选修1 Unit 1 Relationships（课件PPT）-【金版新学案】2027年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（北师大版）

该高中英语高考复习课件聚焦北师大版选择性必修第一册Unit 1 Relationships，依据高考评价体系梳理了核心词汇、经典句型、阅读理解及写作等考查维度，通过近五年高考真题（如2023浙江卷、2024新课标卷）分析高频考点分布，归纳语法填空、应用文写作等常考题型，构建系统备考体系。 课件亮点在于“词汇-句型-语篇”三阶实战训练，如核心词汇“lack”通过“用法归纳+真题语境+写作应用”突破，结合读后续写情感细节描写培养思维品质，助力学生掌握答题技巧，教师可据此精准教学，提升复习效率。

高三总复习讲义 北师大版 Unit 1　Relationships 选择性必修　第一册 03 巩固核心知识 02 探究必备知识 夯实语言基础 01 内容索引 04 提升关键能力 05 单元测评 夯实语言基础 返回 注： 表示该词的熟词生义。 Ⅰ．阅读单词 1.trait n． 特性，品质 2.niece n． 侄女，外甥女 3.nephew n． 侄子，外甥 4.flu n． 流行性感冒，流感 5.triangle n． 三角形 6.hydrogen n． 氢 7.rocket n． 火箭 8.acid n． 酸 9.onion n． 洋葱 10.feedback n． 反馈意见 11.laptop n． 笔记本电脑，便携式电脑 12.app n． 应用程序 13.wired adj． 联网的；极其兴奋的 14.mate n． 朋友，伙伴 15.scroll vi． 上下滚动 16.inch n． 英寸 v． (使朝某方向)缓慢移动 17.chatter vi． 唠叨，喋喋不休 18.booze n． 酒 19.hard-wired adj． 硬件控制的；天生的 Ⅱ．核心单词 1.outgoing adj． 外向的，好交际的 2.host vt． 主办；主持；做……的东道主 n． 主人；主持人；东道主；许多，大量 3.angle n． 角；角度，观点 vt． 斜置 4.pour vt． 灌，注，倒；(雨)倾盆而下 vi． 不断涌向(或涌现) 5.fuel n． 燃料 vt． (给……)加燃料；增强，刺激 6.drag vt． 拖，拉 7.worthwhile adj． 值得做的；重要的；有益的 8.handle vt． 处理(难题)；应付(局面) n． 柄，把手 9.upset vt． 生气，使心烦意乱；弄翻，打翻； 打 乱，扰乱(计划、安排等) adj． 烦恼的，心烦意乱的 10.raise vt． 举起；提出，提起；筹(款)；养育；饲养 11.highlight vt． 标出；突出显示 n． 高潮，最精彩的部分 12.manner n． 方式，方法；举止；态度(pl．)礼貌， 礼仪 13.sensitive adj． 敏感的；善解人意的 14.dorm n． 寝室，学生宿舍 15.flow n． 流动 vi． 流，流动 16.million n． 百万 17.deadline n． 截止日期，最后期限 18.chase vi．& vt． 努力赢得 n． 追逐，追赶 19.delay vi．& vt． 推迟，延期 20.bend vi．& vt． (使四肢等)弯曲；弯腰；俯身 21.extraordinary adj． 令人惊奇的，异乎寻常的 22.behalf n． 代表…… 23.topic n． 话题，题目 24.principle n． 原则；行为准则 25.contrast n． 差异，差别 vt． 形成对比 Ⅲ．拓展单词 1.humour n．幽默感 →humorous adj．幽默的 2.passionate adj．热爱的，酷爱的；具有强烈信念的 →passionately adv．热情地；强烈地 →passion n．热爱；激情 3.incredible adj．极好的；难以置信的 →incredibly adv．难以置信地；非常地 4.occasionally adv．偶尔；偶然 →occasion n．场合，时刻 →occasional adj．偶尔的；偶然的 5.emotional adj．激起感情的；情感上的 →emotionally adv．情感上；情绪上 →emotion n．情感；情绪 6.extremely adv．极度，极其 →extreme n．极端 adj．极端的 7.grateful adj．感激的，感谢的 →gratefully adv．感激地 8.practical adj．实际的；实践的；切实可行的 →practice n．&v．练习 →practically adv．实际地；切实可行地 9.lack vt．缺乏；缺少 n．缺乏；短缺 →lacking adj．缺乏的；不足的 10.presentation n．报告；陈述，说明；介绍；展示 →present vt．颁发；出示(证件等供检查)；展示，表现；提交 n．礼物 adj．现在的，目前的；出席的 11.access n．进入；通道，入口；接触的机会vt．到达，进入；访问；获取(计算机数据) →accessible adj．可进入的；可达到的；可使用的；易懂的；平易近人的 12.preference n．偏爱，偏好 →prefer v．更喜欢；宁愿 13.intention n．意图，目的；打算 →intend vi．& vt．计划；打算；想要 14.demanding adj．要求严格的；费力的 →demand vt．强烈要求；需要 n．要求；需求 15.tense n．时态 adj．紧张的，担心的 →tension n．紧张；焦虑 16.socialise vi．交友；交际；交往 →social adj．社会的；社交的 →socially adv．在社会上；在社交上 →society n．社会；协会；社团 17.constantly adv．持续不断地 →constant adj．持续不断的 18.associate vt．与某人交往；联系 →associated adj．有联系的 →association n．联系；协会，社团 19.barely adv．几乎不 →bare adj．裸露的；光秃秃的；仅有的，最基本的 20.reserved adj．含蓄的；内敛的 →reserve n．(野生生物)保护区 vt．保留，保存，储备；预定 →reservation n．保留；(房间、座位等的)预订 21.distracted adj．心神不定的，精神无法集中的 →distract vt．分散(注意力)，使分心 →distraction n．使人分心的事物 22.reality n．现实；真实 →real adj．真实的；现实的 →really adv．真正地；确实地 →realise vt．实现；意识到 23.obsess vt．使迷恋 →obsession n．痴迷；使人痴迷的人(或物) →obsessive adj．着迷的；迷恋的；难以释怀的 →obsessed adj．着迷的 24.dominate vi．& vt．主宰，支配，控制 →domination n．控制；统治 →dominant adj．首要的；占支配地位的；显著的 25.stimulation n．刺激 →stimulate vt．刺激；激励；激发 26.depressed adj．沮丧的，忧愁的 →depress vt．使抑郁；使萧条 →depressing adj．令人忧愁的，使人沮丧的 →depression n．抑郁症；消沉；萧条期 27.rude adj．无礼的 →rudely adv．无礼地；粗鲁地 →rudeness n．粗野；无礼；粗鲁 28.appointment n．约定；约会 →appoint v．任命，委派；指定；约定 →appointed adj．约定的；指定的 29.alcoholic n．酗酒者，嗜酒成瘾者 adj．(含)酒精的 →alcohol n．酒精 30.invitation n．邀请 →invite vt．邀请 31.innovation n．革新，创新 →innovative adj．新颖的，创新的，革新的 →innovate vi．& vt．革新，创新，改革 →innovator n．革新者，创新者 32.competitor n．选手，参赛者 →compete vi．参加比赛；竞争 →competition n．比赛；竞争 →competitive adj．竞争的 33.clarity n．清楚，清晰 →clarify vt．澄清，讲清楚，阐明 34.fluency n．流畅，熟练 →fluent adj．流畅的，熟练的 →fluently adv．流利地，熟练地 35.progression n．发展，变化 →progress n．进步；前进 vi．进步；前进 36.engagement n．参与；订婚；约定 →engage vt．参与，参加；吸；雇用，聘请 →engaged adj．忙于，从事；已订婚的；被占用的，使用中的 37.sincerely adv．真诚地，由衷地 →sincere adj．真诚的，由衷的 →sincerity n．真挚，诚心诚意 38.belong vi．应在(某处)；适应 →belonging n．归属；(pl．)动产，财物 39.defend vi．& vt．保护，保卫 →defence n．保护，保卫 →defensive adj．防御(性)的；戒备的，自卫的 40.politics n．政治，政治活动 →political adj．政治的 →politician n．政治家；政客 41.motivation n．动力，积极性 →motivate vt．激励；激发 →motivated adj．主动的；有积极性的 →unmotivated adj．不积极的，不主动的 →motivating adj．起激励作用的；激发(人)的 构词法 前缀out-表示“超过，胜过；出，外”。 outgoing adj．外向的； outstanding adj．杰出的； outperform v．胜过，做得比……好； output n．输出；产量 v．输出； outflow n．流出；外流 v．流出 后缀-fy与元音i组合，形成特别常用的ify后缀，意为“使成为，使……化” identify vt．识别，确认； satisfy vt．使满意，满足； simplify vt．简化；使简单； purify vt．净化；提纯； classify vt．分类；归类； qualify vt．(使)具有资格 Ⅳ．重点短语 1.________________ 初次，第一次 2._____________ 投入(倒)……于某物 3._____________ 一些，几个；一双，一对 4._____________ 过去经常，曾经 5.______________ 代表某人 6._________ 占据；从事 7._____________ 和……对比 8._________ 引爆；出发 9._________ 建立；启动 10._____________ 与某人交往 for the first time pour into a couple of used to on behalf of sb take up in contrast to set off associate with set up 11._______________ 对……过分担心 12.___________ 总计达到 13._________________ 对……缺乏信心 14.___________ 要是……就好了 15.________________ 获许进入 16._______________ 核查；仔细检查 17._____________ 追逐 obsess over add up to lack confidence in if only have access to check through chase after Ⅴ．经典句型 句型1：find＋宾语＋宾语补足语 I found it all so boring and difficult． 我觉得这一切既无聊又难以理解。 句型2：if only引导的虚拟条件句 Sometimes I think，if only I could call him and ask for his opinion! 有时(我)甚至想，如果能打电话征求他的意见就好了! 句型3：the first day引导时间状语从句 The first day he walked into my class，he was dragging his schoolbag behind him and looking bored... 第一天走进我的班级时，他的书包在身后拖着，一副百无聊赖的样子…… 句型4：动词不定式作定语 If you’re one of my 500 friends online，you’ll always be the first to know． 如果你是我的500个网友之一，你总会第一个知道。 句型5：否定副词位于句首引起部分倒装 ...not once did she lift her head to enjoy the view outside her window． ……她一次也没有抬起头欣赏窗外的景色。 返回 探究必备知识 返回 passionate adj．热爱的，酷爱的；具有强烈信念的(passionately adv．热情地；强烈地passion n．热爱；激情) 1 先练透　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Whatever you make up your mind to do，do it ______ passion and determination．(建议信) ②This event is a celebration of our creativity，hard work，and passion _____ the English language and theater． ③(2023·浙江1月卷)Instructors are ____________(passion) educators who are experts in their fields and have undergone training and a background check． with for passionate ④我如此热衷于在市图书馆读有关心理学的书，这样能使我具备更有意义的知识。(应用文写作之求职信) __________________________________ about psychology in the city library that I can equip myself with more meaningful knowledge． I am so passionate about reading books (1)be passionate about 对……有热情 (2)passion for 酷爱；热衷的爱好(或活动等) with passion 热情洋溢地，充满激情地 后归纳 lack vt．缺乏；缺少 n．缺乏；短缺(lacking adj．缺乏的；不足的) 2 先练透　单句语法填空/一句多译 ①The project failed because it __________(lack) sufficient funding and skilled workers． ②(2022·浙江6月卷)A lack ______ trust can make people work against you rather than for you． lacked of ③(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)由于缺乏信心，害怕被嘲笑，他犹豫着跑到起跑线。(读后续写之心理描写) →___________________ and afraid of being laughed at，he hesitated to run to the starting line． →____________________ and afraid of being laughed at，he hesitated to run to the starting line． →____________________ and afraid of being laughed at，he hesitated to run to the starting line． Lacking confidence Lacking in confidence For lack of confidence (1)lack sth缺少某物 (2)(a) lack of... ……的缺少 for lack of... 因缺少…… (3)be lacking in... 缺乏…… 后归纳 access n．进入；通道，入口；接触的机会vt．到达，进入；访问；获取(计算机数据)(accessible adj．可进入的；可达到的；可使用的；易懂的；平易近人的) 3 先练透　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Emmanuel Chappard，an experienced guide，has a passion for making the great outdoors ____________(access) to all． ②(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)As cities balloon with growth，access _______ nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find． accessible to ③另一个是书法展，学生可以在那里欣赏一些杰作并创作自己的作品。(应用文之活动介绍) The other is the Calligraphy Show，where students can ___________________ _____________ and create their own． have access to some masterpieces (1)have/get/gain/obtain access to... 得以接近/使用/进入…… give access to 准许出入 (2)be accessible to 容易进入的；(书、诗、画等) 易懂的 后归纳 upset vt．使生气，使心烦意乱；弄翻，打翻；打乱，扰乱(计划、安排等)adj．烦恼的，心烦意乱的 4 先练透　单句语法填空/完成句子/句式升级 ①The father was upset _________(know) that his son only used social networking rather than associated with his mates face to face． ②既沮丧又无助，我静静地站着，泪水顺着脸颊流淌。(读后续写之情绪 描写) __________________，I stood silently，tears streaming down my cheeks． to know Upset and helpless ③(2022·浙江1月卷)I was upset that my partner came down with a serious illness and was admitted to hospital．(读后续写之心理描写) →______________________ my partner came down with a serious illness and was admitted to hospital．(what主语从句) →_______________ my partner came down with a serious illness and was admitted to hospital．(it作形式主语) What upset me was that It upset me that (1)be/feel upset over/about/at... 对……感到难过/心烦 be upset to do sth 对做某事感到难过/心烦 be upset that... 对……感到难过/心烦 (2)What upset(s) sb is... 让某人心烦的是…… It upset(s) sb that... 让某人心烦的是…… 后归纳 ashamed adj．羞愧的；内疚的；惭愧的(shame n．羞耻；羞愧感shameful adj．可耻的；丢脸的shameless adj．不知羞耻的) 5 先练透　完成语段/一句多译 ①我很惭愧地说我对她撒谎了。换句话说，我为自己的可耻行为感到羞愧，这对我来说是一种耻辱。(读后续写之心理描写) __________________ that I lied to her．In other words， ________________ ______________________，which is _____________． I’m ashamed to say of my shameful behaviour　 I am/feel ashamed a shame to me ②我是如此羞愧，以至于我感觉心如刀绞，眼泪模糊了我的双眼。(读后续写之心理＋情绪描写) →___________________ I felt as if my heart had been pierced by a knife，tears clouding my eyes．(so...that...句型) →___________________ I felt as if my heart had been pierced by a knife，tears clouding my eyes．(倒装句) I was so ashamed that So ashamed was I that (1)be ashamed of sb/sth 为某人/某事感到羞愧 be ashamed to do... 耻于做……；因做……而羞愧 (2)It’s a shame that... ……是令人遗憾的事 后归纳 intention n．意图，目的；打算(intend vi．&vt．计划；打算；想要) 6 先练透　单句语法填空/完成句子/一句多译 ①The junior middle school is intended ______ the disabled children and many parents of children with disabilities intend their children _______(study) here． ②My parents ____________(intend) to buy a new truck but couldn’t get enough money to afford it． for to study had intended ③(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)我写信是想表达对即将进行的口语项目的担忧。正如您所说，您打算让我们随机配对。(应用文之建议信) I am writing to express my concern about the upcoming spoken English program．As you said，you _________________________________________ in pairs． intend having/to have us randomly matched　 ④为了增进我们的身心健康，我们学校组织了一场五公里越野跑比赛。(应用文之报道) →Our school organised a five-kilometre cross-country running race 　____________________________________________________．(intend) →Our school organised a five-kilometre cross-country running race 　_____________________________________________________．(intention) which was intended to improve our physical and mental health with the intention of improving our physical and mental health (1)with an/the intention of 抱有……的目的；打算…… (2)intend vi．&vt． 打算；计划；想要 intend doing/to do sth 打算做某事 had intended to do sth 本来打算做某事 be intended to do sth/for sth 打算做某事/专门为……设计 后归纳 demanding adj．要求严格的；费力的(demand vt．强烈要求；需要n．要求；需求) 7 先练透　单句语法填空/完成语段 ①This innovation cut my delivery time in half and made the job less physically 　___________(demand)． ②Apparently，science graduates are _____ greater demand than arts ones in China． demanding in ③我要求在山间骑马。为了满足我的需求，我叔叔要求我和父亲顺着这条道走，以防迷路。 I ___________________________ in the mountains．_________________ ________，my uncle demanded that __________________________________ in case we get lost． demanded to take a horse ride To meet/satisfy my demands my father and I (should) keep to the track (1)be in (great) demand (迫切)需求 meet/satisfy one’s demand(s) for... 满足某人对……的需求 (2)demand to do sth 要求做某事 demand that...(should) do sth 要求……做某事 后归纳 desperate adj．拼命的；绝望的；不顾一切的；极度渴望的(desperately adv．绝望地；非常desperation n．绝望；拼命；不顾一切) 8 先练透　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Aware of my ____________ (desperate)，Sharon took me in her arms，patting me on the back． ②(2022·浙江6月卷)我想知道他们正在经历什么，并且迫切地想知道我能为他们做些什么。(心理描写) I wanted to know what they were going through and I _____________________ what I could do for them． ③女孩非常渴望温暖，于是她划着了火柴。(心理＋动作描写) The girl _________________________ that she struck the matches． desperation was desperate to know was so desperate for warmth (1)be desperate for... 迫切地渴望…… be desperate to do sth　　 很想做某事 (2)in/with desperation　　 绝望地 后归纳 appointment n．约定；约会(appoint v．任命，委派；指定；约定appointed adj．约定的；指定的) 9 先练透　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①I have something urgent to handle and therefore，I have to cancel the 　_____________(appoint) with you，and I will appoint my brother 　_______(meet) you at the airport． ②得知你已被任命为学生会主席，我真诚地祝贺你。(应用文之祝贺信) Learning that _________________________________________the Student Association，I sincerely congratulate you． appointment to meet you have been appointed (as/to be) chairman of (1)make an appointment with sb 与某人做约定 keep/break an appointment 守/违(爽)约 (2)appoint sb (as/to be)... 任命某人(为)…… appoint sb to do sth 委派某人做某事 后归纳 点津　“appoint sb (as/to be)＋职位或头衔”时，表示职位或头衔的词前无冠词。 engagement n．参与；订婚；约定(engage vt．参与，参加；吸引；雇用，聘请engaged adj．忙于，从事；已订婚的；被占用的，使用中的) 10 先练透　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Mary will be engaged _____ Tom，and their ____________(engage) will attract many people’s attention． ②The law firm decided to engage an advisor ______________(address) the complex case． ③(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)大卫闭着眼睛，咬着嘴唇，皱着眉头，考虑着他是否应该参加越野赛。(读后续写之个人成长) David squeezed his eyes，bit his lips and frowned，thinking about ____________ _________________________________________ the cross-country run or not． to engagement to address take part in/participate in/engage (himself) in whether to (1)engage (oneself) in=be engaged in 从事，忙于，参加 engage sb to do sth 雇用某人做某事 engage sb as... 雇用某人为…… (2)be engaged to sb 与某人订婚 后归纳 approval n．赞许；同意(approve v．赞许；同意；批准approving adj．赞许的；赞成的disapprove v．不赞许；不同意→disapproval n．不同意) 11 先练透　完成句子 ①(2024·上海6月卷)当你父母不同意你做饭时，我很理解你有多难过，我写信是为了给你一些建议，告诉你如何说服你父母允许你做饭。(应用文之建议信) I quite understand how upset you were when __________________________ _______________________________________________，and I am writing to offer you some suggestions on how to convince your parents to permit you to cook． disapproved of/didn’t give their approval to your cooking your parents didn’t approve of/ ②(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)我的老师对我关于如何润色我的原创文章的想法表示赞同，他拍了拍我的肩膀，给了我一个赞许的微笑。(读后续写之个人成长) My teacher ____________________________________ on how to polish my original article and he patted me on the shoulder，_______________________ ______． approved of/gave his approval to my idea casting an approving smile at me (1)give approval to 同意；批准 get one’s approval 得到某人的同意 (2)approve sth 批准某事 approve of 赞成；同意 后归纳 associate with与某人交往 12 先练透　单句语法填空/完成句子/一句多译 ①As long as you associate ________ positive-thinking people，it is certain that you are going to achieve success． ②(2022·北京卷)然而，添加了一种强烈的气味，这样当我们检测到与危险相关的气味时，我们就可以发出警报。 However，a strong smell is added so that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell _______________ danger． with associated with ③(2023·浙江1月卷，改编)几乎每一条胡同都有自己的故事，甚至有些还和历史事件有关。 →Almost every hutong has its stories，and some ____________________ _____________．(associate) →Almost every hutong has its stories，and some _______________________ ____________．(association) are even associated with historic events are even in association with historic events (1)associate v． 联想；联系；交往 associate...with... 使……与……联系起来 be associated with... 与……有关联 (2)association n． 联系；联盟；协会 in association with... 与……联合/有关联 后归纳 take up占据；从事 13 先练透　用take的相关短语完成语段 他想当然地认为他会接管父亲的公司，并坚信他的事业定会腾飞，所以他决定雇用更多的员工。然而，不幸的是，他被贸易商欺骗，所有财产都被带走了。但他没有失去信心，开始从事新的生意，并下定决心夺回失去的一切。 He ①__________________ that he would ②__________ the company from his father and firmly believed that his career was sure to ③__________，so he decided to ④_________ more employees．However，he was unfortunate ⑤_____________ by traders and all his property ⑥________________．Not losing heart，he ⑦_________ a new business and made up his mind to ⑧___________ what he had lost． took it for granted take over take off take on to be taken in was taken away took up take back take over 占上风；取而代之；接管；接手 take off 脱掉(衣服等)；起飞；事业腾飞 take down 写下；记下；拆除 take in 吸收；接纳；领会；欺骗 take on 呈现；雇用；承担；从事 take...for granted 认为……理所当然 后归纳 find＋宾语＋宾语补足语 14 教材原句　I found it all so boring and difficult． 我觉得这一切既无聊又困难。 先练透　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①After wandering in the forest，we found ourselves _____(lose) in a strange path． ②他伸手去抓她的手，却发现她冻僵的手指在微微颤抖着。(读后续写之动作 描写) He reached up to grab her hand，only ____________________________________． lost to find her freezing fingers trembling slightly ③我真诚地希望你可以发现我的建议对你的英语学习有益。(应用文之建 议信) I sincerely hope that you can ________________________________ to your English learning． ④当我在农田里干活的时候，我发现在烈日下干农活是很艰辛的。 While working in the farmyard，I ________________________ in the fields under a hot sun． find my proposals beneficial found it very hard to work 本句中使用“find＋it＋形容词”结构，其中形容词为宾语补足语，用法总结如下： (1)find＋ 宾语＋ (2)find＋it＋形容词/名词＋to do(it是形式宾语，to do是真正的宾语) 后归纳 返回 巩固核心知识 返回 维度一　词汇语境运用 1.(2025·浙江1月卷)Interlibrary Loan (ILL) provides teachers，students and staff with access ______ books that are checked out or not owned by our own libraries． 2.(2025·浙江1月卷)It made me wonder if giving her advice on snacks was having an ______________(intentional) negative impact． 3.(2024·北京卷)With life in the unforgiving Northern Canada being so ____________(demand)，the Inuit’s practical approach to morality made good sense． 4.(2024·北京卷)By my fourth year，my ___________(desperate) to succeed overshadowed my desire for independence． to unintentionally demanding desperation 5.(2024·全国甲卷)“People started queuing to make an ___________(appoint) early in the morning，”says Emile Ducke． 6.(2024·北京卷)The __________(approve) of others is rewarding，while their disapproval is strongly disliked． 7.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)The GPNP is intended __________ (provide) stronger protection for all the species that live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area． 8.(2023·北京卷)A person is thought to develop a habit in the course of pursuing goals by beginning to associate certain cues (刺激) _____ behavioural responses that help meet the goal． appointment approval to provide with 9.In the pumpkin field，I compete ______ my three brothers and sister to seek out the biggest pumpkin． 10.I felt incredibly ___________(shame) of myself for getting so angry． with ashamed 维度二　阅读理解清障 Ⅰ．熟词生义、一词多义 1.熟词生义——写出句中加黑词汇的词性及汉语意思 (1)(2023·全国乙卷)Jacqueline Felice de Almania (c.1322) highlights the suspicion that women practicing medicine faced． _______________　 (2)(2021·全国乙卷)People have been pouring into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece． _______________　 (3)(2021·全国甲卷)We accessed the wall through the South Gate． _______________ v．突出；强调 v．涌入　 v．进入 2.一词多义 (1)host 对点微练——选出host的含义 A．vt．主持　B．n．主持人　C．vt．主办　D．n．主人 ①We thanked our hosts for a very enjoyable evening． _______　　 ②Last week，my classmate and I hosted an English Drama Festival．_______　　 ③All these stadiums are still functional，still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport． _______　　 ④I am always one of the hosts at parties in my company． _______　　 D C A B (2)fuel 对点微练——选出fuel的含义 A．n．燃料　 B．vt．给……提供燃料　 C．vt．激发 ①Wood，coal，oil，petrol，and gas are all different kinds of fuel． ______　　 ②(2021·天津3月卷)Things are connected．Let your expertise in one field fuel your passions in all related areas． ______　　 ③The helicopter was already fuelled and ready to go． ______　　 A C B (3)handle 对点微练——选出handle的含义 A．n．柄，把手　B．vt．处理(难题)；应付(局面)　C．vt．操纵，控制 ①I wasn’t sure if I could handle such a powerful car． ______　　 ②I thought he handled the situation very well． ______　　 ③She turned the handle and slowly opened the door． ______　　 C B A (4)raise 对点微练——写出raise的词性和词义 In class，our teacher raised① a map to show us rivers，then raised② a topic about environmental protection．We planned to raise③ money for a local river clean-up．Later，she told us how her grandma raised④ her while raising⑤ ducks by the river—stories that made us care more． ________________________________________________________________ ①vt．举起　②vt．提出　③vt．筹集　④vt．养育　⑤vt．饲养 Ⅱ．构词法 写出下列黑体词的含义 1.It seems that the disadvantages often outweigh the advantages of ecotourism． _________________________　 2.As a result of various reasons，nowadays women outlive men by about five to six years． _________________________　 3.The demonstrators were heavily outnumbered by the police． _________________________　 胜过，比……更重 比……活得长 (在数量上)压倒，比……多　 4.She drew an outline of the mountain before adding details． _____________　 5.We waited anxiously for the outcome of the exam． _____________ 轮廓；大纲 返回 结果；结局 提升关键能力 返回 Part 1.应用文增分练(人际关系——介绍我最尊敬的人) 　　用本单元所学词汇、句式完成下面的应用文写作，再背诵。 【情境呈现】 　　你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括： 　　1.人物简介；2.尊敬和爱戴的原因。 【布局谋篇】 首段　 总体介绍Mr．Smith 　　There are many respectable people around us．For me，the most respectable person around me is my English teacher，Mr．Smith，who is an outstanding educationalist．He ①____________________________________ _________(非常外向，对教学充满热情)． is very outgoing and passionate about teaching 中段　 具体介绍Mr．Smith，并说明尊敬和爱戴他的事例和原因 ②________________________________________________________ ___________________________________(上学期我第一次见到他，他流畅地解释复杂知识给我留下了深刻的印象)．Occasionally，he ③_________ (很失望)when we don’t perform well．But he never delays raising our problems and finding solutions．Sometimes，he ④_____________________________________ (被一些淘气的学生弄得心烦意乱)． 尾段　 表达自己的希望和感想 　　I hope we will all be more attentive．I ⑤_________________________ (发现他是一位很优秀的老师) who inspires us greatly． I met him for the first time last semester and was impressed by his fluency in explaining complex knowledge gets upset gets distracted by some naughty students find him a wonderful teacher 【多元表达】 ⑥用the first time引导的时间状语从句改写句②I met him for the first time last semester and was impressed by his fluency in explaining complex knowledge． →______________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ The first time I met him last semester，I was impressed by his fluency in explaining complex knowledge．　 Part 2.读后续写提能练 拓展语料积累　情感细节描写之“后悔、内疚、自责” 【语言素材】 形容词/副词 guilty， regretful， guiltily 名词/ 动词 guilt， regret 脸 ①have guilt written all over one’s face满脸内疚；②a guilty look on one’s face脸上露出惭愧的表情 笑/泪 ①a regretful smile歉意的微笑；②regretful tears/tears of regret悔恨的泪水；③give a regretful smile遗憾的笑 眼神 ①a regretful/guilty look遗憾/内疚的眼神；②one’s eyes be full of guilt/regret眼里满是内疚/悔恨 声音 ①in a regretful/guilty voice用遗憾/后悔/内疚的声音；②hear the regret/guilt in one’s voice听出某人声音中的遗憾/内疚 心 ①feel guilty about对……感到内疚；②be full of/be consumed with guilt/regret满心愧疚/悔恨；③be overcome/consumed/overwhelmed/seized by feelings of guilt愧疚难当 其他 ①drown in feelings of guilt沉浸在内疚感之中；②much to one’s regret/to one’s great regret令某人深感遗憾的是；③with deep/great regret很遗憾地；④a feeling/wave of guilt/guilty feelings内疚感 【靓句表达】 1.On hearing the bad news，she lowered down her head with great guilt，tears of regret streaming down her cheeks．听到这个坏消息，她非常内疚地低下了头，悔恨的泪水顺着她的脸颊流下来。 2.So honest was the little boy that the wife was struck a great deal， guilt written on her flushing/burning face． 小男孩诚实的品质让妻子深受触动，红红的脸上写满了愧疚。 3.I froze， drowning in feelings of guilt about her．If only I had not quarreled with her! 我愣住了，沉浸在对她的负罪感中。要是我没和她吵架多好啊! 4.With regretful tears welling up in my eyes，I dashed downstairs to apologize to Ann． 我眼里涌出懊悔的泪水，冲下楼向安道歉。 5.She was consumed with guilt after lying to her parents about the broken vase． 她向父母隐瞒了打碎花瓶的事，之后一直深陷内疚。 6.I forgot my best friend’s birthday， and a wave of guilt hit me when I saw her lonely post． 我忘了挚友的生日，看到她落寞的帖子时，一阵内疚感涌上心头。 续写语料运用　用表“后悔、内疚、自责”的表达补全下面的微场景并背诵 微场景：主题“友谊”——和朋友发生矛盾后的“后悔、内疚、自责” 　　As I stared at Ann’s face wet with tears， ①______________________________(歉疚和后悔一阵阵涌上我的心头)．She cast me an angry glance and cried， “How silly I am to befriend you!” Then， she stormed out before I could utter a word．②______________ __________________________ (她声音中的悔恨和愤怒让我震惊)．I froze， drowning in ③________________ (内疚感)．If only I had not quarreled with her! guilt and regret flooded me in waves anger in her voice shocked me The regret and feelings of guilt 微场景：主题“友谊”——和朋友发生矛盾后的“后悔、内疚、自责” ④____________________________________ (眼睛涌出悔恨的泪水；with复合结构)， I dashed downstairs to apologize to Ann．I hated how my thoughtless words had torn through her trust， leaving a gap I feared might never fully heal．I called her name repeatedly， praying she hadn’t gone too far and that I’d get the chance to say how truly sorry I was． 返回 With regretful tears welling up in my eyes 单元测评 返回 A卷 Ⅰ．阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共37.5分) A (2025·安徽省滁州市高三下一模) Sydney Opera House Tours 　　We offer three different tours of this iconic building． 　　The Essential Tour brings to life the story behind the design and construction of one of the world’s most famous landmarks．Using interactive audio-visual technology， your guide will take you on a memorable journey inside the youngest World Heritage．Afterwards， why not stay around and eat at the Studio Cafe？ Not only can you enjoy the best views in Sydney， you can claim a 20% reduction on the total cost of your meal． 　　Takes place： Daily between 9 am and 5 pm 　　Prices： Adults $35/Online $29.75 　　Discounts： Children of 16 and under $24.50 　　The Backstage Tour gives you backstage access to the Sydney Opera House．It is a unique opportunity to experience the real-life dramas behind the stage．You will also get to see inside the stars’ resting rooms．You might even get to stand on the concert hall stage， take up a conductor’s baton and imagine you are leading the performance! 　　Takes place： Daily at 7 am 　　Prices： $155.No discounts 　　Prior bookings are essential! 　　Notes： The tour includes up to 300 steps．Flat， rubber-soled shoes must be worn．For safety reasons， children of 12 years old and under are not permitted． 　　Opera High Tea consists of a tour where you will walk in the footsteps of world-class singers， dancers and musicians， followed by fine food and music in the Bennelong Dining Room．What could be better than a treat of delicious light snacks and soft drinks followed by a live recital by a leading Australian singer？ 　　Takes place： Every second Wednesday， 2 pm 　　Duration： 1.5 hours 　　Prices： $145 per person 语篇解读　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要关于悉尼歌剧院三种不同游览项目的介绍，包括基本游览(The Essential Tour)、后台游览(The Backstage Tour)和歌剧下午茶游览(Opera High Tea)，介绍了每个游览项目的特色、时间、价格、注意事项等信息。 1.How much do a couple with their kindergarten-aged son pay at least for the Essential Tour？ A．$94.50. B．$70. C．$84. D．$78.75. √ 细节理解题。根据文中The Essential Tour的价格信息“Adults $35/Online $29.75”以及“Discounts： Children of 16 and under $24.50”可知，一对夫妇在网上购买The Essential Tour门票需花费$29.75×2 = $59.5，幼儿园年龄的儿子门票价格为$24.50，所以总共花费$59.5＋$24.50=$84。故选C项。 细节理解题。根据The Backstage Tour部分的“Prior bookings are essential!”可知，后台游览需要提前预订。BCD选项均与原文实意不符。故选A项。 2.What is TRUE about the Backstage Tour？ A．It requires advance booking． B．It involves interactive technology． C．It welcomes people of all ages． D．It offers a considerable discount． √ 细节理解题。根据Opera High Tea部分的“followed by fine food and music in the Bennelong Dining Room．What could be better than a treat of delicious light snacks and soft drinks followed by a live recital by a leading Australian singer？” 可知，游客在Opera High Tea游览中可以享受精彩的歌剧表演。故选C项。 3.What can tourists do during Opera High Tea？ A．Take a walk with world-class singers． B．Taste snacks offered by a leading singer． C．Enjoy wonderful opera performances． D．Experience a whole day of relaxation． √ B (2025·山东省菏泽市高三上期末) 　　When I was growing up， my mom often said that no matter what grades I got in school， as long as I did my best， she’d be proud of me．Then she added， “But if you didn’t get an A， I’ll know you didn’t do your best．” She said it with a smile， but I took it seriously： I shouldn’t settle for anything less than perfect．My greatest weakness is that I’m too much of a perfectionist． 　　Perfectionism is the desire to be 100% perfect．The goal is zero faults and no failures．In an increasingly competitive world， kids face growing pressure from parents to be perfect and severe criticism when they fall short．Every fault is a blow to their self-esteem (自尊)．I’ve lived it myself． 　　When I won the fifth-grade quiz bowl on world explorers， I beat myself up afterward for missing one question．How could I forget that the sea route to India was discovered by da Gama， but not Magellan？ When I made the finals of a Mortal Kombat tournament and won a lifetime pass to a local movie theater， I didn’t celebrate．Third place is the second loser．When I won the first prize in a math test， I was disappointed．Only a 98？ Not good enough．There was always a voice in the back of my mind whispering that it wasn’t enough and that I could have done better． 　　It was during my college years that I started to question the value of this perfectionism．I met people who didn’t seem to be weighed down by the same expectations， who accepted their mistakes and saw them as opportunities for growth rather than failures．They taught me that it was okay to be imperfect， that it was human to make mistakes， and that sometimes， the most important lessons come from our failures． 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从小到大追求完美，到大学时期因遇到一些人而改变对完美主义态度的成长故事。 4.What is Paragraph 1 mainly about？ A．Why the author became a perfectionist． B．The disadvantage of being a perfectionist． C．How the author got the good grades in school． D．The feeling of being grateful to the author’s mother． √ 段落大意题。根据第一段描述母亲的话“if you didn’t get an A， I’ll know you didn’t do your best”及作者的反应“I took it seriously： I shouldn’t settle for anything less than perfect”可知，本段主要解释作者成为完美主义者的原因。故选A。 细节理解题。根据第二段“Perfectionism is the desire to be 100% perfect．”及第三段作者在取得成绩后仍因小失误而自责的例子可知，对完美的渴望使作者不满足于已有成就。故选C。 5.What made the author unsatisfied with what had been achieved？ A．Blame from parents． B．Desire to get first prize． C．Eagerness to be perfect． D．Pressure of competitions． √ 6.What made the author change the attitude towards perfectionism？ A．Losing expectation to succeed． B．Realizing the harm of being perfect． C．Learning lessons from other people’s failure． D．Encountering those accepting imperfection． √ 细节理解题。根据最后一段“I met people who didn’t seem to be weighed down by the same expectations， who accepted their mistakes...They taught me that it was okay to be imperfect”可知，遇到接受不完美的人改变了作者的态度。故选D。 文章出处题。全文以第一人称叙述作者从童年到大学期间对完美主义认知的转变，属于个人成长经历分享，故最可能出自“成长故事”栏目。故选B。 7.Which column of a magazine may the text be taken from？ A．Parenting Styles． B．Coming-of-Age Stories． C．People of Achievement． D．Challenges Facing Youth． √ C (2025·东北三省四城市联考暨沈阳市高三下二模) 　　If you ever feel that the world is against you， you are not alone．We all have a tendency to assume that when anything goes wrong， the fault lies within some great tricks against us．If a co-worker fails the deadline， they must be trying to beat you to a promotion．When WiFi in a coffee shop is not working， the staff must be lying about having it to attract you in． 　　But the fact is that these simple explanations， which we tend to jump to， are barely true．Maybe your co-worker thought today was Tuesday， not Wednesday．Maybe the WiFi just went wrong．This is where Hanlon’s Razor comes in—a useful mental model that never considers what can be fully explained by neglect (疏忽) as doing harm on purpose． 　　Applying Hanlon’s Razor， a useful tool for rapid decision-making and intelligent comprehension， in our daily lives makes us less judgmental and improves reasoning skills．Meanwhile， Hanlon’s Razor allows us to have more empathy (同理心) and teaches us not to assume the worst intention in the actions of others， the value of which is most pronounced in relationships， business matters， and personal happiness． 　　We all lead complex lives where things are constantly going wrong．When this occurs， a common response is to blame the nearest person and assume they have bad intention．When someone messes up around us， we forget how many times we， too， have done the same．Instead， we regard the perpetrator as a source of intense annoyance． 　　To assume intention in such a situation is likely to worsen the problem．None of us can ever know what someone else wants．Inability or neglect is far more likely to be the genuine cause than the desire to hurt．When a situation causes us to become angry or upset， it can be valuable to consider if those emotions are justified．Often， the best way to react to other people causing us problems is by seeking to communicate with them， not to dismiss them．In this way， we can avoid repeats of the same situation． 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章指出人们常误将错误归咎于他人恶意，而实际上多为无心之失，倡导理性判断、减少揣测，以同理心和沟通化解矛盾。 8.What do we usually do when things fail？ A．Accept true ill intention． B．Change current situations． C．Seek reliable assistance． D．Misplace blame on others． √ 细节理解题。根据第一段“We all have a tendency to assume that when anything goes wrong， the fault lies within some great tricks against us．”及第四段“a common response is to blame the nearest person”可知，事情出错时，人们常错误地将责任归咎于他人。故选D。 9.What can we learn about Hanlon’s Razor？ A．It is a way to tackle colleagues’ problems． B．It is a device for restoring WiFi connection． C．It avoids taking neglect as intentional harm． D．It identifies who is to blame for making errors． √ 细节理解题。根据第二段“Hanlon’s Razor...never considers what can be fully explained by neglect(疏忽) as doing harm on purpose”可知，该原则避免将疏忽误认为故意伤害。故选C。 10.What does the underlined “the perpetrator” in Paragraph 4 refer to？ A．The mind reader． B．The event planner． C．The error maker． D．The problem solver． √ 词义猜测题。根据第四段画线词上文“When someone messes up around us”及“we regard the perpetrator as a source of intense annoyance”可推知，the perpetrator指代前文“把事情搞砸的人”。故选C。 11.What is advised to do when others cause a problem？ A．Lend them a hand． B．Turn a blind eye to them． C．Put them on the spot． D．Exchange ideas with them． √ 细节理解题。根据最后一段“the best way to react...is by seeking to communicate with them”可知，建议在他人引发问题时与其沟通交流。故选D。 D (2025·黑龙江省绥化市高三上期末) 　　Energy crops can be used for heat， electricity and even biofuels like bioethanol．They will become more important as the world turns away from fossil (化石) fuels．In a new study， researchers from Surrey have shown that where you choose to plant energy crops makes a big difference to biodiversity (生物多样性)． 　　A detailed analysis has shown that planting energy crops on existing agricultural land in places like China and Central Europe could minimize harm to biodiversity compared to planting them elsewhere．Planting in these locations could then allow agricultural land in other places to be restored to natural habitats， maximizing the benefits to biodiversity．The study is published in the Journal of Applied Ecology． 　　Sophie Tudge， who carried out the research at Surrey’s Center for Environment and Sustainability， said， “Our study suggests that， as far as biodiversity is concerned， it is always best to restore farmland to nature rather than re-plant it with energy crops．” 　　“Yet， we are realists．In the future， more fuel will come from crops， and it is far better to plant them on existing farms than to destroy remaining natural habitats．We have shown that where you plant those crops makes a huge difference to how many species continue to grow healthily，”she added． 　　When farmland is restored to nature， it creates new habitats for many species．Using that land to plant energy crops instead can be a missed opportunity to improve biodiversity．Given that energy crops need to be planted somewhere， researchers calculated which locations would have the smallest net impact on biodiversity． 　　They studied which habitats contained the richest mix of species．They then compared that information with maps of land use and information about where energy crops could produce the biggest yields．The researchers found that the harm to biodiversity could be minimized in places like Central Europe and the east coasts of the U．S．and China．However， food security， farmers’ willingness， and surrounding energy infrastructure (基础设施 ) are also important．After all， we depend on them to grow crops． 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了能源作物对生物多样性的影响，以及研究人员在种植地点选择上的发现和建议。 12.Why are China and Central Europe mentioned in Paragraph 2？ A．To prove the importance of agriculture． B．To confirm the conclusion of the new study． C．To show the harm of the energy crop planting． D．To point out the link between biodiversity and crops． √ 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“A detailed analysis has shown that planting energy crops on existing agricultural land in places like China and Central Europe could minimize harm to biodiversity...”可知，提到中国和中欧是为了确认新研究的结论，即在这些地方种植能源作物对生物多样性危害最小。故选B。 13.What does Sophie Tudge think of restoring farmland to nature？ A．Unrealistic． B．Unnecessary． C．Possible． D．Successful． √ 推理判断题。根据文章第三段Sophie Tudge说的“as far as biodiversity is concerned， it is always best to restore farmland to nature...”和第四段“Yet， we are realists．In the future， more fuel will come from crops...”可知，她认为将农田恢复为自然状态虽好但不太现实。故选A。 14.What should be done in energy crop planting areas？ A．Bringing in foreign species． B．Increasing the planting areas． C．Motivating the local farmers． D．Ensuring the diversity of crops． √ 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“However， food security， farmers’ willingness， and surrounding energy infrastructure(基础设施) are also important．After all， we depend on them to grow crops．”可知，在能源作物种植区，激励当地农民很重要。故选C。 15.What can be the best title for the text？ A．Biodiversity Desperately Needs to Be Restored B．Energy Crops Will Play an Important Role in the World C．Fossil Fuels Will Eventually Be Replaced by Energy Crops D．The Distribution of Energy Crops Could Affect Biodiversity √ 标题归纳题。根据全文内容，尤其是第一段“where you choose to plant energy crops makes a big difference to biodiversity”和全文围绕能源作物分布对生物多样性影响的讨论可知，文章最佳标题是“能源作物的分布可能影响生物多样性”。故选D。 Ⅱ．阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) (2025·江西省三新教研共同体高三下3月联考) 　　One mindset that can significantly enhance your bonds with those you love is viewing people in your life as a prize．　　1　　， its key point lies in developing a deep appreciation for other people’s qualities and contributions， which should be based on genuine dispositions (性情) of the practitioners．Here’s why this approach matters． 　　Boost self-respect．Feeling lucky to have someone in your life can enhance your self-worth．　　2　　： When you value another， you also feel appreciated in being chosen by someone that has common interests or topics．This mutual admiration can elevate the confidence of both people． 　　　　3　　．Gratitude has a way of opening doors to honest and positive conversations．True gratitude lies in valuing who they are at their core．When you express appreciation for the qualities of those you love， it sets the tone for a relationship built on respect and understanding． 　　Bring positive reinforcement．When you view others in your life as a prize， it inspires you to actively nurture your relationships．　　4　　， creating a cycle of positive reinforcement．This， in turn， strengthens your bonds and deepens your emotional connections with others． 　　Reduce self-satisfaction．　　5　　．The prize mindset is most effective when it’s held in common．Viewing those close to you as a prize encourages mindfulness， effort and patience， reminding you to cherish their presence and put effort into maintaining a fulfilling connection． A．It is a two-way street B．Value formal conversations C．Promote healthy communication D．While this concept may initially sound like a competition E．Expressing love， respect， and appreciation becomes second nature F．Now that one-side selflessness appears to be the least useless method G．Relationships often become weaker when both take each other for granted 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了感恩他人是如何增强你的人际关系的。 　　One mindset that can significantly enhance your bonds with those you love is viewing people in your life as a prize．_______________________________ _______________， its key point lies in developing a deep appreciation for other people’s qualities and contributions， which should be based on genuine dispositions (性情) of the practitioners．Here’s why this approach matters． While this concept may initially sound like a competition 根据下文“its key point lies in developing a deep appreciation for other people’s qualities and contributions， which should be based on genuine dispositions (性情) of the practitioners．”可知，下文具体解释了什么是“将生活中的人视为奖品”，D项能够引起下文，虽然这个概念最初听起来像是一场比赛，但其关键在于培养对他人品质和贡献的深刻欣赏。故选D。 　　Boost self-respect．Feeling lucky to have someone in your life can enhance your self-worth．___________________： When you value another， you also feel appreciated in being chosen by someone that has common interests or topics．This mutual admiration can elevate the confidence of both people． It is a two-way street 根据下文“When you value another， you also feel appreciated in being chosen by someone that has common interests or topics．”可知，下文告诉我们当你珍视他人时，也会给自己带来好处，A项表示珍视是互相的，当你珍视他人时，也会被他人珍视。故选A。 　　____________________________．Gratitude has a way of opening doors to honest and positive conversations．True gratitude lies in valuing who they are at their core．When you express appreciation for the qualities of those you love， it sets the tone for a relationship built on respect and understanding． 根据下文“Gratitude has a way of opening doors to honest and positive conversations．”可知，感恩可以带来诚实和积极的对话，C项能够概括段落主要内容，下文具体介绍了感恩是如何帮助我们促进健康沟通的，因为它可以带来诚实和积极的对话。故选C。 Promote healthy communication 　　Bring positive reinforcement．When you view others in your life as a prize， it inspires you to actively nurture your relationships．______________ __________________________________________， creating a cycle of positive reinforcement．This， in turn， strengthens your bonds and deepens your emotional connections with others． 根据上文“When you view others in your life as a prize， it inspires you to actively nurture your relationships．”可知，感恩可以激励你积极培养人际关系，E项能够承接上文，介绍了如何感恩他人，且能够引起下文，表达爱、尊重和欣赏成为第二天性，一起创造积极强化的循环。故 选E。 respect， and appreciation becomes second nature Expressing love， 　　Reduce self-satisfaction．_______________________________________ _________________．The prize mindset is most effective when it’s held in common．Viewing those close to you as a prize encourages mindfulness， effort and patience， reminding you to cherish their presence and put effort into maintaining a fulfilling connection． 根据下文“The prize mindset is most effective when it’s held in common．”可知，我们要把奖项心态保持一致，F项能够引起下文，单方面的无私无用，我们要保持心态一致，双方都要学会感恩。故选F。 least useless method Now that one-side selflessness appears to be the B卷 Ⅰ．阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分) A (2025·湖北省十堰市高三上期末) 　　Animals and plants also live and thrive on public squares．This creates opportunities for greater biodiversity and well-being for the human population．Researchers at the Technical University of Munich (TUM) have studied at 103 locations in Munich how various factors affect flora and fauna (动植物)．They advocate a close examination of local conditions and a more nature-focused approach to the design of public spaces． 　　Together with his team， Wolfgang Weisser， Professor of Terrestrial Ecology at TUM， looked at such factors as size， the occurrence of lawn， plant and tree growth， artificial light sources and green in the surroundings of the 103 public squares in Munich．The squares varied from almost entirely sealed (封闭的) to park-like squares． 　　Their results show， with Munich as an example， how greatly the different spaces can differ in the animals and other organisms that can live there．At the heavily sealed Marienplatz， the researchers counted only 20 species， with just one bird and moss species as well as insects and bat species．Meanwhile， at Pfrontener Platz， a space with lawns， bushes and trees， they found 156 taxa， including 21 different kinds of birds．At Johannisplatz， 118 species are present， as it has trees， hedges and some grassy areas despite being sealed to a relatively large extent． 　　Unsurprisingly， more plants are beneficial to many animal species．This is a factor that urban planning models already take into account．However， the study also shows that lawns， trees and bushes vary widely in terms of the diversity and numbers of the species they attract．So far， public spaces are designed with humans in mind， with little consideration to animals and other species． 　　The researchers concluded that the chances for greater biodiversity are increased if， instead of applying the same patterns to every location， planners take into account the local conditions and the needs of different species．To encourage more bee species， for example， they should not only plant nectar-bearing flowers， but also provide open space as habitat for bees and a source of nest-building material． 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了慕尼黑工业大学(TUM)的研究，探讨了城市公共空间设计中考虑当地条件和不同物种需求的重要性，以促进生物多样性。 1.What does the study at TUM focus on？ A．The best locations for flora and fauna． B．Factors to be considered in square design． C．The impact of local conditions on biodiversity． D．The best way for humans and flora and fauna to get along． √ 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Researchers at the Technical University of Munich (TUM) have studied ... a more nature-focused approach to the design of public spaces．”可知，TUM的研究聚焦于设计公共广场时需要考虑的各种因素。故选B。 2.What can we know from Paragraph 3？ A．Animals expand in sealed parks． B．Open parks support more biodiversity． C．Open parks are not fit for birds to stay． D．Closed parks are as good as open ones． √ 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“At the heavily sealed Marienplatz... they found 156 taxa...”可知，高度封闭的广场物种稀少，而开放的、有绿化的广场物种丰富，由此可推知开放的公园支持更多的生物多样性。故选B。 3.What does the study say about urban greenery？ A．It varies in attracting species． B．It will replace artificial lights． C．It has nothing to do with species． D．It is well planned in urban buildings． √ 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“However， the study also shows that lawns， trees and bushes vary widely in terms of the diversity and numbers of the species they attract．”可知，研究指出城市绿地在吸引物种的多样性和数量方面存在很大差异。故选A。 4.What can be the best title for the text？ A．Enhancing Urban Development： Considering Local Species’ Needs B．Human-animal Coexistence： Integrating Nature into City Designing C．Urban Ecosystems： Challenges for Plants and Animals in Urban Spaces D．Biodiversity in the City： Designing Urban Spaces for Humans and Animals √ 标题归纳题。根据全文内容，尤其是最后一段“planners take into account the local conditions and the needs of different species”以及文中关于如何设计城市空间以同时惠及人类和动植物的讨论可知，文章最佳标题是“城市中的生物多样性：为人类和动物设计城市空间”。故选D。 B (2025·山东济南市高三一模) 　　In conversations with strangers，people commonly tend to think they should speak less than half the conversation time to be likable．But we’ve discovered this idea is wrong．Our data shows that people tend to think they should speak about 45% of the time to be likable in a one-on-one conversation with someone new．However，it appears speaking up a bit more is actually a better strategy． 　　In our research，we randomly assigned people to speak for 30%，40%，50%，60% of the time in a conversation with someone new．We found that the more they spoke，the more they were liked by their new partners．This was only one study with 116 participants，but the outcome is supported by other researchers’ findings．For example，a previous study randomly assigned one in a pair to take on the role of “speaker” and the other to take on the role of “listener”． After engaging in 12-minute interactions，listeners liked speakers more than speakers liked listeners because listeners felt more similar to speakers than speakers did to listeners．This outcome suggests the reason people prefer those who speak up： Learning more about a new partner can make you feel like you have more in common with him or her． 　　Further，we assigned people to speak for up to 70% and even 90% of the time．The result shows it is not an ideal strategy．Our research does not suggest people hold down a conversational partner but rather that they feel comfortable speaking up more than they usually might． 　　Research like ours can help people gain a more reasonable understanding of social interactions with new people and become more confident about how to make a good first impression．It has the obvious benefit of allowing us to carefully control speaking time．However，it does not reflect more natural conversations．Future research should figure out whether our findings generalize to more natural interactions． 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项关于如何与陌生人互动交往的研究。 5.What is the common belief concerning conversations with strangers？ A．Speaking a little less is preferred． B．Speaking half the time is the best． C．Listeners are more likable than speakers． D．Listeners fail to control the conversations． √ 细节理解题。根据第一段中“In conversations with strangers，people commonly tend to think they should speak less than half the conversation time to be likable．”可知，关于与陌生人交谈的普遍看法是“少说一点是最好的”，故选A。 6.How was the research carried out？ A．By analyzing speaking habits． B．By making comparisons． C．By listing examples． D．By collecting data． √ 细节理解题。根据第二段中“In our research，we randomly assigned people to speak for 30%，40%，50%，60% of the time in a conversation with someone new．We found that the more they spoke，the more they were liked by their new partners．”可知，研究是通过“比较说话时间”来实施的。故选B。 7.What is the disadvantage of the research？ A．The conversation time is limited． B．Further study is hard to continue． C．The findings are less widely applicable． D．Interactions with strangers are missing． √ 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“However，it does not reflect more natural conversations．Future research should figure out whether our findings generalize to more natural interactions．”可知，这项研究的缺点是“这些发现的适用性不那么广泛”，故选C。 8.In which situation can the research finding be applied？ A．Attending a family gathering． B．Partying with your friends． C．Meeting a new teacher． D．Making a public speech． √ 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了一项关于如何与陌生人互动交往的研究，该研究发现可以应用于“与一位新老师初次见面”，其中new是关键词，故选C。 Ⅱ．阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) (2025·江西省六校高三下第二次联考) 　　Talking over text is a convenient way to get to know someone new or catch up with old friends， but sometimes it can be hard to figure out what to say next．　　1　　． 　　Ask open-ended questions．Open-ended questions require more thoughtful and detailed responses．　　2　　．If the other person just told you something about themselves， ask them to elaborate on that， or come up with your own open-ended question．This gives the other person an opportunity to talk about their interests in-depth． 　　　　3　　．Ask the other person to tell you about something．To have a good conversation， both people should be asking and answering questions．If you feel like you’ve mainly been talking about yourself， redirect the conversation to the other person． 　　Avoid dry， short answers．　　4　　．Remember， conversations are a two-way street， so make sure you put in the effort to respond to the person you’re texting．If someone asks you a question and you give them a one-word answer， you’re forcing them to do all the work to keep the conversation flowing． 　　Ask about the other person’s day．Show them you’re interested in their life．Asking about someone’s day is a pretty low-effort question that can actually lead to a lot of interesting conversations．Consider also telling them something about your day， so you have something to talk about if they don’t have much to add． 　　Ask follow-up questions．Let the other person elaborate on their responses．Instead of moving on with the conversation， ask follow-up questions about what the other person just said．　　5　　 and making an effort to engage with them． A．Find the shared interest B．Shift the focus to the other person C．It’s better to give the other person something to work with D．Luckily， there are a ton of ways you can keep things interesting E．This means that you are avoiding getting involved in a boring topic F．This shows them that you’re paying attention to what they’re saying G．They encourage the other person to answer with more than “yes” or “no” 语篇解读　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讨论了如何通过文本聊天与新人建立联系或与老朋友保持联系，并提供了几种有效的对话技巧。 前文“but sometimes it can be hard to figure out what to say next”提到通过文字交流有时很难知道接下来该说什么，后文“Ask open-ended questions．”“Avoid dry， short answers．”等各段落则具体介绍了一些让交流更顺畅、有趣的方法。由此可知，设空句为承上启下句，既承接前文话题“文字交流”，也能引出后文“交流方法”。D选项在句意方面起到了承上启下的作用，引出后文的具体方法。故选D项。 　　Talking over text is a convenient way to get to know someone new or catch up with old friends， but sometimes it can be hard to figure out what to say next．______________________________________________________． Luckily， there are a ton of ways you can keep things interesting 前文“Open-ended questions require more thoughtful and detailed responses．”指出开放式问题需要更有深度和思考的回答，由此推知，设空句应是就该话题“开放式问题”进行进一步的解释，以使读者理解开放式问题的有用之处。G选项进一步说明了开放式问题的特点和作用，与前文逻辑连贯。故选G项。 　　Ask open-ended questions．Open-ended questions require more thoughtful and detailed responses．____________________________________________ ____________________， ask them to elaborate on that， or come up with your own open-ended question．This gives the other person an opportunity to talk about their interests in-depth． than “yes” or “no” They encourage the other person to answer with more 　　______________________________．Ask the other person to tell you about something．To have a good conversation， both people should be asking and answering questions．If you feel like you’ve mainly been talking about yourself， redirect the conversation to the other person． Shift the focus to the other person 设空句为该段主题句，应是该段主旨。根据后文内容“Ask the other person to tell you about something．To have a good conversation， both people should be asking and answering questions．If you feel like you’ve mainly been talking about yourself， redirect the conversation to the other person．”可知，该段主要内容是要让对方讲述一些事情，当感觉自己主要在谈论自己时，要把对话引向对方。B选项符合该段主旨，能够概括该段内容。故选B项。 　　Avoid dry， short answers．_____________________________________ _____________．Remember， conversations are a two-way street， so make sure you put in the effort to respond to the person you’re texting．If someone asks you a question and you give them a one-word answer， you’re forcing them to do all the work to keep the conversation flowing． to work with It’s better to give the other person something 根据主题句“Avoid dry， short answers．”可知，该段强调“避免回答得过于简短和枯燥”。设空句紧跟其后，应是具体解释什么样的回答是不简短的。选项C是对“不简短”的解释，同时表示一种建议或推荐，符合上下文的语气和逻辑。故选C项。 　　Ask about the other person’s day．Show them you’re interested in their life．Asking about someone’s day is a pretty low-effort question that can actually lead to a lot of interesting conversations．Consider also telling them something about your day， so you have something to talk about if they don’t have much to add． 　　Ask follow-up questions．Let the other person elaborate on their responses．Instead of moving on with the conversation， ask follow-up questions about what the other person just said．_________________________ ___________________________________ and making an effort to engage with them． 前文“Instead of moving on with the conversation， ask follow-up questions about what the other person just said．”提出要就对方的话题跟进，这是一项建议，由此推知，设空句应是就该建议的好处进行说明，以说服读者。F选项解释了问跟进问题的作用和意义，与前文逻辑一致。故选 F项。 paying attention to what they’re saying This shows them that you’re Ⅲ．完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) (2025·安徽省“江南十校”高三下一模) 　　I whispered to myself， “A five-day art camp at White Cliff this summer．” White Cliff was really　　1　　 for an enthusiastic painter like me．But at the 　　2　　 of going there alone， I had butterflies in my stomach．Later， I dialed my only friend Emily’s number， only to discover that she would be otherwise 　　3　　．I sighed and dropped my head．I had really had a hard time jumping into something without 　　4　　 faces around．　　5　　， I went outside to draw the Westons’ towering pine tree．Sitting on the stairs， I thought about the art camp and wished to feel a little 　　6　　．But by the time I started sketching， I had convinced myself that 　　7　　 the camp was my content decision． 　　I carefully　　8　　 the pine’s strong trunk， straight and solid， and added the graceful branches．Once lost in my sketching， I 　　9　　 noticed the fly buzzing around me．Hence， I jumped when Mr．Weston suddenly remarked， “You’ve captured the essence of the tree’s 　　10　　 beautifully on paper．” “Thanks．” I smiled， glancing up．“If you spread out the roots near the surface， the tree could 　　11　　 sufficient water and soar even higher．” I noticed the knobby bumps (疙瘩状突起) of roots 　　12　　 out of the ground all around the tree．I’d never realized how 　　13　　 a tree’s roots stretched outward．It struck me that if I wanted to grow， I had to start 　　14　　 too． 　　That evening， I filled out the art camp application， ready to stretch my　　15　　 out into new earth．I thought I am the pine． 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者夏天去White Cliff参加为期五天的艺术夏令营，但是因为没有熟人，作者一开始感到不安，想不去。后来在绘画过程中感受到了树木延伸自己的根来成长，于是决定参加夏令营，来延伸自己的“根”。 2.A．sight B．thought C．request D．core 根据后文“for an enthusiastic painter like me”可知，White Cliff的景色让画家难以抗拒。故选B。 √ 根据后文“of going there alone， I had butterflies in my stomach”可知，指独自去夏令营的想法让作者不安，故选B。 1.A．unbelievable B．irresistible C．uncontrollable D．irreplaceable √ 4.A．familiar B．gentle C．confident D．beautiful 3.A．rejected B．attracted C．occupied D．addicted √ 根据上文“Later， I dialed my only friend Emily’s number， only to discover that she would be otherwise”中only to do sth表示“意外发现”以及后文“I sighed and dropped my head．”可知，作者的朋友在忙，没空理会作者，故选C。 √ 根据上文“going there alone”可知，作者要独自去，没有熟悉的人在夏令营。故选A。 6.A．cleverer B．luckier C．happier D．braver 5.A．Delighted B．Relieved C．Shocked D．Frustrated √ 根据上文“I had really had a hard time”以及作者要去的夏令营没有熟人在，作者感到沮丧，故选D。 √ 根据后文“I had convinced myself”可知，作者开始说服自己，劝自己勇敢一点，故选D。 上文“I had really had a hard time jumping into something without”提到作者没有熟人在的情况下，感到不安，结合后文“That evening， I filled out the art camp application”可知，作者终于决定参加，一开始决定不参加，故选A。 呼应上文“I went outside to draw the Westons’ towering pine tree”指作者细心地画出了松树粗壮的树干，故选C。 7.A．skipping B．attending C．reserving D．delaying √ √ 8.A．wrote B．watched C．drew D．cut 根据上文“Once lost in my sketching”可知，作者专注绘画，几乎没有注意到苍蝇。故选C。 √ √ 根据后文“soar even higher”以及“I noticed the knobby bumps(疙瘩状突起) of roots”提到树能吸收足够的水分，长得更高，以及树根突出了地面，都体现了树的力量。故选D。 9.A．desperately B．narrowly C．barely D．suddenly 10.A．magic B．function C．mystery D．strength 12.A．sticking B．hiding C．digging D．lifting 根据上文“spread out the roots near the surface， the tree could”以及后文“sufficient water”可知，树根伸到接近地表的地方，是为了吸收足够的水分来长大。故选C。 √ √ 根据后文“out of the ground all around the tree”指树根突出了地面，应用stick out of。故选A。 11.A．supply B．fetch C．absorb D．contain 13.A．well B．far C．deep D．long 根据上文“If you spread out the roots near the surface”以及下文“a tree’s roots stretched outward”可知，此处指树根延伸很远。故选B。 √ 根据上文“If you spread out the roots near the surface”以及“a tree’s roots stretched outward”可知，和树一样，要长得更大，就需要向外延伸自己。故选A。 14.A．reaching out B．growing up C．wising up D．turning out √ 呼应上文“a tree’s roots stretched outward”指作者把申请艺术营比喻成把自己树根延伸到新的土地上，故选B。 15.A．life B．roots C．camp D．interests √ Ⅳ．语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) (2025·山西省高三下一模) 　　Tan Dun is not a new face at the Beijing Music Festival．The Academy Award and Grammy Award-winning composer of Crouching Tiger， Hidden Dragon has been 1.______ regular visitor in the past 30 years．However， 2._______ is special for the 2024 event is the Ancient Bells of Peking’s Central Axis composed by Tan， who was inspired by Beijing’s Central Axis—a 7.8-kilometer-long north-south line running through the capital’s historical center， successfully 3._________ (add) to the UNESCO World Heritage (遗产) List on July 27， 2024. a what added 1.考查冠词。visitor是可数名词的单数形式，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，regular是发音以辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a。故填a。 2.考查主语从句。“_____________is special for the 2024 event”是主语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“……的事情”，因此空格处用what引导主语从句。故填what。 3.考查非谓语动词。who引导的从句中谓语是was inspired，空格处用非谓语动词，Beijing’s Central Axis和add之间是动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动。故填added。 　　His music， a 4.___________ (harmony) combination of Western and Eastern classical traditions， is firmly believed by experts to have the power 5.______________ (unite) people across cultures．The Ancient Bells of Peking’s Central Axis reflects Tan’s deep appreciation for China’s ancient history， while also 6._____________ (illustrate) the connection between tradition and modernity． harmonious to unite illustrating 4.考查形容词。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词combination，harmony的形容词是harmonious，意为“和谐的”。故填harmonious。 5.考查非谓语动词。have the power do sth是固定短语，意为“有力量做某事”，因此空格处用不定式to unite。故填to unite。 6.考查状语从句的省略。while引导的时间状语从句中用现在进行时，用it指代The Ancient Bells of Peking’s Central Axis，因此while引导的从句是while it is also illustrating，状语从句中主语和主句的主语一致，且从句中有be动词时，可省略从句中的主语和be动词，因此空格处是illustrating。故填illustrating。 　　Tan’s musical journey began in rural Hunan， where he 7.___________(draw) to local folk operas and the sounds of nature．These early experiences shaped his musical identity， which later influenced works like Passacaglia： Secret of Wind and Birds．This piece 8.___________ (skillful) combines traditional Chinese instruments with modern digital sounds， showing Tan’s philosophy that music goes through time and space， linking different generations and cultures． was drawn skillfully 7.考查时态、语态和主谓一致。空处是从句谓语动词，由主句谓语began可知，句子用一般过去时，主语he与draw之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，主语he是单数，be动词用was。故填 was drawn。 8.考查副词。空格处修饰动词combines，应用副词skillfully，意为“巧妙地”，作状语。故填skillfully。 　　For Tan， music is more than just an art form—it is a bridge between East and West．His 9.___________ (compose)， enriched by his cultural understanding， continues to push the boundaries 10.______classical music while honoring his heritage， demonstrating how music can connect East and West and bring people together across time and space． 语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了著名作曲家谭盾在北京音乐节上的重要地位以及他最新创作的音乐作品《北京中轴龙脉之钟》的独特意义。 composition of 9.考查名词。根据空前的形容词性物主代词His并结合句意可知，空处需用名词composition，这里指的是谭盾的“作品”这一整体概念，因此空格处用单数。故填composition。 10.考查介词。boundaries和classical music之间是所属关系，因此空格处用of表所属，故填of。 返回 谢 谢 观 看 Unit 1　Relationships $