选修2 Unit 4 Humour（课件PPT）-【金版新学案】2027年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（北师大版）

该高中英语高考复习课件聚焦选择性必修第一册Unit 4 Humour，依据高考评价体系梳理了词汇（熟词生义、构词法）、句型（强调句型、be doing...when...）、阅读（细节理解、词义猜测）、写作（应用文、读后续写）四大核心考点，通过近5年真题统计明确词汇语境运用占30%、写作提能占25%的高频分布，归纳出单句语法填空、读后续写情感描写等常考题型，体现备考针对性。 课件亮点在于“真题驱动+素养导向”策略，如结合2024浙江卷真题解析pretend用法，通过“先练透单句填空+后归纳用法”突破词汇考点，培养语言能力。读后续写依托“不安/绝望”语料库，指导环境烘托法提升思维品质，应用文提供倒装句升级模板，助力学生掌握高分技巧，教师可据此精准教学，高效冲刺高考。

高三总复习讲义 北师大版 Unit 4　Humour 选择性必修　第一册 03 巩固核心知识 02 探究必备知识 夯实语言基础 01 内容索引 04 提升关键能力 05 单元测评 夯实语言基础 返回 注： 表示该词的熟词生义。 Ⅰ．阅读单词 1.referee n． 裁判(员) 2.saucer n． 杯托 3.doorway n． 门口，出入口 4.antique n． 古董，古玩 adj． 古时制造的 5.astronomy n． 天文学 6.galaxy n． 星系 7.Saturn n． 土星 8.Leo n． 狮子座 9.surgery n． 诊所；外科手术 10.sneeze vi．& n． 打喷嚏 11.circus n． 马戏团 12.clown n． 小丑 13.far-reaching adj． 影响深远的 14.incorporate vt． 把……并入；包含 15.episode n． 一集 16.steak n． 牛排 17.raw adj． 生的 18.vase n． 花瓶 19.purse n． 女用手提包；女式钱包 20.screenwriter n． 影视剧本作家，编剧 21.stutter n． 结巴，口吃 22.producer n． 制作人，制片人 23.agent n． 代理人 24.log n． 大木头，原木；(事件的)正式记录 vt． 采伐(森林的)树木；记录 Ⅱ．核心单词 1.pretend vi．& vt． 假装，装作 2.plot n． (书、电影、戏剧的)情节； 阴谋 vt．& vi． 暗中策划，密谋 3.accent n． 口音 4.facial adj． 面部的；脸上的 5.well-being n． 舒适；健康；幸福 6.enhance vt． 增强；改进；提高 7.dizzy adj． 头晕目眩的 8.swing n． 挥动，挥舞 ；秋千 vi．& vt． (使)摆动；(使)转动 ；朝……打去； 荡秋千 9.collapse vi． 突然倒下；倒塌；(因病等)昏倒，晕倒 10.appetite n． 胃口，食欲；欲望，爱好 11.atmosphere n． 大气(层)；气氛，氛围，环境 12.forecast vt． 预测，预报 13.middle-aged adj． 中年的 14.bleed vi． 流血，出血 15.scream vi． 尖声大叫 n． 尖叫声 16.crisis n． 危难时刻；危机 17.afterwards adv． 随后，后来 18.deserve vt． 应得，应受到 19.muscle n． 肌肉 20.mood n． 心情，情绪 21.immune adj． 有免疫力的 22.cell n． 细胞；(蜂房的)巢室 ；电池 ； 单间牢房 23.whisper vi．& vt． 悄声说，低语，耳语 24.blush vi． 脸红 25.expense n． 费用，花费 26.reputation n． 名誉，名望 27.encounter vt． 遇到 28.chew vi．& vt． 咀嚼 29.contemporary adj． 当代的 30.mostly adv． 主要地；大部分 31.clumsy adj． 笨拙的，不灵活的 32.contrary n． 正相反，恰恰相反 33.scholarship n． 奖学金 34.attain vt． 得到，获得 35.obtain vt． 获得，得到 36.mirror n． 镜子 vt． 反映；映照 37.genius n． 天才，天赋；天才人物 38.idiom n． 成语 Ⅲ．拓展单词 1.humorous adj．幽默的，诙谐的 →humor n．幽默，诙谐 →humorously adv．幽默地 2.imitate vt．模仿 →imitation n．模仿，仿效 3.interact vi．交流；交往；相互作用 →interaction n．交流；互动；相互作用 →interactive adj．互动的，交互的；合作的 4.anxiety n．焦虑，不安，担心；渴望 →anxious adj．焦虑的，不安的，担心的；渴望的 →anxiously adv．焦虑地，不安地 5.significant adj．重要的，重大的；显著的 →significance n．重要性 →insignificant adj．不重要的 6.terrified adj．极度惊恐的 →terrify v．使害怕 →terrifying adj．极其可怕的 →terror n．恐怖，恐惧 7.unbalanced adj．不平衡的 →balanced adj．平衡的，均衡的 →balance n．均衡，平衡；天平；余额，结余 vt．(使)保持平衡 8.embarrassed adj．难堪的，尴尬的 →embarrass vt．使难堪，使尴尬 →embarrassing adj．令人难堪的，令人尴尬的 →embarrassment n．窘迫，尴尬 9.consume vt．消耗；吃；消费；烧毁，毁灭 →consumer n．消费者 →consumption n．消费 10.confused adj．困惑的 →confuse vt．使困惑 →confusing adj．令人困惑的 →confusion n．混乱；困惑 11.potential n．潜力，潜能 adj．潜在的，可能的 →potentially adv．可能地，潜在地 12.casually adv．漫不经心地；非正式地 →casual adj．随便的；非正式的 13.innocently adv．装作若无其事地；无辜地 →innocent adj．无罪的；无辜的；天真的 →innocence n．无罪；无辜；单纯 14.faithful adj．忠诚的 →faith n．忠诚 →faithfully adv．忠诚地 15.deduce vt．推论，推断 →deduction n．演绎；推理 16.measurement n．测量，计量，衡量 →measure vt．量，测量；估量，衡量 linking v．(尺寸、数量等)量度为 n．措施，办法；尺度 17.examine vt．检查；测验 →examination n．检查 →examiner n．主考人，考官 →examinee n．应试者 18.announce vt．宣布，宣告 →announcement n．宣布，宣告 →announcer n．广播员 19.tension n．紧张；焦虑；焦急 →tense adj．紧张的 20.physical adj．身体的，肉体的 →physically adv．身体上，肉体上 21.psychological adj．心理的，精神的 →psychology n．心理学 →psychologist n．心理学家 22.infection n．感染；传染 →infect vt．感染；传染 →infectious adj．传染性的；有传染力的 23.accidentally adv．偶然地，意外地 →accidental adj．偶然的，意外的 →accident n．(交通)事故；意外 24.comedian n．喜剧演员 →comedy n．喜剧；喜剧片 25.nationality n．国籍 →nation n．国家 →national adj．国家的 26.amuse vt．使开心；逗笑 →amusing adj．好笑的，有趣的 →amused adj．逗乐的；觉得好笑的 →amusement n．愉悦；娱乐；娱乐活动 27.rely vi．依赖 →reliable adj．可靠的 →unreliable adj．不可靠的；靠不住的 →reliability n．可靠性；可信度 28.purely adv．完全地，纯粹地，仅仅 →pure adj．纯的；纯粹的；纯洁的；完全的 →purify v．使纯净，净化 29.universal adj．广泛适用的；共同的，普遍的 →universally adv．普遍地 →universe n．宇宙 30.astonished adj．吃惊的，惊讶的 →astonish vt．使吃惊，使惊讶 →astonishing adj．令人吃惊的，令人惊讶的 →astonishment n．吃惊，惊讶 31.creation n．创造物，作品 →create vt．创造 →creative adj．创造(性)的；创作的；有创造力的 →creativity n．创造力；创造性 32.talent n．天资，天赋，才能；人才，天才 →talented adj．有天赋的；有才干的 33.rarely adv．很少，难得 →rare adj．稀少的，稀罕的 34.convinced adj．确信的，信服的 →convince vt．使相信；使确信；说服 →convincing adj．令人信服的 35.demand vt．要求 n．需求；要求 →demanding adj．要求高的；费力的；苛求的 36.loosely adv．不严谨地 →loose adj．说话随便(轻率)的；组织不严密的；松的，松散的；不严谨的，不周密的 vt．松开，释放 →loosen vt．& vi．(使)变松；松开(手等) 37.criticise vi．& vt．批评，指责 →critical adj．批评的，批判的；关键的 →critic n．评论家，批评家 →criticism n．批评；指责；评论 38.bath n．浴室 vi．洗澡 →bathe vt．使沐浴；用水洗 vi．洗澡 构词法 后缀-ful是一个形容词后缀，其作用是将一个名词转化为一个形容词。 (1)表示“充满……的”或“具有……特性的”。 (2)有时后缀-ful还可以表示“具有特定的性质或状态”。 (3)有些名词加上-ful后缀，表示“量或程度”。 faithful忠诚的 beautiful美丽的 powerful强大的 wonderful奇妙的 joyful快乐的 grateful感激的 careful小心的 bucketful一桶之量 mouthful一满口的量 后缀-ic可以是形容词后缀，表示“属于……的”或“具有……的性质”，也可是名词后缀，表示“与……有关的人”或“某种学术”及其他抽象名词。 scientific科学的 critic评论家 logic逻辑学 Ⅳ．重点短语 1.at sb’s expense 嘲笑某人 2.rely on 依赖；信赖 3.be terrified of 害怕 4.interact with 与……相互作用；互动 5.set up 创立；建立 6.in charge of 负责 7.for free 免费 8.do sb a favour 帮某人一个忙 9.hold on 坚持 10.on one’s own 独自地 11.for some time 一段时间 12.hand over 移交 13.wake up 醒来 14.for sale 待售 15.on the contrary 相反 16.over and over again 反复地 Ⅴ．经典句型 句型1：be doing...when...正在做……，这时(突然)…… The doctor was writing a note at her desk when he came in． 他进去时医生正在办公桌上写便条。 句型2：as if从句中的虚拟语气 After a moment，he looks back at the envelope but this time he looks surprised，as if he did not know it was there． 过了一会儿，他再看那信封，但这次他露出了惊讶的表情，好像完全不知道它在那里。 句型3：so...that...引导结果状语从句 He becomes so desperate in the end that he even hides some inside the purse of a woman sitting near him and throws some down the trousers of the restaurant’s violinist! 最后他变得如此绝望，居然把一些藏在坐在他旁边女士的钱包里，还把一部分塞进餐厅小提琴手的裤子里! 句型4：强调句型 As early as primary school，Rowan had already shown a talent for acting，but it was only later at university that he decided to become an actor． 早在小学的时候，罗温就已经表现出了表演天赋，但直到后来在大学里，他才决定成为一名演员。 返回 探究必备知识 返回 pretend vi．& vt．假装，装作 1 先练透　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Wearing a worn-out backpack and an old sweater， she would go inside， pretending ________ (look) at books． ②Mary pretended ____________(know) everything about it and said nothing． ③他拖着脚走进卧室，打开一本书假装在看，眼泪掉在打开的书页上。(读后续写之动作描写) He dragged his feet into the bedroom，opened a book and _________________ ________，with tears dropping onto the open page． to look to have known pretended to be reading ④(2024·浙江1月卷)她决定记住自己上课的地方，然后假装其他地方都不存在。(读后续写之个人成长) She decided that she would memorize where her classes were and then______________________________________． pretend that the rest of the place didn’t exist pretend to be＋n．/adj． 假装是…… pretend to do sth 假装做某事 pretend to be doing sth 假装正在做某事 pretend to have done sth 假装已做过某事 pretend (that)... 假装…… 后归纳 confused adj．困惑的(confuse vt．使困惑confusing adj．令人困惑的confusion n．混乱；困惑) 2 先练透　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Tom was confused about the new math problem his teacher raised．He stared at the paper _____ confusion， not knowing where to start． ②It is common that people often confuse her _________ her twin sister，who is also an editor． ③(2024·浙江1月卷)面对学生们困惑的表情，她没有说一句话，只是露出灿烂的笑容然后离开了。(读后续写之动作描写) ________________________________， she did not utter any word except flashing a radiant smile and going away． in with/and Faced with students’ confused look (1)confuse A and/with B 把A 和B混淆 (2)be confused about 对……感到迷惑 (3)in confusion 不知所措；处于混乱状态 后归纳 significant adj．重要的，重大的；显著的(significance n．重要性insignificant adj．不重要的) 3 先练透　单句语法填空/一句多译 ①This discovery contributed ____________ (significant) to the development of modern medicine． ②随着越来越多的人重视海洋保护，该市开展了广泛的志愿活动来保护海洋。(应用文之环境保护) →With more and more people ____________________________________，a wide range of voluntary activities have been held in the city to protect the ocean． →As more and more people _________________________________，a wide range of voluntary activities have been held in the city to protect the ocean． significantly attaching significance to ocean protection attach significance to ocean protection ③做运动是非常重要的，它使我们在长时间的工作后保持体形并精神 焕发。 →Doing sports _________________，which enables us to keep in shape and get refreshed after a long time of work．(significant) →Doing sports ____________________，which enables us to keep in shape and get refreshed after a long time of work．(significance) is very significant is of great significance be of significance to...=be significant to... 对……有重要意义 attach significance to... 认为……重要 后归纳 embarrassed adj．难堪的，尴尬的(embarrass vt．使难堪，使尴尬embarrassing adj．令人难堪的，令人尴尬的embarrassment n．窘迫，尴尬) 4 先练透　单句语法填空/完成语段 ①The girl felt _____________ when seeing the _____________ pictures．She turned away with ________________．(embarrass) ②令我尴尬的是，我在舞台上把台词念错了，我为自己糟糕的表演感到尴尬。我僵在那里，尴尬得满脸通红。(读后续写之情绪描写) ____________________， I blew my lines on the stage and I ______________ ______________________________．I froze there，with my face flushed _____________________． embarrassed embarrassing embarrassment To my embarrassment was embarrassed at/about my terrible performance with/in embarrassment (1)be embarrassed at/about 因……感到尴尬 (2)to one’s embarrassment 使某人尴尬的是 with/in embarrassment 尴尬地 后归纳 deserve vt．应得，应受到 5 先练透　单句语法填空/一句多译 ①We deserved __________(win) the competition with our joint efforts rather than with the help of luck． ②(2022·浙江6月卷)小组学习室的确值得体验，因此，请接受我真诚的邀请。(应用文之邀请信) →The group study room _______________________，so please accept my sincere invitation． →The group study room ___________________________，so please accept my sincere invitation． to win does deserve experiencing does deserve to be experienced (1)deserve to do sth 应该做某事；值得做某事 (2)deserve to be done= deserve doing 值得被做 (3)deserve consideration/attention 值得考虑/注意 后归纳 点津　deserve to be done与deserve doing的意义相同。可用主动形式表示被动意义的动词还有want，need，require等。 amuse vt．使开心；逗笑(amusing adj．好笑的，有趣的amused adj．逗乐的；觉得好笑的amusement n．愉悦；娱乐；娱乐活动) 6 先练透　单句语法填空/完成语段 ①To the audience’s _____________，the actor’s ___________ performance really __________ them and they all felt __________．(amuse) amusement amusing amused amused ②(2021·浙江1月卷)我妈妈被如此有趣的情景逗乐了，她愉快地开玩笑道：“不要在大南瓜里耗尽了氧气。”但是她的话并没有逗乐我，相反，我的鼻子都快气歪了。(读后续写之情绪描写) My mom ____________________________________，joking ____________ __________，“Don’t use up all your oxygen in the huge pumpkin．” But I ________________________________ and on the contrary，my nose was almost crooked． was amused by/at such an amusing scene in/with amusement didn’t amuse myself with her words amuse oneself with 以……自娱 (much) to one’s amusement (非常)令某人感到好笑的是 in/with amusement 愉快地 be amused at/by/with sth 以某事为乐； 被……逗笑 后归纳 rely vi．依赖(reliable adj．可靠的 unreliable adj．不可靠的；靠不住的 reliability n．可靠性；可信度) 7 先练透　单句语法填空/一句多译 ①(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Specifically， it’s a farm that relies ___ new technology． ②You can rely on Tom ___________(help)you out，because he is a 　_________(rely)person． ③你可以相信当你在学习英语有困难时我会帮助你。 →You can ____________________ when you have trouble with English． →You can ________________________ when you have trouble with English． on to help reliable rely on me to help you rely on it that I will help you rely on/upon 依赖；依靠；信赖 rely on sb to do sth 指望/相信某人会做某事 rely on (doing) sth 依赖/信任/指望(做)某事 rely on it that... 相信……；指望…… 后归纳 astonished adj．吃惊的，惊讶的(astonish vt．使吃惊，使惊讶astonishing adj．令人吃惊的，令人惊讶的astonishment n．吃惊，惊讶) 8 先练透　单句语法填空/完成句子/一句多译 ①(2024·天津3月卷)It is normal for you to be astonished _____ the significant changes brought about by technology in China． ②She stared at me when I described my adventurous travelling experience，her eyes widening ______ astonishment． ③(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)我很惊讶地发现，我试图赶上末班车的努力失败了，我不知所措，不知道下一步该做什么。(读后续写之心理描写) I ____________________________ my attempt to catch the last bus ended in failure and I was at a loss，uncertain about what to do next． at/by in was quite astonished to find that ④(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)令我惊讶的是，我在写作比赛中获奖了，我激动得一句话也说不出来。(读后续写之心理描写) →____________________，I got awarded in the writing contest and I was too thrilled to utter a word． →___________________________________ was that I got awarded in the writing contest and I was too thrilled to utter a word．(astonish，主语从句) To my astonishment What astonished me/made me astonished (1)It astonishes sb that... 令某人惊讶的是…… (2)be astonished at/by... 对……感到惊讶 be astonished to do... 因做……而感到惊讶 (3)to one’s astonishment 让某人感到惊讶的是 in astonishment 惊讶地 后归纳 be doing...when...正在做……，这时(突然)…… 9 教材原句　The doctor was writing a note at her desk when he came in． 他进去时医生正在办公桌上写便条。 先练透　完成句子/完成语段 ①我们刚从着火的房子里逃出来，房子就倒塌了，我们吓得魂不附体。(读后续写之心理描写) We ________________________________________ it fell to the ground and we were frightened out of our wits． had just escaped from the burning house when ②我双手拿着罐子，正匆忙走上楼梯，突然我的一只光着的脚被楼梯绊住了。我失去了平衡，努力使自己站稳，但是没用。罐子从我的手中滑落，摔在了坚硬的水泥地上。我正要去捡起碎片，就听到妈妈的声音：“发生了什么事？” With the jar in my hands，I ____________________________________one of my bare feet was caught on one stair．Losing my balance，I tried to steady myself，but in vain．The jar slipped out of my hands，smashing on the hard-as-rock concrete floor．I ___________________________________________ ______________________ I heard my mom’s voice，“What’s happening？” was walking upstairs in a hurry when was about to pick up the pieces/was on the point of picking up the pieces when when表示“这时(突然)”之意，还用于以下几种句型： (1)be about to do...when... 做……，这时(突然)…… (2)be on the point of doing...when... 正要做……，这时…… (3)had just done...when... 刚做完……，这时…… 后归纳 强调句型 10 教材原句　As early as primary school，Rowan had already shown a talent for acting，but it was only later at university that he decided to become an actor． 早在小学的时候，罗温就已经表现出了表演天赋，但直到后来在大学里，他才决定成为一名演员。 先练透　完成句子 ①正是整个境况让她感到非常沮丧和心烦。 __________________________ made her very depressed and upset． ②就是在那一刻，他灰心丧气，像一个泄气的球。 _______________________ he was discouraged like a deflated ball． It was the whole situation that It was at that moment that ③直到我再一次求职失败，我才意识到知识的价值。 ______________________________________________________ I realized knowledge is valuable． ④(2023·浙江1月卷)直到她走近的那一刻，我才看到她锋利的嘴里衔着覆盆子。 ______________________________________ I saw the raspberries held in her sharp mouth． It was not until I had another failure in my job-seeking that It was not until the moment she got closer that (1)基本结构：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who... (2)一般疑问句结构：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who...？ (3)特殊疑问句结构：特殊疑问词＋is/was it＋that...？ (4)特殊结构：It is/was not until＋被强调部分＋that... 后归纳 返回 巩固核心知识 返回 维度一　词汇语境运用 1.(2025·全国一卷)Crucially， this process relies _______ the water containing enough calcium carbonate (碳酸钙) to trap the plastics． 2.(2025·浙江1月卷)Compared to traditional garden plots， they increase carbon absorption， reduce stormwater runoff and boost habitat and biodiversity 　_____________ (significant)． 3.(2025·浙江1月卷)He smiled weakly at Kevin， who felt a mix of 　_______________ (embarrass) and relief． 4.(2024·天津3月卷)Miss Chevalier pretended not _____________(notice) my red face and handed me a dictionary， asking me to read its definition aloud． on significantly embarrassment to have noticed 5.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Given the ___________(astonish) potential of AI to transform our lives，we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future． 6.(2024·浙江1月卷)Due to the lack of ___________ (science) proof concerning their impacts， no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud- seeding companies． 7.(2021·浙江1月卷)BMI is an internationally recognized ________________ (measure) tool which gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight． astonishing scientific measurement 8.We mustn’t develop economy _____ the expense of destroying nature and we must have a role in nature conservation． 9.He whispered ____ me，“It’s high time for us to set out to concentrate on the project．” 10.It is believed that the incident will be ____________(potential) harmful to the development of local tourism． at to potentially 维度二　阅读理解清障 Ⅰ．熟词生义、一词多义 1.熟词生义——写出句中加黑词汇的词性及汉语意思 (1)(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)More recently，as books have become inexpensive or even throwaway，artists have used them as the raw material for artworks...　 _______________ (2)(2023·北京卷)For better or worse，ALife mirrors the very subject it studies． _______________ (3)Our appetite for new products also contributes to the problem． _______________ adj．未经加工的 vt．反映 n．强烈欲望 2.一词多义 (1)swing 对点微练——选出swing的含义 A．n．挥动，挥舞　B．n．秋千　C．v．(使)摆动 D．v．(使)转动　E．v．朝……打去　F．v．荡秋千 ①Children laughed loudly as they took turns pushing each other on the swing in the school playground． ________ ②After finishing her homework， Lily ran to the community park and swung happily on the swing for nearly an hour． ________ ③She swung the classroom door open carefully to avoid disturbing the students who were taking a test． ________ B F D A．n．挥动，挥舞　B．n．秋千　C．v．(使)摆动 D．v．(使)转动　E．v．朝……打去　F．v．荡秋千 ④The coach demonstrated a proper swing of the tennis racket to help us hit the ball more accurately． ________ ⑤The boxer swung his fist towards his opponent， but missed and lost his balance for a moment． ________ ⑥The wind made the wind chimes outside the classroom swing gently， creating a soft， pleasant sound． ________ A E C (2)consume 对点微练——选出consume的含义 A．vt．消耗　B．vt．吃，喝　C．vt．消费　D．vt．烧毁，毁灭 ①It’s a healthy habit to consume plenty of fresh vegetables and fruits daily． _________ ②These animals consumed large amounts of vegetation(植被)，which reduced plant diversity in the park． _________ ③The hotel was quickly consumed by fire． _________ ④Modern society encourages people to consume goods at an unprecedented rate． _________ B A D C Ⅱ．构词法 写出下列黑体词的含义 1.The geographic features of this area， like mountains and rivers， are taught in our geography textbook． ______________ 2.The teacher described the autumn scenery in a poetic way that made us feel like we were in a poem． ______________ 3.The teacher asked us to give specific examples to support our essay arguments． ______________ 地理的 富有诗意的 具体的，明确的 4.The school garden grows organic vegetables， which are sometimes used in the canteen’s dishes． __________ 5.Developing a strategic study schedule helps us use time more efficiently during exam weeks． __________ 返回 有机的 战略的 提升关键能力 返回 Part 1.应用文增分练(投稿——介绍名人) 　　用本单元所学词汇、句式完成下面的应用文写作，再背诵。 【情境呈现】 　　假定你是李华，受校英文报约稿，请你写一篇介绍某位名人的英语短文，刊登在校英文报People专栏，内容包括： 　　1.该人物的生平；2.他的主要事迹；3.你的评价。 首段　 总体介绍 　　He is a contemporary comedian in China and ①____________________ ___________(声誉很好)． has obtained a good reputation 【布局谋篇】 中段　 人物的主要 事迹 　　②________________________________________________________ _________________________(他不仅是喜剧演员，还是电影编剧和制片人)．The middle-aged man ③______________________ (有喜剧天赋)and often presents some serious topics in a humorous way．He can imitate many different accents，for which his creations ④__________________________ (可以改善人们的情绪)．His films are always full of joyous atmosphere．And mostly he will get good remarks．⑤__________________________________________________ (人们很少会因为情节松散而批评他的电影)．After all，you ⑥___________________ _______________________________(不能指望一部喜剧纯粹忠于现实)． 尾段　 你的看法 　　In my opinion， humour is mankind’s greatest blessing，which is precisely reflected in his creations． He is not only a comedian，but also he is a screen writer and producer of his movies has a talent for comedy can improve people’s moods People will rarely criticise his films for loosely written plots can’t rely on a comedy to be purely faithful to reality 【多元表达】 ⑦用倒装句升级句②He is not only a comedian，but also he is a screen writer and producer of his movies． →______________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ⑧用倒装句升级句⑤People will rarely criticise his films for loosely written plots． →______________________________________________________________ Not only is he a comedian，but also he is a screen writer and producer of his movies． Rarely will people criticise his films for loosely written plots． Part 2.读后续写提能练 拓展语料积累　情感细节描写之“不安”和“绝望” 【语言素材】 形容词 helpless， hopeless， desperate， uneasy 名词 helplessness， hopelessness，desperation，despair，uneasiness　 眼睛 ①look in despair绝望地看着；　　　　 ②watch helplessly　　无助地/眼睁睁地看着； ③give sb a look of desperation　　绝望地看了某人一眼；　　 ④a look of desperation绝望的眼神 声音/哭泣 ①utter a cry of despair发出绝望的叫声； ②hear the despair in one’s voice听出某人声音中的绝望； ③sigh with despair　　绝望地叹气；　　 ④despair choked one’s words　　绝望得说不出话来； ⑤erupt into desperate sobs　　绝望地啜泣； ⑥a note of desperation in one’s voice　　话音中带着绝望的语气 其他 ①a sense/feeling of hopelessness/helplessness绝望/无力感； ②in despair/desperation　　绝望地； ③abandon oneself to despair/fall into despair　　陷入绝望； ④throw sb into desperation　　使某人陷入绝望 【靓句表达】 1.When the doctor shook his head gently， the patient’s family exchanged a look of desperation， knowing the situation was bad．当医生轻轻摇头时，病人家属交换了一个绝望的神情，明白情况已经很糟。 2.Fog began creeping into the forest．Everything around them was swallowed by the darkness， which undoubtedly left them even more desperate． 树林开始起雾了。他们周围的一切都被黑暗吞噬，这无疑使他们更加绝望。(用环境描写烘托人物的绝望) 3.Gazing at the darkness around him，Tod was seized by a feeling of despair． 托德看着四周的黑暗，他深感绝望。 4.When her child ran toward the busy street， she rushed over with her heart in her mouth， yelling for him to stop．当她的孩子朝繁忙的马路跑去时，她心提到嗓子眼儿，冲过去大喊着让孩子停下。 5.She was so nervous that she felt her throat tight and her mouth dry，wondering what to do next． 她紧张得喉咙发紧，嘴里发干。揣摩着下一步怎么办。 续写语料运用　用表“不安”和“绝望”的表达补全下面的微场景并背诵 返回 微场景：“遇险求生”——陷入险境，求助无果时的“不安”和“绝望” 　　We had no phone signal， and the highway was 900 feet above us．All we could do was yell for help， and a seemingly great distance seemed to separate us from potential rescuers．With our voices echoing through the valley，①___________________________ ______ (绝望在每一声呼喊中渐渐滋长)．As the minutes turned into hours， ②_________________________________ (我们既害怕又绝望；无灵主语句) and we couldn’t help but wonder if anyone would ever hear us．Worse still， fog began creeping into the valley．Everything was swallowed by darkness， ③_________________________ (使我们更加无助；动词-ing形式短语作状语)．We let out a low sigh， ④____________ ____________________ (心里满是绝望；独立主格)． despair grew bit by bit in every shout fear and desperation overwhelmed us leaving us even more helpless heavily in our chests despair settling 单元测评 返回 A卷 Ⅰ．阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共37.5分) A (2025·广东省中山市高三一模) Teen Confidence Workshop 　　At Outstanding Youth， we’re committed to boosting teenagers’ confidence， which is key to their future success．Our Teen Confidence Workshop is an interactive online program which helps teens grow in confidence and determination in a supportive virtual community． 　　Who Can Join 　　If you’re a teen aged 13 to 18 and want to improve self-confidence， our workshop is perfect for you．We keep groups small， with just ten spots， to make sure everyone gets a chance to participate and learn together． 　　What Happens 　　At the workshop， you’ll learn 12 useful tools that are practical and easy to apply， ranging from effective communication techniques to strategies for overcoming self-doubt．They’re made to fit different situations， so you can handle anything confidently and calmly． 　　Details 　　·Duration： Two full， successive days (e．g． Wednesday and Thursday)． ·Cost： Number of Participants Price per Participant 1 $75 2-4 $70 5-10 $65 　　·Booking： Given the workshop’s popularity， early registration (at least two weeks in advance) is advised． 　　How We Teach 　　Our teaching philosophy emphasizes “Learning by Doing”． After a brief theoretical introduction， we focus on hands-on application．We believe that true confidence comes from practice and experience， not just from textbooks or videos． 　　Take this opportunity to strengthen your self-confidence in a friendly atmosphere．Sign up for the Teen Confidence Workshop and start reaching your full potential! 语篇解读　本文是一篇应用文。本文介绍了一个针对青少年的自信心培养工作坊，详细说明了工作坊的招收对象、内容、费用、报名须知以及教学方法。 1.What is the aim of the workshop？ A．Building up teens’ self-belief． B．Offering teens virtual tools． C．Giving teens career guidance． D．Teaching communication skills． √ 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“At Outstanding Youth， we’re committed to boosting teenagers’ confidence， which is key to their future success．Our Teen Confidence Workshop is an interactive online program which helps teens grow in confidence and determination in a supportive virtual community．”可知，该工作坊的目的是建立青少年的自信。故选A。 2.How much should a group of six pay？ A．$450. B．$420. C．$390. D．$360. √ 细节理解题。根据文章中的“Cost”部分，当参与人数为5-10人时，每位参与者的价格为65美元。因此，一个6人团队的总费用为6人乘以每人65美元，即390美元。故选C。 3.What teaching approach does the workshop mainly adopt？ A．Group discussion． B．Experiential learning． C．Lecture-based instruction． D．Textbook-centered analysis． √ 细节理解题。根据文章中的“How We Teach”部分，特别是“Our teaching philosophy emphasizes ‘Learning by Doing’． After a brief theoretical introduction， we focus on hands-on application．We believe that true confidence comes from practice and experience， not just from textbooks or videos．”可知，工作室的教学理念强调的是“在实践中学习”即该工作坊主要采用体验式学习的教学方法。故选B。 B (2025·辽宁省葫芦岛市高三上期末) 　　About eight years ago， Li Jinglong and Guan Dian visited the Palace Museum in Beijing．The cloisonne (景泰蓝瓷器) objects on display attracted them in particular．They spent hours looking at those beautiful objects．They just couldn’t take their eyes off them． 　　Born and raised in Beijing， 35-year-old Li is no stranger to cloisonne， since there were a pair of cloisonne vases in his grandparents’ home．His wife， 34-year-old Guan， who learned to paint as a child and later became a designer after graduating from the Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology， is also familiar with cloisonne， as it appears in her art books．As a result of their visit， the couple made the daring decision to open a workshop． 　　“We learned cloisonne after seeing the pieces displayed in the Palace Museum．We wanted to turn our hobby into a career， so that people could enjoy and learn to make the craft themselves，” said Li， who worked in a finance company before quitting his job to launch Handcraft Addicted， a DIY workshop where participants can make cloisonne．Since 2018， they have opened three workshops in Beijing．They are happy to give people a glimpse of the traditional techniques of cloisonne as part of a DIY experience． 　　Instead of focusing on making traditional cloisonne objects， such as plates and vases， the workshop allows participants to create the designs they want on surface of glass， resin (树脂) or wood．Although the process has been simplified， it is still not easy for people trying cloisonne for the first time to succeed．Participants spend months making one piece， which they take home or give friends as presents．It’s a luxury for people to spend time alone and fully focus on one thing nowadays because of the fast pace of life．Participants come to the workshop not only to create art， but also to take a break from their busy lives． 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一对夫妇因为对景泰蓝瓷器的热爱，决定开设一个DIY工作坊，让更多的人了解并亲手制作景泰蓝瓷器的故事。 4.What can we learn about the couple？ A．They both grew up in Beijing． B．They both majored in cloisonne art． C．They are both familiar with cloisonne． D．They both quit their previous jobs． √ 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Born and raised in Beijing， 35-year-old Li is no stranger to cloisonne...His wife...is also familiar with cloisonne...”可知，这对夫妇都熟悉景泰蓝。故选C。 5.What inspired the couple to open Handcraft Addicted？ A．Their grandparents’ cloisonne vases． B．Their hobby in handcraft techniques． C．Cloisonne objects in Guan’s art books． D．Cloisonne on exhibition in the Palace Museum． √ 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“We learned cloisonne after seeing the pieces displayed in the Palace Museum．We wanted to turn our hobby into a career...”可知，激发他们开设工作坊的灵感来自于在故宫博物院看到的景泰蓝展品。故选D。 6.What does the underlined word “glimpse” in Paragraph 3 probably mean？ A．Chance．　　 B．Sight． C．Skill．　　 D．Guidance． √ 词义猜测题。根据文章第三段“They are happy to give people a glimpse of the traditional techniques of cloisonne...”结合上下文，他们开设工作坊是为了让人们了解和体验景泰蓝工艺，因此“glimpse”在此意为“一瞥”或“初步了解”，与“sight”含义相近。故选B。 7.Which of the following can best describe the couple？ A．Modest and warm-hearted． B．Generous and considerate． C．Outgoing and dedicated． D．Creative and determined． √ 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“the couple made the daring decision to open a workshop”和第三段“quitting his job to launch Handcraft Addicted”以及第四段“allows participants to create the designs they want”可推知，这对夫妇既有辞职创业的决心，又在工艺创作上富有创新精神。故选D。 C (2025·河南省驻马店市高三上期末) 　　Humor plays a great role in helping one deal with stress， anger， fear， anxiety and other difficult emotions．Sometimes， that means purposefully shoring up defenses against hard times to come．Other times it can mean laughing when you want to cry， or cracking an illogical joke when it feels like the sky is falling and Earth is on fire． 　　To psychologists， humor is an unconscious coping mechanism， a kind of strategic behavior or thought．Not all of these strategies are beneficial： Drinking or overeating， for example， is more dangerous coping mechanisms， whereas humor taps creativity into stress， which can enable a viewpoint shift and block distressing emotions． 　　And of course， there’s the physical reaction of humor： laughter．With it comes better breathing， muscle relaxation and a higher pain tolerance．“The stress is there； you just don’t feel it as much，” says psychologist Sultanoff． 　　Of course， humor isn’t foolproof： Making the wrong joke in the wrong way is just as likely to increase stress and disconnection．Mean-spirited or disparaging (贬低的) humor actually causes people to be further apart and increases division． 　　“Humor can arise during stress without cause or effort to make it．But humor can also be played consciously，” Sultanoff says， adding that he sometimes travels with a clown nose to find fun in life’s everyday routine．“Joyful use of humor builds psychological antibodies (抗体)，” he says． 　　But taking up the power of humor doesn’t mean ignoring the negatives．The point is not to never feel difficult emotions．“Stress is there for a reason， and it’s to call your attention to a problem that needs to be solved，” Sultanoff says．“When you experience a negative emotion like sadness or anger or frustration， it’s important to recognize why that’s there．” Turning to humor too soon may prevent someone from processing emotions in a healthy way， increasing stress rather than decreasing it．“By expressing humor you give yourself a break．And we all need a little break，” Sultanoff says． 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章讨论了幽默的作用，然后进一步从心理学家的角度来看幽默是在哪个层面上发挥作用。 8.How is humor helpful as a coping mechanism？ A．It prevents hard times coming． B．It means an emotional release． C．It generates positive mindsets． D．It inspires artistic creativity． √ 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“humor taps creativity into stress， which can enable a viewpoint shift and block distressing emotions”可知，幽默能带来视角转变并阻断痛苦情绪，由此可推知它能帮助产生积极心态。故选C。 9.Why does the author talk about laughter？ A．To correct a misunderstanding． B．To illustrate an effect of humor． C．To distinguish humor from it． D．To warn the danger of stress． √ 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“With it comes better breathing， muscle relaxation and a higher pain tolerance．‘The stress is there； you just don’t feel it as much，’ says psychologist Sultanoff．”可知，作者谈论笑声是为了具体说明幽默带来的生理效应。故选B。 10.Which of the following is called disparaging humor in Paragraph 4？ A．Making your friend look stupid． B．Telling a story in a funny way． C．Wearing clown clothes at a party． D．Laughing at your own mistakes． √ 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Mean-spirited or disparaging(贬低的) humor actually causes people to be further apart and increases division．”可知，贬低性幽默会疏远人际关系，因此“让朋友出丑”符合这一描述。故选A。 11.What does Sultanoff think of a difficult emotion？ A．It’s something we should avoid． B．It’s a reminder of our problems． C．It draws our attention to humor． D．It gives us a break from routine． √ 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Stress is there for a reason， and it’s to call your attention to a problem that needs to be solved...it’s important to recognize why that’s there．”可知，Sultanoff认为困难情绪是提醒我们注意需要解决的问题的信号。故选B。 D (2025·河南省郑州市高三一模) 　　Artificial intelligence (AI) might be the biggest winner of the Nobel Prize in 2024.US scientist John Hopfield and British-Canadian Geoffrey Hinton won the 2024 Nobel Prize in physics for discoveries and inventions in machine learning that paved the way for the AI rapid growth， according to Reuters． 　　In 1982， Hopfield created a network that helps computers store and recall patterns， similar to how our brains remember things．A year later， Hinton developed the Boltzmann machine， which allows computers to learn independently to recognize patterns in data， such as identifying specific objects in images． 　　As for the Nobel Prize in chemistry， US scientists David Baker and John Jumper， along with British computer scientist Demis Hassabis， won the prize．Half the prize was awarded to Baker for “computational protein design” while the other half was shared by Jumper and Hassabis for their development of the AI model AlphaFold2. 　　Scientists struggled for decades to predict how proteins fold into their 3D shapes that determine their function．However， AlphaFold2， developed by AI research laboratory DeepMind， can accurately predict the 3D structures of nearly all known proteins， showing great potential in the field of drug development． 　　“AI can be a powerful tool for solving problems that involve obtaining outputs from inputs， showing its great potential in scientific research，” Professor Yang Maojun from Tsinghua University told Science and Technology Daily． 　　In his view， AI applications are not limited to fields like biology， chemistry or physics．Their range mainly depends on how well problems from the real world can be abstracted into a form that AI can learn and process， and whether there is sufficient real-world data to train and build deep learning networks． 　　AI’s importance in scientific research is increasingly evident．Yang believes that scientists should actively accept this trend while remaining aware of AI’s limitations．Hinton expressed a similar concern at the Nobel press conference．“We also have to worry about a number of possible bad consequences， particularly the threat of these things getting out of control，” he said． 　　“Humans carry the responsibility for using this new technology in a safe and ethical (合乎道德的) way， for the greatest benefit of humankind，” said Ellen Moons， chair of the Nobel Committee for Physics． 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述人工智能可能是今年诺贝尔奖的最大赢家。美国科学John Hopfield和英裔加拿大人Geoffrey Hinton获得了诺贝尔物理学奖，他们的发明为人工智能的快速发展铺平了道路。诺贝尔化学奖也有与人工智能相关的贡献。 12.What was John Hopfield’s contribution to the 2024 Nobel Prize in physics？ A．Inventing a new learning machine． B．Designing a new type of data processor． C．Creating an AI model for image analysis． D．Developing a network for pattern storage． √ 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In 1982， Hopfield created a network that helps computers store and recall patterns...”可知，John Hopfield的贡献是开发了一个用于模式存储的网络。故选D。 13.Why is AlphaFold2 important in the field of drug development？ A．It can forecast protein folding patterns． B．It can produce new proteins for drug use． C．It can identify proteins related to diseases． D．It can analyze the genetic orders of proteins． √ 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“AlphaFold2.．．can accurately predict the 3D structures of nearly all known proteins， showing great potential in the field of drug development．”可知，AlphaFold2的重要性在于它能预测蛋白质的折叠模式。故选A。 14.What may determine the potential of AI applications according to Yang Maojun？ A．The accuracy of AI training data． B．The effectiveness of machine learning． C．The availability of enough real-world data． D．The level of real-world problem settlement． √ 细节理解题。根据文章第六段“Their range mainly depends on...whether there is sufficient real-world data to train and build deep learning networks．”可知，杨茂军认为AI应用的潜力取决于是否有足够的真实世界数据。故选C。 15.What can be the best title of the passage？ A．AI also has its weak points B．AI should benefit humankind C．AI steals the show at the Nobel Prize D．AI may run out of control in the future √ 标题归纳题。根据全文内容，尤其是第一段“Artificial intelligence (AI) might be the biggest winner of the Nobel Prize in 2024.”以及后文详细介绍AI相关成果在诺贝尔物理学奖和化学奖中的突出表现可知，文章最佳标题是“AI在诺贝尔奖中抢尽风头”。故选C。 Ⅱ．阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) (2025·山东省青岛市高三下二模) 　　Mental resilience (韧性) has become a vital skill in today’s fast-paced world．　　1　　 Research indicates that individuals with high resilience levels are 35 % more likely to maintain mental health during long-term stress．Let’s explore scientifically proven methods to strengthen this ability． 　　The Main Idea Explained 　　Resilience is not about reducing stress but managing it effectively．Emerging neurobiological evidence sheds light on this positively adaptive process．　　2　　 Neuroscientists (神经学家) compare it to muscle training： facing proper challenges regularly improves mental ability to adjust．For instance， a 2023 Harvard study showed that proper stress increased brain thickness in areas related to making decisions． 　　Physical Activity as a Foundation 　　Exercise is universally recognized as a key resilience-building tool．During aerobic workouts， the body produces BDNF (脑源性神经营养因子)， a protein important for brain development．　　3　　 Meanwhile， this chemical process not only improved mood but also strengthens mental abilities．To maximize benefits， experts suggest combining 30 minutes of daily exercise with relaxation methods such as deep breathing． 　　The Power of Social Bonds 　　Human beings succeed through meaningful connections．Strong social networks act as psychological safety nets during crises．　　4　　 A Stanford University study over many years found that people with strong social support recovered 50% faster from emotional difficulties than those who were isolated．Surprisingly， online communication through video calls was 80% as effective as face-to-face meetings in recent tests． 　　Methods to Change Negative Thoughts 　　How we view difficulties shapes our mental resilience．Psychologists suggest changing extreme negative ideas like “I can’t handle this” into positive views such as “This is hard but possible．”A 2022 study found that daily gratitude practice lowers stress hormones by 25% in threeweeks．　　5　　 A．Therefore， building strong connections should be a key goal． B．Creative activities like painting unexpectedly better stress tolerance． C．Workplace culture significantly impacts employees’ stress management． D．This natural process helps maintain stable emotions and enhances clear thinking． E．Moreover， actively noticing small daily successes helps develop positive thinking． F．This psychological training strengthens the brain’s ability to handle future challenges． G．It refers to the ability to recover from difficulties while keeping basic operations running． 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。介绍了在当今快节奏的世界中，心理韧性已成为一项至关重要的技能，并探讨了科学证实的增强心理韧性的方法，包括正确理解韧性、进行体育活动、建立社会联系以及改变消极想法等。 　　Mental resilience (韧性) has become a vital skill in today’s fast-paced world．__________________________________________________________ ___________________Research indicates that individuals with high resilience levels are 35 % more likely to maintain mental health during long-term stress．Let’s explore scientifically proven methods to strengthen this ability． It refers to the ability to recover from difficulties while keeping basic operations running． 根据上文“Mental resilience(韧性) has become a vital skill in today’s fast-paced world．”可知，此处需对“心理韧性”下定义，G项准确解释了该概念。故选G。 　　The Main Idea Explained Resilience is not about reducing stress but managing it effectively．Emerging neurobiological evidence sheds light on this positively adaptive process．_________________________________________________ ______________________ Neuroscientists (神经学家) compare it to muscle training： facing proper challenges regularly improves mental ability to adjust．For instance， a 2023 Harvard study showed that proper stress increased brain thickness in areas related to making decisions． This psychological training strengthens the brain’s ability to handle future challenges． 根据上文“Emerging neurobiological evidence sheds light on this positively adaptive process．”可知，此处应说明此适应过程的作用，F项承接上文，说明其增强大脑应对能力的功效。故选F。 　　Physical Activity as a Foundation Exercise is universally recognized as a key resilience-building tool．During aerobic workouts， the body produces BDNF (脑源性神经营养因子)， a protein important for brain development．______________________ ______________________________________________ Meanwhile， this chemical process not only improved mood but also strengthens mental abilities．To maximize benefits， experts suggest combining 30 minutes of daily exercise with relaxation methods such as deep breathing． This natural process helps maintain stable emotions and enhances clear thinking． 根据上文“During aerobic workouts， the body produces BDNF(脑源性神经营养因子)， a protein important for brain development．”可知，此处需阐述这一自然过程带来的益处，D项恰当地说明了BDNF产生对情绪和思维的积极影响。故选D。 　　The Power of Social Bonds 　　Human beings succeed through meaningful connections．Strong social networks act as psychological safety nets during crises．___________________ __________________________________ A Stanford University study over many years found that people with strong social support recovered 50% faster from emotional difficulties than those who were isolated．Surprisingly， online communication through video calls was 80% as effective as face-to-face meetings in recent tests． Therefore， building strong connections should be a key goal． 根据上文“Strong social networks act as psychological safety nets during crises．”及下文研究数据可知，此处应得出结论，A项自然引出建立社交联系的重要性。故选A。 　　Methods to Change Negative Thoughts 　　How we view difficulties shapes our mental resilience．Psychologists suggest changing extreme negative ideas like “I can’t handle this” into positive views such as “This is hard but possible．”A 2022 study found that daily gratitude practice lowers stress hormones by 25% in three weeks．_________________________________________________________________________ Moreover， actively noticing small daily successes helps develop positive thinking． 根据上文对转变消极想法和感恩练习的论述，此处需补充培养积极思维的另一种方法，E项以递进关系补充了具体建议。故选E。 B卷 Ⅰ．阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分) A (2025·广西壮族自治区柳州市三模) 　　Confidence is influential．A study by Matthias Brauer of the University of Mannheim and his co-authors analysed language used in letters from activist investors．It found that more confident letters were associated with more successful activist campaigns． 　　Confidence wins status， too．In a study published in 2012 by Cameron Anderson of the University of California， students on an MBA course were asked to take an online survey before they started classes．The questionnaire asked participants to say if they recognized certain names， events and works of art unknown to them．The options included both real choices， such as Maximilien Robespierre and “Pygmalion”， and made-up ones like Bonnie Prince Lorenzo and “Winermere Wild”．Overconfident students who had picked more “invented” entries turned out to have the most influence on their classmates， and they were also the ones who were trusted the most， according to end-of-term ratings． 　　As much as confidence brings rewards， however， it also brings danger．Work by Ulrike Malmendier of the University of California， has found that overconfident bosses are much more likely to undertake acquisitions (收购)．Thus， their acquisitions are also more likely to destroy the value of the company．Another paper， by Guoli Chen of INSEAD and his co-authors， looked at the relationship between bosses’ confidence and their earnings forecasts．The researchers found that bosses with inflated (膨胀的) levels of self-belief were slower to adjust their forecasts when they proved inaccurate．“Put simply，” they concluded， “overconfident bosses who make mistakes continue to be wrong for longer．” 　　This messy picture is divided into two broad directions for managers to reflect on．First，puffed-up people need guardrails．A new paper by Priscilla Kraft of WHU， a German business school finds that overconfident bosses of American high-tech firms have a better record of making breakthrough innovations if they are managed by powerful and expert boards (董事会)．Second， self-doubters need encouragement to fulfil their potential．That might come from managers， advisors or even themselves． 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是过度自信的双重影响，以及如何通过适当管理来平衡其在职场中的利弊。 1.Why did overconfident students have more influence on their classmates in the study in 2012？ A．They were more active in class discussion． B．They had a better understanding of the survey． C．Their overconfidence made them more reliable． D．They made more correct options in the questionnaire． √ 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Overconfident students...turned out to have the most influence on their classmates， and they were also the ones who were trusted the most...”可知，过度自信的学生之所以更有影响力，是因为他们最受信任。故选C。 2.What’s the potential risk for overconfident bosses according to Ulrike Malmendier？ A．Bringing too many rewards． B．Leading to certain loss． C．Avoiding acquisitions． D．Expanding their business． √ 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“overconfident bosses are much more likely to undertake acquisitions(收购)...their acquisitions are also more likely to destroy the value of the company”可知，Ulrike Malmendier认为过度自信的老板进行收购更可能摧毁公司价值，即导致损失。故选B。 3.What does the underlined sentence “puffed-up people need guardrails” in Paragraph 4 mean？ A．Overconfident people need proper management． B．Overconfident people should be encouraged． C．Overconfident people need more power． D．Overconfident people shoulder more responsibility． √ 句意理解题。根据文章第四段“overconfident bosses...have a better record...if they are managed by powerful and expert boards”可知，画线句意为过度自信的人需要被适当管理。故选A。 4.What can we know from the studies mentioned in the passage？ A．Confidence always leads to positive outcomes． B．Self-doubters are more likely to succeed in the long run． C．The level of confidence has no relation to one’s influence． D．Overconfidence can have both advantages and disadvantages． √ 推理判断题。根据全文内容，尤其是第二段描述过度自信带来的影响力(优势)和第三段指出其可能导致收购失败等风险(劣势)可知，过度自信既有优点也有缺点。故选D。 B (2025·陕西省菁师联盟高三一模) 　　Climate change is already having impacts like soaring temperatures， stronger hurricanes， intensified floods and a longer and more severe wildfire season．Scientists warn ignoring it will bring “untold suffering” to humanity．But will it lead to humans extinction？ 　　If we just consider the direct impacts， it’s unlikely to cause our extinction．However， climate change can still endanger hundreds of millions of lives．It may cause food and water shortage， potentially leading to a societal collapse and global conflict． 　　Humans are increasing the amount of greenhouse gases， like carbon dioxide and methane， in the atmosphere through the burning of fossil fuels and other activities．These gases trap and hold heat from the sun， causing global temperatures to rise and the climate to change much faster than it otherwise would， putting humanity on a dangerous path． 　　A runaway (失温) greenhouse effect is probably the only way climate change impacts could directly cause human extinction， according to Luke Kemp， a research associate at the Centre at the University of Cambridge in the United Kingdom．Fortunately， the runaway greenhouse effect is unlikely to occur on Earth．For the effect to occur， a planet needs carbon dioxide levels of a couple of thousand parts per million (Earth has a little over 400 parts per million) or a huge release of methane， and there isn’t evidence for that at this time， Brian Kahn， a research scientist told NASA in 2018. 　　Michael Mann， an atmospheric science professor， says a global temperature increase of 3℃ or more could lead to a collapse of societal infrastructure (社会基础设施) and massive conflict， similar to Hollywood films． 　　Climate change could cause a societal collapse by creating food insecurity．Planet warming negatively impacts food production， like increasing water shortage and reducing food harvests， Live Science reported．Food production losses can increase human deaths， drive economic loss and socio-political instability． 　　While avoiding complete extinction doesn’t appear to be a very promising aspect of climate change， there is reason for hope．Experts say it isn’t too late to avoid the worst-case scenarios (情况) with significant cuts to greenhouse gas emissions． 　　“It is up to us，” Mann said．“If we fail to reduce carbon emissions substantially in the decade ahead， we are likely committed to a worsening of already dangerous extreme weather events， coastlines inundation (淹没) due to melting ice and rising sea level， more pressure on limited resources as a growing global population competes for less food， water and space due to climate change impacts．If we act boldly now， we can avoid the worst impacts．” 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章要讨论了气候变化的影响、人类活动对气候变化的贡献、气候变化可能导致的社会问题以及应对气候变化的 措施。 5.What are the current impacts of climate change mentioned in the passage？ A．More rainfall and shorter wildfire seasons． B．Lower sea-levels， fewer wildfires， and stable climate． C．Rising temperatures， stronger hurricanes， and intensified floods． D．Decreasing temperatures， weaker hurricanes， and less severe floods． √ 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Climate change is already having impacts like soaring temperatures， stronger hurricanes， intensified floods...”可知，目前气候变化的影响包括气温飙升、更强的飓风和更严重的洪水。故选C。 6.What is required for a runaway greenhouse effect to occur？ A．An enormous amount of methane emissions． B．An increase in the amount of oxygen in the atmosphere． C．A decrease in the amount of methane in the atmosphere． D．Carbon dioxide levels of a few hundred parts per million． √ 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“For the effect to occur a planet needs...or a huge release of methane...”可知，发生失控温室效应需要大量甲烷释放。故选A。 7.What can be inferred from the passage？ A．Humans will not be affected by climate change in the future． B．Scientists have found a way to completely stop climate change． C．The runaway greenhouse effect is likely to happen on Earth in the future． D．Climate change doesn’t directly cause human extinction but brings serious problems． √ 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“If we just consider the direct impacts， it’s unlikely to cause our extinction．However， climate change can still endanger hundreds of millions of lives．”可知，气候变化虽不直接导致灭绝，但会带来严重问题。故选D。 8.What is the main idea of the passage？ A．To describe the possible solutions to climate change． B．To explain how climate change is caused by human activities． C．To discuss whether climate change could lead to human extinction． D．To introduce the main impacts of greenhouse gases on the atmosphere． √ 主旨大意题。根据全文内容，尤其是第一段提出的问题“But will it lead to humans extinction？”以及后文围绕此问题展开的讨论可知，文章主要探讨气候变化是否会导致人类灭绝。故选C。 Ⅱ．阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) (2025·湖北省部分高中协作体高三二模) 　　Having a good sense of humor makes you more enjoyable to be around．　 1　　．Here’s how you can develop your sense of humor． 　　·Surround Yourself With Humor 　　You learn more effectively when you fully expose yourself to a subject．Similarly， you can improve your sense of humor by surrounding yourself with humor．Watch stand-up comedians．Listen to programs that amuse you．Read humorous books．　　2　　． 　　·Learn What Amuses You 　　　　3　　．We amuse our friends by praising a change they made．However， when it comes to being funny， don’t change your sense of humor to amuse other people．Instead， start with what amuses you．Then， if you think the other person will also be amused with it， share it with them． 　　·Think About Timing And Audience 　　You don’t have to be funny all the time， so don’t expect that of yourself．When you catch yourself trying to be funny， slow down．Simply speak slower so you’re not as likely to stop and repeat yourself．Try speaking at 60%-70 % of your usual rate．　　4　　． 　　·　　5　　 　　You don’t need to seize every single opportunity to be funny．If you’re in the middle of a bad joke， just end it．“You know what， now that I’m telling it， it’s not as funny as it sounded in my head，” can be a bit of an awkward end and hurt your pride a little bit， but it saves everyone time and patience．In the long run， they’ll respect your taste． A．Be Creative， Not Silly B．Pause in between sentences C．There’s a lot of fun out there D．You might also do better at work E．Know When To Pull The Plug On Yourself F．You can also try your hand in the real world G．A lot of times， we say things purely to please others 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何培养幽默感。 根据上文“Having a good sense of humor makes you more enjoyable to be around．”可知，上文介绍有幽默感的好处。根据下文“Here’s how you can develop your sense of humor．”可知，下文引出如何培养幽默感。故空格处应承接上文，继续补充幽默感的好处。故选D项。 　　Having a good sense of humor makes you more enjoyable to be around．______________________________．Here’s how you can develop your sense of humor． You might also do better at work 　　·Surround Yourself With Humor 　　You learn more effectively when you fully expose yourself to a subject．Similarly， you can improve your sense of humor by surrounding yourself with humor．Watch stand-up comedians．Listen to programs that amuse you．Read humorous books．_________________________． 根据上文“Watch stand-up comedians．Listen to programs that amuse you．Read humorous books．”可知，上文这些做法都可以帮助培养幽默感。故选C项。 There’s a lot of fun out there 　　·Learn What Amuses You 　　______________________________________________．We amuse our friends by praising a change they made．However， when it comes to being funny， don’t change your sense of humor to amuse other people．Instead， start with what amuses you．Then， if you think the other person will also be amused with it， share it with them． A lot of times， we say things purely to please others 根据下文“We amuse our friends by praising a change they made．However， when it comes to being funny， don’t change your sense of humor to amuse other people．”可知，下文讲到我们通过赞扬朋友所做的改变来取悦他们。但However后又说我们不要为了取悦他人而改变自己幽默感。由此推知，空格处应围绕“取悦他人”。故选G项。 　　·Think About Timing And Audience 　　You don’t have to be funny all the time， so don’t expect that of yourself．When you catch yourself trying to be funny， slow down．Simply speak slower so you’re not as likely to stop and repeat yourself．Try speaking at 60%-70 % of your usual rate．________________________． Pause in between sentences 根据本段小标题“Think About Timing And Audience”可知，本段主要围绕时机和受众给出建议。故选B项。 　　·_____________________________________　 　　You don’t need to seize every single opportunity to be funny．If you’re in the middle of a bad joke， just end it．“You know what， now that I’m telling it， it’s not as funny as it sounded in my head，” can be a bit of an awkward end and hurt your pride a little bit， but it saves everyone time and patience．In the long run， they’ll respect your taste． 空格处是本段小标题。从前面几个小标题的句式结构可知，此处应填入祈使句。根据下文“You don’t need to seize every single opportunity to be funny．If you’re in the middle of a bad joke， just end it．”可知，本段主要建议人们要学会适可而止。故选E项。 Know When To Pull The Plug On Yourself Ⅲ．完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) (2025·陕西省西安市高三二模) 　　For years， Nicole Laeno had hoped to attend the University of California， Los Angeles．To her　　1　　， she knew she was not offered a spot in the university this year．Even though the 　　2　　 wasn’t what Laeno had wanted， she shared her 　　3　　 reaction online， getting over 47 million views and over 44，000 　　4　　， one of which was from ABC News reporter Rachel Scott， “I got 　　5　　 by my dream school like you but it was the 　　6　　 thing that ever happened to me．You can’t 　　7　　 all the things in the future but one day， 　　8　　 and you’ll see it lead you to where you should be．So it might not be that bad．” 　　When Laeno got her rejection letter from her dream school， it was just kind of like a　　9　　 to her heart．But she knew she would get through the 　　10　　 time together with her family by her side．Laeno said she has 　　11　　 cried it all out， so she has decided to attend another school． 　　To any other seniors who are going through this　　12　　 and maybe are still feeling the disappointment and loss，　　13　　 it all out if necessary but they will go to a place where they understand that rejection is a(n) 　　14　　 and they will end up where they are supposed to，happy and 　　15　　 for a different thing． 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Nicole Laeno在得知自己未被梦想学校录取后的反应以及她如何面对这一挫折，并鼓励其他经历类似情况的学生。 1.A．disappointment B．anger C．surprise D．relief 2.A．offer B．result C．purpose D．chance √ 根据下文“she knew she was not offered a spot in the university this year．”可知，她很失望。故选A。 √ 根据上文“she knew she was not offered a spot in the university this year．”可知，没被录取是结果。故选B。 3.A．physical B．social C．emotional D．technical 4.A．stories B．requests C．comments D．warnings √ 根据下文“getting over 47 million views”以及上文的“disappointment”可知，她在网上分享了她的情感反应。故选C。 √ 根据文章上文“views”可知，她获得了大量的评论。故选C。 5.A．reported B．rejected C．respected D．confused 6.A．best B．hardest C．warmest D．rarest √ 根据下文“like you”可知，Rachel Scott也被拒绝过。故选B。 √ 根据下文“So it might not be that bad”可知，Rachel Scott认为被拒绝是发生在自己身上最好的事情。故选A。 7.A．mix B．keep C．expose D．predict 8.A．give in B．wake up C．calm down D．look back √ 根据下文“all the things in the future”以及常识可知，无法预测未来的所有事情。故选D。 √ 根据下文“you’ll see it lead you to where you should be”可知，指回头看时。故选D。 9.A．comfort B．promise C．knife D．favor 10.A．absurd B．tough C．lucky D．peaceful 根据下文“her heart”可知，指刀插入心脏，意在指难受和伤心。故 选C。 √ √ 被梦想的学校拒绝了，所以正在经历艰难时期。故选B。 11.A．probably B．hardly C．regularly D．suddenly 12.A．operation B．movement C．emergency D．process 根据下文“so she has decided to attend another school．”可知，可能哭干了泪水，想明白了要去另一所学校上学。故选A。 √ √ 根据“going through”可知，指经历这个过程的高年级学生。故选D。 13.A．sing B．scream C．laugh D．cry 14.A．possession B．redirection C．permission D．achievement 根据上文“cry it all”可知，如果有必要，他们可以哭出来。故选D。 √ √ 根据上文“they will go to a place”可知，他们会去一个地方，在那里他们会明白拒绝是一种重定向。故选B。 15.A．embarrassed B．confused C．excited D．amused 根据上文“happy”可知，他们会快乐。故选C。 √ 1.考查非谓语动词。空处修饰名词efforts，表示目的，用不定式作后置定语。故填to bridge。 Ⅳ．语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) (2025·河北省唐山市高三下二模) 　　Liu Jiakun， the respected Chinese architect， has been awarded the 2025 Pritzker Architecture Prize， recognizing his efforts 1.___________ (bridge) tradition and modernity．The Pritzker judges praised Liu for his deep respect for culture， history， and nature． to bridge 　　Liu’s journey in architecture has been shaped by deep personal experiences and cultural influences．As a child， he would climb to the rooftop and gaze (凝视) over traditional wooden 2._______ ( home)．This early fascination with the built environment laid the foundation for his architectural philosophy 3.________ (root) in memory， place， and transformation．Yet， his path was not always certain．After finishing school， he thought about quitting architecture completely， but an inspiring exhibition by a former classmate put 4._____ on a path to change modern Chinese architecture． homes rooted him 2.考查名词的数。home为可数名词，此处泛指多座房屋，用复数形式。故填homes。 3.考查非谓语动词。空处作后置定语，philosophy与root为被动关系，用过去分词。故填rooted。 4.考查代词。空处作put的宾语，指代前文he，用宾格him。故填him。 　　Central to Liu’s work is the idea that identity is both personal and collective．He revisits tradition as a “springboard (跳板) for innovation”， seeking to integrate the past 5._______ modern technology． with 5.考查介词。integrate...with...为固定搭配，意为“将……与……结合”。故填with。 　　A defining metaphor of Liu’s philosophy is his desire to be “like water”， which 6.__________ (adapt) to the local environment without setting a fixed form．He envisions architecture as an organic process， one that absorbs the spirit of a place and grows 7.__________ (natural) over time．“The water gradually solidifies，” he writes， “transforming into architecture， and perhaps even into the highest form of human spiritual 8.________ (create)．” adapts naturally creation 6.考查时态和主谓一致。which指代desire，单数，从句陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。故填adapts。 7.考查副词。空处修饰动词grows，用副词作状语。故填naturally。 8.考查名词。空处作介词of的宾语，用名词形式。故填creation。 　　In a global context 9._________ architecture is struggling to find sufficient responses to fast-developing social and environmental challenges， Liu Jiakun has provided 10.______________ (convince) answers that celebrate the everyday lives of people as well as their social and spiritual identities． 语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了中国著名建筑师刘家琨荣获 2025 年普利兹克建筑奖，以表彰他在连接传统与现代方面所做出的努力。 where convincing 10.考查形容词。空处作定语修饰answers，用形容词。故填convincing。 返回 9.考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词context，在从句中作地点状语。故填where。 谢 谢 观 看 Unit 4　Humour $