内容正文:
2026-2027学年人教版九年级上册英语 Unit5知识清单
单元同步基础知识点梳理
一、单元核心词汇清单
1.四会单词表
序号
单词
音标
词性
词义
教材搭配
词形变形
中考标注
①
creative
/kriˈeɪtɪv/
adj.
有创造力的;创造性的
creative ideas 创意想法
create v. 创造;creation n. 创造力、创作物
【中考:必】
②
invent
/ɪnˈvent/
v.
发明;创造
invent new things 发明新事物
invention n. 发明物;inventor n. 发明者
【中考:必】
③
design
/dɪˈzaɪn/
v. & n.
设计;构思
design an object 设计物品
designer n. 设计师
【中考:常】
④
produce
/prəˈdjuːs/
v.
生产;制造;出产
produce dishes 制作菜品
product n. 产品;production n. 生产
【中考:必】
⑤
create
/kriˈeɪt/
v.
创造;创作;创建
create tunnels 建造隧道
creation n. 创作;creative adj. 有创造力的
【中考:必】
⑥
send
/send/
v.
发送;派遣
send a file 发送文件
过去式/过去分词:sent
【中考:必】
⑦
connect
/kəˈnekt/
v.
连接;联结
connect A to B 把A连接到B
connection n. 连接;联系
【中考:必】
⑧
spread
/spred/
v.
传播;展开;扩散
spread news 传播消息
过去式/过去分词:spread
【中考:常】
⑨
introduce
/ˌɪntrəˈdjuːs/
v.
介绍;引入
introduce a word 引入词汇
introduction n. 介绍;引言
【中考:常】
⑩
complete
/kəmˈpliːt/
v. & adj.
完成;完整的
complete a project 完成工程
completion n. 完成
【中考:常】
⑪
solve
/sɒlv/
v.
解决;解答
solve different problems 解决各类问题
solution n. 解决办法
【中考:必】
⑫
allow
/əˈlaʊ/
v.
允许;准许
allow animals to pass 允许动物通行
allowance n. 津贴;允许
【中考:必】
⑬
increase
/ˈɪŋkriːs/
v. & n.
增加;增长;提升
increase tourism 带动旅游业增长
无
【中考:常】
⑭
improve
/ɪmˈpruːv/
v.
改进;改善
improve transport 改善交通
improvement n. 改进;提升
【中考:必】
⑮
material
/məˈtɪəriəl/
n. & adj.
材料;原料;物质的
writing materials 书写材料
无
【中考:常】
⑯
experiment
/ɪkˈsperɪmənt/
n. & v.
实验;做试验
do experiments 开展实验
无
【中考:了解】
⑰
mix
/mɪks/
v. & n.
混合;调配;混合物
mix ingredients 混合原料
mixture n. 混合物
【中考:常】
⑱
press
/pres/
v. & n.
按压;压;按压动作
press a button 按下按钮
无
【中考:常】
⑲
remove
/rɪˈmuːv/
v.
移开;去除;取下
remove paper 取下纸张
无
【中考:了解】
⑳
result
/rɪˈzʌlt/
v. & n.
导致;结果
result in production 促成生产
无
【中考:常】
2.重点短语
1.depend on 依靠;依赖;取决于 【中考:必】
教材原句:All of these things depend on one invention-papermaking.
仿写:Our study progress depends on daily hard work.
同源例句:The spread of culture depends on convenient communication tools.
2.speed up 加速;加快 【中考:常】
教材原句:The papermaking technique did not only speed up the development of Chinese culture.
仿写:Great inventions speed up social progress.
同源例句:Modern transportation speeds up people's cross-regional exchanges.
3.as a result 结果;因此 【中考:必】
教材原句:As a result, communication among people in different countries is now much easier.
仿写:He kept practicing, as a result, he made great progress.
同源例句:Planes shorten travel time; as a result, the world becomes smaller.
4.carry out 执行;实施;开展 【中考:常】
教材原句:Feng Ru carried out a public test flight in Oakland City.
仿写:Scientists carry out tests to improve new inventions.
同源例句:Researchers carry out experiments to create better materials.
5.to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是 【中考:必】
教材原句:To everyone's surprise, this paper was soft, light and cheap.
仿写:To my surprise, this small invention changes our life greatly.
同源例句:To our surprise, the simple glue became a popular invention.
6.lead to 导致;促成;带来 【中考:必】
教材原句:it led to a rapid increase in the number of books.
仿写:Creative ideas often lead to great inventions.
同源例句:The combination of paper and printing led to the boom of knowledge.
7.turn...into reality 将……变为现实 【中考:常】
教材原句:How do we turn ideas into reality?
仿写:We keep trying to turn our creative ideas into reality.
3.易混词辨析
易混词组
核心区别
教材原句例句
invent / discover
invent 创造原本不存在的新事物(发明);discover 发现原本存在但未被知晓的事物(发现)
Guglielmo Marconi invented the radio. The oldest wheel was discovered in Eastern Europe.
create / produce
create 侧重原创、创造全新事物/方案;produce 侧重批量制作、生产实物产品
New tunnels were created to solve railway problems. Smart Cook can produce hundreds of dishes.
cheap / expensive
cheap 物美价廉、成本低;expensive 价格高昂,二者为反义词,多用于描述物料、产品价格
Cai Lun's paper was cheap. Ancient silk writing materials were expensive.
【速记小贴士】 本单元词汇以发明、创造类动词为核心,优先记忆词根变形;短语全部绑定“发明改变生活”单元话题,结合课文场景记忆,避免孤立背诵,做题可快速匹配语境。
二、单元核心句型清单
①What do you think is the most useful invention of all time? 【中考:必】
中文释义:你认为有史以来最有用的发明是什么?
使用场景:用于询问他人对事物的观点、评价,是本单元核心交际句型。
教材原句:Fu Xing: What do you think is the most useful invention of all time, Peter?
仿写:What do you think is the most important ancient invention?
补充例句:What do you think changes people's life most in modern times?
②Before...was invented, ... 【中考:必】
中文释义:在……被发明之前,……
使用场景:用于对比发明出现前后的生活、社会变化,写作高频句型。
教材原句:Before the radio was invented, information travelled very slowly.
仿写:Before the plane was invented, long-distance travel took a very long time.
补充例句:Before papermaking was invented, people used expensive materials to write on.
③It is believed that... 【中考:常】
中文释义:人们认为……;据信……
使用场景:客观陈述公认事实,常用于阅读和书面表达。
教材原句:It is believed that the world's oldest wheel was found in Eastern Europe.
仿写:It is believed that great inventions come from creative ideas.
④be responsible for... 【单元考:必】
中文释义:……是造成……的原因;……促成了……
使用场景:用于说明发明、事物对社会、生活的影响。
教材原句:It, more than any other invention, was responsible for the rapid spread of information.
仿写:Popular inventions are responsible for the fast development of society.
⑤make it + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth. 【中考:必】
中文释义:使某人做某事变得……
使用场景:描述发明、工具带来的便利,写作万能句型。
教材原句:The radio made it much easier for people to enjoy music from artists around the world.
仿写:3D printers make it possible for people to create all kinds of goods easily.
【速记小贴士】 本单元句型大多搭配被动语态使用,背诵时联动语法;含 do you think 的问句固定用陈述语序,是单选、改错高频考点,重点记忆。
三、单元核心语法清单
一般现在时、一般过去时被动语态(含情态动词被动)【中考:必】
1.定义:被动语态侧重强调动作的承受者,本单元专门用于描述发明被创造、制作、使用、传播的过程与状态。
2.核心结构及用法
语态类型
基本结构
适用场景
教材例句+解析
一般现在时被动
am/is/are + 过去分词
描述物品常态、固有功能、客观事实
A mini-camera is connected to the front of the glasses.(单数主语,客观功能,用is)
一般过去时被动
was/were + 过去分词
描述过去的发明、制作、历史事件
A radio message was sent across the Atlantic Ocean in 1901.(过去历史事件,单数主语,用was)
情态动词被动
情态动词+be+过去分词
描述物品可实现的功能、用途
Toys and houses can all be made by the 3D printer.(表物品功能,can后接be原形)
3.核心规则:被动语态中,动作执行者用 by+动作主体 引出;只有及物动词有被动语态。
4.易错提醒:① 不规则动词分词(sent/spread)易拼写错误,必须单独记忆;② 描述古代发明、过去创造的事物,统一用过去被动,不可混用现在被动;③ 被动语态be动词不可省略,缺be动词直接判定错误。
【速记小贴士】 被动语态做题三步走:先判断主语是否为动作承受者→再判断时态→最后核对过去分词拼写,适配本单元所有语法题型。
四、单元重点知识梳理
1. 单元话题:围绕“创意的力量”,谈论各类发明的诞生、功能、制作过程,以及发明对生活、文化、世界的改变。
2. 核心发明及人物考点:① 无线电:马可尼19世纪90年代研发,1901年首次跨大西洋传信,加速信息传播;② 造纸术:东汉蔡伦改良,105年献给朝廷,原料廉价易得,推动中外文明发展;③ 飞机:莱特兄弟1903年发明,模仿鸟类飞行解决飞行难题,缩短全球出行距离;④ 便利贴:意外发明,由弱胶水改良应用而来。
3. 3D打印机功能:可制作食物、鞋袜、桌椅、玩具、假肢、药品、房屋等各类物品。
3. 青藏铁路核心考点:2006年竣工,连接西宁与拉萨;通过管道、隧道、桥梁解决冻土施工难题,兼顾动物通行,带动当地旅游和经济发展。
4. 蔡伦造纸流程:混合熬煮原料→捶打切碎二次混合→倒入竹帘留存纤维→烘干压制形成纸张。
五、单元易错知识汇总
1.词汇易错
(1) invent/invention/inventor 词性混淆
错因:同词根衍生词词义、词性记忆混乱。
正确用法:invent(v. 发明);invention(n. 发明物);inventor(n. 发明者)
避坑口诀:动词表动作,or指人,ion指物。
(2) spread 变形错误
错因:误将过去式写为spreaded。
正确用法:原形、过去式、过去分词均为spread。
避坑口诀:传播spread,形变永不变。
2.句型易错
(1)What do you think... 语序错误
错因:插入语后误用疑问语序。
正确用法:do you think为插入语,后续句子必须用陈述语序。
3.语法易错
(1)被动语态时态混用
错因:描述古代发明、过去事件用一般现在时被动。
正确用法:历史发明用过去被动,物品常态功能用现在被动。
(2)被动语态缺失be动词
错因:直接用过去分词作谓语。
正确用法:被动语态必备结构:be动词+过去分词,缺一不可。
六、单元考点清单(高频命题点)
必考点(高频出题)
1. 三种被动语态结构辨析与运用(对应练习:单选、句型转换、短文改错、词汇运用)
2. 单元核心词汇词形变形(invent/create/produce等)(对应练习:词汇运用、选词填空)
3. 高频固定短语辨析与语境运用(对应练习:单选、选词填空)
常考点(中频出题)
1. 发明话题情景交际句型运用(对应练习:单选)
2. 易混词汇词义辨析(对应练习:单选、短文改错)
3. 课文核心细节常识(造纸术、飞机、无线电相关内容)(对应练习:选词填空、阅读)
了解点(低频出题)
1. 文本代词指代辨析(对应练习:短文理解)
2. 各类发明的制作材料、用途描述(对应练习:词汇运用)
七、单元巩固小练习
基础过关
一、词汇运用(用所给单词适当形式填空)
1. The telephone ________ (invent) by Alexander Bell in 1876.
2. Creative ideas ________ (need) to solve difficult building problems.
3. Many dishes can ________ (make) by the Smart Cook machine.
4. The railway ________ (connect) Xining to Lhasa all the time.
5. News ________ (spread) fast after the radio was widely used.
二、句型转换(改为被动语态)
1. People use laptops in daily life.
________________________________________
2. Workers pressed the button to start the machine.
________________________________________
3. We can make toys with 3D printers.
________________________________________
三、单项选择
1. What do you think is the greatest ________ in ancient China?
A. invent B. invention C. inventor
2. Bridges ________ to let animals pass under the railway.
A. are built B. built C. build
3. ________ everyone's surprise, the simple paper changed the whole world.
A. In B. To C. For
4. New inventions ________ the development of human society.
A. lead to B. depend on C. look to
5. Before the plane ________, people spent months on long trips.
A. invented B. was invented C. is invented
能力提升
一、短文改错(每句一处错误,找出并改正)
1. The word “robot” was first introduce in 1920. ________
2. Many daily things are make by 3D printers now. ________
3. Before the radio invented, news travelled very slowly. ________
4. To everyone surprised, the new paper was cheap and light. ________
5. The Qinghai-Xizang Railway was completed on 2006. ________
二、选词填空(选用方框内单词,适当形式填空,每词限用一次)
create, connect, produce, allow, increase
The Qinghai-Xizang Railway ________ Xining to Lhasa. It ________ local tourism greatly. Special tunnels and bridges ________ during the construction. The animal-friendly bridges ________ wild animals to pass safely. Lots of useful daily products ________ by creative technologies every year.
参考答案+考点解析
基础过关
一、词汇运用
1. was invented 考点:一般过去时被动语态
2. are needed 考点:一般现在时被动语态
3. be made 考点:情态动词can后接被动结构
4. connects 考点:一般现在时主谓一致
5. spread 考点:spread不规则变形
二、句型转换
1. Laptops are used by people in daily life. 考点:一般现在时被动
2. The button was pressed by workers to start the machine. 考点:一般过去时被动
3. Toys can be made by us with 3D printers. 考点:情态动词被动
三、单项选择
1. B 考点:词形辨析(invention 发明物)
2. A 考点:一般现在时被动语态
3. B 考点:固定短语to one’s surprise
4. A 考点:短语辨析lead to 促成、带来
5. B 考点:一般过去时被动语态(历史发明)
能力提升
一、短文改错
1. introduce→introduced 考点:被动语态过去分词
2. make→made 考点:被动语态be+过去分词
3. invented前加was 考点:过去被动语态缺be动词
4. surprised→surprise 考点:固定短语名词搭配
5. on→in 考点:年份前介词用in
二、选词填空
1. connects 考点:一般现在时主谓一致
2. increases 考点:一般现在时动词变形
3. were created 考点:一般过去时被动语态
4. allow 考点:一般现在时谓语动词
5. are produced 考点:一般现在时被动语态
八、单元思维导图
1.分类词汇
动词类:invent、create、design、produce、connect、spread、press、mix、improve
名词类:invention、inventor、material、experiment、product
形容词类:creative、cheap、expensive
2.短语归类
影响变化类:speed up、lead to、as a result
固定搭配类:depend on、to one’s surprise、carry out
话题专属类:turn ideas into reality
3.句型分组
观点询问句型:What do you think is...?
时间对比句型:Before...was invented,...
影响描述句型:make it+adj.+for sb. to do、be responsible for
客观陈述句型:It is believed that...
4.语法辨析
一般现在时被动:描述物品常态、功能
一般过去时被动:描述历史发明、过去事件
情态动词被动:描述物品可用功能
5.易错盘点
词形易错:invent衍生词混淆、spread变形错误
句型易错:插入语后语序错误
语法易错:被动语态漏be动词、时态混用
6.考点分级
必考点:被动语态、词形变形、核心短语(适配所有题型)
常考点:情景交际、易混词辨析(适配单选、改错)
了解点:代词指代、发明细节描述(适配阅读、词汇运用)
7.配套习题对应
被动语态:词汇运用、句型转换、单选2/5、短文改错1/2/3
词形变形:词汇运用、选词填空、短文改错1
核心短语:单选3/4、短文改错4
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