小升初阅读选择：环境、颜色（专项训练）-2025-2026学年人教PEP版（2012）英语六年级下册

**基本信息** 聚焦环境、颜色等主题，通过多样化阅读材料训练细节查找与推理判断能力，强化语言理解与思维分析的结合。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |环境主题|1-5题|事实细节题|塑料污染→危害→解决措施的逻辑链| |颜色语义|25-29题、66-70题|词义猜测题|颜色基本义→引申义（情感/能力）的递进| |日常情境|16-19题、56-60题|信息匹配题|人物-物品-特征的对应关系| |科学现象|30-33题、37-41题|推理判断题|现象描述→原因分析→影响评估的认知逻辑|

小升初阅读选择：环境、颜色 阅读下列短文，从每小题的三个选项中选出最佳选项。 Plastics are a big problem for ocean life. It is thought that over eight million tonnes of plastic, often carried by wind through rivers and streams, finds its way into the ocean every year. It can be anything from plastic bags to food wrappers. Plastic is very strong. It can take up to one thousand years for plastic to break down in the water. A plastic bag in the ocean can look like a jellyfish and be mistaken for food by different animals such as turtles, whales. How can we help? First, we should say “No” to plastic bags. We can reuse old bags or carry backpacks. Then we should refill and reuse glass bottles instead of buying bottled drinks. Finally, we should sort the rubbish and use recycling bins. 1．_________ eight million tonnes of plastic is thrown into the ocean every year. (     ) A．About B．Near C．Over 2．How long does a plastic be broken down in the water? (     ) A．100 years B．1000 years C．10,000 years 3．What can a plastic bag look like in the ocean? (     ) A．A jellyfish. B．A fish. C．A turtle. 4．How many ways can we help the ocean? (     ) A．Three. B．Two. C．Five. 5．What can we know from the passage? (     ) A．Plastic can get blown into rivers, streams and the sea. B．Only turtles and whales will eat the plastic bags as the food. C．We can reuse the plastic bags instead of the backpacks. 阅读短文，选择正确答案。 The students were having their chemistry(化学) class. Miss Li was telling the students what water was like. After that, she asked her students, “What’s water?” No one spoke for a few minutes. Miss Li asked again, “Why don’t you answer my question? Didn’t I tell you what water is like?” Just then a student put up his hand and said, “Miss Li, you told us that water has no color and no smell. However, where to find such kind of water? The water in the river behind my house is always black and it has a bad smell.” Most of the students agreed with him. “I’m sorry, children.” said the teacher, “Our water is getting dirtier and dirtier. That’s a problem.” 6．What were the students doing? (   ) A．They were having an English class. B．They were having a Chinese class. C．They were having a chemistry class. D．They were having a math class. 7．Miss Li was telling the students ______. (   ) A．what water was like B．what air was like C．what earth was like D．what weather was like 8．What colors was the water in the river behind the student’s house? (   ) A．It was white. B．It was black. C．It was clean. D．It was clear. 9．Most of the children ______ the student. (   ) A．agreed with B．wrote to C．heard from D．sent for 10．Why did the water in the river have color? (   ) A．Because it was getting more and more. B．Because it was getting less and less. C．Because it was getting cleaner and cleaner. D．Because it was getting dirtier and dirtier. 阅读短文，选择最佳选项。 The students are having their chemistry class. Miss Li is telling the children what water is like. After that, she asks her students, “What’s water?” No one answers. Miss Li asks again, “Why don’t you answer my question? Don’t I tell you what water is like?” Just then a boy puts up his hand and says, “Miss Li, you told us that water has no color and no smell. But where to find such kind of water? The water in the river behind my house is always black and it has a bad smell.” Most of the children agree(同意) with him. “I’m sorry, children” says the teacher, “Our water is getting dirtier and dirtier. That’s a problem” 11．Miss Li is a (n) _______ teacher. (   ) A．English B．PE C．Chinese D．chemistry 12．The teacher says that water has _______ and no smell. (   ) A．color B．black C．no color D．bad 13．Most of children think the boy is _______. (   ) A．angry B．right C．wrong D．clever 14．What do the underlined words mean in Chinese? (   ) A．越来越干净 B．越来越少 C．越来越脏 D．越来越独特 15．Which of the following is WRONG? (   ) A．The teacher is talking about water in the class. B．Only one student answers the teacher’s question. C．The water is black in our life. D．It’s a problem that our water is getting dirtier and dirtier. 阅读对话，在A、B、C中选择正确的选项。 Alice: Hi, Peter, is this your pencil? Peter: No, I don’t have a pencil. Alice: Mary, is this your pencil? Mary: No, it isn’t. My pencil is yellow. Alice: John, is this your pencil? John: No. Look, this is my pencil. My pencil is blue. Joe: I can’t find (找到) my pencil. It’s green. Do you see it, Alice? Alice: Is this your pencil? Joe: Yes, it is. Thank you, Alice. 16．________ doesn’t have a pencil. (    ) A．Mary B．John C．Peter 17．Mary has a ________ pencil. (    ) A．yellow B．green C．black 18．John has a ________. (    ) A．green pen B．blue pencil C．red pencil 19．Alice finds a pencil. It’s ________ pencil. (    ) A．Joe’s B．Mary’s C．Miss Fang’s 阅读短文，选择正确答案。 It's sunny today. There's no school. Bob goes to the farm with his classmate, Jack. Bob puts on his new white T-shirt and yellow cap(帽子). Jack has white shorts and green shoes(鞋子). The farm is very far(远的). They take a bus there. They see a lot of animals on the farm. There are eight cows on the farm. They like eating grass. There are ten ducks in the pool. They like swimming. They also see pigs and chicks on the farm. They have a good time today! 20．—How is the weather today? (    ) —It's___________. A．windy B．sunny C．rainy 21．—What colour is Bob's T-shirt? (    ) —It's___________. A．green B．black C．white 22．Bob and Jack ________to the farm. (    ) A．walk B．take a bus C．ride bikes 23．There are ________cows on the farm. (    ) A．nine B．ten C．eight 24．The cows like ________and the ducks like swimming. (    ) A．eating meat B．eating flowers C．eating grass 根据短文内容，选择正确的答案   Green is an important colour. But “green” is more than just a colour. It is the colour of grass and leaves. It is also the colour of most growing plants (植物). Sometimes, the word “green” means young and growing. It is something that is not ripe (成熟). If a cow has no horn (角), it is green. If you come to a new job, you are a green hand, too. Sometimes, the word “green” means good. If you can grow plants well, we say you are a green thumb (拇指). It means you may have a magic way to make plants grow quickly and well. Green is also the word to say about one feeling (感情), jealousy. You are good at English, but your friend Jack is not. If Jack is always not happy with you, just because he can't be as good as you (和你一样好), then Jack may be green. Green has another wonderful meaning. If you often take a bus to go out, but not take a car, we say you are going green. Because you love the world in a better way. 25．“A green hand” talks about ________. (     ) A．a red apple B．a new worker C．a young cow 26．A man has a green thumb if ________. (     ) A．he is good at growing plants B．his thumbs are in green colour C．his garden is very clean and tidy 27．The word “jealousy” may mean ________ in Chinese. (     ) A．嫉妒的 B．欣赏的 C．愤怒的 28．How many meaning does “green” have in the article (文章)? (     ) A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. 29．The writer is talking about ________. (     ) A．colours B．language (语言) C．feelings 阅读短文，根据短文内容选择最佳答案。 Red leaves are late Golden and red leaves are usually things in autumn. But because of global warming(全球变暖), a warmer autumn makes the leaves turn red later. Today, red leaves in some countries come one month later. Some leaves even fall(落下) before turning red. We may not see this nice colour one day in the future. How do trees turn red? In spring and summer, trees make chlorophyll(叶绿素)to grow. When it gets cold, they stop making chlorophyll. The yellow and red pigments(色素)begin to show up. The red colour helps the trees beat(抵御)the cold by making the leaves warm and helping trees take in the last nutrients (营养物)from the leaves before they fall. Late red leaves can be bad for trees: ● Trees may have a shorter lifespan(寿命). ● Trees may not grow well next spring. 30．When do leaves usually turn red? (   ) A．In spring. B．In summer. C．In autumn. D．In winter. 31．Why do leaves turn red one month later? (   ) A．Because the weather is warmer. B．Because the weather is colder. C．Because countries are different. D．Because people don’t like red. 32．Late red leaves can ________. (   ) A．make the leaves warm B．help trees take in the last nutrients C．beat the cold D．make trees have a shorter lifespan 33．Red leaves in some countries come later. That’s ________ for trees. (   ) A．good B．bad C．best D．just so so 阅读理解 The students are having their chemistry (化学) class. Miss Li is telling the children what water is like. After that, she asks her students some questions, and one of them is, “Boys and girls! What is water? Can you tell me?” She waits for a few minutes, but no one answers her. Then Miss Li asks again. “Why don’t you answer my question? I tell you what water is like, right?” Then a boy puts up his hand and says, “Miss Li, you tell us that water has no color and no smell (味道). But I think that water is something that is black when I wash my hand in it.” All the students begin to laugh. Miss Li laughs too. Then another boy puts up his hand. Miss Li says, “What do you think, Wang Bing?” The boy says, “Miss Li, where can we find water that has no color and no smell?” “Why do you say so?” Miss Li asks. “The water in the river behind my house is always black and it has a bad smell,” answers the boy. And most of the children think he is right. “I am sorry to hear that, children,” says the teacher. “Our water is getting dirtier (脏). That is a problem. All of us must try our best to make it clean again.” 34．Miss Li tells the children ___________. (    ) A．water is clean B．water has color C．water has smell D．water has no smell or color 35．All the students and Miss Li laugh because ___________. (    ) A．the boy gives an interesting answer B．the boy gives a wrong answer C．the boy doesn’t listen to the teacher carefully D．the boy likes drinking water 36．The teacher thinks ___________. (    ) A．the second boy is wrong B．the water in the rivers is always clean C．the water in the rivers is getting cleaner D．all of them must try their best to make water clean again 根据短文内容，选择正确的答案   A serious earthquake can be a terrible experience, and it is easy to forget safety measures in disorder. Fortunately, most earthquake safety measures are common sense, but if you forget everything else, remember the following instructions: drop, cover, and hold on. Also most of earthquake deaths happen after the earthquake, so remember that the danger does not end when the shaking does If you stay indoors during an earthquake, move away from unsupported areas and windows. Try to get under a doorway or another area of the building which is held up by strong beams. Stay under a table or desk only if it is very strong. Do not rush to lifts, because it is far safer to stay where you are. Cover your head with your arms around it and curl into a ball, and wait for the shaking to stop. If you stay outdoors during an earthquake, move to an area which is as open as possible. Don't move to buildings, electric poles or other objects which may fall during an earthquake and injure you. Protect your head and stay low to the ground till the shaking ends and it is safe to move. After an earthquake, many buildings are less strong, although they appear safe. If you stay indoors, move people from the building quickly and help disabled or injured people move out. Once outdoors, move well away from the building so that if it falls down, you will not be injured. Wait till public safety officials announce that it is safe to stay indoors. By planning ahead and keeping calm during an earthquake, you can greatly increase your chances of survival (生存) without injury. 37．