2027年高三英语一轮复习：定语从句

该高中英语高考复习课件聚焦定语从句专题，依据高考评价体系系统梳理关系代词、关系副词、“介词+关系代词”及as/which非限制性定语从句等核心考点，通过表格归纳先行词、句法功能及真题例句，明确关系代词that/which的使用差异（占比约35%）、“介词+关系代词”（占比25%）等高频考查维度，构建“考点-真题-技巧”三维备考体系。 课件亮点在于“真题情境化训练+思维品质培养”，如结合2023年全国甲卷“where引导抽象地点定语从句”真题，解析“先行词识别-句法功能判断-关系词选择”三步突破法，通过“温馨提示”归纳只用that的五大易错情形，提升学生语言运用能力。写作模块融入2025年北京卷书面表达实例，指导学生用定语从句优化句式，教师可依托“单句-语篇”分层训练，实现精准复习与高效提分。

定语从句 高 考 链 接 考点一 关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词 先行词 句法功能 例句 who 人 主语、宾 语、表语 Some people who are successful language learners often fail in other fields. 有些成功的语言学习者在其他领域常常 会失败 whom 人 宾语 The author whom/who you criticized in your review has written a reply. 你在评论中批评的那位作者已经回复了 考 点 解 读 2 关系代词 先行词 句法 功能 例句 whose (=of whom/ of which) 人或物 定语 My eldest son, whose work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment. 我的大儿子目前在纽约,他的工作让他全 世界到处跑 续表 考 点 解 读 3 关系代词 先行词 句法功能 例句 that 人或物 主语、宾 语 The little problems that/which we meet in our daily lives may be inspiration for great inventions. 我们在日常生活中遇到的那些小问题有 可能会成为伟大发明的灵感 续表 考 点 解 读 4 关系代词 先行词 句法功能 例句 which 物 主语、宾 语 China Today attracts a worldwide readership, which shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China. 《今日中国》吸引了世界各地的读者,这 表明世界上越来越多的人想了解中国 续表 考 点 解 读 5 关系代词 先行词 句法功能 例句 as 人或物 主语、宾 语 As is known to us all, water is necessary to support life. 众所周知,水是维持生命所必需的 注:关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可以省略 续表 考 点 解 读 6 ［温馨提示］ 下列情况只用that不用which: ①先行词是all,something,everything,anything,nothing,little,much,few 等不定代词; ②先行词被all,any,every,no,little,much,some等词修饰; ③先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰或先行词本身是序数词; ④先行词被the only,the very(正是,恰是),the last修饰; ⑤先行词中既有人又有物。 考 点 解 读 7 考点二 关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词 引导的定 语从句 when,where,why的先行词分别是表示时间、地点、原因的名 词,并且关系词在从句中作状语 特殊用法 (1)当先行词为一些表示抽象地点的名词,如 point,situation,case,stage等时,如果关系词在从句中作状语,常 用关系副词where引导定语从句; (2)当先行词way意为“方法,方式”,且关系词在从句中作状语时, 可用that,in which或省略关系词这三种形式 考 点 解 读 8 ［温馨提示］where引导的定语从句的特殊用法： We've reached a point where we need to make a final decision. 我们已经到了必须做最终决定的阶段。 There are times when life puts you in a situation where you have to choose between family and work. 生活中总有这样的情况：你必须在家庭和工作之间做出选择。 考 点 解 读 9 The teacher explained a case where this grammar rule doesn't apply. 老师讲解了一个该语法规则不适用的案例。 The project has entered a stage where everyone needs to work extra hours. 这个项目已经进入了每个人都需要加班的阶段。 考 点 解 读 10 考点三 “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 若介词放在关系代词之前,关系代词指人时常用whom,指物时常 用which。 Trading leather shoes is the business to which the Greens are devoted. 皮鞋贸易是格林一家所致力的事业。 Last Sunday I bought some books from the bookstore, three of which were English novels. 上周日我从书店买了一些书,其中三本是英文小说。 考 点 解 读 11 ［温馨提示］ “介词+which/whom”引导的定语从句中介词的确定: (1)根据从句中动词、形容词等与介词的习惯搭配来确定。 Do you know the girl with/to whom the teacher talked just now? 你认识刚才和老师谈话的那个女孩吗?(talk意为“交谈”时,常与with或 to搭配) 考 点 解 读 12 (2)根据定语从句中先行词与介词的习惯搭配来确定。 They are collecting information in preparation for the day on which the two sides sit down and talk. 他们正在收集信息为双方坐下来和谈的那一天做准备。 (3)根据语义表达的需要来确定。 Knowledge is the wings with which we realize our dreams. 知识是我们借以实现梦想的翅膀。(with表示用某种手段、工具) 考 点 解 读 13 考点四 as, which引导的非限制性定语从句 as作关系代词引导非限制性定语从句时,指代整个主句,意为“正如, 正像”,as引导的句子可放在句首、句末或句中;which引导定语从句指 代整句话的内容时,只能位于句末。 The number of smokers, as is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. 正如报道的那样,吸烟者的数量仅在一年内就已经减少了百分之十七。 考 点 解 读 14 He failed in the exam, which made his father very angry. 他在考试中失利,这使得他爸爸非常生气。 ［温馨提示］ as常用在下列习惯用语中: as (it) often happens, as I can remember, as is often the case, as is expected, as is known to us, as is shown等。 考 点 解 读 15 Ⅰ 单句填空 1.In our class there are 46 students, of _______ half wear glasses. whom [解析] 考查非限制性定语从句。前后两句话之间无连词，可判断为 定语从句。先行词为46 students，指人，且关系词在从句中作of的 宾语，用关系代词whom。故填whom。 实 战 演 练 16 2.Ji's designs, _______ combine ethnic costumes and brocade elements, have gained market recognition for their uniqueness and craftsmanship. which [解析] 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词Ji's designs进行补充说明，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代 词which。故填which。 实 战 演 练 17 3.The Silk Road _______ impact extended far beyond mere commercial transactions served as a channel for the transmission of knowledge and innovation. whose [解析] 考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词Silk Road， 先行词在从句中作impact的定语，表示“丝绸之路的影响”，应用关系 代词whose引导。故填whose。 实 战 演 练 18 4.Supply stations are set up along the track, _______ teams can replace batteries for robots. where [解析] 考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，先行词为supply stations，在非限制性定语从句中充当地点状语，用关系副词where 引导。故填where。 实 战 演 练 19 5.These findings show the daily lives and artistic tastes of the ancient people _________ once lived in the region, archaeologists said. who/that [解析] 考查定语从句。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the ancient people，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，用who或 that引导 该定语从句。故填who/that。 实 战 演 练 20 6. ____ Nelson Mandela said, when you speak to a man in a language that he understands, it goes to his head. As [解析] 考查定语从句。这里为非限制性定语从句的关系词，出现在 句首，代指后面整个句子，表示“正如”，用关系代词as，且首字母大 写。故填As。 实 战 演 练 21 7.Fresh materials such as meat, vegetables, mineral water and rice, as well as household waste and other items, _______ are required for the daily operation of the scenic area, can be transported. which [解析] 考查定语从句。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，先 行词fresh materials…as well as household waste and other items 指物，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导。故填 which。 实 战 演 练 22 8.[2023·天津3月考改编] Kenny still remembers the class discussion _______the teacher asked students to share what they wanted to be when they grew up. where [解析] 考查定语从句。 where作为关系副词引导定语从句,在从句中 作状语,相当于in the class discussion。故填where。 实 战 演 练 23 9.[2021·天津6月考改编] In the spring, a season ______ we are learning new rhythms of life，many of us find comfort in the natural world. when [解析] 考查定语从句。此处a season是先行词，在后面的定语从句 中作时间状语，定语从句由关系副词when引导。故填when。 实 战 演 练 24 10.The reason _____ his paintings are highly valued is his unique style of painting. why [解析] 考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，先行词the reason表示 原因，从句中缺少原因状语，所以用关系副词why引导。故填why。 实 战 演 练 25 11.[2025·北京卷] However, according to a report by the World Wildlife Fund, tourists left over 1.3 billion tons of food waste last year, _______accounted for about 8% of the total global gas release in 2024. which [解析] 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是over 1.3 billion tons of food waste，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，用 which引导。故填which。 实 战 演 练 26 12.[2023·全国甲卷] There was once a town in the heart of America _______ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its surroundings… where [解析] 考查定语从句。此处是where引导的定语从句,where在定语从 句中作地点状语。故填where。 实 战 演 练 27 Ⅱ 语法填空 [2025·江苏高三模拟] After 68 years, the China National Peking Opera Company has returned to Latin America with four shows and a series of cultural exchange programmes, whose goal is 1. ____________ (promote) in Brazil a traditional Chinese art form which has a history of more than 200 years. One of the shows being staged during this tour is the classic piece San Cha Kou, 2. ____ At the Crossroads, which follows Ren Tanghui protecting Jiao Zan, a general, to promote or 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 实 战 演 练 28 3. _____________ attacks on his way to the place of exile (流放). Jiao was believed to be 4. ______ (guilt) of a crime he had not committed. Zhu Lingyu, a talented performer, said this piece 5. _____________ (perform) in the traditional “virtual” performance style, which means actors vividly act scenes such as walking in darkness through carefully 6. __________ (design) movements. The fight scenes are a visual highlight, demonstrating 7. __________ (quick). against/from guilty is performed designed quickness 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 实 战 演 练 “Every audience member going to watch Peking Opera performances 8. ________ (expect) to witness a special and attractive show, and they never walk away disappointed,” Zhu said. “Coming here to perform in Brazil for the first time, I am very excited to see how the audiences react, many of 9. _______ may have never watched or heard of Peking Opera.” This complicated art form is vital, because it 10. ___________ (complete) shows traditional Chinese values such as loyalty and honesty.#1.4 expects whom completely 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 实 战 演 练 【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍了中国国家京剧院时 隔68年重返拉丁美洲，在巴西进行四场演出和一系列文化交流项目， 旨在推广具有200多年历史的中国传统艺术形式——京剧。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 实 战 演 练 31 1. ____________ to promote [解析] 考查非谓语动词。空处作表语，说明主语goal的具体内容， 用不定式。故填to promote。 2. ____ or [解析] 考查连词。San Cha Kou和At the Crossroads为同位语关系， 空处表示“又名，或称”，应用连词or。故填or。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 实 战 演 练 32 3. _____________ against/from [解析] 考查介词。protect sb from/against sth为固定短语，意为 “保护某人免受某物的伤害”。故填against/from。 4. ______ guilty [解析] 考查形容词。be guilty of为固定短语，意为“犯有……罪”。 故填guilty。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 实 战 演 练 33 5. _____________ is performed [解析] 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。根据上下文可知，此处应 用一般现在时，主语this piece与perform之间为被动关系，应用一般 现在时的被动语态，主语为单数，be动词应用is。故填is performed。 6. __________ designed [解析] 考查非谓语动词。此处为非谓语动词作定语，design与 movements之间为被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填designed。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 实 战 演 练 34 7. __________ quickness [解析] 考查名词。此处应用quick的名词形式quickness作 demonstrating的宾语，表示“敏捷”。故填quickness。 8. ________ expects [解析] 考查动词时态和主谓一致。此处描述一般性事件，应用一般 现在时，主语every audience member为单数，expect应用第三人称 单数形式。故填expects。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 实 战 演 练 35 9. _______ whom [解析] 考查定语从句。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构引导的非限制性 定语从句，先行词the audiences指人，应用关系代词whom引导。 故填whom。 10. ___________ completely [解析] 考查副词。空处修饰动词shows，应用complete的副词形式 completely作状语。故填completely。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 实 战 演 练 36 Ⅲ 语法与写作—定语从句在写作中的运用 1.[2025·北京卷书面表达] ______________________________, the environment is facing serious problems, _______________________ ___. 众所周知，环境正面临着严峻的问题，这些问题影响着每个人的生活。 As we know/As is known to all which affect everyone's life 实 战 演 练 37 2.[2024·新课标Ⅰ卷读后续写] If I miss this last bus to Prague, I'll be late for the conference _________________________ that I can't afford to miss it! 如果我错过这趟去布拉格的末班车,我参加会议就会迟到,这个会议非 常重要,我不能错过它! which/that is so important 实 战 演 练 38 3.[2023·全国乙卷书面表达] I took a beginner's lesson with a knowledgeable instructor ____________________________________ ____________________________ of paddle boarding, including proper technique and safety measures. 我上了一位知识渊博的教练的初级课,他教我桨板运动的基本知识,包 括正确的技术和安全措施。 who/that taught me the fundamentals/basic knowledge 实 战 演 练 39 4.[2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷应用文写作] Starting at 12 o'clock on Sunday, the interview will last forty minutes, __________________ ________________________________________________________ on how to reduce stress.(介词+关系代词) 从周日12点开始,访谈将持续40分钟,在此期间,希望您为我们提供一 些关于如何减轻压力的建议。 during which time you are expected to give us some recommendations 实 战 演 练 40 5.[2021·全国甲卷书面表达] Word came that our school is going to hold a class meeting ____________________________________ _______________. 有消息称,我们学校将举办主题与中国传统习俗有关的班会。 whose topic is related to traditional Chinese customs 实 战 演 练 41 $