专题5 1 第一讲 定语从句（Word教师用书）-【金版新学案】2027年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（北师大版）

该高中英语讲义聚焦定语从句高考核心考点，涵盖关系代词、关系副词及“介词+关系代词”三大类用法，按基础规则、区别对比、情境应用逻辑架构知识体系，通过表格归纳梳理考点、名师指津提供方法指导、即学即练与高考真题微练强化训练，帮助学生系统突破语法难点。 资料采用分层训练与策略指导结合的教学模式，如通过对比that/which用法差异、as/which非限制性从句区别等思维训练活动，培养学生分析比较的思维品质和语境中的语言应用能力，配合写作微练实现语法知识向表达能力转化，高效提升学生应考技能，为教师把控复习节奏提供清晰教学路径。

第一讲　定语从句 　　定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中作定语，修饰一个名词或代词，有时也可以修饰部分或整个句子。 考点一　关系代词引导的定语从句 1.关系代词的基本用法 关系代词 先行词 句法功能 who 人 主语、宾语 whom 人 宾语 that 人或物 主语、宾语、表语 which 物 主语、宾语 whose 人或物 定语 as 人或物 主语、宾语、表语 ①The little problems that we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions． 我们在日常生活中遇到的小问题可能是伟大发明的灵感来源。 ②(2025·全国二卷)Families who volunteer together have the unique experience of working toward a common goal．那些一起参与志愿服务的家庭拥有这样一种独特的经历：他们为了一个共同的目标而共同努力。 ③On the first day， I should want to see the people whose kindness and gentleness and companionship have made my life worth living．(外研选一U2) 在第一天，我想看到那些待我善良、温柔和友好，从而使我的生命值得活下去的人。 ④John is my best friend and he is one of the people who/whom I have complete confidence in．(译林选四U2) 约翰是我最好的朋友，他是我完全信任的人之一。 ［名师指津］　whose需要在从句中作定语，所以一般来说，whose后面须跟名词，且该名词前没有冠词或者物主代词限定。 2.关系代词that和which的用法区别 只用that的情况 先行词是all、everything、anything、nothing、something、little、much、none、few、the one等不定代词时。 先行词被the only、the very (正是、恰是)、the last等修饰时。(如先行词指人，可用who代替that) 先行词被all、any、few、every、no、little、much、some等词修饰时。(如先行词指人，可用who代替that) 先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰或先行词本身是序数词时 先行词中既有人也有物时 只用which的情况 引导非限制性定语从句时 关系代词前有介词时 ①The second book that the writer wrote was popular with young people． 那个作家写的第二本书很受年轻人的喜欢。 ②These works of literature are the very ones that should be read．这些文学作品正是人们所需要读的。 ③My mother and her old friends talked of persons and things that they remembered in the school． 母亲和她的老朋友们谈论起了他们在那所学校里所记得的人和事。 ④The International Day of Families， which was set by the United Nations in 1993，is held on 15 May every year．(外研必一U3) 国际家庭日由联合国于1993年设立，每年的5月15日为国际家庭日。 学生用书⬇第271页 ⑤Building the terraces therefore meant that they could increase the areas in which they could grow rice．(外研必一U6) 开垦梯田意味着他们可以扩大水稻的种植面积。 3.as引导的定语从句 as引导限制性定语从句主要用于the same...as...，such...as...和so...as...结构中。 as既可以指人也可以指物，在从句中可作主语、宾语和表语。 We have found the same materials as are used in their factory．我们已经找到了和他们工厂里使用的一样的材料。 These houses are sold at such a low price as people expected． 这些房子以人们期望的低价出售了。 ［名师指津］　which与as引导非限制性定语从句时的区别 as as引导非限制性定语从句，可放在主句前、中或后，as常译为“正如……，正像……”，常作实义动词(如see， know， expect， say等)的宾语 which which引导的非限制性定语从句只能置于主句后，常译为“这一点；这件事”等，which引导的从句与主句之间常含有并列或因果关系 ① As the old saying goes， “Where there is a will， there is a way．” 正如老话说的那样：“有志者，事竟成。” ②New students need to learn about the school rules， which is common practice in many places．(译林选四U2)新生需要了解校规，这在许多地方是很常见的做法。 ［即学即练1］——单句语法填空 1.It was no wonder that those parents 　whose　 children faced safety risks on these daily trips remained constantly worried． (2025·济南市三模) 2.Li Xingjie， a researcher 　who/that　 has been engaged in the study of the Yellow River Delta National Nature Reserve， said that the Yellow River Estuary is one of China’s six most beautiful wetlands in China． (2026·山东省齐鲁名校第五次联考) 考点二　关系副词引导的定语从句 先行词 关系副词 句法功能 与“介词＋关系代词”的关系 表示时间的名词：time，day，year等 when 作时间状语 =at/in/on/during which 表示场所的名词：park，place，country，house等 where 作地点状语 =in/at/to/on which 表示原因的名词：reason why 作原因状语 =for which ①There are many reasons why this has been possible， but one of the main factors has been the Chinese writing system．(人教必一U5) (中华文明)存续至今的原因有很多，但主要因素之一是汉字的书写体系。 ②We will always remember the moment when my classmate Li Chong crossed the finish line．我们永远都会铭记那个我的同学李冲冲过终点线的时刻。 ［名师指津］　(1)当先行词为一些表示抽象地点的名词，如point、situation、case、stage等时，如果引导词在从句中作状语，常用关系副词where引导定语从句。 When we travel， we should pay attention to situations where there might be unwritten rules， such as gift giving．(译林选四U2) 当我们旅行时，我们应该注意那些可能有不成文规则的情况，比如送礼物。 (2)先行词occasion意为“时机”时，用关系副词when；意为“场合”时，用关系副词where。 I can remember very few occasions when he had to cancel a meeting because of ill health．我记得他很少有因为健康不佳而不得不取消会议的情况。 Taking her with me on official occasions where many important figures are present has been a challenge． 在很多大人物到场的正式场合带上她对我而言是一种挑战。 学生用书⬇第272页 (3)当先行词way意为“方法、方式”，且在从句中作状语时，可用that、in which或省略关系词这三种形式。 This would mean we have to significantly change the way(that/in which) we live．(北师大选一U3) 这意味着我们必须极大地改变生活方式。 ［即学即练2］——单句语法填空 1.Today， Dujiangyan is admired by scientists from around the world because of one feature．Unlike modern dams 　where　 the water is blocked with a huge wall， Dujiangyan still lets water flow through the Minjiang River naturally． (2026·贵阳市七校联考三) 2.The origin of the Iron-Blossoms dates back to the Northern and Southern Dynasties， 　when　 it was a practice to pray for good fortune and a prosperous business． (2026·辽宁省重点中学二模) 3.To our delight， the area 　where　 sand and desert control measures were carried out has taken on an apparently new look and boosted the government’s confidence in promoting them in more areas． (2026·辽宁省协作校高三一模) 考点三　“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句 介词＋关系代词(which/whom) These terraces were built by the local Zhuang and Yao people， to whom Guangxi is home．(外研必一U6) 介词＋whose＋名词 He was the man from whose room the thief had stolen his bag． 名词/代词/数词＋介词＋关系代词(which/whom) Later， the medicine was tested on malaria patients， most of whom recovered．(人教选一U1) whose引导的非限制性定语从句修饰物时，“whose＋名词”可以换为“the＋名词＋of which”； 修饰人时，可以换为“the＋名词＋of whom”。 The newly built cafe，the walls of which(=whose walls) are painted light green，is really a peaceful place for us，especially after hard work． ［即学即练3］——单句语法填空 1.Every time we celebrate the hard-earned victory， for 　which　 the Chinese people made huge sacrifice (牺牲)， we bow our heads to honor those who died in the fighting for China’s national independence． (2026·沈阳市教学质量监测三) 2.The Longmen Grottoes are home to more than 2，300 caves， housing over 110，000 Buddhist figures and images， most of 　which　 were created between the Northern Wei (386-557) and Song (960-1279) dynasties． (2026·四川名优校联盟一模) 3.The durability of the wooden buildings has stood the test of time， of 　which　 the Forbidden City is a good example．After they were built about 600 years ago， Beijing has experienced about 200 earthquakes． (2026·山东名校模拟) ［解题思维建模］ 学生用书⬇第273页 Ⅰ．语法与高考真题微练——单句语法填空 1.Yet now，I live in the countryside of Zhejiang，China with my Chinese husband and his family， 　where　 bamboo and tea bushes(灌木)grow wild in the mountains． (2025·全国二卷) 2.However， according to a report by the World Wildlife Fund， tourists left over 1.3 billion tons of food waste last year， 　which　 accounted for about 8% of the total global gas release in 2024. (2025·北京卷) 3.The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design，to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route 　that/which　 brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England． (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) 4.Rankings， however， are only one reason 　why　 a low value is placed on teaching in higher education． (2023·北京卷) 5.Of course，shops are not charities—they price goods in the way 　that/which　 will make them the most money． (2024·浙江1月卷) Ⅱ．语法与真题写作微练——根据所给汉语完成句子 1.凯文和格林先生把他们找到的手表带到警察局。 (2025·浙江1月卷) Kevin and Mr．Green took 　the watch they had found　 to the police station． 2.打乒乓球确实是一个明智的选择，它不仅可以改善你的身体素质，还可以增强你的注意力和协调能力。 (2025·八省联考) It is really a wise option to play table tennis，　which not only can improve your physical fitness　 but also can enhance your focus and coordination． 3.举行活动的剧院距离酒店只有五个街区，酒店周围的区域似乎并不特别危险。 (2025·八省联考) The theater 　where the event was taking place　 was only about five blocks from the hotel，and the area around the hotel didn’t seem particularly dangerous． 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $