必修3 Unit 2 Natural disasters （Word教师用书）-【金版新学案】2027年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（译林版）

该高中英语高考复习讲义围绕自然灾难主题，整合阅读词汇、核心短语、变形单词及经典句式等高考核心考点，按“自检自测-重难突破-关键能力-学科素养”递进架构组织知识点，通过默写检测、词汇用法讲练、构词分析、真题阅读与写作训练等环节，帮助学生系统梳理考点，突破词汇活用与语境运用难点，体现复习的系统性和针对性。 资料采用分层靶向训练策略，如“reaction”等重点词汇通过“单句语法填空+微写作背诵”提升语言能力，主题阅读结合新闻报道命题角度培养思维品质，限时自检与真题演练确保复习效率。其主题融合与分层突破设计，能有效提升学生应考能力，为教师把控复习节奏提供清晰路径。

梯级一　自检自测·语境运用 说明：背诵完课本单词后，完成默写检测(限时：25分钟，满分：100分) Ⅰ.阅读单词英译汉(每空1分，共15分) 1．crash n.　　　 　　 碰撞声，破裂声；碰撞；崩溃 vi.& vt. 碰撞，撞击；崩溃 2．procedure n. 程序，步骤，手续 3．odd adj. 奇怪的，怪异的；偶尔的；不成对的 4．document n. 文件，公文；(计算机中的)文档 5．unearth vt. 使出土，挖掘，发掘；发现，找到 6．bar n. 酒吧；小馆子；吧台；条，块；栏杆；障碍 vt. 封；阻挡；阻止 7．cloud­capped adj. 高耸入云的，耸入云霄的 8．ashy adj. 覆盖着灰的；灰色的 9．pattern n. 图案，花样；模式；范例；模型 10．charity n. 慈善机构(或组织)；慈善，施舍；仁爱，宽容 11．county n. 郡，县 12．bubble n. 泡沫，泡，气泡 13．tsunami n. 海啸 Ⅱ.核心单词默写(每空1分，共20分) 1．natural disaster 　　　　　　 自然灾害 2．the emergency exit 紧急出口 3．signal us to stop 示意我们停下来 4．take the stairs 走楼梯 5．roll call 点名 6．hug each other 相互拥抱 7．a sudden wave of homesickness occurred 一股突如其来的思乡之情涌上心头 8．take shelter from the upcoming destructive typhoon or hurricane 躲避即将到来的极具破坏性的台风或飓风 9．a yoghurt with honey 酸奶配蜂蜜 10．power supply 电力供应 11．raise funds 筹集资金 12．go downstairs to get water 下楼去拿水 13．an international tourist destination 一处国际旅游胜地 14．with a fishing pole in his hand 手里拿着一根鱼竿 15．at dawn 黎明时分 16．flood into the area 涌入这个地区 17．go beyond all our expectations 大大超过我们的预期 18．eventually rescued by helicopter 最后被直升机救走了 19．adding a new column to our English newspaper 为我们的英文报纸新增一个专栏 20．attend an important conference 参加一场重要的会议 Ⅲ.变形单词默写(每空1分，共40分) (依据语境提示写出单词的正确形式) 1．① injure his back in the accident 在事故中伤了他的后背 ② walk with an injured leg 拖着一条受伤的腿走着 ③ suffer from a serious injury 遭受了一次严重损伤 2．① his reaction to the news 他对这个消息的反应 ② iron reacts with water and air铁和水及空气发生反应 3．① in an orderly line排着整齐的队伍 ② arrange in order of size 按大小排列 4．① confirm my suspicions 证实我的怀疑 ② wait for confirmation of the test results 等待考试结果的确认 5．① to her great relief 使她大为宽慰的是 ② relieve her pain 缓解她的疼痛 ③ let out a long and relieved sigh如释重负地长舒了一口气 6．① inform me of the date of the meeting 告知我会议日期 ② a lot of useful information许多有用信息 7．① scare the bears away 把熊吓跑 ② be scared of going out alone害怕一个人出去 ③ kind of scary 有点吓人 8．① donate large sums to charity 向慈善机构捐赠大笔钱款 ② receive a donation from the community 收到来自社区的捐赠 9．① a volcano ready to erupt 即将爆发的火山 ② the eruption of volcano 火山的爆发 10．① export sugar and fruit 出口糖和水果 ② import agricultural products 进口农产品 11．① unbearable pain难以忍受的痛苦 ② couldn't bear being laughed at无法忍受被嘲笑 ③ make hot weather bearable让炎热的天气变得可以忍受 12．① a long distance 长距离 ② keep a distant attitude 保持疏远的态度 13．① a sharp increase in unemployment 失业人数的剧增 ② sharpen the pencil 削尖铅笔 ③ his voice dropped sharply他的声音陡然低沉下来 14．① locate survivors of the earthquake 找到地震中的幸存者 ② be located in the east of the city 位于城市的东方 ③ share your location 共享你的位置 15．① retire as editor of the magazine 从杂志编辑的位置上退休 ② after his retirement 在他退休后 ③ some retired people 一些退休人士 16．① too shocked to speak 震惊得说不出话来。 ② be frozen at the shocking news of the natural disaster 被这场自然灾害的惊人消息惊呆了 17．full of curiosity and desire 充满了好奇和渴望 Ⅳ.重点短语默写(每空1分，共15分) 1．at large　　　　 整个，全部 2．safe and sound 安然无恙的 3．occur to 被想到，浮现在脑中 4．keep one's head (在困境中)保持冷静 5．run out of 用完，耗尽 6．take the form of 呈现……的形状；采取……的形式 7．break out 突然开始，爆发 8．far and wide 到处，各处 9．in all directions 朝着四面八方 10．above all 最重要的是 11．in the distance 在远处 12．in detail 详细地 13．to one's relief 让某人宽慰的是 14．hold on to 抓紧，不放开；坚持，保持(信念、希望等)；保存某物 15．flood in 涌入 Ⅴ.经典句式默写(每题2分，共10分) 1．弗尔蒙特小学校长艾丽斯·布朗当时正在授课，这时突然地面开始晃动。( be doing ... when ... ) Alice Brown, head teacher at Falmont Primary School, was teaching when the floor began to shake． 2．同时，布朗小姐迅速打开了教室的门，以防门在摇晃中损坏而无法打开。 (in case) At the same time, Miss Brown quickly opened the classroom door, in case it became damaged during the shaking and could not open. 3．地震停止的瞬间，布朗小姐意识到这是全班同学逃出教室的最好时机。(the moment作连词) The moment the shaking stopped, Miss Brown sensed it was the best time for the class to make their escape. 4．火山岩忽明忽暗，讲述着过往的每一次喷发， 这些喷发本足以警告这座城市里的人们：灾难即将来临！ (“情态动词＋have done”结构) Its ashy rocks, now dark, now light, told a story of past eruptions that might have warned the city what was to come! 5．它的墙壁依然新得像昨天刚刚刷完；地板上丰富的图案一点都没有褪色。(状语从句的省略) Its walls were fresh as if painted yesterday; not a single colour changed on the rich pattern of its floors. 梯级二　重难突破·靶向训练 reaction n．反应，回应；抗拒；化学反应→react vi.起化学反应；作出反应；回应→reactive adj.反应的；活性的；电抗的 (1)reaction to ... 对……的反应 (2)react to 对……作出反应 react with 与……起(化学)反应　　 [练会]　单句语法填空 ① (北师选必三U7)To lead a happy and successful life requires being able to understand and react to situations in the best way possible. ② (外研选必四U5)These reactions (react) help humankind delve into the unknown and advance towards a more progressive and civilized society. [写美]　微写作·背诵 ③ 铁与空气中的氧气和水发生反应时，会形成铁锈。 When iron reacts with oxygen and water in the air, it forms rust. confirm vt.证实，确认；使确信；批准→confirmation n．证实，确认 confirm sth/that ... 证实/确定…… confirm sb in the belief that ... 使某人坚信…… It has been confirmed that ... 已经确定/证实……　　 [练会]　单句语法填空 ① The positive feedback from her students confirmed the teacher in the belief that her creative teaching methods were helping them learn more effectively. ② (人教选必二)The bushes and maple trees outside their windows were red, gold, and orange, and there was frost on the ground, confirming (confirm) that autumn had arrived in Canada. ③ (人教必修三U3) It was confirmed (confirm) that a mild earthquake occurred at 6：37 p．m.on Saturday evening in Hebei Province, causing no damage. [写美]　微写作·背诵 ④ 点名确认所有人都安然无恙后，他们才放松下来，笑着，哭着，并互相拥抱着。(confirm that) After a roll call confirmed that all were safe and sound, they relaxed, laughing, crying and hugging each other. occur vi.发生，出现；存在于→occurrence n．[U]发生；存在；[C]事件；发生的事情 occur to sb 某人想到；发生在某人身上 sth occurs to sb 某人突然想起某事 It occurs to/strikes/hits sb that ... 某人突然想起…… It occurs to sb to do sth 某人突然想起做某事　　 [练会]　单句语法填空 ① It occurred to me to ask (ask) for help. ② (外研选必二)I was watching a superhero film the other day and a thought occurred to me: where does Superman get changed these days? ③ It was a strange occurrence (occur) that nobody could explain at that time. [写美]　微写作·背诵 ④ (2025·全国一卷)然后我想到了一个主意，在这两个选项中，我强烈推荐 《小王子》。 Then an idea occurred to me, and of the two options, I strongly recommend The Little Prince. relief n．宽慰，轻松；减轻，消除；救济→relieve vt.解除；减轻；使放心→relieved adj.放心的 (1)to one's relief 令某人感到欣慰的是 in relief如释重负 What a relief！可轻松了！ It is a relief to do sth 做某人令人欣慰 breathe a sigh of relief 松了口气 (2)relieve sb of ... 解除某人的(负担)　　 [练会]　单句语法填空 ① I finished my last test today; what a relief! ② (译林必修三U2)To her great relief，the officer immediately realized the coming danger. ③ Having finished all the housework, Mary dropped herself into the sofa, sighing in relief. ④ Take the medicine as instructed, and you will be relieved of your pain. ⑤ In a way, it was a relief to know (know) exactly what we were up against. [写美]　微写作·背诵 ⑥ (牛津高阶词典)他走了以后，我们大家都松了口气。 We all breathed a sigh of relief when he left. shock n．震惊，惊愕；剧烈震动vt.使震惊→shocked adj.震惊的；震撼的→shocking adj.令人震惊的；可怕的 (1)in/with shock震惊地 (2)It shocks sb to see/hear ... 看到/听到……使某人震惊。 (3)be shocked at/by sth 对某事感到震惊 be shocked to do sth 对做某事感到震惊　　 [练会]　单句语法填空 ① (人教必修一U4)People were in shock—and then，later that afternoon，another big quake shook Tangshan again. ② It shocked her to hear that her former classmate, who always seemed cheerful and healthy, had been diagnosed with a serious illness. ③ (外研必修二U1)He was even shocked (shock) at their wedding when he saw how the Chinese ate almost every part of an animal. [写美]　微写作·背诵 ④ 我震惊得僵住了，感觉自己好像被扔进了一个黑暗的世界。[读后续写之心理描写] I froze with shock, feeling as if I had been thrown into a dark world. supply n．补给，补给品；供应；供应量，储备vt.供应，供给，提供 (1)supply sth to sb＝supply sb with sth 向某人提供某物 (2)be in short supply 短缺 a large supply of/large supplies of 大量……的供应 联想： 表示“为某人提供某物”的短语还有：(1)provide sb with sth＝provide sth for sb (2)offer sb sth＝offer sth to sb 　　 [练会]　单句语法填空 ① (2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable weekly supply of fresh greens. ② The natural resources, such as coal and oil, are in short supply in this country. ③ (北师必修一U1)The power and water supplies (supply) were unstable, so he could only shower every three or four days, and he had to learn how to cook. ④ (牛津高阶词典)The local bakery supplies fresh bread to nearby residents every morning. [写美]　微写作·背诵 ⑤ 有线人向警方提供了涉案者的名字。 An informer supplied the police with the names of those involved in the crime. curious adj.好奇的；奇特的→curiously adv.好奇地→curiosity n．好奇，好奇心 (1)be curious about 对……感到好奇 be curious to do sth 渴望做某事 (2)with curiosity好奇地 out of curiosity 出于好奇　　 [练会]　单句语法填空 ① (人教必修一)I'm curious about everything.I often ask questions, but I learn best by doing. ② Poppy jumped with joy at the sight of the little dog.She lowered her head to watch it with curiosity (curious). ③ (外研选必三U6)There was indeed something curiously (curious) disturbing about the whole prospect. [写美]　微写作·背诵 ④ 好奇发生了什么事情，他小心翼翼地走进了房间。[读后续写之动作描写] Curious to know what happened, he tiptoed into the room. run out of 用完，耗尽 run out用完，耗尽(表示被动意义，主语通常是物) use up用完；用光(主语通常是人)　　 [练会]　单句语法填空 ① We'd better buy some salt before we use it up． ② We should find a different way to make sure that we don't run out of the office necessities. ③ If we keep using the water like this, it will soon run out． [写美]　微写作·背诵 ④ 我的汽油快用完了。我得趁还没用完找到一个加油站。[读后续写之情节描写] I am running out of petrol.I must find a gas station before it runs out . 句式：as if从句中的虚拟语气 [教材]　Its walls were fresh as if painted yesterday ... 它的墙壁依然新得像昨天刚刚刷完…… as if引导的从句的语气和时态如下： as if　　 [练会]　完成句子 ① (北师选必四U10)“你什么都没吃，” 玛丽拉严厉地说，眼睛盯着她，好像这是个严重的问题。 “You're not eating anything，”said Marilla sharply，eying her as if it were a serious problem． ② (北师选必四U11)我们本来高兴地坐在那里看报纸，突然间很多水从天而降，把我们都给浇湿了，就像穿着衣服洗了个澡一样！ We'd be sitting there happily reading our newspapers，when suddenly so much water would come from above that we'd be as wet as if we had showered with our clothes on! [写美]　微写作·背诵 ③ (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)我只是呆呆地站在那里，惊愕不已，我的双脚仿佛在地上生了根似的，一动也不能动。 I simply stood there dumbfounded, and my feet, as if rooted to the ground, couldn't move a bit. ④ (译林选必一U2)当两个相爱的人，梁山伯与祝英台初次相见时，音乐轻柔愉悦，像是在和观众低声耳语。 When the two lovers, Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai, first meet, the music is light and pleasant, as if whispering to the audience． 关键能力·破解构词 后缀­ity，­ty多为形容词(或少数名词)转换为名词的后缀，表示“……的性质；……的状态” [本单元] charity n．慈善机构(或组织)；慈善，施舍；仁爱，宽容 [相关词] ① abnormality n．异常；畸形 ② absurdity n．荒谬；荒唐 ③ availability n．可获得性；可用性 ④ complexity n．复杂性 ⑤ fragility n．脆弱(性)；易碎性 ⑥ instability n．不稳定；动荡 ⑦ legality n．合法性；法律性 ⑧ originality n．独创性；新颖 ⑨ sensitivity n．敏感性；灵敏度 ⑩ visibility n．可见性；能见度 通过构词法猜测黑体词在语境中的含义 1．(2025·全国一卷)Although these campaigns were widespread, the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car.大多数 2．(2024·北京卷)With life in the unforgiving Northern Canada being so demanding, the Inuit's practical approach to morality made good sense.道德，品行 3．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populations and homes of giant pandas，and eventually achieve a desired level of population in the wild.连接(性) 4．(2022·浙江6月卷) Also, there is a lot of research showing that a positive mood leads to higher levels of productivity and creativity.生产力　 创造力 5．(2022·全国甲卷)Shirley Fitzgerald, the city's official historian, told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s，Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings.现代性 关键能力·词义活用 Ⅰ.一词多义 1．flood A．vt.(被)淹没　B．vi.大量涌入　C．vt.充满 D．n.洪水，水灾　E．n.大量 After the continuous heavy rain, the entire village was ① flooded by a big ② flood.As soon as the news spread，a ③ flood of aid supplies quickly arrived.These supplies ④ flooded into the flood­stricken area like a tidal wave，bringing hope to the local residents.At the same time，feelings of gratitude ⑤ flooded the villagers' hearts. ① A 　② D 　③ E ④ B 　⑤ C 2．bar A．n.块　B．n.酒吧 Mary met her friends at the cozy ① bar downtown，enjoying a cool drink and chatting over a delicious ② bar of chocolate. ① B 　② A 3．slide A．n.幻灯片　B．vi.滑行 The teacher presented us with a ① slide，in which a thief ② slid on a banana skin and fell down, which made all students burst into laughter. ① A 　② B 4．odd A．adj.奇怪的　B．adj.偶尔的　C．adj.不成对的 To her surprise, she gradually found that the ① odd man wearing his ② odd shoes earned his living by doing some ③ odd jobs on weekends. ① A 　② C 　③ B Ⅱ.熟词生义 5．(原创：高考高频之动物习性话题)With his sharp sense of smell, the search dog quickly located the missing person in the dense forest. ◎The underlined word “sharp” in the text most probably means “ C ”． A．clearly visible B．severe and intense C．quick and sensitive D．clearly defined 6．(原创：高考高频之自然现象话题)There's a curious rock formation in the desert that looks exactly like a sleeping camel, attracting many tourists. ◎The underlined word “curious” in the text most probably means “ D ”． A．eager B．questioning C．inquisitive D．strange and unusual 7．(原创：高考高频之科技时代话题)As the digital age dawned, traditional industries faced the challenge of adapting to new technologies. ◎The underlined word “dawned” in the text most probably means “ A ”． A．began B．became morning C．appeared D．lighted up 8．(原创：高考高频之人道主义话题)The international organization delivered urgent relief to the earthquake survivors; this vital relief included food, medicine, and temporary shelters. ◎The underlined word “relief” in the text most probably means “ A ”． A．aid supplies B．feeling of reassurance C．removal of anxiety D．assistance for the needy 学科素养·主题阅读 (说明：文中加黑词汇为本单元主题词汇) (2025·河北省张家口市高三三模)The National Weather Service in Des Moines, Iowa, posted early Saturday morning that initial reports indicate at least 10 tornadoes (龙卷风) struck central Iowa in Friday's storms, based on initial damage information. For Austin Ehlers, a firefighter in Persia, a city about 15 minutes from Minden, the tornado destroyed his grandfather's home.“He lives just outside of Minden, right in the path the tornado took，” Ehlers said.“After we cleared everything in Persia, we jumped in the trucks and went to Minden and helped.I found out my grandpa's house was completely gone, and he's basically lost everything.” Despite Ehlers' grandfather's house being destroyed, his grandfather was uninjured in the tornado.He said, “He told me he just got into the basement and was getting ready to shut the door when all his windows shattered and glass almost hit him in the back.It was close.Real close.” A tornado touched down just west of Pleasant Hill, just east of Des Moines, sweeping across town, injuring one person and damaging homes.Pleasant Hill Fire Department Chief Jamie Xayavong told reporters at a news conference Saturday that the person's injury was not life­threatening.However，18 damaged homes in the town were no longer inhabitable.The fire chief did not know how strong the tornado was, though it left several other homes with moderate (中等的) or minor damage.She indicated that more damage reports could come in as recovery continues. Those in the area were in “a life­threatening situation，” the fire chief said.“Flying debris (碎片) may be deadly to those caught without shelter.Mobile homes will be destroyed.Considerable damage to homes, businesses, and vehicles is likely and complete destruction is possible.” Several of the city's cross­streets were completely blocked by emergency crews and tree debris.Traffic seemed to be trying to leave the surrounding neighborhoods, which were without power.At the height of the storm, more than 10，000 customers in downtown Des Moines were without power. 1．What does the underlined word “shattered” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Became very dirty. B．Broke into pieces. C．Were closed up. D．Were blown away. 2．What does Paragraph 4 mainly tell us? A．The path of the tornado. B．The damage to the town. C．The prediction of the chief. D．