The underlined word “Fortunately” in Paragraph1 means “______. (   ) A．especially B．gradually C．luckily D．finally 38．We can learn from the passage that earthquake safety measures ______. (   ) A．are planned for children B．help us to keep safe C．are not necessary D．are not easy to understand 39．According to the passage, it isn't a good choice ______ during an earthquake. (   ) A．to take a lift B．to stay under a strong table C．to get under a doorway D．to cover the head with arms around it 40．If you stay outdoors during an earthquake, you can do all the following EXCEPT ______. (   ) A．trying to protect your head B．moving to an open place C．moving away from buildings D．taking the disabled people into the room 41．The purpose of the passage is mainly to tell us how to ______. (   ) A．stay away from an earthquake B．predict an earthquake C．control an earthquake D．keep safe during and after an earthquake 根据短文内容，选择正确的答案   The students were having their chemistry class. Miss Li told the children what water is like. After that, she asked her students, “What's water?" No one spoke for a few minutes (分钟). Miss Li asked again, “Why don't you answer my question? Didn't I tell you what water is like?" Just then, a boy put up his hand and said, "Miss Li, you told us water has no colour and no smell (气味). But where can we find this kind (种类) of water? The water in the river behind my house is always black and it has a bad smell.” Most (大多数) of the children agreed (同意) with him. "I'm sorry, children," said the teacher, "our water is getting dirty. That's a problem.” 42．The students were having their ________ class. (   ) A．English B．Chinese C．chemistry 43．Miss Li told the children what ________ is like. (   ) A．water B．air C．weather 44．Did the students answer Miss Li's question at first(一开始)? (   ) A．Yes, they did. B．No, they didn't. C．Yes, they could. 45．A boy said, “The water in the river behind my house is always ________.” (   ) A．clean B．black C．white 46．Most of the children thought the boy was ________. (   ) A．right B．wrong(错误的) C．interesting 根据短文内容，选择正确的答案   Here are some tips on how to stay safe in earthquakes. 1. Stay inside and duck and cover. Get under a desk or table, or stand in a corner or under a doorway. Cover your head and neck with your arms. 2. Move against a wall if in a high building with no protective desk or table nearby. Cover your head and neck with your arms. 3. Try to get into an open area away from trees, buildings, walls, and power lines if outdoors. 4. Pull over to the side of the road away from overpasses and power lines if driving. Stay in your car until the shaking ends. 5. Get away from shelves or other areas where objects may fall if in a crowded store or public area. Lower your body close to the ground and cover your head and neck with your hands and arms. 6. Stay in your seat if in a cinema or a theater. Get below the level of the back of the seat and cover your head and neck with your arms. 7. If you take cover under a strong piece of furniture, hold on to it and be prepared to move with it. 8. Try to stay away from kitchens, where there are often many objects that might fall or get burnt. 47．The best title of the passage is ________. (    ) A．How to protect yourself in an earthquake B．Covering your head and neck with your arms can protect you in an earthquake C．Advice for dangerous situations D．How to stay calm in an earthquake 48．The underlined word "duck" in Tip 1 means ________. (    ) A．a water bird with short legs B．some kind of meat for eating C．walk like a duck D．lower your head or body very quickly 49．________ should be the most important part(s) to be protected in an earthquake. (    ) A．Your head and arms B．Your arms C．Your neck and arms D．Your head and neck 50．Tip 3 and Tip 4 give you some advice (建议) on what you should do when you are ________. (    ) A．inside a building B．outside a building C．in your house D．in a store 51．Which is the correct way to act in an earthquake? (    ) A．Run downstairs and cover your head and neck with your arms. B．Drive your car quickly through the overpass and get out of it. C．When you stay under a strong piece of furniture, you should hold on to it and be prepared to move with it. D．Climb over the back of the seat and cover your head and neck with your arms. 根据短文内容，选择正确的答案   We have much new waste every day. However (然而), there’s no more room for the waste. It is a big problem in every city. What should we do? In Taizhou, we are trying to put waste in different kinds of dustbins (垃圾箱), We divide the waste into different categories (类别), They are perishable (易腐烂的) waste，recyclable, hazardous (有害的) waste and other waste. But do you know how to sort them? For example, and are perishable waste. and are recyclable. and are hazardous waste. and are other waste. 52．_______ is a big problem in every city every day. (  ) A．Waste B．A dustbin C．Water 53．_______ is a kind of recyclable. (  ) A．Hair B．Books C．Bread 54．—How many kinds of waste sorting are mentioned (提到)? (  ) —_______ A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. 55．文中画线词 “room” 的汉语意思是“_______”。(  ) A．房间 B．空间 C．机会 阅读短文 ,选择正确的答案。 Wang Li has some backpacks. One is heavy. It's red. There is an English book in it. One is heavier. It's green. Some pencils are in it. There are many apples in the heaviest backpack. It's yellow. One day she lost her green backpack. She took a bus to the police station. The policeman found her backpack. 56．How many backpacks does Wang Li have?(   ) A．One. B．Two. C．Three. 57．What colour is the heavier backpack? (   ) A．Yellow. B．Green. C．Red. 58．Who found Wang Li's backpack? (   ) A．Policeman. B．Friend. C．Teacher. 59．What's in the heaviest backpack? (   ) A．An English book. B．Some pencils. C．Many apples. 60．How did she go to the police station? (   ) A．By subway. B．By bus. C．By bike. 根据短文内容，选择正确的答案   In most parts of the world, many students help their schools make less pollution (污染). They join “environment (环境) club”. In an environment club, people work together to make our environment clean. Here are some things students often do. No-garbage lunches. How much do you throw away after lunch? Environment clubs ask students to bring their lunches in bags that can be used again. Every week they will choose the classes that make the least garbage and report them to the whole school. No-cars day. On a no-car day, nobody comes to school in a car-not the students and not the teachers. Cars give pollution to our air, so remember: walk, jump, bike, or run! Use your legs! It has lots of fun! Turn off the water! Did you know that toilets (抽水马桶)  can waste twenty to forty tons of water an hour? In a year, that would fill a small river! In the environment clubs, students mend those broken toilets. We love our environment. Let’s work together to make it clean. 61．Environment clubs ask students _____. (  ) A．to run to school every day B．to take exercise every day C．not to forget to take cars D．not to throw away lunch bags 62．From the passage we know the students usually have lunch _____. (  ) A．at school B．in shops C．in clubs D．at home 63．On a no-car day, _____will take a car to school. (  ) A．both students and teachers B．only students C．only teachers D．neither students nor teachers 64．After students mend toilets, they save _____. (  ) A．a small river B．a club C．a lot of water D．a toilet 65．The writer wrote the passage to ask students to _____. (  ) A．clean school B．make less pollution C．join clubs D．help teachers 阅读对话，选择最佳选项。 Mary: Mrs. Smith, there is a colour in each of these sentences, like “She is blue today”, “You are yellow”, “He has a green finger” and “He tells a white lie(谎)”. What do they mean(意思是)? Mrs. Smith: In English, “blue” sometimes means “sad”. “Yellow” sometimes means “afraid”. A person with “a green finger” grows plants(种植物) well, and “a white lie” is kind. Mary: Would you give me an example of “a white lie”? Mrs. Smith: Sure. I give you a cake. But you don’t like it. You don’t say it. You say, “No, thanks. I’m not hungry.” That’s “a white lie”. Mary: What does “He gives me a black look” mean? Mrs. Smith: Here “black” means “angry”. Mary: I can understand them. Thank you very much, Mrs. Smith. 66．What does “She is blue today” mean? (    ) A．She is happy. B．She is afraid. C．She is sad. D．She lies. 67．If a kid stays in a dark room alone(独自地), he is __________.(    ) A．blue B．yellow C．green D．white 68．A person with “a green finger” __________. (    ) A．is happy B．is angry C．can’t tell a lie D．grows plants well 69．If you don’t want to eat food, you tell a white lie and say, “__________”. (    ) A．Yes, please. B．No, thanks. I don’t like it. C．I tell a lie. D．No, thanks. I’m not hungry. 70．If a man is angry, he gives a __________ look. (    ) A．black B．red C．white D．blue 根据短文内容，选择正确的答案   Yesterday was a big day. I was very happy. In the morning, I went shopping with my parents. We bought fresh vegetables, fruit and flowers. In the afternoon, my mother made dumplings. We had a big dinner together in the evening. After dinner, my grandparents gave me a red envelope. There was some lucky money in it. We watched TV in the evening, too. There was a wonderful show on TV. We had so much fun! 71．Who did I go shopping with? (   ) A．My parents. B．My grandfather. C．My grandma. 72．What did my mother do? (   ) A．Made cakes. B．Made dumpings. C．Made noodles. 73．What does "red envelope" mean? (   ) A．信纸 B．压岁钱 C．红包 74．—What did we do after dinner? (   ) —We ______. A．watched TV B．saw a film C．read a book 75．What is "big day" in the passage? (   ) A．Christmas. B．Spring Festival. C．Mid-Autumn Festival. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 参考答案 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．A 5．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了塑料对海洋生物的危害以及如何保护海洋。 1．句意：每年有______八百万吨的塑料被排入海洋。About大约，Near接近，Over超过，根据“It is thought that over eight million tonnes of plastic, often carried by wind through rivers...”，可知每年有超过八百万吨的塑料被排入海洋。 2．句意：塑料在水中需要多久才能完全分解？根据“It can take up to one thousand years for plastic to break down in the water.”，可知塑料在水中分解可能需要长达一千年之久。 3．句意：塑料袋在海洋中会呈现出什么样的样子呢？A jellyfish一只水母，A fish一条鱼，A turtle一只乌龟，根据“A plastic bag in the ocean can look like a jellyfish...”，可知海洋中的一个塑料袋可能会看起来像一只水母。 4．句意：我们能以多少种方式来保护海洋呢？根据“First, we should say... Then we should... Finally, we should...”，可知列举了 3 种帮助海洋的方法。 5．句意：从这篇文章中我们可以了解到什么？根据“It is thought that over eight million tonnes of plastic, often carried by wind through rivers and streams, find its way into the ocean every year.”，可知塑料常被风通过河流和溪流带入海洋，表述正确。 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．D 【导语】本文主要讲述的是化学课上关于水是什么样的讨论。 【详解】6．句意：学生们在做什么？A他们正在上英语课。B他们正在上语文课。C他们正在上化学课。D他们正在上数学课。根据句子 “The students were having their chemistry class.” 可知，学生们正在上化学课，故选C。 7．句意：李老师正在告诉学生们_______。A水是什么样的，B空气是什么样的，C地球是什么样的，D天气是什么样的，根据句子“Miss Li was telling the students what water was like.” 可知，李老师正在告诉学生水是什么样的，故选A。 8．句意：学生家后面河里的水是什么颜色的？A它是白色的。B它是黑色的。C它很干净。D它很纯净。根据句子 “The water in the river behind my house is always black and it has a bad smell.” 可知，学生家后面河里的水是黑色的，故选B。 9．句意：大多数孩子______这个学生。A同意，B写信给，C得到……消息，D发送给，根据句子“Most of the students agreed with him.” 可知，大多数学生都同意这个学生的说法，故选A。 10．句意：为什么河里的水有颜色？A因为它越来越多了。B因为它越来越少了。C因为它变得越来越干净。D因为它越来越脏了。根据句子“Our water is getting dirtier and dirtier. That’s a problem.”可知，水有颜色是因为水变得越来越脏了，故选D。 11．D 12．C 13．B 14．C 15．B 【导语】本文主要是介绍通过化学课上认识水发现水污染的一篇短文。 【详解】11．句意：李老师是一位______老师。A英语，B体育，C语文，D化学。根据“ The students are having their chemistry class.”可知是化学老师，故选D。 12．句意：老师说水_____而且没有气味。A颜色，B黑色，C无色，D坏的。根据“Miss Li, you told us that water has no color and no smell. ”可知是无色，故选C。 13．句意：大多数孩子认为这个男孩是_____。A生气的，B对的，C错的，D聪明的。根据“Most of the children agree(同意) with him.”可知认为他是对的，故选B。 14．句意：划线的单词汉语意思是什么？dirtier是dirty的比较级，表示更脏，故选C。 15．句意：以下哪项是错误的？A老师正在课堂上讲水。B只有一名学生回答老师的问题。C在我们的生活中水是黑色的。D问题是我们的水越来越脏。根据“No one answers. ”可知没人回答。故选B。 16．C 17．A 18．B 19．A 20．B 21．C 22．B 23．C 24．C 25．B 26．A 27．A 28．C 29．B 【分析】短文大意：短文主要讲述绿色及其丰富的意义。 25．句意：“一只绿色的手” 谈论的是_____。由短文 If you come to a new job, you are a green hand, too.可知谈论的应是职场新手，结合选项B符合题意，故选B。 26．句意：一个人有绿色的手指如果_______。由短文 If you can grow plants well, we say you are a green thumb (拇指). 可知他应该植物种得很好，结合选项A符合题意，故选A。 27．句意：单词jealousy的中文意思为_____。由短文You are good at English, but your friend Jack is not. If Jack is always not happy with you, just because he can't be as good as you (和你一样好),可知杰克应是嫉妒你，结合选项A符合题意，故选A。 28．句意：文章中总共讲述了几种“绿”的含义？结合短文可知文章一共讲述了五种绿的含义，结合选项C符合题意，故选C。 29．句意：作者谈论的是_______。由短文Green is an important colour. But “green” is more than just a colour. 可知作者谈论的不仅仅是一种颜色，由几个案例可以看出作者讲的是一种语言，选项A颜色，选项B语言，选项C感受，故选B。 30．C 31．A 32．D 33．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了全球变暖对红叶变色，以及对树木不利影响。 30．句意：树叶通常什么时候变红？A在春天。B在夏天。C在秋天。D在冬天。根据文中“Golden and red leaves are usually things in autumn.”可知红叶通常出现在秋季，故选C。 31．句意：为什么树叶变红晚了一个月？A因为天气更温暖了。B因为天气更寒冷了。C因为国家是不同的。D因为人们不喜欢红色。根据文中“But because of global warming, a warmer autumn makes the leaves turn red later.”可知气候变暖导致红叶推迟，故选A。 32．句意：晚红的叶子能________。A使叶子温暖，B帮助树吸收最后的营养物，C抵御寒冷，D使树木寿命变短。根据文中“Trees may have a shorter lifespan.”可知树木的寿命可能更短，故选D。 33．句意：在一些国家红叶来的晚。那对树是________。A有益的，B有害的，C最好的，D一般般。根据文中“Late red leaves can be bad for trees.”可知晚红对树木不利，故选B。 34．D 35．A 36．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了化学课上李老师与学生关于水的讨论。 34．句意：李老师告诉孩子们________。A水是干净的，B水有颜色，C水有气味，D水既无色也无味，根据句子“Miss Li, you tell us that water has no color and no smell.”可知李老师告诉孩子们水无色无味，故选D。 35．句意：所有的学生和李老师笑了是因为________。A男孩给出了一个有趣的答案，B男孩给出了一个错误的答案，C男孩没有仔细听老师的话，D男孩喜欢喝水，根据句子“But I think that water is something that is black when I wash my hand in it.”可知男孩说自己觉得洗手时水是黑色的，这明显是一句调侃，是个有趣的答案，故选A。 36．句意：老师认为________。A第二个男孩错了，B河水一直是干净的，C河水正在变得越来越干净，D所有人都必须尽全力使得水再一次变干净。根据句子“All of us must try our best to make it clean again.”可知老师认为大家都要为保护水资源做出努力，故选D。 37．C 38．B 39．A 40．D 41．D 【分析】短文大意：短文介绍了在地震期间和地震之后，如何保持安全。 37．句意：第一段中划线单词Fortunately意思是____。A特别；B渐渐地；C幸运地；D最后；根据短文中的and it is easy to forget safety measures in disorder. Fortunately, most earthquake safety measures are common sense, 可知地震发生时的混乱，可能很容易忘记安全措施，幸运地，大多数的安全措施是有普遍意义的，Fortunately幸运地，与luckily同义，故选C。 38．句意：我们可以从文章中了解到地震安全措施_____。A是为孩子们计划的；B帮助我们保持安全；C是没有必要的；D是不容易理解的；根据短文中的Fortunately, most earthquake safety measures are common sense, 可知大多数的安全措施是有意义的，也就是可以帮助我们保持安全，故选B。 39．句意：根据这篇文章在地震期间____不是一个好选择。A乘电梯；B呆在一张结实的桌子下面；C钻到门洞下面；D用手臂抱住头；根据短文中的 Do not rush to lifts, because it is far safer to stay where you are. 可知地震发生时，呆在你在的地方更加安全，不要跑向电梯，乘电梯不是一个好选择，故选A。 40．句意：如果你在地震期间呆在户外，除了____你可以做以下所有事情。A试图保护你的头；B搬到一个开阔的地方；C远离建筑物；D把残疾人带进房间；根据短文中的 f you stay outdoors during an earthquake, move to an area which is as open as possible. Don't move to buildings, electric poles or other objects which may fall during an earthquake and injure you. Protect your head... If you stay indoors, move people from the building quickly and help disabled or injured people move out. 可知地震发生时，如果你呆在户外，要去一个开阔饿地方，远离建筑物，还有保护好你的头，迅速将人们从建筑物中转移出来，并帮助残疾人或伤员搬出，由此ABC都是应该做的，D选项是不应该做的，故选D。 41．句意：这篇文章的目的主要是告诉我们如何_____。A远离地震；B预测地震；C控制地震；D在地震期间和之后保持安全；根据短文大意，可知这篇短文主要讲述了在地震期间和地震之后，如何保持安全，故选D。 42．C 43．A 44．B 45．B 46．A 【详解】42．句意：学生们正在上______课。A英语，B语文，C化学，根据The students were having their chemistry class.学生们正在上化学课，故选C。 43．句意：李老师告诉孩子们_____是什么样子的。A水，B空气，C天气，根据Miss Li told the children what water is like.李老师告诉孩子们水是什么样子的。故选A。 44．句意：一开始学生们回答李老师的问题了吗？根据No one spoke for a few minutes (分钟). Miss Li asked again, "Why don't you answer my question? Didn't I tell you what water is like?"有几分钟没人说话。李小姐又问：“你们为什么不回答我的问题？我没告诉你们水是什么样子吗？”，答语为否定回答，故选B。 45．句意：一个男孩说，“我家后面的河水总是_______。”A干净的，B黑的，C白的，根据The water in the river behind my house is always black and it has a bad smell.我家后面河里的水总是黑的，而且有股难闻的气味。故选B。 46．句意：大多数孩子认为男孩是______。A对的，B错误的，C有趣的，根据Most (大多数) of the children agreed (同意) with him.大多数孩子都同意他的观点。故选A。 【点睛】 47．A 48．D 49．D 50．B 51．C 【分析】本文介绍了地震中如何保持安全的一些提示。 47．句意：这篇文章最好的标题是_____。A如何在地震中保护自己，B用你的手臂覆盖你的头和脖子可以在地震中保护你，C危险情况建议，D如何在地震中保持冷静，根据短文中的Here are some tips on how to stay safe in earthquakes.可知这篇文章最好的标题是如何在地震中保护自己，故选A。 48．句意：提示1中带下划线的单词“duck”意思是_______。A有短腿的水鸟，B一种可以吃的肉，C像鸭子一样走路，D迅速低下头或身体，根据短文中的Get under a desk or table, or stand in a corner or under a doorway. 可知意思是迅速低下头或身体，故选D。 49．句意：在地震中_____应该是最重要的保护部位。A你的头和胳膊，B你的胳膊，C你的颈部和胳膊，D你的头部和颈部，根据短文中的Cover your head and neck with your arms.可知你的头部和颈部应该是最重要的保护部位，故选D。 50．句意：提示3和4给你一些建议当你_____的时候你应该做什么？A大楼里面，B大楼外面，C在你家里，D在商店，根据短文中的Try to get into an open area away from trees, buildings, walls, and power lines if outdoors.Pull over to the side of the road away from overpasses and power lines if driving. Stay in your car until the shaking ends.可知提示3和4给你一些建议当你在大楼外面时你应该做什么？故选B。 51．句意：在地震中正确的行动方式是是什么？A跑下楼用胳膊捂住头和脖子。B开着你的车快速通过立交桥然后下车。C当你呆在一件坚固的家具下面时，你应该抓住它并准备跟着它移动。D爬到椅背上用手臂遮住头部和颈部。根据短文中的 If you take cover under a strong piece of furniture, hold on to it and be prepared to move with it.可知当你呆在一件坚固的家具下面时，你应该抓住它并准备跟着它移动，这是正确的行动方式，故选C。 【点睛】 52．A 53．B 54．C 55．B 【解析】短文介绍废物问题及废物分类的知识。 52．句意：______在每个城市每天都是一个大问题。根据短文内容We have much new waste every day. However, there’s no more room for the waste. It is a big problem in every city.我们每天都有很多新的废物。但是，没有更多的废物存放空间了。这在每个城市都是一个大问题。可知：Waste废物，符合题意，故选A。 53．句意：______是一种可回收利用的物品。根据短文内容可知：瓶子和书是可回收利用的废物。可知：Books书，符合题意，故选B。 54．问句句意：提到了几种废物分类？根据短文内容We divide the waste into different categories (类别), They are perishable (易腐烂的) waste，recyclable, hazardous (有害的) waste and other waste.我们将废物分为不同类别，分别是易腐烂的，可循环利用的，有害的和其他废物。可知分为四类。Four.四类。符合题意，故选C。 55．根据短文内容We have much new waste every day. However, there’s no more room for the waste. It is a big problem in every city.我们每天都有很多新的废物。但是，没有更多的废物存放空间了。空间符合题意，故选B。 56．C 57．B 58．A 59．C 60．B 【解析】56．由句子one is heavy，one is heavier, There are many apples in the heaviest backpack.可知，一共有三个背包，故选C。 57．由句子One is heavier. It's green.可知，故选B。 58．由最后一句可知，警察找到了她丢失的背包，故选A。 59．由句子There are many apples in the heaviest backpack.可知，最重的背包里装了苹果，故选C。 60．由句子She took a bus to the police station.可知，她是乘公交去警察局的，故选B。 61．D 62．A 63．D 64．C 65．B 【解析】短文大意：主要讲环境俱乐部要求学生们行动起来，保护环境，减少污染。 【详解】61．句意：环境俱乐部要求学生________。A选项每天跑步来学校，B选项每天锻炼，C选项不要忘记乘小汽车，D选项不要扔掉午饭袋子，根据原文 Environment clubs ask students to bring their lunches in bags that can be used again. 可知环境俱乐部要求学生们把午餐放在可以再次使用的袋子里带过来，故选D。 62．句意：从文章中我们知道学生们通常________吃午饭。A选项在学校，B选项在商店里，C选项在俱乐部里，D选项在家，根据原文 Environment clubs ask students to bring their lunches in bags that can be used again. 可知环境俱乐部要求学生们把午餐放在可以再次使用的袋子里带过来，故选A。 63．句意：在无车日，________将乘小汽车去学校。A选项学生们和老师们，B选项只有学生们，C选项只有老师们，D选项学生们和老师们都不，根据原文On a no-car day, nobody comes to school in a car-not the students and not the teachers.可知在无车日没有人乘车来学校，没有学生，也没有老师，故选D。 64．句意：在学生们修理厕所后，他们节约________。A选项一条小河，B选项一个俱乐部，C选项很多水，D选项一个抽水马桶，根据原文Did you know that toilets (抽水马桶) can waste twenty to forty tons of water an hour? 可知抽水马桶一小时能够浪费二十到四十吨水，故选C。 65．句意：作者写这篇文章是为了要求学生们________。A选项清洁学校，B选项减少污染，C选项加入俱乐部，D选项帮助老师，根据文章内容可知B选项符合，故选B。 【点睛】 66．C 67．B 68．D 69．D 70．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了不同的颜色代表了不同的心情。 66．句意：“She is blue today”是什么意思？A她很开心。B她害怕。C她很难过。D她撒谎。根据句子“‘blue’ sometimes means ‘sad’.”，可知蓝色代表难过，故选C。 67．句意：如果一个孩子独自呆在黑暗的房间里，他____。A蓝色，B黄色，C绿色，D白色，根据常识可知独自呆在黑暗的房间里会害怕，根据句子“‘Yellow’ sometimes means ‘afraid’.”，可知黄色代表害怕，故选B。 68．句意：有“a green finger”的人_____。A是开心的，B是生气的，C不能说谎，D很好地种植植物，根据句子“A person with ‘a green finger’ grows plants well,”，可知有“a green finger”的人能很好的种植植物，故选D。 69．句意：如果你不想吃食物，你撒一个善意的谎言，说:“_____”。A是的，请吧。B不用了，谢谢。我不喜欢它。C我说错了。D不用了，谢谢。我不饿。根据句子“‘No, thanks. I’m not hungry.’ That’s ‘a white lie’.”，可知可以说不饿，故选D。 70．句意：如果一个男人生气了，他会露出一种_______的表情。A黑色，B红色，C白色，D蓝色，根据句子“Here ‘black’ means ‘angry’.”，可知黑色代表生气，故选A。 71．A 72．B 73．C 74．A 75．B 【导语】本文讲的是春节我们做的事情。 71．句意：谁和我一起去购物？A我的父母；B我的爷爷；C我的奶奶；根据短文中的 In th morning, I went shopping with my parents. 在上午，我和我的父母一起去购物了。故选A。 72．句意：我的妈妈做了什么？A做蛋糕；B包饺子；C做面条；根据短文中的In the afternoon, my mother made dumplings. 在下午，我的妈妈包饺子。故选B。 73．句意： "red envelope"意思是什么？根据短文中的After dinner, my grandparents gave me a red envelope. 晚饭后，我的祖父母给我一个红包。可知 "red envelope"意思是红包，故选C。 74．句意：—晚饭后我们做什么？—____。A看电视；B看电影；C读书；根据短文中的We watched TV in the evening, too. 我们在晚上也看电视。可知晚饭后我们看电视，故选A。 75．句意：文章里的大日子是什么？A圣诞节；B春节；C中秋节；根据短文大意，可知是春节，故选B。 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $