专题03 阅读理解（说明文）（期末真题汇编，湖南专用）八年级英语下学期

**基本信息** 聚焦说明文阅读，涵盖人与自我、社会、自然三大主题，精选湖南多地期末真题，素材贴近学生生活与时代热点，梯度设问培养信息获取与思维能力。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解选择题|每篇4题，共20+篇|说明文阅读（细节理解、推理判断、主旨大意等）|以健康生活（课间休息延长）、文化传承（皮影戏、油纸伞）、科技前沿（AI工具、高速列车）为情境，问题从基础事实（时间、数据）到深层推理（词义猜测、作者意图），符合期末考查要求|

专题03 阅读理解（说明文） 主题01 人与自我——健康生活；学习习惯；心理情绪；未来生活；个人成长；学业生活 Passage 1 (24-25·八下·湖南省长沙市雨花区周南石燕湖中学·期末) Great news! Primary and middle schools in Hunan have extended (延长) their break time between classes from 10 minutes to 15 minutes since February this year. This new rule helps students in many ways. First, the longer break gives students enough time to relax. They can walk around the classroom, drink water, and still have time to play. Second, it helps students prepare better for the next class. With enough rest, they can focus more on lessons. Third, the extra time allows for more exercise. Many students now enjoy playing basketball or skipping rope (跳绳) during breaks. This makes them feel less stressed. Take Zhao Xuan, a seventh-grade student in Changsha, as an example. “I really love the new break time!” he said with a smile when he was interviewed by the newspaper. “I used to have to rush to the restroom and back to class with little time for anything else. Now I have more time to rest and share something interesting with my classmates.” Teachers also like this change. They find students more energetic (精力充沛) in class after the longer breaks. The school doctor says fewer students complain of headaches now. It’s hoped that with more break time, students can enjoy their school life better and grow up healthily. 1．When did primary and middle schools in Hunan start to extend the break time? A．In September, 2024. B．In February, 2025. C．In February, 2024. 2．How long is the new break time? A．5 minutes. B．10 minutes. C．15 minutes. 3．What may the students feel about the new rule according to Paragraph 2? A．Helpful. B．Stressful. C．Painful. 4．From this passage, we can know that ________. A．Zhao Xuan has less time to relax between classes than before B．teachers find students more tired in class after the longer break time C．the longer break time can help students enjoy their school life better 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了湖南省中小学自今年2月起将课间休息时间从10分钟延长至15分钟的新规定及其带来的积极影响。 1．细节理解题。根据“Great news! Primary and middle schools in Hunan have extended (延长) their break time between classes from 10 minutes to 15 minutes since February this year.”可知，湖南省中小学从今年2月开始延长课间休息时间。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Great news! Primary and middle schools in Hunan have extended (延长) their break time between classes from 10 minutes to 15 minutes since February this year.”可知，新的休息时间是15分钟。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“This new rule helps students in many ways.”及“he said with a smile when he was interviewed by the newspaper.”列举的三个好处可知，学生们觉得新规定是有帮助的。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“It’s hoped that with more break time, students can enjoy their school life better and grow up healthily.”可知，更长的休息时间能帮助学生更好地享受校园生活。故选C。 Passage 2 (24-25·八下·湖南省永州市新田县·期末) The Ministry of Education (教育部) wants students to practice their sports skills. It wants to make homework for physical education classes. It also wants to cut down homework for math and language. Physical education helps improve children’s health in a big way. There was a survey (调查) in 2021. It said that as high as 53.6% of primary and secondary school students were shortsighted, and 81% among high school students. More physical activities helped with eyesight problems in children. The survey also said 15.7% of Grade 1 students had eyesight problems. But in Grade 6, it was 59%. Those six years were important for helping with their eyesight. 40 minutes of outdoor activities every day helps a lot. It can help students to relax their eyes. It can also help their bodies to have vitamin D．For preschool children, they’d better have outdoor sports activities every day. For those aged between 7 and 12, they’d better exercise for at least an hour every day. After outdoor activities, children can have a sound sleep. This will help their bodies grow faster. 1．We may read this passage in a ________. A．newspaper B．storybook C．novel 2．What does the underlined word “shortsighted” in the second paragraph mean? A．远视的 B．近视的 C．散光的 3．According to the passage, a 10-year-old boy should exercise for at least __________ minutes every day. A．40 B．50 C．60 4．The passage mainly talks about students should ________. A．care for their eyesight B．do more physical activities C．learn more about language 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文主要通过数据来说明锻炼对学生的好处。 1． 推理判断题。本文主要通过数据来说明锻炼对学生的好处，所以我们可能在报纸上读到这篇文章。故选A。 2．词义猜测题。根据“It said that as high as 53.6% of primary and secondary school students were shortsighted, and 81% among high school students. More physical activities helped with eyesight problems in children”可知据说高达53.6%的中小学生近视，81%的高中生近视，故划线部分意为“近视的”。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“For those aged between 7 and 12, they’d better exercise for at least an hour every day” 可知，7至12岁的儿童最好每天至少锻炼一小时，即10岁的孩子每天至少锻炼60分钟。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍孩子们进行体育锻炼的好处。故选B。 Passage 3 (24-25·八下·湖南师范大学附属中学·期末) China is working hard to help people control their weight and live healthier lives. The government has started a three-year “Weight Management (管理) Year” plan from 2024 to 2027 to fight against obesity (肥胖). Obesity can cause many serious health problems. Here’s what you should know about the new guidelines: First, it’s important to check your BMI (身体质量指数). For adults, a healthy BMI is between 18.5 and 24. If your BMI is between 24 and 28, you are overweight. A BMI of 28 or more means you are obese (肥胖的). Also doctors suggest measuring your waist (测量腰围). Men should keep their waist under 90 cm, and women und 85. Eating well is very important, and exercise is just as important as that! Eat whole grains like brown rice, fresh vegetables, and lean proteins (精益蛋白质) such as fish. Don’t eat fried foods and sugary snacks, and also eat less salt and oil. For exercise, try to do 150-300 minutes of activities like walking every week. Besides these, small daily habits can also make a big difference. Teens should sleep 7 hours every night because bad sleep can make you put on weight. Try to eat vegetables first, then meat, and finally rice or bread during a meal to control how much you eat. By 2030, China hopes to slow down the growth of obesity. Remember, losing weight isn’t about being perfect — just start with small changes, like drinking water instead of cola. With these easy steps, everyone can have a healthier future. 1．China started the “Weight Management Year” plan to _______. A．teach people how to cook healthy meals B．ask people to lose weight and improve their health C．encourage people to join in sports competitions 2．The third paragraph mainly talks about _______. A．the relationship between sleep and weight B．how to check your BMI and waist C．the importance of healthy eating and exercise 3．What does the underlined sentence “losing weight isn’t about being perfect” suggest? A．Small changes are enough to start with. B．Exercise is more important than eating well. C．Only strict living and eating habits can help lose weight. 4．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Simple Daily Habits for Weight Control B．The Importance of BMI in Weight Management C．China’s Plan and Guidelines for a Healthier Life 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文介绍中国开展2024-2027 年“体重管理年”计划。 1．细节理解题。根据“China is working hard to help people control their weight and live healthier lives. The government has started a three-year ‘Weight Management (管理) Year’ plan from 2024 to 2027 to fight against obesity (肥胖).”可知，计划是为帮助人们控制体重、对抗肥胖，提升健康水平。故选B。 2．主旨大意题。根据“Eating well is very important, and exercise is just as important as that! Eat whole grains... Don’t eat fried foods... For exercise, try to do 150-300 minutes of activities like walking every week.”可知，第三段强调合理饮食和运动的重要性，C选项“健康饮食和运动的重要性”符合题意。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据“Remember, losing weight isn’t about being perfect—just start with small changes, like drinking water instead of cola.”可知，后文说从小改变开始，比如喝水代替喝可乐，A 选项“从小改变开始就够了”符合题意。故选A。 4．最佳标题题。通读原文可知，文章围绕中国“体重管理年”计划及相关健康准则展开，C选项“中国为更健康生活的计划和准则”全面概括内容。故选C。 Passage 4 (24-25·八下·湖南省附中集团·期末) Have you ever had trouble focusing (专注于) your homework? Or do you lose focus and waste time when you need to study? If so, the Pomodoro Technique might be just what you need. The Pomodoro Technique was created by a college student named Francesco Cirillo in the late 1980s. He had a hard time staying focused while studying. To solve this problem, he used a tomato-shaped kitchen timer to help him manage (管理) his time. He decided to study for 25 minutes and then take a 5-minute break. He found that this way helped him stay focused and study more efficiently (高效地). So, he named it the “Pomodoro Technique” because “pomodoro” means “tomato” in Italian. The Pomodoro Technique is a simple but effective (有效的) ways to help you manage your time and improve your study habits. It breaks tasks into small, manageable pieces. You study for 25 minutes, followed by a short 5-minute break. After finishing four 25-minute study sessions (时段), you take a longer break of 15 to 30 minutes. By using it, students can stay focused on their tasks, manage them more efficiently, and avoid feeling too stressed. To set a Pomodoro timer, the first thing you need to do is set a clear goal for your task. It’s important to stay focused during the 25 minutes and avoid losing focus. After finishing a session, take a short break to “disconnect” from your work. Never involve (加入) yourself in activities that need heavy mental effort (脑力) during breaks. At the end of the day, write down what you achieved and how it went. This helps you review your progress and plan for tomorrow. 1． How does the writer introduce the topic? A．By telling a story. B．By asking questions. C．By explaining the reasons. 2． What is the Pomodoro Technique for? A．Helping students manage time efficiently. B．Making study more enjoyable for students. C．Training students to set their own goals alone. 3． How does the Pomodoro Technique work? A．By controlling the break time strictly. B．By organizing group competitions in class. C．By following a time rule for study and break. 4． What is the purpose of the last paragraph? A．To offer tips on using the Pomodoro Technique. B．To explain the ways of developing good habits. C．To show the ways of balancing (平衡) work and breaks. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了番茄工作法（Pomodoro Technique），包括其由大学生Francesco Cirillo在20世纪80年代末创立的背景，该方法通过将学习任务按25分钟学习、5分钟休息的模式划分，帮助人们管理时间、提升学习习惯。 1．推理判断题。文章开头用“Have you ever had trouble focusing (专注于) your homework? Or do you lose focus and waste time when you need to study?”两个问题引出话题，所以是通过提问引入。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“The Pomodoro Technique is a simple but effective (有效的) ways to help you manage your time and improve your study habits.”可知，番茄工作法是帮助人们高效管理时间、改善学习习惯。故选A。 3．细节理解题。由“It breaks tasks into small, manageable pieces. You study for 25 minutes...you take a longer break of 15 to 30 minutes.”可知，它是遵循学习25 分钟、休息5 分钟，四个学习时段后长休息的时间规则来运作。故选C。 4．推理判断题。最后一段“To set a Pomodoro timer, the first thing you need to do is...It’s important to...After finishing a session...Never involve (加入) yourself in...At the end of the day, write down...”是在给使用番茄工作法提供设置定时器、保持专注、休息、复盘等方面的建议。故选A。 Passage 5 (24-25·八下·湖南省郴州市·期末) When you’re bored, you may watch short videos on your phone. You think it can kill time and make you feel good. But a new study says this may make you feel even more bored. Scientists from the University of Toronto Scarborough in Canada did an experiment (实验). They asked 159 people to join it. First, everyone had to watch a 10-minute YouTube video. They couldn’t skip (跳过) any part and must watch it until the end. After that, things changed. People could pick from seven short videos. Each video was five minutes long, and they had 10 minutes to watch. They could fast-forward, skip, or switch (切换) videos as they liked. During the experiment, the scientists asked people how they felt. To their surprise, almost everyone liked the first part more. In the first part, they watched one long video without stopping. In the second part, they watched short videos and changed a lot. Why did this happen? Boredom (无聊) has to do with our attention (注意力). When we watch a video all the way through and focus on it, we get into the story. For example, if it’s a scary video, we want to know what happens next. But when we keep skipping and switching short videos, our attention moves around too much. We don’t have enough time to get interested in any video, so we feel more bored. So, next time you’re bored, don’t just click (点击) through a lot of short videos. Pick one video you like and watch it carefully from start to end. You might find it’s a better way to fight boredom. 1．In the first part of the experiment, what did people have to do? A．Watch a 10-minute YouTube video without skipping. B．Watch a 5-minute YouTube video and skip parts. C．Watch seven short videos one by one. 2．Why do people feel bored when watching short videos? A．The videos are too long to finish. B．Their attention moves too quickly. C．They must watch different videos. 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．People enjoyed the second part of the experiment more. B．Boredom has nothing to do with our attention. C．When we skip a lot of videos, we may feel more bored. 4．What is the author’s main advice? A．Watch more short videos and change all the time. B．Stop using phones when you are bored. C．Choose one video and watch it carefully. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文介绍了在多伦多大学士嘉堡校区进行的一项研究。研究表明看短视频可能让人感到更加无聊。在实验中，参与者发现对于10分钟的长视频相比，他们对短视频的多次切换感到更无聊。研究表明专注于一个视频而不是快速切换视频可以减少无聊感。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“First, everyone had to watch a 10-minute YouTube video.”可知，首先，人们观看的是一个10分钟的视频。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“But when we keep skipping and switching short videos, our attention moves around too much.”可知，在第二部分自由选择视频观看的测试中，人们认为不停地跳过和切换短视频时，他们的注意力就会过多地转移，则人们在看短视频时感到无聊的原因是因为他们的注意力转移得太快了。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“But when we keep skipping and switching short videos, our attention moves around too much. We don’t have enough time to get interested in any video, so we feel more bored.”可知，在第二部分测试中，当人们不停地跳过和切换短视频时，他们的注意力就会过多地转移，会感到更加无聊。故选C。 4．观点态度题。根据最后一段“Pick one video you like and watch it carefully from start to end. You might find it’s a better way to fight boredom.”可知，作者总结并建议人们选择一个自己喜欢的视频，从头到尾仔细观看，最终可能会发现这是一种更好的打发无聊的方式，选项C“选择一个视频并仔细观看”符合。故选C。 Passage 6 (24-25·八下·湖南省浏阳市·期末) Welcome to life in the future! You get up in the morning and look into the mirror. You’ve recently had a new anti-aging (抗衰老的) treatment, so you look like a 30-year-old person. And many people of your age could live to be 120 now, so at 60 you’re not old at all. Science has also found amazing ways to keep people healthy. Nanotechnology (纳米技术) can help cure many illnesses, including cancer. And if any part of your body is unhealthy, you can “grow” a new one in a laboratory (实验室). On the way to the kitchen, you want to call a friend. Your cell phone is by the window because it gets its energy (电量) from the sun. But you don’t need to pick up the phone. You can just touch your jacket sleeve (袖子) to make the call. It's breakfast time. You reach for the milk,but a voice says, “Don’t drink that!” Your fridge knows the milk is old, and tells the supermarket to replace it. Ten minutes later,it's sent by a drone (无人机). As you leave for work, the lights turn off by themselves.Your home goes into “sleep” way to save energy. Will all this come true? Perhaps the future is much closer than we think. 1．What does the writer say about aging in the future? A．Age 60 will be old. B．People can live to be 120. C．Anti-aging treatment will be dangerous. 2．Why are people healthier in the future? A．Robot doctors work in hospitals. B．New body parts can be grown in a laboratory. C．Nanotechnology can not help cure many illnesses. 3．What does the underline word “that” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．The milk. B．The fridge. C．The drone. 4．Which is the best title of the passage? A．Science in the Future B．Health in the Future C．Life in the Future 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，畅想了未来生活中的抗衰老技术、纳米医疗、高科技手机以及智能家居。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“And many people of your age could live to be 120 now, so at 60 you’re not old at all.”可知，未来60岁不算老，人类寿命可达120岁。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Nanotechnology (纳米技术) can help cure many illnesses, including cancer. And if any part of your body is unhealthy, you can ‘grow’ a new one in a laboratory (实验室).” 可知，未来人们更健康是因为纳米技术及器官再生技术。故选B。 3．词义猜测题。根据“It’s breakfast time. You reach for the milk, but a voice says, ‘Don’t drink that!’ ”可知，画线单词“that”代指“牛奶”。故选A。 4．标题归纳题。通读全文可知，全文涵盖抗衰老、医疗、通讯、饮食、家居节能等多方面生活场景，核心主题为“未来生活整体图景”。故选C。 Passage 7 (24-25·八下·湖南省张家界市永定区·期末) April 23 is known as World Book Day. The idea of setting a day to encourage reading came from UNESCO (联合国教科文组织) in 1995. In fact, it started long before that in Spain. In 1922, Spanish writer Vicente Clave Andres suggested the idea as a way to honor (尊敬) their famous writer Miguel de Cervantes. Four years later, the first celebration took place on October 7, Cervantes’ birthday. In 1930, it was moved to April 23, the date of his death. Every year since 2001, one city around the world is chosen to be the UNESCO World Book Capital for a year. The task of the city is to carry out activities to encourage “a culture of reading and spreading its values (价值) for all ages in and out of the country.” Though no Chinese cities have been chosen as the World Book Capital so far, a recent national survey shows the rise in reading as a habit in China. Besides, listening to audio books (有声读物) was another rising habit, with 35.5 percent of adults saying they were used to listening to them. Reading books gives people the chance to look into different worlds and meet new people, both real and imagined. Ancient Chinese believed in the saying: Read ten thousand books and travel ten thousand miles. Reading is a way to learn from the past, understand the world, and get life wisdom. So make every day World Book Day! 1．When did Spain first hold a celebration to honor Cervantes? A．In 1922 B．In 1926 C．In 1930 2．What should a World Book Capital city do? A．Carry out reading activities B．Carry out UNESCO’s values C．Organize readers to visit the city 3．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．Printed books B．E-books C．Audio books 4．What does the last paragraph mainly tell us? A．The meaning of a Chinese saying B．The importance of reading books C．The present situation of book reading 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了“世界读书日”的由来、世界图书之都的意义以及读书的重要性。 1．细节理解题。根据“In 1922,...Four years later, the first celebration took place on October 7, Cervantes’ birthday.”可知，第一次庆祝是在1926年，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“The task of the city is to carry out activities to encourage ‘a culture of reading and spreading its values (价值) in all ages in and out of the country.’ ”可知，世界图书之都的任务是开展阅读活动。故选A。 3．词义猜测题。根据“listening to audio books (有声读物) was another rising habit, with 35.5 percent of adults saying they were used to listening to them .”可知，听有声书是另一个日益增长的习惯，35.5%的成年人表示他们习惯听有声书，划线的them指的是上文提到的“有声书”，故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据“Reading books gives people the chance to look into different worlds and meet new people, both real and imagined...”可知，本段主要讲述了读书的重要性，故选B。 Passage 8 (24-25·八下·湖南省常德市武陵区·期末) In Singapore, many middle school students spend a lot of time in studying. People think good schooling is a ticket to success in their future. So, many of these students try their best to get good grades in their exams. They have a lot of homework every day and exams are usually difficult. Sometimes, many of them have to go to remedial classes after school in order to pass the exams. There are many after-school activities: sports and games, music and dance, hiking and climbing the mountains, etc. They are also very happy to do community (社区) service. In their free time, most students like to listen to pop music. Hollywood blockbusters (好莱坞大片), Hong Kong and Singapore movies are very popular among them. Some of them also spend their free time surfing the Internet, e-mailing their friends and playing computer games. They sometimes go to cafes, fast-food restaurants, shopping centers and big bookstores. So, the life as a middle school student in Singapore is not easy but it is rich and colorful. 1．What must the students in Singapore do if they want to have a good future? A．Do much homework. B．Do after-class activities. C．Get good schooling. 2．What does the underlined word “remedial” mean in Chinese? A．补习的 B．专业的 C．业余的 3．Which of the following is NOT an activity the students do in their free time? A．Going shopping. B．Going fishing. C．Listening to music. 4．What’s the best title for this passage? A．The after-school activities in Singapore B．The students’ lives in Singapore C．The free time activities in Singapore 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了新加坡学生们的生活。 1．细节理解题。根据“People think good schooling is a ticket to success in their future.”可知，他们认为好的学校教育对于他们未来的成功是很重要的。故选C。 2．词义猜测题。根据“many of them have to go to remedial classes after school in order to pass the exams.”可知，很多学生努力考好的分数，因此他们课外会上一些补习班，因此remedial表示“补习的”。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“In their free time, most students like to listen to pop music. Hollywood blockbusters (好莱坞大片), Hong Kong and Singapore movies are very popular among them.”以及“They sometimes go to cafes, fast-food restaurants, shopping centers and big bookstores.”可知，他们在课外会听音乐，看电影以及去购物，而不会去钓鱼。故选B。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文，可知本文主要介绍的是新加坡的学生生活。故最佳标题是：新加坡的学生生活。故选B。 02 人与社会——慈善公益；传统艺术；节日文化；文化传承；历史纪念；旅游地理；建筑文化；神话传说；生肖文化；城市发展；消费心理；茶文化；传统游戏 Passage 1 (24-25·八下·湖南省岳阳市岳阳楼区·期末) Charity (慈善) shops are special stores that sell donated items (捐赠物) to raise money for good causes. In countries like the UK, USA and Canada, they are often called “thrift stores”. The word “thrifty” means being careful with money and not wasting things. These shops sell second-hand clothes, books, and toys at low prices. Some also sell products (产品) made by people in poor areas. All the money helps different charities that support medical research, animal welfare (福利), and people in need. China has charity shops too. The first one opened in Shanghai in 2003. Now there are more than 200 charity shops in Shanghai’s communities. The people working in these shops are volunteers. They don’t get paid—they work to help others. Their job is to organize all the donated items. Charity shops do two important things. First, they raise money to help those in need. Second, they help the environment by reusing things instead of throwing them away. When you give or buy at a charity shop, you become part of this cycle of kindness that helps both people and our planet. 1．What do charity shops do with the money they make from selling donated items? A．Keep it for the shop owners. B．Give it to different charities. C．Use it to buy new gifts. 2．What does the word ‘thrifty’ mean in the first paragraph? A．精打细算 B．挥霍金钱 C．买新产品 3．Which of these items are NOT usually sold in charity shops according to the text? A．Second-hand clothes. B．New phones. C．Handmade products from poor areas. 4．Why do volunteers work in charity shops? A．To make money. B．To help people in need. C．To make new friends. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了慈善商店的相关信息，包括其定义、在各国的情况、所售物品、资金用途、在中国的现状以及志愿者工作等内容，强调了慈善商店在帮助他人和保护环境方面的重要作用。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“All the money helps different charities that support medical research, animal welfare (福利), and people in need.”可知，慈善商店将从出售捐赠物品中赚到的钱捐给不同的慈善机构。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据文章第一段“The word ‘thrifty’ means being careful with money and not wasting things.”可知，“thrifty”这个词的意思是“精打细算”，即对金钱很谨慎，不浪费东西。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“These shops sell second-hand clothes, books, and toys at low prices. Some also sell products (产品) made by people in poor areas.”可知，慈善商店通常出售二手衣服、书籍、玩具以及贫困地区人们制作的产品，一般不会出售新手机。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The people working in these shops are volunteers. They don’t get paid—they work to help others.”可知，志愿者在慈善商店工作是为了帮助有需要的人。故选B。 Passage 2 (24-25·八下·湖南省郴州市汝城县·期末) Shadow play (皮影戏) is a very interesting traditional art in China. It has a long history and is popular in many places. In shadow play, people use leather or paper to make flat puppet figures (木偶). These figures are very colorful and beautiful. Then, people put these figures in front of a white screen. A strong light behind the figures makes their shadows on the screen. The people who control the figures move them quickly. So, the shadows on the screen seem to be moving and doing different things. The stories of shadow plays are often about history, legends or fairy tales. The people controlling the figures also tell the story and make different voices for the characters. Music is also an important part of shadow play. Different kinds of music are used to make the play more interesting. Shadow play is not only a fun thing to watch but also a part of Chinese culture. It shows the wisdom of Chinese people in the past. Now, many young people are also interested in shadow play. They learn how to make the figures and how to play shadow plays. In this way, this traditional art can live on. 1．What are the puppet figures in shadow play made of? A．Wood and plastic. B．Leather or paper. C．Cloth and metal. 2．How do the shadows move on the screen in shadow play? A．The light makes them move. B．The screen moves. C．The people controlling the figures move them. 3．What does the underlined word “legends” mean in Chinese? A．传说 B．新闻 C．科幻 4．Why is shadow play important? A．It is very easy to learn. B．It makes a lot of money. C．It shows the wisdom of Chinese people and is part of Chinese culture. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文介绍了中国传统文化艺术——皮影戏。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据“In shadow play, people use leather or paper to make flat puppet figures (木偶).”可知，皮影戏里的木偶是用皮革或纸制作的。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“The people who control the figures move them quickly.”可知，控制人物的人移动它们。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据“The stories of shadow plays are often about history, legends or fairy tales.”可知，划线词与history“历史”、fairy tales“童话”并列，属于故事类型，所以划线词意为“传说”。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“Shadow play is not only a fun thing to watch but also a part of Chinese culture. It shows the wisdom of Chinese people in the past.”可知，皮影戏很重要，因为皮影戏展示了中国人民的智慧，是中国文化的一部分。故选C。 Passage 3 (24-25·八下·湖南省怀化市·期末) The oil-paper umbrella is a beautiful and traditional Chinese art. It started in the Han Dynasty and was first made to protect people from the sun and rain. Later, during the Tang and Song dynasties, it became a kind of art. These umbrellas are made of bamboo and paper. The paper is brushed with fung oil to make it waterproof (防水的). Making one umbrella takes a lot of time and care, which needs over 70 steps! Artists choose strong bamboo, shape it carefully, and put up hand-made paper on top. They often paint flowers or birds to decorate the umbrella, turning it into a small piece of art. In Chinese culture, the umbrella shows the idea of Yin and Yang. In old times, red oil-paper umbrellas were used in weddings (婚礼) to bring good luck. Today, people are bringing this old art back by adding modern designs (设计) and materials, making it popular again in China and around the world. Wen Shishan, a 59-year-old man in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, has been making oil-paper umbrellas for over 30 years. His oil-paper umbrellas are not only popular among young people, but also have been sold to other countries such as Japan, South Korea and the US. 1．When was the oil-paper umbrella first made? A．In Han Dynasty. B．In Tang Dynasty. C．In Song Dynasty. 2．What does the underlined word “decorate” mean in Chinese? A．组成 B．展现 C．装饰 3．How long has Wen Shishan been making oil-paper umbrellas? A．For over 20 years. B．For less than 30 years. C．For more than 30 years. 4．Why does the writer write about Wen Shishan in the passage? A．To show that only old people can make oil-paper umbrellas. B．To show that oil-paper umbrellas are becoming popular again. C．To show that Hangzhou is the only place to make such umbrellas. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了油纸伞的发展历史。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据“It started in the Han Dynasty”可知，油纸伞最早是在汉朝被制造出来的。故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据“They often paint flowers or birds to decorate the umbrella, turning it into a small piece of art.”可知，艺术家经常在伞上画上花朵或鸟儿的目的是为了装饰伞，划线部分单词意为“装饰”。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Wen Shishan, a 59-year-old man in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, has been making oil-paper umbrellas for over 30 years.”可知，他做伞有三十多年了。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“His oil-paper umbrellas are not only popular among young people, but also have been sold to other countries such as Japan, South Korea and the US.”可知，他的油纸伞不仅受到年轻人的欢迎，还销往日本、韩国和美国等其他国家，所以作者提及他是为了说明油纸伞又开始流行起来了。故选B。 Passage 4 (24-25·八下·湖南省永州市道县·期末) New Symbol Honors 80th Anniversary of Victory On May 13, 2025, China’s State Council Information Office (国务院新闻办公室) released a special symbol to mark the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People’s War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War (抗日战争暨世界反法西斯战争胜利). The symbol combines five meaningful parts: the Great Wall, olive branches, rays of light, the number “80” and the timeline “1945-2025”. The Great Wall stands for unity and bravery, reminding us how the Chinese people fought together with strong patriotic spirit. Olive branches around the symbol show China’s love for peace, earned through years of hard struggle during the war. The bright rays form a “Gate of Victory,” symbolizing how justice triumphed (战胜) over evil and inspired hope for the future. The number “80” highlights the importance of remembering history, while the timeline connects the victory in 1945 with China’s path of peaceful development to 2025. This symbol will be used in schools, public ceremonies, and global meetings to teach history and promote peace worldwide. Through this symbol, young people can learn about the bravery of wartime heroes and the importance of safeguarding peace. As China continues to grow under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, the symbol serves as a bridge between generations, inspiring pride and hope for a good future. 1．What does the Great Wall represent in the symbol? A．China’s ancient cultural heritage. B．The length of the war period. C．Unity and bravery of the Chinese people. 2．Where will the symbol be used according to the text? A．In school activities and public ceremonies. B．Only in Chinese historical museums. C．In private family gatherings. 3．What does the underlined word “safeguarding” most likely mean in the passage? A．保卫. B．失败. C．忘记. 4．What is the main purpose of creating this symbol? A．To celebrate China’s modern development. B．To decorate schools and international meetings. C．To remember historical victory and spread the value of peace. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了纪念中国人民抗日战争暨世界反法西斯战争胜利80周年的特殊标志，包含标志发布时间、组成部分及各部分象征意义，还有标志的作用与使用场景。 1．细节理解题。根据“The Great Wall stands for unity and bravery, reminding us how the Chinese people fought together with strong patriotic spirit.”可知，长城代表中国人民的团结和勇敢。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“This symbol will be used in schools, public ceremonies, and global meetings to teach history and promote peace worldwide.”可知，这一标志会用在学校和公共庆祝活动中。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据“Through this symbol, young people can learn about the bravery of wartime heroes and the importance of safeguarding peace.”可知，通过这个象征，年轻人能够了解战争年代英雄们的英勇事迹，以及“捍卫”和平的重要性，符合情境。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“This symbol will be used in schools, public ceremonies, and global meetings to teach history and promote peace worldwide.”可知，这一标志将被用来传承历史记忆并推动世界和平事业的发展。故选C。 Passage 5 (24-25·八下·湖南省衡阳市祁东县·期末) Altay (阿勒泰), a place in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (新疆维吾尔自治区), has become a famous place for tourists because of a successful TV show. The show displayed (展示) the area’s breathtaking natural beauty, with mountains covered in snow, lakes that are very clear, and old villages that are still in good condition. Altay is also a favorite place for skiers during the cold season. Although Altay has always been famous for its beautiful nature, it was not a popular place to visit before because it took a long time to travel there and the cost of staying in hotels was high. But now, this popular TV show has made more people, especially young people, interested in visiting Altay. Even though it can be difficult to travel to Altay, experts think that the area could become a great place for tourists. Altay has different interesting things to see in summer and winter, so it can attract (吸引) visitors all year. Altay is advised to keep making their areas better for tourists to stay and visit. It is not the first time that a TV show has made a place more popular for tourists. In the last few years, Dali in Yunnan Province, has also become a popular tourist destination because of an interesting TV show. By making tour products including both natural beauty and cultural activities, Altay can make visiting ever better and bring more people there to see their special areas. 1．What did the show display in Altay? A．Land that is truly rich. B．Mountains covered in snow. C．New villages that are still in good condition. 2．According to the passage, what could Altay do to attract more tourists? A．Build more villages. B．Lower (降低) the cost of hotels. C．Make more and more TV shows. 3．The underlined word “destination” in the last paragraph means ________. A．路线 B．产品 C．目的地 4．What’s the theme of the passage? A．Health. B．Culture. C．History. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲了新疆阿勒泰因电视节目成为旅游胜地，提及过往问题、特色及发展建议，并以大理为例。 1．细节理解题。根据“The show displayed (展示) the area’s breathtaking natural beauty, with mountains covered in snow, lakes that are very clear, and old villages that are still in good condition.”可知，节目展示了阿勒泰被雪覆盖的山脉等自然美景。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Although Altay has always been famous for its beautiful nature, it was not a popular place to visit before because it took a long time to travel there and the cost of staying in hotels was high.”以及“Altay is advised to keep making their areas better for tourists to stay and visit.”可知，过去阿勒泰酒店住宿成本高是游客少的原因之一，因此降低酒店成本有助于吸引更多游客。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据“In the last few years, Dali in Yunnan Province, has also become a popular tourist destination because of an interesting TV show.”可知，大理因为一档有趣的电视节目成为受欢迎的旅游去处，“destination”意为“目的地”。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文内容可知，文章围绕新疆阿勒泰因电视节目走红成为旅游胜地，介绍其旅游优势、过去游客少的原因及未来吸引游客的建议，主题与旅游相关，属于文化范畴。故选B。 Passage 6 (24-25·八下·湖南省常德市澧县·期末) What does Beijing’s Palace Museum look like at night? Many people don’t know the answer to this question, as it closes at around 4:30 p. m. in winter and 5:00 p. m. in summer. However, to celebrate the Lantern Festival, Beijing’s Palace Museum opened its door to the public after dark—for two nights only. That’s a first in 94 years Although people could get free tickets on the museum’s website, it was difficult to get a ticket. The website even stopped working for a while because too many people visited it at the same time. Zhang Zhifu, a 77-year-old woman, received a ticket from the museum as a gift. “I grew up in Beijing and I visit the Palace Museum every year, but I never got to see it at night. It is truly an honor.” she said. In the past celebrating, the Lantern Festival was a tradition for the imperial (皇帝的) family. “We want to pass the tradition on and give people more festival experiences,” said Shan Jixiang, the head of the Palace Museum. On the night of February 19th, 2019, about 3,000 visitors spent the Lantern Festival in the Palace Museum. 1．How long was Beijing’s Palace Museum open after dark for the first time? A．For one night. B．For two nights. C．For three nights. 2．Why did the museum’s website even stop working for a while? A．Because there weren’t enough tickets. B．Because the Palace Museum was too crowded. C．Because too many people visited it at the same time. 3．What can you learn from the passage? A．Zhang Zhifu grew up in Beijing. B．Nobody received a ticket as a gift. C．No visitors went to the Palace Museum in 2019. 4．What festival is it on February 19th, 2019? A．The Lantern Festival. B．The Dragon Boat Festival. C．The Mid-Autumn Festival. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．A 【导语】本文主要讲述北京故宫博物院为庆祝元宵节首次在夜间对公众开放，并介绍了相关活动情况。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“However, to celebrate the Lantern Festival, Beijing’s Palace Museum opened its door to the public after dark—for two nights only.”可知，故宫首次在夜间开放的时间为两个晚上。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The website even stopped working for a while because too many people visited it at the same time.”可知，网站暂时崩溃的原因是同时访问人数过多。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Zhang Zhifu, a 77-year-old woman, received a ticket from the museum as a gift. ‘I grew up in Beijing…’”可知，张女士在北京长大。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“On the night of February 19th, 2019, about 3,000 visitors spent the Lantern Festival in the Palace Museum.”可知，2019年2月19日是元宵节。故选A。 Passage 7 (24-25·八下·湖南省湘潭市湘乡市·期末) Have you ever heard of Jiuzhaigou National Park? There are blue lakes, forests, mountains and other beautiful sights. It takes its name from nine villages along its length. It is said that long long ago, the god of the mountain named Dago fell in love with the goddess (女神) Semo. He gave a mirror made from wind and cloud to the goddess. Semo was glad to get it and liked it very much. One day, Semo broke the mirror into 108 pieces by accident (意外地). The pieces dropped to the earth and then turned into 108 colourful lakes. Local people call the lakes “haizi” in Chinese. There are lots of plants and animals in the area. The plants have provided food for wild animals. There are many kinds of animals and they make the park more lovely. You may know the three main valleys (山谷) of Jiuzhaigou, but in fact, the sights are far more than you expect. The Panda Lake is famous for the longest waterfall and the Arrow Bamboo Lake has a large area of bamboo, the favourite food of pandas. The best time to visit Jiuzhaigou is in autumn, like September or October. If you visit Jiuzhaigou during the right time, you may even experience the four seasons in just one day. 1．How did Jiuzhaigou National Park get its name? A．From a famous legend about a god and a goddess. B．From the nine villages located along the park. C．From the 108 colorful lakes in the area. 2．What is the legend behind the 108 lakes in Jiuzhaigou? A．A god created them as gifts for humans. B．They were formed from pieces of a broken mirror. C．They appeared after a heavy rain hundreds of years ago. 3．Why is the Arrow Bamboo Lake special? A．It has the longest waterfall. B．It provides bamboo for pandas. C．It changes colours in different seasons. 4．When is the best time to visit Jiuzhaigou? A．Spring. B．Summer. C．Autumn. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了九寨沟国家公园的得名、相关传说、特色景观及最佳游览时间。 【详解】77．细节理解题。根据“It takes its name from nine villages along its length.”可知，九寨沟国家公园得名于沿公园分布的九个村庄。故选B。 1．细节理解题。根据“One day, Semo broke the mirror into 108 pieces by accident (意外地). The pieces dropped to the earth and then turned into 108 colourful lakes.”可知，108个湖泊是由破碎镜子的碎片形成的。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“the Arrow Bamboo Lake has a large area of bamboo, the favourite food of pandas.”可知，箭竹海因有大片熊猫喜爱的竹子而特殊。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“The best time to visit Jiuzhaigou is in autumn, like September or October.”可知，游览九寨沟的最佳时间是秋天。故选C。 Passage 8 (24-25·八下·湖南长沙市浏阳市·期末) Show Information The princess and the frogDates: 30th July—8th August   Mon.—Fri. 10 am, 7 pm   Sat.—Sun. 10 am, 2 pm, 7 pm Venue (地点): Esplanade Theatre Duration (时长): 1.5 hours Ticket prices: $25 per child or adult (day shows) $35 per child or adult (evening shows) $85 for 4 tickets (10 am, 2 pm shows) $120 for 4 tickets (7 pm shows) Latecomer Policy (政策): Please arrive early. Latecomers can’t enter until a break in the shows. Children: As politeness to other audience members, children below three years old will not be allowed in. Tel: 617-219-4300 1． If a family of four go to the theatre for 7 pm shows, how much should they pay? A．85 dollars. B．120 dollars. C．150 dollars. 2． What information CAN NOT be found in this advertisement (广告)? A．The name of the show. B．The telephone number. C．The names of the actors. 【答案】1．B 2．C 【导语】本文是《公主和青蛙》的门票信息。包括时间、地点、价格和注意事项。 1．细节理解题。根据“Ticket prices:”中“$120 for 4 tickets (7 pm shows)”可知，如果一个四口之家晚上7点去剧院看演出，他们应该付120美元。故选B。 2． 细节理解题。根据“The princess and the frog”和“Tel: 617-219-4300”可知，广告中包含了演出名称和电话号码，但没有提到演员的名字。故选C。 Passage 9 (24-25·八下·湖南省娄底市新化县·期末) According to the traditional Chinese custom, 2024 is the year of Loong (Dragon). Dragons are considered as lucky animals in China. They control water and rain. But do you know more about the dragons? There are some differences between Chinese dragons and Western dragons. First of all, the color of Chinese dragons is gold or red. Western dragons are usually black or gray. Second, Chinese dragons can fly without wings, while Western dragons need wings to fly. Third, Chinese dragons control water and rain to help people with farming, while Western dragons can breathe fire and hurt villagers. Dragons also play an important role in Chinese festivals. On the Lantern Festival, people hang bright dragon lanterns to celebrate the coming spring. Dragon dance has a long history and has already been a popular activity since the Song Dynasty. Dragon boat races are held on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month—Dragon Boat Festival. The Dragon Boat Festival has now become a popular international festival.    In the Chinese zodiac (生肖), dragon is one of people’s favorite animals. When Chinese people name newborn babies, “龙” is a Chinese character that is often chosen, especially for boys, as they are expected to be full of energy. “lóng mǎ” is a horse with the head and claws (爪) of a dragon in ancient Chinese stories. “lóng mǎ jīng shén” (the spirit of a dragon horse) is considered as a kind of spirit of the Chinese nation, which is full of energy and is always on the move. In a word, dragons are a valuable part of Chinese culture. We have a duty to spread the culture of Chinese dragons to let more people know China better in the future. 1．According to Paragraph 2, what are the differences between Chinese dragons and Western dragons? ①Colors of the body.  ②Ways of flying.  ③How to treat people.  ④Numbers of claws. A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ 2．Why is “龙” a popular name choice for newborn babies in Chinese culture? A．Because it may bring good luck and richness to the family. B．Because it is a tradition passed down from ancient times. C．Because it reflects that babies are expected to be full of energy. 3．Which of the following can best explain “lóng mǎ jīng shén” according to the passage? A．“lóng mǎ jīng shén” is often used to describe boys. B．“lóng mǎ jīng shén” is always positive and powerful. C．“lóng mǎ jīng shén” comes from ancient Chinese festivals. 4．The writer would most probably talk about ________ after the last paragraph. A．how we can spread the culture of Chinese dragons B．what the most important culture of Chinese dragons is C．why Chinese dragons develop differently from Western dragons 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国龙和西方龙的差异，并讲述了龙在中国文化中的意义。 1．细节理解题。根据“First of all, the color of Chinese dragons is gold or red. Western dragons are usually black or gray. Second, Chinese dragons can fly without wings, while Western dragons need wings to fly. Third, Chinese dragons control water and rain to help people with farming, while Western dragons can breathe fire and hurt villagers.”可知，中国龙和西方龙在身体颜色、飞行方式和对待人的方式上有差异。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“When Chinese people name newborn babies, ‘龙’ is a Chinese character that is often chosen, especially for boys, as they are expected to be full of energy.”可知，当中国人给新生儿取名时，“龙”是一个经常被选择的汉字，因为他们被期望充满活力。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“‘lóng mǎ jīng shén’ (the spirit of a dragon horse) is considered as a kind of spirit of the Chinese nation, which is full of energy and is always on the move.”可推知，龙马精神总是充满活力，积极向上的。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者强调了龙是中国文化的重要组成部分，我们有责任传播中国的龙文化，让更多的人更好地了解中国，由此可推断，作者接下来可能会谈及我们该如何传播中国龙的文化。故选A。 Passage 10 (24-25·八下·湖南省长沙县·期末) Shanghai will be home to more theme parks in the near future. Are you planning to visit the Legoland Shanghai Resort during your summer vacation? The park, due to open on July 5, will have eight themed lands made from over 85 million Lego bricks. One special highlight will be the world’s first Lego Monkie Kid area, based on the Chinese classic Journey to the West. Xinhua reported that The Making of Harry Potter studio tour and the Peppa Pig Theme Park are also coming to Shanghai, and both plan to open in 2027. But why is it always Shanghai? John Jakobsen, chief operating officer of Legoland Resorts, told Xinhua that it’s because of China’s strong consumer (消费者) market. The Yangtze River Delta, which includes Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui, has about 55 million possible consumers. Another reason is that it’s easy to get around in Shanghai. The city’s subway now has 22 lines. Together with planes and high-speed trains, people from all over the country can easily reach the park. This is important for theme parks because it allows more visitors to come and enjoy, said The Paper. Meanwhile, there are many shops, hotels and restaurants in Shanghai. They can meet the different needs of visitors, reported the Economic Daily. The government is also playing a big role in bringing parks to Shanghai. According to the 2025 Government Work Report, China will speed up important investment (投资) projects and work harder to develop cultural businesses and the tourism industry (旅游产业). 1．What are the themed lands of the Legoland Shanghai Resort made from? A．Lego bricks. B．Wooden bricks. C．Clay. 2．Which area is not included in The Yangtze River Delta? A．Anhui. B．Fujian. C．Jiangsu. 3．Why would people choose Shanghai’s theme parks to play? A．For the delicious food. B．For many places of interests. C．For the convenient transportation. 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．China’s consumer market. B．Opening of Legoland Shanghai. C．Reasons for Shanghai’s theme park growth. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了上海未来将新增多个主题公园，并分析了选址上海的原因。 1．细节理解题。根据“The park, due to open on July 5, will have eight themed lands made from over 85 million Lego bricks.”可知，这个乐园将由超过8500万块乐高积木打造八大主题园区。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“The Yangtze River Delta, which includes Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui”可知，长江三角洲包括上海，江苏，浙江和安徽，不包括福建。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Another reason is that it’s easy to get around in Shanghai. The city’s subway now has 22 lines. Together with planes and high-speed trains, people from all over the country can easily reach the park.”可知，22条地铁线使得人们在上海市内走动很容易，飞机和高铁使得全国人民都能轻松到达园区，所以人们选择上海的主题公园是因为上海的便利交通。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了上海未来将新增多个主题公园，并分析了选址上海的原因，即上海主题公园发展的原因。故选C。 Passage 11 (24-25·八下·湖南省长沙市雨花区同升湖学校·期末) Labubu, a cute doll from the Chinese toy company Pop Mart, has become a big hit around the world! In the past few months, people have gone crazy for it. Many line up outside stores or stay up late online just to buy a Labubu doll. It’s now a cool thing that everyone wants to have. Pop Mart has big plans for Labubu. The company started a new film-making team. They’re going to make an animated show (动画节目) called “Labubu and Friends” first. The story for the first season was finished on January 15, and they got the legal right (合法权利) to use it on March 18. After the show, there will be a full-length (长篇的) movie about Labubu. This makes Labubu the first Pop Mart doll to get its own TV show and movie. Labubu is a pretend forest elf (精灵) from the north. It’s in a group called “The Monsters”. A talented artist from Hong Kong named Kasing Lung made this group. There are other fun dolls in the Labubu family, too. Zimomo is like the boss, and there’s also Mokoko, Tycoco, Yaya, Spooky, and Pato. Each doll looks different and has its own fun story. Pop Mart isn’t just making dolls. In 2023, they opened the Pop Mart City Park in Beijing. It’s a favorite place for Labubu fans. People can take pictures with huge Labubu models and buy special toys there. The company also made sure no one else can use the Labubu name for things like games, toys, and fun events. This way, Labubu can be in more cool things in the future. With all these new ideas, Labubu will surely bring happiness to people everywhere for a long time. 1．Why do people love Labubu so much recently? A．It’s very cheap to buy. B．It’s a popular thing that many want. C．It can talk and play with people. 2．What will Pop Mart do after the “Labubu and Friends” show? A．Make a long movie about Labubu. B．Stop making new Labubu dolls. C．Open a new school for fans. 3．Who made the group “The Monsters” that Labubu is in? A．An artist from Beijing. B．An artist from Hong Kong. C．An artist from London. 4．What is the best title for this story? A．How to Make a Popular Doll B．Pop Mart’s New Park in Beijing C．Labubu: From a Doll to a Big Star 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了Pop Mart旗下的玩偶Labubu如何从一款受欢迎的玩具发展成为全球热门IP，包括推出动画节目、电影、主题公园等，并成为许多人追捧的潮流符号。 【详解】153．细节理解题。根据“In the past few months, people have gone crazy for it. Many line up outside stores or stay up late online just to buy a Labubu doll. It’s now a cool thing that everyone wants to have.”可知，Labubu最近受到热捧是因为它成为了许多人想要的流行物品。故选B。 1．细节理解题。根据“After the show, there will be a full-length (长篇的) movie about Labubu.”可知，Pop Mart在“Labubu and Friends”节目之后会制作一部关于Labubu的长篇电影。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“A talented artist from Hong Kong named Kasing Lung made this group.”可知，“The Monsters”这个团体是由来自香港的艺术家Kasing Lung创作的。故选B。 3．最佳标题题。文章主要讲述了Labubu从一款受欢迎的玩偶发展为拥有自己的电视节目和电影，并成为全球热门IP的过程。因此最佳标题是“Labubu: From a Doll to a Big Star”。故选C。 Passage 12 (24-25·八下·湖南省岳阳市华容县·期末) Tea and coffee are two of the most popular drinks in the world. However, people usually like one more than the other. These drinks also have very different uses. Tea drinking started in China over 4,000 years ago. Tea is made from leaves. These days, some people drink tea for health, using it to help with stress (压力) or losing weight. However, most people in tea-drinking countries think of tea as more than just a healthy drink. In fact, tea drinking in some countries is a part of the culture. In Turkey (土耳其), tea is always there when people meet. Whether in someone’s home or a company, tea is always offered as a way of welcoming. In the UK, homes and offices usually have tea time. Tea and other dishes are served at tea time in the afternoon. It is a way of relaxing with friends or co-workers (同事). Coffee came much later than tea, just over 1,000 years ago. Coffee is made from beans. Something in the coffee beans makes a person feel active. Most people do not drink coffee to relax. Instead, they drink coffee to get going. Many people drink coffee in the morning to help them wake up. Others will also drink coffee during short breaks in the afternoon to keep going through the working day. Some people may visit coffee shops just to meet and talk with friends. However, many people in coffee shops drink coffee while working on their computers. Is tea or coffee more common in your country? Between the two, which do you like to drink more? 1．Where did tea drinking start? A．In Japan. B．In China. C．In Turkey. 2．What can we learn from Paragraph 2? A．People in the UK drink tea to get fat. B．People in the UK offer tea to say goodbye. C．People in the UK have tea to relax themselves. 3．What is coffee made from? A．Leaves. B．Sugar. C．Beans. 4．Which of the following is NOT true according to Paragraph 3? A．Coffee came much earlier than tea. B．Many people drink coffee to wake up. C．Many people work on their computers in coffee shops. 【答案】1．B 2．C 43．C 4．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了茶和咖啡的不同文化。 1．细节理解题。根据“Tea drinking started in China over 4,000 years ago.”可知，饮茶起源于4000多年前的中国。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“It is a way of relaxing with friends or co-workers (同事).”可知，在英国喝茶是一种和朋友或同事一起放松的方式。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Coffee is made from beans.”可知，咖啡是由豆子制成的。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“Coffee came much later than tea”可知，咖啡的出现比茶晚得多。故选A。 Passage 13 (24-25·八下·湖南省岳阳县·期末) Children’s Games in Ancient China During ancient times, children didn’t have much to enjoy themselves. However, they came up with interesting games to play in their childhood. Kicking (踢) stone balls During the Qing Dynasty, kicking a stone ball around was a popular game in the northern part of China, and it was often played in winter to keep warm. Playing hide-and-seek Hide-and-seek is a traditional game for children, popular around the nation. There are two ways to play: covering a child’s eyes while other kids run around to tease (戏弄) him or, more commonly, others hide and one child must try to find them. Flying kites Kites have quite a long history. The earliest kites were made of wood, instead of paper. The three most famous kites are the Beijing kite, Tianjin kite and Weifang kite. Each has its own feature. For example, the bird-shaped kite with long wings is a special kind of the Beijing kite. Watching shadow plays (皮影戏) The closest thing to watching a film during ancient times was going to see a shadow play. The artists control puppets (木偶) behind the screen and tell stories to the music. 1．How is hide-and-seek usually played? A．One child plays and others watch. B．Others laugh and one child must cry. C．Others hide and one child tries to find. 2．What is the Chinese meaning of the underlined word “feature” in the text? A．地貌 B．特征 C．五官 3．What is the earliest kite made of? A．Wood. B．Silk. C．Paper. 4．Which ancient game is like watching a film? A．Kicking stone balls. B．Flying kites. C．Watching shadow plays. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国古代儿童的游戏，包括踢石球、捉迷藏、放风筝和看皮影戏等。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据“more commonly, others hide and one child must try to find them”可知，捉迷藏通常的玩法是其他人藏起来，一个孩子去找他们。故选C。 2．词义猜测题。根据“Each has its own feature. For example, the bird-shaped kite with long wings is a special kind of the Beijing kite”可知，feature在此处指风筝的“特征”。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“The earliest kites were made of wood, instead of paper”可知，最早的风筝是用木头制作的。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“The closest thing to watching a film during ancient times was going to see a shadow play”可知，古代最接近看电影的活动是看皮影戏。故选C。 主题03 人与自然——动物保护；动物习性；海洋生物；极地地理；天气与健康 Passage 1 (24-25·八下·湖南省长沙市立信中学·期末) Bats are some of the most interesting animals on Earth. Many people think of bats as scary living things that only come out at night, but in fact, they play important roles in our ecosystem (生态系统). Bats are the only mammals (哺乳动物) that can truly fly. Their wings are made up of a thin skin which is stretched (伸展) between their long fingers. This unusual shape allows them to fly in a very special way. Unlike birds, bats can fly quickly and change ways easily. They can even fly backwards! There are more than 1,400 different kinds of bats in the world. Some are very small, about the size of a bee, while others can have a wing of up to 1.5 meters. Bats live in almost every part of the world, except in very cold places. Most bats are nocturnal, which means they are active at night. During the day, they sleep in dark places such as caves, old buildings. When night comes, they wake up and go out to look for food. Different types of bats eat different things. Some bats love fruits. They help plants by spreading pollen (花粉) and seeds, just like bees do. Other bats eat insects (虫子). A single bat can eat hundreds of insects in one night. This helps control the insect population and is good for our environment. However, bats are facing many problems today. The loss of their natural homes makes it hard for them to find places to live and food to eat. Also, some people are afraid of bats and try to kill them. But we should remember that bats are our friends. Protecting bats means protecting our ecosystem. 1．Why can bats fly in a very special way? A．Because their wings have unusual shapes. B．Because they are the only mammals that can truly fly. C．Because they can fly quickly and change ways easily. 2．What does the underlined word “nocturnal” mean in paragraph 4? A．冬眠的 B．夜行的 C．群居的 3．What can we infer (推断) from the passage? A．Some people kill bats mainly because they are bad for our ecosystem. B．Bats can live in almost every part of the world, especially in very cold places. C．Some fruit-loving bats and bees play similar roles in spreading pollen and seeds. 4．What’s the structure of the passage? A．①②/③④/⑤ B．①/②③④/⑤ C．①②③/④/⑤ 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是说明文，介绍了蝙蝠作为唯一能真正飞行的哺乳动物的特点、种类、分布、生活习性及其在生态系统中的重要作用，并指出蝙蝠目前面临的问题，强调应保护蝙蝠。 1．细节理解题。根据“Their wings are made up of a thin skin which is stretched (伸展) between their long fingers. This unusual shape allows them to fly in a very special way.”可知，因为蝙蝠的翅膀有着不寻常的形状。故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据“which means they are active at night.”可知，“nocturnal”意为“夜行的”。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“Some bats love fruits. They help plants by spreading pollen (花粉) and seeds, just like bees do.”可知，一些喜欢吃水果的蝙蝠和蜜蜂在传播花粉和种子方面扮演着相似的角色。故选C。 4．篇章结构题。第①段总述蝙蝠很有趣且在生态系统中扮演重要角色；第②段介绍蝙蝠是唯一能真正飞行的哺乳动物及其飞行特点，第③段介绍蝙蝠的种类、大小和分布，第④段介绍蝙蝠的生活习性和食性，这三段为分述；第⑤段指出蝙蝠面临的问题并强调要保护蝙蝠，为总结。因此结构为①/②③④/⑤。故选B。 Passage 2 (24-25·八下·湖南省长沙市长郡双语雨花中学·期末) The Amur tiger is one of the world’s most endangered animals. Only about 500 live in the forests of Northeast China and Russia. These big, beautiful animals with orange and black stripes (条纹) are a symbol of wild forest protection. At 7:00 a.m., keepers at Heilongjiang Tiger Park prepare meat for the tigers. When the tigers see the keepers, they run to them with excitement. “I take care of them like my children,” says keeper Zhang Wei. “They’re special to me.” Sadly, these tigers face many problems. Humans cut down trees and build roads, which destroys (摧毁) the forests. So tigers cannot find enough food. Also, they have few babies—only one every two to three years. China has started an education program. Scientists do research to learn tiger habits, like where they hunt, how they mark their territory (领土), or when they raise their young. Schools teach children why we must protect these animals. With hard work, we hope their numbers will grow. 1．What time do keepers prepare food for the tigers? A．At 7:00 a.m. B．At 8:30 a.m. C．At 9:00 a.m. 2．Why are Amur tigers endangered? A．They have too many babies. B．Humans destroy their forests. C．Keepers don’t feed them. 3．What does the underlined word “habits” mean in the last paragraph? A．Food they eat. B．Where they hunt. C．Things they usually do. 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Amur tigers look beautiful but dangerous. B．We should build more zoos for tigers. C．Protecting Amur tigers needs human efforts. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍濒危动物——东北虎。 1．细节理解题。根据“At 7:00 a.m., keepers at Heilongjiang Tiger Park prepare meat for the tigers.”可知，早上7点，饲养员为老虎准备食物。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Humans cut down trees and build roads, which destroys (摧毁) the forests. So tigers cannot find enough food. Also, they have few babies—only one every two to three years.”可知，人类破坏了他们的森林，使东北虎濒临灭绝。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据“Scientists do research to learn tiger habits, like where they hunt, how they mark their territory (领土), or when they raise their young.”可知，东北虎在哪里狩猎，如何标记自己的领地，或者何时养育幼虎，这些都是它们的习性。habits意为“习性”，即他们通常做的事情。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍濒危动物——东北虎，告诉我们保护东北虎需要人类的努力。故选C。 Passage 3 (24-25·八下·湖南省长沙市雅礼雨花中学·期末) Cheetahs (猎豹) and other wild cats are in danger of dying out because they have few places to live in and people hunt them. Can we help big cats (大型猫科动物) in danger? Wildlife scientists hope so. They are trying to protect the cats by teaching people about the situation and making laws to keep the animals safer. Cheetahs are the world’s fastest land animals. Most cheetahs live in Africa. In the past 100 years, the number of cheetahs living in the wild has dropped from 100,000 to fewer than 12,000. Good news is here for cheetahs at the Saint Louis Zoo. Three cheetah babies that were born in November are growing up at the Saint Louis Zoo in Missouri. “The babies are doing great,” the zoo’s worker Steve Bircher said. “They are very active and playing with each other or Mom.” By raising cheetah babies, the zoo is working to save cheetahs from dying out. The zoo is also helping protect cheetahs in the wild. “We want children to know that cheetahs are in danger,” said Bircher. “It is important to protect their living places.” 1．Why are cheetahs and other wild cats in danger of dying out? A．Because people hunt them. B．Because they are easy to get ill. C．Because they have nothing to eat. 2．Which is TRUE about cheetahs? A．They are the world’s fastest animals. B．Most of the cheetahs live in Africa. C．They are in danger because of the weather. 3．How does the Saint Louis Zoo in Missouri help cheetahs? A．By raising cheetah babies. B．By making laws to keep them safe. C．By sending cheetah babies into the wild. 4．What can we learn from what Bircher said? A．Kids can help cheetahs by playing with them. B．Cheetahs need safe homes to live in. C．Zoos should keep all cheetahs inside. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了猎豹等大型猫科动物濒临灭绝的原因以及圣路易斯动物园为保护猎豹所做的努力。 【详解】17．细节理解题。根据“Cheetahs (猎豹) and other wild cats are in danger of dying out because they have few places to live in and people hunt them.”可知，猎豹濒危的原因是人类的猎杀和栖息地减少。故选A。 1．细节理解题。根据“Cheetahs are the world’s fastest land animals. Most cheetahs live in Africa.”可知，大多数猎豹生活在非洲。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“By raising cheetah babies, the zoo is working to save cheetahs from dying out.”可知，圣路易斯动物园通过饲养猎豹幼崽来帮助它们。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据“It is important to protect their living places.”可推知，猎豹需要安全的生存环境。故选B。 Passage 4 (24-25·八下·湖南省永州市·期末) Lately, the capybara (水豚), a cute animal, has become popular online. People love it for its friendly nature and relaxed lifestyle. Many people use its picture as their profile photo (头像) to show their love for it. Capybaras live in South America. They look like a very large mouse. A mouse-like animal may not be welcomed by many, but capybaras always have lots of different animals around them. What makes capybaras so friendly? As the largest rodent animal (啮齿动物) in the world, capybaras have only a few enemies (敌人). Living by water, it is easy for them to hide in the water to stay away from danger. They live such a comfortable life that nothing seems to make them worry. Capybaras eat plants for a living. They won’t hurt other animals. Capybaras usually eat water plants in the morning and evening, spending the rest of the day bathing in water and resting on the shore (岸边). Sometimes, capybaras become “animal buses” while moving. They take small animals like birds, ducks, and even monkeys for a free ride. Capybaras are also getting popular as friends of humans. More and more people around the world want to raise a capybara as a pet. After all, no one can say no to such a cute and kind friend. 1．Why do many people use capybara’s picture as their profile photo? A．To become popular. B．To show their love for it. C．To love it for its nature and lifestyle. 2．What can we learn about capybaras from Paragraph 3? A．They are the largest rodent animal. B．They have many enemies. C．They live a dangerous life. 3．What things do capybaras usually do? A．They hurt other animals. B．They eat water plants once a day. C．They take small animals for a ride. 4．Which part of a magazine may the passage be taken from? A．Health. B．Nature. C．Art. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了水豚因其友好的性格和悠闲的生活方式在网络上走红，并详细描述了水豚的生活习性、栖息地以及与其他动物的互动方式。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“People love it for its friendly nature and relaxed lifestyle. Many people use its picture as their profile photo to show their love for it.”可知，人们用水豚的照片作为头像是为了表达对它的喜爱。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“As the largest rodent animal in the world, capybaras have only a few enemies.”可知，水豚是世界上最大的啮齿动物。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“Sometimes, capybaras become ‘animal buses’ while moving. They take small animals like birds, ducks, and even monkeys for a free ride.”可知，水豚有时会载着小动物移动。故选C。 4．推理判断题。全文围绕水豚这一动物展开，介绍了它的生活习性和特点，因此最可能出自杂志的“自然”板块。故选B。 Passage 5 (24-25·八下·湖南省永州市祁阳市·期末) For the first time ever, scientists have recorded the heart rate (心率) of the world’s largest creature: the blue whale. To get this reading, they attached an electrocardiogram (心电图) device to the body of a whale. They found that the whale’s heart rate can slow to just two beats a minute as it searches for food below the surface of the ocean. The highest heart rate they recorded was 37 beats a minute after the whale returned to the surface for air. The blue whale is the largest animal that has ever lived. It can grow to 30 meters long and weigh as much as 181,000 kilograms. The whale’s heart alone weighs more than a fully grown cow. Stanford University ocean biologist Jeremy Goldbogen led the blue whale heart rate study. He said such research helps scientists understand how huge animals are. Generally, larger animals have slower heart rates. A normal human heart of a person at rest beats 60 to 100 times each minute. It increases to about 200 beats a minute during exercise. The smallest animals, shrews (地鼠), have heart rates of more than a thousand beats per minute. Blue whales have fascinated biologists and people in general for years. They are not only the largest and biggest-brained animals. They are also the loudest. They can communicate with other whales hundreds of miles away. 1．What is the blue whale’s heart rate when it searches for food under the water? A．2 beats a minute. B．37 beats a minute. C．60 beats a minute. 2．What can we learn about blue whales from paragraph 3? A．They can’t grow to 30 meters long. B．They weigh as much as 18,100 kilograms. C．The whale’s heart alone weighs more than a fully grown cow. 3．Which animal has the fastest heart rate according to the passage? A．A blue whale. B．A cow. C．A shrew. 4．Which part of a magazine may the passage be taken from? A．Art. B．Nature. C．Business. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了科学家首次记录到蓝鲸的心率情况，还阐述了蓝鲸作为地球上最大动物的一些特征。 1．细节理解题。根据“They found that the whale’s heart rate can slow to just two beats a minute as it searches for food below the surface of the ocean.”可知，蓝鲸在水下觅食时心率是每分钟2次，故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“The whale’s heart alone weighs more than a fully grown cow.”可知，蓝鲸的心脏比一头成年奶牛还重，故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Generally, larger animals have slower heart rates.”以及“The smallest animals, shrews (地鼠), have heart rates of more than a thousand beats per minute.”可知，一般来说，体型较大的动物心率较慢。文中提及最小动物地鼠心率最快，心率超过每分钟1000次，故选C。 4．推理判断题。文章围绕蓝鲸这一自然界的大型生物展开，介绍其心率、体型等，属于自然范畴，所以可能出自杂志的“自然”部分，故选B。 Passage 6 (24-25·八下·湖南省张家界市慈利县·期末) Winter is hard for most animals. So some birds and animals fly to the south. The groundhog (土拨鼠), however, deals with winter differently. As soon as it feels the weather turning cold, it starts to dig a hole at least five feet underground. There it makes a comfortable home with leaves and grass. It spends the cold winter months in its underground bed and it won’t wake up until spring. The groundhog doesn’t eat at all during the winter. Instead, it eats as much and as often as it can during the summer. As winter comes, the groundhog becomes so fat that it can hardly move. When it starts to feel sleepy, it goes back to the home and falls into a deep sleep. Its breathing almost stops, its heart slows to about four beats a minute and its body temperature falls to just above 0℃ during the sleep. When it wakes up in spring, its weight (重量) is only half of what it was in the fall. By February or March, it’s ready to leave its hole. So years ago, when science and technology were less developed, people often waited for the first groundhog to stick its head out above ground as it showed that spring was coming. This gave rise to a number of stories. One of them is about a groundhog called Phil. This animal could forecast (预测) the weather. Phil stuck his head out above ground and looked around every February 2nd. If he saw his shadow (影子), it meant that there would be an extended (延长的) winter of six weeks. If the weather was cloudy and he didn’t see his shadow, it meant spring would be early. 1．What can we know about the groundhog’s home? A．There are leaves and grass in it. B．Its bed is five feet long. C．The groundhog digs it in summer. 2．What change will happen to the groundhog when sleeping in winter? A．It becomes much thinner. B．Its body temperature goes up. C．Its heart beats faster and faster. 3．Why did people expect to see the groundhog getting out of its home in the past? A．It told us that summer was coming. B．It can bring good luck to see a groundhog. C．It was a sign that the winter was over. 4．Which of the following would be the best title for the text? A．The Groundhog’s Diet B．The Groundhog’s Winter Sleep C．The Groundhog’s hole underground 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文介绍了土拨鼠冬眠的习性，以及人们如何通过土拨鼠的行为来预测春天的到来。 1．细节理解题。根据“There it makes a comfortable home with leaves and grass.”可知，土拨鼠的家里有树叶和草。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“When it wakes up in spring, its weight (重量) is only half of what it was in the fall.”可知，春天醒来时土拨鼠的体重减半，即它变得更瘦了。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“people often waited for the first groundhog to stick its head out above ground as it showed that spring was coming.”可知，在过去人们期望看到土拨鼠走出它的洞穴，因为这是冬天结束的信号。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。根据文章内容可知，全文围绕土拨鼠如何冬眠展开，包括挖洞、储存脂肪、生理变化及与春天的联系，所以B项“土拨鼠的冬眠”适合作标题。故选B。 Passage 7 (24-25·八下·湖南省邵阳市新邵县·期末) Antarctica (南极洲) is Earth’s southernmost and coldest continent. It is home to lovely penguins. Penguins are birds in black and white. They look funny when they are walking. But unlike most birds, penguins are not able to fly in the air. Penguins spend as much as 75% of their time underwater looking for food. A Russian man first found Antarctica in 1820. Later humans went there to explore. They wanted to know more about the beautiful land. They found there is ice and snow all through the year. The air is very clear and clean. It is very interesting that in summer the sun still shines even at night. However, Antarctica is a very cold place and the coldest temperature was once -89.2℃. If you put a basin of water in the open air, it will become ice in a few seconds. So there are few people living there. Although the weather is bad, many scientists show great interest in Antarctica. Every summer they go to Antarctica. They usually look for resources under the ice and study climate changes carefully there. 1．Which of the following is TRUE according to Paragraph 1? A．Antarctica is the biggest of all the continents. B．Antarctica is cold but penguins like to live there. C．Penguins like to find food on land. 2．Why do humans go there to explore? A．To travel there. B．To know more about the beautiful land. C．To see the penguins there. 3．According to Paragraph 3, why are there few people living in Antarctica? A．Because of the penguins. B．Because of the water. C．Because of the cold weather. 4．Which of the following can be the best title of this passage? A．Looking for resources in Antarctica. B．How penguins live in Antarctica. C．The coldest place in the world. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文讲述了世界上最冷的地方——南极洲的相关情况。 1．细节理解题。根据“Antarctica (南极洲) is Earth’s southernmost and coldest continent. It is home to lovely penguins.”可知，南极洲很冷，但企鹅喜欢居住在那里。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“They wanted to know more about the beautiful land.”可知，人类探索南极洲的目的是了解更多关于这片美丽土地的信息，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“However Antarctica is a very cold place and the coldest temperature was once -89.2℃…So there are few people living there.”可知，寒冷是很少人居住的原因。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，全文围绕南极洲的“极端寒冷”展开，因此选项C为最佳标题。故选C。 Passage 8 (24-25·八下·湖南省娄底市涟源市·期末) Do you know how weather affects our lives? Well, it affects where we go, what we do and what we wear. And it also affects how we feel and behave (表现). It is a big part of our lives. We often use weather language to describe how we feel. For example, if we are feeling ill, we say we are “under the weather”. If we are feeling stressed and busy, we can say that we are “snowed under”. We use “bad” weather (rainy, stormy, etc.) to describe a bad mood (心情), and “good” weather (sunny, warm, etc.) to describe a good mood. And that is not all. The weather can even change the way we feel. For example, sunlight helps our body to produce vitamin (维他命) D．This vitamin can improve our mood. But some parts of the world get little sunlight in winter, so people can feel unusually sad then. However, when it is hot and sunny, some people may get angry easily, too. Scientists are still studying how the weather changes the way people feel and behave. These days, many of us spend less time outside than in the past. Getting no fresh air or sunlight and spending too much time inside can make us feel down. It is very important to go outside once in a while, whatever the weather, rain or shine. 1．We say we are “under the weather” when we feel ________. A．ill B．busy C．stressed 2．Which of the following is right according to Paragraph 3? A．People may get sad easily in hot weather. B．The weather can’t change the way we feel. C．Sunlight helps our body produce vitamin D． 3．Which is the right structure of the text? (①=Paragraph 1, ②=Paragraph 2, ...) A． B． C． 4．The text is probably taken from a(n) ________ magazine. A．art B．sport C．health 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过科学解释和日常例子，说明天气对人类情绪和行为的影响。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“For example, if we are feeling ill, we say we are ‘under the weather’.”可知，如果我们感觉不舒服，我们会说自己“under the weather”。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“For example, sunlight helps our body to produce vitamin D.”可知，阳光有助于我们的身体产生维生素D。故选C。 3．篇章结构题。综合全文可知，第①段：总起（天气影响生活多方面）；第②和③段：围绕天气对“感受、情绪”影响的分述，属于同一层面内容；第④段：减少户外活动会影响情绪，应坚持外出（无论晴雨）；因此，本文属于“总——分——总”结构，选项B结构图符合题意。故选B。 4．推理判断题。综合全文可知，本文围绕天气对人们健康（包括情绪、心理感受等）、生活的影响展开，属于健康生活类内容；因此，本文很可能出自一本健康杂志。故选C。 主题01 人与自我——健康管理；急救知识；安全教育；个人成长；学习方法；职业规划； 生活哲理；学习工具；运动安全 Passage 1 (24-25·八下·湖南省衡阳市石鼓区多校联合考试·期末) China is trying to help people manage (管理) weight and stay healthy. Since 2024, the government has carried out a three-year “Weight Management Year” (体重管理年) plan against obesity. Obesity can cause serious health problems like diabetes (糖尿病) and heart disease. Here’s what you should know. Check your BMI first. For adults, a healthy BMI is 18.5-24. A BMI of 24-28 means you’re overweight, and 28 or more means you’re obese. Also, measure your waist (腰围). Men should keep it under 90 cm, and women under 85 cm. Eat well and exercise regularly. Choose healthy food like brown rice, fresh vegetables, and lean proteins. Avoid fried and sugary food, and less salt and oil. Do 150-300 minutes of walking, cycling or dancing every week, and strength exercises twice a week. If you sit for long, stretch for 3-5 minutes every hour. Small daily habits matter. Teens should sleep for at least 7 hours a night. Eating vegetables first, then meat and rice helps control eating. Schools and communities help too. Shanghai schools ensure students exercise at least two hours daily. Hospitals’ “weight clinics” offer diet and exercise advice, and traditional Chinese methods. By 2030, China aims to slow obesity growth. Losing weight doesn’t need to be perfect. Start with small changes like drinking water instead of soda. These simple steps can lead to a healthier future. 1． What is the main goal of China’s “Weight Management Year” plan? A．To make traditional Chinese food popular. B．To encourage people to join sports competitions. C．To reduce (减少) obesity and improve public health. 2． What does the underlined word “Obesity” in Paragraph 1 mean in Chinese? A．过度肥胖 B．过度瘦 C．减肥 3． How long should people do activities like walking every week? A．3-5 minutes. B．7 hours. C．150-300 minutes. 4． Which of the following statements is TRUE? A．Only big lifestyle changes can help with weight management. B．Shanghai schools ask students to exercise for at least two hours every day. C．The “Weight Management Year” plan lasts from 2024 to 2030. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文介绍了中国自2024年起实施的“体重管理年”计划，旨在通过多维度措施防控肥胖问题。 1．细节理解题。根据“China is trying to help people manage (管理) weight and stay healthy. Since 2024, the government has carried out a three-year “Weight Management Year” (体重管理年) plan against obesity.”可知，“体重管理年”计划的主要目的是减少肥胖和改善公众健康。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据“Obesity can cause serious health problems like diabetes (糖尿病) and heart disease.”可知，过度肥胖会引起严重的健康问题，如糖尿病和心脏病，所以划线词意为“过度肥胖”。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“Do 150-300 minutes of walking, cycling or dancing every week, and strength exercises twice a week.”可知，人们每周应该做150分钟到300分钟的运动。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“Shanghai schools ensure students exercise at least two hours daily.”可知， 上海的学校要求学生每天至少锻炼两个小时。故选B。 Passage 2 (24-25·八下·湖南省永州市蓝山县·期末) First aid (急救) is the first and immediate assistance given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets hurt before doctors arrive. It’s believed that the 10 minutes after an accident can make a difference between life and death. So let’s learn some common sense about first aid. Burns If it’s not very serious, cool the burned area quickly with cool but not cold running water. Don’t put ice on burns. If burns are on the face, ask the person to sit up. If burns are on arms or legs, keep them higher than the heart. Animal bites(咬伤) You’d better wash the bite area immediately with soap water for at least 15 minutes. Then dry the wound with a clean towel. If the wound is swollen (肿起的), put ice covered in a towel on it for 15 to 20 minutes and then go to the hospital as soon as possible. Heart attack If you come across someone probably stopping breathing, call 120 immediately. Let the patient lie down and loosen (解开) his/her tight clothing while talking with him/her. If the patient doesn’t respond, perform CPR. Give chest compressions(胸部按压) at a speed of 100-120 compressions per minute. After 30 compressions, begin rescue breathing (人工呼吸). In this world, there are accidents happening every second. Everyone should master some knowledge about first aid, so that we can help ourselves as well as others in time. 1．What should we do if somebody’s face is burned? A．Let the patient sit up. B．Put some ice on the burns. C．Cool the burns with cold running water. 2．How long should we wash the bite area if animal bites us? A．At least 10 minutes. B．At least 15 minutes. C．At least 30 minutes. 3．Which is the correct order to save a patient with a heart attack? ①Perform CPR.     ②Talk to the patient.     ③Call the doctor.     ④Make the patient lie down. A．①②④③ B．③④②① C．③①②④ 4．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To teach people how to give first aid. B．To introduce the meaning of first aid. C．To give some ways to avoid getting hurt. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了急救的概念，并针对烧伤、动物咬伤、心脏病发作等情况给出了相应的急救常识。 1．细节理解题。根据“Burns”中的介绍“If burns are on the face, ask the person to sit up.”可知，如果有人脸部被烧伤，就让患者坐起来。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Animal bites”中的介绍“You’d better wash the bite area immediately with soap water for at least 15 minutes.”可知，如果动物咬了我们，我们至少应该用15分钟时间清洗咬伤部位。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“Heart attack”中的介绍“If you come across someone probably stopping breathing, call 120 immediately.”、“Let the patient lie down and loosen his/her tight clothing while talking with him/her.”、“If the patient doesn’t respond, perform CPR…”可知，救助心脏病发作病人的正确顺序是先打电话叫医生，让病人躺下，和病人交流，最后进行心肺复苏，则正确的顺序应为“③④②①”。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文及第一段“So let’s learn some common sense about first aid.”可知，本文主要介绍了急救的概念，并针对烧伤、动物咬伤、心脏病发作等情况给出了相应的急救常识，则文章主要目的是教人们如何进行急救。故选A。 Passage 3 (24-25·八下·湖南省衡阳市衡山县·期末) Having a bloody nose can make some people nervous, but in most cases, nosebleeds (流鼻血) are not serious and easy to stop. Around 60% of people will experience a bloody nose in their lifetime. Nosebleeds are most common in children from 2 to 10 years and in adults aged 50-80. Common causes of nosebleeds include dry air and wounds to the nose or other parts of the head. Blowing your nose too often when you have a cold can also lead to nosebleeds. You probably already know how to stop a bloody nose right away, but it’s important to do it properly and safely. Always sit up straight when your nose is bleeding, and never lie on your back. One of the biggest mistakes in first aid is that you lean (倾斜) back with a bloody nose, but the best thing to do is to lean forward. The blood needs to go somewhere, and if the person leans back or lies down, it will most likely go down his throat, possibly causing choking (窒息). And try not to put tissues (纸巾) into your nose. Pinching the nose properly stops or slows the bleeding. Hold the nose for at least five minutes. Do not let go to check for bleeding until at least the first five minutes are up. If you can, keep the pressure on for longer. After five minutes, see if the bleeding has stopped. If not, pinch again, but keep it up for 10 minutes this time. Avoid activities such as heavy lifting, blowing or picking your nose for a day after the nosebleed has stopped. Remember that if you can’t stop the nosebleed with these methods, see a doctor immediately. 1．Who may most easily have nosebleeds? A．A 6-month-old baby. B．An 8-year-old boy. C．A 15-year-old girl. 2．When your nose is bleeding, you should ________. A．lean back with a bloody nose B．sit up straight and lean forward C．put tissues into the bloody nose 3．What does the underlined word “Pinching” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Holding. B．Blowing. C．Leaning. 4．What’s the structure of the passage? A． B． C． 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文主要讲了流鼻血的年龄段、原因及阻止流鼻血的方法。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据“Nosebleeds are most common in children from 2 to 10 years and in adults aged 50-80.”可知，流鼻血最常见于2至10岁的儿童和50至80岁的成年人。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Always sit up straight when your nose is bleeding, and never lie on your back.”及“but the best thing to do is to lean forward.”可知，鼻子流血时，应该坐直，身体向前倾。故选B。 3．词义猜测题。根据“Hold the nose for at least five minutes.”可知，捏住鼻子至少五分钟，所以划线词的含义是“捏”。故选A。 4．篇章结构题。第一段引出话题；第二段讲述流鼻血的原因；第三、四、五段讲述正确处理流鼻血的方法。故选B。 Passage 4 (24-25·八下·湖南省永州市·期末) Noise-canceling headphones (降噪耳机) bring you a quiet world, but using them for too long might be bad for your brain (大脑). Doctors from the UK’s National Health Service (NHS) have seen more young people having “ear problems”. These problems include trouble understanding speech or needing subtitles (字幕) to watch videos. However, their ears are healthy, it’s their brains that are affected (受影响). This problem is known as auditory processing disorder (APD). People with APD can hear sounds but find it hard to understand them. For our hearing to work well, our brains need to choose which sounds to focus on and which to ignore. We get the skill when we hear different sounds. If we don’t hear different kinds of sounds, we can lose this skill, said NHS doctors. Noise-canceling headphones might be part of the problem. Claire Benton from the British Academy of Audiology said that wearing these headphones creates a “false (虚假的) environment” where you only hear what you want. This makes it easier for your brain, so it doesn’t have to work as hard. This technology can be harmful (有害的) if you use it too much. However, it is still helpful for people working in noisy places. How can we protect our ears? Only use noise-canceling headphones for two or three hours each day. Every hour, take a break from using the headphones. Try not to use these headphones in crowded places, especially when you are outside or near traffic. 1．What problem do people with APD have? A．They can’t hear any sounds. B．They are almost deaf. C．They have trouble understanding sounds. 2．What does the underlined word “ignore” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Listen carefully. B．Pay no attention to. C．Remember quickly. 3．What’s the main idea of the last paragraph? A．To give advice. B．To show problems. C．To explain reasons. 4．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．Noise-canceling headphones are becoming more popular among young people. B．Using noise-canceling headphones for too long may affect the brain’s auditory processing ability. C．Doctors from the UK’s National Health Service are concerned about ear problems. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了长期使用降噪耳机可能影响大脑听觉处理能力，并给出了保护听力的使用建议。 1．细节理解题。根据“People with APD can hear sounds but find it hard to understand them.”可知，APD患者能听到声音但难以理解声音。故选C。 2．词义猜测题。根据“our brains need to choose which sounds to focus on and which to ignore”的上下文对比关系，ignore应与focus on（关注）形成反义，即“不关注”。故选B。 3．主旨大意题。最后一段通过“How can we protect our ears?”引出具体建议，包括使用时长限制、定时休息和避免场景等。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。全文通过APD病例分析指出降噪耳机可能影响大脑听觉处理能力，并给出使用建议。故选B。 Passage 5 (24-25·八下·湖南省长沙市浏阳市·期末) People usually think volunteering is just for adults. It seems hard for students like us. But it is totally different in Canada. The government encourages people of any age to volunteer in public and make contributions (贡献) to the whole society. Therefore, if students want to graduate (毕业) from high school, 30 hours of volunteering is needed. If students want to get into a good university, it helps. Volunteering is an important point that universities will think about. Besides, there are volunteer chances everywhere. People can find information about how to volunteer posted in the library or on the Internet. It includes many different jobs, such as wrapping (包装) gifts in a shopping mall, taking care of small kids or cleaning up a church. Students can choose what they want to do and register (注册) online. I got my first volunteer job at New Westminster Museum every Sunday from 9:30 a.m. to 11:30 a.m. My job is to check the documents (文件) on a computer and correct mistakes. At first, I was nervous to communicate with others. But as time passed, I became more open. During the course of volunteering, I not only learned how to work with other volunteers but also learned a lot of history about New Westminster. As a volunteer, I am proud of myself. I enjoy doing my job and helping others. 1．How many hours of volunteering do students need to finish to graduate from high school in Canada? A．30 hours B．40 hours C．20 hours 2．What does the first paragraph mainly talk about? A．The history of volunteering in Canada. B．The Canadian students’ graduation from school. C．The importance of volunteering for Canadian students. 3．Where can people in Canada find information about volunteer chances? A．In a church B．In a shopping mall C．In the library or on the Internet 4．What can we infer (推断) from the last paragraph? A．The writer loves doing her job and will continue to do it. B．The writer wants more adults to get a volunteer job. C．The writer was too nervous to take part in volunteering. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了加拿大鼓励学生参与志愿活动的政策、志愿机会的获取方式以及作者的个人志愿经历和感悟。 1．细节理解题。根据“Therefore, if students want to graduate (毕业) from high school, 30 hours of volunteering is needed.”可知，加拿大高中生毕业需完成30小时志愿活动。故选A。 2．主旨大意题。通读第一段可知，第一段提到加拿大政府鼓励任何年龄的人参与志愿活动，并强调志愿时长对高中生毕业和大学申请的重要性。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“People can find information about how to volunteer posted in the library or on the Internet.”可知，志愿信息获取渠道为图书馆或网络。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“As a volunteer, I am proud of myself. I enjoy doing my job and helping others.”可推断，作者热爱志愿工作并会继续参与。故选A。 Passage 6 (24-25·八下·湖南省长沙市长郡雨花外国语学校·期末) ①What do you want to be when you grow up? A study shows that more than 80% of children choose jobs they often see around them, like doctors and teachers—with teachers topping the list of kids’ dream jobs. But jobs such as cartoonists appear in less than 7% of their answers. This “visibility bias” (能见度偏差) holds back our imagination—we often overlook jobs hidden outside our daily lives. ②Choosing a career (职业) is crucial because it needs to bring both income (收入) and job satisfaction. If you don’t enjoy your job, your life won’t be as happy as you wish it to be. Try looking into different possibilities! Your dream job might be something you’ve never heard of before. ③How can you start? First, think about your interests and strengths. This will help shape your future work. If numbers excite you, maybe you can be a scientist. If storytelling comes naturally, writing or film-making could be your choice. And remember to talk to teachers, parents and friends. They can share ideas about different jobs. ④Also, think about future trends (趋势). Many jobs today, like website builders, weren’t around 50 years ago. New jobs like AI ethics advisors (伦理顾问) might appear when you grow up. So, on top of learning subjects, build skills such as activities and critical (批判的) thinking. ⑤You don’t have to wait to plan. Join clubs, read books, or watch videos about different jobs. Remember: big dreams start with small actions. Whether you want to change the world or find happiness, planning today will help you reach your dreams tomorrow! 1．Why do children often choose teachers and doctors as their dream jobs? A．These jobs pay the most money. B．These jobs need the least training. C．Children see these jobs in their daily lives. 2．What does the underlined word “crucial” probably mean in English? A．Important B．Interesting C．Helpful 3．Which of the following would the writer most likely agree with? A．In career planning, parents’ advice is the most important. B．Only by thinking about future trends can you find a good job. C．Developing skills like creativity is important for future jobs. 4．Which of the following best shows the structure (结构) of the passage? A．①/②③/④⑤ B．①②/③/④⑤ C．①/②/③④/⑤ 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，围绕职业选择展开，介绍了孩子们选择职业时存在的现象、选择职业的重要性、职业规划的方法等内容。 1．细节理解题。根据“A study shows that more than 80% of children choose jobs they often see around them, like doctors and teachers—with teachers topping the list of kids’ dream jobs.”可知，孩子们经常选择教师和医生作为他们的理想工作是因为他们在日常生活中能看到这些工作，故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据“Choosing a career (职业) is crucial because it needs to bring both income (收入) and job satisfaction. If you don’t enjoy your job, your life won’t be as happy as you wish it to be.”可知，选择职业能带来收入和工作满意度，如果不喜欢自己的工作，生活就不会像希望的那样幸福，所以选择职业是“重要的”，“crucial”意思是“Important”，故选A。 3．观点态度题。根据“Also, think about future trends (趋势). Many jobs today, like website builders, weren’t around 50 years ago. New jobs like AI ethics advisors (伦理顾问）might appear when you grow up. So, on top of learning subjects, build skills such as activities and critical (批判的) thinking.”可知，作者认为发展创造力等技能对未来的工作很重要， 故选C。 4．篇章结构题。文章第①段指出孩子们在选择理想工作时存在“能见度偏差”；第②段强调选择职业的重要性；第③段和第④段分别阐述了开始职业规划的方法，即考虑自己的兴趣优势以及未来趋势；第⑤段总结全文，鼓励人们从小行动开始进行职业规划。所以文章结构为①/②/③④/⑤， 故选C。 Passage 7 (24-25·八下·湖南省株洲市攸县·期末) In spring, you may see some people wear T-shirts, but others wear coats. It looks like people feel the weather differently on the same day. Why is this? We don’t feel the air temperature directly (直接地). Our skin (皮肤) has special parts that feel if it is cold, cool, warm, or hot. These parts are everywhere—even in our noses! If two people are the same size, they might still feel differently. This is because of body fat. More body fat makes people feel warmer. And less body fat makes people feel colder. That’s why old people feel colder than young people—they have less fat under their skin. Height is another reason. Our bodies need blood (血液) to stay warm. Most people have hearts about the same size. But in tall people, it takes more time and work for blood to move around their bodies. So, tall people might feel colder. Other things can change how we feel too. If you just drank hot tea, you might feel warmer. If you’re tired or hungry, you could feel colder. Even wind can make the same temperature feel very different!   So next time you see someone dressed differently from you, don’t be surprised—it’s not just the weather. Our bodies all react in their own special ways! 1．Why does the writer mention (提到) people’s different clothing choices at the beginning of the passage? A．To show people’s clothing habits. B．To make readers interested in the topic. C．To explain the changeable weather in spring. 2．What does the underlined word “fat” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．肥胖 B．皮肤 C．脂肪 3．According to the passage, who is likely to feel colder? A．A tall person with less body fat. B．A short person with more body fat. C．A person who has just drunk hot tea. 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．Why people wear different clothes. B．How body fat keeps people warm. C．Why people feel temperature differently. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了在同一温度下人们体感不同的原因，包括身体脂肪含量、身高以及其他因素对体感温度的影响。 1．细节理解题。根据“In spring, you may see some people wear T-shirts, but others wear coats. It looks like people feel the weather differently on the same day. Why is this?”可知，作者开篇提到人们穿不同衣服，是用生活现象引发好奇，吸引读者探究为何人们对天气感受不同。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据“That’s why old people feel colder than young people—they have less fat under their skin.”可知，老年人比年轻人感觉更冷，因为他们皮肤下的脂肪更少，可推测划线词fat的意思是“脂肪”。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“More body fat makes people feel warmer. And less body fat makes people feel colder.”和“Height is another reason ... So, tall people might feel colder.”可知，脂肪少的人会感觉更冷，高的人可能也会感觉更冷，高个子且脂肪少的人更易觉得冷。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要围绕为什么在同一温度下人们会有不同的体感展开，分别从身体脂肪含量、身高以及其他因素等方面进行阐述。故选C。 Passage 8 (24-25·八下·湖南省常德市武陵区·期末) DeepSeek (深度求索) is an AI tool (工具) that makes daily (日常的) things easier. It works in three main areas: work, school, and life. At work, DeepSeek can do many simple jobs fast. It writes emails and reports right now, saving workers much time. In banks, it checks (检查) numbers carefully and finds mistakes that people might miss. This helps companies (公司) make better decisions. Many office workers say DeepSeek helps them do more important things. In schools, DeepSeek is like a smart helper. It gives students special lessons that are right for them. When students have problems with math, it explains each step clearly. For quick learners, it gives more difficult exercises. Teachers also use DeepSeek to see how their students are doing and make better lesson plans. In daily life, DeepSeek is very useful. It suggests movies and music you might enjoy. When traveling to other countries, it can change languages quickly on your phone. Many travelers say this helps them talk with local (本地的) people easily. DeepSeek can even tell you to take an umbrella when it’s going to rain. While DeepSeek is very helpful, we need to use it carefully. It’s important to keep personal information safe (安全的) when using computers. As technology (科技) gets better, DeepSeek will help us in more ways. But we should always remember that it’s a tool to help people, not to take the place of human thinking. 1．What can DeepSeek do in banks? A．Suggest movies to workers. B．Teach math to students. C．Check numbers and find mistakes. 2．How does DeepSeek help students who learn slowly? A．By explaining each step clearly. B．By giving more difficult exercises. C．By changing languages quickly. 3．What’s the structure (结构) of the text? (P=Paragraph) A． B． C． 4．What is the main idea of the text? A．How we keep information safe. B．How DeepSeek helps in work, school and life. C．Why students need to study math harder. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文是说明文，介绍DeepSeek在工作、学校和生活中的帮助。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In banks, it checks (检查) numbers carefully and finds mistakes that people might miss.”可知，DeepSeek在银行可以检查数字并发现人们可能忽略的错误。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“When students have problems with math, it explains each step clearly. For quick learners, it gives more difficult exercises.”可知，学习慢的学生遇到问题时，它清晰解释步骤来帮助。故选A。 3．篇章结构题。文章先总体介绍了DeepSeek的功能，然后分别详细描述了它在工作、学校和日常生活中的应用，最后总结了其重要性和未来的发展。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了DeepSeek在工作、学校和日常生活中的应用和帮助，因此文章的主要思想是DeepSeek如何在这些领域提供帮助。故选B。 Passage 9 (24-25·八下·湖南省长沙市长郡雨花外国语洪塘学校·期末)      When people think of pool parties, diving (跳水) competitions often come to mind. Everyone tries to show their best jumps, but sometimes things go wrong. Imagine someone hitting the water stomach-first—the loud sound makes everyone sympathize with him! The “belly flop” hurts because the water feels almost like hard ground. Why does this happen? When you fall onto hard ground, you can feel the ground’s reaction force (反作用力) acting on your body. When you fall from a point that is high enough, this force can hurt you badly. Water is different—it moves out of your way when you enter (进入) it. It’s soft if you enter slowly. But when you hit it fast, the water can’t move away fast enough. At that moment, it makes a strong impact force (冲击力), just like hitting hard ground, and pushes back against your body! The larger the area of your body hitting the water is, the stronger the impact force will be. Belly flops hurt the most because your whole front body hits the water at once. That’s why good divers enter the water like an arrow (箭)—this makes water move around them easily and the water doesn’t push back hard. If you accidentally start belly-flopping while in the air, quickly use your hands or knees to break the water first—this makes the pushback less painful (令人疼痛的). Remember: the key to safe diving is making sure that your body hits the water in a right way. Keep practicing the right way to hold your body, and you’ll make perfect “arrow”dives! 1．What does the underlined phrase “sympathize with” mean in English? A．Think of. B．Feel sorry for. C．Cheer for. 2．Why does the water feel like hard ground during a belly flop? A．The diver enters the water slowly. B．The water turns into ice for a moment. C．The water can’t move away quickly enough. 3．Which best shows how body area hitting water affects (影响) impact force? A． B． C． 4．What advice does the writer give to avoid (避免) the pain of a belly flop? A．Always dive in deep water. B．Practise belly flops more often. C．Use hands or knees to break the water first. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了跳水“腹部拍水”很疼的原因，提醒我们安全跳水。 【详解】1．词句猜测题。根据“Imagine someone hitting the water stomach-first—the loud sound makes everyone sympathize with him! The ‘belly flop’ hurts because the water feels almost like hard ground.”可知，“腹部拍水”很疼，响亮的声音让每个人都同情他。sympathize with意为“同情”，与feel sorry for意思相近。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Water is different—it moves out of your way when you enter (进入) it. It’s soft if you enter slowly. But when you hit it fast, the water can’t move away fast enough. At that moment, it makes a strong impact force (冲击力), just like hitting hard ground, and pushes back against your body!”可知，腹部拍水时水会感觉像坚硬的地面，是因为水不能足够快地流走，会产生强大的冲击力，就像击打坚硬的地面一样。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“But when you hit it fast, the water can’t move away fast enough. At that moment, it makes a strong impact force (冲击力), just like hitting hard ground, and pushes back against your body!”可知，身体撞击面积越大，冲击力越强，图A最能说明身体面积撞击水对冲击力的影响。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“If you accidentally start belly-flopping while in the air, quickly use your hands or knees to break the water first—this makes the pushback less painful (令人疼痛的).”可知，作者建议先用手或膝盖接触水面以减小冲击力来避免腹部拍水的痛苦。故选C。 主题02 人与社会——文化传播；人际交往；传统文化；社会现象；文化融合；科技创新； 科技应用；教育科技；科技竞赛；环境保护 Passage 1 (24-25·八下·湖南省衡阳市衡阳县·期末) Black Myth: Wu Kong (《黑神话：悟空》) is a new video game that many people are excited about. It’s the first big, fantastic game made in China. As the first 3A game in China, it has been a great success. Even a famous person like Elon Musk said it was cool. To be good at the game, players need to know the story. It’s an old Chinese story called Journey to the West written by Wu Cheng’en a long time ago. As they learn about the story, they start to like the main character, Sun Wukong. He’s a hero who beats bad guys and is very strong. Whenever you are in need, Wu Kong will come to help you out. The success of the game also expresses the sound of China. One way is that the game’s words are in Chinese. This makes some people from other countries want to learn Chinese so they can play the game better. After the game comes, the foreign websites change the name—Monkey King into Sun Wukong. That means the acceptance of Chinese culture. The success of the game also brings chances to Shenzhen and Hangzhou, where it came out. Players all over the world are getting ready to visit these places and know more about the culture and history of China. 1．What is Black Myth: Wu Kong? A．An old Chinese tale B．A book written by Wu Cheng’en C．A new video game from China 2．How was the game after it came out? A．Popular. B．boring. C．Unwelcome. 3．Where may the game be made? A．Suzhou. B．Nanjing. C．Hangzhou. 4．To be good at the game, what does a player need to do? A．He needs to fight bad guys. B．He needs to read Journey to the West C．He needs to travel around the world 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国第一个3A游戏《黑神话：悟空》。 1．细节理解题。根据“Black Myth: Wu Kong is a new video game that many people are excited about. It’s the first big, fantastic game made in China.”可知，《黑神话：悟空》是一款来自中国的新电子游戏。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“it has been a great success”及“Even a famous person like Elon Musk said it was cool”可知，游戏发布后非常受欢迎。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“The success of the game also brings chances to Shenzhen and Hangzhou, where it came out.”可知，这款游戏可能是在杭州制作的。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“To be good at the game, players need to know the story. It’s an old Chinese story called Journey to the West written by Wu Cheng’en a long time ago.”可知，为了擅长这款游戏，玩家需要读《西游记》。故选B。 Passage 2 (24-25·八下·湖南省永州市宁远县·期末) PUA stands for “Pick-up Artist.” It started as a term for people who use clever ways to influence their interactions (交流) with others, especially between lovers. This idea has grow$ 专题03 阅读理解（说明文） 主题01 人与自我——健康生活；学习习惯；心理情绪；未来生活；个人成长；学业生活 Passage 1 (24-25·八下·湖南省长沙市雨花区周南石燕湖中学·期末) Great news! Primary and middle schools in Hunan have extended (延长) their break time between classes from 10 minutes to 15 minutes since February this year. This new rule helps students in many ways. First, the longer break gives students enough time to relax. They can walk around the classroom, drink water, and still have time to play. Second, it helps students prepare better for the next class. With enough rest, they can focus more on lessons. Third, the extra time allows for more exercise. Many students now enjoy playing basketball or skipping rope (跳绳) during breaks. This makes them feel less stressed. Take Zhao Xuan, a seventh-grade student in Changsha, as an example. “I really love the new break time!” he said with a smile when he was interviewed by the newspaper. “I used to have to rush to the restroom and back to class with little time for anything else. Now I have more time to rest and share something interesting with my classmates.” Teachers also like this change. They find students more energetic (精力充沛) in class after the longer breaks. The school doctor says fewer students complain of headaches now. It’s hoped that with more break time, students can enjoy their school life better and grow up healthily. 1．When did primary and middle schools in Hunan start to extend the break time? A．In September, 2024. B．In February, 2025. C．In February, 2024. 2．How long is the new break time? A．5 minutes. B．10 minutes. C．15 minutes. 3．What may the students feel about the new rule according to Paragraph 2? A．Helpful. B．Stressful. C．Painful. 4．From this passage, we can know that ________. A．Zhao Xuan has less time to relax between classes than before B．teachers find students more tired in class after the longer break time C．the longer break time can help students enjoy their school life better Passage 2 (24-25·八下·湖南省永州市新田县·期末) The Ministry of Education (教育部) wants students to practice their sports skills. It wants to make homework for physical education classes. It also wants to cut down homework for math and language. Physical education helps improve children’s health in a big way. There was a survey (调查) in 2021. It said that as high as 53.6% of primary and secondary school students were shortsighted, and 81% among high school students. More physical activities helped with eyesight problems in children. The survey also said 15.7% of Grade 1 students had eyesight problems. But in Grade 6, it was 59%. Those six years were important for helping with their eyesight. 40 minutes of outdoor activities every day helps a lot. It can help students to relax their eyes. It can also help their bodies to have vitamin D．For preschool children, they’d better have outdoor sports activities every day. For those aged between 7 and 12, they’d better exercise for at least an hour every day. After outdoor activities, children can have a sound sleep. This will help their bodies grow faster. 1．We may read this passage in a ________. A．newspaper B．storybook C．novel 2．What does the underlined word “shortsighted” in the second paragraph mean? A．远视的 B．近视的 C．散光的 3．According to the passage, a 10-year-old boy should exercise for at least __________ minutes every day. A．40 B．50 C．60 4．The passage mainly talks about students should ________. A．care for their eyesight B．do more physical activities C．learn more about language Passage 3 (24-25·八下·湖南师范大学附属中学·期末) China is working hard to help people control their weight and live healthier lives. The government has started a three-year “Weight Management (管理) Year” plan from 2024 to 2027 to fight against obesity (肥胖). Obesity can cause many serious health problems. Here’s what you should know about the new guidelines: First, it’s important to check your BMI (身体质量指数). For adults, a healthy BMI is between 18.5 and 24. If your BMI is between 24 and 28, you are overweight. A BMI of 28 or more means you are obese (肥胖的). Also doctors suggest measuring your waist (测量腰围). Men should keep their waist under 90 cm, and women und 85. Eating well is very important, and exercise is just as important as that! Eat whole grains like brown rice, fresh vegetables, and lean proteins (精益蛋白质) such as fish. Don’t eat fried foods and sugary snacks, and also eat less salt and oil. For exercise, try to do 150-300 minutes of activities like walking every week. Besides these, small daily habits can also make a big difference. Teens should sleep 7 hours every night because bad sleep can make you put on weight. Try to eat vegetables first, then meat, and finally rice or bread during a meal to control how much you eat. By 2030, China hopes to slow down the growth of obesity. Remember, losing weight isn’t about being perfect — just start with small changes, like drinking water instead of cola. With these easy steps, everyone can have a healthier future. 1．China started the “Weight Management Year” plan to _______. A．teach people how to cook healthy meals B．ask people to lose weight and improve their health C．encourage people to join in sports competitions 2．The third paragraph mainly talks about _______. A．the relationship between sleep and weight B．how to check your BMI and waist C．the importance of healthy eating and exercise 3．What does the underlined sentence “losing weight isn’t about being perfect” suggest? A．Small changes are enough to start with. B．Exercise is more important than eating well. C．Only strict living and eating habits can help lose weight. 4．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Simple Daily Habits for Weight Control B．The Importance of BMI in Weight Management C．China’s Plan and Guidelines for a Healthier Life Passage 4 (24-25·八下·湖南省附中集团·期末) Have you ever had trouble focusing (专注于) your homework? Or do you lose focus and waste time when you need to study? If so, the Pomodoro Technique might be just what you need. The Pomodoro Technique was created by a college student named Francesco Cirillo in the late 1980s. He had a hard time staying focused while studying. To solve this problem, he used a tomato-shaped kitchen timer to help him manage (管理) his time. He decided to study for 25 minutes and then take a 5-minute break. He found that this way helped him stay focused and study more efficiently (高效地). So, he named it the “Pomodoro Technique” because “pomodoro” means “tomato” in Italian. The Pomodoro Technique is a simple but effective (有效的) ways to help you manage your time and improve your study habits. It breaks tasks into small, manageable pieces. You study for 25 minutes, followed by a short 5-minute break. After finishing four 25-minute study sessions (时段), you take a longer break of 15 to 30 minutes. By using it, students can stay focused on their tasks, manage them more efficiently, and avoid feeling too stressed. To set a Pomodoro timer, the first thing you need to do is set a clear goal for your task. It’s important to stay focused during the 25 minutes and avoid losing focus. After finishing a session, take a short break to “disconnect” from your work. Never involve (加入) yourself in activities that need heavy mental effort (脑力) during breaks. At the end of the day, write down what you achieved and how it went. This helps you review your progress and plan for tomorrow. 1． How does the writer introduce the topic? A．By telling a story. B．By asking questions. C．By explaining the reasons. 2． What is the Pomodoro Technique for? A．Helping students manage time efficiently. B．Making study more enjoyable for students. C．Training students to set their own goals alone. 3． How does the Pomodoro Technique work? A．By controlling the break time strictly. B．By organizing group competitions in class. C．By following a time rule for study and break. 4． What is the purpose of the last paragraph? A．To offer tips on using the Pomodoro Technique. B．To explain the ways of developing good habits. C．To show the ways of balancing (平衡) work and breaks. Passage 5 (24-25·八下·湖南省郴州市·期末) When you’re bored, you may watch short videos on your phone. You think it can kill time and make you feel good. But a new study says this may make you feel even more bored. Scientists from the University of Toronto Scarborough in Canada did an experiment (实验). They asked 159 people to join it. First, everyone had to watch a 10-minute YouTube video. They couldn’t skip (跳过) any part and must watch it until the end. After that, things changed. People could pick from seven short videos. Each video was five minutes long, and they had 10 minutes to watch. They could fast-forward, skip, or switch (切换) videos as they liked. During the experiment, the scientists asked people how they felt. To their surprise, almost everyone liked the first part more. In the first part, they watched one long video without stopping. In the second part, they watched short videos and changed a lot. Why did this happen? Boredom (无聊) has to do with our attention (注意力). When we watch a video all the way through and focus on it, we get into the story. For example, if it’s a scary video, we want to know what happens next. But when we keep skipping and switching short videos, our attention moves around too much. We don’t have enough time to get interested in any video, so we feel more bored. So, next time you’re bored, don’t just click (点击) through a lot of short videos. Pick one video you like and watch it carefully from start to end. You might find it’s a better way to fight boredom. 1．In the first part of the experiment, what did people have to do? A．Watch a 10-minute YouTube video without skipping. B．Watch a 5-minute YouTube video and skip parts. C．Watch seven short videos one by one. 2．Why do people feel bored when watching short videos? A．The videos are too long to finish. B．Their attention moves too quickly. C．They must watch different videos. 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．People enjoyed the second part of the experiment more. B．Boredom has nothing to do with our attention. C．When we skip a lot of videos, we may feel more bored. 4．What is the author’s main advice? A．Watch more short videos and change all the time. B．Stop using phones when you are bored. C．Choose one video and watch it carefully. Passage 6 (24-25·八下·湖南省浏阳市·期末) Welcome to life in the future! You get up in the morning and look into the mirror. You’ve recently had a new anti-aging (抗衰老的) treatment, so you look like a 30-year-old person. And many people of your age could live to be 120 now, so at 60 you’re not old at all. Science has also found amazing ways to keep people healthy. Nanotechnology (纳米技术) can help cure many illnesses, including cancer. And if any part of your body is unhealthy, you can “grow” a new one in a laboratory (实验室). On the way to the kitchen, you want to call a friend. Your cell phone is by the window because it gets its energy (电量) from the sun. But you don’t need to pick up the phone. You can just touch your jacket sleeve (袖子) to make the call. It's breakfast time. You reach for the milk,but a voice says, “Don’t drink that!” Your fridge knows the milk is old, and tells the supermarket to replace it. Ten minutes later,it's sent by a drone (无人机). As you leave for work, the lights turn off by themselves.Your home goes into “sleep” way to save energy. Will all this come true? Perhaps the future is much closer than we think. 1．What does the writer say about aging in the future? A．Age 60 will be old. B．People can live to be 120. C．Anti-aging treatment will be dangerous. 2．Why are people healthier in the future? A．Robot doctors work in hospitals. B．New body parts can be grown in a laboratory. C．Nanotechnology can not help cure many illnesses. 3．What does the underline word “that” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．The milk. B．The fridge. C．The drone. 4．Which is the best title of the passage? A．Science in the Future B．Health in the Future C．Life in the Future Passage 7 (24-25·八下·湖南省张家界市永定区·期末) April 23 is known as World Book Day. The idea of setting a day to encourage reading came from UNESCO (联合国教科文组织) in 1995. In fact, it started long before that in Spain. In 1922, Spanish writer Vicente Clave Andres suggested the idea as a way to honor (尊敬) their famous writer Miguel de Cervantes. Four years later, the first celebration took place on October 7, Cervantes’ birthday. In 1930, it was moved to April 23, the date of his death. Every year since 2001, one city around the world is chosen to be the UNESCO World Book Capital for a year. The task of the city is to carry out activities to encourage “a culture of reading and spreading its values (价值) for all ages in and out of the country.” Though no Chinese cities have been chosen as the World Book Capital so far, a recent national survey shows the rise in reading as a habit in China. Besides, listening to audio books (有声读物) was another rising habit, with 35.5 percent of adults saying they were used to listening to them. Reading books gives people the chance to look into different worlds and meet new people, both real and imagined. Ancient Chinese believed in the saying: Read ten thousand books and travel ten thousand miles. Reading is a way to learn from the past, understand the world, and get life wisdom. So make every day World Book Day! 1．When did Spain first hold a celebration to honor Cervantes? A．In 1922 B．In 1926 C．In 1930 2．What should a World Book Capital city do? A．Carry out reading activities B．Carry out UNESCO’s values C．Organize readers to visit the city 3．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．Printed books B．E-books C．Audio books 4．What does the last paragraph mainly tell us? A．The meaning of a Chinese saying B．The importance of reading books C．The present situation of book reading Passage 8 (24-25·八下·湖南省常德市武陵区·期末) In Singapore, many middle school students spend a lot of time in studying. People think good schooling is a ticket to success in their future. So, many of these students try their best to get good grades in their exams. They have a lot of homework every day and exams are usually difficult. Sometimes, many of them have to go to remedial classes after school in order to pass the exams. There are many after-school activities: sports and games, music and dance, hiking and climbing the mountains, etc. They are also very happy to do community (社区) service. In their free time, most students like to listen to pop music. Hollywood blockbusters (好莱坞大片), Hong Kong and Singapore movies are very popular among them. Some of them also spend their free time surfing the Internet, e-mailing their friends and playing computer games. They sometimes go to cafes, fast-food restaurants, shopping centers and big bookstores. So, the life as a middle school student in Singapore is not easy but it is rich and colorful. 1．What must the students in Singapore do if they want to have a good future? A．Do much homework. B．Do after-class activities. C．Get good schooling. 2．What does the underlined word “remedial” mean in Chinese? A．补习的 B．专业的 C．业余的 3．Which of the following is NOT an activity the students do in their free time? A．Going shopping. B．Going fishing. C．Listening to music. 4．What’s the best title for this passage? A．The after-school activities in Singapore B．The students’ lives in Singapore C．The free time activities in Singapore 02 人与社会——慈善公益；传统艺术；节日文化；文化传承；历史纪念；旅游地理；建筑文化；神话传说；生肖文化；城市发展；消费心理；茶文化；传统游戏 Passage 1 (24-25·八下·湖南省岳阳市岳阳楼区·期末) Charity (慈善) shops are special stores that sell donated items (捐赠物) to raise money for good causes. In countries like the UK, USA and Canada, they are often called “thrift stores”. The word “thrifty” means being careful with money and not wasting things. These shops sell second-hand clothes, books, and toys at low prices. Some also sell products (产品) made by people in poor areas. All the money helps different charities that support medical research, animal welfare (福利), and people in need. China has charity shops too. The first one opened in Shanghai in 2003. Now there are more than 200 charity shops in Shanghai’s communities. The people working in these shops are volunteers. They don’t get paid—they work to help others. Their job is to organize all the donated items. Charity shops do two important things. First, they raise money to help those in need. Second, they help the environment by reusing things instead of throwing them away. When you give or buy at a charity shop, you become part of this cycle of kindness that helps both people and our planet. 1．What do charity shops do with the money they make from selling donated items? A．Keep it for the shop owners. B．Give it to different charities. C．Use it to buy new gifts. 2．What does the word ‘thrifty’ mean in the first paragraph? A．精打细算 B．挥霍金钱 C．买新产品 3．Which of these items are NOT usually sold in charity shops according to the text? A．Second-hand clothes. B．New phones. C．Handmade products from poor areas. 4．Why do volunteers work in charity shops? A．To make money. B．To help people in need. C．To make new friends. Passage 2 (24-25·八下·湖南省郴州市汝城县·期末) Shadow play (皮影戏) is a very interesting traditional art in China. It has a long history and is popular in many places. In shadow play, people use leather or paper to make flat puppet figures (木偶). These figures are very colorful and beautiful. Then, people put these figures in front of a white screen. A strong light behind the figures makes their shadows on the screen. The people who control the figures move them quickly. So, the shadows on the screen seem to be moving and doing different things. The stories of shadow plays are often about history, legends or fairy tales. The people controlling the figures also tell the story and make different voices for the characters. Music is also an important part of shadow play. Different kinds of music are used to make the play more interesting. Shadow play is not only a fun thing to watch but also a part of Chinese culture. It shows the wisdom of Chinese people in the past. Now, many young people are also interested in shadow play. They learn how to make the figures and how to play shadow plays. In this way, this traditional art can live on. 1．What are the puppet figures in shadow play made of? A．Wood and plastic. B．Leather or paper. C．Cloth and metal. 2．How do the shadows move on the screen in shadow play? A．The light makes them move. B．The screen moves. C．The people controlling the figures move them. 3．What does the underlined word “legends” mean in Chinese? A．传说 B．新闻 C．科幻 4．Why is shadow play important? A．It is very easy to learn. B．It makes a lot of money. C．It shows the wisdom of Chinese people and is part of Chinese culture. Passage 3 (24-25·八下·湖南省怀化市·期末) The oil-paper umbrella is a beautiful and traditional Chinese art. It started in the Han Dynasty and was first made to protect people from the sun and rain. Later, during the Tang and Song dynasties, it became a kind of art. These umbrellas are made of bamboo and paper. The paper is brushed with fung oil to make it waterproof (防水的). Making one umbrella takes a lot of time and care, which needs over 70 steps! Artists choose strong bamboo, shape it carefully, and put up hand-made paper on top. They often paint flowers or birds to decorate the umbrella, turning it into a small piece of art. In Chinese culture, the umbrella shows the idea of Yin and Yang. In old times, red oil-paper umbrellas were used in weddings (婚礼) to bring good luck. Today, people are bringing this old art back by adding modern designs (设计) and materials, making it popular again in China and around the world. Wen Shishan, a 59-year-old man in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, has been making oil-paper umbrellas for over 30 years. His oil-paper umbrellas are not only popular among young people, but also have been sold to other countries such as Japan, South Korea and the US. 1．When was the oil-paper umbrella first made? A．In Han Dynasty. B．In Tang Dynasty. C．In Song Dynasty. 2．What does the underlined word “decorate” mean in Chinese? A．组成 B．展现 C．装饰 3．How long has Wen Shishan been making oil-paper umbrellas? A．For over 20 years. B．For less than 30 years. C．For more than 30 years. 4．Why does the writer write about Wen Shishan in the passage? A．To show that only old people can make oil-paper umbrellas. B．To show that oil-paper umbrellas are becoming popular again. C．To show that Hangzhou is the only place to make such umbrellas. Passage 4 (24-25·八下·湖南省永州市道县·期末) New Symbol Honors 80th Anniversary of Victory On May 13, 2025, China’s State Council Information Office (国务院新闻办公室) released a special symbol to mark the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People’s War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War (抗日战争暨世界反法西斯战争胜利). The symbol combines five meaningful parts: the Great Wall, olive branches, rays of light, the number “80” and the timeline “1945-2025”. The Great Wall stands for unity and bravery, reminding us how the Chinese people fought together with strong patriotic spirit. Olive branches around the symbol show China’s love for peace, earned through years of hard struggle during the war. The bright rays form a “Gate of Victory,” symbolizing how justice triumphed (战胜) over evil and inspired hope for the future. The number “80” highlights the importance of remembering history, while the timeline connects the victory in 1945 with China’s path of peaceful development to 2025. This symbol will be used in schools, public ceremonies, and global meetings to teach history and promote peace worldwide. Through this symbol, young people can learn about the bravery of wartime heroes and the importance of safeguarding peace. As China continues to grow under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, the symbol serves as a bridge between generations, inspiring pride and hope for a good future. 1．What does the Great Wall represent in the symbol? A．China’s ancient cultural heritage. B．The length of the war period. C．Unity and bravery of the Chinese people. 2．Where will the symbol be used according to the text? A．In school activities and public ceremonies. B．Only in Chinese historical museums. C．In private family gatherings. 3．What does the underlined word “safeguarding” most likely mean in the passage? A．保卫. B．失败. C．忘记. 4．What is the main purpose of creating this symbol? A．To celebrate China’s modern development. B．To decorate schools and international meetings. C．To remember historical victory and spread the value of peace. Passage 5 (24-25·八下·湖南省衡阳市祁东县·期末) Altay (阿勒泰), a place in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (新疆维吾尔自治区), has become a famous place for tourists because of a successful TV show. The show displayed (展示) the area’s breathtaking natural beauty, with mountains covered in snow, lakes that are very clear, and old villages that are still in good condition. Altay is also a favorite place for skiers during the cold season. Although Altay has always been famous for its beautiful nature, it was not a popular place to visit before because it took a long time to travel there and the cost of staying in hotels was high. But now, this popular TV show has made more people, especially young people, interested in visiting Altay. Even though it can be difficult to travel to Altay, experts think that the area could become a great place for tourists. Altay has different interesting things to see in summer and winter, so it can attract (吸引) visitors all year. Altay is advised to keep making their areas better for tourists to stay and visit. It is not the first time that a TV show has made a place more popular for tourists. In the last few years, Dali in Yunnan Province, has also become a popular tourist destination because of an interesting TV show. By making tour products including both natural beauty and cultural activities, Altay can make visiting ever better and bring more people there to see their special areas. 1．What did the show display in Altay? A．Land that is truly rich. B．Mountains covered in snow. C．New villages that are still in good condition. 2．According to the passage, what could Altay do to attract more tourists? A．Build more villages. B．Lower (降低) the cost of hotels. C．Make more and more TV shows. 3．The underlined word “destination” in the last paragraph means ________. A．路线 B．产品 C．目的地 4．What’s the theme of the passage? A．Health. B．Culture. C．History. Passage 6 (24-25·八下·湖南省常德市澧县·期末) What does Beijing’s Palace Museum look like at night? Many people don’t know the answer to this question, as it closes at around 4:30 p. m. in winter and 5:00 p. m. in summer. However, to celebrate the Lantern Festival, Beijing’s Palace Museum opened its door to the public after dark—for two nights only. That’s a first in 94 years Although people could get free tickets on the museum’s website, it was difficult to get a ticket. The website even stopped working for a while because too many people visited it at the same time. Zhang Zhifu, a 77-year-old woman, received a ticket from the museum as a gift. “I grew up in Beijing and I visit the Palace Museum every year, but I never got to see it at night. It is truly an honor.” she said. In the past celebrating, the Lantern Festival was a tradition for the imperial (皇帝的) family. “We want to pass the tradition on and give people more festival experiences,” said Shan Jixiang, the head of the Palace Museum. On the night of February 19th, 2019, about 3,000 visitors spent the Lantern Festival in the Palace Museum. 1．How long was Beijing’s Palace Museum open after dark for the first time? A．For one night. B．For two nights. C．For three nights. 2．Why did the museum’s website even stop working for a while? A．Because there weren’t enough tickets. B．Because the Palace Museum was too crowded. C．Because too many people visited it at the same time. 3．What can you learn from the passage? A．Zhang Zhifu grew up in Beijing. B．Nobody received a ticket as a gift. C．No visitors went to the Palace Museum in 2019. 4．What festival is it on February 19th, 2019? A．The Lantern Festival. B．The Dragon Boat Festival. C．The Mid-Autumn Festival. Passage 7 (24-25·八下·湖南省湘潭市湘乡市·期末) Have you ever heard of Jiuzhaigou National Park? There are blue lakes, forests, mountains and other beautiful sights. It takes its name from nine villages along its length. It is said that long long ago, the god of the mountain named Dago fell in love with the goddess (女神) Semo. He gave a mirror made from wind and cloud to the goddess. Semo was glad to get it and liked it very much. One day, Semo broke the mirror into 108 pieces by accident (意外地). The pieces dropped to the earth and then turned into 108 colourful lakes. Local people call the lakes “haizi” in Chinese. There are lots of plants and animals in the area. The plants have provided food for wild animals. There are many kinds of animals and they make the park more lovely. You may know the three main valleys (山谷) of Jiuzhaigou, but in fact, the sights are far more than you expect. The Panda Lake is famous for the longest waterfall and the Arrow Bamboo Lake has a large area of bamboo, the favourite food of pandas. The best time to visit Jiuzhaigou is in autumn, like September or October. If you visit Jiuzhaigou during the right time, you may even experience the four seasons in just one day. 1．How did Jiuzhaigou National Park get its name? A．From a famous legend about a god and a goddess. B．From the nine villages located along the park. C．From the 108 colorful lakes in the area. 2．What is the legend behind the 108 lakes in Jiuzhaigou? A．A god created them as gifts for humans. B．They were formed from pieces of a broken mirror. C．They appeared after a heavy rain hundreds of years ago. 3．Why is the Arrow Bamboo Lake special? A．It has the longest waterfall. B．It provides bamboo for pandas. C．It changes colours in different seasons. 4．When is the best time to visit Jiuzhaigou? A．Spring. B．Summer. C．Autumn. Passage 8 (24-25·八下·湖南长沙市浏阳市·期末) Show Information The princess and the frogDates: 30th July—8th August   Mon.—Fri. 10 am, 7 pm   Sat.—Sun. 10 am, 2 pm, 7 pm Venue (地点): Esplanade Theatre Duration (时长): 1.5 hours Ticket prices: $25 per child or adult (day shows) $35 per child or adult (evening shows) $85 for 4 tickets (10 am, 2 pm shows) $120 for 4 tickets (7 pm shows) Latecomer Policy (政策): Please arrive early. Latecomers can’t enter until a break in the shows. Children: As politeness to other audience members, children below three years old will not be allowed in. Tel: 617-219-4300 1． If a family of four go to the theatre for 7 pm shows, how much should they pay? A．85 dollars. B．120 dollars. C．150 dollars. 2． What information CAN NOT be found in this advertisement (广告)? A．The name of the show. B．The telephone number. C．The names of the actors. Passage 9 (24-25·八下·湖南省娄底市新化县·期末) According to the traditional Chinese custom, 2024 is the year of Loong (Dragon). Dragons are considered as lucky animals in China. They control water and rain. But do you know more about the dragons? There are some differences between Chinese dragons and Western dragons. First of all, the color of Chinese dragons is gold or red. Western dragons are usually black or gray. Second, Chinese dragons can fly without wings, while Western dragons need wings to fly. Third, Chinese dragons control water and rain to help people with farming, while Western dragons can breathe fire and hurt villagers. Dragons also play an important role in Chinese festivals. On the Lantern Festival, people hang bright dragon lanterns to celebrate the coming spring. Dragon dance has a long history and has already been a popular activity since the Song Dynasty. Dragon boat races are held on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month—Dragon Boat Festival. The Dragon Boat Festival has now become a popular international festival.    In the Chinese zodiac (生肖), dragon is one of people’s favorite animals. When Chinese people name newborn babies, “龙” is a Chinese character that is often chosen, especially for boys, as they are expected to be full of energy. “lóng mǎ” is a horse with the head and claws (爪) of a dragon in ancient Chinese stories. “lóng mǎ jīng shén” (the spirit of a dragon horse) is considered as a kind of spirit of the Chinese nation, which is full of energy and is always on the move. In a word, dragons are a valuable part of Chinese culture. We have a duty to spread the culture of Chinese dragons to let more people know China better in the future. 1．According to Paragraph 2, what are the differences between Chinese dragons and Western dragons? ①Colors of the body.  ②Ways of flying.  ③How to treat people.  ④Numbers of claws. A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ 2．Why is “龙” a popular name choice for newborn babies in Chinese culture? A．Because it may bring good luck and richness to the family. B．Because it is a tradition passed down from ancient times. C．Because it reflects that babies are expected to be full of energy. 3．Which of the following can best explain “lóng mǎ jīng shén” according to the passage? A．“lóng mǎ jīng shén” is often used to describe boys. B．“lóng mǎ jīng shén” is always positive and powerful. C．“lóng mǎ jīng shén” comes from ancient Chinese festivals. 4．The writer would most probably talk about ________ after the last paragraph. A．how we can spread the culture of Chinese dragons B．what the most important culture of Chinese dragons is C．why Chinese dragons develop differently from Western dragons Passage 10 (24-25·八下·湖南省长沙县·期末) Shanghai will be home to more theme parks in the near future. Are you planning to visit the Legoland Shanghai Resort during your summer vacation? The park, due to open on July 5, will have eight themed lands made from over 85 million Lego bricks. One special highlight will be the world’s first Lego Monkie Kid area, based on the Chinese classic Journey to the West. Xinhua reported that The Making of Harry Potter studio tour and the Peppa Pig Theme Park are also coming to Shanghai, and both plan to open in 2027. But why is it always Shanghai? John Jakobsen, chief operating officer of Legoland Resorts, told Xinhua that it’s because of China’s strong consumer (消费者) market. The Yangtze River Delta, which includes Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui, has about 55 million possible consumers. Another reason is that it’s easy to get around in Shanghai. The city’s subway now has 22 lines. Together with planes and high-speed trains, people from all over the country can easily reach the park. This is important for theme parks because it allows more visitors to come and enjoy, said The Paper. Meanwhile, there are many shops, hotels and restaurants in Shanghai. They can meet the different needs of visitors, reported the Economic Daily. The government is also playing a big role in bringing parks to Shanghai. According to the 2025 Government Work Report, China will speed up important investment (投资) projects and work harder to develop cultural businesses and the tourism industry (旅游产业). 1．What are the themed lands of the Legoland Shanghai Resort made from? A．Lego bricks. B．Wooden bricks. C．Clay. 2．Which area is not included in The Yangtze River Delta? A．Anhui. B．Fujian. C．Jiangsu. 3．Why would people choose Shanghai’s theme parks to play? A．For the delicious food. B．For many places of interests. C．For the convenient transportation. 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．China’s consumer market. B．Opening of Legoland Shanghai. C．Reasons for Shanghai’s theme park growth. Passage 11 (24-25·八下·湖南省长沙市雨花区同升湖学校·期末) Labubu, a cute doll from the Chinese toy company Pop Mart, has become a big hit around the world! In the past few months, people have gone crazy for it. Many line up outside stores or stay up late online just to buy a Labubu doll. It’s now a cool thing that everyone wants to have. Pop Mart has big plans for Labubu. The company started a new film-making team. They’re going to make an animated show (动画节目) called “Labubu and Friends” first. The story for the first season was finished on January 15, and they got the legal right (合法权利) to use it on March 18. After the show, there will be a full-length (长篇的) movie about Labubu. This makes Labubu the first Pop Mart doll to get its own TV show and movie. Labubu is a pretend forest elf (精灵) from the north. It’s in a group called “The Monsters”. A talented artist from Hong Kong named Kasing Lung made this group. There are other fun dolls in the Labubu family, too. Zimomo is like the boss, and there’s also Mokoko, Tycoco, Yaya, Spooky, and Pato. Each doll looks different and has its own fun story. Pop Mart isn’t just making dolls. In 2023, they opened the Pop Mart City Park in Beijing. It’s a favorite place for Labubu fans. People can take pictures with huge Labubu models and buy special toys there. The company also made sure no one else can use the Labubu name for things like games, toys, and fun events. This way, Labubu can be in more cool things in the future. With all these new ideas, Labubu will surely bring happiness to people everywhere for a long time. 1．Why do people love Labubu so much recently? A．It’s very cheap to buy. B．It’s a popular thing that many want. C．It can talk and play with people. 2．What will Pop Mart do after the “Labubu and Friends” show? A．Make a long movie about Labubu. B．Stop making new Labubu dolls. C．Open a new school for fans. 3．Who made the group “The Monsters” that Labubu is in? A．An artist from Beijing. B．An artist from Hong Kong. C．An artist from London. 4．What is the best title for this story? A．How to Make a Popular Doll B．Pop Mart’s New Park in Beijing C．Labubu: From a Doll to a Big Star Passage 12 (24-25·八下·湖南省岳阳市华容县·期末) Tea and coffee are two of the most popular drinks in the world. However, people usually like one more than the other. These drinks also have very different uses. Tea drinking started in China over 4,000 years ago. Tea is made from leaves. These days, some people drink tea for health, using it to help with stress (压力) or losing weight. However, most people in tea-drinking countries think of tea as more than just a healthy drink. In fact, tea drinking in some countries is a part of the culture. In Turkey (土耳其), tea is always there when people meet. Whether in someone’s home or a company, tea is always offered as a way of welcoming. In the UK, homes and offices usually have tea time. Tea and other dishes are served at tea time in the afternoon. It is a way of relaxing with friends or co-workers (同事). Coffee came much later than tea, just over 1,000 years ago. Coffee is made from beans. Something in the coffee beans makes a person feel active. Most people do not drink coffee to relax. Instead, they drink coffee to get going. Many people drink coffee in the morning to help them wake up. Others will also drink coffee during short breaks in the afternoon to keep going through the working day. Some people may visit coffee shops just to meet and talk with friends. However, many people in coffee shops drink coffee while working on their computers. Is tea or coffee more common in your country? Between the two, which do you like to drink more? 1．Where did tea drinking start? A．In Japan. B．In China. C．In Turkey. 2．What can we learn from Paragraph 2? A．People in the UK drink tea to get fat. B．People in the UK offer tea to say goodbye. C．People in the UK have tea to relax themselves. 3．What is coffee made from? A．Leaves. B．Sugar. C．Beans. 4．Which of the following is NOT true according to Paragraph 3? A．Coffee came much earlier than tea. B．Many people drink coffee to wake up. C．Many people work on their computers in coffee shops. Passage 13 (24-25·八下·湖南省岳阳县·期末) Children’s Games in Ancient China During ancient times, children didn’t have much to enjoy themselves. However, they came up with interesting games to play in their childhood. Kicking (踢) stone balls During the Qing Dynasty, kicking a stone ball around was a popular game in the northern part of China, and it was often played in winter to keep warm. Playing hide-and-seek Hide-and-seek is a traditional game for children, popular around the nation. There are two ways to play: covering a child’s eyes while other kids run around to tease (戏弄) him or, more commonly, others hide and one child must try to find them. Flying kites Kites have quite a long history. The earliest kites were made of wood, instead of paper. The three most famous kites are the Beijing kite, Tianjin kite and Weifang kite. Each has its own feature. For example, the bird-shaped kite with long wings is a special kind of the Beijing kite. Watching shadow plays (皮影戏) The closest thing to watching a film during ancient times was going to see a shadow play. The artists control puppets (木偶) behind the screen and tell stories to the music. 1．How is hide-and-seek usually played? A．One child plays and others watch. B．Others laugh and one child must cry. C．Others hide and one child tries to find. 2．What is the Chinese meaning of the underlined word “feature” in the text? A．地貌 B．特征 C．五官 3．What is the earliest kite made of? A．Wood. B．Silk. C．Paper. 4．Which ancient game is like watching a film? A．Kicking stone balls. B．Flying kites. C．Watching shadow plays. 主题03 人与自然——动物保护；动物习性；海洋生物；极地地理；天气与健康 Passage 1 (24-25·八下·湖南省长沙市立信中学·期末) Bats are some of the most interesting animals on Earth. Many people think of bats as scary living things that only come out at night, but in fact, they play important roles in our ecosystem (生态系统). Bats are the only mammals (哺乳动物) that can truly fly. Their wings are made up of a thin skin which is stretched (伸展) between their long fingers. This unusual shape allows them to fly in a very special way. Unlike birds, bats can fly quickly and change ways easily. They can even fly backwards! There are more than 1,400 different kinds of bats in the world. Some are very small, about the size of a bee, while others can have a wing of up to 1.5 meters. Bats live in almost every part of the world, except in very cold places. Most bats are nocturnal, which means they are active at night. During the day, they sleep in dark places such as caves, old buildings. When night comes, they wake up and go out to look for food. Different types of bats eat different things. Some bats love fruits. They help plants by spreading pollen (花粉) and seeds, just like bees do. Other bats eat insects (虫子). A single bat can eat hundreds of insects in one night. This helps control the insect population and is good for our environment. However, bats are facing many problems today. The loss of their natural homes makes it hard for them to find places to live and food to eat. Also, some people are afraid of bats and try to kill them. But we should remember that bats are our friends. Protecting bats means protecting our ecosystem. 1．Why can bats fly in a very special way? A．Because their wings have unusual shapes. B．Because they are the only mammals that can truly fly. C．Because they can fly quickly and change ways easily. 2．What does the underlined word “nocturnal” mean in paragraph 4? A．冬眠的 B．夜行的 C．群居的 3．What can we infer (推断) from the passage? A．Some people kill bats mainly because they are bad for our ecosystem. B．Bats can live in almost every part of the world, especially in very cold places. C．Some fruit-loving bats and bees play similar roles in spreading pollen and seeds. 4．What’s the structure of the passage? A．①②/③④/⑤ B．①/②③④/⑤ C．①②③/④/⑤ Passage 2 (24-25·八下·湖南省长沙市长郡双语雨花中学·期末) The Amur tiger is one of the world’s most endangered animals. Only about 500 live in the forests of Northeast China and Russia. These big, beautiful animals with orange and black stripes (条纹) are a symbol of wild forest protection. At 7:00 a.m., keepers at Heilongjiang Tiger Park prepare meat for the tigers. When the tigers see the keepers, they run to them with excitement. “I take care of them like my children,” says keeper Zhang Wei. “They’re special to me.” Sadly, these tigers face many problems. Humans cut down trees and build roads, which destroys (摧毁) the forests. So tigers cannot find enough food. Also, they have few babies—only one every two to three years. China has started an education program. Scientists do research to learn tiger habits, like where they hunt, how they mark their territory (领土), or when they raise their young. Schools teach children why we must protect these animals. With hard work, we hope their numbers will grow. 1．What time do keepers prepare food for the tigers? A．At 7:00 a.m. B．At 8:30 a.m. C．At 9:00 a.m. 2．Why are Amur tigers endangered? A．They have too many babies. B．Humans destroy their forests. C．Keepers don’t feed them. 3．What does the underlined word “habits” mean in the last paragraph? A．Food they eat. B．Where they hunt. C．Things they usually do. 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Amur tigers look beautiful but dangerous. B．We should build more zoos for tigers. C．Protecting Amur tigers needs human efforts. Passage 3 (24-25·八下·湖南省长沙市雅礼雨花中学·期末) Cheetahs (猎豹) and other wild cats are in danger of dying out because they have few places to live in and people hunt them. Can we help big cats (大型猫科动物) in danger? Wildlife scientists hope so. They are trying to protect the cats by teaching people about the situation and making laws to keep the animals safer. Cheetahs are the world’s fastest land animals. Most cheetahs live in Africa. In the past 100 years, the number of cheetahs living in the wild has dropped from 100,000 to fewer than 12,000. Good news is here for cheetahs at the Saint Louis Zoo. Three cheetah babies that were born in November are growing up at the Saint Louis Zoo in Missouri. “The babies are doing great,” the zoo’s worker Steve Bircher said. “They are very active and playing with each other or Mom.” By raising cheetah babies, the zoo is working to save cheetahs from dying out. The zoo is also helping protect cheetahs in the wild. “We want children to know that cheetahs are in danger,” said Bircher. “It is important to protect their living places.” 1．Why are cheetahs and other wild cats in danger of dying out? A．Because people hunt them. B．Because they are easy to get ill. C．Because they have nothing to eat. 2．Which is TRUE about cheetahs? A．They are the world’s fastest animals. B．Most of the cheetahs live in Africa. C．They are in danger because of the weather. 3．How does the Saint Louis Zoo in Missouri help cheetahs? A．By raising cheetah babies. B．By making laws to keep them safe. C．By sending cheetah babies into the wild. 4．What can we learn from what Bircher said? A．Kids can help cheetahs by playing with them. B．Cheetahs need safe homes to live in. C．Zoos should keep all cheetahs inside. Passage 4 (24-25·八下·湖南省永州市·期末) Lately, the capybara (水豚), a cute animal, has become popular online. People love it for its friendly nature and relaxed lifestyle. Many people use its picture as their profile photo (头像) to show their love for it. Capybaras live in South America. They look like a very large mouse. A mouse-like animal may not be welcomed by many, but capybaras always have lots of different animals around them. What makes capybaras so friendly? As the largest rodent animal (啮齿动物) in the world, capybaras have only a few enemies (敌人). Living by water, it is easy for them to hide in the water to stay away from danger. They live such a comfortable life that nothing seems to make them worry. Capybaras eat plants for a living. They won’t hurt other animals. Capybaras usually eat water plants in the morning and evening, spending the rest of the day bathing in water and resting on the shore (岸边). Sometimes, capybaras become “animal buses” while moving. They take small animals like birds, ducks, and even monkeys for a free ride. Capybaras are also getting popular as friends of humans. More and more people around the world want to raise a capybara as a pet. After all, no one can say no to such a cute and kind friend. 1．Why do many people use capybara’s picture as their profile photo? A．To become popular. B．To show their love for it. C．To love it for its nature and lifestyle. 2．What can we learn about capybaras from Paragraph 3? A．They are the largest rodent animal. B．They have many enemies. C．They live a dangerous life. 3．What things do capybaras usually do? A．They hurt other animals. B．They eat water plants once a day. C．They take small animals for a ride. 4．Which part of a magazine may the passage be taken from? A．Health. B．Nature. C．Art. Passage 5 (24-25·八下·湖南省永州市祁阳市·期末) For the first time ever, scientists have recorded the heart rate (心率) of the world’s largest creature: the blue whale. To get this reading, they attached an electrocardiogram (心电图) device to the body of a whale. They found that the whale’s heart rate can slow to just two beats a minute as it searches for food below the surface of the ocean. The highest heart rate they recorded was 37 beats a minute after the whale returned to the surface for air. The blue whale is the largest animal that has ever lived. It can grow to 30 meters long and weigh as much as 181,000 kilograms. The whale’s heart alone weighs more than a fully grown cow. Stanford University ocean biologist Jeremy Goldbogen led the blue whale heart rate study. He said such research helps scientists understand how huge animals are. Generally, larger animals have slower heart rates. A normal human heart of a person at rest beats 60 to 100 times each minute. It increases to about 200 beats a minute during exercise. The smallest animals, shrews (地鼠), have heart rates of more than a thousand beats per minute. Blue whales have fascinated biologists and people in general for years. They are not only the largest and biggest-brained animals. They are also the loudest. They can communicate with other whales hundreds of miles away. 1．What is the blue whale’s heart rate when it searches for food under the water? A．2 beats a minute. B．37 beats a minute. C．60 beats a minute. 2．What can we learn about blue whales from paragraph 3? A．They can’t grow to 30 meters long. B．They weigh as much as 18,100 kilograms. C．The whale’s heart alone weighs more than a fully grown cow. 3．Which animal has the fastest heart rate according to the passage? A．A blue whale. B．A cow. C．A shrew. 4．Which part of a magazine may the passage be taken from? A．Art. B．Nature. C．Business. Passage 6 (24-25·八下·湖南省张家界市慈利县·期末) Winter is hard for most animals. So some birds and animals fly to the south. The groundhog (土拨鼠), however, deals with winter differently. As soon as it feels the weather turning cold, it starts to dig a hole at least five feet underground. There it makes a comfortable home with leaves and grass. It spends the cold winter months in its underground bed and it won’t wake up until spring. The groundhog doesn’t eat at all during the winter. Instead, it eats as much and as often as it can during the summer. As winter comes, the groundhog becomes so fat that it can hardly move. When it starts to feel sleepy, it goes back to the home and falls into a deep sleep. Its breathing almost stops, its heart slows to about four beats a minute and its body temperature falls to just above 0℃ during the sleep. When it wakes up in spring, its weight (重量) is only half of what it was in the fall. By February or March, it’s ready to leave its hole. So years ago, when science and technology were less developed, people often waited for the first groundhog to stick its head out above ground as it showed that spring was coming. This gave rise to a number of stories. One of them is about a groundhog called Phil. This animal could forecast (预测) the weather. Phil stuck his head out above ground and looked around every February 2nd. If he saw his shadow (影子), it meant that there would be an extended (延长的) winter of six weeks. If the weather was cloudy and he didn’t see his shadow, it meant spring would be early. 1．What can we know about the groundhog’s home? A．There are leaves and grass in it. B．Its bed is five feet long. C．The groundhog digs it in summer. 2．What change will happen to the groundhog when sleeping in winter? A．It becomes much thinner. B．Its body temperature goes up. C．Its heart beats faster and faster. 3．Why did people expect to see the groundhog getting out of its home in the past? A．It told us that summer was coming. B．It can bring good luck to see a groundhog. C．It was a sign that the winter was over. 4．Which of the following would be the best title for the text? A．The Groundhog’s Diet B．The Groundhog’s Winter Sleep C．The Groundhog’s hole underground Passage 7 (24-25·八下·湖南省邵阳市新邵县·期末) Antarctica (南极洲) is Earth’s southernmost and coldest continent. It is home to lovely penguins. Penguins are birds in black and white. They look funny when they are walking. But unlike most birds, penguins are not able to fly in the air. Penguins spend as much as 75% of their time underwater looking for food. A Russian man first found Antarctica in 1820. Later humans went there to explore. They wanted to know more about the beautiful land. They found there is ice and snow all through the year. The air is very clear and clean. It is very interesting that in summer the sun still shines even at night. However, Antarctica is a very cold place and the coldest temperature was once -89.2℃. If you put a basin of water in the open air, it will become ice in a few seconds. So there are few people living there. Although the weather is bad, many scientists show great interest in Antarctica. Every summer they go to Antarctica. They usually look for resources under the ice and study climate changes carefully there. 1．Which of the following is TRUE according to Paragraph 1? A．Antarctica is the biggest of all the continents. B．Antarctica is cold but penguins like to live there. C．Penguins like to find food on land. 2．Why do humans go there to explore? A．To travel there. B．To know more about the beautiful land. C．To see the penguins there. 3．According to Paragraph 3, why are there few people living in Antarctica? A．Because of the penguins. B．Because of the water. C．Because of the cold weather. 4．Which of the following can be the best title of this passage? A．Looking for resources in Antarctica. B．How penguins live in Antarctica. C．The coldest place in the world. Passage 8 (24-25·八下·湖南省娄底市涟源市·期末) Do you know how weather affects our lives? Well, it affects where we go, what we do and what we wear. And it also affects how we feel and behave (表现). It is a big part of our lives. We often use weather language to describe how we feel. For example, if we are feeling ill, we say we are “under the weather”. If we are feeling stressed and busy, we can say that we are “snowed under”. We use “bad” weather (rainy, stormy, etc.) to describe a bad mood (心情), and “good” weather (sunny, warm, etc.) to describe a good mood. And that is not all. The weather can even change the way we feel. For example, sunlight helps our body to produce vitamin (维他命) D．This vitamin can improve our mood. But some parts of the world get little sunlight in winter, so people can feel unusually sad then. However, when it is hot and sunny, some people may get angry easily, too. Scientists are still studying how the weather changes the way people feel and behave. These days, many of us spend less time outside than in the past. Getting no fresh air or sunlight and spending too much time inside can make us feel down. It is very important to go outside once in a while, whatever the weather, rain or shine. 1．We say we are “under the weather” when we feel ________. A．ill B．busy C．stressed 2．Which of the following is right according to Paragraph 3? A．People may get sad easily in hot weather. B．The weather can’t change the way we feel. C．Sunlight helps our body produce vitamin D． 3．Which is the right structure of the text? (①=Paragraph 1, ②=Paragraph 2, ...) A． B． C． 4．The text is probably taken from a(n) ________ magazine. A．art B．sport C．health 主题01 人与自我——健康管理；急救知识；安全教育；个人成长；学习方法；职业规划； 生活哲理；学习工具；运动安全 Passage 1 (24-25·八下·湖南省衡阳市石鼓区多校联合考试·期末) China is trying to help people manage (管理) weight and stay healthy. Since 2024, the government has carried out a three-year “Weight Management Year” (体重管理年) plan against obesity. Obesity can cause serious health problems like diabetes (糖尿病) and heart disease. Here’s what you should know. Check your BMI first. For adults, a healthy BMI is 18.5-24. A BMI of 24-28 means you’re overweight, and 28 or more means you’re obese. Also, measure your waist (腰围). Men should keep it under 90 cm, and women under 85 cm. Eat well and exercise regularly. Choose healthy food like brown rice, fresh vegetables, and lean proteins. Avoid fried and sugary food, and less salt and oil. Do 150-300 minutes of walking, cycling or dancing every week, and strength exercises twice a week. If you sit for long, stretch for 3-5 minutes every hour. Small daily habits matter. Teens should sleep for at least 7 hours a night. Eating vegetables first, then meat and rice helps control eating. Schools and communities help too. Shanghai schools ensure students exercise at least two hours daily. Hospitals’ “weight clinics” offer diet and exercise advice, and traditional Chinese methods. By 2030, China aims to slow obesity growth. Losing weight doesn’t need to be perfect. Start with small changes like drinking water instead of soda. These simple steps can lead to a healthier future. 1． What is the main goal of China’s “Weight Management Year” plan? A．To make traditional Chinese food popular. B．To encourage people to join sports competitions. C．To reduce (减少) obesity and improve public health. 2． What does the underlined word “Obesity” in Paragraph 1 mean in Chinese? A．过度肥胖 B．过度瘦 C．减肥 3． How long should people do activities like walking every week? A．3-5 minutes. B．7 hours. C．150-300 minutes. 4． Which of the following statements is TRUE? A．Only big lifestyle changes can help with weight management. B．Shanghai schools ask students to exercise for at least two hours every day. C．The “Weight Management Year” plan lasts from 2024 to 2030. Passage 2 (24-25·八下·湖南省永州市蓝山县·期末) First aid (急救) is the first and immediate assistance given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets hurt before doctors arrive. It’s believed that the 10 minutes after an accident can make a difference between life and death. So let’s learn some common sense about first aid. Burns If it’s not very serious, cool the burned area quickly with cool but not cold running water. Don’t put ice on burns. If burns are on the face, ask the person to sit up. If burns are on arms or legs, keep them higher than the heart. Animal bites(咬伤) You’d better wash the bite area immediately with soap water for at least 15 minutes. Then dry the wound with a clean towel. If the wound is swollen (肿起的), put ice covered in a towel on it for 15 to 20 minutes and then go to the hospital as soon as possible. Heart attack If you come across someone probably stopping breathing, call 120 immediately. Let the patient lie down and loosen (解开) his/her tight clothing while talking with him/her. If the patient doesn’t respond, perform CPR. Give chest compressions(胸部按压) at a speed of 100-120 compressions per minute. After 30 compressions, begin rescue breathing (人工呼吸). In this world, there are accidents happening every second. Everyone should master some knowledge about first aid, so that we can help ourselves as well as others in time. 1．What should we do if somebody’s face is burned? A．Let the patient sit up. B．Put some ice on the burns. C．Cool the burns with cold running water. 2．How long should we wash the bite area if animal bites us? A．At least 10 minutes. B．At least 15 minutes. C．At least 30 minutes. 3．Which is the correct order to save a patient with a heart attack? ①Perform CPR.     ②Talk to the patient.     ③Call the doctor.     ④Make the patient lie down. A．①②④③ B．③④②① C．③①②④ 4．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To teach people how to give first aid. B．To introduce the meaning of first aid. C．To give some ways to avoid getting hurt. Passage 3 (24-25·八下·湖南省衡阳市衡山县·期末) Having a bloody nose can make some people nervous, but in most cases, nosebleeds (流鼻血) are not serious and easy to stop. Around 60% of people will experience a bloody nose in their lifetime. Nosebleeds are most common in children from 2 to 10 years and in adults aged 50-80. Common causes of nosebleeds include dry air and wounds to the nose or other parts of the head. Blowing your nose too often when you have a cold can also lead to nosebleeds. You probably already know how to stop a bloody nose right away, but it’s important to do it properly and safely. Always sit up straight when your nose is bleeding, and never lie on your back. One of the biggest mistakes in first aid is that you lean (倾斜) back with a bloody nose, but the best thing to do is to lean forward. The blood needs to go somewhere, and if the person leans back or lies down, it will most likely go down his throat, possibly causing choking (窒息). And try not to put tissues (纸巾) into your nose. Pinching the nose properly stops or slows the bleeding. Hold the nose for at least five minutes. Do not let go to check for bleeding until at least the first five minutes are up. If you can, keep the pressure on for longer. After five minutes, see if the bleeding has stopped. If not, pinch again, but keep it up for 10 minutes this time. Avoid activities such as heavy lifting, blowing or picking your nose for a day after the nosebleed has stopped. Remember that if you can’t stop the nosebleed with these methods, see a doctor immediately. 1．Who may most easily have nosebleeds? A．A 6-month-old baby. B．An 8-year-old boy. C．A 15-year-old girl. 2．When your nose is bleeding, you should ________. A．lean back with a bloody nose B．sit up straight and lean forward C．put tissues into the bloody nose 3．What does the underlined word “Pinching” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Holding. B．Blowing. C．Leaning. 4．What’s the structure of the passage? A． B． C． Passage 4 (24-25·八下·湖南省永州市·期末) Noise-canceling headphones (降噪耳机) bring you a quiet world, but using them for too long might be bad for your brain (大脑). Doctors from the UK’s National Health Service (NHS) have seen more young people having “ear problems”. These problems include trouble understanding speech or needing subtitles (字幕) to watch videos. However, their ears are healthy, it’s their brains that are affected (受影响). This problem is known as auditory processing disorder (APD). People with APD can hear sounds but find it hard to understand them. For our hearing to work well, our brains need to choose which sounds to focus on and which to ignore. We get the skill when we hear different sounds. If we don’t hear different kinds of sounds, we can lose this skill, said NHS doctors. Noise-canceling headphones might be part of the problem. Claire Benton from the British Academy of Audiology said that wearing these headphones creates a “false (虚假的) environment” where you only hear what you want. This makes it easier for your brain, so it doesn’t have to work as hard. This technology can be harmful (有害的) if you use it too much. However, it is still helpful for people working in noisy places. How can we protect our ears? Only use noise-canceling headphones for two or three hours each day. Every hour, take a break from using the headphones. Try not to use these headphones in crowded places, especially when you are outside or near traffic. 1．What problem do people with APD have? A．They can’t hear any sounds. B．They are almost deaf. C．They have trouble understanding sounds. 2．What does the underlined word “ignore” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Listen carefully. B．Pay no attention to. C．Remember quickly. 3．What’s the main idea of the last paragraph? A．To give advice. B．To show problems. C．To explain reasons. 4．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．Noise-canceling headphones are becoming more popular among young people. B．Using noise-canceling headphones for too long may affect the brain’s auditory processing ability. C．Doctors from the UK’s National Health Service are concerned about ear problems. Passage 5 (24-25·八下·湖南省长沙市浏阳市·期末) People usually think volunteering is just for adults. It seems hard for students like us. But it is totally different in Canada. The government encourages people of any age to volunteer in public and make contributions (贡献) to the whole society. Therefore, if students want to graduate (毕业) from high school, 30 hours of volunteering is needed. If students want to get into a good university, it helps. Volunteering is an important point that universities will think about. Besides, there are volunteer chances everywhere. People can find information about how to volunteer posted in the library or on the Internet. It includes many different jobs, such as wrapping (包装) gifts in a shopping mall, taking care of small kids or cleaning up a church. Students can choose what they want to do and register (注册) online. I got my first volunteer job at New Westminster Museum every Sunday from 9:30 a.m. to 11:30 a.m. My job is to check the documents (文件) on a computer and correct mistakes. At first, I was nervous to communicate with others. But as time passed, I became more open. During the course of volunteering, I not only learned how to work with other volunteers but also learned a lot of history about New Westminster. As a volunteer, I am proud of myself. I enjoy doing my job and helping others. 1．How many hours of volunteering do students need to finish to graduate from high school in Canada? A．30 hours B．40 hours C．20 hours 2．What does the first paragraph mainly talk about? A．The history of volunteering in Canada. B．The Canadian students’ graduation from school. C．The importance of volunteering for Canadian students. 3．Where can people in Canada find information about volunteer chances? A．In a church B．In a shopping mall C．In the library or on the Internet 4．What can we infer (推断) from the last paragraph? A．The writer loves doing her job and will continue to do it. B．The writer wants more adults to get a volunteer job. C．The writer was too nervous to take part in volunteering. Passage 6 (24-25·八下·湖南省长沙市长郡雨花外国语学校·期末) ①What do you want to be when you grow up? A study shows that more than 80% of children choose jobs they often see around them, like doctors and teachers—with teachers topping the list of kids’ dream jobs. But jobs such as cartoonists appear in less than 7% of their answers. This “visibility bias” (能见度偏差) holds back our imagination—we often overlook jobs hidden outside our daily lives. ②Choosing a career (职业) is crucial because it needs to bring both income (收入) and job satisfaction. If you don’t enjoy your job, your life won’t be as happy as you wish it to be. Try looking into different possibilities! Your dream job might be something you’ve never heard of before. ③How can you start? First, think about your interests and strengths. This will help shape your future work. If numbers excite you, maybe you can be a scientist. If storytelling comes naturally, writing or film-making could be your choice. And remember to talk to teachers, parents and friends. They can share ideas about different jobs. ④Also, think about future trends (趋势). Many jobs today, like website builders, weren’t around 50 years ago. New jobs like AI ethics advisors (伦理顾问) might appear when you grow up. So, on top of learning subjects, build skills such as activities and critical (批判的) thinking. ⑤You don’t have to wait to plan. Join clubs, read books, or watch videos about different jobs. Remember: big dreams start with small actions. Whether you want to change the world or find happiness, planning today will help you reach your dreams tomorrow! 1．Why do children often choose teachers and doctors as their dream jobs? A．These jobs pay the most money. B．These jobs need the least training. C．Children see these jobs in their daily lives. 2．What does the underlined word “crucial” probably mean in English? A．Important B．Interesting C．Helpful 3．Which of the following would the writer most likely agree with? A．In career planning, parents’ advice is the most important. B．Only by thinking about future trends can you find a good job. C．Developing skills like creativity is important for future jobs. 4．Which of the following best shows the structure (结构) of the passage? A．①/②③/④⑤ B．①②/③/④⑤ C．①/②/③④/⑤ Passage 7 (24-25·八下·湖南省株洲市攸县·期末) In spring, you may see some people wear T-shirts, but others wear coats. It looks like people feel the weather differently on the same day. Why is this? We don’t feel the air temperature directly (直接地). Our skin (皮肤) has special parts that feel if it is cold, cool, warm, or hot. These parts are everywhere—even in our noses! If two people are the same size, they might still feel differently. This is because of body fat. More body fat makes people feel warmer. And less body fat makes people feel colder. That’s why old people feel colder than young people—they have less fat under their skin. Height is another reason. Our bodies need blood (血液) to stay warm. Most people have hearts about the same size. But in tall people, it takes more time and work for blood to move around their bodies. So, tall people might feel colder. Other things can change how we feel too. If you just drank hot tea, you might feel warmer. If you’re tired or hungry, you could feel colder. Even wind can make the same temperature feel very different!   So next time you see someone dressed differently from you, don’t be surprised—it’s not just the weather. Our bodies all react in their own special ways! 1．Why does the writer mention (提到) people’s different clothing choices at the beginning of the passage? A．To show people’s clothing habits. B．To make readers interested in the topic. C．To explain the changeable weather in spring. 2．What does the underlined word “fat” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．肥胖 B．皮肤 C．脂肪 3．According to the passage, who is likely to feel colder? A．A tall person with less body fat. B．A short person with more body fat. C．A person who has just drunk hot tea. 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．Why people wear different clothes. B．How body fat keeps people warm. C．Why people feel temperature differently. Passage 8 (24-25·八下·湖南省常德市武陵区·期末) DeepSeek (深度求索) is an AI tool (工具) that makes daily (日常的) things easier. It works in three main areas: work, school, and life. At work, DeepSeek can do many simple jobs fast. It writes emails and reports right now, saving workers much time. In banks, it checks (检查) numbers carefully and finds mistakes that people might miss. This helps companies (公司) make better decisions. Many office workers say DeepSeek helps them do more important things. In schools, DeepSeek is like a smart helper. It gives students special lessons that are right for them. When students have problems with math, it explains each step clearly. For quick learners, it gives more difficult exercises. Teachers also use DeepSeek to see how their students are doing and make better lesson plans. In daily life, DeepSeek is very useful. It suggests movies and music you might enjoy. When traveling to other countries, it can change languages quickly on your phone. Many travelers say this helps them talk with local (本地的) people easily. DeepSeek can even tell you to take an umbrella when it’s going to rain. While DeepSeek is very helpful, we need to use it carefully. It’s important to keep personal information safe (安全的) when using computers. As technology (科技) gets better, DeepSeek will help us in more ways. But we should always remember that it’s a tool to help people, not to take the place of human thinking. 1．What can DeepSeek do in banks? A．Suggest movies to workers. B．Teach math to students. C．Check numbers and find mistakes. 2．How does DeepSeek help students who learn slowly? A．By explaining each step clearly. B．By giving more difficult exercises. C．By changing languages quickly. 3．What’s the structure (结构) of the text? (P=Paragraph) A． B． C． 4．What is the main idea of the text? A．How we keep information safe. B．How DeepSeek helps in work, school and life. C．Why students need to study math harder. Passage 9 (24-25·八下·湖南省长沙市长郡雨花外国语洪塘学校·期末)      When people think of pool parties, diving (跳水) competitions often come to mind. Everyone tries to show their best jumps, but sometimes things go wrong. Imagine someone hitting the water stomach-first—the loud sound makes everyone sympathize with him! The “belly flop” hurts because the water feels almost like hard ground. Why does this happen? When you fall onto hard ground, you can feel the ground’s reaction force (反作用力) acting on your body. When you fall from a point that is high enough, this force can hurt you badly. Water is different—it moves out of your way when you enter (进入) it. It’s soft if you enter slowly. But when you hit it fast, the water can’t move away fast enough. At that moment, it makes a strong impact force (冲击力), just like hitting hard ground, and pushes back against your body! The larger the area of your body hitting the water is, the stronger the impact force will be. Belly flops hurt the most because your whole front body hits the water at once. That’s why good divers enter the water like an arrow (箭)—this makes water move around them easily and the water doesn’t push back hard. If you accidentally start belly-flopping while in the air, quickly use your hands or knees to break the water first—this makes the pushback less painful (令人疼痛的). Remember: the key to safe diving is making sure that your body hits the water in a right way. Keep practicing the right way to hold your body, and you’ll make perfect “arrow”dives! 1．What does the underlined phrase “sympathize with” mean in English? A．Think of. B．Feel sorry for. C．Cheer for. 2．Why does the water feel like hard ground during a belly flop? A．The diver enters the water slowly. B．The water turns into ice for a moment. C．The water can’t move away quickly enough. 3．Which best shows how body area hitting water affects (影响) impact force? A． B． C． 4．What advice does the writer give to avoid (避免) the pain of a belly flop? A．Always dive in deep water. B．Practise belly flops more often. C．Use hands or knees to break the water first. 主题02 人与社会——文化传播；人际交往；传统文化；社会现象；文化融合；科技创新； 科技应用；教育科技；科技竞赛；环境保护 Passage 1 (24-25·八下·湖南省衡阳市衡阳县·期末) Black Myth: Wu Kong (《黑神话：悟空》) is a new video game that many people are excited about. It’s the first big, fantastic game made in China. As the first 3A game in China, it has been a great success. Even a famous person like Elon Musk said it was cool. To be good at the game, players need to know the story. It’s an old Chinese story called Journey to the West written by Wu Cheng’en a long time ago. As they learn about the story, they start to like the main character, Sun Wukong. He’s a hero who beats bad guys and is very strong. Whenever you are in need, Wu Kong will come to help you out. The success of the game also expresses the sound of China. One way is that the game’s words are in Chinese. This makes some people from other countries want to learn Chinese so they can play the game better. After the game comes, the foreign websites change the name—Monkey King into Sun Wukong. That means the acceptance of Chinese culture. The success of the game also brings chances to Shenzhen and Hangzhou, where it came out. Players all over the world are getting ready to visit these places and know more about the culture and history of China. 1．What is Black Myth: Wu Kong? A．An old Chinese tale B．A book written by Wu Cheng’en C．A new video game from China 2．How was the game after it came out? A．Popular. B．boring. C．Unwelcome. 3．Where may the game be made? A．Suzhou. B．Nanjing. C．Hangzhou. 4．To be good at the game, what does a player need to do? A．He needs to fight bad guys. B．He needs to read Journey to the West C．He needs to travel around the world Passage 2 (24-25·八下·湖南省永州市宁远县·期末) PUA stands for “Pick-up Artist.” It started as a term for people who use clever ways to influence their interactions (交流) with others, especially between lovers. This idea has grown, and now it also means people use tricks to control others in the workplace and online. It’s very helpful to know about PUA because it can deeply influence how you feel about your development. Here are some common behaviors to be careful. Sometimes people who use PUA tricks (欺骗，哄骗) criticize a lot. They might tell you that you’re always doing things wrong. It is just a way to make you feel sorry about yourself rather than help you improve. They may also try to keep you away from your friends and family. This makes you depend on them, and gives them more control over you. Another trick is called gas-lighting (煤气灯效应). For example, you remember something clearly, but they keep saying it didn’t happen. They want you to doubt (怀疑) what you know is true. To avoid PUA behaviors, there are several steps you can take. First, learn to tell what healthy friendships and relationships look like. Being confident is also important because it will not be so easy for others to trick you. Besides, you should be brave to say no when something feels wrong. What’s more, talking to someone you trust like a teacher can be very useful. Knowing these signs and how to deal with them can help you have better relationships. It’s like building a strong foundation (基础) for happy and healthy relationships as you get older. 1．What is TRUE about PUA behavior (行为)? A．PUA only happens between lovers. B．People may use PUA to control others in workplace and online. C．PUA can help you have better relationships when you get older. 2．What does the underlined word “criticize” mean in paragraph 2? A．批判，批评，指责 B．缺陷 C．出彩 3．What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．Steps to use PUA to control others. B．Reasons for why students can’t use PUA． C．Advice on how to avoid PUA behaviors. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Say “NO” to PUA! B．Let’s PUA Together! C．Is it Good to PUA? Passage 3 (24-25·八下·湖南省长沙市望城区·期末) 2025 is the Year of the Snake (1.29, 2025—2.16, 2026). In the Chinese zodiac (生肖), the snake comes right after the dragon because snakes are known as the little dragons. Many people think snakes are scary. But in traditional Chinese culture, snakes are a symbol of something magic and powerful (强大的). Do you know why Nuwa, the creator of men has a human head and a snake body? That’s because ancient Chinese think snakes mean rebirth—new life. And Nuwa is able to give life to humans that she creates with yellow earth. But how can snakes mean rebirth? Because snakes usually sleep and take off their old clothes—shed skin (蜕皮) in winter and wake up in spring. In ancient people’s eyes, the snakes seemed to have died, but then they shed their skin and came back to life. Nowadays, some medical universities still put snakes on their school badges (校徽), wishing the doctors can give life back to their patients. Have you read the ancient Chinese book Shan Hai Jing? In the book, there are gods with snakes around their ears or in their hands and these gods can cross between life and death. Let me tell you why. Starting from ancient China, humans lived on Earth and the dead went to the underworld. Snakes dug into the ground and went to the underworld. It was believed that snakes were the bridge between life and death. The Year of the Snake is not just about an animal—it’s full of cool stories and meanings. From Nuwa’s snake body to snakes being bridges between life and death, Chinese culture makes the snake super special! 1．What do we know about the Year of the Snake? A．It starts from January 29th in 2025. B．It is a kind of traditional foreign culture. C．It comes before the Year of the Dragon in the Chinese zodiac. 2．What does the underlined word “rebirth” mean in Paragraph 2? A．出生 B．死亡 C．重生 3．Why do some medical universities put snakes on their school badges? A．To protect the universities and the doctors. B．To wish the doctors can give life back to their patients. C．To show powerful snakes and traditional Chinese culture. 4．What kind of gods can cross between life and death in Shan Hai Jing? A．Gods with snakes in their houses. B．Gods with snakes around their ears. C．Gods with snakes around their legs. Passage 4 (24-25·八下·湖南省长沙市雅礼教育集团·期末) When I moved from England to Beijing, I was surprised to find it was so easy to get to toilets! In the UK, there aren’t many public toilets. Since 2000, the number of public toilets has dropped by 40 percent in the UK, says The London Society. In the UK, local councils (地方议会) should provide public toilets, but it’s not a must by law. Building and looking after toilets costs a lot, so local councils may not build them to save money. With the growth of cafe culture, many old toilet spaces are made into cafes and bars. Their restrooms are often used as public toilets. Also, people in the UK don’t like to talk about toilets, so the problem doesn’t get much attention. But not having enough toilets is bad for the economy. Research shows places with good services can get 30 percent more visitors. In London’s Soho, not having enough public toilets makes the area lose 4. 9 million pounds (about 46 million yuan) in revenue (税收) each year. Now, people in the UK are trying to solve this “toi-less” problem. On Feb 10, the British Toilet Association started the “Legalise Loos” campaign. They want the government to make public toilets necessary everywhere. Before that, Age UK London also asked for better toilet access, especially for the older people. 1．How did the writer feel when finding toilets in Beijing? A．Bored. B．Surprised. C．Upset. 2．Why may local councils in the UK not provide public toilets? A．Because people don’t need them. B．Because it costs a lot to build and care for them. C．Because there are no laws asking them to do so. 3．What does the underlined word in paragraph 4 mean in Chinese? A．经济。 B．文化。 C．政治。 4．What do people in the UK want the government to do? A．To build more cafes and bars. B．To make public toilets a must-have everywhere. C．To ask people to talk more about toilets. Passage 5 (24-25·八下·湖南省长沙实验雨花中学·期末) For more than three months, the world has been very excited about a new AI model called DeepSeek-R1. The company (公司) behind it, also called DeepSeek, is a business based in Hangzhou, Zhejiang. The new AI first appeared on Jan. 20, 2025. In just one week, it beat OpenAI’s ChatGPT and became No.1 free application (应用) in the App Store. What is so special about it? According to DeepSeek, the new AI model can solve hard math problems as well as top models but uses less computer power. It cost just $5.57 million (¥40.58 million) to make, which is much cheaper than US companies large costs (hundreds of millions or billions). Technology expert Marc Andreessen says this shows AI can be both powerful and affordable (负担得起的). The achievement was largely due to (由于) an idea the scientist had while they trained it. Instead of using the traditional ways, DeepSeek mainly uses Reinforcement Learning (RL,强化学习). It helps AI learn by working out the right way to do things on its own to get points. This makes R1 better at reasoning and solving hard problems. What’s more, DeepSeek-R1 is open-source (开放源代码的). Everyone is free to get a copy of its code (代码). They can also change the code to meet their own needs. “Being open-source is very important for sharing knowledge and making technology better for everyone,” said Liang Wenfeng, who set up DeepSeek. 1．When did DeepSeek-R1 become the top free app in the App Store? A．On January 20, 2025. B．On January 27, 2024. C．On January 27, 2025. 2．How much did it cost to develop DeepSeek-R1? A．5.57 million dollars. B．40.58 million dollars. C．Hundreds of millions of US dollars. 3．What might happen if more companies use RL? A．AI problem-solving skills may get better. B．AI models will become less popular. C．AI development costs will be higher. 4．Which one is the best title for this passage? A．The Competition between AI Companies B．The Future of AI Technology C．DeepSeek Rocks the AI World Passage 6 (24-25·八下·湖南省长沙市开福区青竹湖湘一外国语学校·期末) Have you heard of Artificial Intelligence (AI) chatbots (智能聊天机器人)? Have you ever tried one made just for kids? Soon, Google will put out its Gemini AI chatbot for children under the age of 13. But it has also led to some worries. The Guardian reported that AI companies (公司) usually stop children at that age from using Gemini. This is to protect kids from breaking the rules. If kids break the rules when using AI chatbots, companies can’t do much about it. Also, laws protect kids’ personal information, but companies need it to provide services, said Colin Biggers & Paisley, a leading Australian law firm (律师事务所). To let kids use Gemini, parents need to set up an account (账户) for their child on the Family Link app. They should provide the kid’s name and date of birth. But Google said it won’t use children’s information to train its AI system (系统). Forbes also reported that Gemini acts like a study helper. It helps children with learning, creativity and looking up information. However, there are still some worries. For example, some kids might also find ways to get around the Family Link app’s controls. When Gemini tries to stop kids from seeing unsafe things, it might also stop them from finding good information about growing up, said The Conversation. Still, parents can help their kids use Gemini properly in their own way. They can open and close Gemini for their kids through its app and see what they’ve said to the chatbot. So, researchers have advised that parents should also do their part. They should check what the AI chatbot has said, help their kids to understand it and make sure they are right. 1．How does the writer introduce the topic? A．By explaining what AI chatbots are. B．By asking questions about AI chatbots. C．By comparing AI chatbots with Gemini AI chatbots. 2．What can we learn from the second paragraph? A．It is not good for kids to use Gemini at all. B．Google will use kids’ information to train AI. C．Gemini is more like a study helper for kids. 3．How can parents help their kids use Gemini properly according to Paragraph 4? A．By stopping them from using it. B．By checking their kids’ chat history. C．By controlling what the robot said. 4．Which would be the best title for the passage? A．Chatting with Care. B．Gemini: Your Best Friend. C．How to Say “No” to an AI Chatbot? Passage 7 (24-25·八下·湖南省衡阳市八中教育集团·期末) According to a latest (最新的) report, a few schools in China are using a kind of very special uniform to stop their students from playing truant (旷课). Such uniforms have tracking chips (追踪芯片) in them which can record the time and date a student enters the school. And parents can see a short video about their children through a mobile app. Once a student doesn’t have classes without asking for leave, an alarm will be sent to both the teachers and the parents. And a voice alarm (警报) will go off as long as the student leaves school without being allowed. A GPS system also follows the student’s movements. However, some people criticized the uniforms. “If you were a child, would you like to be watched 24 hours a day?” a man asked. “Don’t children have privacy (隐私)?” said another person. A headmaster in Guizhou said they did not use this technology often: “We choose not to check the position of students after school, but when the students are playing truant, the uniforms will help to find out where they are,” the headmaster said. 1．What do the second and third paragraphs talk about ? A．How the uniforms work. B．The materials (材料) of the uniforms. C．The reasons for creating the uniforms. 2．What does the underlined word “criticized” in Paragraph 4 probably mean in Chinese? A．讨论 B．推广 C．批评 3．What can we learn about the uniforms? A．All the schools in Guizhou have used the uniforms. B．Different people have different opinions about the uniforms. C．More and more students like to go to school after wearing the uniforms. 4．What can be the best title for the passage ? A．A Kind of Special Uniform B．The Role of School Uniforms C．A Good Way to Watch Students Passage 8 (24-25·八下·湖南省长沙市宁乡市·期末) Can you build a robot that opens a door, picks things up, knocks things down or even scores a goal (进球)？ Students on the robotics team at Discovery School in Oklahoma have already done these things. They have just won the first place at the State Robotics Championship. In the competition, there were 66 teams from middle schools around the state. They got a box of Lego (乐高) pieces, wheels and motors. Besides building, the team also needed to program their robots. Each team had the same tasks to perform. So what made the Discovery team so special? And how did they score (得分) 564 out of 590, the best score? “We use Bluetooth, so we can download information from computer to robot,” said Hugo Reyna, an eighth-grader from the Discovery robotics team. For most teams, wires (电线) were the common tool they used to transfer (传输) information between computer and robot. But the Discovery team started studying Bluetooth transfer, a faster and more convenient way, about one year ago. Then they applied (应用) the new technology in the competition. And it performed as well as the students thought. In one of the tasks, robots had to throw a ball into the goal. Although lots of the robots tripped over (绊倒) the wires as they moved, the Discovery team’s robot was as flexible as a professional basketball player. It scored the most goals and won the highest mark from the judges. In the end, the team from Discovery received a certificate (证书) from Google, showing their achievements in robot technology. 1．______ teams took part in the State Robotics Championship. A．66 B．564 C．590 2．What made the Discovery team so special? A．A box of Lego pieces. B．Bluetooth transfer. C．The highest mark in the competition. 3．The underlined word “flexible” in Paragraph 6 probably means “______” in Chinese. A．笨拙的 B．勤奋的 C．灵活的 4．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．How robots can do a lot of things by themselves. B．How a technology called Bluetooth is used in schools. C．How the Discovery team won the State Robotics Championship. Passage 9 (24-25·八下·湖南省常德市津市·期末) When throwing away rubbish, do you know which bin (垃圾箱) it should go in? Have you ever noticed the differently-colored bins on the street? Some of you might not be able to answer this question. However, it’s actually quite important to know how to sort (分类) your waste. Not knowing how to sort waste can make it harder to save energy and protect the environment. With this in mind, many cities in China are running waste-sorting campaigns. For example, Shanghai asks all of its people to sort their waste into four groups: wet, dry, harmful (有害的) and recyclable (可回收利用的). What kind of waste is “wet” waste? The household waste. “You don’t want these things anymore, but pigs can eat them,” Guangzhou Daily explained. Harmful waste includes things like medicine, batteries, and fluorescent bulbs. Paper, metal, glass, and other things are recyclable waste because people can use them again, but maybe in another way. Finally, any waste that’s not wet, recyclable or harmful will go in the “dry waste” bin. Many other Chinese cities, including Shenzhen, plan to use this method (方法) to sort their garbage. Now that you know this, perhaps you can do your part to protect the environment and encourage others to sort their waste. 1．Why should we sort our waste? A．Because many cities are sorting waste. B．Because the bins are in different colors. C．Because we can protect the environment in this way. 2．What does the underlined word “campaigns” mean? A．Journeys. B．Performance. C．Activities. 3．The passage is most probably from a(n) ________. A．newspaper B．science story C．ad (广告) 4．What is the purpose (目的) of the writer to write this passage? A．To tell us some new skills. B．To advise people to sort the waste. C．To introduce waste-sorting campaigns. Passage 10 (24-25八下·湖南长沙雅礼雨花中学·期末) Imagine this: you wake up one morning and you notice something strange. You missed your alarm. You look over and you find it’s going off, but you cannot hear it. You turn on your morning news, but you cannot hear what they’re saying. You can’t hear the birds singing. You can’t hear your mother asking you to get up soon. How do you feel, then? Most people would never think about these, but many people have these difficulties. Luckily, with medical knowledge and skills today, two thirds of the world’s 42 million deaf people should not have to suffer (遭受). While, rich countries have this knowledge, but developing countries (发展中国家) do not. WFD (THE WORLD FEDERATION OF THE DEAF) is an international charitable (慈善的) organization. Its goal is to help fight deafness all over the world. And it is always trying to help those developing countries by giving hearing-saving training. In each developing country, there are at least 100 teaching hospitals with television rooms and classrooms. Doctors are taught the latest technology of helping the deaf with their hearing loss. Up to now, the organization has traveled around the earth 3 times, visited 76 countries. Meanwhile, it has taught over 35,000 doctors and nurses and helped over 20,000 deaf people. Do you want to help with this work and free people from deafness? If you have some medical experience, it will be useful for you to take the classes held by the teaching hospital newly built in our community. If not, there will be another class called Communication Skills for you. Here you can learn how to show your kindness and care to the deaf in a correct way. Come and try out! Your love can help them “open their ears” to the world! 1． How many deaf people should not have to suffer with medical knowledge and skills today? A．14 million. B．28 million. C．42 million. 2． How does the writer start the topic in the passage? A．By asking a question. B．By listing some numbers. C．By describing a situation. 3． What can we know about WFD from the third paragraph? A．It is an organization set for money. B．It needs your help with the medical practices. C．It is trying hard to help the deaf out. 4．Why does the writer write this passage? A．To introduce an international charitable organization. B．To ask people to support WFD and give the deaf a hand. C．To tell how you may feel if you experience a hearing loss. 主题03 人与自然——环境保护；生态治理；沙漠治理；未来建筑；动物保护；气候与人体； 运动科学 Passage 1 (24-25·八下·湖南省郴州市资兴市·期末) Have you ever thought about how to clean dirty rivers? Chinese scientists have come up with a really cool idea! They made special robotic fish to check water pollution in the Yellow River and these robots are changing the way we protect our environment. These robotic fish swim three times faster than the traditional tools. They have strong sensors (传感器) inside, which help them find harmful (有害的) things in the water. In fact, they can do this twice as accurately (精准地) as the old ways. Nowadays, these robotic fish are working hard in the Baoku River, a big branch of the Yellow River. They’ve replaced human researchers. One robotic fish can finish the work of 20 people. In the past, hydropower stations (水电站) caused problems. They stopped fish from swimming freely, which hurt the river’s ecosystem (生态系统). But now, the robotic fish are here to offer help. They watch the water quality closely and also check if the new fish ladders (梯子) work well. These ladders, just like “stairs” for fish, are made sure by the robotic fish to work at least half as well as natural rivers. Moving quietly like real fish, they are able to cover five times more area than the fixed sensors (固定传感). This makes them perfect for looking after rivers. Encouraged by their success, China plans to use these robotic fish in more polluted rivers across the country. With their help, the rivers will become cleaner and safer for all living things. Maybe one day the whole world will use such technology to protect our planet together. 1．Why did scientists invent the robotic fish? A．To catch real fish in the river. B．To check water pollution in the river. C．To take the place of all fish in the river. 2．2．How fast can the robot fish swim compared to old tools? A．Half as fast as the old tools. B．Twice as fast as the old tools. C．Three times as fast as the old tools. 3．The underlined word “branch” in Paragraph 3 means “________” in Chinese. A．支流 B．树枝 C．小溪 4．Where can you probably read the passage? A．A sports magazine. B．A science magazine. C．A science fiction novel. Passage 2 (24-25·八下·湖南省长沙市一中新华都学校·期末) The Taklamakan Desert, known as the “Sea of Death”, is the biggest desert in China and the second-largest moving desert in the world. It covers 337,600 square kilometers and now has a 3,046-kilometer-long green belt around it. Building the green belt faced many problems. As we all know, the desert is very large with sand dunes (沙丘) as high as 300 meters. So more time, money, and effort are needed. The dry climate added more challenges. The desert has little rain (50mm) but loses much more water (2,500mm) to evaporation (蒸发). Due to the shortage of water, plants are hard to grow. The frequent sandstorms are another problem. The Taklamakan Desert is one of the most active areas for sandstorms in China, creating further difficulties. Even with these problems, finishing the green belt is a huge success. Experts say it’s amazing, and the hard work paid off. The green belt protects oases (areas with water and plants) from sandstorms, improves the local environment, and supports farming. It also shows China’s strong skills in managing large environmental projects. A local farmer said he was happy about the project and hoped it would help his family in the future. In the coming years, Xinjiang will keep growing the green belt to stop deserts and bring more desert land back to life. People living near the desert are looking forward to better living conditions. 1．How long is the green belt around the Taklamakan Desert? A．2,500 kilometers B．3,046 kilometers C．337,600 kilometers 2．Which problem about building the green belt is NOT mentioned? A．The high sand dunes. B．The shortage of water. C．Too many wild animals. 3．What does the underlined phrase “paid off” mean in paragraph 3? A．取得回报 B．全部付清 C．注意到 4．What’s the passage mainly about? A．The dangers of desert sandstorms. B．The success of a desert project. C．The life of farmers in deserts. Passage 3 (24-25·八下·湖南省邵阳市隆回县·期末) In our lives, we often use the words “hot”, “dry” and “open” to describe a place. Do you know what it is? It’s the desert. The desert covers about 20 percent of the earth’s land area. However, the desert is becoming larger because of human activities. And it has caused environmental problems around the world in the past few years. Chinese scientists have tried to stop land from desertification. And the situation in China has become better because of their hard work. However, some countries in Africa are still facing the problem. Kano is a city in the north of Nigeria. It’s also on the southern side of the Sahara—the world’s biggest desert. A Chinese science team has been working on a project with the villagers there to help stop their homeland from becoming a desert. Muhammad is a local villager. He works as a gardener (园艺工人) for the project. He gets water twice a day from a hole about one kilometer away to water the small trees. The village is at least 20 kilometers away from the Sahara, but Muhammad still fears it will become part of the desert one day. “I hope the trees will grow big and tall in a few years so that they can help build a green home for us,” Muhammad said. 1．What can we get from the first paragraph? A．Human activities can stop environmental problems. B．More than half of the earth’s land is the desert. C．The area of the desert is becoming larger now. 2．What does the underlined word “desertification” mean in Chinese? A．沙漠化 B．沼泽化 C．私有化 3．What does Muhammad worry about according to the text? A．He’ll lose his job one day. B．His village may become a desert. C．The small trees will be too tall. 4．What’s the best title for the text? A．Environmental Problems in the World B．The fight against the Desert C．A Special Village in Africa Passage 4 (24-25·八下·湖南省岳阳县·期末) What will the future houses be like? Will they have gardens on their walls? Can they control the houses’ temperature? Architects (建筑师) believe that there are many different possibilities. But the only thing for sure is that the houses will be as green as possible. The Tree House: Many architects would like to build a “tree house” like a leaf. The top of the house collects sunlight during the day. The sunlight can be used to heat water, drive household machines, and even provide fresh air for the home. The “root” of the house is deep under the ground. It uses the soil to control the home’s temperature. The Lizard (蜥蜴) House: Like a lizard, changing colour with the weather is the most important design (设计) of a lizard house. When it’s in the bright sun, the cover of the house will turn white to protect it from strong heat. During cloudy days, it turns dark and takes in as much light and heat as possible to make energy for lighting. The Garden House: Food production (生产) will be one part of the house design. Gardens may appear on the outside walls of the house. People can plant vegetables on them. So they just need to walk outside and collect vegetables every day. The Self-cleaning House: Things like floor, wall, and sofa in the Self-cleaning House will be cleaned or dried by themselves. People don’t need to clean them or get them dried under the sun, so that they can have more time to rest. 1．People can’t use the sunlight from the Tree House to _________. A．heat water B．control the home’s temperature C．create fresh air 2．Sam likes growing vegetables by himself, so he can live in _________. A．the Garden House B．the Lizard House C．the Tree House 3．From the passage, we can learn that _________. A．the Tree House uses the root to collect the sunlight during the daytime B．the cover of the Lizard House will turn black to$