The luck of the injured person. 3．Why were many people leaving the neighborhoods? A．They lost their homes. B．The cross­streets were blocked. C．The tornadoes were coming back. D．They had no access to electricity. 4．What is this text? A．A news item. B．A rescue diary. C．A weather forecast. D．A disaster warning. 命题角度——文章类别题： 核心要素与标志词抓取(对接T4) 【设题特点】 ① 题干常以“What type of article is this？”“The passage is most likely a (n) ...”等形式提问，要求结合文本核心要素(如内容主题、表达方式)判断文章类别。 ② 不同类别文章的标志词差异显著，如科普文常含research shows、scientific study，评论文多有in my view、it's clear that等。 ③ 正确选项需与原文核心要素(如内容主题、作者角色)和标志词(如表述方式)高度契合。 【破题思路】 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了周五在艾奥瓦州中部发生龙卷风灾害的情况。 1．B　词义猜测题。由第三段可知，龙卷风来袭时，Ehlers 的祖父正准备躲进地下室关门，此时窗户shattered，玻璃险些击中他的背部。结合龙卷风的破坏力及玻璃飞溅的场景，可推测shattered意为 “破碎成碎片”，故选B。 2．B　段落大意题。第四段主要讲述龙卷风袭击 Pleasant Hill 后造成的破坏：导致 1 人受伤(无生命危险)、18 所房屋无法居住，另有多所房屋遭受轻微或中等损坏，且后续可能有更多破坏报告，核心是龙卷风对小镇造成的损害，故选B。 3．D　细节理解题。由最后一段 “Traffic seemed to be trying to leave the surrounding neighborhoods, which were without power” 可知，周边社区断电，这是人们试图离开的原因，故选D。 4．A 1．语境辨义(写出下列黑体词在文中的词性及含义) ① (一词多义)The National Weather Service in Des Moines, Iowa, posted early Saturday morning that initial reports indicate at least 10 tornadoes struck central Iowa in Friday's storms, based on initial damage information.vt.发布，公布　vi.& vt.袭击，侵袭 ② (熟词生义)“He lives just outside of Minden, right in the path the tornado took，” Ehlers said.adv.恰好 ③ (一词多义)After we cleared everything in Persia, we jumped in the trucks and went to Minden and helped.vt.清除，清理 ④ (派生词)However，18 damaged homes in the town were no longer inhabitable.adj.可居住的，适合居住的 ⑤ (熟词生义)Several of the city's cross­streets were completely blocked by emergency crews and tree debris.n.十字路口 2．词块积累(写出下列词块在文中的汉语意思) ① be gone 　　　　　　 　　 不见了，消失了 ② hit sb in the back 击中某人的背部 ③ a life­threatening situation 危及生命的情况 ④ emergency crew 应急救援人员 ⑤ at the height of the storm 在风暴最猛烈的时候 ⑥ without power 停电，没电 1．The National Weather Service in Des Moines, Iowa, posted early Saturday morning that initial reports indicate at least 10 tornadoes (龙卷风) struck central Iowa in Friday's storms, based on initial damage information. 抓标志：从属连词 that，过去分词 based on 判类型：主句＋that引导宾语从句＋过去分词based on ... 作状语 试翻译：艾奥瓦州得梅因市的国家气象局于周六清晨发布消息称，根据初步灾情信息，周五的暴风雨中至少有 10 场龙卷风袭击了艾奥瓦州中部。 2．He said, “He told me he just got into the basement and was getting ready to shut the door when all his windows shattered and glass almost hit him in the back ...” 抓标志：并列连词 and(两个)，从属连词 when 判类型：主句＋直接引语作宾语(内含省略了that的宾语从句作tell的宾语) 试翻译：他表示：“他告诉我，自己刚进地下室，正准备关门，这时所有窗户突然碎裂，玻璃险些砸中他的后背……” 3．A tornado touched down just west of Pleasant Hill, just east of Des Moines, sweeping across town, injuring one person and damaging homes. 抓标志：现在分词(sweeping、injuring、damaging) 判类型：主句＋三个现在分词短语作状语 试翻译：一场龙卷风在得梅因市东部、普莱森特希尔西部着陆，随后横扫整座城镇，造成一人受伤，并损毁了多栋房屋。 4．The fire chief did not know how strong the tornado was, though it left several other homes with moderate (中等的) or minor damage. 抓标志：从属连词 how、though 判类型：主句＋how引导的宾语从句作know的宾语＋though引导的让步状语从句 试翻译：消防局长不清楚这场龙卷风的强度具体有多大，尽管它给其他几户房屋造成了中度或轻度的损坏。 5．Traffic seemed to be trying to leave the surrounding neighborhoods, which were without power. 抓标志：关系代词 which 判类型：主句＋which引导的非限制性定语从句 试翻译：车辆似乎都在试图驶离周边社区，这些社区当时已经断电。 学科素养·主题写作 (一)应用文写作[地震防护措施＋演讲稿] (吉林省吉林市实验中学高三下学期模拟)假定你是李华，作为学校的宣传委员，你需要向全校师生介绍地震中的安全防护措施，以提高学生应对地震的能力。请写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：1.地震发生时的应对措施；2.地震后的注意事项。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 应用单元知识完成写作(黑体词为单元词汇) [写作构思链]　引入话题→强调地震特性与反应重要性→说明震时应对及撤离要点→告知震后注意事项与自救方法→呼吁重视防护步骤 Dear teachers and fellow students， Today, I want to talk about earthquake safety.An earthquake is ① a type of destructive natural disaster (一种具有破坏性的自然灾害) that can occur suddenly.② Your reaction matters (你的反应至关重要) in an earthquake.It's vital ③ to keep your head and act quickly (保持冷静并迅速行动).If you are indoor, stay away from windows or heavy furniture ④ to avoid being injured (以免被伤到).Remember to protect your head and neck.When the shaking stops, you must evacuate orderly.⑤ Use the nearest exit and take the stairs (使用最近的出口并走楼梯), not the elevator. After the earthquake, ⑥ first confirm everyone is safe and sound (首先要确认每个人都安然无恙).Do not re­enter buildings, as destructive aftershocks might occur.If trapped, ⑦ stay calm and tap pipes for rescue teams to locate you (保持冷静并敲击管道，以便救援队定位你的位置). Remember these steps—they could save lives in an emergency! Thank you for listening! (二)读后续写[家中突发火灾＋害怕和恐惧情感描写] Ⅰ.语料积累(害怕和恐惧情感描写) 词汇 ① frightened adj.受惊的 ② scream vt.& vi.尖叫 ③ panic­stricken adj.惊慌失措的 ④ be frozen with fear 吓呆了 ⑤ tremble with fear 因恐惧颤抖 ⑥ be seized with fear 被恐惧笼罩 ⑦ feel a wave of fear 感到一阵恐惧 ⑧ let out a scream of terror 发出惊恐的尖叫 句式 1.not only置于句首的部分倒装句 Not only did my hands shake uncontrollably, but my legs also refused to move as the monster approached.不仅我的手不受控制地颤抖，而且当怪物靠近时，我的腿也动弹不得。 2．“only＋状语”置于句首的部分倒装句 Only when I saw the smoke billowing out of the kitchen did I realize the severity of the situation.只有当我看到厨房冒出滚滚浓烟时，我才意识到情况的严重性。 3．one's heart raced with＋情感名词 某人因(某种情感)而心跳加速 My heart raced with fear as I watched the fire engulf our living room.当我看着火焰吞噬我们的客厅时，我的心因恐惧而狂跳。 Ⅱ.语料运用(家中突发火灾) [前情提示]　深夜，熟睡中的“我”被一股刺鼻的烟味惊醒。睁开眼时，发现家中已被浓烟笼罩，火苗正从客厅方向迅速蔓延…… [情节构思链]　被烟味惊醒发现火情→惊恐尖叫并叫醒家人→试图逃生却遇阻碍→被火势吓呆颤抖→最终成功逃出心有余悸 ① Not only did the thick smoke choke me (not only置于句首的部分倒装句), but it also blurred my vision as I struggled to get up.② My heart raced with terror as I saw orange flames dancing in the living room.Only when I heard my younger brother coughing ③ did I fully understand the urgency of the situation (部分倒装句).I ④ let out a scream of terror and rushed to wake my parents.⑤ Not only were we all panic­stricken (not only置于句首的部分倒装句), but we also ⑥ were frozen with fear for a moment, unable to move.Only by holding each other's hands ⑦ did we manage to walk toward the exit (部分倒装句).My heart raced with dread when the hallway ceiling began to crack and spark.I ⑧ trembled with fear, feeling seized with fear as the heat intensified.We finally made it outside, but ⑨ a wave of fear washed over me again as I looked back at our burning home. 我挣扎着起身时，浓烟不仅让我窒息，还模糊了我的视线。当我看到客厅里跳动的橙色火焰时，我的心因恐惧而狂跳。直到听到弟弟的咳嗽声，我才完全意识到情况的紧迫。我发出一声惊恐的尖叫，冲去叫醒父母。我们不仅都惊慌失措，还一度吓得呆住，无法动弹。只有互相牵着手，我们才设法走向出口。当走廊的天花板开始开裂并迸出火花时，我的心因恐惧而狂跳。我害怕得发抖，随着高温加剧，我被恐惧笼罩。我们最终逃到了外面，但当我回头望着燃烧的家时，一阵恐惧再次袭上心头。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $