选修1 Unit 2 The universal language （Word教师用书）-【金版新学案】2027年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（译林版）

该高中英语高考复习讲义围绕词汇、句式、阅读和写作核心考点，按照“自检自测-重难突破-关键能力-学科素养”的梯级逻辑组织内容，系统梳理阅读单词、核心词汇、变形词及经典句式，构建从基础积累到综合运用的知识网络。通过限时默写检测、重难词汇用法精讲、真题阅读分析及写作实战训练，帮助学生夯实基础，突破难点，提升语篇理解和表达能力，体现复习教学的系统性和针对性。 资料突出分层训练和核心素养导向，如“compose”词汇教学中，通过单句语法填空巩固用法，结合微写作“整理思绪”等语境提升语言能力，培养表达思维。“词义活用”模块通过一词多义练习发展思维品质，配合2022新高考Ⅰ卷阅读真题分析指导学生把握考点。分层练习和即时反馈确保高效复习，为教师把控节奏、提升学生应考能力提供支持。

梯级一　自检自测·语境运用 说明：背诵完课本单词后，完成默写检测(限时：25分钟，满分：100分) Ⅰ.阅读单词英译汉(每空1分，共18分) 1．Austrian adj. 奥地利的，奥地利人的 2．symphony n. 交响乐，交响曲 3．concerto n. 协奏曲 4．Polish adj. 波兰(人/语)的 5．blues n. 布鲁斯音乐，蓝调；忧郁，悲伤 6．heaven n. 极乐之地 7．jazz n. 爵士乐 8．arch n. 拱门；拱 9．disc n. 唱片；光碟，光盘；圆盘，圆片 10．lane n. (乡间)小路；小巷；车道；跑道；航线 11．handkerchief n. 手帕，纸巾 12．vast adj. 大量的，辽阔的，巨大的 13．orchestra n. 管弦乐队 14．chorus n. 合唱曲；副歌；合唱团 15．grand adj. 宏大的，宏伟的；壮丽的 16．finale n. 末乐章，终场，结局；结尾 17．rhythm n. 节奏，韵律，律动；规律 18．volume n. 音量，响度；体积，容积，容量；量，额 Ⅱ.核心单词默写(每空1分，共31分) 1．deserve better treatment　 　 值得更好的待遇 2．whisper softly 轻声低语 3．weep silently 默默地哭泣 4．overcome language barriers 克服语言障碍 5．turn sorrow into strength 化悲痛为力量 6．visit her grandparents' grave 为她的祖父母扫墓 7．remember forever 永远铭记 8．traditional folk tales 传统民间故事 9．a catchy tune 一首朗朗上口的曲子 10．beautiful lyrics 优美的歌词 11．rural scenery 乡村风光 12．cool breeze 凉爽的微风 13．guarantee quality service 保证优质服务 14．piano solo performance 钢琴独奏表演 15．flow into the sea 流入大海 16．launch a spacecraft 发射宇宙飞船 17．solar panels 太阳能电池板 18．turn up the volume 调高音量 19．stare at the screen 盯着屏幕看 20．grab the opportunity 抓住机会 21．sweep the floor clean 把地板打扫干净 22．solve complicated puzzles 解决复杂难题 23．a remarkable achievement 一项非凡的成就 24．a mountain stream 山间小溪 25．have a good reputation 声誉好 26．a brilliant idea 一个巧妙的主意 27．feel upset 感到难过 28．abandon hope 放弃希望 29．ease financial pressure 减轻经济压力 30．a musical genius 一位音乐天才 31．seasonal variation 季节性变化 Ⅲ.变形单词默写(每空0.5分，共31分) 1．① a contemporary composer 一位当代作曲家 ② compose music for a film 为一部电影作曲 ③ original musical composition 原创音乐作品 2．① combine tradition with innovation 传统与创新结合 ② a perfect combination 完美的结合 3．① a pleasant journey 一次愉快的旅程 ② please the audience 取悦观众 ③ be pleased with the result 对结果非常满意 ④ take pleasure in reading 以阅读为乐 4．① a dramatic improvement 显著的改善 ② dramatically reduce costs 大幅降低成本 5．① completely transform appearance 彻底改变外观 ② personal transformation 个人蜕变 6．① adapt to new surroundings 适应新环境 ② be surrounded with love 被爱包围 ③ check surrounding areas 检查周边区域 7．① quickly adapt to changes 快速适应变化 ② an adaptation of a novel 小说的改编本 ③ be highly adaptable 适应性很强 8．① drive back all invaders 击退所有的侵略者 ② invade personal space 侵犯个人空间 ③ an invasion of privacy 对隐私的侵犯 9．① defend the homeland 保卫家园 ② national defence 国防 10．① greet guests warmly 热情地迎接客人 ② exchange greetings 互致问候 11．① suit your needs 符合你的需求 ② find a suitable location 找到一个合适的地点 12．① set a new record 创造新纪录 ② make a recording 进行录制 13．① safe social distance 安全社交距离 ② sound of distant thunder 远处的雷声 14．① breathe fresh air 呼吸新鲜空气 ② recite the whole poem in one breath 一口气背出整首诗 15．① more than usual 比平常多 ② usually wear jeans 通常穿牛仔裤 ③ an unusual experience 一次不寻常的经历 16．① enjoy each other' company 享受彼此的陪伴 ② a faithful companion 一位忠实的同伴 ③ accompany children 陪同孩子 17．① expect immediate results 期待立即见效 ② expected outcome 预期的结果 ③ an unexpected guest 不速之客 ④ lower expectations appropriately 适当降低期望 18．① enthusiastic fans 热情的粉丝 ② lack of enthusiasm 缺乏热情 19．① a gifted child 有天赋的孩子 ② a precious gift 一份珍贵的礼物 20．① predict market trends 预测市场趋势 ② make an accurate prediction 做出准确的预测 21．① an ordinary day 平常的一天 ② display extraordinary courage 展现非凡的勇气 22．① depress the market 使市场萧条 ② depressing news 令人沮丧的消息 ③ feel lonely and depressed 感到孤独和沮丧 ④ battle with depression 与抑郁症斗争 23．① possess unique abilities 拥有独特能力 ② legal possession 合法拥有 24．① a desperate look 绝望的神情 ② a sense of desperation 绝望感 25．① uplift the spirit 振奋精神 ② uplifting news 令人振奋的消息 Ⅳ.重点短语默写(每空1分，共10分) 1．tear apart 　　　　　 使(关系密切的人)分离，分开 2．rely on 依赖，依靠；信任 3．throw in 奉送，额外赠送 4．for good measure 作为额外增添 5．consist of 由……组成(或构成) 6．get down to doing sth 开始做某事，开始注意(或对待)某事 7．all of a sudden 突然，猛地 8．turn out 结果是，证明是 9．be well received 深受欢迎 10．be capable of doing sth 有能力做某事 Ⅴ.经典句式默写(每题2分，共10分) 1．梁山伯悲愤交加，染病而亡。(形容词短语作状语) Angry and sad, Liang falls sick and dies. 2．当时贝多芬已近全聋，直到一位领唱扶着他转过身来，面向观众，他才意识到观众的反应。(who引导定语从句) Beethoven, who was almost completely deaf at this point in his life, was unaware of the audience's response until one of the singers turned him around to face the crowd. 3．他看见全场的观众全部起立，有的鼓掌，有的挥舞帽子和手帕，表达着他们对这部杰作的赞赏。(see＋宾语＋宾补) Before him, he saw a sea of people all standing, clapping, and waving their hats and handkerchiefs to express their appreciation of his masterwork. 4．他少年时就已被誉为一名出色的年轻音乐家。(by the time引导时间状语从句) By the time he was a teenager, he had already enjoyed a reputation as a wonderful young musician. 5．他痛苦不堪，以至于起初只想尽量隐瞒。(so ... that ... 句型) He was so upset that, at first, he wanted to keep it a secret. 梯级二　重难突破·靶向训练 compose vt.& vi.作曲；组成；撰写；使镇静→composer n．作曲家，作曲者→composition n．作文；作品；作曲；构成，成分；构图；创作 (1)be composed of 由……组成(＝be made up of＝consist of＝be comprised of) (2)compose oneself 使自己镇定下来 compose one's thoughts 整理思绪　　 [练会]　单句语法填空 ① (人教版必修二U5)His musical works were so popular that he was thought of by many as the most important composer (compose) of his generation.[应用文写作之人物介绍] ② Scientists analysed the composition (compose) of the soil on Mars to determine its potential for supporting life. ③ The traditional Chinese orchestra is composed of instruments like the erhu, pipa, and guzheng.[应用文写作之传统文化] [写美]　微写作·背诵 ④ 听到那个令人震惊的消息后，他靠在墙上支撑身体，紧紧闭上眼睛，默默让自己平静下来。[读后续写之动作描写] After hearing the shocking news, he leaned against the wall for support, closed his eyes tightly, and silently composed himself． ⑤ 我建议你在会议前整理一下思路，这样你可以更有效地表达自己的想法。[应用文写作之建议信] I suggest you should compose your thoughts before the meeting so that you can present your ideas more effectively. deserve vt.值得，应得→deserving adj.