Unit 2 Growing pains and gains重难清单+强化训练（外研版）2025-2026学年下学期八年级英语期末单元复习重难清单+强化训练

2025-2026学年下学期八年级英语期末 单元复习重难清单+强化训练(外研版2024) Unit 2 Growing pains and gains 目录 第一部分 单元重难知识清单 核心词汇、重点短语、核心句式、语法要点、写作/阅读词句拓展、写作范文 第二部分 单元综合强化训练 单项选择、完形填空、阅读理解、语法填空、阅读表达、选词填空、完成句子、书面表达 ◇Part 01 单元重难知识清单 1.核心词汇 promise 承诺；答应 例句：I promise to go home before nine. 我承诺九点前回家。 realise 意识到；明白 例句：He realised he left his phone at his friend's home. 他意识到自己把手机落在朋友家了。 interrupt 打断（说话） 例句：Please don't interrupt others when they are talking. 别人讲话时请不要打断。 notice 注意到；察觉 例句：I noticed an old woman standing by the road. 我注意到一位老奶奶站在路边。 attach 系上；附着 例句：A card is attached to the bag. 包上系着一张卡片。 check 查看；检查 例句：She checked the information on the paper carefully. 她仔细查看了纸上的信息。 allow 允许 例句：My parents don't allow me to stay out late. 我的父母不允许我晚归。 hide 隐藏；躲藏 例句：They hide gifts in the bedroom every year. 他们每年都把礼物藏在卧室里。 spend 花费（时间/金钱） 例句：Don't spend too much time on phones. 不要花太多时间玩手机。 draw 吸引；拉 例句：Games always draw children's attention. 游戏总能吸引孩子们的注意力。 disagree 不同意；有分歧 例句：We sometimes disagree with our parents. 我们有时会和父母产生分歧。 accept 接受 例句：He can't accept others' different hobbies. 他无法接受别人与众不同的爱好。 suggest 建议；提议 例句：My friend suggested I try swimming. 我的朋友建议我试试游泳。 fail 失败；未能（做到） 例句：He failed to join the basketball team. 他没能入选篮球队。 worried 担心的；焦虑的 例句：Mum felt worried when I came home late. 我晚回家时妈妈很担心。 pale 苍白的 例句：The old woman looked pale in the cold wind. 那位老奶奶在寒风中脸色苍白。 cross 生气的；恼怒的 例句：My dad was cross with me for being late. 爸爸因为我迟到而生我的气。 disappointed 失望的；沮丧的 例句：I was disappointed about the bad result. 这个糟糕的结果让我很失望。 hurt 伤心的；受伤的 例句：She felt hurt because of the failure. 这次失败让她心里很难受。 different 不同的；有差异的 例句：Our hobbies are totally different. 我们的爱好完全不一样。 2.核心短语 grow up 长大；成长 例句：Growing up has both pains and gains. 成长有苦也有乐。 get along with 与……相处 例句：I get along well with my peers. 我和同龄人相处融洽。 keep promises 遵守承诺 例句：Everyone should keep promises. 每个人都应该遵守承诺。 stay out late 在外逗留到很晚 例句：Teenagers shouldn't stay out late alone. 青少年不应该独自晚归。 a deal is a deal 一言为定；说话算数 例句：You can't break the rule, a deal is a deal. 你不能违反规则，说话要算数。 head back 往回走 例句：We headed back home at half past eight. 我们八点半动身回家。 on one's way back 在某人回来的路上 例句：I met a stranger on my way back. 我在回来的路上遇到了一位陌生人。 pick up 取回；捡起 例句：I went to pick up my phone after helping the old lady. 帮完老奶奶后我去取回了手机。 be cross with 对……生气 例句：Don't be cross with your parents. 不要和父母闹脾气。 stay in touch with 与……保持联系 例句：Phones help us stay in touch with friends. 手机帮助我们和朋友保持联系。 cut off 切断；失去联系 例句：I was cut off from my friends without a phone. 没有手机，我和朋友们断了联系。 take away 转移；带走 例句：Bad habits take away our attention. 坏习惯会分散我们的注意力。 peer pressure 同辈压力 例句：Many teenagers face peer pressure. 很多青少年面临同辈压力。 leave out 被冷落；被排除在外 例句：No one wants to be left out. 没人想被大家冷落。 turn down 拒绝 例句：He turned down the strange advice. 他拒绝了这个奇怪的建议。 try out for 参加……选拔 例句：I tried out for the school basketball team. 我参加了校篮球队的选拔。 take one's mind off 转移注意力；忘掉 例句：Sports can take your mind off sadness. 运动能帮你排解难过。 fall in love with 爱上；喜欢上 例句：She fell in love with swimming soon. 她很快就爱上了游泳。 take a different turn 发生转变 例句：My life took a different turn after the failure. 这次失败后我的人生迎来了转变。 fall upon 降临；发生 例句：Difficulties may fall upon us anytime. 困难随时可能降临在我们身上。 at any stage 在任何阶段 例句：Failure may appear at any stage of life. 人生的任何阶段都可能遭遇失败。 all the time 一直；总是 例句：He practises basketball all the time. 他一直坚持练习篮球。 make friends 交朋友 例句：I made many new friends in the swimming club. 我在游泳俱乐部交到了很多新朋友。 look back 回顾；回首 例句：I like to look back on my childhood. 我喜欢回顾自己的童年。 deal with 应对；处理 例句：We should learn to deal with growing pains. 我们要学会应对成长的烦恼。 3.核心句型 Growing up can be exciting and difficult at the same time.成长既令人兴奋，又充满坎坷。(主语为动名词短语，表语用并列形容词描述事物特征。) What kinds of family problems have you met?你遇到过哪些家庭问题？(现在完成时特殊疑问句，询问过往经历。) How are you getting along with your peers?你和同龄人相处得怎么样？(固定搭配get along with，用于询问人际关系。) Do you remember your promise?你还记得自己的承诺吗？(一般现在时一般疑问句，日常交际常用句型。) I promised to be back before nine tonight.我承诺今晚九点前回来。(promise to do sth. 承诺做某事。) On my way back, I realised that my phone was at my friend's house.在回来的路上，我意识到手机落在了朋友家。(that引导宾语从句，主句+从句的复合句结构。) She said she was lost.她说她迷路了。(宾语从句，主句过去时，从句时态随之变化。) I'm sorry for being cross with you.我为对你发脾气感到抱歉。(be sorry for doing sth. 为做某事而道歉。) I'm very proud of you.我为你感到骄傲。(be proud of sb./sth. 为……感到自豪。) You can't just take my phone away.你不能就这样收走我的手机。(情态动词can't 表示不允许、不同意。) It helps me stay in touch with my friends after school.它帮我在放学后和朋友们保持联系。(help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事。) Too much of your time is spent on your phone.你花了太多时间玩手机。(一般过去时被动语态常用句型。) We need quality family time, too.我们也需要温馨的家庭时光。(need 后接名词，表达需求。) The problem was caused by our misunderstanding.这个问题是由我们的误会造成的。(be caused by 由……引起。) Many teens have experienced peer pressure.许多青少年都经历过同辈压力。(现在完成时，强调经历过某事。) They sometimes do things just because they don't want to be left out.他们有时做事只是不想被大家冷落。(because引导原因状语从句。) I tried out for the basketball team, but I failed.我参加了篮球队选拔，但是落选了。(but连接并列句，表转折关系。) Why not try something else?为什么不试试别的呢？(提建议的经典句型 Why not do sth.) Failure is a part of life.失败是人生的一部分。(主系表结构，用于表达观点。) When one door closes, another opens.一扇门关闭，就会有另一扇门打开（天无绝人之路）。(时间状语从句，励志常用句式。) 4.单元语法：一般过去时的被动语态 1.基本结构 肯定句：主语 + was/were + 动词过去分词 例句：The old woman was taken home by a policewoman. 一位女警察把老奶奶送回了家。 否定句：主语 + was/were + not + 动词过去分词 例句：The promise was not kept. 承诺没有被遵守。 一般疑问句：Was/Were + 主语 + 动词过去分词 例句：Was the phone picked up? 手机被取回来了吗？ 2.使用场景 本单元主要用于描述过去发生的成长挑战、事件，侧重强调动作的承受者，不突出动作发出者；若需要点明动作执行者，用 by 引出。 3.主谓一致规则 主语为单数/不可数名词，用 was；主语为复数名词/代词，用 were。 例句1：A yellow band was attached to her wrist.（单数主语，用was） 例句2：Many gifts were hidden in the room.（复数主语，用were） 4.主动语态变被动语态步骤 ① 把主动句宾语改为被动句主语；② 谓语动词改为 was/were + 过去分词；③ 主动句主语用 by 引出（可省略）。 例：主动：Mum turned down his idea. 被动：His idea was turned down by mum. 他的想法被妈妈拒绝了。 5.阅读/写作必备词句 1.必备词汇 growth 成长 trouble 烦恼 courage 勇气 confidence 自信 mistake 错误 responsibility 责任 relationship 关系 opinion 看法 experience 经历 lesson 教训 2.必备句式 I had a disagreement with my parents. 我和父母发生了争执。 We argued about my coming home late. 我们因为我晚归而争吵。 After this disagreement, I learnt a lot. 这次争执过后，我学到了很多。 Growing up is full of pains and gains. 成长充满了苦与收获。 I once went through a hard time with my family. 我曾经和家人经历过一段艰难的时光。 I gradually understood my parents' love. 我渐渐理解了父母的爱。 We should communicate more with our parents. 我们应该多和父母沟通。 Every failure makes me become stronger. 每一次失败都让我变得更强大。 I learn to face difficulties bravely. 我学会勇敢面对困难。 Communication helps improve family relationship. 沟通有助于改善家庭关系。 6.写作范文 I once had a big disagreement with my parents, and it became a special growing experience for me. Last Friday, I promised to go home before seven o'clock. However, I played basketball with my classmates after school and forgot the time. When I got home, it was nearly eight. My parents were very worried and a little angry. They thought I didn't keep my promise and cared little about their feelings. I felt upset and argued with them loudly. The whole room was full of bad atmosphere. Later that night, I calmed down and thought about my mistake. I said sorry to my parents sincerely. I told them I would never break my promise again. My parents also softened their attitudes and told me they just worried about my safety. From this experience, I learnt that communication is very important between parents and children. We should understand each other and always keep our promises. This small quarrel didn't hurt our relationship. On the contrary, it made our family closer. Growing up means learning to be responsible and thoughtful. 译文: 我曾经和父母发生过一次激烈的争执，这也成为了我一段特别的成长经历。 上周五，我承诺七点之前回家。可放学后我和同学们打篮球，忘记了时间。等我到家时，已经快八点了。父母又担心又生气，他们觉得我不守承诺，也不在意他们的感受。我心里很委屈，还大声和他们争吵起来，家里的气氛变得很糟糕。 那天晚上晚些时候，我冷静下来，意识到了自己的错误。我诚恳地向父母道歉，保证以后再也不违背承诺。父母也缓和了情绪，告诉我他们只是担心我的安全。 通过这件事，我明白了亲子之间沟通十分重要。我们要互相理解，坚守承诺。这次小小的争吵并没有破坏我们的关系，反而让一家人变得更加亲密。成长，就是学会承担责任、学会体谅他人。 ◇Part 02 单元综合检测试卷 Unit 2 单元综合检测试题 一、单项选择 1．—Why did you turn down the offer? —The job wasn’t ________ enough for me. I wanted something more creative. A．pleasant B．challenging C．typical D．practical 2．—I’ve tried my best. But ________ are my parents satisfied with my progress. —Your parents are too strict. You should talk to them. A．by all means B．by no means C．in any case D．at all costs 3．The students in our school ________ how to deal with stress from studies yesterday. A．taught B．should teach C．will taught D．were taught 4．—I’m very worried about the exam. —Don’t be so ________. Everything will be fine. A．excited B．nervous C．relaxed D．surprised 5．—I don’t know how to deal with my growing pains. —________ talk with your parents? They can help you. A．Why not B．Why don’t C．What about D．Let’s 6．—________ the novel ________ by the young writer before she went abroad? —Yes, and it was very successful. A．Did; write B．Was; written C．Has; been written D．Is; written 7．The old man felt great _______ when he heard the bad news. A．pain B．hurt C．ache D．wound 8．Don’t worry. You won’t be ________ in the group activity. A．left out B．cut off C．taken off D．put off 9．My growing pressure is stronger than ________ on my deskmate. But I know it can bring me gains. A．it B．that C．this D．one 10．—Mom, could you tell me ________we used to visit my grandparents every week? —They were always happy to see us. A．why B．what C．where D．how 11．—We all wonder ________. —Without my friends’ support, I couldn’t get the prize. A．if you did a good job B．how you succeeded C．that you did so well D．why were you successful 12．My parents were ________ that I didn’t do well in the exam. I promised them I would study harder next time. A．disappointed B．worried C．lively D．elderly 13．The two friends had a(n) ________ over where to go for the holiday. One wanted to go to the beach, and the other preferred the mountains. A．agreement B．disagreement C．achievement D．payment 14．Time waits for no man. But some people won’t ________ the importance of time until it’s gone. A．show B．realize C．expect D．discuss 15．It is quite a ________ action to laugh at others. It’s also very impolite. A．kind B．silly C．wise D．ugly 16．________ arrive there before noon, they started early. A．As soon as B．As a result C．In order to D．According to 17．A ________ works in a shop and helps people with money matters. A．nurse B．policeman C．cashier D．farmer 18．—Can I do the homework tomorrow instead, Mum? —No way. All your homework ________ today. A．must finish B．need finish C．must be finished D．may be finished 19．Many traditional crafts ________ at the art festival last month, and they ________ by lots of visitors. A．showed; were liked B．were shown; liked C．were shown; were liked D．showed; liked 20．—I’m sorry I can’t go to the movies with you tonight. I have to finish my homework. —________. Maybe we can go another time. A．Well done B．Of course C．Sounds good D．Never mind 二、完形填空 阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Last week, our science group had an important experiment (实验) for the final exam. Our 21 was to finish it well and get a good grade. Because of the great pressure from the exam, I was too nervous to 22 my hands. When we started, I made a big mistake by adding the wrong chemical (化学制品) carelessly. Everyone was shocked. I felt upset and 23 at once. Though my group members said nothing 24 , I knew clearly it was all my fault. I stayed 25 in the corner, full of anger at my own carelessness. I didn’t know how to 26 the terrible situation. I was afraid they would never forgive me for making us fail. Later, our group leader came to me and gave me some good 27 patiently. He told me not to have 28 thoughts and to behave bravely. I decided to apologize to the whole group. To my surprise, they 29 me easily. They said we were a team and would try again together. Together, we did the experiment carefully again and finally succeeded. I’m truly 30 for them. Though I made a mistake, they didn't give up on me. Now I’m proud of our team. I learned to face mistakes bravely. 21．A．purpose B．pleasure C．joke D．reason 22．A．wash B．clean C．control D．remind 23．A．excited B．hungry C．positive D．sorry 24．A．interesting B．hurtful C．beautiful D．helpful 25．A．alone B．loudly C．carefully D．slowly 26．A．deal with B．wait for C．come over D．look after 27．A．information B．progress C．advice D．trouble 28．A．popular B．negative C．important D．public 29．A．forgave B．protected C．researched D．left 30．A．afraid B．comfortable C．surprised D．thankful 三、阅读理解 A Please read my blog. I’m Alice, 28, a school counselor (顾问) from Canada. Part I Check out (查看) this list. If you have some or many of these symptoms (症状) for most of the time during the last two weeks, then it’s time for you to do something. ●Feeling hopeless with nothing to look forward to. ●Not interested in anything. ●Crying and not knowing why. ●Feeling lonely and that nobody cares about you. ●Feeling angry or anxious. ●Staying away from people you usually enjoy being with. Spending more time alone in your room. Part II What you can do. ⊙Talk to your parents, grandparents, teachers or school counselors. No one can get help unless they talk to others about their problems. ⊙Keep on doing all the normal things in life, like going to school, doing housework and getting lots of exercise. ⊙... 31．The underlined word “anxious” means “feeling ________”. A．happy B．interested C．worried D．normal 32．Part I is to find out if ________. A．we have problems B．we’re common people C．we have fun at school D．we have best friends 33．Where do you think this passage is from? A．A diary B．A guidebook. C．A magazine. D．The Internet. B Do you often have fights with your parents? Many teenagers have this problem. As we grow up, we want more freedom, but parents always worry about us. They often tell us what to do and what not to do, which makes us upset. Here are some ways to get on well with parents. First, communicate with them often. Don’t keep silent when you have different ideas. You can talk to them calmly and explain your thoughts. Second, understand their love. Parents care about you all the time. Their strict rules are just to keep you safe. Third, do small things to help them. You can help with housework, cook meals or just say “I love you” to them. These small things can make your parents happy. Last, respect their opinions. Even if you don’t agree with them, don’t argue loudly. You can say “I’ll think about it” instead of fighting. Remember, parents are the people who love you most in the world. Good communication is the key to a good parent-child relationship. 34．What’s the main problem for teenagers in the passage? A．Having fights with parents. B．Having too much homework. C．Having health problems. D．Having no friends. 35．How many ways does the writer give to get on well with parents? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six. 36．What should you do when you have different ideas with parents? A．Keep silent. B．Argue loudly. C．Talk calmly and explain. D．Do whatever you want. 37．Which is NOT mentioned as a small thing to help parents? A．Help with housework. B．Cook meals. C．Buy expensive gifts. D．Say “I love you”. 38．What is the key to a good parent-child relationship? A．Freedom. B．Good communication. C．Strict rules. D．Much money. C Growing up is a process of change and growth. It is not just about getting older, but also about becoming a better person. During our growth, we will experience many changes, such as physical changes, emotional changes and mental changes. Physical changes are the clearest. As we grow up, our bodies will become stronger and more mature. For example, boys will have deeper voices and girls will have different body shapes. These changes are normal and are part of growing up. Emotional changes are also common during growth. We may feel happy, sad, excited or worried more easily. We may start to care more about what others think of us. ________ These emotions are normal, and we should learn to deal with them properly. Mental changes are important too. We will become more able to do things by ourselves and start to think more deeply about life and the world around us. We will learn to make our own decisions and be responsible for our actions. This helps us grow into mature and responsible adults. Growing up can be challenging, but it is also a wonderful journey. It allows us to discover who we are and what we want to be. By accepting the changes and facing the challenges bravely, we can grow into the best ourselves. 39．Which of the following is NOT a type of change mentioned in Paragraph 1? A．Social changes. B．Emotional changes. C．Mental changes. D．Physical changes. 40．What does the underlined word “mature” mean in Paragraph 2? A．Childish. B．Grown-up. C．Weak. D．Young. 41．Which of the following can be put in “________” in Paragraph 3? A．We may start to stay up late at night. B．We may have more fights with our parents. C．We may learn to play a new instrument. D．We may become much taller and stronger. 42．Which of the following pictures is related to mental changes? A． B． C． D． 43．What is the best title for this passage? A．Ways to Make Good Friends B．Physical Changes in Teens C．Fights with Parents at Home D．The Changes of Growing Up D People usually feel excited when they go on vacation. But most people feel blue when coming home after travelling. And this feeling is called post-vacation blues. If you feel blue after travelling, here are some ways to help you get out of this bad feeling. Give yourself a week to relax first. You don’t need to think what to do next and just be relaxed. You can show your pet some love if you have one, watch your favourite TV shows or listen to relaxing music. After a week, do something useful and keep yourself busy. For example, when I came back from Europe, I felt blue because I didn’t have a job and was living with my parents. So I decided to find a job and make myself busy. If you don’t need a job, just try something like painting your room or tidying your house. You can also do exercise, learn to cook, visit your friends and just do anything you want! It’s also a good idea to make a photo book and plan your next trip. Your photos taken on vacation help you remember the good times you had. And you can plan to take another trip. Just like Elbert Hubbard said, “No man needs a vacation so much as the man who has just had one.” Next time when you feel blue, remember to try these ways. You’ll find going back to the real life is not so terrible as you think. 44．Which of the following is NOT suggested for post-vacation blues? A．Buying a new pet. B．Painting your room. C．Planning your next trip. D．Watching your favourite TV shows. 45．Why does the writer mention Elbert Hubbard’s saying? A．To encourage people to take a long vacation B．To prove that the writer is full of rich knowledge C．To show that each person needs to have a nice vacation. D．To explain why planning the next trip cheers people up. 46．Which is the right structure of the passage? A．①②/③④/⑤ B．①/②③/④⑤ C．①/②③④/⑤ D．①②/③/④⑤ E It is normal to feel a bit nervous about exams if you’re under pressure from school or family. Exam stress can cause you to feel nervous or depressed, and this might influence your sleeping or eating habits. 47 Here are some things you can do. Open up to others. Firstly, let your trusted friends and family know if you’re having a hard time. They can be there to support you, encourage you and offer good advice. 48 Keeping it all to yourself will only make things worse, so don’t be afraid to open up. Learn to get help. Secondly, think about all the practical support you need, and be honest with yourself about it. You are allowed to ask for help. 49 Tell your teachers about your worries. They may have talked to lots of students who are going through similar things, so they can give you some helpful advice. 50 One more thing you can do is to be proud of yourself. Think about all the things you have achieved so far. It can be helpful to write lots of things you like about yourself, and the things other people value about you, too. Do breathing exercises. Deep breathing can help relax both your mind and body. We can breathe deeply through our nose, then blow slowly through our mouth. 51 If you follow the things above, I’m sure you will never be worried about exams. A．Sleeping for a long time is of no use for your worries. B．Your teachers are a good choice. C．You don’t have to go through all the worries alone. D．If you have any of these feelings or worries about exam pressure, you are not alone. E．Unluckily, we can’t get lots of help from our teachers. F．This can be a useful way to help you relaxed and less stressed. G．Take pride in yourself. 四、任务型阅读 根据短文内容，按要求回答问题。 When did you get your first smartphone? Although smartphones can be useful, owning one too early is not a good idea. A new study found that getting a smartphone before the age of 13 may be harmful to people’s mental (心理的) health. Researchers asked over 100,000 people around the world about their phone use. Some people aged 18-24 got their first smartphone at age 12 or younger. It’s more common for them to have mental health problems as adults (成年人). For example, they might often feel lonely, angry, or have sad thoughts as they grow up. One of the key reasons behind these problems may be easy access (接触) to social media. Although most apps set the rule that users should be at least 13 years old, not everyone follows the rule. At the same time, the age of owning the first smartphone continues to fall. In fact, 89％of 12-year-old British kids own a smartphone and the average age of getting one’s first phone is nine. Many children spend hours a day on their phones. This can cause sleep problems and do harm to family relationships. As AI and technology become part of life, they also create more challenges for face-to-face communication. All of these can influence one’s mental health. A team of experts are calling for action to protect young kids’ mental health. They think parents and teachers should make rules about phone use for kids and teach them how to use technology safely. Teenagers should also find a balance between using technology and taking care of their mind and body. This will help build a healthier future for young people. 52．What is the new study mainly about? 53．Who is more likely to have mental health problems as adults? 54．According to paragraph 4, how does the writer feel about kids’ phone use now? 55．Who should play a part in protecting young kids’ mental health? 56．What other harms do you think early phone use can cause? (write down 2 points) 五、选词填空 阅读下面的短文,根据短文内容,从下面方框内所给11个词中选择10个意义相符的词,必要时进行词形变化和时态变化,填入空白处。 play   be   protect  solve    feel    set   bully (欺凌)  write  give  realize   listen A shy boy in Xi’an is a responsible class monitor. In his third grade, he 57 because his classmates 58 “Joker” on his uniform while he 59 to the teacher carefully. He 60 terrible, but he didn’t speak to his mother until two days later. He decided 61 the problem himself. At a class meeting, he stood calmly before the class and asked them how they’d feel if laughed at like that. He reminded everyone that he always tried his best 62 the class as monitor. What a brave and wise way! His words moved the bullies to tears, and they finally 63 their mistakes. The teacher praised him for 64 an example in facing bullying. His mother shared his courage online. Since then, the support for the boy 65 greater than expected. The video received over two million likes. Many people thanked the teacher and mother for supporting him. Certainly, the boy’s story 66 a role in encouraging more children to solve problems in a brave way in the future. 六、短文填空 阅读短文内容，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Anger is a kind of feeling. Many things can make you angry. When your teacher gives you too much homework, when your team loses 67 important game, when a friend borrows your favorite thing and then 68 (break) it, you may get really angry. Usually, your body will tell you when you are angry. For example, you breathe 69 (fast) than before, your face turns red, and you may want to break something or hit someone. But sometimes, you hide (隐藏) your anger 70 (quiet). For example, you may hide it 71 your heart. The problem is that if you do this, you may get a headache or your stomach may hurt. In fact, it’s not good to hide your anger, and it’s normal for you 72 (get) angry sometimes. But anger must be let out in the right way, without hurting others or 73 (you). When you get angry, you can talk about it with other people. It’s 74 (help) to talk about your anger with an adult, such as a parent, a teacher, etc. When you talk about anger, those bad 75 (feeling) can start to go away. Here are some other things you can do 76 you start to feel angry: talk to a good friend, count from 1 to 100, give someone a hug (拥抱), go for a bike ride, think about good things, etc. Remember that how you act when you are angry can make everything better or worse. Don’t let your anger control you. 七、完成句子 77．他们可能很快就会被机器取代。 They may soon ________ ________ by machines. 78．昨天，一项艰巨的任务落在了他身上。 A difficult task ________ ________ him yesterday. 79．在他用光积蓄之后，他所有创办新公司的计划都化为泡影了。 All his plans to start a new company ________ ________ ________ after he used up his savings. 80．当时那些令人心碎的话让我忍不住笑了出来。 I couldn’t ________ ________ ________ those heartbreaking words then. 81．我未能加入足球队，并为此感到失望。 I ________ ________ join the football team and I ________ ________ ________ it. 82．儿子气喘吁吁地跑进门。 The son ________ ________ the door , ________ ________ ________. 83．她承诺帮我做作业。 She ________ ________ help me with my homework. 84．有些人会质疑制定计划的意义，但是我会努力去履行。 Many people may question ________ ________ ________ making resolutions, but I’ll try to keep them. 85．但很快，我爱上了这项运动。 But soon, I ________ ________ ________ ________ the sport. 86．过去他非常害羞以至于他很难与同学相处。 He used to be so shy that it was difficult for him to ________ ________ ________ his classmates. 八、书面表达 87．每个人在生活中都会遇到困难和压力。作为一名初二的学生Tom在网上发出一封求助帖。他最近学习压力很大，每天睡眠不足，在学校里朋友很少，遇到困难不知道向谁倾诉。假如你是李华，请给Tom写一封邮件，帮助他走出困境。 注意： 1. 内容必须包含所有信息。 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 3. 词数为80左右。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ( 1 / 2 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年下学期八年级英语期末 单元复习重难清单+强化训练(外研版2024) Unit 2 Growing pains and gains 目录 第一部分 单元重难知识清单 核心词汇、重点短语、核心句式、语法要点、写作/阅读词句拓展、写作范文 第二部分 单元综合强化训练 单项选择、完形填空、阅读理解、语法填空、阅读表达、选词填空、完成句子、书面表达 ◇Part 01 单元重难知识清单 1.核心词汇 promise 承诺；答应 例句：I promise to go home before nine. 我承诺九点前回家。 realise 意识到；明白 例句：He realised he left his phone at his friend's home. 他意识到自己把手机落在朋友家了。 interrupt 打断（说话） 例句：Please don't interrupt others when they are talking. 别人讲话时请不要打断。 notice 注意到；察觉 例句：I noticed an old woman standing by the road. 我注意到一位老奶奶站在路边。 attach 系上；附着 例句：A card is attached to the bag. 包上系着一张卡片。 check 查看；检查 例句：She checked the information on the paper carefully. 她仔细查看了纸上的信息。 allow 允许 例句：My parents don't allow me to stay out late. 我的父母不允许我晚归。 hide 隐藏；躲藏 例句：They hide gifts in the bedroom every year. 他们每年都把礼物藏在卧室里。 spend 花费（时间/金钱） 例句：Don't spend too much time on phones. 不要花太多时间玩手机。 draw 吸引；拉 例句：Games always draw children's attention. 游戏总能吸引孩子们的注意力。 disagree 不同意；有分歧 例句：We sometimes disagree with our parents. 我们有时会和父母产生分歧。 accept 接受 例句：He can't accept others' different hobbies. 他无法接受别人与众不同的爱好。 suggest 建议；提议 例句：My friend suggested I try swimming. 我的朋友建议我试试游泳。 fail 失败；未能（做到） 例句：He failed to join the basketball team. 他没能入选篮球队。 worried 担心的；焦虑的 例句：Mum felt worried when I came home late. 我晚回家时妈妈很担心。 pale 苍白的 例句：The old woman looked pale in the cold wind. 那位老奶奶在寒风中脸色苍白。 cross 生气的；恼怒的 例句：My dad was cross with me for being late. 爸爸因为我迟到而生我的气。 disappointed 失望的；沮丧的 例句：I was disappointed about the bad result. 这个糟糕的结果让我很失望。 hurt 伤心的；受伤的 例句：She felt hurt because of the failure. 这次失败让她心里很难受。 different 不同的；有差异的 例句：Our hobbies are totally different. 我们的爱好完全不一样。 2.核心短语 grow up 长大；成长 例句：Growing up has both pains and gains. 成长有苦也有乐。 get along with 与……相处 例句：I get along well with my peers. 我和同龄人相处融洽。 keep promises 遵守承诺 例句：Everyone should keep promises. 每个人都应该遵守承诺。 stay out late 在外逗留到很晚 例句：Teenagers shouldn't stay out late alone. 青少年不应该独自晚归。 a deal is a deal 一言为定；说话算数 例句：You can't break the rule, a deal is a deal. 你不能违反规则，说话要算数。 head back 往回走 例句：We headed back home at half past eight. 我们八点半动身回家。 on one's way back 在某人回来的路上 例句：I met a stranger on my way back. 我在回来的路上遇到了一位陌生人。 pick up 取回；捡起 例句：I went to pick up my phone after helping the old lady. 帮完老奶奶后我去取回了手机。 be cross with 对……生气 例句：Don't be cross with your parents. 不要和父母闹脾气。 stay in touch with 与……保持联系 例句：Phones help us stay in touch with friends. 手机帮助我们和朋友保持联系。 cut off 切断；失去联系 例句：I was cut off from my friends without a phone. 没有手机，我和朋友们断了联系。 take away 转移；带走 例句：Bad habits take away our attention. 坏习惯会分散我们的注意力。 peer pressure 同辈压力 例句：Many teenagers face peer pressure. 很多青少年面临同辈压力。 leave out 被冷落；被排除在外 例句：No one wants to be left out. 没人想被大家冷落。 turn down 拒绝 例句：He turned down the strange advice. 他拒绝了这个奇怪的建议。 try out for 参加……选拔 例句：I tried out for the school basketball team. 我参加了校篮球队的选拔。 take one's mind off 转移注意力；忘掉 例句：Sports can take your mind off sadness. 运动能帮你排解难过。 fall in love with 爱上；喜欢上 例句：She fell in love with swimming soon. 她很快就爱上了游泳。 take a different turn 发生转变 例句：My life took a different turn after the failure. 这次失败后我的人生迎来了转变。 fall upon 降临；发生 例句：Difficulties may fall upon us anytime. 困难随时可能降临在我们身上。 at any stage 在任何阶段 例句：Failure may appear at any stage of life. 人生的任何阶段都可能遭遇失败。 all the time 一直；总是 例句：He practises basketball all the time. 他一直坚持练习篮球。 make friends 交朋友 例句：I made many new friends in the swimming club. 我在游泳俱乐部交到了很多新朋友。 look back 回顾；回首 例句：I like to look back on my childhood. 我喜欢回顾自己的童年。 deal with 应对；处理 例句：We should learn to deal with growing pains. 我们要学会应对成长的烦恼。 3.核心句型 Growing up can be exciting and difficult at the same time.成长既令人兴奋，又充满坎坷。(主语为动名词短语，表语用并列形容词描述事物特征。) What kinds of family problems have you met?你遇到过哪些家庭问题？(现在完成时特殊疑问句，询问过往经历。) How are you getting along with your peers?你和同龄人相处得怎么样？(固定搭配get along with，用于询问人际关系。) Do you remember your promise?你还记得自己的承诺吗？(一般现在时一般疑问句，日常交际常用句型。) I promised to be back before nine tonight.我承诺今晚九点前回来。(promise to do sth. 承诺做某事。) On my way back, I realised that my phone was at my friend's house.在回来的路上，我意识到手机落在了朋友家。(that引导宾语从句，主句+从句的复合句结构。) She said she was lost.她说她迷路了。(宾语从句，主句过去时，从句时态随之变化。) I'm sorry for being cross with you.我为对你发脾气感到抱歉。(be sorry for doing sth. 为做某事而道歉。) I'm very proud of you.我为你感到骄傲。(be proud of sb./sth. 为……感到自豪。) You can't just take my phone away.你不能就这样收走我的手机。(情态动词can't 表示不允许、不同意。) It helps me stay in touch with my friends after school.它帮我在放学后和朋友们保持联系。(help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事。) Too much of your time is spent on your phone.你花了太多时间玩手机。(一般过去时被动语态常用句型。) We need quality family time, too.我们也需要温馨的家庭时光。(need 后接名词，表达需求。) The problem was caused by our misunderstanding.这个问题是由我们的误会造成的。(be caused by 由……引起。) Many teens have experienced peer pressure.许多青少年都经历过同辈压力。(现在完成时，强调经历过某事。) They sometimes do things just because they don't want to be left out.他们有时做事只是不想被大家冷落。(because引导原因状语从句。) I tried out for the basketball team, but I failed.我参加了篮球队选拔，但是落选了。(but连接并列句，表转折关系。) Why not try something else?为什么不试试别的呢？(提建议的经典句型 Why not do sth.) Failure is a part of life.失败是人生的一部分。(主系表结构，用于表达观点。) When one door closes, another opens.一扇门关闭，就会有另一扇门打开（天无绝人之路）。(时间状语从句，励志常用句式。) 4.单元语法：一般过去时的被动语态 1.基本结构 肯定句：主语 + was/were + 动词过去分词 例句：The old woman was taken home by a policewoman. 一位女警察把老奶奶送回了家。 否定句：主语 + was/were + not + 动词过去分词 例句：The promise was not kept. 承诺没有被遵守。 一般疑问句：Was/Were + 主语 + 动词过去分词 例句：Was the phone picked up? 手机被取回来了吗？ 2.使用场景 本单元主要用于描述过去发生的成长挑战、事件，侧重强调动作的承受者，不突出动作发出者；若需要点明动作执行者，用 by 引出。 3.主谓一致规则 主语为单数/不可数名词，用 was；主语为复数名词/代词，用 were。 例句1：A yellow band was attached to her wrist.（单数主语，用was） 例句2：Many gifts were hidden in the room.（复数主语，用were） 4.主动语态变被动语态步骤 ① 把主动句宾语改为被动句主语；② 谓语动词改为 was/were + 过去分词；③ 主动句主语用 by 引出（可省略）。 例：主动：Mum turned down his idea. 被动：His idea was turned down by mum. 他的想法被妈妈拒绝了。 5.阅读/写作必备词句 1.必备词汇 growth 成长 trouble 烦恼 courage 勇气 confidence 自信 mistake 错误 responsibility 责任 relationship 关系 opinion 看法 experience 经历 lesson 教训 2.必备句式 I had a disagreement with my parents. 我和父母发生了争执。 We argued about my coming home late. 我们因为我晚归而争吵。 After this disagreement, I learnt a lot. 这次争执过后，我学到了很多。 Growing up is full of pains and gains. 成长充满了苦与收获。 I once went through a hard time with my family. 我曾经和家人经历过一段艰难的时光。 I gradually understood my parents' love. 我渐渐理解了父母的爱。 We should communicate more with our parents. 我们应该多和父母沟通。 Every failure makes me become stronger. 每一次失败都让我变得更强大。 I learn to face difficulties bravely. 我学会勇敢面对困难。 Communication helps improve family relationship. 沟通有助于改善家庭关系。 6.写作范文 I once had a big disagreement with my parents, and it became a special growing experience for me. Last Friday, I promised to go home before seven o'clock. However, I played basketball with my classmates after school and forgot the time. When I got home, it was nearly eight. My parents were very worried and a little angry. They thought I didn't keep my promise and cared little about their feelings. I felt upset and argued with them loudly. The whole room was full of bad atmosphere. Later that night, I calmed down and thought about my mistake. I said sorry to my parents sincerely. I told them I would never break my promise again. My parents also softened their attitudes and told me they just worried about my safety. From this experience, I learnt that communication is very important between parents and children. We should understand each other and always keep our promises. This small quarrel didn't hurt our relationship. On the contrary, it made our family closer. Growing up means learning to be responsible and thoughtful. 译文: 我曾经和父母发生过一次激烈的争执，这也成为了我一段特别的成长经历。 上周五，我承诺七点之前回家。可放学后我和同学们打篮球，忘记了时间。等我到家时，已经快八点了。父母又担心又生气，他们觉得我不守承诺，也不在意他们的感受。我心里很委屈，还大声和他们争吵起来，家里的气氛变得很糟糕。 那天晚上晚些时候，我冷静下来，意识到了自己的错误。我诚恳地向父母道歉，保证以后再也不违背承诺。父母也缓和了情绪，告诉我他们只是担心我的安全。 通过这件事，我明白了亲子之间沟通十分重要。我们要互相理解，坚守承诺。这次小小的争吵并没有破坏我们的关系，反而让一家人变得更加亲密。成长，就是学会承担责任、学会体谅他人。 ◇Part 02 单元综合检测试卷 Unit 2 单元综合检测试题 一、单项选择 1．—Why did you turn down the offer? —The job wasn’t ________ enough for me. I wanted something more creative. A．pleasant B．challenging C．typical D．practical 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你为什么拒绝了这个工作邀请？——这份工作对我来说不够具有挑战性。我想要更有创意的工作。 pleasant令人愉快的；challenging具有挑战性的；typical典型的；practical实际的。根据“I wanted something more creative”可知说话人想要更有创意的工作，推测出之前的工作不够具有挑战性，应填challenging。 2．—I’ve tried my best. But ________ are my parents satisfied with my progress. —Your parents are too strict. You should talk to them. A．by all means B．by no means C．in any case D．at all costs 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——我已经尽了最大努力。但是我的父母一点也不满意我的进步。——你父母太严格了。你应该和他们谈谈。 by all means务必；by no means决不；in any case无论如何；at all costs不惜任何代价。根据“But”可知前后句意转折，虽然尽力了，但父母不满意。结合倒装结构“are my parents”，可知需填否定意义的短语。by no means，位于句首时句子要用部分倒装，符合语境和语法结构。所以选B。 3．The students in our school ________ how to deal with stress from studies yesterday. A．taught B．should teach C．will taught D．were taught 【答案】D 【解析】句意：昨天，我们学校的学生被教导如何应对学习压力。 根据“yesterday”可知，句子时态是一般过去时；主语“The students in our school”与动词“teach”之间是被动关系，即“学生被教导”，应用被动语态，结构为“were + 过去分词”。 4．—I’m very worried about the exam. —Don’t be so ________. Everything will be fine. A．excited B．nervous C．relaxed D．surprised 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——我很担心考试。——别这么紧张。一切都会好的。 excited兴奋的；nervous紧张的；relaxed放松的；surprised惊讶的。根据“I’m very worried about the exam.”可知说话者很担心，结合答语“Everything will be fine.”可知，是在安慰对方不要紧张，所以选nervous。 5．—I don’t know how to deal with my growing pains. —________ talk with your parents? They can help you. A．Why not B．Why don’t C．What about D．Let’s 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——我不知道如何处理我的成长烦恼。——为什么不和你的父母谈谈呢？他们可以帮助你。 根据空格后接动词原形“talk”及句末问号可知，此处应用表示建议的疑问句型。Why not后接动词原形；Why don’t后需加主语；What about后接动名词；Let’s后接动词原形但通常用于陈述句。因此应填Why not。 6．—________ the novel ________ by the young writer before she went abroad? —Yes, and it was very successful. A．Did; write B．Was; written C．Has; been written D．Is; written 【答案】B 【解析】——这本小说是那位年轻作家在出国前写的吗？——是的，而且它非常成功。 句中before she went abroad是过去时间，且小说是“被写”，结构为was/were+过去分词，应填Was; written。 7．The old man felt great _______ when he heard the bad news. A．pain B．hurt C．ache D．wound 【答案】A 【解析】句意：当这位老人听到这个坏消息时，他感到非常痛苦。 考查名词辨析。pain疼痛，痛苦，可指身体或精神上的；hurt伤害，伤痛，多指情感或身体受伤；ache疼痛，多指身体局部持续隐痛；wound伤口，多指外伤。根据句意，老人听到坏消息后感到的是精神上的“痛苦”，且空格前有great修饰，应用不可数名词pain。故选A。 8．Don’t worry. You won’t be ________ in the group activity. A．left out B．cut off C．taken off D．put off 【答案】A 【解析】句意：别担心，你不会在小组活动中被忽略。 考查动词短语辨析。left out被忽略；cut off被切断；taken off被脱下/起飞；put off被推迟。根据前文“Don’t worry”和语境“in the group activity”可知，此处表示“不会被忽视或排除在活动之外”，left out 符合句意。故选A。 9．My growing pressure is stronger than ________ on my deskmate. But I know it can bring me gains. A．it B．that C．this D．one 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我不断增大的压力比我同桌的更重。但我知道它能给我带来收获。 考查代词辨析。it它，指代同一事物；that那个，常用于比较结构中替代不可数名词或单数可数名词，避免重复；this这个，通常指代近处的事物或下文要提到的事物，不用于比较结构中；one一个，泛指同类中的一个。句中“pressure”为不可数名词，需用“that”替代“the pressure of my deskmate”。故选B。 10．—Mom, could you tell me ________we used to visit my grandparents every week? —They were always happy to see us. A．why B．what C．where D．how 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——妈妈，你能告诉我为什么我们以前每周都去看望我的祖父母吗？——他们看到我们总是很高兴。 考查宾语从句的引导词辨析。why为什么；what什么；where哪里；how如何。根据答句“They were always happy to see us.”可知，问句是在询问原因，即“为什么以前每周都去看望祖父母”。故选A。 11．—We all wonder ________. —Without my friends’ support, I couldn’t get the prize. A．if you did a good job B．how you succeeded C．that you did so well D．why were you successful 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——我们都想知道你是如何成功的。——没有朋友们的支持，我不可能获奖。 考查宾语从句。根据“We all wonder ...”可知，此处为宾语从句，应用陈述语序，排除D；根据答语“Without my friends’ support, I couldn’t get the prize.”可知，问句是询问成功的方式或过程，应用how引导的宾语从句，排除A和C。故选B。 12．My parents were ________ that I didn’t do well in the exam. I promised them I would study harder next time. A．disappointed B．worried C．lively D．elderly 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我的父母对我考试没考好感到失望。我向他们保证下次会更加努力学习。 考查形容词辨析。disappointed失望的；worried担心的；lively活泼的；elderly年老的。根据后句“I promised them I would study harder next time.”可知，父母是因为考试没考好而感到失望，而不是担心、活泼或年老。故选A。 13．The two friends had a(n) ________ over where to go for the holiday. One wanted to go to the beach, and the other preferred the mountains. A．agreement B．disagreement C．achievement D．payment 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这两个朋友在假期去哪里玩的问题上发生了分歧。一个想去海滩，另一个更喜欢山区。 考查名词辨析。agreement同意；disagreement分歧；achievement成就；payment付款。根据后文“One wanted to go to the beach, and the other preferred the mountains.”可知，两人意见不一致，因此是产生了分歧。故选B。 14．Time waits for no man. But some people won’t ________ the importance of time until it’s gone. A．show B．realize C．expect D．discuss 【答案】B 【解析】句意：时间不等人。但有些人直到时间逝去才会意识到它的重要性。 考查动词辨析。show展示；realize意识到；expect期望；discuss讨论。根据“won’t … the importance of time until it’s gone”可知，此处强调“意识到时间的重要性”，故选B。 15．It is quite a ________ action to laugh at others. It’s also very impolite. A．kind B．silly C．wise D．ugly 【答案】B 【解析】句意：嘲笑别人是一种很愚蠢的行为。这也是非常不礼貌的。 考查形容词辨析。kind体贴的；silly愚蠢的；wise明智的；ugly丑陋的。根据“It is quite a ... action to laugh at others.”可知，此处表示“愚蠢的”。故选B。 16．________ arrive there before noon, they started early. A．As soon as B．As a result C．In order to D．According to 【答案】C 【解析】句意：为了在中午之前到达那里，他们早早出发了。 考查短语辨析。As soon as一……就……；As a result因此；In order to为了；According to依据。根据“arrive there before noon, they started early”可知，他们很早就出发的目的是为了在中午前到达那里。故选C。 17．A ________ works in a shop and helps people with money matters. A．nurse B．policeman C．cashier D．farmer 【答案】C 【解析】句意：收银员在商店工作，帮助人们处理金钱事务。 nurse护士；policeman警察；cashier收银员；farmer农民。根据“works in a shop”（在商店工作）和“helps people with money matters”（帮助人们处理金钱事务）可知，此职业负责收款结账，cashier符合语境。 18．—Can I do the homework tomorrow instead, Mum? —No way. All your homework ________ today. A．must finish B．need finish C．must be finished D．may be finished 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——妈妈，我可以明天再做作业吗？——不行。你所有的作业今天必须完成。 考查情态动词的被动语态。must finish必须完成，主动语态；need finish需要完成，need作情态动词时后接动词原形，但此处主语是“作业”，应用被动语态；must be finished必须被完成；may be finished可能被完成。根据题干可知，妈妈拒绝推迟作业，强调“作业今天必须被完成”，主语“All your homework”是动作的承受者，需用被动语态（must be done），且语气强硬。故选C。 19．Many traditional crafts ________ at the art festival last month, and they ________ by lots of visitors. A．showed; were liked B．were shown; liked C．were shown; were liked D．showed; liked 【答案】C 【解析】句意：上个月的艺术节上展示了许多传统手工艺品，它们受到了许多游客的喜爱。 考查被动语态。第一个空，根据时间状语“last month”可知，句子应用一般过去时，且主语“Many traditional crafts”与动词“show”之间是被动关系，表示“被展示”，因此用一般过去时的被动语态“were shown”；第二个空，主语“they”指代“Many traditional crafts”，与动词“like”之间也是被动关系，表示“被喜爱”，同样用一般过去时的被动语态“were liked”。故选C。 20．—I’m sorry I can’t go to the movies with you tonight. I have to finish my homework. —________. Maybe we can go another time. A．Well done B．Of course C．Sounds good D．Never mind 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——对不起，今晚我不能和你一起去看电影了。我得完成我的作业。——没关系。也许我们可以改天再去。 考查情境交际。Well done做得好；Of course当然；Sounds good听起来不错；Never mind没关系/别介意。根据上文“I’m sorry I can’t go...”表示道歉，以及答语“Maybe we can go another time.”可知，此处应表示“没关系”来回应对方的歉意。故选D。 二、完形填空 阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Last week, our science group had an important experiment (实验) for the final exam. Our 21 was to finish it well and get a good grade. Because of the great pressure from the exam, I was too nervous to 22 my hands. When we started, I made a big mistake by adding the wrong chemical (化学制品) carelessly. Everyone was shocked. I felt upset and 23 at once. Though my group members said nothing 24 , I knew clearly it was all my fault. I stayed 25 in the corner, full of anger at my own carelessness. I didn’t know how to 26 the terrible situation. I was afraid they would never forgive me for making us fail. Later, our group leader came to me and gave me some good 27 patiently. He told me not to have 28 thoughts and to behave bravely. I decided to apologize to the whole group. To my surprise, they 29 me easily. They said we were a team and would try again together. Together, we did the experiment carefully again and finally succeeded. I’m truly 30 for them. Though I made a mistake, they didn't give up on me. Now I’m proud of our team. I learned to face mistakes bravely. 21．A．purpose B．pleasure C．joke D．reason 22．A．wash B．clean C．control D．remind 23．A．excited B．hungry C．positive D．sorry 24．A．interesting B．hurtful C．beautiful D．helpful 25．A．alone B．loudly C．carefully D．slowly 26．A．deal with B．wait for C．come over D．look after 27．A．information B．progress C．advice D．trouble 28．A．popular B．negative C．important D．public 29．A．forgave B．protected C．researched D．left 30．A．afraid B．comfortable C．surprised D．thankful 【答案】 21．A 22．C 23．D 24．B 25．A 26．A 27．C 28．B 29．A 30．D 【解析】本文讲述了作者在科学实验考试中因紧张犯错，感到内疚，但在组长建议和组员包容下，勇敢面对并最终成功的故事。 21．句意：我们的目标是顺利完成实验并取得好成绩。 后文“to finish it well and get a good grade”说明这是团队要达成的目标，purpose“目标”符合语境，pleasure“快乐”、joke“玩笑”、reason“理由”均不合理。 22．句意：因为考试的巨大压力，我紧张得无法控制自己的双手。 “too nervous to control my hands”意为“紧张得无法控制双手”，control“控制”符合语境，wash“洗”、clean“清洁”、remind“提醒”均不符合。 23．句意：我立刻感到沮丧和愧疚。 前文提到“I made a big mistake”，后文“I knew clearly it was all my fault”说明作者因自己的错误而感到愧疚，sorry“愧疚的/难过的”符合语境，excited“兴奋的”、hungry“饥饿的”、positive“积极的”均不符合。 24．句意：虽然我的组员们没有说什么伤人的话。 作者犯了错，担心组员责怪，但组员没有说话伤害他，hurtful“伤人的”符合语境，interesting“有趣的”、beautiful“美丽的”、helpful“有帮助的”均不合理。 25．句意：我独自待在角落里，对自己的粗心大意充满了愤怒。 前文“I stayed”和“in the corner”以及后文“full of anger at my own carelessness”说明作者因自责而独自待在角落，alone“独自的”符合语境，loudly“大声地”、carefully“仔细地”、slowly“缓慢地”均为副词且不符合句意。 26．句意：我不知道如何应对这个糟糕的局面。 作者因犯错不知道如何处理困境，deal with“应对/处理”符合语境，wait for“等待”、come over“过来”、look after“照顾”均不合理。 27．句意：后来，组长来到我身边，耐心地给了我一些好建议。 后文组长告诉作者“not to have negative thoughts and to behave bravely”，这是给的建议，advice“建议”符合语境，information“信息”、progress“进步”、trouble“麻烦”均不符合。 28．句意：他告诉我不要有消极的想法，要勇敢地行动。 作者因自责而沮丧，组长劝他不要有消极想法，negative“消极的”符合语境，popular“流行的”、important“重要的”、public“公共的”均不合理。 29．句意：令我惊讶的是，他们轻易地原谅了我。 作者道歉后组员表示“we were a team and would try again together”，说明他们原谅了作者，forgave“原谅”符合语境，protected“保护”、researched“研究”、left“离开”均不合理。 30．句意：我真的很感激他们。 作者犯错后组员没有放弃他，因此他心存感激，thankful“感激的”符合语境，afraid“害怕的”、comfortable“舒适的”、surprised“惊讶的”均不符合。 三、阅读理解 A Please read my blog. I’m Alice, 28, a school counselor (顾问) from Canada. Part I Check out (查看) this list. If you have some or many of these symptoms (症状) for most of the time during the last two weeks, then it’s time for you to do something. ●Feeling hopeless with nothing to look forward to. ●Not interested in anything. ●Crying and not knowing why. ●Feeling lonely and that nobody cares about you. ●Feeling angry or anxious. ●Staying away from people you usually enjoy being with. Spending more time alone in your room. Part II What you can do. ⊙Talk to your parents, grandparents, teachers or school counselors. No one can get help unless they talk to others about their problems. ⊙Keep on doing all the normal things in life, like going to school, doing housework and getting lots of exercise. ⊙... 31．The underlined word “anxious” means “feeling ________”. A．happy B．interested C．worried D．normal 32．Part I is to find out if ________. A．we have problems B．we’re common people C．we have fun at school D．we have best friends 33．Where do you think this passage is from? A．A diary B．A guidebook. C．A magazine. D．The Internet. 【答案】31．C 32．A 33．D 【解析】本文主要介绍了一些心理问题的症状以及应对方法。 31．根据文中Part I列举的症状列表，如“Feeling hopeless”、“Crying”、“Feeling lonely”等均为负面情绪。划线词anxious与angry并列，且属于同一类负面症状，因此可推测其意为“担忧的、焦虑的”，与选项C意思相近。 32．根据Part I中的句子“If you have some or many of these symptoms... then it’s time for you to do something.”可知，这部分内容是让读者对照清单，检查自己是否存在心理或情绪上的问题。 33．根据文章开头的句子“Please read my blog.”可知，这篇文章发布在博客上。博客（blog）是网络平台的一种内容形式，因此可以推断这篇文章来源于互联网。 B Do you often have fights with your parents? Many teenagers have this problem. As we grow up, we want more freedom, but parents always worry about us. They often tell us what to do and what not to do, which makes us upset. Here are some ways to get on well with parents. First, communicate with them often. Don’t keep silent when you have different ideas. You can talk to them calmly and explain your thoughts. Second, understand their love. Parents care about you all the time. Their strict rules are just to keep you safe. Third, do small things to help them. You can help with housework, cook meals or just say “I love you” to them. These small things can make your parents happy. Last, respect their opinions. Even if you don’t agree with them, don’t argue loudly. You can say “I’ll think about it” instead of fighting. Remember, parents are the people who love you most in the world. Good communication is the key to a good parent-child relationship. 34．What’s the main problem for teenagers in the passage? A．Having fights with parents. B．Having too much homework. C．Having health problems. D．Having no friends. 35．How many ways does the writer give to get on well with parents? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six. 36．What should you do when you have different ideas with parents? A．Keep silent. B．Argue loudly. C．Talk calmly and explain. D．Do whatever you want. 37．Which is NOT mentioned as a small thing to help parents? A．Help with housework. B．Cook meals. C．Buy expensive gifts. D．Say “I love you”. 38．What is the key to a good parent-child relationship? A．Freedom. B．Good communication. C．Strict rules. D．Much money. 【答案】34．A 35．B 36．C 37．C 38．B 【解析】本文是一篇议论文，主要围绕青少年常和父母发生争吵的问题展开，介绍了四种和父母和睦相处的方法，倡导青少年学会沟通、体谅父母。 【解析】34．文章开篇第一、二句 “Do you often have fights with your parents? Many teenagers have this problem.” 点明青少年的主要问题是和父母吵架。 35．根据文章主体部分可知，作者提出了四条建议“First, communicate with them often; Second, understand their love; Third, do small things to help them; Last, respect their opinions”。共计四条。 36．原文第二段“Don’t keep silent when you have different ideas. You can talk to them calmly and explain your thoughts.” 说明意见不一致时要冷静沟通、阐明想法。 37．原文第二段“You can help with housework, cook meals or just say ‘I love you’ to them” 提到三件小事。“Buy expensive gifts” 文中没有提及。 38．文章末尾“Good communication is the key to a good parent-child relationship.” 点明良好沟通是维系亲子关系的关键。 C Growing up is a process of change and growth. It is not just about getting older, but also about becoming a better person. During our growth, we will experience many changes, such as physical changes, emotional changes and mental changes. Physical changes are the clearest. As we grow up, our bodies will become stronger and more mature. For example, boys will have deeper voices and girls will have different body shapes. These changes are normal and are part of growing up. Emotional changes are also common during growth. We may feel happy, sad, excited or worried more easily. We may start to care more about what others think of us. ________ These emotions are normal, and we should learn to deal with them properly. Mental changes are important too. We will become more able to do things by ourselves and start to think more deeply about life and the world around us. We will learn to make our own decisions and be responsible for our actions. This helps us grow into mature and responsible adults. Growing up can be challenging, but it is also a wonderful journey. It allows us to discover who we are and what we want to be. By accepting the changes and facing the challenges bravely, we can grow into the best ourselves. 39．Which of the following is NOT a type of change mentioned in Paragraph 1? A．Social changes. B．Emotional changes. C．Mental changes. D．Physical changes. 40．What does the underlined word “mature” mean in Paragraph 2? A．Childish. B．Grown-up. C．Weak. D．Young. 41．Which of the following can be put in “________” in Paragraph 3? A．We may start to stay up late at night. B．We may have more fights with our parents. C．We may learn to play a new instrument. D．We may become much taller and stronger. 42．Which of the following pictures is related to mental changes? A． B． C． D． 43．What is the best title for this passage? A．Ways to Make Good Friends B．Physical Changes in Teens C．Fights with Parents at Home D．The Changes of Growing Up 【答案】39．A 40．B 41．B 42．C 43．D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍成长过程包含身体、情绪、心智三类变化，分别阐述各类变化的具体表现，点明成长虽有挑战但也是美好的历程。 39．原文第一段“such as physical changes, emotional changes and mental changes”，明确提到成长中的变化包括身体变化、情绪变化、心智变化，没有提到社会变化。 40．第二段“As we grow up, our bodies will become stronger and more mature.”，划线词mature处于描述身体成长的语境中，后文举例变声、身材改变都是成长成熟的表现，mature意思是“成熟的”，和grown-up同义。 41．第三段主题是成长中的情绪变化，B选项“和父母争吵”属于情绪相关表现。 42．第四段说明心智变化指成长中变得更独立，开始深度思考生活与世界。图1量身高属于身体变化，图2和父母争吵属于情绪变化，图3男孩独自思考学习，符合心智变化的描述，图4踢足球是体育运动，因此选C。 43．根据文章第一段“Growing up is a process of change and growth...such as physical changes, emotional changes and mental changes.”及结合文章内容可知，全文围绕成长里身体、情绪、心智三类变化展开，D选项“The Changes of Growing Up”最能概括全文主旨。 D People usually feel excited when they go on vacation. But most people feel blue when coming home after travelling. And this feeling is called post-vacation blues. If you feel blue after travelling, here are some ways to help you get out of this bad feeling. Give yourself a week to relax first. You don’t need to think what to do next and just be relaxed. You can show your pet some love if you have one, watch your favourite TV shows or listen to relaxing music. After a week, do something useful and keep yourself busy. For example, when I came back from Europe, I felt blue because I didn’t have a job and was living with my parents. So I decided to find a job and make myself busy. If you don’t need a job, just try something like painting your room or tidying your house. You can also do exercise, learn to cook, visit your friends and just do anything you want! It’s also a good idea to make a photo book and plan your next trip. Your photos taken on vacation help you remember the good times you had. And you can plan to take another trip. Just like Elbert Hubbard said, “No man needs a vacation so much as the man who has just had one.” Next time when you feel blue, remember to try these ways. You’ll find going back to the real life is not so terrible as you think. 44．Which of the following is NOT suggested for post-vacation blues? A．Buying a new pet. B．Painting your room. C．Planning your next trip. D．Watching your favourite TV shows. 45．Why does the writer mention Elbert Hubbard’s saying? A．To encourage people to take a long vacation B．To prove that the writer is full of rich knowledge C．To show that each person needs to have a nice vacation. D．To explain why planning the next trip cheers people up. 46．Which is the right structure of the passage? A．①②/③④/⑤ B．①/②③/④⑤ C．①/②③④/⑤ D．①②/③/④⑤ 【答案】44．A 45．D 46．C 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍假期结束后很多人会出现“假期后低落情绪”，并给出三种缓解这种坏心情的实用方法，最后总结鼓励人们试着用这些方式调整心态。 44．文章第二段明确提到：“You can show your pet some love if you have one, watch your favourite TV shows or listen to relaxing music.”，第三段提到：“just try something like painting your room or tidying your house.”，第四段提到：“It’s also a good idea to make a photo book and plan your next trip.”，由此可知文中只建议陪伴自家已有宠物，并没有提到购买新宠物，其余三项都是文中给出的建议，因此该项正确。 45．文章第四段先建议制作相册、规划下一次旅行，随后引用名人名言，由此可知作者引用这句话是为了佐证解释规划下次旅行能让人心情变好，其余选项不符合文章表达意图，因此该项正确。 46．文章第一段引出节后低落情绪并引出解决办法，第二、三、四段依次介绍缓解低落情绪的具体方式，最后一段总结建议大家尝试这些方法调整心态，整体采用总起、分述、总结的行文思路，文章结构为①/②③④/⑤。 E It is normal to feel a bit nervous about exams if you’re under pressure from school or family. Exam stress can cause you to feel nervous or depressed, and this might influence your sleeping or eating habits. 47 Here are some things you can do. Open up to others. Firstly, let your trusted friends and family know if you’re having a hard time. They can be there to support you, encourage you and offer good advice. 48 Keeping it all to yourself will only make things worse, so don’t be afraid to open up. Learn to get help. Secondly, think about all the practical support you need, and be honest with yourself about it. You are allowed to ask for help. 49 Tell your teachers about your worries. They may have talked to lots of students who are going through similar things, so they can give you some helpful advice. 50 One more thing you can do is to be proud of yourself. Think about all the things you have achieved so far. It can be helpful to write lots of things you like about yourself, and the things other people value about you, too. Do breathing exercises. Deep breathing can help relax both your mind and body. We can breathe deeply through our nose, then blow slowly through our mouth. 51 If you follow the things above, I’m sure you will never be worried about exams. A．Sleeping for a long time is of no use for your worries. B．Your teachers are a good choice. C．You don’t have to go through all the worries alone. D．If you have any of these feelings or worries about exam pressure, you are not alone. E．Unluckily, we can’t get lots of help from our teachers. F．This can be a useful way to help you relaxed and less stressed. G．Take pride in yourself. 【答案】47．D 48．C 49．B 50．G 51．F 【解析】本文主要介绍了考试压力会给人带来情绪、饮食睡眠的负面影响，介绍了向他人倾诉、主动求助、自我肯定、呼吸放松四种缓解考试压力的实用方法，帮助考生应对考试焦虑。 47．上文描述了考试压力带来的紧张、抑郁及睡眠饮食影响等感受，下文紧接着说“这里有一些你可以做的事情”。D选项“If you have any of these feelings or worries about exam pressure, you are not alone.”承上启下，既呼应了上文的感受，又安慰了读者，自然引出下文的建议。 48．该段主题是向他人敞开心扉，后文说明独自憋闷只会让事情更糟，C选项“You don’t have to go through all the worries alone.”与上下文逻辑一致，强调了寻求支持、不独自承受的重要性。 49．该段主题是寻求帮助，后文提到可以告诉老师你的困扰，B选项“Your teachers are a good choice.”能够自然引出下文关于老师的具体建议，逻辑通顺。 50．此处需要段落小标题，后文核心内容是要为自己的成就感到骄傲，G选项“Take pride in yourself.”符合段落主题。 51．该段介绍深呼吸放松法，前文说明了深呼吸的做法，F选项“This can be a useful way to help you relaxed and less stressed.”指出了呼吸练习的好处，符合语境。 四、任务型阅读 根据短文内容，按要求回答问题。 When did you get your first smartphone? Although smartphones can be useful, owning one too early is not a good idea. A new study found that getting a smartphone before the age of 13 may be harmful to people’s mental (心理的) health. Researchers asked over 100,000 people around the world about their phone use. Some people aged 18-24 got their first smartphone at age 12 or younger. It’s more common for them to have mental health problems as adults (成年人). For example, they might often feel lonely, angry, or have sad thoughts as they grow up. One of the key reasons behind these problems may be easy access (接触) to social media. Although most apps set the rule that users should be at least 13 years old, not everyone follows the rule. At the same time, the age of owning the first smartphone continues to fall. In fact, 89％of 12-year-old British kids own a smartphone and the average age of getting one’s first phone is nine. Many children spend hours a day on their phones. This can cause sleep problems and do harm to family relationships. As AI and technology become part of life, they also create more challenges for face-to-face communication. All of these can influence one’s mental health. A team of experts are calling for action to protect young kids’ mental health. They think parents and teachers should make rules about phone use for kids and teach them how to use technology safely. Teenagers should also find a balance between using technology and taking care of their mind and body. This will help build a healthier future for young people. 52．What is the new study mainly about? 53．Who is more likely to have mental health problems as adults? 54．According to paragraph 4, how does the writer feel about kids’ phone use now? 55．Who should play a part in protecting young kids’ mental health? 56．What other harms do you think early phone use can cause? (write down 2 points) 【答案】52．Getting a smartphone before the age of 13 may be harmful to mental health. 53．People aged 18-24 who got their first smartphone at age 12 or younger. 54．Worried/Concerned. 55．Parents, teachers and teenagers. 56．Poor eyesight and less exercise. 【解析】本文探讨了过早使用智能手机对青少年心理健康的负面影响，并提出了保护措施。 52．文中提到“A new study found that getting a smartphone before the age of 13 may be harmful to people’s mental health.”，说明这项新研究主要关于“13岁前使用智能手机对心理健康的危害”。 53．文中提到“Some people aged 18-24 got their first smartphone at age 12 or younger. It’s more common for them to have mental health problems as adults.”，说明“18-24岁中12岁及以下就拥有第一部智能手机的人”，成年后更容易出现心理健康问题。 54．文中提到“This can cause sleep problems and do harm to family relationships. As AI and technology become part of life, they also create more challenges for face-to-face communication. All of these can influence one’s mental health.”，能看出作者对孩子们的手机使用现状是担忧的（Worried/Concerned）。 55．文中提到“parents and teachers should make rules about phone use for kids... Teenagers should also find a balance…”，说明家长、老师和青少年自身都应参与保护。 56．结合生活常识，过早使用手机还可能导致视力下降、缺乏锻炼、沉迷网络、影响社交能力等问题，写出两点即可。 五、选词填空 阅读下面的短文,根据短文内容,从下面方框内所给11个词中选择10个意义相符的词,必要时进行词形变化和时态变化,填入空白处。 play   be   protect  solve    feel    set   bully (欺凌)  write  give  realize   listen A shy boy in Xi’an is a responsible class monitor. In his third grade, he 57 because his classmates 58 “Joker” on his uniform while he 59 to the teacher carefully. He 60 terrible, but he didn’t speak to his mother until two days later. He decided 61 the problem himself. At a class meeting, he stood calmly before the class and asked them how they’d feel if laughed at like that. He reminded everyone that he always tried his best 62 the class as monitor. What a brave and wise way! His words moved the bullies to tears, and they finally 63 their mistakes. The teacher praised him for 64 an example in facing bullying. His mother shared his courage online. Since then, the support for the boy 65 greater than expected. The video received over two million likes. Many people thanked the teacher and mother for supporting him. Certainly, the boy’s story 66 a role in encouraging more children to solve problems in a brave way in the future. 【答案】 57．was bullied 58．wrote 59．was listening 60．felt 61．to solve 62．to protect 63．realized 64．setting 65．has been 66．will play 【解析】本文讲述了西安一名男孩曾遭同学欺凌，但他没有退缩，独自冷静化解矛盾、感化同学。他勇敢理智的做法受到老师表扬和网友点赞，也将鼓励更多孩子勇敢正确地面对欺凌问题。 57．句意：三年级时，他被欺凌了，因为他的同学在他认真听老师讲课时在他的校服上写了“小丑”。此处主语“he”与“bully”是被动关系，且描述过去的事，用一般过去时的被动语态“was bullied”，符合“被欺凌”的语境。 58．句意：三年级时，他被欺凌了，因为他的同学在他认真听老师讲课时在他的校服上写了“小丑”。此处描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，write的过去式wrote“写”符合“在校服上写字”的语境。 59．句意：三年级时，他被欺凌了，因为他的同学在他认真听老师讲课时在他的校服上写了“小丑”。“while”引导的时间状语从句用过去进行时，结构为“was/were+现在分词”，主语“he”是单数，此处用listen的现在分词listening。 60．句意：他感觉很糟糕，但直到两天后才告诉妈妈。描述过去的感受，用一般过去时，feel的过去式felt“感觉”符合语境。 61．句意：他决定自己解决这个问题。“decide to do sth.”是固定结构，意为“决定做某事”，solve“解决”符合“自己解决欺凌问题”的语境，此处用动词不定式。 62．句意：他提醒大家，作为班长，他总是尽力保护班级。“try one’s best to do sth.”是固定结构，意为“尽力去做某事”，protect“保护”符合“班长的职责”的语境。此处用动词不定式。 63．句意：他的话让欺凌者感动得流泪，他们终于意识到了自己的错误。此处描述过去的动作，用一般过去时，realize的过去式realized“意识到”符合“认识到错误”的语境。 64．句意：老师表扬他在面对欺凌时树立了榜样。“praise sb. for doing sth.”是固定结构，set an example“树立榜样”符合语境，此处用set的动名词setting。 65．句意：从那以后，对这个男孩的支持比预期的更大。“Since then”提示用现在完成时，结构为“have/has+过去分词”，主语“the support”是单数，be的过去分词been，应填has been。 66．句意：当然，这个男孩的故事将在未来鼓励更多孩子勇敢解决问题方面发挥作用。“in the future”提示用一般将来时，“play a role in”是固定短语，此处用will play“将发挥”。 六、短文填空 阅读短文内容，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Anger is a kind of feeling. Many things can make you angry. When your teacher gives you too much homework, when your team loses 67 important game, when a friend borrows your favorite thing and then 68 (break) it, you may get really angry. Usually, your body will tell you when you are angry. For example, you breathe 69 (fast) than before, your face turns red, and you may want to break something or hit someone. But sometimes, you hide (隐藏) your anger 70 (quiet). For example, you may hide it 71 your heart. The problem is that if you do this, you may get a headache or your stomach may hurt. In fact, it’s not good to hide your anger, and it’s normal for you 72 (get) angry sometimes. But anger must be let out in the right way, without hurting others or 73 (you). When you get angry, you can talk about it with other people. It’s 74 (help) to talk about your anger with an adult, such as a parent, a teacher, etc. When you talk about anger, those bad 75 (feeling) can start to go away. Here are some other things you can do 76 you start to feel angry: talk to a good friend, count from 1 to 100, give someone a hug (拥抱), go for a bike ride, think about good things, etc. Remember that how you act when you are angry can make everything better or worse. Don’t let your anger control you. 【答案】 67．an 68．breaks 69．faster 70．quietly 71．in 72．to get 73．yourself 74．helpful 75．feelings 76．when 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了愤怒这种情绪的产生、表现，说明隐藏愤怒的危害，并给出了正确处理愤怒的方法，提醒人们不要被愤怒控制。 67．句意：当你的队伍输掉一场重要的比赛时。“game”是可数名词单数，空后的“important”以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an（一个），表示泛指。 68．句意：当一个朋友借了你最喜欢的东西然后把它弄坏时，你可能会变得很生气。由“borrows”可知句子时态为一般现在时，主语“a friend”是第三人称单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。 69．句意：举个例子，你的呼吸比以前更快。句中有“than”表示比较，需用副词fast的比较级。 70．句意：但有时你悄悄地隐藏你的愤怒。修饰动词“hide”需用副词。 71．句意：举个例子，你可能把它藏在心里。hide in one’s heart是固定搭配，表示“藏在心里”。 72．句意：有时候生气对你来说是正常的。it’s+形容词+for sb. to do sth.是固定句型，需用不定式作主语。 73．句意：不伤害别人也不伤害你自己。与“others”并列，表示伤害自己，需用反身代词yourself表示“你自己”。 74．句意：和成年人谈论你的愤怒是有帮助的。it’s+形容词+to do sth.是固定句型，此处表示和成年人谈论会有帮助，需用形容词helpful“有帮助的”。 75．句意：那些坏情绪会开始消失。“those”后接可数名词复数。 76．句意：当你开始感到生气时，你可以做一些其他的事情。“you start to feel angry”是时间背景，需用when引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”。 七、完成句子 77．他们可能很快就会被机器取代。 They may soon ________ ________ by machines. 【答案】 be replaced 【解析】原句中“被取代”是关键词，本句是含情态动词may的被动语态，结构为“情态动词+ be + 动词过去分词”；动词replace表示“取代”，被动语态中需要使用过去分词形式replaced。故填be；replaced。 78．昨天，一项艰巨的任务落在了他身上。 A difficult task ________ ________ him yesterday. 【答案】 fell on 【解析】原句中“落在了”是关键词，表示“落在”的短语是fall on。本句为一般过去时，应用动词的过去式。故填fell；on。 79．在他用光积蓄之后，他所有创办新公司的计划都化为泡影了。 All his plans to start a new company ________ ________ ________ after he used up his savings. 【答案】 fell to pieces 【解析】原句中 “化为泡影了” 是关键词，表示该含义的固定短语是fall to pieces；句中时间状语从句 “after he used up his savings” 为一般过去时，主句时态需保持一致，fall的过去式为fell，因此填fell；to；pieces。 80．当时那些令人心碎的话让我忍不住笑了出来。 I couldn’t ________ ________ ________ those heartbreaking words then. 【答案】 help laughing at 【解析】原句中“忍不住笑了出来”是关键词，“忍不住做某事”常见表达为“can’t help doing sth.” ，“笑”是laugh，“对……笑”用“laugh at” 。本句中couldn’t是情态动词can’t的过去式，其后接动词原形help，help后接动词的 -ing形式laughing。故填help；laughing；at。 81．我未能加入足球队，并为此感到失望。 I ________ ________ join the football team and I ________ ________ ________ it. 【答案】 failed to was disappointed about 【解析】原句中“未能”和“为……感到失望”是关键词，failed to是表示“未能做某事”的固定搭配，failed为fail的过去式，与句子整体过去时态呼应，对应句中“未能加入”的含义；was disappointed about是表示“对……感到失望”的固定搭配，was与主语I搭配，disappointed是形容词，对应句中“感到失望”的含义。 82．儿子气喘吁吁地跑进门。 The son ________ ________ the door , ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 runs through out of breath 【解析】句意：儿子气喘吁吁地跑进门。主语the son是第三人称单数，一般现在时中动词用第三人称单数形式runs；run through the door表示 “跑进门”；out of breath是固定短语，意为 “气喘吁吁”，在句中作伴随状语，说明主语跑进门时的状态。 83．她承诺帮我做作业。 She ________ ________ help me with my homework. 【答案】 promised to 【解析】对比中英文可知，空处缺少“承诺做某事”，其英文表达为promise to do，因为“承诺了要做某事”，此处应用一般过去时，动词promise用过去式。 84．有些人会质疑制定计划的意义，但是我会努力去履行。 Many people may question ________ ________ ________ making resolutions, but I’ll try to keep them. 【答案】 the meaning of 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺“……的意义”，the meaning of是固定短语，意为“……的意义”。故填the；meaning；of。 85．但很快，我爱上了这项运动。 But soon, I ________ ________ ________ ________ the sport. 【答案】 fell in love with 【解析】原句中“爱上”是关键词。根据汉语意思可知，这是发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式；表示“爱上”的短语为fall in love with，fall的过去式为fell。 86．过去他非常害羞以至于他很难与同学相处。 He used to be so shy that it was difficult for him to ________ ________ ________ his classmates. 【答案】 get along with 【解析】原句中“与……相处”是关键词，表示“与……相处”的短语是get along with。本句中“it was difficult for him to”后接动词原形，故填get；along；with。 八、书面表达 87．每个人在生活中都会遇到困难和压力。作为一名初二的学生Tom在网上发出一封求助帖。他最近学习压力很大，每天睡眠不足，在学校里朋友很少，遇到困难不知道向谁倾诉。假如你是李华，请给Tom写一封邮件，帮助他走出困境。 注意： 1. 内容必须包含所有信息。 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 3. 词数为80左右。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 Dear Tom, I’m sorry to hear that you’re having a hard time these days. Here is some advice for you. First, you can talk to your parents or teachers about your study pressure. They will give you useful suggestions. Second, try to make more friends by joining after-school activities. When you have friends, you can share your problems with them. Third, you should develop a good sleeping habit. Going to bed early and getting up early will help you feel better. I hope my advice can help you. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】写作步骤 ［第一步：审题立意］ 确定文体：电子邮件应用文，用一般现在时为主； 明确要点：表达理解和同情、给出（关于学习压力很大、每天睡眠不足、在学校里朋友很少和遇到困难不知道向谁倾诉的）建议； 确定人称：第二人称（you/your）； 注意事项：词数为80左右。 ［第二步：构思布局］ 三段式结构： 开头段：总起句，表达理解和同情，引出下文建议 主体段：分别给出关于学习压力很大、每天睡眠不足、在学校里朋友很少和遇到困难不知道向谁倾诉的建议 结尾段：总结，表达希望 ［第三步：要点展开］ 要点一：表达理解和同情并引出下文建议 表达理解和同情：I’m sorry to hear that/you’re having a hard time these days/I once had similar problems ... 引出下文建议：Here is some advice for you/My suggestions are... 要点二：给出建议 学习压力很大和遇到困难不知道向谁倾诉方面：talk to your parents or teachers about your study pressure/give you useful suggestions... 在学校里朋友很少方面：try to make more friends by joining after-school activities/share your problems with them/try to help others... 每天睡眠不足方面：develop a good sleeping habit/Going to bed early and getting up early/ask a doctor for help... ( 1 / 2 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $