精品解析：湖南长沙市开福区第一中学2025-2026学年第二学期八年级过关演练 英语试卷

2025-2026学年第二学期八年级过关演练 英语试卷 时量100分钟 满分100分 第一部分 听力技能（共两节，计20分） 第一节（共5小题，每小题1分，计5分） 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. What’s the rule of driving in the man’s country? A. Drive on the right. B. Drive on the left. C. Drive in the middle. 2. What are they talking about? A. A new movie. B. A sports game. C. An earthquake. 3. What did the boy dream last night? A. He was a hero and could fly. B. He could breathe under water. C. He could talk to animals. 4. How much does the girl pay for two piano lessons? A. 100 yuan. B. 150 yuan. C. 200 yuan. 5. Where is the boy? A. In Canada. B. In Australia. C. In China. 第二节（共15小题，每小题1分，计15分） 听下面6段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有2至3个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听材料，回答以下小题。 6. Where did the fire happen? A. On North Street. B. On South Street. C. On East Street. 7. How many people got hurt in the fire? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. 听材料，回答以下小题。 8. What happened to Jack this morning? A. He caught a bad cold. B. He got hurt in an earthquake. C. He lost his way back home. 9. When can Jack leave the hospital? A. Today. B. Tomorrow. C. Two days later. 听材料，回答以下小题。 10. How does Lingling feel? A. Nervous. B. Unhappy. C. Excited. 11. What did Lingling’s mum tell her not to do? A. Eat before dinner. B. Talk loudly at the table. C. Hit an empty bowl with chopsticks. 听材料，回答以下小题。 12. What is Lily going to do this weekend? A. Visit a tea house. B. Read a book about tea. C. Buy some new tea cups. 13. Who invented tea according to the conversation? A. Lu Yu. B. Shen Nong. C. Cha Jing. 14. What does the boy think of the book? A. It is boring. B. It is amazing. C. It is too long. 听材料，回答以下小题。 15. When did the earthquake happen? A. At 6:05 a.m. on January 7th. B. At 6:50 a.m. on January 7th. C. At 5:06 a.m. on January 17th. 16. What were people doing when the earthquake happened? A. Some were sleeping. B. Some were working. C. Some were eating. 17. What can we get from the conversation? A. Linda was watching TV news. B. No one died in the earthquake. C. The weather was cold outside. 听材料，回答以下小题。 18. How long did the snowstorm last? A. 6 hours. B. 8 hours. C. 10 hours. 19. Where did the young volunteers meet? A. At the school gate. B. At the town centre. C. At the police station. 20. What advice does the news give? A. Stay at home and wear warm clothes. B. Go outside and help clean the roads. C. Drive as fast as you can to get to work. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，计30分） 第一节：（共10小题，每小题2分，计10分） (A) 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中,选出最佳选项。 1. What time do Western people usually have dinner? A. At 5:00 in the afternoon. B. Around 7 p.m. or even later. C. Before 7:00 in the afternoon. 2. When might people want to say “I’m sorry, I can’t eat this.”? A. If they are full. B. If they’re given something they don’t like. C. If the hosts keep offering a lot of food to them. 3. Which of the following is helpful when you’re in the west according to the text? A. You can’t eat chicken legs with your fingers. B. You can leave as soon as you’ve finished eating. C. If you don’t know what to do, just watch the others and do as they do. (B) Since the middle of May 2026, heavy continuous rain has hit southern China. More than 14 provinces and cities like Hunan, Guizhou, Hubei and Chongqing have been greatly affected. The endless heavy rain has caused sudden floods and landslides. A lot of roads, bridges and buildings were badly damaged. Some local weather stations broke their rainfall records in history. In certain areas, the daily rainfall was over 300 millimeters. It was far more than the common monthly rainfall in usual years. The terrible weather trapped hundreds of villagers in mountainous and low areas. Several towns lost traffic and electric power. To deal with the serious natural disaster, the government carried out flood control plans in southern areas. Rescuers, firefighters and volunteers rushed to the disaster areas day and night. They not only saved trapped people, but also provided daily goods for isolated villages. These materials helped local people live a normal life during the hard time. Weather experts explain that global warming leads to more bad weather. As the air temperature rises, more water evaporates (蒸发) into the air. As a result, heavy rain becomes much more frequent in rainy seasons. We are unable to stop natural disasters. However, we can raise our sense of safety. Listen to weather reports in time, keep away from low places on rainy days, and learn some simple self-protection skills. All of these ways can help us avoid possible danger. 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。 4. Which sentence is true according to the passage? A. Only four provinces were influenced by the rain. B. Some places broke the past rainfall records. C. The heavy rain lasted for less than seven days. 5. What can we infer from the text? A. Human activities may cause more terrible weather. B. Low land is the safest place during floods. C. Villagers need no food supplies after disasters. 6. The underlined word “isolated” means ________. A. 与外界隔绝的 B. 热闹繁华的 C. 交通便利的 7. What is the best title of the article? A. The Long History of Natural Disasters B. Recent Rain Disaster and Safety Suggestions C. The Changes of Weather in All Seasons (C) Important Things to Know When Dining Out Cultural dining manners might surprise you with some rules. Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake when dining out. Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family—no matter where you are in the world. Chopstick Rules The way you hold chopsticks is important to avoid making others uncomfortable. When you put them down between bites, always put them down together. Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you put them on the table. Hands or Utensils (餐具) In India and the Middle East, it’s considered rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. Mexicans consider it impolite to eat with utensils. Instead, they prefer to use their hands. In Chile, you may never touch any food with your fingers. Making Requests It may seem like a small thing to ask for salt and pepper at a meal. In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don’t like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food. Some of these cultural dining manners may seem strange, but they are important in various countries. The more time you spend in a country, the more comfortable you will feel with its culture. 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中,选出最佳选项。 8. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Different dining manners in different cultures. B. How to use chopsticks correctly in daily life. C. The bad habits while having dinner abroad. 9. According to the passage, which of the following is impolite when using chopsticks? A. Putting them down together between bites. B. Sticking them upright in your food. C. Using them to pick up vegetables. 10. What is not allowed in Italy? A. Asking for salt during meals. B. Using hands to eat food. C. Asking for extra cheese on food. 11. What can we infer from the passage? A. Left-hand eating is rude in Chile. B. Travelers should respect local dining culture. C. People all over the world have similar table manners. 第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，计10分） 阅读下面的短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项补全短文。 If you have ever been to Germany, you might find that its tipping (小费) culture is quite different. Tipping is not a traditional custom in China. ____12____ It’s important to be clear that tipping is a part of daily life in Germany. ____13____ Tipping is to express your thanks for the workers’ hard work. Usually, it’s the guests who decide how much they tip. In restaurants and beauty centres, guests usually tip 5% to 10% of the total bill. ____14____ And sometimes guests give small gifts in return. ____15____ Unlike in other countries, you do not leave the tip on the table. When your food server brings the bill, you need to leave a tip to let him or her know how you will be paying. Once your food server is ready to collect your payment, you should tell him or her the total amount you wish to pay. ____16____ Otherwise, he or she will arrive at your table, ready to collect the amount on your bill. A. So how do you leave a tip in Germany? B. However, it is popular to tip in Germany. C. As for coffee shops, guests can give as much as they want. D. When you are satisfied with the service, you can give a tip. E. You have to be quick to let your server know that you will be leaving a tip. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，计25分） 第一节：（共10小题，每小题1.5分，计15分） 通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 It was Labor Day. Brian’s parents Kelly and Jay Omar went out ____17____, leaving their five children at home. They went to a shopping mall nearby. Brian is the oldest kid. He told the reporter, “One of my sisters just mentioned the house was thick with smoke. Then we ____18____ in surprise and found that the playpen (幼儿围栏) was on fire. My first thought was to get my four sisters out of the house. So I acted quickly and helped my four sisters leave the ____19____ house.” After making sure his sisters were all safe, the 13-year-old boy tried putting out the fire in the ____20____ of saving their home. But the fire was burning strongly at that time. ____21____, the family finally lost their home in the fire. “It was a scary ____22____. I was still at my desk when I got the call,” Kelly told the reporter. “If my son had not taken actions like that, I would have been the ____23____ person in the world.” The family ____24____ all the things in the fire. Some friends created a GoFundMe account to ____25____ some money for the Omar family. Then the family could buy some clothes and food. The family was really ____26____ for what those kind people did. “Very little of the house remained after the fire, but nobody got hurt. That’s the silver lining of the accident,” a man said. 17. A. working B. shopping C. jogging 18. A. lay down B. looked around C. cheered up 19. A. new B. expensive C. dangerous 20. A. shape B. form C. hope 21. A. Loudly B. Unluckily C. Slowly 22. A. decision B. meeting C. moment 23. A. strongest B. cleverest C. saddest 24. A. lost B. burned C. collected 25. A. waste B. raise C. borrow 26. A. thankful B. famous C. prepared 第二节：（共10小题，每小题1分，计10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A new drama movie ____27____ (call) Dear You《给阿嬷的情书》 came out in China on April 30, 2026. It tells a warm story about love, family and old secrets. The movie is directed by Lan Hongchun. Many good actors act in it, ____28____ (include) Li Sitong, Wang Yantong and others. The story is about qiaopi letters. These ____29____ (letter) were written by overseas Chinese to their families, which serve as the main line of the story. The main character is Ye Shurou, ____30____ old woman. She waited for news from her husband for all her life. He left for foreign countries many years ago. Later, her grandson Xiao Wei ____31____ (travel) to Thailand. He wanted to look for his grandfather, who people say was rich. Finally, he found out a ____32____ (surprise) truth: his grandfather died a long time ago. What’s more, the man who wrote letters to Ye Shurou all these years was not her husband, ____33____ a stranger called Xie Nanzhi. People ____34____ (hide) this secret more than 50 years ago. ____35____ the time the truth came out, it moved the whole family, especially Ye Shurou. Many people talk about the movie online. Lots of people say it is one of the ____36____ (big) sad movies of the year. 第四部分 读写综合（共两节，计25分） 第一节：阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，简要回答下列问题。 I’m Henry, and I’m from America. I came to Japan for work a few weeks ago. This was my first time in Japan. One day, some new colleagues (同事) invited me to eat out. At first, I was very happy and tried to learn how to use chopsticks, but later problems started. That day, I had a cold. I felt uncomfortable with my nose, so I turned away from the table and blew (擤) my nose. My colleagues looked at me strangely. They explained to me that in Japan, people shouldn’t blow their noses in public, especially at table. It was not polite. While I was eating, I tried to stick my chopsticks in my bowl of rice. But one of my colleagues said, “Don’t do that! Just leave them on the table.” Later, I was told by my colleagues that leaving the chopsticks in rice means death in Japanese culture. After finishing the meal, I started to feel uncomfortable again, so I left the table and went to the toilet. When I returned, it was nearly time to leave. I noticed there were some small bowls with water on the table. It smelled good and I wondered what it tasted like. So I wanted to drink it before leaving the restaurant. Then I saw some of my colleagues cover their mouths. They were trying not to laugh at me “What’s the matter?” I asked the colleague who was sitting next to me. “The water is for washing your fingers,” he said. For a moment, I didn’t know whether to laugh or cry. 37. What was the matter with Henry that day? _______________________________________________ 38. What does it mean to stick chopsticks in a bowl of rice in Japan? _______________________________________________ 39. What was the water in the bowls used for? _______________________________________________ 40. How many mistakes did Henry make in total that day? _______________________________________________ 41. What are the differences about table manners between Western countries and China? (An example is OK.) _______________________________________________ 42. 第二节：书面表达。 俗话说：“民以食为天”，亨利的故事让人看到了东西方饮食文化的差异，而中国的饮食文化历史悠久，举世闻名，假如你是学生会主席李华，今年暑假一批外国朋友要到你的学校参加文化交流夏令营。作为学生代表，请你以“When in China, Eat as the Chinese Eat”为题，根据表格提示写一篇小短文，向对方介绍去中国家庭聚餐时的餐桌礼仪。 When in China, Eat as the Chinese Eat Before dinner: Manners: wash our hands; wait for the eldest... Reasons: pay attention to health; show respect to... At dinner: Manners: eat with chopsticks; ... Reasons: ... After dinner: Manners: help to clear the table; ... Reasons: ... Meaning of having dinner together: enhance (增强) the sense of happiness; provide a good chance to... 写作要求： 1. 必须包含以上要点，可适当发挥； 2. 语句通顺，语法正确，行文连贯，书写工整； 3. 80词左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）。 When in China, Eat as the Chinese Eat Food is the first necessity of the people. In China, we value the time of having dinner with our family, friends and others. If you’re invited to have dinner in others’ home, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年第二学期八年级过关演练 英语试卷 时量100分钟 满分100分 第一部分 听力技能（共两节，计20分） 第一节（共5小题，每小题1分，计5分） 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. What’s the rule of driving in the man’s country? A. Drive on the right. B. Drive on the left. C. Drive in the middle. 2. What are they talking about? A. A new movie. B. A sports game. C. An earthquake. 3. What did the boy dream last night? A. He was a hero and could fly. B. He could breathe under water. C. He could talk to animals. 4. How much does the girl pay for two piano lessons? A. 100 yuan. B. 150 yuan. C. 200 yuan. 5. Where is the boy? A. In Canada. B. In Australia. C. In China. 第二节（共15小题，每小题1分，计15分） 听下面6段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有2至3个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听材料，回答以下小题。 6. Where did the fire happen? A. On North Street. B. On South Street. C. On East Street. 7. How many people got hurt in the fire? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. 听材料，回答以下小题。 8. What happened to Jack this morning? A. He caught a bad cold. B. He got hurt in an earthquake. C. He lost his way back home. 9. When can Jack leave the hospital? A. Today. B. Tomorrow. C. Two days later. 听材料，回答以下小题。 10. How does Lingling feel? A. Nervous. B. Unhappy. C. Excited. 11. What did Lingling’s mum tell her not to do? A. Eat before dinner. B. Talk loudly at the table. C. Hit an empty bowl with chopsticks. 听材料，回答以下小题。 12. What is Lily going to do this weekend? A. Visit a tea house. B. Read a book about tea. C. Buy some new tea cups. 13. Who invented tea according to the conversation? A. Lu Yu. B. Shen Nong. C. Cha Jing. 14. What does the boy think of the book? A. It is boring. B. It is amazing. C. It is too long. 听材料，回答以下小题。 15. When did the earthquake happen? A. At 6:05 a.m. on January 7th. B. At 6:50 a.m. on January 7th. C. At 5:06 a.m. on January 17th. 16. What were people doing when the earthquake happened? A. Some were sleeping. B. Some were working. C. Some were eating. 17. What can we get from the conversation? A. Linda was watching TV news. B. No one died in the earthquake. C. The weather was cold outside. 听材料，回答以下小题。 18. How long did the snowstorm last? A. 6 hours. B. 8 hours. C. 10 hours. 19. Where did the young volunteers meet? A. At the school gate. B. At the town centre. C. At the police station. 20. What advice does the news give? A. Stay at home and wear warm clothes. B. Go outside and help clean the roads. C. Drive as fast as you can to get to work. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，计30分） 第一节：（共10小题，每小题2分，计10分） (A) 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中,选出最佳选项。 1. What time do Western people usually have dinner? A. At 5:00 in the afternoon. B. Around 7 p.m. or even later. C. Before 7:00 in the afternoon. 2. When might people want to say “I’m sorry, I can’t eat this.”? A. If they are full. B. If they’re given something they don’t like. C. If the hosts keep offering a lot of food to them. 3. Which of the following is helpful when you’re in the west according to the text? A. You can’t eat chicken legs with your fingers. B. You can leave as soon as you’ve finished eating. C. If you don’t know what to do, just watch the others and do as they do. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了西方用餐时的用餐时间、上菜礼仪、拒食方式、用餐工具、餐后习惯等文化要点，核心是“入乡随俗”。 【1题详解】 根据“Meal time”部分中“Dinner = around 7 p.m. or even later.”可知，西方人通常在晚上7点左右或更晚吃晚餐。 【2题详解】 根据“Refusing food”部分中“Given something you don't like? Push it to the edge (边缘) of the plate and leave it there. I'm sorry, I can't eat this.”可知，当被给予不喜欢的食物时，人们可能会说“抱歉，我不能吃这个”。 【3题详解】 根据最后一句“The golden rule: Watch the other people. Do as they do!”可知，在西方时，若不知怎么做，观察他人并模仿他们的做法是有用的。 (B) Since the middle of May 2026, heavy continuous rain has hit southern China. More than 14 provinces and cities like Hunan, Guizhou, Hubei and Chongqing have been greatly affected. The endless heavy rain has caused sudden floods and landslides. A lot of roads, bridges and buildings were badly damaged. Some local weather stations broke their rainfall records in history. In certain areas, the daily rainfall was over 300 millimeters. It was far more than the common monthly rainfall in usual years. The terrible weather trapped hundreds of villagers in mountainous and low areas. Several towns lost traffic and electric power. To deal with the serious natural disaster, the government carried out flood control plans in southern areas. Rescuers, firefighters and volunteers rushed to the disaster areas day and night. They not only saved trapped people, but also provided daily goods for isolated villages. These materials helped local people live a normal life during the hard time. Weather experts explain that global warming leads to more bad weather. As the air temperature rises, more water evaporates (蒸发) into the air. As a result, heavy rain becomes much more frequent in rainy seasons. We are unable to stop natural disasters. However, we can raise our sense of safety. Listen to weather reports in time, keep away from low places on rainy days, and learn some simple self-protection skills. All of these ways can help us avoid possible danger. 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。 4. Which sentence is true according to the passage? A. Only four provinces were influenced by the rain. B. Some places broke the past rainfall records. C. The heavy rain lasted for less than seven days. 5. What can we infer from the text? A. Human activities may cause more terrible weather. B. Low land is the safest place during floods. C. Villagers need no food supplies after disasters. 6. The underlined word “isolated” means ________. A. 与外界隔绝的 B. 热闹繁华的 C. 交通便利的 7. What is the best title of the article? A. The Long History of Natural Disasters B. Recent Rain Disaster and Safety Suggestions C. The Changes of Weather in All Seasons 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. A 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了2026年5月中国南方遭遇的持续强降雨灾害，包括灾害造成的影响、各方的应对措施，以及暴雨频发的原因和应对自然灾害的安全建议。 【4题详解】 根据第二段第一句“Some local weather stations broke their rainfall records in history.”可知，一些地方的气象站打破了历史降雨记录。 【5题详解】 根据第四段“Weather experts explain that global warming leads to more bad weather.”可知，全球变暖会导致更糟糕的天气，而全球变暖主要是人类活动造成的，所以推断人类活动可能引发更糟糕的天气。 【6题详解】 根据划线词所在句的上文“Several towns lost traffic and electric power.”，可知这些村庄因灾害导致交通中断，失去电力供应，猜测应是与外界隔绝。 【7题详解】 文章前四段主要描述了2026年5月以来南方发生的暴雨灾害及其成因，最后一段提出了应对灾害的安全建议。所以B选项“最近的雨灾及安全建议”最能概括全文主旨。 (C) Important Things to Know When Dining Out Cultural dining manners might surprise you with some rules. Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake when dining out. Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family—no matter where you are in the world. Chopstick Rules The way you hold chopsticks is important to avoid making others uncomfortable. When you put them down between bites, always put them down together. Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you put them on the table. Hands or Utensils (餐具) In India and the Middle East, it’s considered rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. Mexicans consider it impolite to eat with utensils. Instead, they prefer to use their hands. In Chile, you may never touch any food with your fingers. Making Requests It may seem like a small thing to ask for salt and pepper at a meal. In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don’t like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food. Some of these cultural dining manners may seem strange, but they are important in various countries. The more time you spend in a country, the more comfortable you will feel with its culture. 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中,选出最佳选项。 8. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Different dining manners in different cultures. B. How to use chopsticks correctly in daily life. C. The bad habits while having dinner abroad. 9. According to the passage, which of the following is impolite when using chopsticks? A. Putting them down together between bites. B. Sticking them upright in your food. C. Using them to pick up vegetables. 10. What is not allowed in Italy? A. Asking for salt during meals. B. Using hands to eat food. C. Asking for extra cheese on food. 11. What can we infer from the passage? A. Left-hand eating is rude in Chile. B. Travelers should respect local dining culture. C. People all over the world have similar table manners. 【答案】8. A 9. B 10. C 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了不同文化中用餐礼仪的差异，涵盖筷子使用规则、餐具或用手进食习惯、提出用餐请求的文化禁忌等内容。 【8题详解】 文章标题为“外出就餐时需要知道的重要事项”，正文分别介绍了筷子使用规则、不同国家对手或餐具的使用习惯以及提出请求的禁忌。全文围绕不同文化背景下的餐饮礼仪展开。 【9题详解】 根据“Chopstick Rules”部分中“Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you put them on the table.”可知，把筷子直立插在食物中是不礼貌的。A项是推荐做法，C项是正常用法。 【10题详解】 根据“Making Requests”部分中“Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food.”可知，在意大利不允许要求往食物中添加额外的奶酪。A项是葡萄牙的禁忌。 【11题详解】 文章开头提到“Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal... no matter where you are in the world.”，结尾也强调这些礼仪很重要，随着时间推移会适应当地文化。由此可推断，旅行者应该尊重当地的饮食文化。A项智利禁忌是用手指触碰食物；C项与文中列举的多种不同习惯相悖。 第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，计10分） 阅读下面的短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项补全短文。 If you have ever been to Germany, you might find that its tipping (小费) culture is quite different. Tipping is not a traditional custom in China. ____12____ It’s important to be clear that tipping is a part of daily life in Germany. ____13____ Tipping is to express your thanks for the workers’ hard work. Usually, it’s the guests who decide how much they tip. In restaurants and beauty centres, guests usually tip 5% to 10% of the total bill. ____14____ And sometimes guests give small gifts in return. ____15____ Unlike in other countries, you do not leave the tip on the table. When your food server brings the bill, you need to leave a tip to let him or her know how you will be paying. Once your food server is ready to collect your payment, you should tell him or her the total amount you wish to pay. ____16____ Otherwise, he or she will arrive at your table, ready to collect the amount on your bill. A. So how do you leave a tip in Germany? B. However, it is popular to tip in Germany. C. As for coffee shops, guests can give as much as they want. D. When you are satisfied with the service, you can give a tip. E. You have to be quick to let your server know that you will be leaving a tip. 【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. A 16. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了德国的小费文化，包括小费的普遍性、给予场合、金额比例以及具体的支付方式，并与中国习俗进行了对比。 【12题详解】 文章第一段“Tipping is not a traditional custom in China.”指出给小费不是中国的传统习俗，可知此处语境发生转折，需介绍德国的情况。选项B“而，在德国给小费很流行”与前文形成对比，符合语境。 【13题详解】 根据文章第二段“It’s important to be clear that tipping is a part of daily life in Germany.”以及后文“Tipping is to express your thanks...”可知，此处应说明给小费的条件。选项D“当你对服务满意时，你可以给小费。”承上启下，解释了何时给小费。 【14题详解】 根据文章第三段“In restaurants and beauty centres, guests usually tip 5% to 10% of the total bill.”可知，此处正在列举不同场所的小费习惯。选项C“至于咖啡店，客人想给多少就给多少。”补充了另一种场所的情况，符合逻辑。 【15题详解】 根据文章第四段后文“Unlike in other countries, you do not leave the tip on the table.”可知本段主要讲述具体的给小费方法。选项A“那么在德国如何给小费呢？”作为主题句引出下文的具体操作。 【16题详解】 根据文章第四段“Otherwise, he or she will arrive at your table, ready to collect the amount on your bill.”可知，此处强调要及时告知服务员意图。选项E“你必须快点让服务员知道你要给小费。”与后文的“Otherwise”形成逻辑对应。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，计25分） 第一节：（共10小题，每小题1.5分，计15分） 通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 It was Labor Day. Brian’s parents Kelly and Jay Omar went out ____17____, leaving their five children at home. They went to a shopping mall nearby. Brian is the oldest kid. He told the reporter, “One of my sisters just mentioned the house was thick with smoke. Then we ____18____ in surprise and found that the playpen (幼儿围栏) was on fire. My first thought was to get my four sisters out of the house. So I acted quickly and helped my four sisters leave the ____19____ house.” After making sure his sisters were all safe, the 13-year-old boy tried putting out the fire in the ____20____ of saving their home. But the fire was burning strongly at that time. ____21____, the family finally lost their home in the fire. “It was a scary ____22____. I was still at my desk when I got the call,” Kelly told the reporter. “If my son had not taken actions like that, I would have been the ____23____ person in the world.” The family ____24____ all the things in the fire. Some friends created a GoFundMe account to ____25____ some money for the Omar family. Then the family could buy some clothes and food. The family was really ____26____ for what those kind people did. “Very little of the house remained after the fire, but nobody got hurt. That’s the silver lining of the accident,” a man said. 17. A. working B. shopping C. jogging 18. A. lay down B. looked around C. cheered up 19. A. new B. expensive C. dangerous 20. A. shape B. form C. hope 21. A. Loudly B. Unluckily C. Slowly 22. A. decision B. meeting C. moment 23. A. strongest B. cleverest C. saddest 24. A. lost B. burned C. collected 25. A. waste B. raise C. borrow 26. A. thankful B. famous C. prepared 【答案】17. B 18. B 19. C 20. C 21. B 22. C 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. A 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述劳动节少年Brian发现家中着火，迅速救出四个妹妹，虽失去家园但家人平安，朋友募捐相助，家人心怀感激的故事。 【17题详解】 句意：劳动节那天，Brian的父母Kelly和Jay Omar外出购物，把五个孩子留在家里。 后文提到“They went to a shopping mall nearby.”，shopping“购物”符合语境；working“工作”、jogging“慢跑”均不符合语境。 【18题详解】 句意：然后我们惊讶地环顾四周，发现幼儿围栏着火了。 闻到烟味后，孩子们会环顾四周寻找火源，looked around“环顾四周”符合语境；lay down“躺下”、cheered up“振作起来”均不符合语境。 【19题详解】 句意：所以我迅速行动，帮我的四个妹妹离开了危险的房子。 房子着火了，所以是危险的，dangerous“危险的”符合语境；new“新的”、expensive“昂贵的”均不符合语境。 【20题详解】 句意：在确保妹妹们都安全后，这个13岁的男孩试图灭火，希望能保住他们的家。 固定搭配in the hope of意为“怀着……的希望”，hope符合语境；shape“形状”、form“形式”均不符合搭配。 【21题详解】 句意：不幸的是，火势当时很猛，这家人最终在火灾中失去了他们的家。 火势凶猛，房子没能保住，Unluckily“不幸地” 符合语境；Loudly“大声地”、Slowly“缓慢地”均不符合语境。 【22题详解】 句意：那是一个可怕的时刻。 火灾发生、失去家园是令人害怕的时刻，moment“时刻” 符合语境；decision“决定”、meeting“会议”均不符合语境。 【23题详解】 句意：如果我的儿子没有那样做，我会是世界上最伤心的人。 如果孩子出事，妈妈会非常伤心，saddest“最伤心的” 符合语境；strongest“最强壮的”、cleverest“最聪明的”均不符合语境。 【24题详解】 句意：这家人在火灾中失去了所有的东西。 火灾导致物品被毁，lost“失去” 符合语境；burned“燃烧”、collected“收集”均不符合语境。 【25题详解】 句意：一些朋友创建了GoFundMe账户，为Omar一家筹集一些钱。 GoFundMe是众筹平台，raise money意为“筹钱”，raise符合语境；waste“浪费”、borrow“借”均不符合语境。 【26题详解】 句意：这家人真的很感激那些好心人的帮助。 别人的帮助让他们心怀感激，thankful“感激的”符合语境；famous“著名的”、prepared“准备好的”均不符合语境。 第二节：（共10小题，每小题1分，计10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A new drama movie ____27____ (call) Dear You《给阿嬷的情书》 came out in China on April 30, 2026. It tells a warm story about love, family and old secrets. The movie is directed by Lan Hongchun. Many good actors act in it, ____28____ (include) Li Sitong, Wang Yantong and others. The story is about qiaopi letters. These ____29____ (letter) were written by overseas Chinese to their families, which serve as the main line of the story. The main character is Ye Shurou, ____30____ old woman. She waited for news from her husband for all her life. He left for foreign countries many years ago. Later, her grandson Xiao Wei ____31____ (travel) to Thailand. He wanted to look for his grandfather, who people say was rich. Finally, he found out a ____32____ (surprise) truth: his grandfather died a long time ago. What’s more, the man who wrote letters to Ye Shurou all these years was not her husband, ____33____ a stranger called Xie Nanzhi. People ____34____ (hide) this secret more than 50 years ago. ____35____ the time the truth came out, it moved the whole family, especially Ye Shurou. Many people talk about the movie online. Lots of people say it is one of the ____36____ (big) sad movies of the year. 【答案】27. called 28. including 29. letters 30. an 31. travelled##traveled 32. surprising 33. but 34. hid 35. By 36. biggest 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了电影《给阿嬷的情书》的基本信息与剧情梗概，讲述了一封封侨批信件背后跨越时空的温情故事，展现了爱、家庭与善意的力量。 【27题详解】 句意：一部名为《给阿嬷的情书》的新剧情片于2026年4月30日在中国上映。此处用过去分词作后置定语，修饰名词movie，表示被动含义“被叫做……的”，call的过去分词为called。 【28题详解】 句意：许多优秀演员参演了这部电影，包括李司彤、王砚彤等人。此处用介词including表示“包括”，用于列举前面提到的“many good actors”的具体例子。 【29题详解】 句意：这些信件是由海外华人写给家人的，它们构成了故事的主线。these后接可数名词复数，letter的复数形式为letters。 【30题详解】 句意：主角是叶淑柔，一位老妇人。此处表示“一位”，old以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an。 【31题详解】 句意：后来，她的孙子小威去了泰国旅行。根据上下文的过去时态，此处描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，travel的过去式为travelled或traveled。 【32题详解】 句意：最后，他发现了一个令人惊讶的真相。此处用形容词修饰名词truth，surprise的形容词形式surprising表示“令人惊讶的”符合语境。 【33题详解】 句意：而且，这些年来给叶淑柔写信的人并不是她的丈夫，而是一个叫谢南枝的陌生人。固定搭配not...but...表示“不是……而是……”，but符合句意。 【34题详解】 句意：人们在50多年前就把这个秘密藏了起来。根据时间状语“more than 50 years ago”，此处描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，hide的过去式为hid。 【35题详解】 句意：当真相大白的时候，它感动了全家人，尤其是叶淑柔。固定搭配by the time表示“到……的时候”，句首首字母需大写，故填By。 【36题详解】 句意：很多人说它是今年最悲伤的电影之一。固定结构“one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词”表示“最……之一”，big的最高级为biggest。 第四部分 读写综合（共两节，计25分） 第一节：阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，简要回答下列问题。 I’m Henry, and I’m from America. I came to Japan for work a few weeks ago. This was my first time in Japan. One day, some new colleagues (同事) invited me to eat out. At first, I was very happy and tried to learn how to use chopsticks, but later problems started. That day, I had a cold. I felt uncomfortable with my nose, so I turned away from the table and blew (擤) my nose. My colleagues looked at me strangely. They explained to me that in Japan, people shouldn’t blow their noses in public, especially at table. It was not polite. While I was eating, I tried to stick my chopsticks in my bowl of rice. But one of my colleagues said, “Don’t do that! Just leave them on the table.” Later, I was told by my colleagues that leaving the chopsticks in rice means death in Japanese culture. After finishing the meal, I started to feel uncomfortable again, so I left the table and went to the toilet. When I returned, it was nearly time to leave. I noticed there were some small bowls with water on the table. It smelled good and I wondered what it tasted like. So I wanted to drink it before leaving the restaurant. Then I saw some of my colleagues cover their mouths. They were trying not to laugh at me “What’s the matter?” I asked the colleague who was sitting next to me. “The water is for washing your fingers,” he said. For a moment, I didn’t know whether to laugh or cry. 37. What was the matter with Henry that day? _______________________________________________ 38. What does it mean to stick chopsticks in a bowl of rice in Japan? _______________________________________________ 39. What was the water in the bowls used for? _______________________________________________ 40. How many mistakes did Henry make in total that day? _______________________________________________ 41. What are the differences about table manners between Western countries and China? (An example is OK.) _______________________________________________ 42. 第二节：书面表达。 俗话说：“民以食为天”，亨利的故事让人看到了东西方饮食文化的差异，而中国的饮食文化历史悠久，举世闻名，假如你是学生会主席李华，今年暑假一批外国朋友要到你的学校参加文化交流夏令营。作为学生代表，请你以“When in China, Eat as the Chinese Eat”为题，根据表格提示写一篇小短文，向对方介绍去中国家庭聚餐时的餐桌礼仪。 When in China, Eat as the Chinese Eat Before dinner: Manners: wash our hands; wait for the eldest... Reasons: pay attention to health; show respect to... At dinner: Manners: eat with chopsticks; ... Reasons: ... After dinner: Manners: help to clear the table; ... Reasons: ... Meaning of having dinner together: enhance (增强) the sense of happiness; provide a good chance to... 写作要求： 1. 必须包含以上要点，可适当发挥； 2. 语句通顺，语法正确，行文连贯，书写工整； 3. 80词左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）。 When in China, Eat as the Chinese Eat Food is the first necessity of the people. In China, we value the time of having dinner with our family, friends and others. If you’re invited to have dinner in others’ home, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】37. He had a cold. 38. It means death. 39. It was used for washing fingers. 40. Three./3. 41. In Western countries, people usually use knives and forks to eat, while in China, people usually use chopsticks. (答案不唯一) 42. 例文： When in China, Eat as the Chinese Eat Food is the first necessity of the people. In China, we value the time of having dinner with our family, friends and others. If you’re invited to have dinner in others’ home, here are some manners you should know. Before dinner, wash your hands to keep healthy and wait for the eldest to start eating to show respect. At dinner, use chopsticks properly and share food politely with others. After dinner, you can help clear the table and express thanks to the host. Having dinner together enhances our sense of happiness and offers a great chance to communicate with family and friends. Hope you enjoy your meals in China! 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国人Henry第一次去日本，和同事在外面吃饭时因为不懂日本的餐桌礼仪而犯了几个错误的故事。 【37题详解】 文章第二段提到“That day, I had a cold.”，可直接提取信息作答。 【38题详解】 文章第三段提到“Later, I was told by my colleagues that leaving the chopsticks in rice means death in Japanese culture.”，可直接提取信息作答。 【39题详解】 文章第四段提到“The water is for washing your fingers.”，可直接提取信息作答。 【40题详解】 根据文章内容可知，Henry当天一共犯了三个错误：一是在餐桌上擤鼻涕，二是把筷子插在米饭里，三是想喝洗手指的水。 【41题详解】 本题为开放性问题，答案不唯一。要求写出中西方餐桌礼仪的一个不同点。结合生活常识，西方人通常用刀叉吃饭，而中国人通常用筷子。 【42题详解】 写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：说明文，以一般现在时为主 明确要点：用餐前礼仪、用餐时礼仪、用餐后礼仪、聚餐的意义 确定人称：第二人称 (you/your)、第一人称 (I/we) 注意事项：80词左右，开头已给出，需包含表格所有要点，语句通顺 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：承接开头句，引出中国餐桌礼仪介绍 主体段：分用餐前、用餐时、用餐后三部分介绍礼仪及原因 结尾段：说明聚餐的意义，发出祝愿 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：餐前礼仪 礼仪：wash your hands/wait for the eldest to start eating/wait for the eldest person to sit down first before we take our seats等 原因：keep healthy/show respect/shows we pay attention to health等 要点二：餐中礼仪 礼仪：use chopsticks properly/share food politely with others/never stick them upright in the rice bowl/ try every dish and praise the cook等 要点三：餐后礼仪 礼仪：help clear the table/express thanks to the host/say “thank you” and help clear the table等 要点四：聚餐意义 意义：enhances our sense of happiness/offers a great chance to communicate with family and friends/gives us a good chance to share love and care等 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $