选修3 Unit 9 Human Biology（Word教师用书）-【金版新学案】2027年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（北师大版）

该高中英语高考复习讲义覆盖词汇（阅读、核心、拓展）、短语、经典句型及写作等核心考点，按“基础-拓展-应用”逻辑分层架构，通过考点梳理（如构词法、熟词生义）、方法指导（句型归纳、短语搭配）、真题训练（语法填空、写作应用）等环节，帮助学生系统构建知识网络，突破高频难点。 资料突出“词-句-篇”一体化复习策略，如通过“熟词生义”标注提升语言能力，“先练透后归纳”模式培养思维品质，设置应用文增分练和读后续写提能练等分层任务。结合真题语境训练，确保学生高效掌握考点，为教师把控复习节奏、提升学生应考能力提供有力支持。

注：表示该词的熟词生义。 Ⅰ．阅读单词 1.marathon n． 马拉松赛跑 2.athletics n．　　 田径运动 3.vaccine n．　　 疫苗 4.resilience n．　　 恢复力，复原力，适应力 5.doping n．　　 使用违禁药物(以提高体育比赛的成绩) 6.clone vt．　　 克隆，使无性繁殖 n．　　 克隆动物或植物，无性繁殖的个体 7.mammal n．　　 哺乳动物 8.camel n．　　 骆驼 9.cattle n．　　 牛 10.goat n．　　 山羊 11.primate n．　　 灵长目动物 12.ape n．　　 猿 13.reproductive adj．　　 繁殖的，生殖的 14.provoke vt．　　 激起，引起 15.ethical adj．　　 关于伦理的；合乎道德的 16.inferior adj．　　 低级别的，下级的；差的，次的 17.curse n．　　 祸因，祸根；诅咒，咒语 18.atom n．　　 原子 19.organ n．　　 器官 20.impulse n．　　 (神经)冲动，(电)脉冲 21.crossword n．　　 纵横字谜，纵横填字游戏 22.intake n．　　 摄入量，摄取量 23.omega n．　　 欧米伽(希腊字母表的最后一个字母，即Ω，ω) 24.epidemic n．　　 传染病，流行病 25.virus n．　　 病毒 26.bacteria n．　　 细菌 27.baseline n．　　 (医学或科学中的)基线，准线 28.parallel n．　　 (不同地点或不同时间的两事物之间的)联系，相似 adj．　　 平行的 29.sample n．　　 样本，样品 vt．　　 品尝，尝试；对……做抽样调查 30.CE　　 公元(用于日期后) 31.lung n．　　 肺 32.mineral n．　　 矿物质；矿产 33.database n．　　 数据库，资料库 Ⅱ．核心单词 1.justify vt．　　 证明……有道理，为……辩护 2.barrier n．　　 障碍，壁垒 3.twin n．　　 双胞胎中的一个 4.forever adv．　　 永远；长久地 5.clue n．　　 线索，提示 6.crucial adj．　　 至关重要的，关键性的 7.bound adj．　　 很有可能，肯定会；一定的；(车、船等)开往……的 vi．　　 跳跃 8.mere adj．　　 仅仅，只不过；极小的，极不重要的 9.abuse vt．　　 滥用，妄用；虐待 n．　　 滥用；虐待；谩骂 10.contain vt．　　 包含，容纳，装盛；抑制 11.zone n．　　 地区，地带 12.factor n．　　 因素，要素 13.officially adv．　　 官方地，正式地 14.widespread adj．　　 分布广的，广泛流传的 15.symptom n．　　 症状；征兆，症候 16.bury vt．　　 埋葬，安葬；埋藏；使陷入 17.pose vt．　　 造成，引起，产生(问题、危险、困难等) vi．　　 (为画像、摄影)摆好姿势 n．　　 (为画像、拍照等而摆的)姿势，姿态；装腔作势 学生用书⬇第197页 18.outbreak n．　　 (战争或疾病)爆发，突然发生 19.trial n．　　 试验；审判，审理 20.underline vt．　　 强调，使突出；在……之下画线 21.thorough adj．　　 彻底的，全面的，详尽的 22.paragraph n．　　 (文章的)段，段落 23.phenomenon n．　　 现象 24.needle n．　　 针 25.victim n．　　 (袭击事件、抢劫事件或凶杀案的)受害者 Ⅲ．拓展单词 1.biology n．生物学 →biological adj．生物的；生物学的 →biologist n．生物学家 2.capability n．(完成困难事情的)能力，才能 →capable adj．有能力的 →incapable adj．没有能力的 3.infer vt．推断，推定 →inference n．推断，推定 4.calculate vt．计算，核算 →calculation n．计算，核算 →calculator n．计算器 5.physicist n．物理学家 →physics n．物理学 →physical adj．物理学的；身体的；物质的 6.innovate vi．& vt．革新，创新，改革 →innovation n．创新，革新 7.betterment n．(个人社会和经济地位的)改良，改善，提高 →better vt．改善，提高；超过；胜过 8.edit vi．& vt．编辑，编校；剪辑，剪接 →edition n．版本，版次 →editor n．编辑，主编 9.gene n．基因 →genetic adj．遗传学的，基因的 10.artificially adv．人为地，虚假地 →artificial adj．人造的；人工的；虚假的 11.comparison n．比较 →compare v．比较；比喻 →comparable adj．可比较的 →incomparable adj．不可比拟的 12.wholly adv．完全地 →whole adj．完全的 13.accurate adj．准确的，正确的 →inaccurate adj．不精确的，不准确的 →accurately adv．准确地 →accuracy n．准确性，准确度 14.treatment n．诊疗，治疗，疗法；对待方式 →treat n．乐事；款待 vt．治疗；对待；招待，款待 15.emotion n．强烈的情感，激情 →emotional adj．情绪的，情感的 16.blessing n．福气，幸运 →bless vt．祝福 17.nerve n．神经；焦虑，恐惧，紧张 →nervous adj．紧张的 18.variation n．变化物，变体；差异，变动 →vary vi．变化；改变；变更 →variety n．多样化，变化 →various adj．不同的；各种各样的 19.rare adj．稀有的，罕见的，不常发生的 →rarely adv．很少，难得 20.opposed adj．与某事物相反；反对某事物，不赞成某事物 →oppose vt．反对 →opposition n．反对，反抗 21.depressing adj．令人沮丧的，让人忧愁的 →depressed adj．沮丧的，忧愁的 →depress vt．令人沮丧；使萧条 →depression n．沮丧；(经济)萧条 22.estimate vt．估计，估算 →estimation n．估计 23.visible adj．看得见的 →vision n．视力；视野；想象力 →invisible adj．看不见的 24.steadily adv．稳定地 →steady adj．稳定的；稳固的 →unsteady adj．不稳定的 25.actual adj．实际的，真实的 →actually adv．实际上；事实上 26.systematic adj．系统化的，有条理的 →system n．系统，体系，制度 27.globe n．地球，世界；地球仪 →global adj．全球的 28.corresponding adj．相应的；对应的 →correspond vi．相一致；符合；类似于；通信 →correspondence n．一致；相似；相关；通信；信件 29.identify vt．确定，发现；认出，识别 →identification n．确定，发现；鉴定；辨认 30.symbolically adv．象征地，象征性地 →symbol n．象征；符号 →symbolical adj．象征性的 31.astronomer n．天文学家 →astronomy n．天文学 构词法 前缀under-表示“在……之下，低于；下面的，从属的，次的；不足”。 undergrowth n．(长在大树下或周边的)下木层　underground n．地铁　underline v．在……下面划线；强调　underneath prep．/adv．在……下面 学生用书⬇第198页 Ⅳ．重点短语 1.be capable of 能够 2.in comparison with　　 与……相比 3.be devoted to　　 致力于 4.be responsible for　　 对……负责 5.get through　　 度过，熬过(困难时期等) 6.up to　　 多达 7.get over　　 解决；恢复 8.come up with　　 想到，提出 9.a great deal of　　 大量 10.be bound to　　 一定会 11.be viewed as　　 被看作是 12.be classified as　　 被归类为…… 13.in the course of　　 在……过程中；在……期间 14.result in　　 导致；结果是 Ⅴ．经典句型 句型1：the＋序数词＋n．＋to do... They were the first-ever primates (the order of mammals which include apes，monkeys，and humans) to have been cloned!它们是有史以来首次被克隆的灵长类动物(哺乳动物的一个类别，包括猿、猴子和人类)! 句型2：insist后接that宾语从句 Researchers insist that the science of cloning should be further explored and advanced． 研究人员坚持认为，克隆科学应进一步得到探索与发展。 句型3：现在分词短语作结果状语 Scientists now estimate that up to 50% of the area’s population died from the epidemic，making it one of the main causes of the fall of the Roman Empire． 科学家们现在估计，该地区多达50%的人口死于这种流行病，使其成为罗马帝国衰落的主要原因之一。 句型4：sb/sth be believed to be/have been...某人/某物被认为是…… Having killed up to 50 million people in 18 months，the Spanish Flu is believed to have been the most severe epidemic in history． 在18个月内造成5 000万人死亡之后，西班牙流感被认为是历史上最严重的流行病。  comparison n．比较(compare v．比较；比喻comparable adj．可比较的incomparable adj．不可比拟的) 先练透　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①(2024·全国甲卷)My childhood is quite happy 　compared　 (compare) with hers． ②(2025·北京卷)Since they were young， I have told my kids not to compare themselves 　with　 other people． ③书籍被比作人类进步的阶梯，因此，我主张我们应该在业余时间多读书。(应用文之倡议书) Books 　are compared to the ladder of human progress　，and hence，I advocate that we should enjoy more books in our spare time． ④主街喧嚣嘈杂。相比之下，我们的小巷是一个宁静的避风港。(读后续写之环境描写) The main street was bustling and noisy．　By comparison　， our little alley was a haven of peace． 后归纳 (1)by comparison　　　 相比之下，相较而言 in comparison with　　 与……相比较 (2)compare...with...　　 把……和……相比较 compare...to...　　 把……比作……；把……和……相比较 compared to/with...　　 和……相比(通常作状语) 学生用书⬇第199页  treatment n．诊疗，治疗，疗法；对待方式(treat n．乐事；款待 vt．治疗；对待；招待，款待) 先练透　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Because I was under 　treatment　(treat)，my mother was strongly opposed to my father treating me 　to　 junk food． ②(2022·浙江6月卷)通过社区服务，我完全意识到，我们不仅要以尊重对待无家可归的人，而且应该把他们看作平等的人。(读后续写之善行) Through the community service，I fully realized that not only 　should we treat the homeless people with respect　 but we 　should (also) treat them as equal souls　． 后归纳 (1)under treatment 在治疗中 (2)treat...as...　　 把……看作……；把……视为…… treat sb to sth　　 用某物招待某人，以某物款待某人 treat sb with...　　 以……方式对待某人 【点津】　“把……当……看待”的表达荟萃： (1)regard...as...；(2)consider...as...；(3)think of...as...；(4)see...as...；(5)view...as...  bound adj．很有可能，肯定会；一定的；(车、船等)开往……的 vi．跳跃 先练透　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①I would be very thankful if you could reserve a ticket for the train bound 　for　 Wuhan tomorrow morning． ②我相信，只有你全身心投入到比赛中，你才一定会成功。(应用文之建议信) I am convinced that only if you are devoted to the competition 　are you bound to succeed　． 后归纳 be bound to do sth 肯定会做某事，很可能做某事；有义务做某事 be bound for...　　 准备前往(某地)  blessing n．福气，幸运(bless vt．祝福) 先练透　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①A sweet peace flooded me like 　a　 blessing which made me hopeful again． ②这座拥有千年历史的古城，有幸留存着保存完好的文物与独特的民俗文化遗产。(应用文之推荐信) This ancient city， with a history spanning over a thousand years， 　is blessed with well-preserved cultural relics　 and a unique folk heritage． 后归纳 be blessed with幸运地享有；有幸得到  opposed adj．与某事物相反；反对某事物，不赞成某事物(oppose vt．反对opposition n．反对，反抗) 先练透　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①She openly opposes 　using　(use) plastic bags in daily life， so she always carries a reusable cloth bag with her． ②Many parents 　are opposed　(oppose) to their children spending too much time on mobile phones， fearing it will affect their study and eyesight． ③随着国家反对浪费食物，一项呼吁我们学生节约食物的活动已经启动。 　With the nation opposing wasting food　，an activity has been launched to call on us students to save food．(活动介绍) ④(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)我强烈反对大卫放弃越野跑。他紧紧地闭上眼睛，思索着我的反对。(读后续写之心理描写) I strongly 　opposed David/David’s giving up the cross-country run　．He closed his eyes tightly， pondering on my opposition． 后归纳 (1)be opposed to (doing) sth 反对(做)某事 (2)oppose (doing) sth　　 反对(做)某事 oppose sb/sb’s doing sth　　 反对某人做某事 学生用书⬇第200页  bury vt．埋葬，安葬；埋藏；使陷入 先练透　完成句子/一句多译 ①詹妮弗坐在地板上，双手捂着脸，身体颤抖着，轻声地开始哭泣。(读后续写之动作＋情绪描写) Jennifer sat on the floor， 　burying her face in her hands　，and her body trembled as she softly began to cry． ②我每天专心读英文报并获得了丰富多彩的知识。 →I 　bury myself/am buried in reading　 the English newspaper every day and I have gained abundant knowledge． → 　Burying myself/Buried in reading　 the English newspaper every day，I have gained abundant knowledge．(动词-ing/-ed形式作状语) 后归纳 bury oneself in 埋头于；专心于 be buried in　　 专心于；被埋葬在…… bury one’s face in one’s hands　　 双手掩面 【点津】　表示“专注于；致力于；埋头于”的短语还有：be absorbed in、concentrate on、focus on、fix one’s attention on、be devoted to=devote oneself to、occupy oneself in doing/with=be occupied in doing/with。  suspect n．(犯罪)嫌疑人，可疑分子 vt．怀疑(suspicion n．怀疑；疑心 suspicious adj．怀疑的；可疑的) 先练透　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①My mom suspected my little sister 　to be　(be) the one who ate the last piece of cake， since she’d been talking about it all afternoon． ②He suspected me of 　stealing　(steal) the old woman’s gold ring and even my best friend was 　suspicious　(suspect) about my personal qualities，so I buried my face in my hands，sobbing uncontrollably． ③很抱歉之前指责你拿了我的书，现在我怀疑是我自己把它落在家里某个地方了。(应用文之道歉信) I’m sorry I accused you of taking my book．I now 　suspect that I just misplaced it　 somewhere at home． 后归纳 (1)suspect that... 怀疑…… suspect sb to be/as...　　 怀疑某人是…… suspect sb of (doing) sth 怀疑某人(做过)某事 (2)be suspicious of/about sb/sth 感觉某人/某事可疑的 【点津】　与suspect sb of sth结构相同的短语还有：inform sb of sth，remind sb of sth，rob sb of sth，accuse sb of sth，warn sb of sth等。  the＋序数词＋名词＋to do ［教材原句］　They were the first-ever primates (the order of mammals which include apes，monkeys，and humans) to have been cloned! 它们是有史以来首次被克隆的灵长类动物(哺乳动物的一个类别，包括猿、猴子和人类)! 先练透　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①I would like to take this opportunity 　to encourage　(encourage) more people to join in environmental protection actions． ②As far as I know，Amy was the only person 　to witness　 (witness) the car accident． ③就个人而言，我认为我是做这个工作的最佳人选。(应用文之申请信) Personally，I think I 　am the best person to take up the job　． 学生用书⬇第201页 后归纳 动词不定式作后置定语的几种情况： (1)序数词、最高级以及the only，the last，the right等或被这些词修饰的名词后常用动词不定式作定语。 (2)抽象名词decision，ability，determination，opportunity，chance，way，ambition以及time，place后常用动词不定式作定语。【点津】　如果动词不定式中的动词是不及物动词，后面必须有介词。  动词-ing形式短语作结果状语 ［教材原句］　Scientists now estimate that up to 50% of the area’s population died from the epidemic，making it one of the main causes of the fall of the Roman Empire． 科学家们现在估计，该地区多达50%的人口死于这种流行病，使其成为罗马帝国衰落的主要原因之一。 先练透　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①She approached and checked it，only 　to find　 (find) one of the dog’s legs seriously broken． ②它教会了我回馈社会和为有意义的事业共同努力的价值，使其成为我高中之旅中真正有价值的经历。 It taught me the value of giving back and working together for a meaningful cause， 　making it a truly valuable experience in my high school journey　．(读后续写之主旨升华) 后归纳 (1)动词-ing形式短语作结果状语表示意料、情理之中的结果； (2)动词不定式还可以作结果状语，一般放在句子后面，且常表示出乎意料的结果，常与only，just等词连用。 维度一　词汇语境运用 1.(2025·北京卷)In this family， we don’t compare ourselves 　with　 other people． 2.(2025·浙江1月卷)The platform has enabled Ribeiro to realise her dream with a great deal of freedom， as 　opposed　 (oppose) to a restaurant... 3.(2024·北京卷)When something is contradictory to their view， they don’t treat it 　as　 exceptional． 4.(2022·浙江6月卷)In New York，a multicultural city，students like me are blessed 　with　 a chance to work with a diverse population． 5.In a word， the trip will be both relaxing and rewarding，which is bound 　to be　(be) a memorable experience for you． 6.She got 　through　 her exams without too much difficulty． 7.According to its content，human learning can be classified 　as　 knowledge learning，skill learning and moral learning． 8.Suspected 　of　 damaging this cultural heritage，he was arrested by the police． 9.Lack of exercise can lead to feelings of 　depression　 (depress) and exhaustion． 10.What’s most impressive is that it is capable 　of　 providing some exercises according to the mistakes collected in their former exercises． 维度二　阅读理解清障 Ⅰ．熟词生义、一词多义 1.熟词生义——写出句中加黑词汇的词性及汉语意思 (1)She took a deep breath to contain her anger when her classmate accidentally spilled water on her notebook． 　vt．抑制　 (2)The teacher used a red marker to underline the key points in the textbook， so students could review them easily． 　vt．强调，使突出　 (3)Before giving her first speech in front of the whole class， she felt a wave of nerve and gripped the microphone tightly． 　n．恐惧，紧张　 学生用书⬇第202页 2.一词多义 (1)bound ［对点微练］——选出bound的含义 A．adj．很有可能，肯定会　B．adj．(车、船等)开往……的　C．vi．跳跃 ①The little girl laughed and bounded across the grass to greet her father who had just come back from work．　　C　　 ②We rushed to the station and finally caught the train bound for Shanghai just before it pulled out．　　B　　 ③With her hard work and talent， she is bound to win the school’s English speech contest this year．　　A　　 (2)pose ［对点微练］——写出pose的词性和词义 During the art class， we had to pose① for a sketch—some stood with books； others sat casually．The teacher said poor posture poses② a threat to our spines， so she corrected our poses③ gently．Those natural postures， not fake poses④ ， made the class lively and fun． 　①vi．(为画像、摄影)摆好姿势　②vt．造成，引起　③n．姿势　④n．装腔作势　 Ⅱ．构词法 写出下列黑体词的含义 1.As an undergraduate， he is actively involved in various campus clubs and research projects to enrich his experience．　大学生，本科生　 2.You should never underestimate the power of daily review； it can significantly improve your final exam score．　低估　 3.Our school campus will undergo a major renovation during the summer vacation to provide better facilities for us．　经历，经受　 4.She decided to undertake the role of team leader in the group project， coordinating all the tasks and members．　承担，从事　 5.We left the canteen quickly because the chicken served was undercooked and we didn’t want to risk getting sick．　(食物) 未煮熟的　 Part 1.应用文增分练(科学与技术——基因工程) 　　用本单元所学词汇、句式完成下面的应用文写作，再背诵。 【情境呈现】 　　随着科学技术的发展，克隆技术已经引起了人们极大的关注。人们对这个问题的看法也各不相同。请写一篇文章介绍人们对克隆技术的不同观点，并表明自己的立场。 【布局谋篇】 首段　引出主题 　　It is known that scientists have made great progress in cloning technology，①　which has brought about a heated debate over whether cloning is a blessing or a curse　(这引发了一场关于克隆是福还是祸的激烈争论)． 中段　提出论点 　　Some people support cloning，saying it can bring medical progress and help the reproduction of endangered and even extinct species around the world．But on the other hand，②　many people are strongly opposed to it　(许多人强烈反对它)．③　They suspect that those who support cloning are morally wrong and would bring trouble to us humans　(他们怀疑那些支持克隆的人在道德上是错误的，会给我们人类带来麻烦)． 尾段　自己的看法 　　As for me，I insist that on the one hand，we should promote its development，and on the other hand，we should strengthen the management of cloning technology．④　We can benefit greatly from cloning only when we show great caution on this delicate issue　(只有当我们在这个微妙的问题上表现出极大的谨慎时，我们才能从克隆中受益匪浅)． 学生用书⬇第203页 【多元表达】 ⑤用倒装句升级句④We can benefit greatly from cloning only when we show great caution on this delicate issue． →　Only when we show great caution on this delicate issue can we benefit greatly from cloning．　 Part 2.读后续写提能练 拓展语料积累　情感细节描写之“愤怒” (声音和肢体动作) 【语言素材】 声音/牙 齿/嘴唇 ①thunder 　　　　　　　 愤怒地大叫；怒吼；②howl/storm　　　　　　　 怒吼； ③shout in anger/furiously　　怒吼；　　④voice shook/trembled　　声音颤抖； ⑤in an angry voice用愤怒的声音；⑥with cold anger in one’s voice声音里带着冷冰冰的愤怒； ⑦mouth/lips trembled　　嘴/嘴唇颤抖；　　⑧teeth lock together in anger　　气得咬牙切齿 手 ①shake one’s fist at sb朝某人挥舞拳头； ②slam/pound sth with fists　　用拳头猛捶……； ③one’s hands/fingers tremble with rage/anger　　手/手指因愤怒而颤抖； ④slam the door furiously/angrily behind　　愤然摔门而去 腿/脚 ①storm in/out/off怒气冲冲地闯进/走出/气呼呼地跑掉； ②spring up in anger　　气得跳起来； ③stamp one’s feet in anger　　气得跺脚 全身 ①anger poured/rushed through sb怒不可遏； ②burn/boil with anger/rage　　怒火中烧；怒不可遏 【靓句表达】 1.She shouted in anger like a storm breaking over the quiet room． 她怒气冲冲地大喊大叫，像一场暴风雨骤然席卷了这个安静的房间。 2.The teacher boiled with anger when the students ignored her repeated warnings． 学生们无视她的再三警告，老师气得怒火攻心。 3.He stormed out of the apartment， slamming the door furiously behind him after arguing with his roommate about the rent． 和室友为房租争执一番后，他怒气冲冲地冲出公寓，猛地将身后的门狠狠摔上。 4.My grandmother’s hands trembled with anger when she saw someone littering in the community garden． 奶奶看到有人在小区花园里乱扔垃圾，气得双手发抖。 5.Her voice trembled with anger when she accused him of lying． 指责他撒谎时，她的声音因愤怒而颤抖。 6.She heard his rude remarks and felt her teeth lock together in anger． 听到他无礼的言论，她气得咬牙切齿。 续写语料运用　用表“愤怒”的表达补全下面的微场景并背诵 微场景：主题“校园生活”——在图书馆复习被他人打扰时的“愤怒” 　　As the final exam drew near， I was trying to do some revision for an important oral exam in the local library．However， people kept disturbing me， and ①　I was getting more and more annoyed　 (我越来越恼火)．Of course， the more upset I got， the less I was able to concentrate．The last straw was when I heard someone singing behind me．The singing was so loud that I could even recognize the song! I turned around and glared at the person who was singing．②　I picked up my books， glared at her and whispered angrily　 (我收起书，怒视着她，生气地低声说；动作链)， “Thanks to your noise．I’ve been unable to study．You’re so selfish!” Then ③　I stormed out of the library with anger　 (我生气地冲出图书馆)． 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $