Unit 6 语法专练 2026-2027学年译林版九年级英语上册

**基本信息** 初中英语同步专项训练，聚焦一般将来时的被动语态，以“概念-结构-用法-转换-易错”逻辑链系统构建方法体系，通过分层题型强化语言运用与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法讲解|9大模块（含结构对比/转换步骤）|主动变被动三步法、两种结构区别（语气/计划性）、易错点（短语动词介词不省略等）|从定义→结构（will be/be going to be）→用法→转换→注意事项，形成完整认知链| |习题训练|句型转换/填空/选择/改错/翻译（各10题）|题型覆盖中考核心考法，典例含主谓一致、不及物动词无被动等易错点|通过不同题型强化结构应用，结合答案解析深化知识迁移能力|

译林版九上Unit 6语法专练 一般将来时的被动语态 一、语法讲解 （一）一般将来时被动语态的基本概念 1. 定义 一般将来时的被动语态表示将来某个时间要发生的被动动作，即主语是将来动作的承受者。该动作尚未发生，预计在将来发生。 例句：The new bridge will be built next year.（新桥将于明年修建。——桥是将来被修建的） 2. 结构 一般将来时被动语态有两种主要结构： 结构一：will be + 过去分词 这是最常用、最正式的结构，适用于所有情况。 肯定句：主语 + will be + 过去分词 + (by + 执行者) + 其他 否定句：主语 + will not (won't) be + 过去分词 + (by + 执行者) + 其他 一般疑问句：Will + 主语 + be + 过去分词 + (by + 执行者) + 其他？ 特殊疑问句：疑问词 + will + 主语 + be + 过去分词 + (by + 执行者) + 其他？ 结构二：am/is/are going to be + 过去分词 这种结构更口语化，表示按计划、打算或很可能要发生的被动动作。 肯定句：主语 + am/is/are going to be + 过去分词 + (by + 执行者) + 其他 否定句：主语 + am/is/are not going to be + 过去分词 + (by + 执行者) + 其他 一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are + 主语 + going to be + 过去分词 + (by + 执行者) + 其他？ 特殊疑问句：疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 + going to be + 过去分词 + (by + 执行者) + 其他？ （二）will be + 过去分词结构 1. 基本用法 will be + 过去分词是最常见的一般将来时被动语态形式，可以表示纯粹的将来动作，也可以表示意愿、预测等。 例句： · The meeting will be held in Room 101.（会议将在101室举行。） · The project will be finished by the end of this month.（项目将于本月底完成。） · A new school will be opened in our town soon.（我们镇上很快将开设一所新学校。） · The car will be repaired tomorrow.（这辆车明天会被修理。） · The problem will be discussed at the next meeting.（这个问题将在下次会议上讨论。） 2. will be的缩写 在口语和非正式文体中，will可以缩写为'll。 例句： · It'll be finished soon.（它很快就会被完成。） · They'll be invited to the party.（他们会被邀请参加派对。） 3. will not be的缩写 will not可以缩写为won't。 例句： · The work won't be finished on time.（工作不会按时完成。） · The letter won't be sent today.（这封信今天不会被寄出。） 4. 疑问句形式 一般疑问句：将will提到主语前。 · Will the work be finished tomorrow?（工作明天会完成吗？） · Will the meeting be cancelled?（会议会被取消吗？） 特殊疑问句：疑问词 + will + 主语 + be + 过去分词？ · When will the new bridge be built?（新桥什么时候修建？） · Where will the party be held?（派对将在哪里举行？） · How will the problem be solved?（这个问题将如何解决？） （三）be going to be + 过去分词结构 1. 基本用法 be going to be + 过去分词表示按计划、安排或很可能要发生的被动动作。这种结构比will be更强调“计划性”或“必然性”。 例句： · The old building is going to be pulled down.（这座旧楼将被拆除。——已有计划） · The problem is going to be discussed at the meeting tomorrow.（这个问题将在明天的会议上讨论。——已安排） · Look at those dark clouds! The crops are going to be destroyed by the storm.（看那些乌云！庄稼要被暴风雨毁了。——必然趋势） 2. 主谓一致 be动词的形式取决于主语的人称和数。 · 主语为第一人称单数I时，用am going to be。例句：I am going to be sent abroad.（我将被派往国外。） · 主语为第三人称单数时，用is going to be。例句：The car is going to be repaired.（这辆车将被修理。） · 主语为复数或第二人称时，用are going to be。例句：The books are going to be donated to the library.（这些书将被捐赠给图书馆。） 3. 否定句和疑问句 否定句：在be动词后加not。 · The meeting is not going to be cancelled.（会议不会被取消。） · The books are not going to be sold.（这些书不会被卖掉。） 一般疑问句：将be动词提到主语前。 · Is the meeting going to be cancelled?（会议会被取消吗？） · Are the books going to be sold?（这些书会被卖掉吗？） （四）will be与be going to be的区别 比较维度 will be + 过去分词 be going to be + 过去分词 语气 较正式，可用于各种情况 较口语化 计划性 可表示一般性将来 强调有计划、有安排 预测性 可表示主观预测 常表示有证据的预测 使用频率 更常用 相对较少用 例句对比： · The bridge will be built next year.（一般将来陈述） · The bridge is going to be built next year.（强调已有建设计划） （五）一般将来时被动语态的常见时间状语 以下时间状语常与一般将来时被动语态连用： · tomorrow及其短语：tomorrow，tomorrow morning，the day after tomorrow · next系列：next week，next month，next year，next Monday · in + 时间段：in two days（两天后），in a week（一周后） · in + 将来年份：in 2030，in the future · soon（不久），later（后来），in the near future（在不久的将来） · by + 将来时间：by next week（到下周为止），by the end of this month（到本月底为止） 例句： · The work will be finished by next Friday. · A new hospital will be built in this area soon. · The decision will be made in two days. （六）主动语态变一般将来时被动语态的步骤 步骤与之前学过的被动语态转换相同： 第一步：将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。 第二步：将主动语态的谓语动词变为“will be + 过去分词”或“be going to be + 过去分词”。 第三步：将主动语态的主语变为by的宾语，如果不重要可以省略。 示例： · 主动：They will build a new hospital here. · 被动：A new hospital will be built here. · 主动：The company is going to launch a new product. · 被动：A new product is going to be launched by the company. （七）带情态动词的被动语态 情态动词（can，could，may，might，must，should，ought to，had better等）的被动语态结构为：情态动词 + be + 过去分词。这虽然不是纯粹的“一般将来时”，但常与将来时间连用，表达“应该被做”、“必须被做”等含义。 例句： · The work must be finished today.（这项工作必须在今天完成。） · The problem can be solved easily.（这个问题很容易解决。） · The letter should be sent immediately.（这封信应该立即寄出。） · The meeting may be cancelled if it rains.（如果下雨，会议可能会被取消。） · The plan ought to be discussed before we take action.（在采取行动之前，这个计划应该被讨论。） （八）一般将来时被动语态的用法总结 用法一：表示将来要发生的被动动作 This problem will be discussed at the next meeting.（这个问题将在下次会议上讨论。） 用法二：表示按计划或安排将要进行的被动动作 A new library is going to be built in our community.（我们社区将要建一座新图书馆。） 用法三：表示对将来情况的预测或估计 The result will be announced in two hours.（结果将在两小时后公布。） 用法四：用于条件状语从句的主句中 If you don't work hard，you will be punished by the teacher.（如果你不努力学习，你会被老师惩罚。） 用法五：表达客观必要性或可能性（与情态动词连用） The classroom must be kept clean.（教室必须保持干净。） （九）注意事项 1. be going to结构中主语与be的搭配 be going to be中的be动词必须与主语保持一致。这是学生容易出错的地方。 错误：The books is going to be sold. 正确：The books are going to be sold. 2. 短语动词的被动语态 短语动词变为被动语态时，后面的介词或副词不能省略。 错误：The problem will be looked.（looked后缺少at） 正确：The problem will be looked at. 3. 被动语态中by短语的位置 by短语通常放在过去分词之后，其他状语之前。 例句：The book will be written by Tom next year. 4. 无被动语态的情况 不及物动词（如happen，occur，appear）以及表示状态的动词（如have，belong to）没有被动语态。 错误：The accident will be happened. 正确：The accident will happen. 5. there be句型的被动形式 there be句型本身已表示“存在”，其被动形式there will be + 名词 + 过去分词表示“将有某物被……”。 例句：There will be a new school built in our town.（我们镇上将建一所新学校。） 二、习题部分 题目 一、将下列句子改为被动语态 1. They will build a new hospital in this area. 2. The workers are going to repair the bridge next month. 3. They will hold the Olympic Games in 2028. 4. The company will launch a new product next week. 5. Someone will clean the room tomorrow. 6. They are going to discuss the plan at the meeting. 7. The teacher will grade the exams over the weekend. 8. The government will build more schools in the area. 9. They will finish the project by the end of this month. 10. The manager is going to sign the contract tomorrow. 二、用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. The new bridge ________ (build) next year. 2. The meeting ________ (hold) in the conference room tomorrow. 3. The work ________ (finish) by next Friday. 4. A new school ________ (open) in our town soon. 5. The problem ________ (discuss) at the next meeting. 6. The letter ________ (send) tomorrow morning. 7. The concert ________ (hold) in the gym next Saturday. 8. The old building ________ (pull) down next month. 9. The decision ________ (make) at tomorrow's meeting. 10. The results ________ (announce) in two days. 三、选择正确的选项 1. A new bridge ________ across the river next year. A. will build B. will be built C. is built D. was built 2. The meeting ________ tomorrow afternoon. A. will hold B. will be held C. is holding D. was held 3. The homework ________ before Friday. A. must finish B. must be finished C. must finished D. must be finish 4. The problem ________ at the meeting next week. A. is going to discuss B. is going to be discussed C. will discuss D. discusses 5. The classroom ________ by the students tomorrow. A. will clean B. will be cleaned C. is cleaned D. was cleaned 6. The letter ________ to the wrong address if you're not careful. A. will send B. will be sent C. is sent D. was sent 7. The new product ________ next month. A. will launch B. will be launched C. is launching D. was launched 8. The decision ________ by the manager tomorrow. A. will make B. will be made C. is made D. was made 9. The old building ________ down next month. A. is going to pull B. is going to be pulled C. will pull D. pulls 10. The exam papers ________ by the teachers over the weekend. A. will grade B. will be graded C. are grading D. were graded 四、改错（每题仅有一处错误） 1. The new hospital will be build next year. 2. The meeting will hold in Room 201 tomorrow. 3. The work is going to be finish by Friday. 4. The letter will be sent to you tomorrow. (此句正确，请找出下一句错误) The problem will be looked. 5. The concert will be held in the gym. (此句正确，请找出下一句错误) The accident will be happened if you drive so fast. 6. The decision will be made by the committee tomorrow. (此句正确，请找出下一句错误) The books is going to be donated to the library. 7. The plan will be discussed at the next meeting. (此句正确，请找出下一句错误) The flowers will be water by my mother. 8. The new school is going to built in our community. 9. The problem will be solved. (此句正确，请找出下一句错误) A meeting will be hold next week. 10. The results will be announced tomorrow. (此句正确，请找出下一句错误) The car is going to be repair next week. 五、句型转换 1. They will build a new airport in this city. (改为被动语态) 2. The workers are going to repaint the house next month. (改为被动语态) 3. Someone will pick you up at the airport. (改为被动语态) 4. They won't hold the meeting tomorrow. (改为被动语态) 5. Will they finish the project on time? (改为被动语态) 6. The students are going to clean the classroom after school. (改为被动语态) 7. They should finish the work today. (改为被动语态) 8. You must send the letter immediately. (改为被动语态) 9. They can solve the problem easily. (改为被动语态) 10. The teacher may cancel the class if it snows heavily. (改为被动语态) 六、翻译句子 1. 明年这里将建一所新医院。 2. 会议将于明天下午在会议室举行。 3. 这项工作必须在本周内完成。 4. 这个问题将在下次会议上讨论。 5. 你的汽车明天会被修理。 6. 结果将在两小时后公布。 7. 如果下雨，运动会将被取消。 8. 这些书将被捐赠给学校图书馆。 9. 这座旧楼下个月将被拆除。 10. 信件将明天早上寄出。 三、答案与解析 一、将下列句子改为被动语态 1. 答案：A new hospital will be built in this area. 解析：一般将来时主动句，宾语a new hospital变为主语，谓语改为will be built。地点状语in this area不变。 2. 答案：The bridge is going to be repaired next month. 解析：be going to结构，宾语the bridge变为主语（单数），谓语改为is going to be repaired。next month时间状语不变。 3. 答案：The Olympic Games will be held in 2028. 解析：宾语the Olympic Games变为主语（复数），但被动语态中仍用will be held（过去分词形式不变）。in 2028时间状语不变。 4. 答案：A new product will be launched next week. 解析：宾语a new product变为主语，谓语改为will be launched。next week时间状语不变。 5. 答案：The room will be cleaned tomorrow. 解析：宾语the room变为主语，谓语改为will be cleaned。tomorrow时间状语不变。 6. 答案：The plan is going to be discussed at the meeting. 解析：宾语the plan变为主语（单数），谓语改为is going to be discussed。地点状语at the meeting不变。 7. 答案：The exams will be graded by the teacher over the weekend. 解析：宾语the exams变为主语（复数），谓语改为will be graded。动作执行者by the teacher可保留。 8. 答案：More schools will be built by the government in the area. 解析：宾语more schools变为主语，谓语改为will be built。by the government可保留。 9. 答案：The project will be finished by the end of this month. 解析：宾语the project变为主语，谓语改为will be finished。by the end of this month时间状语不变。 10. 答案：The contract is going to be signed by the manager tomorrow. 解析：宾语the contract变为主语（单数），谓语改为is going to be signed。tomorrow时间状语不变。 二、用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. 答案：will be built 解析：next year为将来时间状语，用一般将来时被动语态。build的过去分词为built。 2. 答案：will be held 解析：tomorrow为将来时间状语，用一般将来时被动语态。hold的过去分词为held。 3. 答案：will be finished 解析：by next Friday（到下周五为止）为将来时间状语，用一般将来时被动语态。 4. 答案：will be opened 解析：soon（不久）为将来时间状语，用一般将来时被动语态。open的过去分词为opened。 5. 答案：will be discussed 解析：at the next meeting（在下一次会议上）为将来时间状语，用一般将来时被动语态。 6. 答案：will be sent 解析：tomorrow morning为将来时间状语，用一般将来时被动语态。 7. 答案：will be held 解析：next Saturday为将来时间状语，用一般将来时被动语态。 8. 答案：will be pulled 解析：next month为将来时间状语，用一般将来时被动语态。pull down为短语动词，过去分词为pulled。 9. 答案：will be made 解析：at tomorrow's meeting为将来时间状语，用一般将来时被动语态。make的过去分词为made。 10. 答案：will be announced 解析：in two days（两天后）为将来时间状语，用一般将来时被动语态。 三、选择正确的选项 1. 答案：B 解析：next year为将来时间状语，主语a new bridge是动作的承受者（被建造），用一般将来时被动语态will be built。 2. 答案：B 解析：tomorrow afternoon为将来时间状语，会议是“被举行”，用一般将来时被动语态will be held。 3. 答案：B 解析：must为情态动词，被动语态结构为“情态动词 + be + 过去分词”。must be finished表示“必须被完成”。 4. 答案：B 解析：be going to结构表示计划，问题是被讨论，用被动语态is going to be discussed。主语the problem为单数，用is。 5. 答案：B 解析：tomorrow为将来时间状语，教室是“被打扫”，用一般将来时被动语态will be cleaned。 6. 答案：B 解析：if条件句主句用一般将来时，信是“被寄出”，用will be sent。 7. 答案：B 解析：next month为将来时间状语，产品是“被发布”，用一般将来时被动语态will be launched。 8. 答案：B 解析：tomorrow为将来时间状语，决定是“被做出”，用一般将来时被动语态will be made。 9. 答案：B 解析：be going to结构，建筑是“被拆除”，用is going to be pulled down。主语the old building为单数。 10. 答案：B 解析：over the weekend为将来时间状语，试卷是“被批改”，用一般将来时被动语态will be graded。 四、改错 1. 答案：The new hospital will be built next year. 解析：build的过去分词是built，不是build。will be build是错误的。 2. 答案：The meeting will be held in Room 201 tomorrow. 解析：被动语态中，hold的过去分词是held。will hold是主动形式。 3. 答案：The work is going to be finished by Friday. 解析：be going to be后接过去分词。finish的过去分词是finished。 4. 答案：The problem will be looked at. 解析：look at是短语动词，意为“看着”。被动语态中，介词at不能省略。looked at意为“被看着”，而looked单独使用不完整。 5. 答案：The accident will happen if you drive so fast. 解析：happen是不及物动词，没有被动语态。不能说will be happened，要说will happen。 6. 答案：The books are going to be donated to the library. 解析：主语the books是复数，be动词应用are，不是is。books are going to be donated才是正确的。 7. 答案：The flowers will be watered by my mother. 解析：water的过去分词是watered，不是water。will be water是错误的。 8. 答案：The new school is going to be built in our community. 解析：be going to后需接be动词，即be going to be built。going to built缺少be动词。 9. 答案：A meeting will be held next week. 解析：hold的过去分词是held，不是hold。will be hold是错误的。 10. 答案：The car is going to be repaired next week. 解析：repair的过去分词是repaired，不是repair。be going to be repair缺少-ed。 五、句型转换 1. 答案：A new airport will be built in this city. 解析：一般将来时被动语态。宾语a new airport变为主语，谓语改为will be built。 2. 答案：The house is going to be repainted next month. 解析：be going to结构被动语态。宾语the house变为主语（单数），谓语改为is going to be repainted。 3. 答案：You will be picked up at the airport. 解析：宾语you变为主语，谓语改为will be picked up。pick up为短语动词，up不能省略。 4. 答案：The meeting won't be held tomorrow. 解析：否定句形式。won't be held = will not be held。 5. 答案：Will the project be finished on time? 解析：一般疑问句形式。将will提到句首，主语the project后加be finished。 6. 答案：The classroom is going to be cleaned by the students after school. 解析：be going to结构被动语态。宾语the classroom变为主语（单数），谓语改为is going to be cleaned。 7. 答案：The work should be finished today. 解析：情态动词被动语态。结构为“情态动词 + be + 过去分词”。should be finished。 8. 答案：The letter must be sent immediately. 解析：情态动词被动语态。must be sent。 9. 答案：The problem can be solved easily. 解析：情态动词被动语态。can be solved。 10. 答案：The class may be cancelled by the teacher if it snows heavily. 解析：情态动词被动语态。may be cancelled。 六、翻译句子 1. 答案：A new hospital will be built here next year. 解析：一般将来时被动语态。“将被建”用will be built。 2. 答案：The meeting will be held in the conference room tomorrow afternoon. 解析：一般将来时被动语态。“被举行”用will be held。 3. 答案：The work must be finished this week. 解析：情态动词被动语态。“必须被完成”用must be finished。 4. 答案：This problem will be discussed at the next meeting. 解析：一般将来时被动语态。“将被讨论”用will be discussed。 5. 答案：Your car will be repaired tomorrow. 解析：一般将来时被动语态。“将被修理”用will be repaired。 6. 答案：The results will be announced in two hours. 解析：一般将来时被动语态。“将被公布”用will be announced。 7. 答案：The sports meeting will be cancelled if it rains. 解析：一般将来时被动语态。“将被取消”用will be cancelled。 8. 答案：These books will be donated to the school library. 解析：一般将来时被动语态。“将被捐赠”用will be donated。 9. 答案：This old building is going to be pulled down next month. 解析：be going to结构被动语态。“将被拆除”用is going to be pulled down。 10. 答案：The letter will be sent tomorrow morning. 解析：一般将来时被动语态。“将被寄出”用will be sent。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $