专题07 阅读表达（期末真题汇编，湖南专用）八年级英语下学期

**基本信息** 汇集湖南多地八年级期末阅读表达真题，聚焦人与自我、社会、自然三大主题，融合劳动教育、科技人物、传统文化等时代素材，注重语言运用与思维能力考查。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读表达（回答问题+翻译）|每篇5题|细节理解（如“Where did the writer grow up?”）、推理判断（如“Why did villagers think Mao Xianglin was crazy?”）、观点表达（如“Do you like labor education? Why?”）、英汉互译|以真实情境为载体，如“阳台种植”“非遗春节”“AI创业者”等，设置开放题考查批判性思维，翻译题兼顾语言准确性与文化传递|

专题07 知识运用之阅读表达 主题01 人与自我——兴趣爱好；人生哲理；个人经历；个人成长；生活技能 Passage 1 (24-25·八下·湖南省衡阳市祁东县·期末) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题或翻译划线部分。 What do you usually do in your free time? Many young people grow vegetables on the balcony (阳台). Let’s see what the two young people think of that. Zhang Chao, a 17-year-old boy, is one of the “balcony farmers”. He likes to grow tomatoes at home when he is free. His love for that comes from his grandfather. When he was small, he lived in the countryside with his grandparents. And he learned to grow vegetables from his grandfather at that time. For Zhang, growing vegetables at home is not easy work, but it is important. Fang Minke is a girl student from Shenzhen. She likes growing vegetables on the balcony, too. She started to do that last year. For her, growing vegetables on the balcony is a good way to relax, and it brings her much fun. “When I see the nice colors and enjoy the clean air, I feel relaxed and close to nature!” she said. 1．What vegetables does Zhang Chao like to grow at home when he is free? 2．Who did Zhang Chao learn to grow vegetables from? 3．When did Fang Minke start to grow vegetables on the balcony? 4．Do you like growing vegetables? Why or why not? 5．将短文中划线句子翻译成中文。 Passage 2 (24-25·八下·湖南省衡阳市常宁市·期末) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题或翻译画线部分。 What do you usually do in your free time? Many young people grow vegetables on the balcony (阳台). Let’s see what the two young people think of that. Zhang Chao, a 17-year-old boy, is one of the “balcony farmers”. He likes to grow tomatoes at home when he is free. His love for that comes from his grandfather. When he was a little boy, he lived in the countryside with his grandparents. And he learned to grow vegetables from his grandfather at that time. For Zhang, growing vegetables at home is not easy work, but it is important. Fang Minke is a girl student from Shenzhen. She likes growing vegetables on the balcony, too. She started to do that last year. For her, growing vegetables on the balcony is a good way to relax, and it brings her much fun. “When I see the nice colors and enjoy the clean air, I feel relaxed and close to nature!” she said. 1．What vegetables does Zhang Chao like to grow at home when he is free? 2．Who did Zhang Chao learn to grow vegetables from? 3．What does Fang Minke think of growing vegetables on the balcony? 4．Do you like growing vegetables? Why or why not? 5．将短文中画线句子翻译成中文。 Passage 3 (24-25·八下·湖南省邵阳市隆回县·期末) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题或翻译画线部分。 Last Sunday, Mom and I were working in the garden (花园). We were transplanting (移栽) some flowers in the garden for the third time. At first, the flowers grew in a small flowerpot (花盆). Later we transplanted them into a larger pot, and then into the garden. We would move to a new house, so we were transplanting them again. I didn’t know much about flowers, so I asked Mom, “Won’t it hurt these flowers to transplant them so many times?” “Oh, Mary,” said Mom, “transplanting doesn’t hurt them. In fact, it’s good for them. That’s how the flowers grow strong. They grow deep and become strong flowers.” Often, I feel like those small flowers, because changes often happen in my life. When I meet changes in life, I often ask myself these questions: Will this be hard on me? Won’t it be much better if things stay the same? Then I remember Mom’s words: That’s how the flowers grow strong. 1．How many times did Mary and Mom transplant the flowers? 2．Why did Mary and Mom transplant the flowers last Sunday? 3．Is transplanting good or bad for the flowers? 4．What does Mary often do when meeting changes in life? 5．翻译画线部分 Passage 4 (24-25·八下·湖南省永州市蓝山县·期末) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题或翻译画线部分。 I grew up in the countryside. I didn’t understand what it brought to me until I became an adult. It helped me learn more practical skills than my friends who grew up in cities. I learned to cook at around 10 years old. The first skill I learned was making dough (面团). In my hometown of Ningxia, people make noodles for dinner. Since my parents often came home late, a prepared dough would help my family have dinner sooner. I thought it would be easy because I often saw my mom do it-just mix water and flour (面粉), right? Not quite! It was a mess for a while. First, I made the dough too soft. Then, I made it too hard. But as I kept trying, I learned the trick (窍门). Later, I cooked fried dishes and things like dumplings. I fell in love with cooking because it’s a good way to relax. Thanks to my cooking skills, I live a better life when I need to work from home. I cook every meal instead of ordering delivery (外卖). It saves money, and it’s healthier. This may be why I’m so happy to know that students now have labor education (劳动教育) at school in China. These practical skills will help them for the rest of their lives. 1．Where did the writer grow up? 2．Why did the writer fall in love with cooking? 3．What does the writer think of cooking at home? 4．Do you want to have labor education at school? Why or why not? 5．把划线句子翻译成中文。 Passage 5 (24-25·八下·湖南省岳阳市汨罗市·期末) 阅读下面短文，按要求完成后面各个小题。 A museum blogger (博主) named “Shui Xing” has become a big hit on the Internet these days. In her videos, she shows people around the museums across China. The blogger’s real name is Wang Yini. She is a post-95 girl from Jilin Province. She is interested in archaeology (考古学) from an early age. When she was little, her parents often took her to museums. These experiences of visiting museums gave her the idea of studying archaeology when she grew up. Wang started making videos about archaeology in 2020. She did this because she found that many people had misunderstanding (误解) about archaeology. Besides, she wanted to share her knowledge in the field. However, her videos didn’t get much attention (关注) at first. Wang thought about it carefully and realized that she didn’t choose subjects that would interest people. She worked hard and finally found a way to tell stories in an interesting way. “The key is to interest the online users with interesting story lines. This makes it easier for them to understand what I say,” she said. Now Wang is a teacher in Liaoning University. She wants to train more talents in archaeology. At the same time, she tries to make more interesting videos for people. She hopes to let more people know where our culture comes from so that we can know where to go in the future. 1．Who is Shui Xing? 2．What gave her the idea of studying archaeology when she grew up? 3．Why can’t her videos get much attention at first? 4．Do you want to be a person like Wang? Why or why not? 5．将短文中的划线句子翻译成中文。 Passage 6 (24-25·八下·湖南省郴州市·期末) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答1—4小题，翻译第5小题。 In today’s world, two young Chinese men are using technology (技术) to change the future. Let’s learn about their cool stories. Liang Wenfeng was born (出生) in 1985 in Zhanjiang, Guangdong. He was good at math when he was a child. By the time he was in junior high school, he already knew high school math and even taught himself college classes. At 17, he got into Zhejiang University with top grades and later got a master’s degree (硕士学位). When Liang was 38 years old, he set up DeepSeek. In 2024, DeepSeek’s AI model surprised the world. People like it very much because it can solve difficult problems faster than humans. Not too far away in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Wang Xingxing was doing amazing things too. Wang Xingxing is from Hangzhou, Zhejiang. When he was a university student, he loved making robots. At first, he made robots that looked like humans, but later he started making four-legged robots. His Xdog robot won prizes when he was studying for his master’s degree. In 2016, Wang started Unitree. He made a lot of robots. Some people didn’t think robots could be useful, but Wang didn’t give up. He believed in his ideas. His small team of about 10 engineers kept thinking of new ideas. Now, Unitree robots are used in factories and research all over the world. Their stories show us that brave and creative (有创造力的) young people can change the world. 1．When was Liang Wenfeng born? 2．What subject was Liang Wenfeng good at when he was a child? 3．What did Wang Xingxing love when he was a university student? 4．What can you learn from the two men’s stories? 5．将文中划线部分的句子翻译成中文。 Passage 7 (24-25·八下·湖南省怀化市·期末) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题或翻译画线部分。 In China, some schools have a “spring outing” every year. Students go to a park or some other scenic areas. People in the US also have their own special springtime customs. One example of this is spring break. In early March, all students in the US will have a break from school for about one week. Many students will use this time to go on vacation. High school kids usually travel with their parents. College students travel on their own. When I was in college, some of my friends and I took a road trip across the country for spring break. We saw all kinds of cool places and met lots of new friends along the way. Another tradition is spring cleaning. Each spring, many families will spend some time cleaning their houses and find some old things that they don’t want to keep. They sell the old things to their neighbors at low prices in their yards. It’s called a yard sale. You never know what you might find at a yard sale. I’ve found musical instruments, old books and all kinds of other interesting things. Spring cleaning is a good way to get a fresh start for the new year. 1．When is spring break in the US? 2．What did the writer do for spring break when he was in college? 3．What is a yard sale? 4．Have you ever thought about having a yard sale to sell your things? Why or why not? 5．将短文中画线句子翻译成中文。 02 人与社会——榜样力量；教育故事；社会善意；校园生活；文化传统；文化传承；；饮食文化；传统故事；经典文学；人际关系 Passage 1 (24-25·八下·湖南省郴州市资兴市·期末) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题或翻译画线部分。 Andy Lau, a popular singer and actor from Hong Kong, is famous for his movies and music. He always shows his deep love for China in meaningful ways. To celebrate Hong Kong’s return to China in 1997, Andy Lau created the song Chinese. He wore a white Chinese-style shirt and stood on the Great Wall while filming the music video, feeling the weight of China’s long history. The lyrics (歌词) “Hand in hand, we move forward, letting the world know we are all Chinese” cheered up the nation. The song has become a timeless symbol of patriotism (爱国主义). Andy Lau doesn’t just sing about his love for China—he shows it in real life. In 1991, he risked his life performing dangerous stunts (特技) in a charity show to raise money for flood victims (受害者) in East China. Later, in 2008, after the Sichuan earthquake, he organized a big charity concert that lasted more than 8 hours to help with relief efforts (救灾工作). In 2024, when Andy Lau sang Chinese in Taipei. People there were deeply moved. Many fans from Taiwan sang along with him. This showed that music can bring all Chinese people closer together, no matter where they are from. Through years of music and actions, Andy Lau has worked hard to achieve his dream of bringing people from different parts of China closer together. His story teaches us that patriotism needs both words and actions. Let’s follow his example: the more we work together, the stronger our country will be! 1．What is Andy Lau? 2．Why did Andy Lau make the song Chinese? 3．How long did the charity concert in Sichuan last? 4．How do you like Andy Lau? 5．将文中划线部分的句子翻译成中文。 Passage 2 (24-25·八下·湖南省娄底市市直学校·期末) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答56-59小题，60小题为英译汉。 On February 17th, 2021, Mao Xianglin from Chongqing got the title of “Touching China 2020 Person of the Year”. People call him a modern version (版本) of Yu Gong. In 1959, Mao Xianglin was born in a small village. It’s a village with steep cliffs (陡峭的悬崖) of more than 1,100 meters high. In 1997, he became the head of the village. Then he made a decision to build a road to the outside world. At that time, many villagers thought he was crazy, because they believed it was impossible. However, Mao Xianglin never gave up. He said to the villagers, “If we want to become rich, we must build a road to the outside world. ” At the same time, he tried his best to raise money for it. That winter, he took about 100 villagers to start to work. While they were building the road, they met lots of problems. After seven years of hard work, they finally finished building the road in 2004. Since then, their village has changed a lot. Nowadays people there are all living a rich and happy life. 1．What title did Mao Xianglin get on February 17th, 2021? 2．How long did it take to build the road? 3．Why did many villagers think Mao Xianglin was crazy? 4．What do you think of Mao Xianglin? 5．将短文中划线的句子翻译成中文。 Passage 3 (24-25·八下·湖南省邵阳市大祥区·期末) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容完成下列任务。 Lauren is a kind girl from Iowa, USA．She started to volunteer when she was 14. She worked at a food bank and helped give out food to people in need. She found there were very few fresh vegetables in the food. “Why not do something to change that?” Lauren thought. Lauren told her parents that she wanted to start a garden on their family farm. Her parents supported (支持) her. But they had no idea how to grow vegetables. They couldn’t help Lauren. Lauren learnt everything on the Internet—What kind of vegetables can she plant? When should she plant them? How much water do the vegetables need? She even took lessons on how to plant vegetables. Lauren spent a lot of time in her garden. She worked hard. In hot summer, she watered the vegetables by hand for about two to three hours every day. She went to see the vegetables every day to make sure they grew well. In the past two years, Lauren已经种植了15种蔬菜。And she has got more than 3,000 kg of them. She gave them away to the food bank, an old people’s home and a soup kitchen. People thanked Lauren for her kindness. “Many people help you out, but it makes more difference when you help other people out. That’s what makes me most happy,” Lauren said. 1．Where is Lauren from? 2．Did Lauren work hard in her garden? 3．What did Lauren do with the vegetables she grew? 4．将短文中划线的句子翻译成中文。 5．将短文中划线的句子翻译成英文。 Passage 4 (24-25·八下·湖南省长沙市浏阳市·期末) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Students may want to feed street cats in school, but they may not know where the cats are. Now, at Beijing Foreign Studies University (BFSU), students can use their phones to find school cats and get to know them. To give school cats a better life, students of the university made a WeChat mini-program (小程序)—— Beiwai Cats. On it, every cat in the university has an“ID card”. The cards show the cats’ photos and also have stories about them. Cat lovers can also adopt (收养) school cats on the mini-program. Zhou Hengxiao, 20, helped make the mini-program. He is a member of the BFSU Love Cats Group. He says it is useful for both the students and the cats. Through the mini-program, students can learn more about the cats. The group is also active on Weibo, Bilibili and Xiaohongshu. “We share the culture of our university through the cats. When we make money from these platforms (平台), we will use it to feed the cats and help with their illnesses,” he says. The group hopes to add more cats near the university to Beiwai Cats. “Some people think it’s a little dangerous for students to feed the cats, but we just want to do our best to give every small life a home,” says Zhou. “Students can learn how to take care of others, too.” 1．What is the name of WeChat mini-program in the passage? 2．Why does Zhou Hengxiao think the mini-program is useful? 3．Does the group make money? 4．What can students learn by feeding the cats? 5．Do you think it is good for students to feed the cats? Why or why not? Passage 5 (24-25·八下·湖南省株洲市攸县·期末) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题或翻译画线部分。 Spring Festival is a holiday for everyone On Dec. 4, 2024, UNESCO (联合国教科文组织) said Spring Festival is a world intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产). Spring Festival is China’s oldest and most important traditional festival. UNESCO said it helps bring families and people closer together. China’s Foreign Ministry spokesman (外交部发言人) Lin Jian said that it shows the ideas of peace (和平) and togetherness. He also advised (建议) people to visit China and experience the festival in person. Now, about 20 countries have made the first day of the Chinese New Year a public (公共的) holiday. About 20% of people around the world celebrate Spring Festival in their own ways. The important ideas of Spring Festival make it not just a Chinese festival, but one for everybody. So far, our country has 44 traditions on the Intangible Cultural Heritage list (目录). This makes China No.1 on the list. Such a position (位置) comes from our long and rich history. It helps share more stories about Chinese culture with the world. 1．When did Spring Festival get on the Intangible Cultural Heritage list? 2．What are the important ideas of Spring Festival? 3．What did Lin Jian advise people to do? 4．Do you agree “Spring Festival is a holiday for everyone”? Why or why not? 5．请将划线部分的句子翻译成中文。 Passage 6 (24-25·八下·湖南省湘潭市湘乡市·期末) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题或翻译画线部分。 The new Ne Zha movie, Ne Zha 2: The Sea Battle, came out (上映) on January 29, 2025. It tells the story of Ne Zha, a boy with magic powers, and his friend Ao Bing, the dragon prince. In this movie, Ne Zha has new and hard problems. Bad people say Ne Zha does bad things. He has to show he is good and save his home at the same time. But Ne Zha is brave, and he never gives up. His strong mind makes people like him a lot. In the film, Ne Zha and Ao Bing must protect the human world from the angry Dragon Kings. Together, they face the Dragon Kings and try to change people’s minds about them. The movie’s pictures are very beautiful. The creators used Chinese art styles, such as ink (墨水) paintings. The colors are bright, and the world in the movie looks real. We can see big and beautiful palaces under the sea. The fight scenes are really exciting. Every part of the movie is fun to watch. People of all ages like this movie. It’s fun to watch, and it also tells us good things. It shows that if we are brave, we can beat any problem. 1．When did Ne Zha 2: The Sea Battle come out? 2．Who are the main characters in the film? 3．What Chinese art style did the creators use in the movie? 4．Do you like Ne Zha? Why? 5．将短文中画线句子翻译成中文。 Passage 7 (24-25·八下·湖南省常德市联盟校·期末) A museum vlogger (博主) named “Shui Xing” has become a big hit on the Internet these days. In her videos, she shows people around the museums across China. The vlogger’s real name is Wang Yini. She is a post-95 girl from Jilin Province. She is interested in archaeology (考古学) from an early age. When she was little, her parents often took her to museums. These experiences of visiting museums gave her the idea of studying archaeology when she grew up. Wang started making videos about archaeology in 2020. She did this because she found that many people had misunderstanding (误解) about archaeology. Besides, she wanted to share her knowledge in the field. However, her videos didn’t get much attention (关注) at first. Wang thought about it carefully and realized that she didn’t choose subjects that would interest people. She worked hard and finally found a way to tell stories in an interesting way. “4. The key is to interest the online users with interesting story lines. This makes it easier for them to understand what I say,” she said. Now Wang is a teacher in Liaoning University. She wants to train more talents in archaeology. At the same time, she tries to make more interesting videos for people. 5. 她希望让更多的人知道我们的文化来自哪里。In this way, we can know where to go in the future. 1．Who is Shui Xing? 2．What gave her the idea of studying archaeology when she grew up? 3．Did her videos get much attention at first? 4．将短文中画线句子翻译成中文。 5．将短文中画线句子翻译成英文。 Passage 8 (24-25·八下·湖南省永州市祁阳市·期末) 阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题和翻译句子。 The best thing to start your day is a good breakfast. There are different types of breakfasts around the world. “Eat breakfast like a king, lunch like a prince and dinner like a pauper (穷人).” As the old saying tells us, breakfast is the most important meal of the day. It provides us with energy after a long night without food. If people don’t have breakfast in the morning, they will feel tired and get angry easily. Breakfast helps children stay more focused in school. A study showed that children who eat breakfast regularly score higher in most subjects. Breakfast is also important for weight loss. If you have a balanced breakfast, you will eat less throughout the day. A healthy and balanced breakfast should include (包含) some protein (蛋白质) like eggs, milk or a little meat, which makes you energetic all day. And carbohydrates (碳水化合物) like rice or bread can keep you active. Vegetables and fruit have the vitamins (维生素) that humans need. However, in China, breakfast is different from region to region. Porridge with pickles, baozi, noodles, soybean milk and youtiao are common throughout the whole country. Although Western culture has influenced China a lot, most people still like traditional Chinese breakfast better. They think that Chinese breakfast is not only easily digested (消化), but also can provide enough energy in the morning. 1．How will people feel if they don’t have breakfast in the morning? 2．What should a healthy and balanced breakfast include? 3．Why do Chinese people like traditional Chinese breakfast better? 4．Is your breakfast healthy? What do you usually eat for breakfast? 5．将划线部分译成中文。 Passage 9 (24-25·八下·湖南省张家界市慈利县·期末) 阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答问题或翻译画线部分。 One summer, Confucius (孔子) with his students went to the State of Chu. When going through a large forest, they saw an old man standing under a tree catching cicadas (蝉), with a bamboo stick. Confucius said, “You are very good at catching cicadas. You must have some special skills.” “That’s right!” the old man answered. “The cicada is a clever little insect. If they hear the noise of the leaves in the wind, they will fly away. Therefore, people who want to catch cicadas must train their hands to hold a bamboo stick without shaking. If you can place three pellets (弹珠) on top of the bamboo stick without falling off, you might be able to catch cicadas. When five pellets are placed on top without falling off, catching cicadas is as easy as picking a ball up from the ground.” He then added, “But that is not enough. People must be good at hiding themselves. Right now, I am standing under a tree like half a tree stump (树桩). Last but not least, one must focus on his or her work. When I am catching cicadas, I only see their wings. No matter what happens, nothing will upset me.” Hearing this, Confucius turned to his students and said, “No matter what you do, you can only succeed if you love what you are doing and pay enough attention to it. This is what this old man has taught us.” 1．Which place did Confucius and his students go to? 2．What did Confucius and his students see in the forest? 3．What did the old man think of the cicada in this story? 4．What can we learn from the old man according to Confucius? 5．将短文中划线的句子翻译成中文。 Passage 10 (24-25·八下·湖南省衡阳市衡山县·期末) 阅读下面短文，按要求完成各小题。 The Adventures of Tom Sawyer 《汤姆索亚历险记》is a classic written in 1876 by the famous writer Mark Twain. With a simple storyline, the book is like a biography (自传) of a summer in Tom Sawyer’s life. Tom Sawyer is a child whose parents are dead, lives with his aunt in the small town on the Mississippi River. He has many clever ideas, but doesn’t like school, and always likes to run away to fish. Tom has a friend named Huck Finn. He is seen uneducated (未受教育的) outside while actually kind and independent inside. They together have great adventures (冒险) on the Mississippi River, like playing different roles, going to their own funeral (葬礼) and seeing a murder (谋杀). Tom is so brave that he even speaks out the murderer in court. Finally, he and his friends find a lot of treasures and become very rich. Mark Twain wrote this novel according to his own childhood and his personal experience. 这个故事之所以精彩，是因为汤姆索亚让人想起童年最美好的时光。 It is a story full of action, adventure, creative ideas, love with both what Twain did or wishes he did during his childhood. 1．Who wrote The Adventures of Tom Sawyer? 2．What do you think of the boy Tom Sawyer according to the passage? 3．Do Tom and Finn have many great adventures together in the story? 4．He is seen uneducated (未受教育的) outside while actually kind and independent inside.(英译汉) 5．这个故事之所以精彩 ，是因为汤姆索亚让人想起童年最美好的时光。(汉译英) Passage 11 (24-25·八下·湖南省常德市澧县·期末) Everyone wants to own the friendship, because without a friend, the world is like a desert. Too many people want others to be their friends, but they don’t give friendship back. Learning to be a good friend means learning the following rules. Honesty (诚实) is where a good friendship starts. Friends must be able to trust (信任) one another. If you don’t tell the truth, people usually find out, and you may lose your friends’ trust. Good friends always trust in one another to speak and do things honestly. Generosity means sharing. You don’t have to give your lunch money or your clothes, of course. Instead you share your ideas and feelings. These can be valuable (宝贵的) to a friend. By sharing them, you help your friends know you better. Sooner or later, everyone needs understanding and help with a problem. Something may go wrong at school. Talking about the problem can make it easier to solve. Turning to a friend can be a first step in solving the problem. So to be a friend, you must listen and understand. You must try to put yourself in your friend’s place, so you can understand the problem better. No two friendships are ever exactly alike. But all true friendships have three things in common. In fact, good friendship will just not easily last. That is to say, you must give as much as you take, or friendship will die away. 1．What are the three rules to be a good friend? 2．Which is the base of friendship among the three rules? 3．How do you let your friends know you? 4．In what way can you keep friendships long? 5．将短文中划线句子翻译成中文。 Passage 12 ((24-25八下·湖南娄底新化县·期末)) 阅读下面短文，按要求完成后面各个小题。 In the heart of a small town lived a boy named Tom. He was well- known in the community for his kindness and willingness to help others. One day, while on his way home from school, Tom noticed an old woman. She was trying to water her garden, but it seemed a bit hard for her. Seeing that, Tom decided to offer to help her every day after school. Tom kept his promise and watered the garden as if it were his own garden. Over time, the plants grew up. One summer, a serious drought (干旱) hit the town, and many plants died. However, the old woman’s garden remained green and full of vitality. People were amazed by the garden’s beauty and asked the old woman how she managed to keep her plants alive. The woman told them about Tom’s daily efforts and how his kindness had saved her garden. The story spread throughout the town, and people found Tom did well in taking care of plants. 4. 人们在种植植物有困难时，他们会向汤姆求助。 Years later, Tom became a famous botanist (植物学家). 5. He never forgot the experience of helping the old woman and continued spreading kindness. Kindness is like water to a plant. It can grow and bring out the best in everything around us. 1．What was Tom famous for in his community? 2．How was the old woman’s garden after a serious drought in summer? 3．What can we learn from this passage? 4．将短文中画线的句子翻译成英文。 5．将短文中画线的句子翻译成中文。 主题03 人与自然——自然景观；自然生态；科普知识 Passage 1 (24-25·八下·湖南省长沙市宁乡市·期末) 阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 There are many waterfalls in China. Some are big, some are small, they are all beautiful. Today I’ll introduce four of them to you. Huangguoshu Waterfall, which sits in Anshun City, Guizhou Province, is the largest waterfall in China and one of the most famous natural wonders in Asia. With a height of 77.8 meters and a width of 101 meters, it looks like a “white curtain” pouring from the sky, producing thunderous sounds. Every year, millions of people come to visit this natural wonder. Sanxia Waterfall in Yichang, Hubei is a great natural landscape in China. It is one of the widest waterfalls and many people think it is the No.1 waterfall in the world. Hukou Waterfall, located on the Yellow River at the border of Shanxi Province and Shaanxi Province in northern China, is one of the most powerful waterfalls in the country. Known for its dramatic yellow-hued waters and thunderous roar, it is the second-largest waterfall in China (after Huangguoshu Waterfall). People can hear the sound from far away. Lushan Waterfall in Jiangxi is very beautiful. It’s well-known in China and the world because of the poem (诗) by Li Bai: It plunges straight down three thousand feet. As if the Silver River were falling from the Ninth Heaven. 1．How high is Huangguoshu Waterfall? 2．Where is Sanxia Waterfall? 3．Is Hukou Waterfall the largest waterfall in China? 4．Why is Lushan Waterfall well-known in China and the world? 5．Which waterfall do you like best? Why? Passage 2 (24-25·八下·湖南省常德市武陵区·期末) 阅读下面短文，按要求完成各小题。 The red panda is a cute and interesting animal. It is small and has red-brown fur. Many red pandas live in the forests of Sichuan and Yunnan in China. They spend most of their time in the trees. They like to climb trees and are very good at it. The red panda has a big tail and it helps to keep its balance (平衡) when it climbs. The red panda eats bamboo (竹子), just like the black and white panda. It also eats fruit and eggs. The red panda goes out to play and look for food at night and sleeps in the day. It doesn’t like to be together with other red pandas. Sadly, red pandas are in danger now. Their homes become smaller and sometimes they can’t find food because people cut down trees for farming. Also, many people kill red pandas for their beautiful fur. The red panda is a special and beautiful animal. We all should do what we can to help save them. 1．Where do red pandas spend most of their time? 2．What do red pandas eat? 3．Can red pandas sometimes find food easily? 4．What’s your favourite animal? 5．We all should do what we can to help save them. (将划线句子翻译成中文) Passage 3 (24-25·八下·湖南省邵阳市武冈市·期末) “Dreams may be more important than sleep. We all need to dream,” some scientists say. Dreams take up about one quarter of our sleeping time. People have several (几个) dreams each night. Dreams are like short movies. They are usually in color. Some dreams are like old movies. They come to us over and over again. That may be because the dreamer is worrying about something. Dreaming may be a way of trying to find an answer. Some people get new ideas about their work from dreams. They may think about their work all day. These ideas can carry over into dreams. Sometimes we wake up with a good feeling from a dream. But often we can’t remember the dream. Dreams can go away quickly from memory. Too much dreaming can be harmful (有害的) . 5. The more we sleep, the longer we dream. The mind is hard at work when we dream. That’s why we may have a long sleep and still wake up tired. 1．How often do people dream? 2．Why do people often dream about their work? 3．What does the passage mainly tell us? 4．Will you share your dreams with your friends? Why or why not? 5．将短文中划线句子翻译成中文。 主题01 人与自我——心理成长；个人成长；自我反思；兴趣爱好；个人成长 Passage 1 (24-25·八下·湖南省张家界市桑植县·期末) 阅读下面短文，按要求完成后面各个小题。 Dear Grace, Writing a diary is a good habit for expressing oneself. So it was natural for you to have felt unhappy that someone read your diary. I would suggest you have a longer chat with your mom. Being your mom does not give her the right to read our diary. Tell her how it makes you feel when she does this. Explain to her how important it is for you to have your own space. It might also be helpful to know why your mom wants to read your diary. Perhaps she is worried about you and wants to know how you are doing. If so, then you can let her know you will ask for help when you need it. You can discuss better ways for her to check up on you. For example, you can set up a regular time to tell her about things like what happens at school. 1. If you feel uncomfortable sharing your feelings with your mom, think about why. Then you and your mum will need to discuss how she can be more supportive. Hope my advice helps. Yours, Linda 2．Whom is this letter written to? 3．How did Grace feel when she knew her mom had read her diary? 4．What does Linda suggest Grace do with her mom? (No more than 12 words) 5．What would you do if your mom read your diary? 6．把划线句子翻译成中文。 Passage 2 (24-25·八下·湖南师大附中·期末) 阅读下面短文, 根据短文内容回答问题。 In the past, Go (围棋) was just a fun activity for 5-year-old Deng Minghao. However, his opinion on Go became different after a visit to the Shanghai Chess and Cards Culture Museum in 2019. At the museum, Deng saw old photos and trophies (奖杯), and read stories about famous Go players. “Before, I didn’t care much about winning or losing. After the visit, I realized I wanted to achieve something meaningful,” he said. Noticing Deng’s interest, the museum guide advised him to learn Go more seriously at the Putuo Chess Academy (普陀棋院). Since then, Go has become Deng’s love. He visits the academy often to improve his skills, making rapid progress along the way. The Shanghai Chess and Cards Culture Museum plays an important role in developing an interest in Go and other board games among young people. Located on the first floor of the Shanghai Chess Academy at 595 West Nanjing Road, it covers over 1, 000 square meters. It has a lot of Go objects and ancient texts (文本), as well as screens and robots that allow visitors to play against AI. The mix of tradition and technology makes learning about Go more enjoyable. To better help young players like Deng, the museum plans to improve itself. It works with other programs to organize public lectures (公益讲座). Kids can get advice from excellent players during the lectures. Through these activities, the museum not only keeps the rich history of Go alive but also encourages young players to carry on the tradition. 1．What made Deng’s opinion on Go different? 2．Where is the Shanghai Chess and Cards Culture Museum located? 3．Who advised Deng Minghao to learn Go more seriously at the Putuo Chess Academy? 4．Has Deng made progress since he visited the Putuo Chess Academy? 5．What do you think of learning Go? Passage 3 (24-25·八下·湖南省娄底市涟源市·期末) Every Saturday morning, there may usually be a fight in hundreds of houses across America. Mom or Dad probably says kindly at first, “④. Could you please clean your room?” The kid may waste time doing nothing or just say “No”. As the morning passes slowly, the parent gets angry. “How many times do I have to tell you to clean up this mess? Get it done right now” The fight becomes worse. Sometimes parents just do the cleaning by themselves. What can parents do to improve the situation? Parents should set a good example. Keeping your own things in order will help kids develop the good habit. Tell kids clearly what a clean room is like. Before kids meet your expectations (期望), they must understand what you want them to do. Each thing should be in its place. If each thing has a home, it will be much easier for kids to tidy their rooms.⑤. 给你的孩子提供一些盒子。 Work together at labeling (贴标签) and deciding what goes where. 阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答问题或翻译划线部分。 1．When may there usually be a fight in hundreds of American families? 2．What should kids understand before they meet their parents’ expectations? 3．As a kid, how can you help improve the situation? 4．将短文中划线的句子翻译成中文。 5．将短文中划线的句子翻译成英文。 Passage 4 (24-25·八下·湖南省株洲市茶陵县·期末 ) 阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答问题或者翻译画线部分。 In 2004, the world came alive to The Chorus, a French film which tells us how a teacher brings love and hope to his students through music and then makes a difference to their lives. Now the similar story happened at Haiga Primary School in Liupanshui, Southwest China’s Guizhou Province, where Gu Ya, a 37-year-old teacher, helps children in mountainous areas learn to read music, play instruments, and start rock bands. In September 2016, Gu Ya, a then rock singer, arrived at the school as a Chinese teacher. “When I got there, there was only a teacher and fewer than ten students in two grades. It was really surprising. The kids were too shy to look at me in the eyes,” Gu said. “The day I arrived, Zheng Long, the headmaster of the school, told me that we had to care about not only the children’s studies and lives, but also their health in mind, helping them learn to dream and be more confident.” To open the hearts of the students and bring them confidence, Gu decided to teach them music. He taught students in grades one and two ukulele (尤克里里) and guitar, and students in grades three and four drums or bass guitar (贝斯吉他). In 2018, the school started its first rock band called Yu (Meeting). Not long after that, the second band “Unknown Boy”, and the other bands “Naughty Elf” and “Haiga Shaonian” were also set up one after another. Zheng Long was surprised at the power of music. Many children who learned to play music became more outgoing and got better grades in exams. Xiong Ting, a 15-year-old girl, was a student there before. She said,“Thanks to Mr. Gu, I was no longer a shy and quiet girl. I hope I could become a music teacher like him and bring change and hope to others.” 1．How did Gu feel when he first got to Haiga Primary School? 2．Why did Gu decide to teach the students music? 3．What changes did the students have because of learning to play music? 4．Do you like music? Why or why not? 5．将短文中划线的句子翻译成中文。 Passage 5 (24-25·八下·湖南省湘西州古丈县·期末) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题或翻译画线部分。 At the age of 17, Hugh Herr had a rock climbing accident. He became lost on Mount Washington, U.S. The weather was terrible, and for four days, he waited for help in the snow and ice without any equipment or any food. When people arrived, Hugh couldn’t feel his legs. He spent two months in the hospital and finally lost both legs at the knee. Doctors gave him two artificial (人造的) legs, but they were painful, and he couldn’t continue rock climbing. But that didn’t stop Hugh! He decided to study mechanical engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). He designed and made his own artificial legs! He used springs (弹簧) because they were powerful. Now he could continue his favourite sport. He found he could climb even better than he could before his accident! He also continued his research, at Harvard. Today, Hugh is a professor at MIT and is co-founder(共同创立者) of iWalk, a company where in 2007, he helped create an amazing new artificial ankle (脚踝) called PowerFoot One. PowerFoot One uses a rechargeable battery and springs to make walking easier and more natural. For the first time, people with artificial legs can actually feel like they are walking. That year, Time magazine called it one of the best innovations of the year, together with the Boeing 787 Dreamliner and the iPhone. Of course, Hugh uses PowerFoot One himself! Thanks to Hugh, people with disabilities can enjoy a better quality of life. 1．Did Hugh lose both of his legs at the knee when he was 17? 2．Why didn’t he like the artificial legs doctors gave him? 3．What is Powerfoot One? 4．请将短文中画线句子翻译成中文。 5．What do you think of Hugh? 主题02 人与社会——名人轶事；文化传承；社会善意；音乐文化；社会现象；自然灾害； 历史文化；国家政策；教育政策；传统文化 Passage 1 (24-25·八下·湖南省长沙市雨花区金海中学·期末) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Among the relics (遗物) of Mao Zedong, there are two pairs of old reading glasses, one without the left leg and the other without the right. How do you put on a pair of glasses with only one leg? The answer is: wear them lying down. In his later years, Mao was in the habit of reading lying down. With his reduced vision (视力), he had to wear glasses. But no matter on which side he lay, one of his temples (太阳穴) was always painfully pressed. So the optician’s (眼镜商店) owner came up with a simple but practical idea: remove one of the glasses’ legs. Had it not been for his love of books, there might not have been two pairs of one-legged glasses. Anyone who has been to Mao’s residence (住处) was shocked by the vast collection of books everywhere. There were books on the bed, dining table, coffee table, even in the hallways and bathrooms. The Fengze Garden in Zhongnanhai, where he used to live, was like a small library, with 36 shelves against the walls. During the war years, it was not easy to get a few books. With each transfer (转移) of troops (部队), Mao was willing to simplify belongings, except for books. He had a large bag specially made for carrying books. No matter how hard it was, he would always keep the bag. After the founding of the People’s Republic of China, Mao no longer had to hide and read with anyone. Whenever he went out, even if it was only for a day or two, he took some books with him. Although he suffered from eye diseases as an older man, he ignored his doctor’s advice and read secretly. When the medical staff took away his books, his tears came out, “For me, reading is resting. I just love reading books all my life…” 1．Are the old reading glasses of Mao Zedong just normal? 2．Where was the vast collection of books in Mao’s residence? 3．During the war years, what was his special bag made for? 4．What did Chairman Mao take with him whenever he went out? 5．What’s your idea of reading books? Passage 2 (24-25·八下·湖南省张家界市永定区·期末) 阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答问题或翻译划线部分。 Darren Watkins Jr., known online as “iShowSpeed” or “Jia Kang Ge”, is a 20-year-old American YouTuber. With over 37 million fans, his recent trip to China became very popular around the world. Millions of people watched his live streams (直播) when he visited China. During his stay, Speed went to eight cities, like Shanghai, Beijing, and Chongqing. This is an unforgettable journey for him. What most impressed (使印象深刻) Speed was China’s colorful culture. Speed did many cool things in China. In Henan, he went to the Shaolin Temple and learned kung fu. It was hard work, but he enjoyed it a lot. He would never forget wearing traditional Chinese clothes for the first time. He tried some local foods, like douzhi, which tasted strange at first, but he was brave enough to give them a try. In big cities like Beijing and Shanghai, Speed experienced China’s high-speed trains. He found it unbelievable that the train could go so fast and smoothly. The mobile payment systems were also a big shock to him. Whether in a store or a supermarket, Chinese people always use their phones to pay. He soon learned to use apps like Alipay and found it super easy and convenient. Such modern technologies surprised him a lot. During Speed’s visit in China, a man from Rongchang, Chongqing, invited him to have a bite of “Rongchang braised goose” and gave him many gifts made in Rongchang. Feeling thankful, Speed asked him to visit America some day in return. “Rongchang Brother” isn’t the only one who has shown the friendly act. Two aunties gave him a “necklace” of chilies and a string of homemade pork sausages. Besides, one of his fans even dressed up like his favorite soccer player Cristiano Ronaldo to welcome him. Wherever he went, people always treated him nicely. Speed’s live streams showed everyone how lively and free China really is. By sharing his real experiences, he broke down the wrong ideas that some Western people had about China. As a foreigner said on his YouTube, “Now we can see the real China, not just what others tell us.” His videos taught everyone that it’s important to see things for yourself instead of believing everything you hear. After all, seeing is believing. 1．Did Speed’s trip to China become very popular all over the world? 2．How many cities in China did Speed visit this time? 3．According to the third paragraph, what surprised Speed a lot? 4．If your foreign friend wants to visit China, which city will you advise him or her to visit? And Why? 5．将短文中划线句子翻译成中文。 Passage 3 (24-25·八下·湖南省衡阳市衡阳县·期末) 阅读下面短文，按要求完成下列各题。 Among all the farmer writers in Yongzhou, Hunan, Wang Yiwu, Hu Hailin and Wei Donglin are the most famous. Born in the 1960s, the three all started writing in the early 1980s. Although they faced many challenges, none of them gave up their hobby of writing. As the oldest of the three, Wang Yiwu is a man with rich life experiences. After working and doing business (生意) in big cities for many years, he finally went back to his hometown. We can learn about the natural beauty of the land and his love for it from his poems (诗). Hu Hailin is good at writing fiction. 4. 事实上，他从中学起就是一个读书爱好者。It was always his dream to become a writer. To make it come true, he worked during the day and wrote stories at night. Finally, his hard work paid off. Now he has finished several books. They tell the stories of common people fighting against a difficult life. Wei Donglin mainly writes essays (散文). He has published (出版) about 100 essays on the Internet since 2007. And his works have appeared in some magazines as well. He lives in a beautiful and peaceful village. 5.The enjoyable living environment makes his works full of positive energy (正能量). Although the three haven’t achieved great success, they keep working hard to write better works. Also, they are asking more people in Yongzhou to join them. We can expect to see more farmer writers in this city. 1．When did the three farmer writers start writing? 2．What can we learn from Wang Yiwu’s poems? 3．How many essays has Wei Donglin published on the Internet since 2007 ? 4．将短文中的画线句子翻译成英文。 5．将短文中的画线句子翻译成中文。 Passage 4 (24-25·八下·湖南省岳阳县·期末) 阅读下面的短文，回答问题并将划线部分译成英文或中文。 In the past, very few foreigners visited the southern foot of Himalayas. But many Japanese went there later. It is said that it is because of the honesty of a small boy. Some Japanese photographers once stayed in Himalayas. One day they gave money to a local boy and asked him to buy ten bottles of beer. Usually it took the boy about three hours to do it. The next day, the boy volunteered to buy beer for them. The photographers gave him a lot of money. But the boy did not come back that day. So the photographers thought the boy cheated them. However, the boy came back on the second afternoon. He told them that he bought four bottles of beer at one store. (A) Then he climbed the mountains and crossed a river to buy another six. On the way back, three bottles of them were broken. The boy cried and brought the broken pieces of bottles to the photographers. He also gave them the changes (零钱). Hearing the story, all the people there were moved. The story moved more and more people. Then more travelers came to the place. 1．Why did many Japanese go to the southern foot of Himalayas? 2．How long did it usually take the boy to buy ten bottles of beer? 3．How many bottles of beer did the boy bring to the photographers at last? 4．What do you think of the boy? 5．将 (A) 翻译成中文： Passage 5 (24-25·八下·湖南省衡阳市石鼓区·期末) 阅读下面的短文，回答问题或将划线部分译成英文。 Have you ever listened to country music? Do you know the history of country music? There are many kinds of American music. 乡村音乐是最流行的种类之一。It started from the west and the south of America in the early 1920s. In the American West, cowboys (牛仔) watched the cattle (牛) all day long. To stay awake, the cowboys drank strong coffee. Also, they sang to relax and have fun. They sang about the stars and the moon, their family and their friends. Sometimes they played the guitar and violin. In the American South, many people came from the UK. They enjoyed their own kind of music. Besides (除……之外) the guitar and violin, they also used instruments (乐器) from their homes, such as spoons. When they visited their family and friends on holidays, they usually sang and played music together. Country music has been popular for about 100 years. One important reason is that it describes life. It talks about love, jobs, home, and so on. Everyone knows something about these ideas. Many fans of the music like to wear cowboy clothes and dance together. Many bands all over the world now play the music. 1．Where did country music start? 2．Did cowboys watch the cattle all day? 3．Why has country music been popular for about 100 years? 4．How do people like country music? 5．将划线部分的句子翻译成英文。 Passage 6 (24-25·八下·湖南省衡阳市衡南县·期末)  阅读下面的短文，回答问题或翻译划线句子。 A blind box keeps what’s inside a secret (秘密). Usually, there are toys in blind boxes, but now stores are putting leftover (过剩的) food in them. The food inside is near its expiration date (保质期) and will be thrown away if no one buys it. Each box costs little money but has a lot of food inside. They are more and more popular in China’s cities, such as Beijing, Nanjing and Chengdu. Back in 2021 when I was studying in the UK, I bought leftover blind boxes from an app called Too Good To Go. Each box cost about 3 to 5 pounds (27 to 45 yuan), and there were usually three to four things inside. For example, a box I bought from the coffee shop Costa had three kinds of bread and one cake. The box cost 3 pounds but the original price (原价) was around 10 pounds. Every time I bought a blind box, the excitement of opening it hit me first. That helped me save a lot of money. Wasting less food is also good for the environment. But the boxes also brought me problems. Since I can’t choose what’s in the box, sometimes I got the same kind of food. Also, the food may not be healthy enough. I had to make other dishes, such as a salad, to make the meal healthier. 1．What do stores put in blind boxes now? 2．Are the leftover blind boxes getting popular in China now? 3．How did the writer feel at first every time he bought a blind box? 4．Will you buy leftover blind boxes, and why? 5．将短文划线句子翻译成中文。 Passage 7 (24-25·八下·湖南省株洲市炎陵县·期末) 阅读下面的短文，回答问题或将划线部分译成中文。 A strong earthquake (地震) hit central Myanmar (缅甸) on March 28, 2025, at 2:20 p.m. (Beijing Time). The earthquake was 7.9 in magnitude (震级) and happened 30 kilometers underground. The center of the earthquake was near Sagaing Region, close to China’s border. The earthquake caused serious problems. In Myanmar, 144 people died and 732 were hurt. Many buildings in Mandalay and Naypyidaw fell down. Important places like the Sagaing Bridge and Mandalay Airport were destroyed. In Thailand, a tall building in Bangkok collapsed (倒塌), killing three people. In China’s Yunnan Province, two people were slightly hurt. Rescue (营救) work was difficult because roads were broken. China sent a medical team with drones (无人机) to help. The United Nations promised $5 million for aid. Scientists say Myanmar is on the Sagaing Fault, where two big earth plates meet. This area often has strong earthquakes. “I told my students two things. First, we should protect ourselves, because it is not a game. Second, we should get ready for everything in time,” said Adelina, a teacher of the middle school. Although all the buildings in the school fell down, everyone was safe. Because both the students and the teachers had learned some life-saving skills, they quickly ran out of the buildings. 1．When and where did the earthquake happen? 2．How many people were hurt in Myanmar? 3．Why was rescue work challenging after the earthquake? 4．What will you do if you face the earthquake? 5．将划线的句子翻译成中文。 Passage 8 (24-25·八下·湖南省岳阳市岳阳楼区·期末) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Have you ever visited a history museum? Near Chengdu, China, there is a special museum called Sanxingdui. It holds ancient treasures from over 3,000 years ago. These artifacts (古器物) change what we know about China’s past. Inside the museum, you will see amazing things. There is a very tall bronze statue (青铜雕像) with big eyes and large ears. Golden masks (面具) are so thin that they look like they could float. The most interesting piece is a bronze tree with birds and dragons on its branches. Long ago, people may have believed this tree connected heaven (天堂) and earth. Sanxingdui is full of mysteries (神秘). Scientists found these objects in 1986, but there are no writings to tell us about the people who made them. Who were they? Why did they disappear? When you visit, you can try to solve these puzzles (谜) yourself. The museum building looks modern. If you want to learn more about the ancient culture, you can use screens to see the artifacts closely. There is also a VR room that shows what life might have been like in this ancient culture. Sanxingdui teaches us that history still has many secrets. The more we learn, the more questions we have. Maybe the ancient people wanted us to keep wondering about them. 1．Where is the Sanxingdui Museum? 2．What does the tall bronze statue look like? 3．How can visitors learn more about the ancient culture at the museum? 4．If you could visit the Sanxingdui Museum, what would you like to do there? Why? 5．将划线的句子译成中文。 Passage 9 (24-25·八下·湖南省永州市道县·期末) 阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答问题或翻译划线部分。 The National Health Commission (NHC国家卫生健康委员会), joined by 16 departments, issued the “Implementation Plan for the Weight Management Year Activity (体重管理年)”. The goal is to establish a good environment for weight management within three years, greatly improving people’s health. Obesity (肥胖) is not just about appearance but is closely related to various diseases, including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and heart disease. Statistics show that the prevalence of overweight and obesity in China has reached 50.7%, and it’s predicted to rise to 70.5% by 2030. To deal with this situation, a series of measures have been taken, For example, schools across the country are encouraged to provide at least two hours of physical education classes per week. Hospitals have set up special “weight management clinics” where professional doctors offer personalized diet and exercise plans. They also use some traditional Chinese medicine methods to help patients. At home, people are advised to pay attention to their eating habits. Instead of choosing fried and high-sugar foods, they should eat fresh vegetables, chicken and beef. Meanwhile, doing exercise is also important. It could be something as simple as walking, cycling or dancing for 30 minutes a day. 1．How many departments joined the NHC to issue the “Implementation Plan for the Weight Management Year Activity”? 2．What percentage of Chinese people are predicted to be overweight or obese by 2030 according to the plan?   3．What measures have schools taken to deal with obesity according to the passage? 4．As a student, what can you do to join the Weight Management Year Activity? 5．把划线句子翻译成中文。 Passage 10 (24-25·八下·湖南省岳阳市平江县·期末) 阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容完成下列各题。 This year, many primary and middle schools in China made an important change: extending (延伸) the break (休息) time from the traditional 10 minutes to 15 minutes. This change has brought much attention and discussion among students, parents, and educators. A student from Beijing said “I can have more time to relax and share interesting things with my classmates now.” Before this change, the 10-minute breaks were so short that students often felt hurried. They had to quickly move to the next class, with little time to relax. But now, with the extra (额外的) 5 minutes, the schoolyards take on a new look. Students can be seen in different activities during the break. Some play games on the playground, some read books in the library, and others talk with friends in the hallways. To make the most use of these 15-minute breaks, schools organize different kinds of activities. For example, some schools hold short sports competitions, like 50-meter races or mini-basketball games. These activities can enrich (丰富) students’ break time and they are also good for their body and mind. However, longer breaks also bring some challenges. For example, students’ safety during breaks is a big problem. Thus, schools, teachers, and parents must work together to overcome these difficulties and make the longer breaks a success. 1．What change did many primary and middle schools in China make this year? 2．Why do schools organize different kinds of activities? 3．What is the big problem of the longer breaks? 4．Do you like the change of the break time? Why or why not? 5．将短文中画线句子翻译成中文。 Passage 11 (24-25·八下·湖南省常德市鼎城区·期末) 阅读下面短文，按要求完成各小题。 My hometown is different from what it looked like before. Great changes have taken place here in the past ten years. （4）Ten years ago, it used to be a poor village. People could only walk through the mountain roads to get there. Only one or two families had bikes or radios. People lived in low straw thatched cottages（茅草屋）. （5）现在，在政府的帮助下，我的家乡已经改变了许多。We have built a new highway. So it’s convenient to go in and out of the village. Also, the villagers helped build some schools in order to let children get a good education. People have made more money by working in the cities. Most families have had a car or a truck. All the villagers are living in new houses. The environment in my hometown has also turned better. There are many trees and flowers, and there is a beautiful park in our town. It has been in the town for three years. Every day after dinner, people would like to go to the park to enjoy themselves. We are living a happy life now. I believe that one day my hometown will become a better place. 1．How could people get to the village ten years ago? 2．Has the environment turned better? 3．What would people like to do every day after dinner? 4．将划线句子翻译成中文。 5．将划线句子翻译成英文。 Passage 12 (24-25·八下·湖南省衡阳市八中教育集团·期末) 阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Mount Tai, Mount Song, Mount Hua, Mount Heng in Shanxi Province and Mount Heng in Hunan Province are the Five Great Mountains of China. They are famous as Wuyue in Chinese culture. Mount Heng in Hunan lies in the south of Hengyang. It has been a Taoist holy land (道教圣地) in ancient times. It is also regarded as the birthplace of the worship (礼拜) of Zhurong, the fire god. The main peaks (山峰) of Mount Heng include Huiyan Peak, Zhurong Peak, Zigai Peak and Yuelu Mountain. Zhurong Peak is the highest among them. It is about 1,300 meters above sea level. It is said that in ancient times, Zhurong taught his people how to make a fire. In order to show great respect (尊敬) to him, people called the highest peak of Mount Heng Zhurong Peak. Mount Heng’s culture came from the fire culture. The first day of the eighth lunar month is said to be the birthday of the fire god. It is now a festival at Mount Heng, called ganbayue. Every year, people from all over the country gather there to pray (祈祷) for good luck and longevity (长寿). Liu Jianguo, a visitor from Shaoyang, says that it is almost a tradition that his family visit Mount Heng on the Lunar New Year’s Day. They often set out early in the morning, arrive the same day and pray that their family receive peace and health. 1．Where is Mount Heng in Hunan ? 2．How high is Zhurong Peak ? 3．Why did people call the highest peak of Mount Heng Zhurong Peak ? 4．Have you ever been to Zhurong Peak? What do you think of it ? 5．将短文中画线句子翻译成中文。 主题03 人与自然——动物世界;环境保护 Passage 1 (24-25·八下·湖南省邵阳市新邵县·期末) 阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答问题或翻译句子。 We all know that fish live in water. But there is a kind of fish that can live out of water for a long time. They are lungfish (肺鱼). Lungfish are a special kind of fish. Generally, fish don’t have lungs (肺). They breathe with gills (鳃). But lungfish have both lungs and gills. This helps them to live both in and out of water. When they are in water, they use their gills to breathe. When they are out of water, these fish breathe with their lungs. They can live out of water for months, and sometimes even for years. Lungfish are one of the oldest bony fish (硬骨鱼) on earth today. They appeared on the planet around four hundred million (百万) years ago. Some studies show that lungfish once probably lived all over the world, but some of them died out (灭绝) for several reasons. Now, we can only find these fish in Africa, South America, and Australia. Lungfish are one of the largest freshwater (淡水中生长的) fish in the world. Some of them can grow up to about 2 meters long. These fish feed on plants and other small animals. 他们能活到大约20岁。The oldest known lungfish was over 80 years old when it died. 1．Why can lungfish live both in and out of water? 2．When did lungfish appear on the planet? 3．Where can we find lungfish now? 4．What do lungfish eat? 5．请把划线句子翻译成英文。 Passage 2 (24-25·八下·湖南省益阳市赫山区·期末) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题或翻译画线部分。 On November 13, 2023, people all over Kenya (肯尼亚) joined in their first National Tree-planting Day. The holiday was to encourage people to plant more trees. Kenya is famous for its beautiful forests and animals. But people cut down many of Kenya’s forests mainly for wood or to make farms. So there are fewer forests in Kenya now. The government wants to plant 15 billion (十亿) trees by 2032 to cover 30% of the land with trees. In early November, the government said that National Tree Growing Day would be on November 13. To get ready for the day, the government prepared 150 million young trees for planting. They also made a special app to help organize the tree planting. The app helps people collect young trees, find places to plant, and record their work. It also helps the government know how many trees they have planted in different parts of the country. On that day, many people in Kenya came out to take part in the holiday. Hundreds of people joined in, even though it was raining. Government leaders (领袖) helped plant trees in different areas. Workers, students, families, and other groups also came to help. 1．(24-25八下·湖南益阳赫山区·期末)When did the first National Tree-planting Day in Kenya happen? 2．(24-25八下·湖南益阳赫山区·期末)Why did people cut down many of Kenya’s forests? 3．(24-25八下·湖南益阳赫山区·期末)How many young trees did the government prepare for planting on November 13, 2023? 4．(24-25八下·湖南益阳赫山区·期末)Is it important for people to join in tree-planting activities? Why or why not? 5．(24-25八下·湖南益阳赫山区·期末)将短文中画线句子翻译成中文。 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题07 知识运用之阅读表达 主题01 人与自我——兴趣爱好；人生哲理；个人经历；个人成长；生活技能 Passage 1 (24-25·八下·湖南省衡阳市祁东县·期末) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题或翻译划线部分。 What do you usually do in your free time? Many young people grow vegetables on the balcony (阳台). Let’s see what the two young people think of that. Zhang Chao, a 17-year-old boy, is one of the “balcony farmers”. He likes to grow tomatoes at home when he is free. His love for that comes from his grandfather. When he was small, he lived in the countryside with his grandparents. And he learned to grow vegetables from his grandfather at that time. For Zhang, growing vegetables at home is not easy work, but it is important. Fang Minke is a girl student from Shenzhen. She likes growing vegetables on the balcony, too. She started to do that last year. For her, growing vegetables on the balcony is a good way to relax, and it brings her much fun. “When I see the nice colors and enjoy the clean air, I feel relaxed and close to nature!” she said. 1．What vegetables does Zhang Chao like to grow at home when he is free? 2．Who did Zhang Chao learn to grow vegetables from? 3．When did Fang Minke start to grow vegetables on the balcony? 4．Do you like growing vegetables? Why or why not? 5．将短文中划线句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．Tomatoes. 2．His grandfather. 3．Last year. 4．Yes, I do. Because it is relaxing and fun. 5．当他还小的时候，他和他的祖父母住在乡下。 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了两位年轻人张超和方敏可喜欢在阳台上种植蔬菜的故事，以及他们各自的感受和经历。 1．根据文章第1段“He likes to grow tomatoes at home when he is free.”可知，张超空闲时喜欢在家里种番茄。故填Tomatoes. 2．根据文章第1段“And he learned to grow vegetables from his grandfather at that time.”可知，张超是从爷爷那里学会种菜的。故填His grandfather. 3．根据文章第2段“She started to do that last year.”可知，方敏可是去年开始在阳台上种菜的。故填Last year. 4．(开放性答案，合理即可)，参考答案为Yes, I do. Because it is relaxing and fun. 5．When“当……时候”，引导时间状语从句；he“他”，从句的主语；was“是”，谓语；small“小的”，形容词，作表语；he“他”，主句的主语；lived“居住”，谓语；in the countryside“在乡下”，地点状语；with“和”，介词；his“他的”，形容词性物主代词；grandparents“祖父母”，作宾语。故填：当他还小的时候，他和他的祖父母住在乡下。 Passage 2 (24-25·八下·湖南省衡阳市常宁市·期末) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题或翻译画线部分。 What do you usually do in your free time? Many young people grow vegetables on the balcony (阳台). Let’s see what the two young people think of that. Zhang Chao, a 17-year-old boy, is one of the “balcony farmers”. He likes to grow tomatoes at home when he is free. His love for that comes from his grandfather. When he was a little boy, he lived in the countryside with his grandparents. And he learned to grow vegetables from his grandfather at that time. For Zhang, growing vegetables at home is not easy work, but it is important. Fang Minke is a girl student from Shenzhen. She likes growing vegetables on the balcony, too. She started to do that last year. For her, growing vegetables on the balcony is a good way to relax, and it brings her much fun. “When I see the nice colors and enjoy the clean air, I feel relaxed and close to nature!” she said. 1．What vegetables does Zhang Chao like to grow at home when he is free? 2．Who did Zhang Chao learn to grow vegetables from? 3．What does Fang Minke think of growing vegetables on the balcony? 4．Do you like growing vegetables? Why or why not? 5．将短文中画线句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．Tomatoes. 2．His grandfather. 3．It is a good way to relax and brings her much fun. 4．Yes, because it’s interesting and helps me feel close to nature. 5．当他还是个小男孩的时候，他和祖父母住在农村。 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了两位年轻人（张超和方敏珂）在阳台上种植蔬菜的经历和感受。 1．根据文章第1段“He likes to grow tomatoes at home when he is free.”可知，张超空闲时喜欢在家种西红柿。故填tomatoes。 2．根据文章第1段“he learned to grow vegetables from his grandfather at that time.”可知，张超是从他的祖父那里学会种菜的。故填his grandfather。 3．根据文章第2段“For her, growing vegetables on the balcony is a good way to relax, and it brings her much fun.”可知，方敏珂认为在阳台种菜是一种放松的好方式，并给她带来很多乐趣。故填It is a good way to relax and brings her much fun。 4．开放性作答，结合实际，言之有理即可。参考答案为Yes, because it’s interesting and helps me feel close to nature。 5．“When”是“当……时候”；“he was a little boy”是“他是个小男孩”；“lived in”是“居住在”；“the countryside”是“农村；乡村”；“with his grandparents”是“和他的祖父母一起”。故填：当他还是个小男孩的时候，他和祖父母住在农村。 Passage 3 (24-25·八下·湖南省邵阳市隆回县·期末) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题或翻译画线部分。 Last Sunday, Mom and I were working in the garden (花园). We were transplanting (移栽) some flowers in the garden for the third time. At first, the flowers grew in a small flowerpot (花盆). Later we transplanted them into a larger pot, and then into the garden. We would move to a new house, so we were transplanting them again. I didn’t know much about flowers, so I asked Mom, “Won’t it hurt these flowers to transplant them so many times?” “Oh, Mary,” said Mom, “transplanting doesn’t hurt them. In fact, it’s good for them. That’s how the flowers grow strong. They grow deep and become strong flowers.” Often, I feel like those small flowers, because changes often happen in my life. When I meet changes in life, I often ask myself these questions: Will this be hard on me? Won’t it be much better if things stay the same? Then I remember Mom’s words: That’s how the flowers grow strong. 1．How many times did Mary and Mom transplant the flowers? 2．Why did Mary and Mom transplant the flowers last Sunday? 3．Is transplanting good or bad for the flowers? 4．What does Mary often do when meeting changes in life? 5．翻译画线部分 【答案】1．Three times. 2．Because they would move to a new house. 3．It’s good for them. 4．She often asks herself some questions. 5．我常常觉得自己就像那些小花，因为生活中总是充满变化。 【导语】本文主要讲述了玛丽和妈妈多次移栽花的经历，以及玛丽从移栽花这件事中领悟到面对生活变化的道理。 1．根据“We were transplanting some flowers in the garden for the third time.”以及后文提到的“we were transplanting them again”可知，玛丽和妈妈一共移栽了三次花，故填Three times. 2．根据“We would move to a new house, so we were transplanting them again.”可知，玛丽和妈妈上周日移栽花是因为她们要搬到新房子去，故填Because they would move to a new house. 3．根据“transplanting doesn’t hurt them. In fact, it’s good for them.”可知，移栽对花是有好处的，故填It’s good for them. 4．根据“When I meet changes in life, I often ask myself these questions…”可知，玛丽在生活中遇到变化时，经常问自己一些问题，故填She often asks herself some questions. 5．画线部分“Often, I feel like those small flowers, because changes often happen in my life.”中，Often译为“常常”；I feel like those small flowers译为“我觉得自己就像那些小花”；because changes often happen in my life译为“因为生活中总是充满变故”。故填：我常常觉得自己就像那些小花，因为生活中总是充满变化。 Passage 4 (24-25·八下·湖南省永州市蓝山县·期末) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题或翻译画线部分。 I grew up in the countryside. I didn’t understand what it brought to me until I became an adult. It helped me learn more practical skills than my friends who grew up in cities. I learned to cook at around 10 years old. The first skill I learned was making dough (面团). In my hometown of Ningxia, people make noodles for dinner. Since my parents often came home late, a prepared dough would help my family have dinner sooner. I thought it would be easy because I often saw my mom do it-just mix water and flour (面粉), right? Not quite! It was a mess for a while. First, I made the dough too soft. Then, I made it too hard. But as I kept trying, I learned the trick (窍门). Later, I cooked fried dishes and things like dumplings. I fell in love with cooking because it’s a good way to relax. Thanks to my cooking skills, I live a better life when I need to work from home. I cook every meal instead of ordering delivery (外卖). It saves money, and it’s healthier. This may be why I’m so happy to know that students now have labor education (劳动教育) at school in China. These practical skills will help them for the rest of their lives. 1．Where did the writer grow up? 2．Why did the writer fall in love with cooking? 3．What does the writer think of cooking at home? 4．Do you want to have labor education at school? Why or why not? 5．把划线句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．In the countryside of Ningxia. 2．Because it’s a good way to relax. 3．It saves money and is healthier. 4．Yes, because it can teach us useful skills and help us in life. (答案合理即可) 5．我学到的第一个技能是制作面团。 【导语】本文讲述了作者在宁夏农村长大，从小学习做饭的经历，以及烹饪技能对生活的好处，并表达了对学校开展劳动教育的赞同。 【详解】1．根据“I grew up in the countryside.”和“in my hometown of Ningxia”可知，作者是在宁夏的农村长大的。故填In the countryside of Ningxia. 2．根据“I fell in love with cooking because it’s a good way to relax.”可知，作者喜欢做饭是因为它是放松的好方式。故填Because it’s a good way to relax. 3．根据“I cook every meal instead of ordering delivery. It saves money, and it’s healthier.”可知，作者认为在家做饭既省钱又健康。故填It saves money and is healthier. 4．开放性试题，回答合理即可。可结合原文最后一段“practical skills will help them for the rest of their lives”作答。参考答案为Yes, because it can teach us useful skills and help us in life. 5．The first skill I learned“我学到的第一个技能”；was“是”；making dough“制作面团”。句子说明学习技能的先后顺序和内容。故填：我学到的第一个技能是制作面团。 Passage 5 (24-25·八下·湖南省岳阳市汨罗市·期末) 阅读下面短文，按要求完成后面各个小题。 A museum blogger (博主) named “Shui Xing” has become a big hit on the Internet these days. In her videos, she shows people around the museums across China. The blogger’s real name is Wang Yini. She is a post-95 girl from Jilin Province. She is interested in archaeology (考古学) from an early age. When she was little, her parents often took her to museums. These experiences of visiting museums gave her the idea of studying archaeology when she grew up. Wang started making videos about archaeology in 2020. She did this because she found that many people had misunderstanding (误解) about archaeology. Besides, she wanted to share her knowledge in the field. However, her videos didn’t get much attention (关注) at first. Wang thought about it carefully and realized that she didn’t choose subjects that would interest people. She worked hard and finally found a way to tell stories in an interesting way. “The key is to interest the online users with interesting story lines. This makes it easier for them to understand what I say,” she said. Now Wang is a teacher in Liaoning University. She wants to train more talents in archaeology. At the same time, she tries to make more interesting videos for people. She hopes to let more people know where our culture comes from so that we can know where to go in the future. 1．Who is Shui Xing? 2．What gave her the idea of studying archaeology when she grew up? 3．Why can’t her videos get much attention at first? 4．Do you want to be a person like Wang? Why or why not? 5．将短文中的划线句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．She is a museum blogger./A museum blogger. 2．The/These experiences of visiting museums. 3．Because she didn’t choose interesting subjects. 4．Yes, because she uses creative ways to spread culture, helping people understand history. 5．她努力工作，最终找到了一种有趣的方式来讲述故事 【导语】本文主要介绍了博物馆博主水星对于考古的喜爱，以及她在网络上走红的原因。 【详解】1．根据“A museum blogger (博主) named ‘Shui Xing’ has become a big hit on the Internet these days.”可知，水星是一个博物馆博主。故填She is a museum blogger./A museum blogger. 2．根据“These experiences of visiting museums gave her the idea of studying archaeology when she grew up.”可知，参观博物馆的经历给了她长大后考古的想法。故填The/These experiences of visiting museums. 3．根据“Wang thought about it carefully and realized that she didn’t choose subjects that would interest people.”可知，王旖妮仔细思考了一下，意识到自己所选的科目并没有能引起大家的兴趣。故填Because she didn’t choose interesting subjects. 4．开放性问题，需结合原文中王旖妮用有趣方式传播文化的目标作答，言之成理即可。故填Yes, because she uses creative ways to spread culture, helping people understand history. 5．She：她；worked：工作；hard：努力地；finally最后；found a way：找到一个方法；tell stories：讲故事；in an interesting way：用一个有趣的方式。故填：她努力工作，最终找到了一种有趣的方式来讲述故事。 Passage 6 (24-25·八下·湖南省郴州市·期末) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答1—4小题，翻译第5小题。 In today’s world, two young Chinese men are using technology (技术) to change the future. Let’s learn about their cool stories. Liang Wenfeng was born (出生) in 1985 in Zhanjiang, Guangdong. He was good at math when he was a child. By the time he was in junior high school, he already knew high school math and even taught himself college classes. At 17, he got into Zhejiang University with top grades and later got a master’s degree (硕士学位). When Liang was 38 years old, he set up DeepSeek. In 2024, DeepSeek’s AI model surprised the world. People like it very much because it can solve difficult problems faster than humans. Not too far away in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Wang Xingxing was doing amazing things too. Wang Xingxing is from Hangzhou, Zhejiang. When he was a university student, he loved making robots. At first, he made robots that looked like humans, but later he started making four-legged robots. His Xdog robot won prizes when he was studying for his master’s degree. In 2016, Wang started Unitree. He made a lot of robots. Some people didn’t think robots could be useful, but Wang didn’t give up. He believed in his ideas. His small team of about 10 engineers kept thinking of new ideas. Now, Unitree robots are used in factories and research all over the world. Their stories show us that brave and creative (有创造力的) young people can change the world. 1．When was Liang Wenfeng born? 2．What subject was Liang Wenfeng good at when he was a child? 3．What did Wang Xingxing love when he was a university student? 4．What can you learn from the two men’s stories? 5．将文中划线部分的句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．In 2. 3．Math. 4．He loved making robots. 5．Brave and creative young people can change the world. 6．人们非常喜欢它，因为它能比人类更快地解决难题。 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了梁文峰创立DeepSeek并推出受好评的AI模型，以及王兴兴创立Unitree并研发机器人的故事，体现了勇敢且有创造力的年轻人能够改变世界的主题。 1．根据第二段“Liang Wenfeng was born in 1985 in Zhanjiang, Guangdong.”可知，梁文峰于1985年出生在广东湛江。故填In 1985. 2．根据第二段“He was good at math when he was a child.”可知，梁文峰小时候擅长数学。故填Math. 3．根据第三段“When he was a university student, he loved making robots.”可知，王兴兴大学时喜欢制作机器人。故填He loved making robots. 4．根据最后一段“Their stories show us that brave and creative young people can change the world.”可知，他们的故事向我们表明，勇敢且富有创造力的年轻人能够改变世界。故填Brave and creative young people can change the world. 5．People“人们”，作句子的主语；like it“喜欢它”；very much“非常”，作状语；because“因为”，连词，引导原因状语从句；can“能”，情态动词；solve difficult problems“解决困难的问题”；faster than humans“比人类更快”。故填：人们非常喜欢它，因为它能比人类更快地解决难题。 Passage 7 (24-25·八下·湖南省怀化市·期末) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题或翻译画线部分。 In China, some schools have a “spring outing” every year. Students go to a park or some other scenic areas. People in the US also have their own special springtime customs. One example of this is spring break. In early March, all students in the US will have a break from school for about one week. Many students will use this time to go on vacation. High school kids usually travel with their parents. College students travel on their own. When I was in college, some of my friends and I took a road trip across the country for spring break. We saw all kinds of cool places and met lots of new friends along the way. Another tradition is spring cleaning. Each spring, many families will spend some time cleaning their houses and find some old things that they don’t want to keep. They sell the old things to their neighbors at low prices in their yards. It’s called a yard sale. You never know what you might find at a yard sale. I’ve found musical instruments, old books and all kinds of other interesting things. Spring cleaning is a good way to get a fresh start for the new year. 1．When is spring break in the US? 2．What did the writer do for spring break when he was in college? 3．What is a yard sale? 4．Have you ever thought about having a yard sale to sell your things? Why or why not? 5．将短文中画线句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．In early March. 2．He took a road trip across the country for spring break. 3．Families sell old things to their neighbors at low prices in their yards. 4．Yes. Because I think it’s interesting and green./No. Because I don’t want to sell my things. 5．沿途我们看到了各种各样酷的地方，并且遇到很多新朋友。 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了美国的春假和春季大扫除的传统习俗。 1．根据文章第二段“In early March, all students in the US will have a break from school for about one week.”可知，春假的时间是三月初。故填In early March. 2．根据文章第二段“When I was in college, some of my friends and I took a road trip across the country for spring break.”可知，作者在大学春假时进行了公路旅行。故填He took a road trip across the country for spring break. 3．根据文章第三段“They sell the old things to their neighbors at low prices in their yards. It’s called a yard sale.”可知，庭院拍卖是许多家庭在院子里低价出售不需要的旧物。故填Families sell old things to their neighbors at low prices in their yards. 4．开放性题目，言之有理即可。参考答案为Yes. Because I think it’s interesting and green./No. Because I don’t want to sell my things. 5．we“我们”；saw“看到”；all kinds of cool places“各种各样酷的地方”；and“并且”；met“遇到”；lots of new friends“许多新朋友”；along the way“沿途”。故填：沿途我们看到了各种各样酷的地方，并且遇到很多新朋友。 02 人与社会——榜样力量；教育故事；社会善意；校园生活；文化传统；文化传承；；饮食文化；传统故事；经典文学；人际关系 Passage 1 (24-25·八下·湖南省郴州市资兴市·期末) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题或翻译画线部分。 Andy Lau, a popular singer and actor from Hong Kong, is famous for his movies and music. He always shows his deep love for China in meaningful ways. To celebrate Hong Kong’s return to China in 1997, Andy Lau created the song Chinese. He wore a white Chinese-style shirt and stood on the Great Wall while filming the music video, feeling the weight of China’s long history. The lyrics (歌词) “Hand in hand, we move forward, letting the world know we are all Chinese” cheered up the nation. The song has become a timeless symbol of patriotism (爱国主义). Andy Lau doesn’t just sing about his love for China—he shows it in real life. In 1991, he risked his life performing dangerous stunts (特技) in a charity show to raise money for flood victims (受害者) in East China. Later, in 2008, after the Sichuan earthquake, he organized a big charity concert that lasted more than 8 hours to help with relief efforts (救灾工作). In 2024, when Andy Lau sang Chinese in Taipei. People there were deeply moved. Many fans from Taiwan sang along with him. This showed that music can bring all Chinese people closer together, no matter where they are from. Through years of music and actions, Andy Lau has worked hard to achieve his dream of bringing people from different parts of China closer together. His story teaches us that patriotism needs both words and actions. Let’s follow his example: the more we work together, the stronger our country will be! 1．What is Andy Lau? 2．Why did Andy Lau make the song Chinese? 3．How long did the charity concert in Sichuan last? 4．How do you like Andy Lau? 5．将文中划线部分的句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．A singer and actor./He is a singer and actor. 2．To celebrate Hong Kong’s return to China in 1997. 3．It lasted more than 8 hours/More than 8 hours/... 4．He is popular/kind/helpful. 5．这表明音乐能让所有中国人关系更加亲近。 【导语】本文介绍了香港著名歌手和演员刘德华，通过他的歌曲和慈善行动，展现了他对中国的深厚爱国情怀，启发读者以实际行动报效国家。 1．根据“Andy Lau, a popular singer and actor from Hong Kong”可知，刘德华是一位来自香港的著名歌手和演员。故填A singer and actor./He is a singer and actor. 2．根据“To celebrate Hong Kong’s return to China in 1997, Andy Lau created the song Chinese.”可知，刘德华创作歌曲《中国人》是为了庆祝香港回归。故填To celebrate Hong Kong’s return to China in 1997. 3．根据“he organized a big charity concert that lasted more than 8 hours to help with relief efforts”可知，赈灾义演持续了8个多小时。故填It lasted more than 8 hours/More than 8 hours/... 4．本题为开放性作答，言之有理即可。可参考：He is popular/kind/helpful. 5．This showed“这表明”；that引导宾语从句“音乐可以让所有中国人更加团结”；music“音乐”；can bring…closer together“可以使……更加团结”；all Chinese people“所有中国人”。句子表达音乐在增进民族团结方面的作用。故填：这表明音乐可以让所有中国人更加团结。 Passage 2 (24-25·八下·湖南省娄底市市直学校·期末) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答56-59小题，60小题为英译汉。 On February 17th, 2021, Mao Xianglin from Chongqing got the title of “Touching China 2020 Person of the Year”. People call him a modern version (版本) of Yu Gong. In 1959, Mao Xianglin was born in a small village. It’s a village with steep cliffs (陡峭的悬崖) of more than 1,100 meters high. In 1997, he became the head of the village. Then he made a decision to build a road to the outside world. At that time, many villagers thought he was crazy, because they believed it was impossible. However, Mao Xianglin never gave up. He said to the villagers, “If we want to become rich, we must build a road to the outside world. ” At the same time, he tried his best to raise money for it. That winter, he took about 100 villagers to start to work. While they were building the road, they met lots of problems. After seven years of hard work, they finally finished building the road in 2004. Since then, their village has changed a lot. Nowadays people there are all living a rich and happy life. 1．What title did Mao Xianglin get on February 17th, 2021? 2．How long did it take to build the road? 3．Why did many villagers think Mao Xianglin was crazy? 4．What do you think of Mao Xianglin? 5．将短文中划线的句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．He got the title of “Touching China 2020 Person of the Year”. 2．It took seven years to build the road. 3．Because they believed it was impossible to build a road to the outside world. 4．He is brave, determined and responsible. 5．当他们在修路的时候，遇到了很多问题。 【导语】本文讲述了重庆村民毛相林于2021年荣获 “感动中国2020年度人物” 称号的故事。他带领村民历时7年在1100米高的悬崖上修通公路，改变了村庄贫困面貌，被誉为“当代愚公”。通过不懈努力，最终让村民过上了富裕幸福的生活。 【详解】1．根据“On February 17th, 2021, Mao Xianglin from Chongqing got the title of ‘Touching China 2020 Person of the Year’.”可知，2021年 2月17日，来自重庆的毛相林获得了“2020年度感动中国人物”的称号。故填He got the title of “Touching China 2020 Person of the Year”. 2．根据“After seven years of hard work, they finally finished building the road in 2004.”可知，修路花费了七年时间。故填It took seven years to build the road. 3．根据“At that time, many villagers thought he was crazy, because they believed it was impossible.”可知，村民觉得他疯狂是因为认为修通往外界的路是不可能的。故填Because they believed it was impossible to build a road to the outside world. 4．根据文中内容可知，他不顾村民质疑，决定修路并坚持下来，展现出勇敢和决心；他为了村子发展努力，体现出有责任感。答案不唯一，回答合理即可。故填He is brave, determined and responsible. 5．本句是一个包含时间状语从句的复合句。“While”意为“当……的时候”；“were building the road”意为“在修路”；“they”为“他们”；“met”是“meet”的过去式，表示“遇到”；“lots of problems”意为“很多问题”。故填：当他们在修路的时候，遇到了很多问题。 Passage 3 (24-25·八下·湖南省邵阳市大祥区·期末) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容完成下列任务。 Lauren is a kind girl from Iowa, USA．She started to volunteer when she was 14. She worked at a food bank and helped give out food to people in need. She found there were very few fresh vegetables in the food. “Why not do something to change that?” Lauren thought. Lauren told her parents that she wanted to start a garden on their family farm. Her parents supported (支持) her. But they had no idea how to grow vegetables. They couldn’t help Lauren. Lauren learnt everything on the Internet—What kind of vegetables can she plant? When should she plant them? How much water do the vegetables need? She even took lessons on how to plant vegetables. Lauren spent a lot of time in her garden. She worked hard. In hot summer, she watered the vegetables by hand for about two to three hours every day. She went to see the vegetables every day to make sure they grew well. In the past two years, Lauren已经种植了15种蔬菜。And she has got more than 3,000 kg of them. She gave them away to the food bank, an old people’s home and a soup kitchen. People thanked Lauren for her kindness. “Many people help you out, but it makes more difference when you help other people out. That’s what makes me most happy,” Lauren said. 1．Where is Lauren from? 2．Did Lauren work hard in her garden? 3．What did Lauren do with the vegetables she grew? 4．将短文中划线的句子翻译成中文。 5．将短文中划线的句子翻译成英文。 【答案】1．Iowa, USA. 2．Yes, she did. 3．She gave them away to the food bank, an old people’s home and a soup kitchen. 4．她14岁时就开始做志愿者了。 5．Lauren has grown 15 kinds of vegetables. 【导语】本文讲述了来自美国爱荷华州的善良女孩劳伦通过自身努力种植蔬菜并捐赠给有需要的人，传递爱心与温暖的故事。 【详解】81．根据“Lauren is a kind girl from Iowa, USA.”可知，Lauren来自美国爱荷华州。故填Iowa, USA. 1．根据“Lauren spent a lot of time in her garden. She worked hard.”可知，Lauren在花园里很努力。故填Yes, she did. 2．根据“She gave them away to the food bank, an old people’s home and a soup kitchen.”可知，Lauren把蔬菜捐赠给了食物银行、养老院和施粥所。故填She gave them away to the food bank, an old people’s home and a soup kitchen. 3．She“她”；started to“开始”；volunteer“做志愿者”；when“当”；she was 14“她14岁时”。故填：她14岁时就开始做志愿者了。 4．“已经种植了”提示本句时态为现在完成时，主语“Lauren”为第三人称单数，故用“has+过去分词”结构，“种植”的英文表达为“grown”，“15种蔬菜”的英文表达为“15 kinds of vegetables”。故填Lauren has grown 15 kinds of vegetables. Passage 4 (24-25·八下·湖南省长沙市浏阳市·期末) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Students may want to feed street cats in school, but they may not know where the cats are. Now, at Beijing Foreign Studies University (BFSU), students can use their phones to find school cats and get to know them. To give school cats a better life, students of the university made a WeChat mini-program (小程序)—— Beiwai Cats. On it, every cat in the university has an“ID card”. The cards show the cats’ photos and also have stories about them. Cat lovers can also adopt (收养) school cats on the mini-program. Zhou Hengxiao, 20, helped make the mini-program. He is a member of the BFSU Love Cats Group. He says it is useful for both the students and the cats. Through the mini-program, students can learn more about the cats. The group is also active on Weibo, Bilibili and Xiaohongshu. “We share the culture of our university through the cats. When we make money from these platforms (平台), we will use it to feed the cats and help with their illnesses,” he says. The group hopes to add more cats near the university to Beiwai Cats. “Some people think it’s a little dangerous for students to feed the cats, but we just want to do our best to give every small life a home,” says Zhou. “Students can learn how to take care of others, too.” 1．What is the name of WeChat mini-program in the passage? 2．Why does Zhou Hengxiao think the mini-program is useful? 3．Does the group make money? 4．What can students learn by feeding the cats? 5．Do you think it is good for students to feed the cats? Why or why not? 【答案】1．Beiwai Cats. 2．Because through the mini-program, students can learn more about the cats. 3．Yes, it does. 4．Students can learn responsibility, empathy, nature and life education, and teamwork and collaborative abilities by feeding the cats. 5．Yes, I do. It helps them learn how to take care of others./No, I don’t. It’s dangerous for them. 【导语】本文主要介绍了北京外国语大学的一群学生为了给校园里的猫更好的生活，开发了一款叫做“北外猫”的微信小程序。学生可以通过小程序领养猫咪，并通过平台筹集资金，他们希望尽他们最大的努力为每一个小生命建立一个家。 【详解】1．根据第二段第一句“To give school cats a better life, students of the university made a WeChat mini-program (小程序)—— Beiwai Cats.”可知，微信小程序的名字是“北外猫”。故填Beiwai Cats. 2．根据第三段“He says it is useful for both the students and the cats. Through the mini-program, students can learn more about the cats.”可知，周恒孝说小程序对学生和猫咪都有益，通过这个小程序，学生们能更好地了解校园里的猫。故填Because through the mini-program, students can learn more about the cats. 3．根据“When we make money from these platforms (平台), we will use it to feed the cats and help with their illnesses,”可知，他们会从这些平台挣钱，并且把钱用于为猫咪提供食物和医疗帮助。所以是肯定回答。故填Yes, it does. 4．通读全文可知，学生可以从喂猫中学到的内容包括责任感、同理心、自然与生命教育以及团队合作技能。故填Students can learn responsibility, empathy, nature and life education, and teamwork and collaborative abilities by feeding the cats. 5．开放性试题，言之有理即可。根据题目要求可知，此处应回答喂猫对学生是否有好处以及原因。可以回答有好处，因为它能帮助学生们学习如何照顾他人；也可以回答没有好处，因为喂校园中的猫有危险。故填Yes, I do. It helps them learn how to take care of others./No, I don’t. It’s dangerous for them. Passage 5 (24-25·八下·湖南省株洲市攸县·期末) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题或翻译画线部分。 Spring Festival is a holiday for everyone On Dec. 4, 2024, UNESCO (联合国教科文组织) said Spring Festival is a world intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产). Spring Festival is China’s oldest and most important traditional festival. UNESCO said it helps bring families and people closer together. China’s Foreign Ministry spokesman (外交部发言人) Lin Jian said that it shows the ideas of peace (和平) and togetherness. He also advised (建议) people to visit China and experience the festival in person. Now, about 20 countries have made the first day of the Chinese New Year a public (公共的) holiday. About 20% of people around the world celebrate Spring Festival in their own ways. The important ideas of Spring Festival make it not just a Chinese festival, but one for everybody. So far, our country has 44 traditions on the Intangible Cultural Heritage list (目录). This makes China No.1 on the list. Such a position (位置) comes from our long and rich history. It helps share more stories about Chinese culture with the world. 1．When did Spring Festival get on the Intangible Cultural Heritage list? 2．What are the important ideas of Spring Festival? 3．What did Lin Jian advise people to do? 4．Do you agree “Spring Festival is a holiday for everyone”? Why or why not? 5．请将划线部分的句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．On Dec. 4, 2024. 2．It brings families and people closer together./Peace and togetherness./The ideas of peace and togetherness./The ideas of peace, togetherness, and bringing families and people closer. 3．To visit China and experience the festival in person. 4．Yes, I do. Because about 20% of people worldwide celebrate it/Because 20 countries made it a public holiday/Because it promotes peace and togetherness beyond culture. 5．这有助于向世界分享更多有关中国文化的故事。 【导语】本文主要介绍了春节被联合国教科文组织列为世界非物质文化遗产，阐述了其重要意义，以及春节在世界范围内的庆祝情况和中国在非物质文化遗产名录中的领先地位。 1．根据“On Dec. 4, 2024, UNESCO (联合国教科文组织) said Spring Festival is a world intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产).”可知，春节在2024年12月4日登上非物质文化遗产名录。故填On Dec. 4, 2024. 2．根据“UNESCO said it helps bring families and people closer together. China’s Foreign Ministry spokesman (外交部发言人) Lin Jian said that it shows the ideas of peace (和平) and togetherness.”可知，春节的重要理念是和平与团聚。故填It brings families and people closer together./Peace and togetherness./The ideas of peace and togetherness./The ideas of peace, togetherness, and bringing families and people closer. 3．根据“He also advised (建议) people to visit China and experience the festival in person.”可知，林剑建议人们访问中国并亲身体验这个节日。故填To visit China and experience the festival in person. 4．开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案为：Yes, I do. Because about 20% of people worldwide celebrate it/Because 20 countries made it a public holiday/Because it promotes peace and togetherness beyond culture. 5．It“它”；helps“帮助”；share with“分享”；more stories about Chinese culture“更多有关中国文化的故事”；the world“世界”。故填：这有助于向世界分享更多有关中国文化的故事。 Passage 6 (24-25·八下·湖南省湘潭市湘乡市·期末) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题或翻译画线部分。 The new Ne Zha movie, Ne Zha 2: The Sea Battle, came out (上映) on January 29, 2025. It tells the story of Ne Zha, a boy with magic powers, and his friend Ao Bing, the dragon prince. In this movie, Ne Zha has new and hard problems. Bad people say Ne Zha does bad things. He has to show he is good and save his home at the same time. But Ne Zha is brave, and he never gives up. His strong mind makes people like him a lot. In the film, Ne Zha and Ao Bing must protect the human world from the angry Dragon Kings. Together, they face the Dragon Kings and try to change people’s minds about them. The movie’s pictures are very beautiful. The creators used Chinese art styles, such as ink (墨水) paintings. The colors are bright, and the world in the movie looks real. We can see big and beautiful palaces under the sea. The fight scenes are really exciting. Every part of the movie is fun to watch. People of all ages like this movie. It’s fun to watch, and it also tells us good things. It shows that if we are brave, we can beat any problem. 1．When did Ne Zha 2: The Sea Battle come out? 2．Who are the main characters in the film? 3．What Chinese art style did the creators use in the movie? 4．Do you like Ne Zha? Why? 5．将短文中画线句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．On January 29, 2025. 2．Ne Zha and Ao Bing. 3．Traditional Chinese ink painting style. 4．Yes, because he is brave and never gives up.（答案不唯一） 5．它表明，如果我们勇敢，就能战胜任何困难。 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了电影《哪吒2：魔童闹海》的上映时间、主要人物、影片中运用的中国艺术风格以及影片传达的意义等内容。 1．根据文章第一段“The new Ne Zha movie, Ne Zha 2: The Sea Battle, came out on January 29, 2025.”可知，电影于2025年1月29日上映 。故填On January 29, 2025. 2．根据文章第一段“It tells the story of Ne Zha, a boy with magic powers, and his friend Ao Bing, the dragon prince.”，可知主要人物是哪吒和敖丙。故填Ne Zha and Ao Bing. 3．根据文章第三段“The creators used Chinese art styles, such as ink paintings.”，可知运用的中国传统水墨画风格，故填Traditional Chinese ink painting style. 4．这是开放性题目，结合文章中对哪吒的描述，可合理作答，答案不唯一，合理即可，示例答案为：Yes, because he is brave and never gives up. 5．本句是复合句，包含一个主句和一个条件状语从句。主句：“It shows that...”，It是形式主语，指代前文提到的内容，shows是谓语动词，意为“表明；显示”，that引导宾语从句，作shows的宾语。条件状语从句：“if we are brave”，if是连词，引导条件状语从句，we是从句主语，are是系动词，brave意为“勇敢的”，是形容词作表语。 宾语从句的主句部分：“we can beat any problem”，we是主语，“can beat”是谓语，can是情态动词，后接动词原形 beat（打败），“any problem” 是宾语，意为“任何困难”。故填“它表明，如果我们勇敢，就能战胜任何困难。” Passage 7 (24-25·八下·湖南省常德市联盟校·期末) A museum vlogger (博主) named “Shui Xing” has become a big hit on the Internet these days. In her videos, she shows people around the museums across China. The vlogger’s real name is Wang Yini. She is a post-95 girl from Jilin Province. She is interested in archaeology (考古学) from an early age. When she was little, her parents often took her to museums. These experiences of visiting museums gave her the idea of studying archaeology when she grew up. Wang started making videos about archaeology in 2020. She did this because she found that many people had misunderstanding (误解) about archaeology. Besides, she wanted to share her knowledge in the field. However, her videos didn’t get much attention (关注) at first. Wang thought about it carefully and realized that she didn’t choose subjects that would interest people. She worked hard and finally found a way to tell stories in an interesting way. “4. The key is to interest the online users with interesting story lines. This makes it easier for them to understand what I say,” she said. Now Wang is a teacher in Liaoning University. She wants to train more talents in archaeology. At the same time, she tries to make more interesting videos for people. 5. 她希望让更多的人知道我们的文化来自哪里。In this way, we can know where to go in the future. 1．Who is Shui Xing? 2．What gave her the idea of studying archaeology when she grew up? 3．