选修3 Unit 9 Human Biology（课件PPT）-【金版新学案】2027年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（北师大版）

该高中英语高考复习课件聚焦北师大版选择性必修第三册Unit 9 Human Biology，依据高考评价体系梳理了词汇（核心/拓展单词、构词法）、句型（结果状语、宾语从句等）、阅读（细节理解、推理判断）、写作（应用文、读后续写）四大考查维度，通过近五年真题及模拟题分析，明确“熟词生义”“长难句分析”等高频考点权重，构建完整备考体系。 课件亮点在于“真题训练+素养提升”策略，如结合2024全国甲卷真题讲解comparison用法，用“现在分词作结果状语”句型解析2025北京卷阅读，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。特设“答题模板”和“易错陷阱警示”，助力学生掌握技巧，教师可据此精准教学，提升高考冲刺效率。

高三总复习讲义 北师大版 Unit 9 Human Biology 选择性必修 第三册 内容索引 03 巩固核心知识 02 探究必备知识 夯实语言基础 01 04 提升关键能力 05 单元测评 夯实语言基础 返回 1.marathon n． 马拉松赛跑 2.athletics n．　　 田径运动 3.vaccine n．　　 疫苗 4.resilience n．　　 恢复力，复原力，适应力 5.doping n．　　 使用违禁药物(以提高体育比赛的成绩) 6.clone vt．　　 克隆，使无性繁殖 n．　　 克隆动物或植物，无性繁殖的个体 7.mammal n．　　 哺乳动物 注： 表示该词的熟词生义。 Ⅰ．阅读单词 8.camel n．　　 骆驼 9.cattle n．　　 牛 10.goat n．　　 山羊 11.primate n．　　 灵长目动物 12.ape n．　　 猿 13.reproductive adj．　繁殖的，生殖的 14.provoke vt．　　 激起，引起 15.ethical adj．　　 关于伦理的；合乎道德的 16.inferior adj．　　 低级别的，下级的；差的，次的 17.curse n．　　 祸因，祸根；诅咒，咒语 18.atom n．　　 原子 19.organ n．　　 器官 20.impulse n．　　 (神经)冲动，(电)脉冲 21.crossword n．　　 纵横字谜，纵横填字游戏 22.intake n．　　 摄入量，摄取量 23.omega n．　　 欧米伽(希腊字母表的最后一个字母，即Ω，ω) 24.epidemic n．　　 传染病，流行病 25.virus n．　　 病毒 26.bacteria n．　　 细菌 27.baseline n．　　 (医学或科学中的)基线，准线 28.parallel n．　　 (不同地点或不同时间的两事物之间的)联系，相似 adj．　　 平行的 29.sample n．　　 样本，样品 vt．　　 品尝，尝试；对……做抽样调查 30.CE　　 公元(用于日期后) 31.lung n．　　 肺 32.mineral n．　　 矿物质；矿产 33.database n．　　 数据库，资料库 1.justify vt．　　 证明……有道理，为……辩护 2.barrier n．　　 障碍，壁垒 3.twin n．　　 双胞胎中的一个 4.forever adv．　　 永远；长久地 5.clue n．　　 线索，提示 6.crucial adj．　　 至关重要的，关键性的 7.bound adj．　　 很有可能，肯定会；一定的；(车、船等) 开往……的 vi．　　 跳跃 Ⅱ．核心单词 8.mere adj．　　 仅仅，只不过；极小的，极不重要的 9.abuse vt．　　 滥用，妄用；虐待 n．　　 滥用；虐待；谩骂 10.contain vt．　　 包含，容纳，装盛；抑制 11.zone n．　　 地区，地带 12.factor n．　　 因素，要素 13.officially adv．　　 官方地，正式地 14.widespread adj．　 分布广的，广泛流传的 15.symptom n．　　 症状；征兆，症候 16.bury vt．　　 埋葬，安葬；埋藏；使陷入 17.pose vt．　　 造成，引起，产生(问题、危险、困难等) vi．　　 (为画像、摄影)摆好姿势 n．　　 (为画像、拍照等而摆的)姿势，姿态；装腔作势 18.outbreak n．　　 (战争或疾病)爆发，突然发生 19.trial n．　　 试验；审判，审理 20.underline vt．　　 强调，使突出 ；在……之下画线 21.thorough adj．　　 彻底的，全面的，详尽的 22.paragraph n．　　 (文章的)段，段落 23.phenomenon n．　　现象 24.needle n．　　 针 25.victim n．　　 (袭击事件、抢劫事件或凶杀案的)受害者 1.biology n．生物学 →biological adj．生物的；生物学的 →biologist n．生物学家 2.capability n．(完成困难事情的)能力，才能 →capable adj．有能力的 →incapable adj．没有能力的 3.infer vt．推断，推定 →inference n．推断，推定 Ⅲ．拓展单词 4.calculate vt．计算，核算 →calculation n．计算，核算 →calculator n．计算器 5.physicist n．物理学家 →physics n．物理学 →physical adj．物理学的；身体的；物质的 6.innovate vi．& vt．革新，创新，改革 →innovation n．创新，革新 7.betterment n．(个人社会和经济地位的)改良，改善，提高 →better vt．改善，提高；超过；胜过 8.edit vi．& vt．编辑，编校；剪辑，剪接 →edition n．版本，版次 →editor n．编辑，主编 9.gene n．基因 →genetic adj．遗传学的，基因的 10.artificially adv．人为地，虚假地 →artificial adj．人造的；人工的；虚假的 11.comparison n．比较 →compare v．比较；比喻 →comparable adj．可比较的 →incomparable adj．不可比拟的 12.wholly adv．完全地 →whole adj．完全的 13.accurate adj．准确的，正确的 →inaccurate adj．不精确的，不准确的 →accurately adv．准确地 →accuracy n．准确性，准确度 14.treatment n．诊疗，治疗，疗法；对待方式 →treat n．乐事；款待 vt．治疗；对待；招待，款待 15.emotion n．强烈的情感，激情 →emotional adj．情绪的，情感的 16.blessing n．福气，幸运 →bless vt．祝福 17.nerve n．神经；焦虑，恐惧，紧张 →nervous adj．紧张的 18.variation n．变化物，变体；差异，变动 →vary vi．变化；改变；变更 →variety n．多样化，变化 →various adj．不同的；各种各样的 19.rare adj．稀有的，罕见的，不常发生的 →rarely adv．很少，难得 20.opposed adj．与某事物相反；反对某事物，不赞成某事物 →oppose vt．反对 →opposition n．反对，反抗 21.depressing adj．令人沮丧的，让人忧愁的 →depressed adj．沮丧的，忧愁的 →depress vt．令人沮丧；使萧条 →depression n．沮丧；(经济)萧条 22.estimate vt．估计，估算 →estimation n．估计 23.visible adj．看得见的 →vision n．视力；视野；想象力 →invisible adj．看不见的 24.steadily adv．稳定地 →steady adj．稳定的；稳固的 →unsteady adj．不稳定的 25.actual adj．实际的，真实的 →actually adv．实际上；事实上 26.systematic adj．系统化的，有条理的 →system n．系统，体系，制度 27.globe n．地球，世界；地球仪 →global adj．全球的 28.corresponding adj．相应的；对应的 →correspond vi．相一致；符合；类似于；通信 →correspondence n．一致；相似；相关；通信；信件 29.identify vt．确定，发现；认出，识别 →identification n．确定，发现；鉴定；辨认 30.symbolically adv．象征地，象征性地 →symbol n．象征；符号 →symbolical adj．象征性的 31.astronomer n．天文学家 →astronomy n．天文学 前缀under-表示“在……之下，低于；下面的，从属的，次的；不足”。 undergrowth n．(长在大树下或周边的)下木层　underground n．地铁　underline v．在……下面划线；强调　underneath prep．/adv．在……下面 构词法 1.be capable of 能够 2.in comparison with　　 与……相比 3.be devoted to　　 致力于 4.be responsible for　　 对……负责 5.get through　　 度过，熬过(困难时期等) 6.up to　　 多达 7.get over　　 解决；恢复 Ⅳ．重点短语 8.come up with　　 想到，提出 9.a great deal of　　 大量 10.be bound to　　 一定会 11.be viewed as　　 被看作是 12.be classified as　　 被归类为…… 13.in the course of　　 在……过程中；在……期间 14.result in　　 导致；结果是 句型1：the＋序数词＋n．＋to do... They were the first-ever primates (the order of mammals which include apes，monkeys，and humans) to have been cloned!它们是有史以来首次被克隆的灵长类动物(哺乳动物的一个类别，包括猿、猴子和人类)! 句型2：insist后接that宾语从句 Researchers insist that the science of cloning should be further explored and advanced． 研究人员坚持认为，克隆科学应进一步得到探索与发展。 Ⅴ．经典句型 句型3：现在分词短语作结果状语 Scientists now estimate that up to 50% of the area’s population died from the epidemic，making it one of the main causes of the fall of the Roman Empire． 科学家们现在估计，该地区多达50%的人口死于这种流行病，使其成为罗马帝国衰落的主要原因之一。 句型4：sb/sth be believed to be/have been...某人/某物被认为是…… Having killed up to 50 million people in 18 months，the Spanish Flu is believed to have been the most severe epidemic in history． 在18个月内造成5 000万人死亡之后，西班牙流感被认为是历史上最严重的流行病。 返回 探究必备知识 返回 comparison n．比较(compare v．比较；比喻comparable adj．可比较的incomparable adj．不可比拟的) 先练透　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①(2024·全国甲卷)My childhood is quite happy ___________ (compare) with hers． ②(2025·北京卷)Since they were young， I have told my kids not to compare themselves ______ other people． ③书籍被比作人类进步的阶梯，因此，我主张我们应该在业余时间多读书。(应用文之倡议书) Books _______________________________________，and hence，I advocate that we should enjoy more books in our spare time． 1 compared with are compared to the ladder of human progress ④主街喧嚣嘈杂。相比之下，我们的小巷是一个宁静的避风港。(读后续写之环境描写) The main street was bustling and noisy．_______________， our little alley was a haven of peace． By comparison (1)by comparison　　　 相比之下，相较而言 in comparison with　 与……相比较 (2)compare...with...　　 把……和……相比较 compare...to...　　 把……比作……；把……和……相比较 compared to/with...　 和……相比(通常作状语) 后归纳 treatment n．诊疗，治疗，疗法；对待方式(treat n．乐事；款待 vt．治疗；对待；招待，款待) 2 先练透　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Because I was under __________(treat)，my mother was strongly opposed to my father treating me ____ junk food． ②(2022·浙江6月卷)通过社区服务，我完全意识到，我们不仅要以尊重对待无家可归的人，而且应该把他们看作平等的人。(读后续写之善行) Through the community service，I fully realized that not only _____________ ____________________________ but we _____________________________ ______． treatment to should we treat the homeless people with respect should (also) treat them as equal souls (1)under treatment 在治疗中 (2)treat...as...　　 把……看作……；把……视为…… treat sb to sth　　 用某物招待某人，以某物款待某人 treat sb with...　　 以……方式对待某人 后归纳 点津　“把……当……看待”的表达荟萃： (1)regard...as...；(2)consider...as...；(3)think of...as...；(4)see...as...；(5)view...as... bound adj．很有可能，肯定会；一定的；(车、船等)开往……的 vi．跳跃 3 先练透　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①I would be very thankful if you could reserve a ticket for the train bound 　_____ Wuhan tomorrow morning． ②我相信，只有你全身心投入到比赛中，你才一定会成功。(应用文之建议信) I am convinced that only if you are devoted to the competition ______________ __________． for are you bound to succeed be bound to do sth 肯定会做某事，很可能做某事；有义务做某事 be bound for...　　 准备前往(某地) 后归纳 blessing n．福气，幸运(bless vt．祝福) 4 先练透　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①A sweet peace flooded me like ____ blessing which made me hopeful again． ②这座拥有千年历史的古城，有幸留存着保存完好的文物与独特的民俗文化遗产。(应用文之推荐信) This ancient city， with a history spanning over a thousand years， _________ _____________________________ and a unique folk heritage． a is blessed with well-preserved cultural relics be blessed with幸运地享有；有幸得到 后归纳 先练透　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①She openly opposes _______(use) plastic bags in daily life， so she always carries a reusable cloth bag with her． ②Many parents ____________(oppose) to their children spending too much time on mobile phones， fearing it will affect their study and eyesight． ③随着国家反对浪费食物，一项呼吁我们学生节约食物的活动已经启动。 _________________________________，an activity has been launched to call on us students to save food．(活动介绍) opposed adj．与某事物相反；反对某事物，不赞成某事物(oppose vt．反对opposition n．反对，反抗) 5 using are opposed With the nation opposing wasting food ④(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)我强烈反对大卫放弃越野跑。他紧紧地闭上眼睛，思索着我的反对。(读后续写之心理描写) I strongly _____________________________________________．He closed his eyes tightly， pondering on my opposition． opposed David/David’s giving up the cross-country run (1)be opposed to (doing) sth 反对(做)某事 (2)oppose (doing) sth　　 反对(做)某事 oppose sb/sb’s doing sth　　 反对某人做某事 后归纳 bury vt．埋葬，安葬；埋藏；使陷入 6 先练透　完成句子/一句多译 ①詹妮弗坐在地板上，双手捂着脸，身体颤抖着，轻声地开始哭泣。(读后续写之动作＋情绪描写) Jennifer sat on the floor， _________________________，and her body trembled as she softly began to cry． ②我每天专心读英文报并获得了丰富多彩的知识。 →I ______________________________ the English newspaper every day and I have gained abundant knowledge． → _______________________________ the English newspaper every day，I have gained abundant knowledge．(动词-ing/-ed形式作状语) burying her face in her hands bury myself/am buried in reading Burying myself/Buried in reading bury oneself in 埋头于；专心于 be buried in　　 专心于；被埋葬在…… bury one’s face in one’s hands　　 双手掩面 后归纳 点津　表示“专注于；致力于；埋头于”的短语还有：be absorbed in、concentrate on、focus on、fix one’s attention on、be devoted to=devote oneself to、occupy oneself in doing/with=be occupied in doing/with。 先练透　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①My mom suspected my little sister _______(be) the one who ate the last piece of cake， since she’d been talking about it all afternoon． ②He suspected me of __________(steal) the old woman’s gold ring and even my best friend was __________(suspect) about my personal qualities，so I buried my face in my hands，sobbing uncontrollably． suspect n．(犯罪)嫌疑人，可疑分子 vt．怀疑(suspicion n．怀疑；疑心 suspicious adj．怀疑的；可疑的) 7 to be stealing suspicious ③很抱歉之前指责你拿了我的书，现在我怀疑是我自己把它落在家里某个地方了。(应用文之道歉信) I’m sorry I accused you of taking my book．I now _______________________ ___ somewhere at home． suspect that I just misplaced it (1)suspect that... 怀疑…… suspect sb to be/as...　　 怀疑某人是…… suspect sb of (doing) sth 怀疑某人(做过)某事 (2)be suspicious of/about sb/sth 感觉某人/某事可疑的 后归纳 点津　与suspect sb of sth结构相同的短语还有：inform sb of sth，remind sb of sth，rob sb of sth，accuse sb of sth，warn sb of sth等。 the＋序数词＋名词＋to do 教材原句　They were the first-ever primates (the order of mammals which include apes，monkeys，and humans) to have been cloned! 它们是有史以来首次被克隆的灵长类动物(哺乳动物的一个类别，包括猿、猴子和人类)! 先练透　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①I would like to take this opportunity ____________(encourage) more people to join in environmental protection actions． ②As far as I know，Amy was the only person __________ (witness) the car accident． 8 to encourage to witness ③就个人而言，我认为我是做这个工作的最佳人选。(应用文之申请信) Personally，I think I ________________________________． am the best person to take up the job 动词不定式作后置定语的几种情况： (1)序数词、最高级以及the only，the last，the right等或被这些词修饰的名词后常用动词不定式作定语。 (2)抽象名词decision，ability，determination，opportunity，chance，way，ambition以及time，place后常用动词不定式作定语。 后归纳 点津　如果动词不定式中的动词是不及物动词，后面必须有介词。 动词-ing形式短语作结果状语 9 教材原句　Scientists now estimate that up to 50% of the area’s population died from the epidemic，making it one of the main causes of the fall of the Roman Empire． 科学家们现在估计，该地区多达50%的人口死于这种流行病，使其成为罗马帝国衰落的主要原因之一。 先练透　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①She approached and checked it，only ________ (find) one of the dog’s legs seriously broken． to find ②它教会了我回馈社会和为有意义的事业共同努力的价值，使其成为我高中之旅中真正有价值的经历。 It taught me the value of giving back and working together for a meaningful cause， _____________________________________________________．(读后续写之主旨升华) making it a truly valuable experience in my high school journey (1)动词-ing形式短语作结果状语表示意料、情理之中的结果； (2)动词不定式还可以作结果状语，一般放在句子后面，且常表示出乎意料的结果，常与only，just等词连用。 后归纳 返回 巩固核心知识 返回 维度一　词汇语境运用 1.(2025·北京卷)In this family， we don’t compare ourselves ______ other people． 2.(2025·浙江1月卷)The platform has enabled Ribeiro to realise her dream with a great deal of freedom， as _________ (oppose) to a restaurant... 3.(2024·北京卷)When something is contradictory to their view， they don’t treat it ___ exceptional． 4.(2022·浙江6月卷)In New York，a multicultural city，students like me are blessed ______ a chance to work with a diverse population． with opposed as with 5.In a word， the trip will be both relaxing and rewarding，which is bound 　______(be) a memorable experience for you． 6.She got ________ her exams without too much difficulty． 7.According to its content，human learning can be classified _____knowledge learning，skill learning and moral learning． 8.Suspected ____ damaging this cultural heritage，he was arrested by the police． 9.Lack of exercise can lead to feelings of ___________ (depress) and exhaustion． 10.What’s most impressive is that it is capable ______ providing some exercises according to the mistakes collected in their former exercises． to be through as of depression of 维度二　阅读理解清障 Ⅰ．熟词生义、一词多义 1.熟词生义——写出句中加黑词汇的词性及汉语意思 (1)She took a deep breath to contain her anger when her classmate accidentally spilled water on her notebook． ____________ (2)The teacher used a red marker to underline the key points in the textbook， so students could review them easily． _________________ (3)Before giving her first speech in front of the whole class， she felt a wave of nerve and gripped the microphone tightly． ________________ vt．抑制 vt．强调，使突出 n．恐惧，紧张 2.一词多义 (1)bound 对点微练——选出bound的含义 A．adj．很有可能，肯定会　B．adj．(车、船等)开往……的　 C．vi．跳跃 ①The little girl laughed and bounded across the grass to greet her father who had just come back from work． _____ ②We rushed to the station and finally caught the train bound for Shanghai just before it pulled out． _____ ③With her hard work and talent， she is bound to win the school’s English speech contest this year． _____ C B A (2)pose 对点微练——写出pose的词性和词义 During the art class， we had to pose① for a sketch—some stood with books； others sat casually．The teacher said poor posture poses② a threat to our spines， so she corrected our poses③ gently．Those natural postures， not fake poses④ ， made the class lively and fun． ________________________________________________________________________________ ①vi．(为画像、摄影)摆好姿势　 ②vt．造成，引起　 ③n．姿势　 ④n．装腔作势 Ⅱ．构词法 写出下列黑体词的含义 1.As an undergraduate， he is actively involved in various campus clubs and research projects to enrich his experience． __________________ 2.You should never underestimate the power of daily review； it can significantly improve your final exam score． ________ 3.Our school campus will undergo a major renovation during the summer vacation to provide better facilities for us． ____________ 大学生，本科生 低估 经历，经受 4.She decided to undertake the role of team leader in the group project， coordinating all the tasks and members． ______________ 5.We left the canteen quickly because the chicken served was undercooked and we didn’t want to risk getting sick． ________________ 承担，从事 (食物) 未煮熟的 返回 提升关键能力 返回 Part 1.应用文增分练(科学与技术——基因工程) 　　用本单元所学词汇、句式完成下面的应用文写作，再背诵。 【情境呈现】 　　随着科学技术的发展，克隆技术已经引起了人们极大的关注。人们对这个问题的看法也各不相同。请写一篇文章介绍人们对克隆技术的不同观点，并表明自己的立场。 【布局谋篇】 首段　引出主题 　　It is known that scientists have made great progress in cloning technology，①___________________________________________ _________________________________(这引发了一场关于克隆是福还是祸的激烈争论)． which has brought about a heated debate over whether cloning is a blessing or a curse 中段　 提出论点 　　Some people support cloning，saying it can bring medical progress and help the reproduction of endangered and even extinct species around the world．But on the other hand，②_________________________________(许多人强烈反对它)．③_____________________________________________________________ _______________________(他们怀疑那些支持克隆的人在道德上是错误的，会给我们人类带来麻烦)． 尾段　 自己 的看法 　　As for me，I insist that on the one hand，we should promote its development，and on the other hand，we should strengthen the management of cloning technology．④_____________________________________________________ _________________________(只有当我们在这个微妙的问题上表现出极大的谨慎时，我们才能从克隆中受益匪浅)． many people are strongly opposed to it They suspect that those who support cloning are morally wrong and would bring trouble to us humans We can benefit greatly from cloning only when we show great caution on this delicate issue 【多元表达】 ⑤用倒装句升级句④We can benefit greatly from cloning only when we show great caution on this delicate issue． →_________________________________________________________________________________ Only when we show great caution on this delicate issue can we benefit greatly from cloning． 【语言素材】 声音/牙 齿/嘴唇 ①thunder 　　　 愤怒地大叫；怒吼； ②howl/storm　　　　　　　 怒吼； ③shout in anger/furiously　 怒吼；　　 ④voice shook/trembled　　 声音颤抖； ⑤in an angry voice 用愤怒的声音； ⑥with cold anger in one’s voice声音里带着冷冰冰的愤怒； ⑦mouth/lips trembled　　 嘴/嘴唇颤抖；　　 ⑧teeth lock together in anger　 气得咬牙切齿 Part 2.读后续写提能练 拓展语料积累　情感细节描写之“愤怒” (声音和肢体动作) 手 ①shake one’s fist at sb 朝某人挥舞拳头； ②slam/pound sth with fists　　 用拳头猛捶……； ③one’s hands/fingers tremble with rage/anger　　手/手指因愤怒而颤抖； ④slam the door furiously/angrily behind　　 愤然摔门而去 腿/脚 ①storm in/out/off 怒气冲冲地闯进/走出/气呼呼地跑掉； ②spring up in anger　　 气得跳起来； ③stamp one’s feet in anger　　气得跺脚 全身 ①anger poured/rushed through sb怒不可遏； ②burn/boil with anger/rage　　 怒火中烧；怒不可遏 【靓句表达】 1.She shouted in anger like a storm breaking over the quiet room． 她怒气冲冲地大喊大叫，像一场暴风雨骤然席卷了这个安静的房间。 2.The teacher boiled with anger when the students ignored her repeated warnings． 学生们无视她的再三警告，老师气得怒火攻心。 3.He stormed out of the apartment， slamming the door furiously behind him after arguing with his roommate about the rent． 和室友为房租争执一番后，他怒气冲冲地冲出公寓，猛地将身后的门狠狠摔上。 4.My grandmother’s hands trembled with anger when she saw someone littering in the community garden． 奶奶看到有人在小区花园里乱扔垃圾，气得双手发抖。 5.Her voice trembled with anger when she accused him of lying． 指责他撒谎时，她的声音因愤怒而颤抖。 6.She heard his rude remarks and felt her teeth lock together in anger． 听到他无礼的言论，她气得咬牙切齿。 续写语料运用　用表“愤怒”的表达补全下面的微场景并背诵 微场景：主题“校园生活”——在图书馆复习被他人打扰时的“愤怒” 　　As the final exam drew near， I was trying to do some revision for an important oral exam in the local library．However， people kept disturbing me， and ①______________ _____________________ (我越来越恼火)．Of course， the more upset I got， the less I was able to concentrate．The last straw was when I heard someone singing behind me．The singing was so loud that I could even recognize the song! I turned around and glared at the person who was singing．②___________________________________________________ (我收起书，怒视着她，生气地低声说；动作链)， “Thanks to your noise．I’ve been unable to study．You’re so selfish!” Then ③________________________________ (我生气地冲出图书馆)． 返回 I was getting more and more annoyed I picked up my books， glared at her and whispered angrily I stormed out of the library with anger 单元测评 返回 A卷 Ⅰ．阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共37.5分) A (2025·山东省潍坊市高三下3月模拟) Set Boundaries， Find Peace By Nedra Glover Tawwab Description 　　The instant New York Times bestseller． 　　End the struggle， speak up for what you need， and experience the freedom of being truly yourself． 　　Healthy boundaries．We all know we should have them in order to achieve work & life balance， deal with negative people， and enjoy rewarding relationships with partners， friends， and family．But what do “healthy boundaries” really mean—and how can we successfully express our needs， say “no，” and be decisive without offending others？ 　　Licensed consultant， sought-after relationship expert， and one of the most influential therapists on Instagram， Nedra Glover Tawwab clarifies this complex topic for today’s world．In a relatable and inclusive tone， Set Boundaries， Find Peace presents simple-yet-powerful ways to set healthy boundaries in all aspects of life．Rooted in the latest research and best practices used in cognitive (认知的) behavioral therapy (CBT)， these techniques help us identify and express our needs clearly and without apology—and uncover a root problem behind codependency， power struggles， anxiety， depression， burnout， and more． Editorial reviews 　　“Set Boundaries， Find Peace is a down-to-earth guide on fully realizing your potential and giving yourself the freedom you deserve by clearly setting healthy boundaries in your personal and professional life， friendships， and relationships．Eye-opening and thoroughly engaging．” 　　—Myleik Teele， CURLBOX founder 　　“If you want the most comprehensive， relevant， and relatable guide to setting boundaries， speaking your needs， and living a more peaceful life， Nedra Tawwab’s book on boundaries is for you．” 　　—Sheleana Aiyana， founder of Rising Woman   语篇解读　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了《Set Boundaries， Find Peace》，这是一本关于如何设定健康界限、实现内心平静的实用指南。 1.What does the book focus on？ A．Solutions to emotional problems． B．Examples of unhealthy lifestyles． C．Steps of removing negative thoughts． D．Methods of establishing healthy boundaries． √ 细节理解题。根据第四段“In a relatable and inclusive tone， Set Boundaries， Find Peace presents simple-yet-powerful ways to set healthy boundaries in all aspects of life．”可知，这本书的重点是提供建立健康界限的方法。故选D。 2.What does Myleik Teele think of the book？ A．Practical．　　 B．Comprehensive． C．Poetic．　　 D．Cost-effective． √ 推理判断题。根据第五段“Set Boundaries， Find Peace is a down-to-earth guide on fully realizing your potential and giving yourself the freedom you deserve by clearly setting healthy boundaries in your personal and professional life， friendships， and relationships．Eye-opening and thoroughly engaging．”可知，Myleik Teele认为这是一本脚踏实地的指南，即这本书很实用。故选A。 3.How many hardcover copies at the least guarantee a free delivery？ A．One．　　B．Two． C．Three．　　D．Four． √ 细节理解题。根据图片上的信息显示，精装版的优惠后价格是19.42美元，亚马孙免费配的消费额度是35美元以上，因此，至少两本精装版的价格，即19.42*2=38.84美元，才能达到免费配送的标准。故选B。 B (2025·安徽省滁州市高三下一模) 　　“You learn a lot by almost dying，” David always says．In fact， he learns enough! 　　In 2010， David， a sophomore from the medical school of Pennsylvania got very sick and the diagnosis was Castleman—a rare condition with approximately 7，000 new cases annually in the US．In hospital， David noticed curious red spots on his skin．He asked doctors what the blood spots meant．“They went out of their way to say they didn’t matter，” said David， but he would go on to prove he was on to something． 　　Castleman struck David four more times over the next three years．David stayed alive only through intense chemotherapy．Despite the illness， he managed to graduate and began an MBA at Penn’s Wharton School， where he founded the CDCN—a global initiative devoted to fighting Castleman．Many of his MBA classmates joined the cause．David hoped that adding a CEO mindset would enable him to scale up his approach to curing himself．CDCN prioritized clinical trials that repurposed drugs the FDA (美国药监局) had already approved as safe rather than starting from scratch． 　　In 2013， another attack marked his closest brush with death yet．This time， David saved his own life．After examining his medical charts， he targeted an idea that researchers hadn’t yet explored： A protein called VECF which controls blood vessel growth was spiking at 10 times its normal level．David hypothesized that the red spots with every recurrence were a direct result of that protein spike．David asked his doctor to prescribe Sirolimus， a drug approved to help fight the immune system when it activates against kidney transplants．He picked it up at a pharmacy．“A drug that could potentially save my life was hiding in plain sight，” he said． 　　So far， David has been in remission from Castleman for more than six years， close to full strength．As an assistant professor at the University of Pennsylvania， he was running a clinical trial on the drug that has given him his life back．“So little time and money has been invested in these rare diseases like Castleman，” says David， “There’s tremendous opportunity to change that； there’s a lot of low-hanging fruit!” 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了David患病后，主动探究红斑病因，自行研究病历提出新观点并求药治疗，还创办CDCN组织抗击疾病。他全程积极自救，努力为攻克疾病做贡献。 4.What can we know about the CDCN？ A．It’s a domestic organization in the USA． B．It recruited members beyond the medical field． C．It’s founded when David was a medical student． D．It prioritized clinical trials on newly-applied drugs． √ 细节理解题。根据第三段“Many of his MBA classmates joined the cause”可知，CDCN招募了商学院等医学领域外的成员。故选B。 5.What can be inferred from the last paragraph？ A．David’s recovered from Castleman completely． B．David’s doing further research on Sirolimus． C．Sufficient investments are put in Castleman research． D．High likelihood of bearing fruit is in Castleman research． √ 推理判断题。根据最后一段“There’s tremendous opportunity to change that； there’s a lot of low-hanging fruit!”可推知，David认为Castleman研究有很大机会取得成果。故选D。 6.According to the text， which one is right？ A．Sirolimus has certain effectiveness for Castleman． B．There’re roughly 7，000 Castleman cases in the US． C．David suffered Castleman recurrence four times totally． D．Red spots on David’s skin caused an increase in VECF levels． √ 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段David服用Sirolimus和最后一段“been in remission from Castleman for more than six years”可知，该药物对Castleman有一定疗效。故选A。 7.What can we learn from David’s experience？ A．No pains， no gains． B．It’s never too late to learn． C．Where there is a will， there is a way． D．God helps those who help themselves． √ 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“‘So little time and money has been invested in these rare diseases like Castleman，’ says David， ‘There’s tremendous opportunity to change that； there’s a lot of low-hanging fruit!’”以及大卫患病后，主动探究红斑病因，自行研究病历提出新观点并求药治疗，还创办CDCN组织抗击疾病。他全程积极自救，努力为攻克疾病做贡献，完美诠释“自助者天助”，故选D。 C (2025·山东省菏泽市高三下一模) 　　Biology may not be everything， but genes apparently have a far greater influence on human behavior than is commonly thought．Similarities ranging from hobbies to bodily gesture are being found in pairs separated at birth．“Many of these behaviors are things you would never think of looking at if you were going to study the genetics of behavior，” says psychologist Thomas J． Bouchard， Jr．， director of the Minnesota Center for Twin and Adoption Research at the University of Minnesota． 　　Bouchard reports that so far exhaustive psychological tests and questionnaires have been completed with approximately 50 pairs of identical twins reared apart， 25 pairs of fraternal twins reared apart and comparison groups of twins reared together．“We were amazed at the similarity in posture and expressive style，” says Bouchard．“It’s probably the feature of the study that’s grabbed us the most．” Twins tend to have similar mannerisms， gestures， speed and tempo in talking， habits and jokes．Many of the twins dressed in similar fashion—one male pair who had never previously met arrived in England sporting 　identical　 beards， haircuts， glasses and shirts． 　　The most striking example of common psychopathology (精神病理学)， however， came from a pair of twins raised apart．One had been reared by his own (poor) family and the other had been adopted into a “good solid upper-middle-class family．” Both are now considered to be antisocial personalities， suffering from lack of impulse control， and both have criminal histories．Although the twins share， on average， 50 percent of their genes， Bouchard suggests that the overlap is probably considerably more with this pair． 　　Personality similarities between the identical twins raised apart are almost the same as they are with identical twins raised together， according to the results of a test developed by University of Minnesota psychologist Auke Tellegen．His personality questionnaire contains scales such as “social closeness”， “harm avoidance” and “well-being”． The researchers were especially surprised to find that “traditionalism”—a trait implying conservatism and respect for authority—can be inherited．In fact， says Bouchard， his and other studies have found about 11 personality traits that appear to have significant genetic input． 　　Overall， the emerging findings of the Minnesota study constitute a powerful disproof of those who maintain that environmental influences are the primary shaping forces of personality．The textbooks are going to have to be rewritten， Bouchard predicts． 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了生物学领域中关于基因对人类行为影响的研究，特别关注于同卵双胞胎在分开抚养的情况下所展现出的相似性。文中提到了多项研究和测试结果，包括心理学家对双胞胎行为特征的观察和分析，以及基因在塑造性格特质中所起的作用。 8.Why does Bouchard say these behaviors are “things you would never think of looking at if you were going to study the genetics of behavior”？ A．These behaviors seemed too unimportant for scientists to observe． B．These behaviors seemed too intimate to allow scientists to observe them． C．Psychologists assumed these external characteristics could not be biologically based． D．Psychologists assumed the causes of these behaviors were too complicated for current methods of observations． √ 推理判断题。根据第一段“Similarities ranging from hobbies to bodily gesture are being found in pairs separated at birth”和Bouchard的话可推知，这些行为特征过去被认为与生物学基础无关，因此未被纳入行为遗传学研究。故选C。 9.The word “identical” (in Para.2) most probably means ____________． A．fashionable　　B．alike C．complex　　D．identified √ 词义猜测题。根据第二段“Many of the twins dressed in similar fashion”和“arrived in England sporting identical beards， haircuts， glasses and shirts”可知，这对双胞胎的外貌特征非常相似，identical意为“相同的”。故选B。 10.According to the passage， Auke Tellegen agrees that ___________． A．some textbooks on genes and behavior will be rewritten quite soon B．people’s behaviors and personalities depend at large on their genes C．his personality questionnaire can indicate people’s 11 personality traits D．the environmental influences have great effect on people’s personalities √ 推理判断题。根据第四段“Personality similarities between the identical twins raised apart are almost the same as they are with identical twins raised together”和“about 11 personality traits that appear to have significant genetic input”可推知，Tellegen认为人的行为和性格很大程度上取决于基因。故选B。 11.What does the passage mainly talk about？ A．Twins generally share the same hobbies and gestures if they are raised apart． B．Genes have a greater influence on human behavior than is commonly thought． C．People from upper-middle-class family are the same as those from poor family． D．Twins tend to dress in similar fashion even when brought up in different families． √ 主旨大意题。全文通过双胞胎研究的大量实例，论证了首段提出的核心观点“genes apparently have a far greater influence on human behavior than is commonly thought”。故选B。 D (2025·山东省德州市高三上期末) 　　New research indicates that our brains divide daily memories not only based on environmental shifts but also on personal experiences and priorities．A Columbia University study， led by Baldassano， a professor of psychology， has shown that we may have more control over our memory organization than previously thought． 　　The study， published in Current Biology on October 3， challenges the idea that memory segmentation (分区) is driven by environmental changes．The team proposed that the boundaries between different scenes are shaped by our past experiences and emotional responses to events． 　　To test their hypothesis， the researchers created 16 short audios， each with four locations and social situations．While participants listened to audios， researchers used fMRI (磁共振) to monitor brain activity， particularly in the mPFC (内侧前额叶皮质)， an area associated with perception and interpretation of our surroundings． 　　The scans revealed that mPFC activity increased during key social event changes．However， participants’ segmentation of events could be altered by directing their attention to different details．The study also found that participants’ memory of the audios varied based on what they were asked to focus on．When they were asked to recall the part of the audio they were not asked to pay attention to， they forgot many details．This suggests that our memory is selective and influenced by our attention． 　　“We can choose what we pay attention to and what we remember．This means that， in many ways， we control the memory of our own experiences．” Baldassano noted．The implications of this research are significant for understanding memory-related issues， such as stress disorder， dementia， and normal aging．The study suggests memory-based treatments shouldn’t just focus on any shift to improve long-term memory．Attention should be directed toward key moments to help people better understand and remember what matters most． While it is not clear how allowing people to freely recall their experiences can change the way they frame their memories， this study opens new avenues for understanding how we remember our daily lives． 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。新的研究表明，我们的大脑不仅基于环境转变，而且基于个人经验和优先事项来划分日常记忆。 12.What aspect did Baldassano stress about memory segmentation？ A．Personal priorities． B．Environmental changes． C．Emotional treatments． D．Boundaries between scenes． √ 细节理解题。根据第一段“our brains divide daily memories not only based on environmental shifts but also on personal experiences and priorities”和第二段“boundaries between different scenes are shaped by our past experiences”可知，Baldassano强调个人优先事项在记忆分区中的作用。故选A。 13.How did the researchers test their theory？ A．Interviewing participants’ daily experiences． B．Recording people’s memories of past events． C．Monitoring brain activities about some audios． D．Comparing individuals’ different environments． √ 细节理解题。根据第三段“researchers used fMRI(磁共振) to monitor brain activity， particularly in the mPFC(内侧前额叶皮质)”可知，研究人员通过监测参与者听音频时的大脑活动来验证理论。故选C。 14.What happened when participants were guided to some details？ A．They intended to collect more details． B．They became confused in brain activities． C．They ignored other details unconsciously． D．They preferred to concentrate on the audios． √ 细节理解题。根据第四段“when they were asked to recall the part of the audio they were not asked to pay attention to， they forgot many details”可知，当注意力被引导到特定细节时，参与者会无意识地忽略其他信息。故选C。 15.What does Baldassano suggest about memory-based treatments？ A．Improving long-term memory． B．Emphasizing environmental shifts． C．Making use of the flexibility of memory． D．Collecting plenty of specific memory details． √ 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“We can choose what we pay attention to and what we remember”和“Attention should be directed toward key moments”可推知，Baldassano建议利用记忆的可选择性这一灵活性特点进行治疗。故选C。 Ⅱ．阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) (2025·辽宁省锦州市高三上期末) 　　Summer holiday is wrapping up．Here are some smart steps you can take now to get your sleep back on track for an awesome school year． 　　Stick to a bedtime．Going to bed at about the same time every night helps you fall asleep more easily．To pinpoint (精准确定) your ideal bedtime， first think about how much sleep you need， and what time you need to wake up in the morning．　　1　　 For example， if you want to get 10 hours of sleep and have to wake up at 7 a．m．to get ready for school， you will need to be asleep at 9 p．m． 　　Wind down before bed．Try to spend about an hour before bed relaxing．　　2　　 For the first 20 minutes， get yourself prepared for the next day by setting up your backpack and laying out your clothes．This helps ease your mind， since you won’t be worrying about those tasks in the morning．　　3　　 Finally， for the last 20 minutes， do something that helps you fall asleep more easily， like reading a book or listening to calming music． 　　Don’t damage your sleep．What you eat and do during the day can affect your sleep．Try to avoid drinks and food that have caffeine in the afternoon and evening．Working out does help you feel more tired．　　4　　 Try not to text， watch TV， or play video games for at least two hours before bed because the light from the screens—even a small screen like the one on your phone—can trick your body into thinking it’s daytime． 　　　　5　　 People tend to sleep in on weekends， but oversleeping on some days can destroy your sleep rhythms for the rest of the week．Wake up at your usual time， or as close to it as you can， to stay well rested all week． A．Stay consistent． B．Make sure you sleep enough． C．And then count backward from there． D．That can get your body and mind ready for sleep． E．But exercise before bedtime can make it hard to wind down． F．Next， set aside 20 minutes for showering and brushing your teeth． G．And you’re checking off all the supplies you need for a new beginning． 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些让睡眠回到正轨的 方法。 　　Summer holiday is wrapping up．Here are some smart steps you can take now to get your sleep back on track for an awesome school year． 　　Stick to a bedtime．Going to bed at about the same time every night helps you fall asleep more easily．To pinpoint (精准确定) your ideal bedtime， first think about how much sleep you need， and what time you need to wake up in the morning．　。　 For example， if you want to get 10 hours of sleep and have to wake up at 7 a．m．to get ready for school， you will need to be asleep at 9 p．m． And then count backward from there． 根据上文“To pinpoint (精准确定) your ideal bedtime， first think about how much sleep you need， and what time you need to wake up in the morning．”以及后文“For example， if you want to get 10 hours of sleep and have to wake up at 7 a．m．to get ready for school， you will need to be asleep at 9 p．m．”可知，本句主要承接上文，说明应该按照就寝时间进行时间规划。故选C。 　　Wind down before bed．Try to spend about an hour before bed relaxing．　　。　　 For the first 20 minutes， get yourself prepared for the next day by setting up your backpack and laying out your clothes．This helps ease your mind， since you won’t be worrying about those tasks in the morning． That can get your body and mind ready for sleep． 根据上文“Wind down before bed．Try to spend about an hour before bed relaxing．”可知，本句承接上文，说明睡前放松的好处。故选D。 　。　 　　 Finally， for the last 20 minutes， do something that helps you fall asleep more easily， like reading a book or listening to calming music． Next， set aside 20 minutes for showering and brushing your teeth． 根据上文“For the first 20 minutes， get yourself prepared for the next day by setting up your backpack and laying out your clothes．This helps ease your mind， since you won’t be worrying about those tasks in the morning．”以及后文“Finally， for the last 20 minutes， do something that helps you fall asleep more easily， like reading a book or listening to calming music．”可知，上文提到了第一步，后文是最后一步，推测本句是第二步骤。故选F。 　　Don’t damage your sleep．What you eat and do during the day can affect your sleep．Try to avoid drinks and food that have caffeine in the afternoon and evening．Working out does help you feel more tired．　 。 　 Try not to text， watch TV， or play video games for at least two hours before bed because the light from the screens—even a small screen like the one on your phone—can trick your body into thinking it’s daytime． bedtime can make it hard to wind down． But exercise before 根据上文“Working out does help you feel more tired．”可知，上文提到锻炼使人疲惫，推测本句承接上文，说明锻炼的注意事项。故选E。 　　　.　　 People tend to sleep in on weekends， but oversleeping on some days can destroy your sleep rhythms for the rest of the week．Wake up at your usual time， or as close to it as you can， to stay well rested all week． Stay consistent． 根据后文“People tend to sleep in on weekends， but oversleeping on some days can destroy your sleep rhythms for the rest of the week．Wake up at your usual time， or as close to it as you can， to stay well rested all week．”可知，本段主要强调了作息时间一致的问题。故选A。 B卷 Ⅰ．阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分) A (2026·河南省部分学校高三下3月联考) 　　Virtual Reality (VR) is an exciting new tool for mental health professionals， offering a unique opportunity to treat a range of mental health disorders in a safe and supportive environment．VR can provide users with an immersive (沉浸式的) experience that allows them to face their fears and anxieties， practice coping skills， and receive feedback in a controlled environment．However， the use of VR for mental health is not limited to therapy (治疗) sessions with professionals． 　　In recent years， virtual worlds have emerged as a space where people with mental health issues can connect with others and find a sense of community．One such platform is Inner World， where anonymous (匿名的) users can openly discuss their mental health challenges with others．The platform offers a supportive and non-judgmental space for users to work through their emotional struggles． 　　Duncan Martinez is one Inner World user who has found comfort in this platform．He has struggled with mental health issues throughout his life， and while he has tried traditional therapy， he found it too expensive to maintain．However， Inner World offers an alternative， providing a safe and supportive community where he can share his feelings and connect with others who understand his struggles． 　　The anonymous communication and the game-like environment is particularly appealing to male users， who are often underserved in traditional mental health services．According to Noelle Robinson， the founder and CEO of Inner World， around 70% of Inner World users identify as male．By coming into a virtual environment that feels like a game， Inner World is helping to meet people where they are and provide them with the support they need． 　　The Inner World platform is still in its early stage， but it holds a great deal of promise for the future of mental health care．As VR technology continues to develop， we can expect to see more platforms like Inner World emerge， offering new ways to help people struggling with mental health challenges． 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了虚拟现实在心理健康领域的益处及Inner World平台。 1.What is the main advantage of VR according to the passage？ A．It simplifies the treatment of disease． B．It has become more available than before． C．It allows users to communicate anonymously． D．It offers a sense of safety to discuss mental issues． √ 细节理解题。根据第一段“VR can provide users with an immersive(沉浸式的) experience that allows them to face their fears and anxieties...in a controlled environment”可知，VR的主要优势在于提供安全环境讨论心理问题。故选D。 2.How does Duncan Martinez find Inner World？ A．It is more affordable than traditional therapy． B．It can provide him with a gaming experience． C．It allows him to avoid expressing his feelings． D．It can replace all other forms of mental health care． √ 细节理解题。根据第三段“he found it too expensive to maintain． However， Inner World offers an alternative”可知，Duncan认为Inner World比传统治疗更经济实惠。故选A。 3.What can be inferred about the Inner World platform from the passage？ A．It has been widely adopted in the world． B．It is specifically designed for male users． C．It is a promising platform for mental health support． D．It is a specialized platform for the professionals． √ 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The Inner World platform is still in its early stage， but it holds a great deal of promise for the future of mental health care”可推知，该平台是前景广阔的心理健康支持平台。故选C。 4.What is the main purpose of the passage？ A．To explain how VR technology works． B．To criticize traditional mental health services． C．To introduce the benefits of VR and Inner World． D．To promote the use of VR in traditional therapy． √ 写作意图题。全文通过介绍VR技术在心理健康治疗中的应用及Inner World平台的特点，旨在说明VR和该平台在心理健康领域的益处。故选C。 B (2025·江西省新余市高三一模) 　　Are you a logical thinker， or would you say that you’re more free-spirited and artistic？ If you’re the former， somebody’s probably told you at some point that you’re a left-brained person， and if you’re the latter， right-brained．The idea that the right half of the brain is the creative half and the left half is the analytical half and that our individual characteristics are determined by which half is dominant is widespread in popular psychology．However， this idea is a fiction． 　　Although we all obviously have different personalities and talents， there’s no reason to believe these differences can be explained by the dominance of one half of the brain over the other half．Recent research using brain imaging technology hasn’t found any evidence of hemispheric (脑半球的) dominance．Math， for example， requires logical thought and， thus， is generally said to be connected with the left brain．But mathematics involves a highly creative effort in addition to being a logical one．So would a gifted mathematician be a right-brained or a left-brained person？ 　　If there’s no evidence for the fiction of right-brained and left-brained people， why do so many people accept it？ Perhaps it just makes intuitive (直觉的) sense that people’s brains would be dominant on one side or the other just as their hands， feet， or eyes are．It may also have something to do with our seemingly unlimited appetite that allows us to sort ourselves (and our friends) into “types” based on our emotional and intellectual characteristics． 　　When people are offered general descriptive statements that are presented as individualized descriptions of their own personalities， they tend to accept them as meaningful and true， especially if the statements are positive．The “insights” they generate are both universal and 　congenial　．After all， who would reject a description of themselves as “artistic and creative” or “reasonable and analytical”？ The fiction is popular， in the end， because it gives us a “scientific” way to talk about our favorite subject—ourselves． 语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文。文章主要驳斥了关于左脑型人和右脑型人这种流行观念，并解释了为什么人们会相信这一观念。 5.What can we learn from the passage？ A．A free-spirited artist is a right-handed person． B．The left half of the brain deals with analytical work． C．Different personalities are determined by the brain． D．The idea of which half of the brain is dominant is a fiction． √ 推理判断题。根据第一段“this idea is a fiction”和第二段“no reason to believe these differences can be explained by the dominance of one half of the brain”可知，关于左右脑主导性格的观点是虚构的。故选D。 6.Which is a possible reason for people believing left-brained or right-brained dominance？ A．Roles of different brain regions． B．Distinctions between different people． C．The tendency to classify people． D．The conclusion from daily phenomena． √ 推理判断题。根据第三段“our seemingly unlimited appetite that allows us to sort ourselves(and our friends) into ‘types’”可推知，人们相信这一观念可能与喜欢给人分类的倾向有关。故选C。 7.What does the underlined word “congenial” mean in the last paragraph？ A．Reasonable． B．Accurate． C．Random．　　D．Pleasing． √ 词义猜测题。根据画线词前“When people are offered general descriptive statements that are presented as individualized descriptions of their own personalities， they tend to accept them as meaningful and true， especially if the statements are positive．”可知，画线词所在句与上文呼应，“general”对应“universal”，“positive”对应“congenial”。画线词后提到谁会拒绝将自己描述为“有艺术性和创造力”或“理性且具分析力”呢。综合以上分析可知，“congenial”应指人们不会拒绝的且令人高兴的。故选D。 8.What is the best title for the text？ A．The Science of Different Personalities B．The Truth Behind Hemispheric Dominance C．Links Between the Brain and Characters D．Ways to Tell Right-brained and Left-brained People　 √ 标题归纳题。第一段通过提问引入广泛流行的观点，即大脑的左右半球分别主导分析性和创造性思维，性格由优势半脑决定，并指出这是一个虚构的说法；第二段引用最近的脑成像技术研究并以数学为例驳斥这种流行观点；第三段解释这种流行观点被广泛接受的原因；第四段阐述人们接受该观点的心理机制。综合各段大意可知，文章的主旨是揭示和驳斥大脑的左右半球分别主导分析性和创造性思维，性格由优势半脑决定这种观点，并探讨其流行的深层原因。B项既暗含对左右脑主导不同思维这一观点的否定，又能包含对此的一种解释，概括了文章大意，适合作文章标题。故选B。 Ⅱ．阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) (2025·江西省部分学校高三下3月联合检测) 　　A panel of nutrition experts released their 2025 dietary guidelines．These guidelines will inform and shape the food programs and policy of the U．S．government．Overall， the recommendations for the guidelines sound familiar．　　1　　 They should also eat less red meat and processed meats， as well as vegetables like potatoes． 　　This panel worked on the guidelines for almost two years．It was the first to consider dietary needs based on financial situation， race and culture．Fatima， an obesity expert， said that considering these new elements will help make sure that the guidance reflects and includes various population groups． 　　　　2　　 Several of them showed links between ultra-processed foods and being overweight or obesity．But the nutrition experts said the evidence was too limited to make recommendations．The panel also didn’t change recommendations about alcohol．The current guidelines are two drinks or less a day for men and one for women．The nutrition panel described a healthy diet for people beginning at two years old．　　3　　 　　The diets of most Americans don’t meet the current guidelines．More than half of American adults have one or more diet-related health condition．　　4　　 The report also notes that nutrition-related long-term health conditions will continue to threaten health throughout their life． 　　The dietary guidelines are updated every five years．　　5　　 Related government officials will then hold a public meeting to discuss the recommendations before they are finally released．All this makes it possible for Americans to attach importance to the dietary guidelines． A．The panel considered more than 40 studies． B．For a healthy diet， people should eat more beans． C．The last time the guidance was updated was in 2020.　 D．The public has 60 days to comment on the guidance． E.18 million individuals have insecure sources of food． F．It is high in vegetables， fruits， nuts， whole grains and fish． G．We should also note that there’s something missing in the guideline． 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍美国2025健康饮食指南对健康饮食方面的一些具体要求。 　　A panel of nutrition experts released their 2025 dietary guidelines．These guidelines will inform and shape the food programs and policy of the U．S．government．Overall， the recommendations for the guidelines sound familiar．　.　　 They should also eat less red meat and processed meats， as well as vegetables like potatoes． For a healthy diet， people should eat more beans． 根据上文“A panel of nutrition experts released their 2025 dietary guidelines．These guidelines will inform and shape the food programs and policy of the U．S．government．Overall， the recommendations for the guidelines sound familiar．”以及下文“They should also eat less red meat and processed meats， as well as vegetables like potatoes．”可知，本句主要具体说明指南关于健康饮食的建议，B选项中people对应后文代词“They”。故选B。 　　　.　　 Several of them showed links between ultra-processed foods and being overweight or obesity．But the nutrition experts said the evidence was too limited to make recommendations．The panel also didn’t change recommendations about alcohol． The panel considered more than 40 studies． 根据下文“Several of them showed links between ultra-processed foods and being overweight or obesity．But the nutrition experts said the evidence was too limited to make recommendations．The panel also didn’t change recommendations about alcohol．The current guidelines are two drinks or less a day for men and one for women．The nutrition panel described a healthy diet for people beginning at two years old．”可知，本段评价这个专家小组给出的一些指导意见，本句为主旨句，说明这些意见的可靠性。故选A。 The current guidelines are two drinks or less a day for men and one for women．The nutrition panel described a healthy diet for people beginning at two years old．　 .　　 It is high in vegetables， fruits， nuts， whole grains and fish． 根据上文“The nutrition panel described a healthy diet for people beginning at two years old．”可知，上文说这个专家小组还给出了人们从两岁开始可用的健康饮食方式，这里选项F具体说明这个饮食方式的组成部分。故选F。 　　The diets of most Americans don’t meet the current guidelines．More than half of American adults have one or more diet-related health condition．　 .　 　.　 　　 The report also notes that nutrition-related long-term health conditions will continue to threaten health throughout their life． 18 million individuals have insecure sources of food． 根据上文“The diets of most Americans don’t meet the current guidelines．More than half of American adults have one or more diet-related health condition．”可知，本句与上文并列，都是在说明美国的饮食问题，且列出了具体的数据来说明这一情况。故选E。 　　The dietary guidelines are updated every five years．　 . 　 Related government officials will then hold a public meeting to discuss the recommendations before they are finally released．All this makes it possible for Americans to attach importance to the dietary guidelines． The public has 60 days to comment on the guidance． 根据下文“Related government officials will then hold a public meeting to discuss the recommendations before they are finally released．All this makes it possible for Americans to attach importance to the dietary guidelines．”可知，本段谈论这个健康饮食指南的相关情况，后文说相关政府工作人员随后会举行一个公开的会议来讨论这些指南内容，推测本句说明公众在其中起到的积极作用。故选D。 Ⅲ．完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) (2025·山东省青岛市高三下二模) 　　The daughters， but not the sons， of women who give birth at age 30 or older are more likely to experience symptoms of depression as young adults， according to research published by the American Psychological Association． 　　Tearne， a doctoral student at the University of Western Australia and lead author of the study， and her colleagues analyzed data from the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort Study．Pregnant (怀孕的) women were selected into this study， and provided psychological 　　1　　．Their offspring (子女) then underwent psychological 　　2　　 at various ages over the next 23 years． 　　In this study， the researchers　　3　　 self-reported levels of various symptoms of depression， anxiety and stress from 1，200 of the offspring at age 20 and compared them with the age of the mother and father at the time the children were born．Daughters whose mothers were over age 30 at the time of 　　4　　 had significantly higher levels of stress， depression and anxiety compared with daughters whose mothers were under age 30.However， the fathers’ age at that particular time had no effect， and there was no effect found for 　　5　　． 　　While the exact cause of this relationship is not clear， Tearne said she suspects it is not necessarily　　6　　． 　　“One hypothesis (假设) is that 　　7　　 may occur in the mother-daughter relationship because of a large age difference between the two，” said Tearne．“It may be that a 30 or more year age difference between mother and daughter leads to a significant difference in the 　　8　　 systems．That may cause 　　9　　 in the relationship， leading to stress， worry and sadness in the child， particularly during the transition to young adulthood．” 　　Another possible　　10　　 may be that the women who gave birth over age 30 would be in their 50s at the time their children were assessed．Therefore， they are more likely to be experiencing health problems associated with 　　11　　．This could also lead to higher levels of 　　12　　 in the children， Tearne said．Other studies have suggested that daughters are more affected by their mother’s health problems than sons．This could explain why the 　　13　　 only appears in daughters， she said． 　　“It is important to remember， too， that the study examined symptoms of distress， rather than　　14　　 diagnosis，” said Monique Robinson， PhD， of the University of Western Australia， another author of the study．“It could be that the offspring of older mothers are at risk for a few more symptoms of depression， anxiety and stress， but that does not necessarily mean they will experience a(n) 　　15　　 mental disorder．” 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国心理学会发表的一项研究，研究表明，30岁及以上生育的女性所生的女儿在年轻时更容易出现抑郁症状。 1.A．association　　B．adjustment C．support　　 D．information 2.A．consultation　 B．intervention C．assessment　 D．treatment 根据上文“The daughters， but not the sons， of women who give birth at age 30 or older are more likely to experience symptoms of depression as young adults”和下文“self-reported levels of various symptoms of depression， anxiety and stress”可知，这个实验是有关心理方面的研究，怀孕的女性被提供心理方面的信息。故选D。 根据下文“at various ages over the next 23 years”和“self-reported levels of various symptoms of depression， anxiety and stress”可知，她们的子女接受了心理评估。故选C。 √ √ 3.A．looked at　 B．went after C．responded to　 D．persisted in 4.A．promotion　 B．graduation C．marriage　　 D．birth 根据下文“self-reported levels of various symptoms of depression， anxiety and stress”可知，研究人员观察了子女自我报告的抑郁、焦虑和压力等各种症状的程度。故选A。 根据下文“compared with daughters whose mothers were under age 30”可知，此处指母亲在分娩时年龄超过30岁的女儿。故选D。 √ √ 5.A．sons　　 B．mothers C．daughters　　 D．grandchildren 6.A．temporary　 B．biological C．subjective　　 D．psychological 根据上文“The daughters， but not the sons”可知，此处指对儿子没有影响。故选A。 根据下文“It may be that a 30 or more year age difference between mother and daughter leads to a significant difference”可知，蒂尔尼怀疑这种关系不一定是生物学上的原因。故选B。 √ √ 7.A．transitions　 B．difficulties C．interactions　 D．competitions 8.A．value　　 B．blood C．education　　 D．security 根据下文“leading to stress， worry and sadness in the child”可知，母女关系中可能会出现困难。故选B。 根据前文“It may be that a 30 or more year age difference between mother and daughter leads to a significant difference”和下文“leading to stress， worry and sadness in the child”可知，年龄差异会导致价值体系的重大差异，从而给孩子带来压力、担忧和悲伤。故选A。 √ √ 9.A．mistakes　　B．limits C．tensions　　 D．distractions 10.A．exception　B．equivalent C．foundation　　D．explanation 根据下文“leading to stress， worry and sadness in the child”可知，母女关系紧张会导致孩子压力、担忧和悲伤。故选C。 根据下文“may be that the women who gave birth over age 30 would be in their 50s at the time their children were assessed”可知，此处提供了另一个可能的解释。故选D。 √ √ 11.A．income　　 B．promotion C．aging　　 D．exercising 12.A．commitment　 B．symptoms C．expectations　 D．consciousness 根据上文“the women who gave birth over age 30 would be in their 50s”可知，50多岁的女性更有可能出现与衰老相关的健康问题。故选C。 根据下文“symptoms of depression， anxiety and stress”和“Other studies have suggested that daughters are more affected by their mother’s health problems than sons”可知，此处指儿童出现更高水平的症状。故选B。 √ √ 13.A．effect　　 B．struggle C．friction　　 D．imitation 14.A．initial　　 B．ultimate C．general　　 D．clinical 根据上文“Daughters whose mothers were over age 30 at the time of __________ had significantly higher levels of stress， depression and anxiety”可知，母亲年龄对女儿的影响。故选A。 根据上文“symptoms of distress”可知，此处与临床诊断形成对比，指的是痛苦的症状。故选D。 √ √ 15.A．rare　　 B．treatable C．diagnosable　 D．irreversible 根据上文“It could be that the offspring of older mothers are at risk for a few more symptoms of depression， anxiety and stress， but”可知，这并不一定意味着他们会患上可诊断的精神疾病。故选C。 √ Ⅳ．语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) (2025·山东省滨州市高三下二模) 　　A traditional Chinese medicine has been shown to be effective at reducing complications following a heart attack after a large-scale， clinical trial． 　　The medicine，1.________ (know) as tongxinluo， is made of extracts derived from seven herbs and various animals．The compound， 2.__________ name means “to open the network of the heart”， has long been used 3._____ a traditional Chinese treatment for patients suffering heart attacks or strokes． known whose as 1.考查非谓语动词。“(know) as tongxinluo”作后置定语，修饰The medicine，know(将……称为)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语The medicine之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填known。 2.考查定语从句。“______________ name means ‘to open the network of the heart’”是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The compound，关系词将其代入从句中作定语，指“化合物的”，用表示所属关系的关系代词whose引导该从句。故填whose。 3.考查介词。use...as...是固定搭配，意为“把……用作……”，句中使用了其现在完成时的被动语态has been used as...。故填as。 This condition involves a blood clot that completely blocks a major vessel (血管) 4.___________ (supply) the heart．The patients were treated within hours of symptom onset by surgical or chemical 5.__________ (remove) of the clot．While they received standard treatments over the next year—such as taking a daily aspirin—half of the individuals were 6.____________(random) selected to receive tongxinluo as well．The other half 7._____________ (give) a placebo—designed to match the look， smell and taste of the traditional Chinese medicine． supplying removal randomly were given 4.考查非谓语动词。“(supply) the heart”作后置定语，supply(供应)与其逻辑主语a major vessel之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填supplying。 5.考查名词。提示词在介词by后作宾语，用名词removal，意为“移除，去除”，不可数名词。故填removal。 6.考查副词。提示词修饰动词selected，用副词randomly作状语，意为“随机地”。故填randomly。 7.考查时态、语态和主谓一致。give(给予)是谓语动词，与主语The other half之间是被动关系，结合上文可知，文章描述的是过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，主语The other half指代人，是复数，谓语动词用复数形式；综上，谓语动词用一般过去时的被动语态，复数形式。故填were given。 　　Over the next year， the patients were followed to track the incidence of MACCEs，8._____ umbrella term that covers cardiac death， repeat heart attacks and strokes．The results showed that the incidence of MACCEs was around 30 percent 9._______ (low) in the group that took tongxinluo， compared with those participants taking the placebo．These benefits persisted for one year after discharge， and no major side effects were recorded， indicating that the medicine was safe 10._______ (use)． 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种名为通心络的中药，经过大规模临床试验，它能有效减少心脏病发作后的并发症，且无明显副作用。 an lower to use 8.考查冠词。term是可数名词单数，在句中表示“一个统称”，泛指，且umbrella发音以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 9.考查形容词比较级。根据“compared with those participants taking the placebo”可知，此处表示两者比较，用形容词比较级lower。故填lower。 10.考查非谓语动词。“主语＋be＋ adj．＋ to do...”为固定句型，该句型中形容词表明主语的特征或性质，句中动词不定式与主语之间存在动宾关系。本句中safe表明主语the medicine的特征，use与主语之间是动宾关系，适用该固定句型，用不定式短语to use。故填to use。 返回 谢 谢 观 看 Unit 9 Human Biology $