Unit 3 Reading language points2025-2026学年高中英语译林版选择性必修第二册

该高中英语课件围绕“基因组编辑”主题，系统梳理相关核心词汇（如affect, contract, identify）、语法点（否定词+比较级表最高级、as的多用法等）及短语，通过Review填空激活旧知，再分段落解析文本，构建从基础语言知识到复杂语用能力的学习支架。 其亮点在于融合语言能力培养与思维品质提升，通过词汇辨析（如affect/effect/affection）、语法多情境示例（as引导不同从句）及道德问题讨论（如“设计婴儿”），引导学生分析评价。“Practice makes perfect”环节提供多样化练习，助力学生主动运用学习策略，教师可借此高效开展语言教学与思维训练，提升学生综合语言运用能力。

Reading(Ⅱ）language points XB2 Unit 3 Fit for life ___ is known to all, genome editing brings many exciting possibilities to the world. Genes play __ critical role in shaping our lives. Our personal genome carries all the information _______ (need) to make us grow and develop. Also it contains information _____ helps determine our lifespan and _____(affect) our chances of contracting certain diseases. By correcting, deleting or replacing specific parts of the genetic materials, _________ (gene) hope to apply the technology of genome editing to help with _____ disease treatment and prevention. _________, questions arise about how to use genome editing_____________(appropriate). ________ the public argument genome editing is one of the greatest innovations in the history of science. As a needed that affect geneticists both However appropriately Despite Review Fill in the blanks with proper words in the right form. Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen. Thank you all for coming to this lecture. Over the course of my career, I have seen many wonderful scientific developments, but none are as game-changing as genome editing. I am full of excitement about the possibilities this scientific advance can bring and I hope to share my excitement with you today. 女士们，先生们，下午好！谢谢大家来听这个讲座。在我的职业生涯中，我见证了许多了不起的科学发展，但没有一个能像基因组编辑那样具有颠覆性。我对这一科学进步能带来的可能性感到万分激动，我希望今天能与你们分享我激动的心情。 Para 1 ( ) 定语从句 ) 在...的过程中 No disease is so common as colds. 在所有疾病中，感冒是最常见的。 否定词（not, never, nothing, no) +形容词或副词比较级（+than），表示最高级含义 改变游戏规则的（全新的、颠覆性的 ） The news couldn’t have come at a ________ (good) time. 这消息来得在再及时不过了。 Mr Black is very happy because the clothes made in his factory have never been ______ (much) popular. 布莱克先生非常高兴，因为他工厂里生产的衣服从未如此受人欢迎。 She likes nothing better than a nice walk along the beach. There is no doubt that artificial intelligence is game-changing to people’s life. better more Practice makes perfect 她最喜欢沿着海滩愉快地散步。 毫无疑问，人工智能在彻底改变人们的生活。 As many of you may already know, genes play a critical role in shaping our lives. Everything from the color of our eyes to our talent for maths depends on genes. The complete set of genes inside a cell or a living being is called a genome. Our personal genome carries all the information needed to make us grow and develop.It also contains information that helps determine our lifespan and affects our chances of contracting certain diseases. 你们很多人可能已经知道,基因在塑造我们的生活中起着至关重要的作用。从眼睛的颜色到我们的数学天赋，一切都取决于基因。一个细胞或生物体内的整套基因被称为基因组。我们的个人基因组携带着使我们成长和发展所需的所有信息。还包含了有助于决定我们寿命长短和影响我们患某些疾病概率的信息。 Para 2 在...中起着关键作用 取决于，依赖 n. 细胞 有机体，生物 As（关系代词）引导非限制性定语从句，意为“正如”。 ( ) 过去分词作后置定语 =that is needed adj. 某些，某个，特定的 v. 感染 v. 影响 affect vt.影响;侵袭,使感染;深深打动 affect sb./ sth. be affected by…受……影响 affection n. 喜爱；感情；影响 effect n. effective adj. affecting adj. 感人的,动人的 affected adj. 受到影响的;做作的;假装的 have a great affection for… 非常喜欢… have an effect on sth= affect sth 对…有影响 The bad weather affected our picnic plans. Many students are affected by the pressure of exams. Eating too much junk food can have a bad effect on your health. I have a great affection for classic literature. With the government's aid, those people affected by theearthquake have moved to the new settlements. People were deeply affected by the news of the famous scientist Yuan Longping’s death. The disease affects millions of people in the world every year. vt.(感情上)深深打动;使悲伤(或怜悯等) vt. (疾病)侵袭,使感染 vt. 影响 Practice makes perfect 1. There were many people who came to the _________(affect) area to help and volunteer.  2. What kind of education can be “meaningful” to young people affected ______conflict?  3. Smoke affects the flow of blood to the brain. →Smoke ________________the flow of blood to the brain.  affected　 by has an effect on Unfortunately, he contracted cancer at a very young age. They have just contracted our company to build shelters for the homeless. You shouldn’t enter into/make a contract until you have studied its provisions carefully. New research shows that an excess(过量) of salt can contract muscles. contract vt. ① 感染疾病 contract a disease / virus ② vi & vt. 缩小,收缩 ③与…订立合同(契约) contracted sb. to do n. 合同，合约 enter into/ make/ sign a contract with sb 与…订立合同(契约) 感染疾病 合同 收缩 vt. 识别，辨认；发现；确认 identification n.鉴定，识别；认同 identity n. 身份 identical adj. 完全同样的 Scientists have identified a link between diet and cancer. 科学家发现了饮食与癌症之间的关联。 Geneticists have been trying to identify which genes relate to which diseases, as they believe genome editing is an effective means of disease treatment and prevention. (L14) Para 3 ( ) 宾语从句 as引导原因状语从句 有关，涉及 有效手段 遗传学家一直在试图确定哪些基因与哪些疾病相关，因为他们相信基因组编辑是治疗和预防疾病的有效手段。 identify…as…认出……是… identify with… 与……有同感/产生共鸣 be identical to…… 和……一样的 identification card 身份证 ①The early _________________(identify) of children with special educational needs is very important.  ②People who had identified themselves ______not wealthy were more likely to listen to and look at the stranger.  ③ Nowadays, everyone has an ________ card and the number on it is never _________ with the others. The police can _________who you are by it. (identify) 翻译：你需要明确自己的优势并专注于这些方面。 You need to identify your strengths and concentrate on them. identity identification identical identify as Practice makes perfect (2)relation n.关系；联系；亲戚 (3)relative n.亲属，亲戚 adj.相对的，相关的 他说的话与讨论的问题无关。 His remarks didn't relate to the topic under discussion. (1) A relate to B=A be related to B A和B相关 把A和B联系起来 relate A to B It is difficult to relate his argument 　　　　the facts. In the future, pay increases will ___________ productivity. He _______(relate) the facts of the case _____ journalists. to be related to related to relate to 涉及，与……相关 She relates her childhood experiences in the first chapters. We seek to improve relations between our two countries. She made a resolution to visit her relatives more often. Economic reform has brought relative wealth to peasant farmers. (v. 描述） (n. 关系） (n. 亲戚） (adj. 相对的） by all means by no means by means of He came first in the writing competition by means of hard work. It is by no means accidental. mean(meant,meant)　 meaning　 meaningful　 means n.(单复数同形)手段，方式 尽一切办法，务必 绝不 借助；依靠 v. ____________________ 意思是；意味着；意欲 adj. 吝啬刻薄的 n. ________ 意思；意义 adj. ____________ 意味深长的 他通过努力在写作比赛中获得了第一名。 事出有因。 means 单复数同形 means 作主语，被every，each 等修饰时，谓语动词用单数形式; 被all, several, many 等修饰时，谓语动词用复数形式。 〝用这种方法"的表达还有： in this way with this method in this manner 特别提醒 All possible means have been tried, but not every means works. 所有可能的方法都尝试过了，但并不是每一种方法都奏效。 单句语法填空 (1). We are likely to finish the task ahead of time _____ means of our hard work. (2). The girl is overweight. She tries to lose weight by means of __________ (keep) a balanced diet. (3). All means _____________ (try ) so far to contact him but in vain. (4). ______ no means shall I make an apology to him. After all he was at fault. by keeping have been tried By Practice makes perfect It allows geneticists to make changes to the genome by correcting, adding, deleting or replacing specific parts of the genetic material. In the near future, geneticists help to apply this technology to treat a wide range of health problems. apply sth. to sth. 把……应用到 apply to sb./sth. for sth. 向……申请… apply oneself (to sth/to doing sth) 全神贯注于做某事 application n.申请；应用 applicant n.申请人 它允许遗传学家通过纠正、增加、删除或替换遗传物质的特定部分的方式对基因组进行修改。在不久的将来，遗传学家希望将这项技术应用于治疗广泛的健康问题。 把...应用于 大范围的，多种多样的 Para 3 The advertisement for engineers on the Internet attracted many ___________(apply). The man’s ___________(apply) for membership of the club was turned down. Apply the cream evenly ________ your face and neck. applicants application to Practice makes perfect. Adv. 均匀地、相等地 Soon we may be able to use such treatments to restore a blind person's vision or give someone who was born deaf an excellent sense of hearing. Ultimately, this new technology might even make it possible to prevent diseases from ever developing by correcting abnormal genes early on. (L21) 也许我们很快就能利用这些方法来恢复盲人的视力，或者让先天性耳聋的人拥有敏锐的听力。最终这项新技术甚至可以通过早期纠正不正常的基因使阻止疾病发展成为可能。基因组编辑,作为抗击疾病的新武器，将会导致我们的医疗保健方式产生根本性的改变。 Para 3 ( 定语从句 ) adv. 最终 Genome editing,serving as a new weapon in the fight against diseases, will lead to a fundamental change in our approach to health care.(L22) 真正宾语 形式宾语 V-ing短语做状语 根本性的，基本的 方式 恢复 As the technology continues to develop at a fast pace, however, questions arise about how to use it appropriately. (line 25) (1)arise from/out of 由……引起，产生于 (2)arouse vt. 激发 arouse one's interest/curiosity (3) raise vt.举起；提高；提出(问题)；筹集；养育 【及物】 raise one's awareness of... 提升某人的……意识 (4)rise vi. 上升，增长 【不及物动词】 Vi：产生、出现 同义词：occur Para 4 然而，随着这一技术不断迅速发展，出现了如何合理使用它的问题。 随着.....,引时间状语从句 快速地 arise-arose-arisen 辨析比较： arise/ arose/ arisen vi. 发生，出现；由...引起 rise/ rose/ risen vi. 升起，上升 raise/ raised/ raised vt. 举起；提出(问题)；饲养，抚养；筹集 raise one's awareness of... 提升某人的……意识 语法填空： 1).The price of vegetable ______________ (rise) sharply since last month. 2).The problems _______ (arise) from the generation gap led to the quarrel. 3)._______(raise) in a poor and single-parent family, the boy is shy and sensitive. 4).He recognized that most of his mistakes arose _______nervousness in the exam. 5). She _______ (raise ) her head and stared at them. has risen arising Raised from raised 6. Do as the Romans do when in Rome. 7. Child as he is，he knows a lot. 1. ..., but none are as game-changing as genome editing.(L4) 连词，方式状语从句,按照,“以……的方式” 连词，让步状语从句，“尽管， 虽然”，必须构成倒装。 as +adj/adv+as 副词,“和...一样...” 5. As the technology continues to develop at a fast pace, .... (L 25) 2. As many of you may already know, ...(L6) 3. Geneticists have been trying to identify ..., as they believe ... (L14) 连词，时间状语从句, 有“随着”的含义。 As（关系代词）引导非限制性定语从句，意为“正如”。 4. Genome editing, serving as a new weapon... (L22) 介词，“作为” 连词，原因状语从句,“因为” As 的用法 as主要有两种词性，分别为介词和连词。as作为介词时，用法和语义较单一，其含义为“作为”。但是as作为连词词性时，其用法和功能较多，可以引导各类从句，如定语从句和多种状语从句。 21 With our society growing older，we need the contributions of our older citizens. →_________________________________，we need the contributions of our older citizens. Although it was raining heavily outside，they started out very early. →_________________________________，they started out very early. It is known to all that a good learning environment is vital if we want to study English well. →________________，a good learning environment is vital if we want to study English well. 当我在公交站点等车的时候，我偶遇了老朋友们。 _________________________________________________________________ As our society grows older Heavily as it was raining outside As we all know As I waited at a bus stop，I ran into/came across my old friends. Practice makes perfect. Should we restrict our use of this technology to the treatment and prevention of diseases?（L26） restrict vt.限制,限定;束缚,妨碍;约束,管束 restrict sth. to sb. / sth. 将……限定到…… restricted adj.有限的；受限制的；受控制的 be restricted to sb 局限于某人 restriction n.限制，约束；限制法规 make restrictions on 对……有限制 Para 4 我们是否应该将这种技术的使用限制在治疗和预防疾病方面? The new law _________ smoking in public places. 2. In future we will restrict class sizes ____ 20 students. 3. There are ____________ on what you can bring into our school. 4. The competition is 　　　　　 (restrict) to players under the age of 23.  Practice makes perfect. restricts to restrictions restricted Should we prohibit geneticists from using it to enhance healthy bodies? （尤指以法令）禁止≈ban Para 4 我们是否应该禁止遗传学家使用它(基因组编辑技术)来使健康的身体更加强健？ v. 加强，增加 prohibit/ban sb. from doing sth. prohibit/ban > forbid > prevent prohibit/ban doing sth; 禁止做某事 禁止某人做某事 ban sb. from ( doing) sth. keep sb. from doing sth. prevent sb. (from) doing sth. stop sb. (from) doing sth. prohibition n. [U] [(尤指通过法律的）禁止，阻止；[C]禁令，禁律 One day soon, we will be able to use genetic editing to increase the human resistance to colds and flus, to make people taller, to help their muscles develop faster, to sharpen all of their senses or to make them more intelligent. (L 29) We will also be able to select specific characteristics for children before they are born, creating what some have called “designer babies”.(L31) Para 4 n. 抵抗力，反抗 v. （使）变锋利，改善，提高 n. 感官 不久的将来，我们将能够使用基因组编辑来增强人类对感冒和流感的抵抗力，使人长高，帮助他们的肌肉更快地发育,使他们所有的感官更加敏镜，或使他们更加聪明。 to 不定式短语的平行结构，层层深入列举基因组编辑对人类未来的影响 时间状语从句 现在分词做结果状语 宾语从句 (1)resistance to sb/sth 对...的反抗/抵抗力 (2)resist v.抵抗，抗拒 resist doing sth. (3) resistant adj. 抵制的；有抵抗力的 Jim觉得很难抵挡逃课的诱惑。 Jim found it hard to resist the temptation to miss the class. It is the easiest of crops to grow and is seemingly __________ (resist) to any disease. resistant Para 4 resistance n. 抵抗力，反抗 Philosophers, geneticists and government officials have all started to wrestle with such moral issues. We have to figure out how to keep the technology from running wild. This means putting appropriate controls in place to make sure that genome editing will work to our advantage. (L35) Without them, genome editing could be as dangerous as a car out of control.(L32) Para 4 哲学家、遗传学家和政府官员都已开始全力解决这样的道德问题。我们必须想办法防止技术失控。这意味着适当的管制要准备到位以确保基因组编辑会对我们有利。没有它们，基因组编辑就会像失去控制的车一样危险。 keep sth from doing sth 阻止....做某事 弄清楚，计算出，解决 mean doing… 意味着 put...in place 准备就绪 work/be to one's advantage 对……有利 含蓄虚拟语气 失控 run wild 失控 Para 5 There is still much to be explored and debated on the subject of genome editing. Despite the public argument over this technology, its possibilities have been creating much excitement throughout the entire medical community and beyond.(L40) Without doubt, genome editing is one of the greatest inventions in the history of science. Thank you for listening. 有待探索和讨论 涉及；关于...话题 在基因组编辑这个同题上还有很多有待探索和争论的地方。尽管公众对这项技术存在争议，但它的可能性已经在整个医学界和其他领域引起了极大的兴奋。毫无疑问，基因组编辑是科学史上最伟大的创新之一。谢谢大家的聆听。 尽管(+n.) Although there is public argument over this technology, 毫无疑问 no doubt 无疑，很可能 have any/no doubt about..怀疑/不怀疑…… There is no doubt that...毫无疑问…… There is some doubt whether/if...怀疑是否…… debate sth with sb 与某人辩论某事 debate oneself 仔细考虑;思考 1. 科学进步 2. 在…中起关键作用 3. 决定我们的寿命 4. 使某人更有可能怎么样 5. 感染一种病毒 6. 得癌症 7. 恢复盲人的视力 8. 天生耳聋 9. 早期 10. 作为抗击疾病斗争中的新武器 11. 保健 scientific advances（L4） play a critical role in (doing) sth(L6) make sb more likely to do sth(L12) catch a virus (L12) determine our lifespan (L10) develop a cancer (L12) be born deaf (L20) early on (L22) restore a blind person’s vision (L19) serve as a new weapon in the fight against disease(L23) health care (L24) 12.带来本质上的改变 13. 快速发展 14. 限制/限定为…… 15. 强健体魄 16. 对...的抵抗（力） 17. 使感官变灵敏 18. 道德伦理问题 19. 阻止...疯狂发展 20. 让...准备就绪 21. 对...有利 22. 涉及……时(para5) 23. 遍及整个医学界乃至更广泛领域 24. 无疑 lead to a fundamental change（L23） develop at a fast pace(L25) restrict sth to ...(L27) enhance healthy bodies (L28) resistance to sth(L29) sharpen senses(L30) moral issues(L34) keep sth from running wild(L35) put …in place(L35-36) to one’s advantage(L36-37) without doubt(L42) throughout the entire medical community and beyond (L41) on the subject of(L39) 1. My father used to be an amateur _______(wrestle) and national champion.  2. He hoped she would remove that __________(prohibit) soon.  3. The government placed __________(restrict) on the number of foreign cars that could be imported.  4. Regarding your inquiry, I’m writing to share with you some ______(relate) information.  5. There’s a close _______(identify) between fans and their team.  6. She envied our family atmosphere where our parents showed us much ________(affect).   wrestler prohibition 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 restrictions related identity affection Practice makes perfect. 1. ___________ classical music, he still reigns supreme.  2. The road ________ an approach to the mountainous villages. 3. Nobody knew that the boss had spent the whole week ____________ the problem. 4. His success ________ his hard work 5. There is a strong possibility that man will mainly ________ solar energy in the future.  6. Governments need to offer the young _____________ options after school. wrestling with In the field of 二、用所给短语的适当形式填空 serves as is tied to depend on a wide range of depend on; a wide range of ; serve as; wrestle with; in the field of; be tied to Practice makes perfect. The News report below is about the discovery of genetic markers that are tied to lifespans. Complete the news report with the correct forms of the words and phrases in the box below. B1 pace means identify wrestle with cell fundamental affect without doubt This week, a team of scientists based in Switzerland announced the discovery of sixteen genetic markers that relate to human lifespans. (1) _____________, the discovery is an important finding in the field of genetics. For years, scientists have been working to (2) _______ specific genetic markers that are connected with a long lifespan. Until recently, only two such markers were known to the scientific community.Genes play a critical role in overall health. Every (3) _____ in the human body contains genetic information. Everything from the ageing process to the development of deadly diseases, such as cancer, is tied to an individual’s genetic make-up. without doubt identify cell However, scientists have long been (4) _____________ the question about which genetic markers indicate a short or long lifespan. The discovery by the research team may quicken the (5) ______ of the study on genes and human lifespans, and eventually help answer this question. Scientists say that locating these sixteen genetic markers will greatly improve their understanding of how genes (6) _____ lifespans. These genetic markers may eventually function as a (7) ______ of targeting the specific genes connected with lifespans. This could significantly enhance people’s chances of living to a ripe old ages. According to some scientists, it could make a (8) ___________ change to the future of human life. pace wrestling with affect fundamental means The lecture transcript uses a number of words related to “gene”. Look at the examples, think of more word families with a similar pattern and fill in the table below. B2 Suffixes Meanings Words -(t)ics/ (o)logy the study of the subject genetics -(t)ic/ -al related to Genetic -ist/ -ian a person who studies a subject geneticist statistics, economics, linguistics, sociology, climatology economic, linguistic, mathematical, political, musical physicist, mathematician, statistician, politician, musician The lecture transcript uses different structures with “as”. Find the sentences in the lecture transcript and use different structures with “as” to join the sentences below. B3 Learn this “As” can be used in different structures to express different meanings. Such as time and reason. As a linking word, it can make your information better organized. 1. You might have heard this before. Some genes make you more likely to develop certain diseases. 2. We need to have appropriate controls on genome editing. It can be dangerous. 3. New discoveries are being made. Geneticists gain a better understanding of our genes. As you might have heard before, some genes make you more likely to develop certain diseases. We need to have appropriate controls on genome editing, as it can be dangerous. As new discoveries are being made, geneticists are gaining a better understanding of our genes. 1. You might have heard this before. Some genes make you more likely to develop certain diseases. 2. We need to have appropriate controls on genome editing. It can be dangerous. 3. New discoveries are being made. Geneticists gain a better understanding of our genes. See you next time~ $