Did her videos get much attention at first? 4．将短文中画线句子翻译成中文。 5．将短文中画线句子翻译成英文。 【答案】1．Shui Xing is a museum vlogger and her real name is Wang Yini. 2．The/These experiences of visiting museums. 3．No, they didn’t./No. 4．关键是用有趣的故事线引起网民的兴趣/关注。 5．She hopes to let more people know where our culture comes from. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了博物馆博主“水星”（王旖旎）如何通过短视频分享考古知识，并最终吸引大量关注的故事。 1．根据“A museum vlogger (博主) named ‘Shui Xing’”和“The vlogger’s real name is Wang Yini.”可知，“水星”是一位博物馆博主，真名是王旖旎。故填Shui Xing is a museum vlogger and her real name is Wang Yini. 2．根据“These experiences of visiting museums gave her the idea of studying archaeology when she grew up.”可知，这些参观博物馆的经历给了她长大后学习考古学的想法。故填The/These experiences of visiting museums. 3．根据“However, her videos didn’t get much attention (关注) at first.”可知，她的视频起初并未获得太多关注，应作否定回答。故填No, they didn’t./No. 4．the key“关键”；is“是”；interest“使感兴趣”；the online users“网民”；with“用”；interesting story lines“有趣的故事线”。故填：关键是用有趣的故事线引起网民的兴趣/关注。 5．she“她”；hope to do sth.“希望做某事”；let sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”；more people“更多的人”；know“知道”，后接where引导的宾语从句；our culture“我们的文化”；come from“来自”。结合语境可知，主从句都用一般现在时，主语she为第三人称单数，culture为不可数名词，谓语动词都用三单形式。故填She hopes to let more people know where our culture comes from. Passage 8 (24-25·八下·湖南省永州市祁阳市·期末) 阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题和翻译句子。 The best thing to start your day is a good breakfast. There are different types of breakfasts around the world. “Eat breakfast like a king, lunch like a prince and dinner like a pauper (穷人).” As the old saying tells us, breakfast is the most important meal of the day. It provides us with energy after a long night without food. If people don’t have breakfast in the morning, they will feel tired and get angry easily. Breakfast helps children stay more focused in school. A study showed that children who eat breakfast regularly score higher in most subjects. Breakfast is also important for weight loss. If you have a balanced breakfast, you will eat less throughout the day. A healthy and balanced breakfast should include (包含) some protein (蛋白质) like eggs, milk or a little meat, which makes you energetic all day. And carbohydrates (碳水化合物) like rice or bread can keep you active. Vegetables and fruit have the vitamins (维生素) that humans need. However, in China, breakfast is different from region to region. Porridge with pickles, baozi, noodles, soybean milk and youtiao are common throughout the whole country. Although Western culture has influenced China a lot, most people still like traditional Chinese breakfast better. They think that Chinese breakfast is not only easily digested (消化), but also can provide enough energy in the morning. 1．How will people feel if they don’t have breakfast in the morning? 2．What should a healthy and balanced breakfast include? 3．Why do Chinese people like traditional Chinese breakfast better? 4．Is your breakfast healthy? What do you usually eat for breakfast? 5．将划线部分译成中文。 【答案】1．They will feel tired and get angry easily. 2．It should include some protein like eggs, milk or a little meat, carbohydrates like rice or bread, and vegetables and fruit. 3．Because they think that Chinese breakfast is not only easily digested, but also can provide enough energy in the morning. 4．Yes, it is. I usually eat eggs, milk and bread for breakfast. 5．虽然西方文化对中国影响很大，但大多数人仍然更喜欢传统的中式早餐。 【导语】本文主要讲述了早餐的重要性，还介绍了健康均衡早餐应包含的食物，以及中国不同地区早餐的差异和中国人更喜爱传统中式早餐的原因。 1．根据“If people don’t have breakfast in the morning, they will feel tired and get angry easily.”可知，如果人们早上不吃早餐，就会感到疲倦，而且很容易生气。故填They will feel tired and get angry easily. 2．根据“A healthy and balanced breakfast should include (包含) some protein (蛋白质) like eggs, milk or a little meat...And carbohydrates (碳水化合物) like rice or bread can keep you active. Vegetables and fruit have the vitamins (维生素) that humans need.”可知，一顿健康均衡的早餐应该包含一些蛋白质、碳水化合物、蔬菜和水果。故填It should include some protein like eggs, milk or a little meat, carbohydrates like rice or bread, and vegetables and fruit. 3．根据“They think that Chinese breakfast is not only easily digested (消化), but also can provide enough energy in the morning.”可知，中国人更喜欢传统中式早餐的原因是中式早餐不仅容易消化，还能在早上提供充足的能量。故填Because they think that Chinese breakfast is not only easily digested, but also can provide enough energy in the morning. 4．开放性问答，言之有理即可。参考答案为：Yes, it is. I usually eat eggs, milk and bread for breakfast. 5．Although意为“虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句；Western culture“西方文化”；has influenced China a lot现在完成时“对中国影响很大”；most people“大多数人”；still“仍然”；like...better“更喜欢”；traditional“传统的”；Chinese breakfast“中式早餐”。故填：虽然西方文化对中国影响很大，但大多数人仍然更喜欢传统的中式早餐。 Passage 9 (24-25·八下·湖南省张家界市慈利县·期末) 阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答问题或翻译画线部分。 One summer, Confucius (孔子) with his students went to the State of Chu. When going through a large forest, they saw an old man standing under a tree catching cicadas (蝉), with a bamboo stick. Confucius said, “You are very good at catching cicadas. You must have some special skills.” “That’s right!” the old man answered. “The cicada is a clever little insect. If they hear the noise of the leaves in the wind, they will fly away. Therefore, people who want to catch cicadas must train their hands to hold a bamboo stick without shaking. If you can place three pellets (弹珠) on top of the bamboo stick without falling off, you might be able to catch cicadas. When five pellets are placed on top without falling off, catching cicadas is as easy as picking a ball up from the ground.” He then added, “But that is not enough. People must be good at hiding themselves. Right now, I am standing under a tree like half a tree stump (树桩). Last but not least, one must focus on his or her work. When I am catching cicadas, I only see their wings. No matter what happens, nothing will upset me.” Hearing this, Confucius turned to his students and said, “No matter what you do, you can only succeed if you love what you are doing and pay enough attention to it. This is what this old man has taught us.” 1．Which place did Confucius and his students go to? 2．What did Confucius and his students see in the forest? 3．What did the old man think of the cicada in this story? 4．What can we learn from the old man according to Confucius? 5．将短文中划线的句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．The State of Chu. 2．They saw an old man catching cicadas. 3．Clever. 4．To love and focus on what we do. 5．无论发生什么，都不会让我心烦意乱。 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了孔子和学生们在楚国的一片森林中遇到一位擅长捕蝉的老人，老人分享了他的捕蝉技巧，孔子从中领悟到专注和热爱的重要性。 【详解】146．根据文章“One summer, Confucius with his students went to the State of Chu.”可知孔子和学生们去的地方是楚国。故填The State of Chu. 1．根据文章“they saw an old man standing under a tree catching cicadas”可知孔子和学生们在森林中看到的是一位捕蝉的老人。故填They saw an old man catching cicadas. 2．根据文章“The cicada is a clever little insect.”可知老人认为蝉是一种聪明的小昆虫。故填Clever. 3．根据文章“No matter what you do, you can only succeed if you love what you are doing and pay enough attention to it.”可知孔子从老人身上学到的是热爱和专注的重要性。故填To love and focus on what we do. 4．这是一个主从复合句，包含一个让步状语从句和一个主句 。让步状语从句：“No matter what happens”，属于“no matter + 疑问词（what）” 引导的让步状语从句结构，在句中作状语，表明“无论发生何种情况”  。其中，“what”是连接代词，在从句中作主语；“happens”是谓语动词，意为“发生” 。主句：“nothing will upset me”，是主谓宾结构。“nothing”是不定代词，作主语，意为“没有什么（东西/事情）” ；“will upset”是谓语，“will”是助动词，与动词“upset（使心烦；使苦恼）” 一起构成一般将来时，表示 “将会使……” ；“me”是人称代词宾格，作宾语。 故填：无论发生什么，都不会让我心烦意乱。 Passage 10 (24-25·八下·湖南省衡阳市衡山县·期末) 阅读下面短文，按要求完成各小题。 The Adventures of Tom Sawyer 《汤姆索亚历险记》is a classic written in 1876 by the famous writer Mark Twain. With a simple storyline, the book is like a biography (自传) of a summer in Tom Sawyer’s life. Tom Sawyer is a child whose parents are dead, lives with his aunt in the small town on the Mississippi River. He has many clever ideas, but doesn’t like school, and always likes to run away to fish. Tom has a friend named Huck Finn. He is seen uneducated (未受教育的) outside while actually kind and independent inside. They together have great adventures (冒险) on the Mississippi River, like playing different roles, going to their own funeral (葬礼) and seeing a murder (谋杀). Tom is so brave that he even speaks out the murderer in court. Finally, he and his friends find a lot of treasures and become very rich. Mark Twain wrote this novel according to his own childhood and his personal experience. 这个故事之所以精彩，是因为汤姆索亚让人想起童年最美好的时光。 It is a story full of action, adventure, creative ideas, love with both what Twain did or wishes he did during his childhood. 1．Who wrote The Adventures of Tom Sawyer? 2．What do you think of the boy Tom Sawyer according to the passage? 3．Do Tom and Finn have many great adventures together in the story? 4．He is seen uneducated (未受教育的) outside while actually kind and independent inside.(英译汉) 5．这个故事之所以精彩 ，是因为汤姆索亚让人想起童年最美好的时光。(汉译英) 【答案】1．Mark Twain. 2．Clever and brave. 3．Yes, they do. 4．他被认为在外面没有受过教育， 但实际上内心善良而独立。 5．The story is wonderful because Tom Sawyer reminds us of the best time of childhood. 【导语】本文主要介绍了马克·吐温的著名作品《汤姆·索亚历险记》。 1．根据“The Adventures of Tom Sawyer 《汤姆索亚历险记》is a classic written in 1876 by the famous writer Mark Twain.”可知，这本书是马克·吐温写的。故填Mark Twain. 2．根据“He has many clever ideas,；Tom is so brave that he even speaks out the murderer in court.”可知，汤姆·索亚聪明又勇敢。故填Clever and brave. 3．根据“They together have great adventures (冒险) on the Mississippi River, like playing different roles, going to their own funeral (葬礼) and seeing a murder (谋杀).”可知，汤姆和芬恩一起经历过许多伟大的冒险，用肯定回答。故填Yes, they do. 4．主语He意为“他”；be seen as意为“被看作”；uneducated意为“没有受过教育的”；outside意为“在外面；while意为“然而”；actually意为“实际上”；kind意为“善良的”；independent意为“独立的”；inside意为“在心里”。故答案为：他被认为在外面没有受过教育，但实际上内心善良而独立。 5．“这个故事”翻译为The story；“之所以”翻译为“because”；“精彩”翻译为“wonderful”；“汤姆索亚”翻译为Tom Sawyer；“让人想起”翻译为“reminds sb. of”；“童年”翻译为“childhood”；“最美好的时光”翻译为“the best time”。故答案为The story is wonderful because Tom Sawyer reminds us of the best time of childhood. Passage 11 (24-25·八下·湖南省常德市澧县·期末) Everyone wants to own the friendship, because without a friend, the world is like a desert. Too many people want others to be their friends, but they don’t give friendship back. Learning to be a good friend means learning the following rules. Honesty (诚实) is where a good friendship starts. Friends must be able to trust (信任) one another. If you don’t tell the truth, people usually find out, and you may lose your friends’ trust. Good friends always trust in one another to speak and do things honestly. Generosity means sharing. You don’t have to give your lunch money or your clothes, of course. Instead you share your ideas and feelings. These can be valuable (宝贵的) to a friend. By sharing them, you help your friends know you better. Sooner or later, everyone needs understanding and help with a problem. Something may go wrong at school. Talking about the problem can make it easier to solve. Turning to a friend can be a first step in solving the problem. So to be a friend, you must listen and understand. You must try to put yourself in your friend’s place, so you can understand the problem better. No two friendships are ever exactly alike. But all true friendships have three things in common. In fact, good friendship will just not easily last. That is to say, you must give as much as you take, or friendship will die away. 1．What are the three rules to be a good friend? 2．Which is the base of friendship among the three rules? 3．How do you let your friends know you? 4．In what way can you keep friendships long? 5．将短文中划线句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．Honesty, generosity and understanding. 2．Honesty. 3．By sharing your ideas and feelings. 4．We should follow the three rules and give the friendship back. 5．也就是说，你必须得到多少就要给予多少，否则友谊就会消失。 【导语】本文主要阐述了成为好朋友需要遵循的三个重要原则，以及如何维持长久的友谊。 1．根据“Honesty (诚实) is where a good friendship starts.”，Generosity means sharing.”及“everyone needs understanding and help with a problem.”可知，做一个好朋友的三条规则是诚实、慷慨和理解。故填Honesty, generosity and understanding. 2．根据“Honesty (诚实) is where a good friendship starts.”可知，诚实是友谊的起点，故它是基础。故填Honesty. 3．根据“Instead you share your ideas and feelings. These can be valuable (宝贵的) to a friend. By sharing them, you help your friends know you better.”可知，分享你的想法和感受可以让你的朋友更了解你。故填By sharing your ideas and feelings. 4．开放性试题，答案不唯一，合理即可。参考答案为We should follow the three rules and give the friendship back. 5．That is to say“也就是说”；you“你”；must“必须”；give as much as you take“得到多少就要给予多少”；or“否则”；friendship“友谊”；will die away“会消失”。故填：也就是说，你必须得到多少就要给予多少，否则友谊就会消失。 Passage 12 ((24-25八下·湖南娄底新化县·期末)) 阅读下面短文，按要求完成后面各个小题。 In the heart of a small town lived a boy named Tom. He was well- known in the community for his kindness and willingness to help others. One day, while on his way home from school, Tom noticed an old woman. She was trying to water her garden, but it seemed a bit hard for her. Seeing that, Tom decided to offer to help her every day after school. Tom kept his promise and watered the garden as if it were his own garden. Over time, the plants grew up. One summer, a serious drought (干旱) hit the town, and many plants died. However, the old woman’s garden remained green and full of vitality. People were amazed by the garden’s beauty and asked the old woman how she managed to keep her plants alive. The woman told them about Tom’s daily efforts and how his kindness had saved her garden. The story spread throughout the town, and people found Tom did well in taking care of plants. 4. 人们在种植植物有困难时，他们会向汤姆求助。 Years later, Tom became a famous botanist (植物学家). 5. He never forgot the experience of helping the old woman and continued spreading kindness. Kindness is like water to a plant. It can grow and bring out the best in everything around us. 1．What was Tom famous for in his community? 2．How was the old woman’s garden after a serious drought in summer? 3．What can we learn from this passage? 4．将短文中画线的句子翻译成英文。 5．将短文中画线的句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．His kindness and willingness to help others. 2．It remained green and full of vitality. 3．We should be willing to help others. (答案不唯一，言之有理即可) 4．When people had difficulty ingrowing plants, they would ask Tom for help. 5．他从未忘记帮助老妇人的经历并继续传播善意。 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一个名叫汤姆的男孩因善良和乐于助人在社区中闻名，他帮助一位老妇人照料花园，最终成为植物学家并持续传播善意的故事。 【详解】106．根据文章第一段“He was well-known in the community for his kindness and willingness to help others.”可知，Tom以他的善意和乐于助人的性格出名。故填His kindness and willingness to help others. 1．根据文章第二段“However, the old woman’s garden remained green and full of vitality.”可知，在一个夏天后，这位老妇人的花园依旧生机勃勃。故填It remained green and full of vitality. 2．根据最后一段“Kindness is like water to a plant. It can grow and bring out the best in everything around us.”可知，善良就像水之于植物。它可以成长，让我们周围的一切都展现出最好的一面。因此，我们应该善良待人，乐于助人。故填We should be willing to help others. 3．根据前文“people found Tom did well in taking care of plants.”可知，本句为一般过去时。When“当……时候”，引导时间状语从句；people“人们”，从句的主语；have difficulty in doing“做某事有困难”，have的过去式为had；growing“种植”，动名词，作宾语；plants“植物”，复数名词，作宾语；they“他们”，主句的主语；would“会”；ask sb for help“向某人求助”，Tom“汤姆”，人名，作ask的宾语。故填When people had difficulty in planting plants, they would ask Tom for help. 4．He“他”，主语；never“从未”，表示否定；forgot“忘记”，谓语；the experience of“……的经历”，名词短语；helping“帮助”，动名词，作宾语；the为定冠词，表示特指；old“年老的”，形容词，作定语；woman“妇女”，名词，作宾语；and“和”，表示并列；continued“继续”，谓语；spreading“传播”，动名词作宾语；kindness“善意”，不可数名词，作宾语。故填他从未忘记帮助老妇人的经历并继续传播善意。 主题03 人与自然——自然景观；自然生态；科普知识 Passage 1 (24-25·八下·湖南省长沙市宁乡市·期末) 阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 There are many waterfalls in China. Some are big, some are small, they are all beautiful. Today I’ll introduce four of them to you. Huangguoshu Waterfall, which sits in Anshun City, Guizhou Province, is the largest waterfall in China and one of the most famous natural wonders in Asia. With a height of 77.8 meters and a width of 101 meters, it looks like a “white curtain” pouring from the sky, producing thunderous sounds. Every year, millions of people come to visit this natural wonder. Sanxia Waterfall in Yichang, Hubei is a great natural landscape in China. It is one of the widest waterfalls and many people think it is the No.1 waterfall in the world. Hukou Waterfall, located on the Yellow River at the border of Shanxi Province and Shaanxi Province in northern China, is one of the most powerful waterfalls in the country. Known for its dramatic yellow-hued waters and thunderous roar, it is the second-largest waterfall in China (after Huangguoshu Waterfall). People can hear the sound from far away. Lushan Waterfall in Jiangxi is very beautiful. It’s well-known in China and the world because of the poem (诗) by Li Bai: It plunges straight down three thousand feet. As if the Silver River were falling from the Ninth Heaven. 1．How high is Huangguoshu Waterfall? 2．Where is Sanxia Waterfall? 3．Is Hukou Waterfall the largest waterfall in China? 4．Why is Lushan Waterfall well-known in China and the world? 5．Which waterfall do you like best? Why? 【答案】1．77.8 meters. 2．In Yichang, Hubei. 3．No, it isn’t. 4．Because of the poem by Li Bai. 5．I like Huangguoshu Waterfall best. Because it is the largest waterfall in China and looks like a “white curtain” pouring from the sky. 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国的四个瀑布，包括黄果树瀑布、三峡瀑布、壶口瀑布和庐山瀑布的基本情况。 1．根据黄果树瀑布的描述“With a height of 77.8 meters and a width of 101 meters”可知，黄果树瀑布高77.8米，故填77.8 meters. 2．根据“Sanxia Waterfall in Yichang, Hubei is a great natural landscape in China.”可知，三峡瀑布在湖北宜昌，故填In Yichang, Hubei. 3．根据“Hukou Waterfall…is the second-largest waterfall in China (after Huangguoshu Waterfall).”可知，壶口瀑布不是中国最大的瀑布，故填No, it isn’t. 4．根据“Lushan Waterfall in Jiangxi is very beautiful. It’s well-known in China and the world because of the poem by Li Bai”可知，庐山瀑布闻名中外是因为李白的诗，故填Because of the poem by Li Bai. 5．开放性问题，答案不唯一。参考答案I like Huangguoshu Waterfall best. Because it is the largest waterfall in China and looks like a ‘white curtain’ pouring from the sky. Passage 2 (24-25·八下·湖南省常德市武陵区·期末) 阅读下面短文，按要求完成各小题。 The red panda is a cute and interesting animal. It is small and has red-brown fur. Many red pandas live in the forests of Sichuan and Yunnan in China. They spend most of their time in the trees. They like to climb trees and are very good at it. The red panda has a big tail and it helps to keep its balance (平衡) when it climbs. The red panda eats bamboo (竹子), just like the black and white panda. It also eats fruit and eggs. The red panda goes out to play and look for food at night and sleeps in the day. It doesn’t like to be together with other red pandas. Sadly, red pandas are in danger now. Their homes become smaller and sometimes they can’t find food because people cut down trees for farming. Also, many people kill red pandas for their beautiful fur. The red panda is a special and beautiful animal. We all should do what we can to help save them. 1．Where do red pandas spend most of their time? 2．What do red pandas eat? 3．Can red pandas sometimes find food easily? 4．What’s your favourite animal? 5．We all should do what we can to help save them. (将划线句子翻译成中文) 【答案】1．In the trees. 2．Bamboo, fruit and eggs. 3．No, they can’t. （只写No得一分；they can’t 写成they don’t，they didn’t等扣两分） 4．Pandas./ Dogs./ Cats… （言之有理即可，但需用复数形式或用定冠词指一类动物，只用单数得一分） 5．我们所有人都应该尽我们的所能来帮助拯救它们。 【导语】本文主要介绍了小熊猫这种可爱有趣的动物，包括其外貌、生活习性、饮食、面临的危险，呼吁大家尽力拯救小熊猫。 1．根据第一段“They spend most of their time in the trees.”可知，小熊猫大部分时间在树上度过。故填In the trees. 2．根据第二段“The red panda eats bamboo (竹子), just like the black and white panda. It also eats fruit and eggs.”可知，小熊猫吃竹子、水果和鸡蛋。故填Bamboo, fruit and eggs. 3．根据第三段“Their homes become smaller and sometimes they can’t find food because people cut down trees for farming.”可知，小熊猫有时不能轻易找到食物，所以答案是否定的。故填No, they can’t. （只写No得一分；they can’t写成they don’t，they didn’t等扣两分） 4．这是一个开放性问题，答案因人而异。可以根据个人喜好来回答，故填Pandas./ Dogs./ Cats… （言之有理即可，但需用复数形式或用定冠词指一类动物，只用单数得一分） 5．“We all”意思是“我们所有人”；“should”意思是“应该”；“do what we can”意思是“尽我们所能”；“to help save them”意思是“来帮助拯救它们”。故填：我们所有人都应该尽我们的所能来帮助拯救它们。 Passage 3 (24-25·八下·湖南省邵阳市武冈市·期末) “Dreams may be more important than sleep. We all need to dream,” some scientists say. Dreams take up about one quarter of our sleeping time. People have several (几个) dreams each night. Dreams are like short movies. They are usually in color. Some dreams are like old movies. They come to us over and over again. That may be because the dreamer is worrying about something. Dreaming may be a way of trying to find an answer. Some people get new ideas about their work from dreams. They may think about their work all day. These ideas can carry over into dreams. Sometimes we wake up with a good feeling from a dream. But often we can’t remember the dream. Dreams can go away quickly from memory. Too much dreaming can be harmful (有害的) . 5. The more we sleep, the longer we dream. The mind is hard at work when we dream. That’s why we may have a long sleep and still wake up tired. 1．How often do people dream? 2．Why do people often dream about their work? 3．What does the passage mainly tell us? 4．Will you share your dreams with your friends? Why or why not? 5．将短文中划线句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．People have several dreams each night. 2．They may think about their work all day. 3．Dreams./It tells us about dreams. 4．Yes, I will. Because we need to share with our friends...(言之有理即可) 5．我们睡得越多，梦就做得越久。 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了梦的重要性、特点以及梦与日常生活的关系。 1．根据文章第一段“People have several dreams each night.”可知，人们每晚都会做几个梦。故填People have several dreams each night. 2．根据文章第二段“They may think about their work all day. These ideas can carry over into dreams.”可知，人们经常梦到工作是因为他们整天都在思考工作。故填They may think about their work all day. 3．全文围绕梦的重要性和特点展开。故填Dreams./It tells us about dreams. 4．开放性作答，结合实际，言之有理即可。参考答案为Yes, I will. Because we need to share with our friends. 5．“The more...the longer...”是固定句型，表达为“越……越……”；“we sleep”译为“我们睡觉”；“we dream”译为“我们做梦”。整个句子为一般现在时，描述客观事实。故填：我们睡得越多，梦就做得越久。 主题01 人与自我——心理成长；个人成长；自我反思；兴趣爱好；个人成长 Passage 1 (24-25·八下·湖南省张家界市桑植县·期末) 阅读下面短文，按要求完成后面各个小题。 Dear Grace, Writing a diary is a good habit for expressing oneself. So it was natural for you to have felt unhappy that someone read your diary. I would suggest you have a longer chat with your mom. Being your mom does not give her the right to read our diary. Tell her how it makes you feel when she does this. Explain to her how important it is for you to have your own space. It might also be helpful to know why your mom wants to read your diary. Perhaps she is worried about you and wants to know how you are doing. If so, then you can let her know you will ask for help when you need it. You can discuss better ways for her to check up on you. For example, you can set up a regular time to tell her about things like what happens at school. 1. If you feel uncomfortable sharing your feelings with your mom, think about why. Then you and your mum will need to discuss how she can be more supportive. Hope my advice helps. Yours, Linda 2．Whom is this letter written to? 3．How did Grace feel when she knew her mom had read her diary? 4．What does Linda suggest Grace do with her mom? (No more than 12 words) 5．What would you do if your mom read your diary? 6．把划线句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．Grace. 2．Unhappy. 3．Have a longer chat with her mom. 4．I would talk to my mom about my feelings and ask for privacy. 5．如果你觉得和妈妈分享感受不舒服，想想为什么。 【导语】本文介绍了一封给格蕾丝的信，针对她因妈妈读其日记而不快的情况，给出了与妈妈沟通、了解原因及探讨更好相处方式等建议。 1．根据“Dear Grace”可知，信是写给Grace的。故填Grace. 2．根据“So it was natural for you to have felt unhappy that someone read your diary.”可知，Grace在知道妈妈看了她的日记时感到不开心。故填Unhappy. 3．根据“I would suggest you have a longer chat with your mom.”可知，其建议Grace和妈妈深入交流。故填Have a longer chat with her mom. 4．开放性试题，回答合理即可。参考答案为：I would talk to my mom about my feelings and ask for privacy. 5．“feel uncomfortable”表达“感到不舒服”；“If you feel uncomfortable”译为 “如果你觉得不舒服”；“sharing...with...” 表示“和……分享……”；“sharing your feelings with your mom”是动名词短语，译为“和你妈妈分享你的感受”；“think about”表达“想想”；“why”在这里指代 “为什么（会觉得不舒服）”。故填：如果你觉得和妈妈分享感受不舒服，想想为什么。 Passage 2 (24-25·八下·湖南师大附中·期末) 阅读下面短文, 根据短文内容回答问题。 In the past, Go (围棋) was just a fun activity for 5-year-old Deng Minghao. However, his opinion on Go became different after a visit to the Shanghai Chess and Cards Culture Museum in 2019. At the museum, Deng saw old photos and trophies (奖杯), and read stories about famous Go players. “Before, I didn’t care much about winning or losing. After the visit, I realized I wanted to achieve something meaningful,” he said. Noticing Deng’s interest, the museum guide advised him to learn Go more seriously at the Putuo Chess Academy (普陀棋院). Since then, Go has become Deng’s love. He visits the academy often to improve his skills, making rapid progress along the way. The Shanghai Chess and Cards Culture Museum plays an important role in developing an interest in Go and other board games among young people. Located on the first floor of the Shanghai Chess Academy at 595 West Nanjing Road, it covers over 1, 000 square meters. It has a lot of Go objects and ancient texts (文本), as well as screens and robots that allow visitors to play against AI. The mix of tradition and technology makes learning about Go more enjoyable. To better help young players like Deng, the museum plans to improve itself. It works with other programs to organize public lectures (公益讲座). Kids can get advice from excellent players during the lectures. Through these activities, the museum not only keeps the rich history of Go alive but also encourages young players to carry on the tradition. 1．What made Deng’s opinion on Go different? 2．Where is the Shanghai Chess and Cards Culture Museum located? 3．Who advised Deng Minghao to learn Go more seriously at the Putuo Chess Academy? 4．Has Deng made progress since he visited the Putuo Chess Academy? 5．What do you think of learning Go? 【答案】1．A visit to the Shanghai Chess and Cards Culture Museum in 2. 3．On the first floor of the Shanghai Chess Academy at 595 West Nanjing Road. 4．The museum guide. 5．Yes, he has. 6．It can not only exercise our thinking ability but also let us know the traditional culture. 【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了邓明浩因2019年参观上海棋牌文化博物馆而改变对围棋的看法并开始认真学习，同时介绍了该博物馆的位置、特色及其为帮助青少年所做的努力，包括组织公益讲座等，以传承围棋历史与传统。 1．根据“However, his opinion on Go became different after a visit to the Shanghai Chess and Cards Culture Museum in 2019.”可知，2019年参观上海棋牌文化博物馆让邓明浩对围棋的看法发生了改变。故填A visit to the Shanghai Chess and Cards Culture Museum in 2019. 2．根据“Located on the first floor of the Shanghai Chess Academy at 595 West Nanjing Road, it covers over 1,000 square meters.”可知，上海棋牌文化博物馆位于南京西路595号上海棋院一楼。故填On the first floor of the Shanghai Chess Academy at 595 West Nanjing Road. 3．根据“Noticing Deng’s interest, the museum guide advised him to learn Go more seriously at the Putuo Chess Academy.”可知，是博物馆的导游建议邓明浩去普陀棋院更认真地学习围棋。故填The museum guide. 4．根据“He visits the academy often to improve his skills, making rapid progress along the way.”可知，邓明浩自从去了普陀棋院之后取得了进步。故填Yes, he has. 5．开放性试题，答案合理即可。我认为学习围棋不仅能锻炼思维能力，还能让人了解传统文化。故填It can not only exercise our thinking ability but also let us know the traditional culture. Passage 3 (24-25·八下·湖南省娄底市涟源市·期末) Every Saturday morning, there may usually be a fight in hundreds of houses across America. Mom or Dad probably says kindly at first, “④. Could you please clean your room?” The kid may waste time doing nothing or just say “No”. As the morning passes slowly, the parent gets angry. “How many times do I have to tell you to clean up this mess? Get it done right now” The fight becomes worse. Sometimes parents just do the cleaning by themselves. What can parents do to improve the situation? Parents should set a good example. Keeping your own things in order will help kids develop the good habit. Tell kids clearly what a clean room is like. Before kids meet your expectations (期望), they must understand what you want them to do. Each thing should be in its place. If each thing has a home, it will be much easier for kids to tidy their rooms.⑤. 给你的孩子提供一些盒子。 Work together at labeling (贴标签) and deciding what goes where. 阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答问题或翻译划线部分。 1．When may there usually be a fight in hundreds of American families? 2．What should kids understand before they meet their parents’ expectations? 3．As a kid, how can you help improve the situation? 4．将短文中划线的句子翻译成中文。 5．将短文中划线的句子翻译成英文。 【答案】1．Every Saturday morning. 2．What their parents want them to do. 3．Cleaning the room by ourselves.（其他答案合理即可） 4．你（们）能打扫一下你（们）的房间吗？ 5．Provide your kid(s) with some boxes. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了父母如何让孩子养成爱整洁的好习惯。 1．根据“Every Saturday morning, there may usually be a fight in hundreds of houses across America.”可知，每周六上午，美国成百上千家都争吵。故填Every Saturday morning. 2．根据“Before kids meet your expectations (期望), they must understand what you want them to do.”可知，在孩子们达到他们父母的期望之前，他们必须要理解他们的父母想要他们做什么。故填What their parents want them to do. 3．根据题干，作为孩子，如何改善这一情况，此题为开放类试题，围绕自己打扫卫生即可。故填Cleaning the room by ourselves.（其他答案合理即可） 4．分析句子可知，Could you please翻译为“你（你们）能……”；clean翻译为“打扫一下”；your room翻译为“你（们）的房间”。故填：你（们）能打扫一下你（们）的房间吗？ 5．给……提供……：provide...with...；你的孩子：your kid(s)；一些盒子：some boxes。结合语境可知，此题为肯定祈使句。故填：Provide your kid(s) with some boxes. Passage 4 (24-25·八下·湖南省株洲市茶陵县·期末 ) 阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答问题或者翻译画线部分。 In 2004, the world came alive to The Chorus, a French film which tells us how a teacher brings love and hope to his students through music and then makes a difference to their lives. Now the similar story happened at Haiga Primary School in Liupanshui, Southwest China’s Guizhou Province, where Gu Ya, a 37-year-old teacher, helps children in mountainous areas learn to read music, play instruments, and start rock bands. In September 2016, Gu Ya, a then rock singer, arrived at the school as a Chinese teacher. “When I got there, there was only a teacher and fewer than ten students in two grades. It was really surprising. The kids were too shy to look at me in the eyes,” Gu said. “The day I arrived, Zheng Long, the headmaster of the school, told me that we had to care about not only the children’s studies and lives, but also their health in mind, helping them learn to dream and be more confident.” To open the hearts of the students and bring them confidence, Gu decided to teach them music. He taught students in grades one and two ukulele (尤克里里) and guitar, and students in grades three and four drums or bass guitar (贝斯吉他). In 2018, the school started its first rock band called Yu (Meeting). Not long after that, the second band “Unknown Boy”, and the other bands “Naughty Elf” and “Haiga Shaonian” were also set up one after another. Zheng Long was surprised at the power of music. Many children who learned to play music became more outgoing and got better grades in exams. Xiong Ting, a 15-year-old girl, was a student there before. She said,“Thanks to Mr. Gu, I was no longer a shy and quiet girl. I hope I could become a music teacher like him and bring change and hope to others.” 1．How did Gu feel when he first got to Haiga Primary School? 2．Why did Gu decide to teach the students music? 3．What changes did the students have because of learning to play music? 4．Do you like music? Why or why not? 5．将短文中划线的句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．He was really surprised. 2．To open the hearts of the students and bring them confidence. 3．They became more outgoing and got better grades in exams. 4．Yes (, I do). Because it helps me relax. 5．我希望我能成为一名像他一样的音乐老师，给他人带来改变和希望。 【导语】本文主要讲述了一位名叫Gu Ya的摇滚歌手转型为教师后，在贵州省六盘水市海嘎小学通过音乐教育改变山区孩子生活的故事。 1．根据“When I got there, there was only a teacher and fewer than ten students in two grades. It was really surprising.”可知，当Gu第一次来到海嘎小学，他是感到吃惊的。故填He was really surprised. 2．根据“To open the hearts of the students and bring them confidence, Gu decided to teach them music.”可知，为了打开学生的心扉，给他们带来信心，Gu决定教他们音乐。故填To open the hearts of the students and bring them confidence. 3．根据“Many children who learned to play music became more outgoing and got better grades in exams.”可知，许多学会演奏音乐的孩子变得更加外向，在考试中取得了更好的成绩。故填They became more outgoing and got better grades in exams. 4．开放性试题，答案不唯一，合理即可。参考答案为Yes (, I do). Because it helps me relax. 5．I“我”；hope“希望”；could“能够”；become a music teacher like him“成为一名像他那样的音乐老师”；bring change and hope to others“给别人带来改变和希望”。故填：我希望我能成为一名像他一样的音乐老师，给他人带来改变和希望。 Passage 5 (24-25·八下·湖南省湘西州古丈县·期末) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题或翻译画线部分。 At the age of 17, Hugh Herr had a rock climbing accident. He became lost on Mount Washington, U.S. The weather was terrible, and for four days, he waited for help in the snow and ice without any equipment or any food. When people arrived, Hugh couldn’t feel his legs. He spent two months in the hospital and finally lost both legs at the knee. Doctors gave him two artificial (人造的) legs, but they were painful, and he couldn’t continue rock climbing. But that didn’t stop Hugh! He decided to study mechanical engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). He designed and made his own artificial legs! He used springs (弹簧) because they were powerful. Now he could continue his favourite sport. He found he could climb even better than he could before his accident! He also continued his research, at Harvard. Today, Hugh is a professor at MIT and is co-founder(共同创立者) of iWalk, a company where in 2007, he helped create an amazing new artificial ankle (脚踝) called PowerFoot One. PowerFoot One uses a rechargeable battery and springs to make walking easier and more natural. For the first time, people with artificial legs can actually feel like they are walking. That year, Time magazine called it one of the best innovations of the year, together with the Boeing 787 Dreamliner and the iPhone. Of course, Hugh uses PowerFoot One himself! Thanks to Hugh, people with disabilities can enjoy a better quality of life. 1．Did Hugh lose both of his legs at the knee when he was 17? 2．Why didn’t he like the artificial legs doctors gave him? 3．What is Powerfoot One? 4．请将短文中画线句子翻译成中文。 5．What do you think of Hugh? 【答案】1．Yes, he did./Yes. 2．Because they were painful, and he couldn’t continue rock climbing. 3．An amazing new artificial ankle/A new artificial ankle. 4．多亏了休（的努力），残疾人可以享受更高质量的生活。 5．Hugh is brave/great/creative. 【导语】本文介绍了休·赫尔在17岁攀岩事故中失去双腿膝盖以下部分后，没有放弃，而是学习机械工程，设计制作自己的假肢，后来成为麻省理工学院教授并参与创立公司，研发出新型人造脚踝，帮助残疾人提高生活质量的故事。 【详解】1．根据“At the age of 17, Hugh Herr had a rock climbing accident... He spent two months in the hospital and finally lost both legs at the knee.”可知，休在17岁时膝盖处失去了双腿，故填Yes, he did./Yes. 2．根据“Doctors gave him two artificial (人造的) legs, but they were painful, and he couldn’t continue rock climbing.”可知，他不喜欢医生给的假肢是因为它们很痛，而且他不能继续攀岩了，故填Because they were painful, and he couldn’t continue rock climbing. 3．根据“he helped create an amazing new artificial ankle (脚踝) called Power Foot One.”可知，Power Foot One是一种令人惊叹的新型人造脚踝，故填An amazing new artificial ankle/A new artificial ankle. 4．Thanks to“多亏了；Hugh“休”；people with disabilities“残疾人”；can“能，可以”；enjoy“享受”；a better quality of life“更高质量的生活，故填：多亏了休（的努力），残疾人可以享受更高质量的生活。 5．根据短文内容，休在失去双腿后没有消沉，而是积极学习并研发假肢帮助自己和他人，可见他勇敢、伟大且有创造力，故填Hugh is brave/great/creative. 主题02 人与社会——名人轶事；文化传承；社会善意；音乐文化；社会现象；自然灾害； 历史文化；国家政策；教育政策；传统文化 Passage 1 (24-25·八下·湖南省长沙市雨花区金海中学·期末) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Among the relics (遗物) of Mao Zedong, there are two pairs of old reading glasses, one without the left leg and the other without the right. How do you put on a pair of glasses with only one leg? The answer is: wear them lying down. In his later years, Mao was in the habit of reading lying down. With his reduced vision (视力), he had to wear glasses. But no matter on which side he lay, one of his temples (太阳穴) was always painfully pressed. So the optician’s (眼镜商店) owner came up with a simple but practical idea: remove one of the glasses’ legs. Had it not been for his love of books, there might not have been two pairs of one-legged glasses. Anyone who has been to Mao’s residence (住处) was shocked by the vast collection of books everywhere. There were books on the bed, dining table, coffee table, even in the hallways and bathrooms. The Fengze Garden in Zhongnanhai, where he used to live, was like a small library, with 36 shelves against the walls. During the war years, it was not easy to get a few books. With each transfer (转移) of troops (部队), Mao was willing to simplify belongings, except for books. He had a large bag specially made for carrying books. No matter how hard it was, he would always keep the bag. After the founding of the People’s Republic of China, Mao no longer had to hide and read with anyone. Whenever he went out, even if it was only for a day or two, he took some books with him. Although he suffered from eye diseases as an older man, he ignored his doctor’s advice and read secretly. When the medical staff took away his books, his tears came out, “For me, reading is resting. I just love reading books all my life…” 1．Are the old reading glasses of Mao Zedong just normal? 2．Where was the vast collection of books in Mao’s residence? 3．During the war years, what was his special bag made for? 4．What did Chairman Mao take with him whenever he went out? 5．What’s your idea of reading books? 【答案】1．No, they aren’t. 2．On the bed, dining table, coffee table, even in the hallways and bathrooms./They were on the bed, dining table, coffee table, even in the hallways and bathrooms. 3．It was made for carrying books./For carrying books. 4．Some books./He took some books with him. 5．I think reading books is very useful. It can not only give us knowledge but also bring us happiness.(开放性试题，言之有理即可) 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了毛泽东晚年阅读习惯以及他对书籍的热爱，包括他使用特殊眼镜、藏书丰富、战争年代携带书籍以及外出时必带书的故事。 1．根据“Among the relics of Mao Zedong, there are two pairs of old reading glasses, one without the left leg and the other without the right.”可知，毛泽东的眼镜是特制的，缺少一条腿，并非普通眼镜。故填No, they aren’t. 2．根据“There were books on the bed, dining table, coffee table, even in the hallways and bathrooms.”可知，毛泽东的住处书籍遍布各处。故填On the bed, dining table, coffee table, even in the hallways and bathrooms./They were on the bed, dining table, coffee table, even in the hallways and bathrooms. 3．根据“He had a large bag specially made for carrying books.”可知，这个特制的大袋子是专门用来装书的。故填It was made for carrying books./For carrying books. 4．根据“Whenever he went out, even if it was only for a day or two, he took some books with him.”可知，毛泽东外出时总会带书。故填Some books./He took some books with him. 5．开放性作答，结合实际，言之有理即可。故填I think reading books is very useful. It can not only give us knowledge but also bring us happiness. Passage 2 (24-25·八下·湖南省张家界市永定区·期末) 阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答问题或翻译划线部分。 Darren Watkins Jr., known online as “iShowSpeed” or “Jia Kang Ge”, is a 20-year-old American YouTuber. With over 37 million fans, his recent trip to China became very popular around the world. Millions of people watched his live streams (直播) when he visited China. During his stay, Speed went to eight cities, like Shanghai, Beijing, and Chongqing. This is an unforgettable journey for him. What most impressed (使印象深刻) Speed was China’s colorful culture. Speed did many cool things in China. In Henan, he went to the Shaolin Temple and learned kung fu. It was hard work, but he enjoyed it a lot. He would never forget wearing traditional Chinese clothes for the first time. He tried some local foods, like douzhi, which tasted strange at first, but he was brave enough to give them a try. In big cities like Beijing and Shanghai, Speed experienced China’s high-speed trains. He found it unbelievable that the train could go so fast and smoothly. The mobile payment systems were also a big shock to him. Whether in a store or a supermarket, Chinese people always use their phones to pay. He soon learned to use apps like Alipay and found it super easy and convenient. Such modern technologies surprised him a lot. During Speed’s visit in China, a man from Rongchang, Chongqing, invited him to have a bite of “Rongchang braised goose” and gave him many gifts made in Rongchang. Feeling thankful, Speed asked him to visit America some day in return. “Rongchang Brother” isn’t the only one who has shown the friendly act. Two aunties gave him a “necklace” of chilies and a string of homemade pork sausages. Besides, one of his fans even dressed up like his favorite soccer player Cristiano Ronaldo to welcome him. Wherever he went, people always treated him nicely. Speed’s live streams showed everyone how lively and free China really is. By sharing his real experiences, he broke down the wrong ideas that some Western people had about China. As a foreigner said on his YouTube, “Now we can see the real China, not just what others tell us.” His videos taught everyone that it’s important to see things for yourself instead of believing everything you hear. After all, seeing is believing. 1．Did Speed’s trip to China become very popular all over the world? 2．How many cities in China did Speed visit this time? 3．According to the third paragraph, what surprised Speed a lot? 4．If your foreign friend wants to visit China, which city will you advise him or her to visit? And Why? 5．将短文中划线句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．Yes./Yes, it did. 2．8/Eight/8 cities/Eight cities. 3．Modern technologies. 4．I will advise him/her to visit Beijing because it is the capital of China with rich history and modern attractions like the Great Wall and the Forbidden City. 5．无论他走到哪里，人们总是对他非常的友好。 【导语】本文主要讲述了美国YouTuber “iShowSpeed”的中国之旅，他体验了中国文化、高铁、移动支付等，并感受到中国人民的友好。 1．根据“With over 37 million fans, his recent trip to China became very popular around the world.”可知，Speed的中国之旅在全球非常受欢迎。故填Yes./Yes, it did. 2．根据“During his stay, Speed went to eight cities, like Shanghai, Beijing, and Chongqing. This is an unforgettable journey for him.”可知，他此次访问了8个中国城市。故填8/Eight/8 cities/Eight cities. 3．根据“Such modern technologies surprised him a lot.”可知，现代科技让他很惊讶。故填Modern technologies. 4．本题是开放性试题，答案言之有理即可，参考答案为I will advise him/her to visit Beijing because it is the capital of China with rich history and modern attractions like the Great Wall and the Forbidden City. 5．Wherever he went“无论他走到哪里”；people“人们”；always“总是”；treated him nicely“对他非常的友好”。故填：无论他走到哪里，人们总是对他非常的友好。 Passage 3 (24-25·八下·湖南省衡阳市衡阳县·期末) 阅读下面短文，按要求完成下列各题。 Among all the farmer writers in Yongzhou, Hunan, Wang Yiwu, Hu Hailin and Wei Donglin are the most famous. Born in the 1960s, the three all started writing in the early 1980s. Although they faced many challenges, none of them gave up their hobby of writing. As the oldest of the three, Wang Yiwu is a man with rich life experiences. After working and doing business (生意) in big cities for many years, he finally went back to his hometown. We can learn about the natural beauty of the land and his love for it from his poems (诗). Hu Hailin is good at writing fiction. 4. 事实上，他从中学起就是一个读书爱好者。It was always his dream to become a writer. To make it come true, he worked during the day and wrote stories at night. Finally, his hard work paid off. Now he has finished several books. They tell the stories of common people fighting against a difficult life. Wei Donglin mainly writes essays (散文). He has published (出版) about 100 essays on the Internet since 2007. And his works have appeared in some magazines as well. He lives in a beautiful and peaceful village. 5.The enjoyable living environment makes his works full of positive energy (正能量). Although the three haven’t achieved great success, they keep working hard to write better works. Also, they are asking more people in Yongzhou to join them. We can expect to see more farmer writers in this city. 1．When did the three farmer writers start writing? 2．What can we learn from Wang Yiwu’s poems? 3．How many essays has Wei Donglin published on the Internet since 2007 ? 4．将短文中的画线句子翻译成英文。 5．将短文中的画线句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．In the early 1980s. 2．The natural beauty of the land and his love for it. 3．About 100. 5．In fact, he has been a book lover since middle school. 6．宜人的生活环境使他的作品充满正能量。 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了湖南永州最著名的三位农民作家王以武、胡海林和魏东林，他们面临诸多挑战但都未放弃写作爱好。 【详解】1．根据“Born in the 1960s, the three all started writing in the early 1980s.”可知，这三位农民作家在20世纪80年代初开始写作。故填In the early 1980s. 2．根据“We can learn about the natural beauty of the land and his love for it from his poems (诗).”可知，我们能从王以武的诗中了解到这片土地的自然之美以及他对这片土地的热爱。故填The natural beauty of the land and his love for it. 3．根据“He has published (出版) about 100 essays on the Internet since 2007.”可知，自2007年以来，魏东林在网上发表了大约100篇散文。故填About 100. 4．in fact“事实上”；he“他”，作主语；a book lover“读书爱好者”；middle school“中学”；since“自从”，现在完成时的标志词。题干时态是现在完成时“have/has+过去分词”，主语是he，助动词用has。故填In fact, he has been a book lover since middle school. 5．enjoyable“宜人的，令人愉快的”；living environment“生活环境”；makes“使得”；his works“他的作品”；full of“充满”；positive energy“正能量”。故填：宜人的生活环境使他的作品充满正能量。 Passage 4 (24-25·八下·湖南省岳阳县·期末) 阅读下面的短文，回答问题并将划线部分译成英文或中文。 In the past, very few foreigners visited the southern foot of Himalayas. But many Japanese went there later. It is said that it is because of the honesty of a small boy. Some Japanese photographers once stayed in Himalayas. One day they gave money to a local boy and asked him to buy ten bottles of beer. Usually it took the boy about three hours to do it. The next day, the boy volunteered to buy beer for them. The photographers gave him a lot of money. But the boy did not come back that day. So the photographers thought the boy cheated them. However, the boy came back on the second afternoon. He told them that he bought four bottles of beer at one store. (A) Then he climbed the mountains and crossed a river to buy another six. On the way back, three bottles of them were broken. The boy cried and brought the broken pieces of bottles to the photographers. He also gave them the changes (零钱). Hearing the story, all the people there were moved. The story moved more and more people. Then more travelers came to the place. 1．Why did many Japanese go to the southern foot of Himalayas? 2．How long did it usually take the boy to buy ten bottles of beer? 3．How many bottles of beer did the boy bring to the photographers at last? 4．What do you think of the boy? 5．将 (A) 翻译成中文： 【答案】1．Because of the honesty of a small boy. 2．About three hours. 3．Seven/7. 4．He is honest. 5．然后，他翻山越岭，渡过一条河去买另外六瓶。 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了喜马拉雅山南麓的一个小男孩因诚信打动日本摄影师，进而吸引更多游客到访的故事，强调诚信的重要性及其产生的积极影响。 1．根据第一段“It is said that it is because of the honesty of a small boy.”可知，许多日本人会前往喜马拉雅山的南麓是因为有一个小男孩的诚实行为。故填Because of the honesty of a small boy. 2．根据第二段“Usually it took the boy about three hours to do it.”可知，通常这个男孩买十瓶啤酒需要大约三个小时。故填About three hours. 3．根据第三段“He told them that he bought four bottles of beer at one store. Then he climbed the mountains and crossed a river to buy another six. On the way back, three bottles of them were broken.”可知，男孩先买了4瓶，又去买了6瓶，共10瓶；但回来时摔碎了3瓶，因此剩余4+6-3=7。故填Seven/7. 4．开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案为：He is honest. 5．Then“然后”；he“他”，人称代词主格；climbed the mountains“翻山越岭”，crossed a river“渡过河流”；to buy another six“去买另外六瓶 (啤酒)”为动词不定式，作目的状语。故填：然后，他翻山越岭，渡过一条河去买另外六瓶。 Passage 5 (24-25·八下·湖南省衡阳市石鼓区·期末) 阅读下面的短文，回答问题或将划线部分译成英文。 Have you ever listened to country music? Do you know the history of country music? There are many kinds of American music. 乡村音乐是最流行的种类之一。It started from the west and the south of America in the early 1920s. In the American West, cowboys (牛仔) watched the cattle (牛) all day long. To stay awake, the cowboys drank strong coffee. Also, they sang to relax and have fun. They sang about the stars and the moon, their family and their friends. Sometimes they played the guitar and violin. In the American South, many people came from the UK. They enjoyed their own kind of music. Besides (除……之外) the guitar and violin, they also used instruments (乐器) from their homes, such as spoons. When they visited their family and friends on holidays, they usually sang and played music together. Country music has been popular for about 100 years. One important reason is that it describes life. It talks about love, jobs, home, and so on. Everyone knows something about these ideas. Many fans of the music like to wear cowboy clothes and dance together. Many bands all over the world now play the music. 1．Where did country music start? 2．Did cowboys watch the cattle all day? 3．Why has country music been popular for about 100 years? 4．How do people like country music? 5．将划线部分的句子翻译成英文。 【答案】1．(It started) from the west and the south of America. 2．Yes, they did. 3．Because it describes life. 4．Good/Great/Excellent/… 5．Country music is one of the most popular kinds. 【导语】本文主要介绍了乡村音乐的起源与发展。 【详解】1．根据“It started from the west and the south of America in the early 1920s.”可知，它始于 20 世纪 20 年代初的美国西部和南部地区，故填(It started) from the west and the south of America. 2．根据“cowboys (牛仔) watched the cattle (牛) all day long”可知，牛仔们一整天都在看着那些牛群，故填Yes, they did. 3．根据“One important reason is that it describes life.”可知，原因在于它描绘了生活，故填Because it describes life. 4．根据“Many fans of the music like to wear cowboy clothes and dance together. Many bands all over the world now play the music.”可知，现在世界上有许多乐队演奏这种音乐，说明乡村音乐很好，故填故填Good/Great/Excellent/… 5．乡村音乐：country music，是：is，最……之一：one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词，受欢迎的：popular，种类：kind，故填Country music is one of the most popular kinds. Passage 6 (24-25·八下·湖南省衡阳市衡南县·期末)  阅读下面的短文，回答问题或翻译划线句子。 A blind box keeps what’s inside a secret (秘密). Usually, there are toys in blind boxes, but now stores are putting leftover (过剩的) food in them. The food inside is near its expiration date (保质期) and will be thrown away if no one buys it. Each box costs little money but has a lot of food inside. They are more and more popular in China’s cities, such as Beijing, Nanjing and Chengdu. Back in 2021 when I was studying in the UK, I bought leftover blind boxes from an app called Too Good To Go. Each box cost about 3 to 5 pounds (27 to 45 yuan), and there were usually three to four things inside. For example, a box I bought from the coffee shop Costa had three kinds of bread and one cake. The box cost 3 pounds but the original price (原价) was around 10 pounds. Every time I bought a blind box, the excitement of opening it hit me first. That helped me save a lot of money. Wasting less food is also good for the environment. But the boxes also brought me problems. Since I can’t choose what’s in the box, sometimes I got the same kind of food. Also, the food may not be healthy enough. I had to make other dishes, such as a salad, to make the meal healthier. 1．What do stores put in blind boxes now? 2．Are the leftover blind boxes getting popular in China now? 3．How did the writer feel at first every time he bought a blind box? 4．Will you buy leftover blind boxes, and why? 5．将短文划线句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．Leftover food. 2．Yes, they are. 3．Excited. 4．Yes, I will. Because it helps save money. / No, I won’t. Because it may not be healthy. /…（答案不唯一） 5．因为我不能选择盒子里的东西，所以有时我会得到同样的食物。 【导语】本文介绍了盲盒的利弊。 【详解】1．根据“Usually, there are toys in blind boxes, but now stores are putting leftover (过剩的) food in them.”可知，现在商店把剩下的食物放在盲盒里面。故填Leftover food. 2．根据“Each box costs little money but has a lot of food inside. They are more and more popular in China’s cities, such as Beijing, Nanjing and Chengdu.”可知，盲盒现在在中国的城市越来越受欢迎，故填Yes, they are. 3．根据“Every time I bought a blind box, the excitement of opening it hit me first.”可知，作者每次买盲盒的时候，打开它是兴奋的，故填Excited. 4．主观题，可根据实际情况回答，符合题意即可，故填Yes, I will. Because it helps save money. / No, I won’t. Because it may not be healthy. /…（答案不唯一） 5．Since因为，I can’t choose 我不能选择，what’s in the box盒子里是什么，sometimes有时，I got我得到，the same kind of food相同的食物，故填：因为我不能选择盒子里的东西，所以有时我会得到同样的食物。 Passage 7 (24-25·八下·湖南省株洲市炎陵县·期末) 阅读下面的短文，回答问题或将划线部分译成中文。 A strong earthquake (地震) hit central Myanmar (缅甸) on March 28, 2025, at 2:20 p.m. (Beijing Time). The earthquake was 7.9 in magnitude (震级) and happened 30 kilometers underground. The center of the earthquake was near Sagaing Region, close to China’s border. The earthquake caused serious problems. In Myanmar, 144 people died and 732 were hurt. Many buildings in Mandalay and Naypyidaw fell down. Important places like the Sagaing Bridge and Mandalay Airport were destroyed. In Thailand, a tall building in Bangkok collapsed (倒塌), killing three people. In China’s Yunnan Province, two people were slightly hurt. Rescue (营救) work was difficult because roads were broken. China sent a medical team with drones (无人机) to help. The United Nations promised $5 million for aid. Scientists say Myanmar is on the Sagaing Fault, where two big earth plates meet. This area often has strong earthquakes. “I told my students two things. First, we should protect ourselves, because it is not a game. Second, we should get ready for everything in time,” said Adelina, a teacher of the middle school. Although all the buildings in the school fell down, everyone was safe. Because both the students and the teachers had learned some life-saving skills, they quickly ran out of the buildings. 1．When and where did the earthquake happen? 2．How many people were hurt in Myanmar? 3．Why was rescue work challenging after the earthquake? 4．What will you do if you face the earthquake? 5．将划线的句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．On March 28, 2025, in central Myanmar. 2．732 people. 3．Because roads were broken. 4．I will run out of the building quickly. 5．尽管学校里所有的建筑物都倒塌了，但每个人都是安全的。 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了2025年3月28日缅甸中部发生的7.9级地震的相关情况，包括地震发生的时间、地点、震级，造成的人员伤亡和财产损失，救援工作的困难以及各方的援助等。 1．根据“A strong earthquake (地震) hit central Myanmar (缅甸) on March 28, 2025, at 2:20 p.m. (Beijing Time) .”可知，地震发生在2025年3月28日，缅甸中部，故填On March 28, 2025, in central Myanmar. 2．根据“In Myanmar, 144 people died and 732 were hurt.”可知，缅甸有732人受伤，故填732 people. 3．根据“Rescue (营救) work was difficult because roads were broken.”可知，地震后救援工作困难是因为道路被毁，故填Because roads were broken. 4．开放性试题，言之有理即可，根据短文内容及生活常识，遇到地震时应迅速跑出建筑物等，故填I will run out of the building quickly. 5．Although“尽管”；all the buildings“所有的建筑物”；in the school“在学校里”；fell down“倒塌”；everyone“每个人”；was“是”；safe“安全的”，故填：尽管学校里所有的建筑物都倒塌了，但每个人都是安全的。 Passage 8 (24-25·八下·湖南省岳阳市岳阳楼区·期末) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Have you ever visited a history museum? Near Chengdu, China, there is a special museum called Sanxingdui. It holds ancient treasures from over 3,000 years ago. These artifacts (古器物) change what we know about China’s past. Inside the museum, you will see amazing things. There is a very tall bronze statue (青铜雕像) with big eyes and large ears. Golden masks (面具) are so thin that they look like they could float. The most interesting piece is a bronze tree with birds and dragons on its branches. Long ago, people may have believed this tree connected heaven (天堂) and earth. Sanxingdui is full of mysteries (神秘). Scientists found these objects in 1986, but there are no writings to tell us about the people who made them. Who were they? Why did they disappear? When you visit, you can try to solve these puzzles (谜) yourself. The museum building looks modern. If you want to learn more about the ancient culture, you can use screens to see the artifacts closely. There is also a VR room that shows what life might have been like in this ancient culture. Sanxingdui teaches us that history still has many secrets. The more we learn, the more questions we have. Maybe the ancient people wanted us to keep wondering about them. 1．Where is the Sanxingdui Museum? 2．What does the tall bronze statue look like? 3．How can visitors learn more about the ancient culture at the museum? 4．If you could visit the Sanxingdui Museum, what would you like to do there? Why? 5．将划线的句子译成中文。 【答案】1．Near Chengdu, China. 2．It has big eyes and large ears. 3．They can use screens to see the artifacts closely. 4．I would try the VR room. Because it shows ancient people’s lives, helping me understand the mysteries better.（开放性问题，答案合理即可。） 5．我们学得越多，我们的疑问就越多。 【导语】本文介绍了中国成都附近的三星堆博物馆及其展出的珍贵文物，包括青铜雕像、黄金面具和青铜神树等，并探讨了这些文物背后的未解之谜。 【详解】1．根据“Near Chengdu, China, there is a special museum called Sanxingdui.”可知，三星堆博物馆在中国成都附近。故填Near Chengdu, China. 2．根据“There is a very tall bronze statue with big eyes and large ears.”可知，高大的青铜雕像有着大的眼睛和耳朵。故填It has big eyes and large ears. 3．根据“If you want to learn more about the ancient culture, you can use screens to see the artifacts closely.”可知，如果想了解更多关于古代文化的知识，可以用屏幕近距离观看这些文物。故填They can use screens to see the artifacts closely. 4．本题应回答想在三星堆博物馆做的事情及原因，故填I would try the VR room. Because it shows ancient people’s lives, helping me understand the mysteries better.（开放性问题，答案合理即可。） 5．the more...the more表示“越……，越……”；we“我们”；learn“学习”；questions“问题”；have“有”。故填：我们学得越多，我们的疑问就越多。 Passage 9 (24-25·八下·湖南省永州市道县·期末) 阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答问题或翻译划线部分。 The National Health Commission (NHC国家卫生健康委员会), joined by 16 departments, issued the “Implementation Plan for the Weight Management Year Activity (体重管理年)”. The goal is to establish a good environment for weight management within three years, greatly improving people’s health. Obesity (肥胖) is not just about appearance but is closely related to various diseases, including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and heart disease. Statistics show that the prevalence of overweight and obesity in China has reached 50.7%, and it’s predicted to rise to 70.5% by 2030. To deal with this situation, a series of measures have been taken, For example, schools across the country are encouraged to provide at least two hours of physical education classes per week. Hospitals have set up special “weight management clinics” where professional doctors offer personalized diet and exercise plans. They also use some traditional Chinese medicine methods to help patients. At home, people are advised to pay attention to their eating habits. Instead of choosing fried and high-sugar foods, they should eat fresh vegetables, chicken and beef. Meanwhile, doing exercise is also important. It could be something as simple as walking, cycling $