摘要:
**基本信息**
以“答题技巧+小试牛刀”双模块构建语法专项,通过表格对比、规则归纳、句型拆解系统梳理代词、情态动词等核心语法点,实现知识逻辑与解题能力的协同提升,助力语言能力与学习能力发展。
**专项设计**
|模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑|
|----|-----------|----------|----------|
|答题技巧|6 Unit(含8类语法点,20+例句)|代词表格对比单复数/格;Do/Does按主语类型定助动词;can分句型(肯定/否定/疑问);名词复数规则分类|从基础代词→疑问句→指示代词→情态动词→名词→方位介词→数量提问,由易到难,概念-规则-应用链条完整|
|小试牛刀|12题型64题(含新情境/歌谣题)|反义/单复数转换、句型转换强化语法应用;新情境题结合旧物整理场景|覆盖答题技巧全部知识点,从基础到综合,提升语言应用与思维灵活性|
内容正文:
专题03 语法
· 内容导航 ·
01:答题技巧 02:小试牛刀
答题技巧
Unit 1 Meeting new people
一、人称代词与物主代词
人称
单复数
主格
宾格
形容词性物主代词
名词性物主代词
第一
人称
单数
I
me
my
mine
复数
we
us
our
ours
第二
人称
单数
you
you
your
yours
复数
you
you
your
yours
第三
人称
单数
he
him
his
his
she
her
her
hers
it
it
its
its
复数
they
them
their
theirs
二、常见特殊疑问句
a. 询问姓名的句型
—What's your/her/his name?
—My/Her/His name is + 人名.
例:—What's her name? 她叫什么名字?
—Her name is Li Ping. 她叫李萍。
b. 询问来自哪里的句型
—Where + be 动词 + 主语 + from?
—主语 + be 动词 + from + 国家 / 城市.
注释:Where 是疑问副词,意为 “在哪里”,用来提问地点。
例: —Where are you from? 你来自哪里?
—I'm from China. 我来自中国。
—Where is he from? 他来自哪里?
—He is from Henan, China. 他来自中国河南。
c. 询问远处某人身份的句型
—Who's that + 人物 (man/woman/boy/girl…)?
—He's/She's + 身份 (my mother/friend…).
例:—Who's that man? 那个男人是谁?
—He's my father. 他是我父亲。
Unit 2 My words and actions
Do/Does 引导一般疑问句知识点
一、定义:一般现在时,谓语是实义动词(eat、play、study 等),询问动作是否发生,用 Do/Does 引导一般疑问句。
二、助动词选用规则:
1. 当主语是第一人称 (单 / 复数 I, we)、第二人称 (单 / 复数 you) 或者 第三人称复数 (they, my friends, these cats...) 时,助动词用 do。
2. 当主语是第三人称单数 (he, she, it, Tom, the boy, my mother, a bird...) 时,助动词用 does。
3. 当主语是不可数名词 (water, rice...) 时,助动词用 does。
三、句型结构:
1. Do + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?
答:Yes, 主语 + do. / No, 主语 + don’t.
例:—Do you like dogs? 你喜欢狗吗?
—Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.
2. Does + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?
答:Yes, 主语 + does. / No, 主语 + doesn’t.
例:—Does he often sing songs? 他经常唱歌吗?
—Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.
Unit 3 Tools and senses for I learning
一、指示代词this、that、these、those
近
远
单数
this
that
复数
those
these
二、情态动词 can 的用法:
情态动词,本身没有词义,不能单独作谓语,一般与实义动词一起构成谓语,表示说话人的态度,没有人称和数的变化。
句型
结构
例句
肯定句
主语 + can + 动词原形
He can swim.他会游泳。
否定句
主语 + can't + 动词原形
She can't drive.她不会开车。
一般疑问句
Can + 主语 + 动词原形?
Can you help me?你能帮我吗?
特殊疑问句
疑问词 + can + 主语 + 动词原形?
What can I do?你能做什么?
Unit 4 Healthy food
一、would like 的用法
would like “想要”,用来表达一种委婉的、礼貌的意愿;与 want 意义相同,但语气更委婉。 would like 可与任何人称连用,没有人称和数的变化。
结构:would like = 'd like 例:I'd like... We'd like...
1. 肯定句:主语 + would like + 名词 / 主语 'd like + 名词.意为 “某人想要……”。
例:(1) I'd like some bananas. 我想要一些香蕉。
(2) She'd like a new hat. 她想要一顶新帽子。
2. 否定句:主语 + would not (wouldn't) like + 名词.意为 “某人不想要……”。
例:(1) I wouldn't like any soup. 我不想要任何汤。
(2) He wouldn't like a gift. 他不想要一个礼物。
3. 一般疑问句:—Would + 主语 + like...? —Yes, please. / No, thank you. 问句意为 “某人想要…… 吗?”。
例:—Would you like some milk? 你想要一些牛奶吗?
—Yes, please. / No, thank you. 是的,谢谢。/ 不,谢谢你。
4. 特殊疑问句:—What would + 主语 + like? — 主语 + would like + 名词 / 主语 'd like + 名词. 问句意为 “某人想要什么?”。
例:(1)—What would you like? 你想要什么?
—I'd like some juice. 我想要点儿果汁。
(2)—What would they like? 他们想要什么?
—They'd like a computer. 他们想要一台电脑。
二、可数名词与不可数名词
名词
可数名词
单数
如:an apple
复数
如:apples
不可数名词
如:milk water
可数名词变复数的规则变化:
①一般情况下直接在词尾加s。如:
student-students cap-caps car-cars
②以s、x、ch、sh、ss结尾,词尾加es。如:
bus-buses fox-foxes watch-watches
dish-dishes class-classes
③以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i加es。如:
baby-babies city-cities
④以“f或fe”结尾,变f或者fe为v加es。如:
knife-knives wife-wives
⑤以o结尾的名词,表示无生命的事物加s,表示有生命的事物加es。
无生命:radio-radios zoo-zoos photo-photos
有生命:tomato-tomatoes potato-potatoes
Unit 5 Old things
方位介词
表示事物存在的方向和位置的介词叫作方位介词。
介词
释义
示意图
示例
on
在……的上面
The girl is on the box.
in
在……的里面
The girl is in the box.
under
在……的正方
The girl is under the table.
Unit 6 Numbers in life
how much与how many
二者均可用来提问数量的多少,前者用于提问可数名词,其后接可数名词复数;而后者用于提问不可数名词,其后接不可数名词。
· how many用于询问数量,后接可数名词的复数形式,例如:books、people等。
句式1:how many+复数名词+一般疑问句+……
句式2:how many+可数名词复数+are there+地点
【例句】How many books are (there) on the desk? 桌子上有多少本书?
· how much
①用于询问数量,后接不可数名词,例如:water、milk等。
【例句】How much water is in the bottle? 瓶子里有多少水?
②用于询问价格。
【例句】How much is the milk?牛奶多少钱?
小试牛刀
一、选词填空,完成下列各题。
thin short has we slow
1.long (反义词)
2.fat (反义词)
3.I (复数形式)
4.have (单三形式)
5.fast (反义词)
二、按要求完成各题。
6.toys(单数) 7.old things(英译汉)
8.old(反义词) 9.pencil(复数)
10.that’s(完整形式) 11.let us(缩写形式)
三、写出下列单词的复数形式。
12.foot 13.tooth 14.hand
15.eye 16.ear 17.body
18.face 19.apple 20.banana
21.orange 22.pear 23.watermelon
24.strawberry 25.grape
四、用be动词的正确形式填空。
26.That my ruler.
27.These books.
28.— this a pen? —No, it . It a pencil.
29.—What these? —They computers.
五、用can或can’t填空。(可重复使用)
30. I use your pen?
31.Plants give us many things.
32.We speak and learn. Ants .
六、单项选择。
( ) 33.Do you have ______ old things?
A.any B.some C.an
( ) 34.—______ is this pen?
—It’s eighteen yuan.
A.How many B.How much C.Where
( ) 35.—How many ______ do you need?
—Five.
A.picture B.maps C.soup
( ) 36.—What are these?
—They’re ______.
A.pen B.pencils C.book
( ) 37.—Do you have old toys at home?
—______
A.Yes, I am. B.No, I do. C.Yes, I do.
( ) 38.Do you have ______ old school things?
A.much B.some C.any
( ) 39.—______ that man?
—He’s my father.
A.Who B.Where’s C.Who’s
( ) 40.—Is it in the box?
—______
A.No, I don’t. B.No, it isn’t. C.OK!
( ) 41.—______ are you from?
—I’m from Guizhou, China.
A.Where B.What C.How
( ) 42.—How many ______ do we need?
—Eleven.
A.apple B.toy car C.dolls
七、读句子,选择正确的答语。
A.Sure, here you are.
B.My name’s Meimei.
C.That’s my neighbour, Amy.
D.It’s eighteen yuan.
E.Yes, I do.
( ) 43.How much is the cap?
( ) 44.Who’s that girl?
( ) 45.Can I use your pencil?
( ) 46.Do you have old things?
( ) 47.What’s your name?
八、句型转换。
48.Do you like dogs? (作肯定回答)
___________, I _____________.
49.I often make her gifts. (改为同义句)
I often ___________ gifts ___________ her.
50.After you! (写出应答语)
___________ ___________.
51.This is an eraser. (改为复数句)
___________ are ___________.
52.This is a pencil. (对画线部分问)
___________ ___________ this?
九、从括号中选择正确的单词填空。
I 53. (have / has) a dog. He’s tall and big. And he’s 54. (too / also) very cute. He has a long tail 55. (and / or) short ears. 56. (He / His) legs are long. I love 57. (he / him) very much!
十、选出合适的单词补全短文。
Hello! I’m Amy. I have many things 58. (on / at) home. There are some old books. I put them 59. (on / in) the shelf. Some toys are on the floor. I 60. (put / make) them in a box now. 61. (What / Where) is my bag? It’s on the chair. I put all my school things in it. Look! I have some old 62. (doll / dolls) too. They’re still nice. I put them in a box too. I can give them away.
十一、【新情境】Sarah把她的旧物放在了架子上。根据图片,选择正确的单词完成短文。
cap under in on dolls
63.I have many old things at home. I have a map. It’s the box. I have two . They are the box. I have a . It’s the shelf.
十二、【歌谣】选择正确的单词写在四线三格上,补全歌谣。
be me we he she
We are a family
64.He, she and me. are a family. likes to sing. likes to dance. I like to run. Run with , smile and happy!
参考答案
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46.E
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49.make for
50.Thank you
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53.have
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55.and
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58.are
59.on
60.put
61.Where
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