值得的；应得的 deserve to do sth 应该做某事；值得做某事 sth deserve doing＝sth deserve to be done 某事值得被做 deserve consideration/attention/a rest/praise 值得考虑/注意/应该休息/应受到表扬　　 [练会]　单句语法填空 ① The charity focuses on helping the most deserving (deserve) families in rural areas.[应用文写作之组织介绍] ② (外研版选三U6)Her book not only changed the world; half a century later it remains a book that deserves rereading/to be reread (reread) today. ③ You deserve to enjoy (enjoy) a worry­free weekend, so please join us at the lake house.[应用文写作之邀请信] [写美]　微写作·背诵 ④ 传统手工艺值得我们关注；让我们学习并传承它们。[应用文写作之倡议书] The traditional crafts deserve our attention; let's learn and pass them on. rely on 依赖，依靠；信任 (1)rely on (doing) sth 依赖/信任/指望(做)某事 rely on sb to do sth 指望/相信某人会做某事 rely on it that ... 相信……；指望…… (2)reliable adj.可信赖的，可依靠的　　 [练会]　单句语法填空 ① (外研版选修二U3)It is clear that the elderly have already come to rely on digital technology to help (help) them remain independent and keep in touch with friends and relatives. ② We are looking for someone who is reliable (rely) and hard­working. [写美]　微写作·背诵 ③ 你可以依靠每天读一篇文章来扩大词汇量，这样积累虽然缓慢但很扎实。[应用文写作之建议信] You may rely on reading one article daily to expand your vocabulary—it builds up gradually but surely. ④ 你应该相信，善意即便有时不被看见，也会种下不经意间绽放的种子。[读后续写之哲理句] You should rely on it that kindness, though unseen at times, plants seeds that bloom in unexpected moments. 【语用点拨】当depend/rely on，appreciate等词后接宾语从句时，一般先加形式宾语it，再接宾语从句。 guarantee vt.& n．保证，担保；确保 n．保证；保修单；担保物 (1)guarantee to do sth/that ... 保证/担保做某事；确保…… 保证某人得到某物 be guaranteed to do sth 肯定会做某事 (2)give sb a guarantee that ... 向某人保证，确保……(that引导同位语从句) under guarantee 在保修期内　　 [练会]　单句语法填空 ① (外研版选修四U1)As many of us already know, having plans in place for the future is no guarantee that they will become reality. ② If you yell at him, he is guaranteed to do (do) the opposite of what you want. [写美]　微写作·背诵 ③ 这台洗衣机从昨晚开始就发出巨响，幸好还在保修期内。[应用文写作之投诉信] This washing machine, which remains under guarantee luckily, has been making loud noises since last night. ④ 她温柔地拍着小狗，笑容温暖，保证在他们离开后好好照顾它。[读后续写之动作描写] She patted the puppy gently, smiling warmly, and guaranteed to take good care of it after they were away. consist of 由……组成(或构成) consist in 在于，存在于 consist with 与……一致/相符　　 [练会]　单句语法填空 ① (外研版必修三U6)Consisting (consist) of 62 people, it not only included rescuers and medical staff, but also included earthquake experts. [写美]　微写作·背诵 ② 埃玛说话轻柔，笑容温暖，她温和的举止与她作为一名体贴的护士的形象完全一致。[应用文写作之人物介绍] Emma speaks softly, smiles warmly, and her gentle manners consist with her image as a caring nurse completely. ③ 真正的力量不在于从不跌倒，而在于每次跌倒后都能重新站起。[读后续写之哲理句] True strength does not consist in never falling, but in rising every time we fall. accompany vt.陪同，陪伴；伴随；(尤指用钢琴)为……伴奏→company n．陪伴；公司→companion n．伙伴，伴侣，同伴 (1)accompany sb to ... 陪某人去…… be accompanied by 在……的陪同下 accompany sb at/on sth 用某物为某人伴奏 (2)keep sb company 陪伴某人　　 [练会]　单句语法填空 ① Only the children accompanied (accompany) by parents can sign up for the competition.[应用文写作之通知] ② Her fingers trembled slightly as she accompanied him on/at the piano.[读后续写之动作描写] [写美]　微写作·背诵 ③ 很抱歉没能如约陪你去艺术展。[应用文写作之道歉信] I am truly sorry for failing to accompany you to the art exhibition as promised. ④ 外面暴风雨肆虐，莉莉通过读童话故事来陪伴弟弟，她温柔舒缓的声音安抚了他的恐惧。[读后续写之动作描写] As the storm raged outside, Lily kept her little brother company by reading fairy tales, her voice soft and soothing to calm his fears. expectation n．希望，盼望；预料，预期→expect vt.预料；期待；认为，料想→expected adj.预料的；预期的→expectant adj.期望的；期待的→unexpected adj.出乎意料的 (1)beyond (sb's) expectations 出乎(某人的)意料 live up to/meet one's expectations 达到某人的期望，如某人所愿 (2)expect (sb) to do sth 期待(某人)做某事 be expected to do sth 预计做某事；被期待做某事　　 [练会]　单句语法填空 ① (北师大版必修一U3)Children were covering their ears but with an expectant (expect) look on their faces. ② Don't expect happiness to come (come) to you—go out and create it.[应用文写作之建议信] ③ (2025·浙江1月卷)The menu is known in advance, and the meal is expected (expect) to be no surprise. [写美]　微写作·背诵 ④ (外研版选修一U3)他凭借精准的投篮和不断的努力，表现超出了所有人的预期。[应用文写作之人物介绍] He performed beyond everyone's expectations with his accurate shooting and continuous efforts. ⑤ 小女孩咬了一口巧克力蛋糕，眼睛瞪得溜圆；它的味道完全达到了她的期望。[读后续写之表情描写] The little girl's eyes surprisingly widened as she bit into the chocolate cake; its taste completely lived up to/met her expectations． abandon vt.中止，放弃，不再有；抛弃 n．放任；放纵→abandoned adj.被遗弃的；放纵的 (1)abandon doing sth 放弃做某事 abandon oneself to ... 沉湎于……，纵情于……(to为介词) with abandon 放纵地，放任地 (2)be abandoned to (doing) sth 沉湎于(做)……　　 [练会]　单句语法填空 ① There was an abandoned (abandon) house in the woods, tall grass growing all around it and the windows broken.[读后续写之景色描写] ② I sincerely suggest that you abandon staying (stay) up late every night, as it is extremely harmful to your health.[应用文写作之建议信] [写美]　微写作·背诵 ③ 孩子们尽情地在草地上奔跑，互相追逐，大声笑着。[读后续写之动作描写] The kids ran through the meadow with abandon, chasing each other and laughing loudly. ④ 她沉湎于悲伤之中，泪水顺着通红的脸颊流下。[读后续写之表情描写] →She abandoned herself to grief, tears streaming down her red cheeks.(abandon) →She was abandoned to grief, tears streaming down her red cheeks.(abandoned) 句式：形容词(短语)作状语 [教材]　Angry and sad, Liang falls sick and dies.梁山伯悲愤交加，染病而亡。 (1)形容词(短语)作状语可以表示方式、原因或伴随等，可位于句首、句末或句中，常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。 (2)形容词(短语)作状语常用来说明句子主语的状态，即和主语可构成系表关系。如果用来修饰句子的谓语动词或整个句子，则应用副词作状语。　　 [练会]　单句语法填空 ① Extremely delighted (delight) to know that you've intended to join the Go Club in our school, I am writing to inform you of the related information.[应用文写作之告知信] [写美]　微写作·背诵 ② 失望又沮丧，我冲进卧室，把自己锁起来，哭了很久。[读后续写之动作描写] Disappointed and frustrated, I rushed to my bedroom and locked myself, sobbing for a long time. ③ 害怕又焦虑，她躲在树后，紧紧抱住她的泰迪熊。[读后续写之心理描写] Frightened and anxious, she hid behind the tree, clutching her teddy bear tightly. ④ I am desperate for the chance to be a volunteer.I do hope you can offer me the precious opportunity. →Desperate for the chance to be a volunteer, I do hope you can offer me the precious opportunity.(形容词短语作状语)[应用文写作之申请信] 关键能力·破解构词 前缀over­，意为“在……之上，过度，超过；优越” [本单元] overcome vt.克服；战胜 [相关词] ① oversleep vi.睡过头 ② overreact vi.反应过激 ③ overflow vi.& vt.& n．溢出；泛滥 ④ overeat vi.& vt.吃得过多 ⑤ overjoyed adj.欣喜若狂的 ⑥ overconfident adj.过于自信的；自负的 ⑦ overweight adj.超重的 前缀trans­，意为“穿过，越过；转移，变换” [本单元] transform vi.& vt.(使)变形，(使)改观 [相关词] ① translate vi.& vt.翻译 ② transport vt.运输；运送 ③ transmit vt.传播；传送，输送 ④ transact vi.& vt.办理；交易 ⑤ transparent adj.透明的 通过构词法猜测黑体词在语境中的含义 1．We should not overestimate the difficulty of this task; with teamwork, we can finish it on time.高估 2．Be careful not to let the taxi driver overcharge you during the rush hour.多收费 3．She tends to overload herself with responsibilities, forgetting to take time for rest.使负担过重 4．From the airplane window, we could overlook the snow­covered mountains.俯瞰 5．A red car overtook us on the highway when we were driving slowly.追上，超过 6．Doctors successfully transplanted a kidney from the donor to the patient.移植 7．Great art has the power to transcend cultural barriers and touch people's hearts.超越 8．It took about 30 minutes to transcode this movie from MP4 to AVI without losing quality.转码 9．The farm has been experimenting with transgenic crops that are resistant to pests and diseases.转基因的 10．The student was tasked with transcribing the professor's lecture to share with classmates who were absent.抄录 关键能力·词义活用 Ⅰ.一词多义 1．folk A．adj.民间的　B．n.民间音乐　C．n.各位，大伙儿 “Hey, ① folks! Let's gather here tonight.We'll enjoy some nice ② folk songs, in which ③ folk wisdom has been passed down for years.They're simple but full of heart, just like the stories our grandparents told.Sing together if you know them.” ① C 　② B 　③ A 2．breeze A．n.微风，和风　B．n.轻而易举的事　C．vi.轻盈而自信地走 The exam was a ① breeze for Lisa.After finishing early, she ② breezed out of the classroom with a smile.Outside, a gentle ③ breeze blew through her hair as she walked to the park, feeling light and happy. ① B 　② C 　③ A 3．distant A．adj.遥远的，远处的　B．adj.冷淡的，不友好的　C．adj.心不在焉的，恍惚的　 D．adj.远房的，远亲的 At the family reunion, my ① distant cousin sat quietly in the corner, watching the ② distant hills.Her cold and ③ distant attitude was completely different from the lively atmosphere.When I tried to ask her some questions, she gave ④ distant answers, as if her mind was elsewhere. ① D 　② A 　③ B ④ C Ⅱ.熟词生义 4．(原创：高考高频之科技进步话题)The field of robotics has made impressive progress in the past year, as researchers have applied advances in artificial intelligence (AI) to machines, giving robots of all kinds a dramatic brain upgrade.The latest advances in robotics will bring real and substantial benefits. ◎The underlined word “dramatic”in the text most probably means “ C ”． A．gradual B．slight C．remarkable D．ordinary 5．(原创：高考高频之社会现象话题)The spread of fake news online has become a grave problem in modern society.False information can mislead people, cause panic, and even harm social stability.Governments and tech companies must work together to fight this issue. ◎The underlined word “grave”in the text most probably means “ B ”． A．minor B．serious C．funny D．simple 6．(原创：高考高频之个人生活话题)After losing his job, Tom was filled with the blues．He spent days alone, listening to sad songs and avoiding friends.Slowly, he realized he needed to face his feelings and seek help to feel better. ◎The underlined word “blues”in the text most probably means “ D ”． A．happiness B．excitement C．energy D．sadness 7．(原创：高考高频之艺术表演话题)Before the concert, the player took a moment to tune his guitar carefully.He wanted to make sure every note sounded perfect during the performance.The audience waited quietly, excited to hear the beautiful music. ◎The underlined word “tune”in the text most probably means “ A ”． A．adjust B．clean C．paint D．repair 8．(原创：高考高频之学校生活话题)When the school bell rang, students streamed out of the classrooms in an orderly line.They streamed down the hallway toward the cafeteria, chatting and laughing. ◎The underlined word “stream”in the text most probably means “ B ”． A．ran quickly B．walked slowly in a line C．moved in different directions D．stood still 学科素养·主题阅读 (说明：文中加黑词汇为本单元主题词汇) (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Human speech contains more than 2，000 different sounds, from the common “m” and “a” to the rare clicks of some southern African languages.But why are certain sounds more common than others? A ground­breaking, five­year study shows that diet­related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world's languages. More than 30 years ago, the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals, such as “f” and “v”， were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods.Now a team of researchers led by Damián Blasi at the University of Zurich, Switzerland, has found how and why this trend arose. They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned (对齐), making it hard to produce labiodentals, which are formed by touching the lower lip (嘴唇) to the upper teeth.Later, our jaws changed to an overbite structure, making it easier to produce such sounds. The team showed that this change in bite was connected with the development of agriculture in the Neolithic period.Food became easier to chew at this point.The jawbone didn't have to do as much work and so didn't grow to be so large. Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the Neolithic age, with the use of “f” and “v” increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years.These sounds are still not found in the languages of many hunter­gatherer people today. This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved (进化) around 300，000 years ago.“The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution，” said Steven Moran, a member of the research team. 1．Which aspect of the human speech sound does Damián Blasi's research focus on? A．Its variety. B．Its distribution. C．Its quantity. D．Its development. 2．Why was it difficult for ancient human adults to produce labiodentals? A．They had fewer upper teeth than lower teeth. B．They could not open and close their lips easily. C．Their jaws were not conveniently structured. D．Their lower front teeth were not large enough. 3．What is Paragraph 5 mainly about? A．Supporting evidence for the research results. B．Potential application of the research findings. C.A further explanation of the research methods. D.A reasonable doubt about the research process. 4．What does Steven Moran say about the set of human speech sounds? A．It is key to effective communication. B．It contributes much to cultural diversity. C．It is a complex and dynamic system. D．It drives the evolution of human beings. 命题角度——直接信息题： 信息筛选与组合(对接T1) 【设题特点】 ① 题干不指向单一原文语句，而是需要从段落内2～3处分散的直接信息中筛选关键内容，再进行组合归纳。 ② 正确选项需全面涵盖筛选出的关键信息，无遗漏或偏差；错误选项常“信息残缺”(只包含部分细节)“冗余无关”(添加原文未提及的内容)“信息杂糅”(混入其他主题的细节)。 【破题思路】 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍人类语音的演变与人类的饮食变化之间的关联研究。 1．D　 2．C　细节理解题。根据题干可将解题信息定位到文章的第三段。根据第三段的内容可知，他们发现古代成人的上下门牙是对齐的，很难产生唇齿音，而唇齿音由下唇接触上牙产生。之后，我们下巴的结构变成了覆咬合结构，这让我们更容易产生这样的声音。由此可推知，他们的下巴构造使他们很难发出唇齿音。故选C项。 3．A　段落大意题。题干问的是“第五段主要讲述了什么？”，根据题干可将解题信息定位到文章的第五段。由第五段内容可知，对语言数据库的分析也证实，新石器时代之后，国际语言的发音发生了全球性的变化。第五段主要列出一些可以使研究结果更令人信服的证据。故选A项。 4．C　观点态度题。题干问的是“Steven Moran对人类语音有什么看法？”，根据题干可将解题信息定位到文章的最后一段。Steven Moran认为：自从人类出现以来，我们使用的语音不一定保持稳定，今天我们发现的各种语音都是生物变化和文化进化等事物相互作用的产物。由此可推知，它是一个复杂的动态系统。故选C项。 1．语境辨义(写出下列黑体词在文中的词性及含义) ① (合成词)A ground­breaking, five­year study shows that diet­related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world's languages.adj.开创性的，创新的　adj.与饮食相关的 ② (一词多义)More than 30 years ago, the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals, such as “f” and “v”， were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods.vt.指出，谈到 ③ (合成词)Later, our jaws changed to an overbite structure, making it easier to produce such sounds.n.覆咬合，上包齿 ④ (一词多义)This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300，000 years ago.adj.存在的 2．词块积累(写出下列词块在文中的汉语意思) ① overturn the popular view 推翻了普遍的观点 ② not necessarily 不一定，未必 ③ but rather 而是，相反地 1．A ground­breaking, five­year study shows that diet­related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world's languages. 抓标志：从属连词 that(第一个)，关系代词 that(第二个) 判类型：主句＋第一个that引导的宾语从句＋第二个that 引导的定语从句 试翻译：一项为期五年的突破性研究表明，与饮食相关的人类咬合变化催生了一些新的语音，这些语音如今出现在世界上一半的语言中。 2．More than 30 years ago, the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals, such as “f” and “v”， were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods. 抓标志：从属连词that(第一个)，关系代词that(第二个) 判类型：主句＋第一个that引导的宾语从句＋第二个that 引导的定语从句 试翻译：三十多年前，学者查尔斯·霍基特指出，被称为唇齿音的语音，如“f”和“v”，在以较软食物为主的社会所使用的语言中更为常见。 3．They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned (对齐), making it hard to produce labiodentals, which are formed by touching the lower lip (嘴唇) to the upper teeth. 抓标志：从属连词 that，现在分词 making，关系代词 which 判类型：主句＋that引导的宾语从句＋现在分词短语making ... 作结果状语＋which引导的非限制性定语从句 试翻译：他们发现，古代成年人的上下门牙是对齐的，使得发出唇齿音变得困难，而唇齿音是通过下唇接触上门齿形成的。 4．This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved (进化) around 300，000 years ago. 抓标志：从属连词 that、when 判类型：主句＋that引导的同位语从句(含有when引导的时间状语从句) 试翻译：这项研究推翻了一个普遍观点，即所有的人类语音在大约30万年前人类进化时就已存在。 5．“The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution，” said Steven Moran, a member of the research team. 抓标志：直接引语(引号)，并列连词 but rather，关系代词 that 判类型：直接引语作宾语(含有省略了that的定语从句＋that 引导的定语从句)＋主句(主谓倒装)＋同位语 试翻译：“我们使用的这组语音并非自人类出现以来就一定保持稳定，相反，我们今天发现的种类繁多的语音，是诸如生物变化和文化进化等因素复杂相互作用的产物，”研究团队成员史蒂文·莫兰说道。 学科素养·主题写作 (一)应用文写作[音乐改变生活＋投稿] (陕西省咸阳市礼泉县高三模拟)假定你是李华，你校英语报最近正举办How Music Has Changed My Life为题的征文活动，请你用英语写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：1.如何喜欢上音乐的；2.音乐对你的影响。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 应用单元知识完成写作(黑体词为单元词汇) [写作构思链]　回忆初遇音乐→介绍音乐对自己的影响→升华音乐的情感意义→展望音乐的未来陪伴 How Music Has Changed My Life I first encounter music when ① a gentle breeze carried a distant folk tune (一阵轻柔的微风捎来一段远方的民谣曲调) from my grandfather's old radio.The simple melody and heartfelt lyrics instantly ② grabbed my attention (吸引了我的注意力). Since then, music ③ has transformed my life in remarkable ways (以非凡的方式改变了我的生活).Whenever I feel upset, I ④ rely on music to ease my depression (依赖音乐来缓解我的抑郁).The blues can express my sorrow, while uplifting jazz rhythms can ⑤ guarantee to cheer me up (保证让我振作起来).When I try to get down to doing something important, ⑥ a soft tune often helps me focus (一段轻柔的旋律往往能帮我集中注意力) just like a quiet companion whispering comfort. I believe ⑦ music will accompany me forever (音乐会永远陪伴我), making my life's journey more pleasant and meaningful. (二)读后续写[第一次舞台演奏钢琴＋手部动作描写] Ⅰ.语料积累(手部动作描写) 词汇 ① delicate adj.灵巧的 ② steady adj.稳定的 ③ hover vi.悬停 ④ drum vi.& vt.连续轻敲 ⑤ stroke vt.轻抚 ⑥ give sb a thumbs­up 向某人竖起大拇指 ⑦ tap/drum one's fingers on ... 用手指轻敲…… ⑧ stretch one's fingers apart 把手指伸开 ⑨ trail one's fingers along 用手指轻抚 句式 1.leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语 He left his fingers hovering over the keyboard, not sure which key to press next.他把手指悬在键盘上方，不确定接下来该按哪个键。 2．as if引导状语从句或表语从句 His fingers clenched tightly as if he were holding a priceless diamond.他的手指紧紧攥着，仿佛握着一颗无价的宝石。 3．too ... to ... 太……而不能…… His fingers were too stiff from the cold to hold the cup properly.他的手指冻得太僵硬，没法好好握住杯子。 Ⅱ.语料运用(第一次舞台演奏钢琴) [前情提示]　轮到汤姆上台了，这是他第一次在全校师生面前演奏钢琴。他深吸一口气，走向舞台中央那架黑色的三角钢琴…… [情节构思链]　起身上台，心跳加速→坐到琴凳，手指悬停→深呼吸，开始弹奏→曲终，掌声雷动→老师竖起大拇指鼓励 The spotlight was blindingly bright, ① leaving Tom's heart racing (leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语).He sat on the polished wooden bench, ② his fingers hovering over the black and white keys．However, he was ③ too nervous to stop his hands from shaking (too ... to ... ).A deep breath left his mind slightly calmer.As the first note sounded, it felt ④ as if the entire hall held its breath (as if引导表语从句) with him.Soon, he was ⑤ too absorbed in the music to remember his fear (too ... to ... ).As he played the climax, ⑥ his steady fingers drummed on the keys rapidly, as if they were dancing to the rhythm.As the final note faded into thunderous applause, he stood up, a bright smile blooming on his face.His teacher stood up, ⑦ giving him a thumbs­up, which left Tom with tears of joy in his eyes. 聚光灯亮得刺眼，让汤姆心跳加速。他坐在抛光的木制琴凳上，手指悬停在黑白琴键上方。然而，他太紧张了以至于双手止不住地发抖。深呼吸让他的思绪稍微更冷静一些。当第一个音符响起时，感觉好像整个大厅都与他一同屏住了呼吸。很快，他太沉浸于音乐中以至于忘记了自己的恐惧了。当他演奏到高潮时，他稳健的手指快速地敲击琴键，仿佛在随着节奏跳舞。当最后一个音符消散在雷鸣般的掌声中时，他站起身，脸上绽放出灿烂的笑容。他的老师站了起来，向他竖起了大拇指，这让汤姆眼中充满了喜悦的泪水。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $