暑假作业10 定语从句（巩固培优）高一英语通用版

**基本信息** 聚焦定语从句高考核心考点，以"定义-用法-应用"为逻辑链，融合方法提炼与分层训练，提升语言运用与逻辑分析能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |理论讲解|9项核心用法|成分判断法（缺主宾用代词/完整用副词）、特殊情况速记（that/which适用场景）|从概念（定义）到构成（先行词+关系词），再到分类（限制性/非限制性）及特殊规则，形成完整知识网络| |题型训练|单选15题+语法填空35题+句型转换等50题|关系词选择三步法（判先行词→析从句成分→定关系词）、非限制性从句逗号特征识别|由基础选择（单选/语法填空）到综合应用（句型转换/完成句子），再到语篇实践（短文语法填空），实现能力层级递进|

完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 暑假作业10 定语从句 一、定义 定语从句是修饰主句中名词或代词（先行词）的从句，相当于形容词功能，分为限制性与非限制性定语从句，是高考语法填空、改错、长难句分析、书面表达核心高频考点。 二、基本用法 1. 核心构成：定语从句由先行词+关系词+从句构成，关系词指代先行词，在从句中充当成分，不可省略。 2. 关系代词用法：who/whom指代人，which指代物，that可指人或物，whose表所属关系（人/物的），在从句作主、宾、定语。 3. 关系副词用法：when表时间、where表地点、why表原因，在从句中只作状语，从句主干成分完整，是高频解题特征。 4. 限制性定语从句：无逗号分隔，紧密修饰先行词，不可随意拆分，缺失会影响句意完整，高考考查最多。 5. 非限制性定语从句：有逗号与主句隔开，起补充说明作用，that不适用，常用which/who，可指代整句话内容。 6. 只能用that的情况：先行词被最高级、序数词、不定代词修饰；先行词既有人又有物；先行词被all、no、every等词修饰。 7. 只能用which的情况：介词后、逗号后的非限制性定语从句、先行词为事物且处于特殊句式中，不可用that替换。 8. 介词+关系代词结构：介词可根据先行词搭配、从句固定搭配、句意逻辑判断，是高考难点与写作高分结构。 9. 高频易错点：关系词成分判断（缺主宾用代词、完整用副词）；whose万能所属；非限制性从句不使用that。 一、单项选择 1．This is the beautiful park ________ I enjoyed peaceful moments with my best friends in my youth. A．where B．that C．which D．when 2．This is the exact library ________ I spent lots of time reading books in my childhood. A．where B．that C．which D．when 3．The novel ________ I borrowed from the school library is extremely inspiring and meaningful. A．what B．where C．which D．when 4．We all admire the student ________ handwriting is neat and beautiful in our grade. A．who B．whom C．whose D．which 5．I will never forget the days ________ we studied and grew up together in senior high. A．when B．where C．that D．which 6．This is the best movie ________ I have ever watched during my summer vacation. A．which B．that C．what D．when 7．The reason ________ he was late for school is that he missed the early bus. A．why B．that C．which D．when 8．The bike ________ he bought last month was stolen on the street yesterday afternoon. A．when B．what C．which D．where 9．Anyone ________ breaks the school rules will receive corresponding punishment properly. A．which B．who C．whom D．whose 10．The park, ________ we often take a walk, is full of fresh air and beautiful scenery. A．where B．which C．that D．when 11．All ________ we need to do is to keep working hard and sticking to our dreams. A．which B．that C．what D．when 12．The man ________ we met at the party is a famous professor from a key university. A．which B．what C．whom D．whose 13．He failed the exam, ________ made his parents feel quite disappointed and upset. A．that B．which C．what D．when 14．I still remember the moment ________ I received my admission letter of high school. A．when B．where C．that D．which 15．The house ________ windows face south is warm and bright all year round. A．which B．that C．whose D．where 二、单句语法填空 16. The student ________ helps others willingly is popular among teachers and classmates. 17. This is the small village ________ my grandparents have lived for many years. 18. The story ________ he told us yesterday is very touching and educational. 19. We admire the writer ________ works have influenced countless young readers. 20. I cherish the time ________ I stay with my family members on weekends. 21. The reason ________ she gave up the competition is unknown to all of us. 22. This is the most meaningful activity ________ I have taken part in at school. 23. The book ________ cover is blue contains plenty of useful learning knowledge. 24. The old man, ________ we helped yesterday, thanked us warmly again and again. 25. Everything ________ we learn in school will benefit our future life and growth. 26. The factory ________ my father works produces various daily necessities. 27. The decision ________ our head teacher made is suitable for our class. 28. He won the first prize, ________ surprised all his teachers and classmates a lot. 29. I will never forget the people and things ________ appear in my high school life. 30. The season ________ I like best is spring because of its warm weather. 31. I’d like to recommend the movie *The Wandering Earth*, ______ is popular with Chinese teenagers. 32. The girl ______ you talked with at the party is good at writing English compositions. 33. I still remember the year ______ I first took part in the school English speech contest. 34. This is the very book ______ can help you improve your writing skills quickly. 35. The school ______ I study has set up many courses to develop students’ overall abilities. 一、句型转换 1．We visited a museum. The museum displays ancient cultural relics.（合并定语从句） →We visited a museum ________ displays ancient cultural relics. 2．I remember the day. I joined the school football team on the day.（合并定语从句） →I remember the day ________ I joined the school football team. 3．The girl is my deskmate. Her pronunciation is very standard and beautiful.（合并句子） →The girl ________ pronunciation is standard and beautiful is my deskmate. 4．He missed the train. It made him fail to attend the important meeting.（改为非限制性从句） →He missed the train, ________ made him fail to attend the important meeting. 5．This is the reason. I choose to stick to my dream for the reason.（合并定语从句） →This is the reason ________ I choose to stick to my dream. 6．I like reading English novels. They can improve my vocabulary and writing ability.（合并定语从句） →I like reading English novels ________ can improve my vocabulary and writing ability. 7．The girl is my best friend. She won first prize in the English competition.（合并定语从句） →The girl ________ won first prize in the English competition is my best friend. 8．I miss the days. I studied hard and lived happily with my classmates in those days.（合并定语从句） →I miss the days ________ I studied hard and lived happily with my classmates. 9．This is the school. I have studied and grown up happily in this school for three years.（合并定语从句） →This is the school ________ I have studied and grown up happily for three years. 10．We live in a time. Everyone is required to learn to cooperate with others in this time.（合并定语从句） →We live in a time ________ everyone is required to learn to cooperate with others. 二、完成句子 11．The book ________ (我昨天买的) is full of useful knowledge about traditional culture. 12．I appreciate the teachers ________ (给予我指导和鼓励的) in my senior high school life. 13．We will always cherish the years ________ (我们一起学习和奋斗的). 14．This is the park ________ (我们周末常去的) to relax and enjoy natural scenery. 15．The failure, ________ (让我倍感失落), teaches me to value every chance. 16．My English teacher, ________ (总是鼓励我不要放弃), is very popular among students. 17．I’d like to visit the village ________ (我爷爷曾经生活过的) next summer holiday. 18．This is the best method ________ (我曾经尝试过的) to improve my English writing skills. 19．We should respect the people ________ (从不轻易放弃的) and keep fighting for their dreams. 20．Many teenagers like reading short stories, ________ (能帮助他们放松身心) after study. 三、英汉互译 21．那些坚持努力的人终会收获属于自己的成功与成长。（who引导定语从句）（汉译英） 22．我永远铭记那些陪伴我、鼓励我的家人与朋友。（that定语从句）（汉译英） 23．阅读是一种能拓宽视野、丰富内心世界的绝佳方式。（which定语从句）（汉译英） 24．我十分怀念我们在校园里并肩前行、共同进步的时光。（when定语从句）（汉译英） 25．他乐于助人的品质让他收获了身边所有人的认可与喜爱。（whose定语从句）（汉译英） 26．我们应该珍惜那些在困境中始终陪伴我们、给予我们力量的朋友。（who定语从句）（汉译英） 27．这本书讲述了许多能激励青少年勇敢追梦、不断成长的真实故事。（that定语从句）（汉译英） 28．我永远不会忘记我们一起努力学习、为梦想奋斗的那段美好时光。（when定语从句）（汉译英） 29．这是一所重视学生全面发展、注重培养创新能力的优秀高中。（which定语从句）（汉译英） 30．每个人都有需要他人理解、支持与鼓励的重要人生时刻。（where定语从句）（汉译英） 短文语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空格处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号中单词的正确形式. A When he was 6 years old, Tom Sinclair wandered away from his family’s campsite on Lake Superior to join the other children who liked to play on the rocky shoreline. He walked for a long while, but failed 1 (find) their campground. “ 2 (obvious), I was lost,” Sinclair recalled years later. “But I told 3 (I) that they couldn’t have hidden a whole campground. So I kept walking until I could not see any person 4 sight.” But the campground never appeared. When he finally could not go one step 5 (far), he found a place 6 could protect him from the wind. All of a sudden, he was alone and felt 7 (frighten) in the dark. Late in the night, he heard a voice behind him. “I heard someone say, ‘Tom, is that you?’” Sinclair said. “I turned around, and there was one of the 8 (rescuer)!” Today, at 66, Sinclair still has the news report about his rescue: “Boy Found on Lake Superior.” When he 9 (look) back on that day, which he has done often over the years, he believes that 10 guy may have saved his life. B The Bank of China has promised at least 10 billion yuan 1 (create) a huge panda protection park in south-west Sichuan province, according to the Chinese Forestry Ministry (林业部). The national bank in Sichuan signed 2 agreement with the provincial government to finance the national park’s construction until 2023. The park aims to support the local economy while 3 (provide) the endangered animals with a safe area 4 they can meet other pandas to enrich their gene pool (基因库). The ministry said the park would cover 2 million hectares (公顷), making 5 twice the size of Yellowstone national park in America. Zhang Weichao, a Sichuan official who participated in the park planning, 6 (tell) China Daily that this would help reduce poverty among the 170,000 people 7 (live) in that area. Plans for the park 8 (make) in January last year, China Daily reported. Unique 9 China, giant pandas are China’s unofficial national mascot (吉祥物) and live 10 (main) in the Sichuan mountains, with some in neighboring Gansu and Shaanxi provinces. An estimated 1,864 live in the wild. Another 300 live in cages. 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 暑假作业10 定语从句 一、定义 定语从句是修饰主句中名词或代词（先行词）的从句，相当于形容词功能，分为限制性与非限制性定语从句，是高考语法填空、改错、长难句分析、书面表达核心高频考点。 二、基本用法 1. 核心构成：定语从句由先行词+关系词+从句构成，关系词指代先行词，在从句中充当成分，不可省略。 2. 关系代词用法：who/whom指代人，which指代物，that可指人或物，whose表所属关系（人/物的），在从句作主、宾、定语。 3. 关系副词用法：when表时间、where表地点、why表原因，在从句中只作状语，从句主干成分完整，是高频解题特征。 4. 限制性定语从句：无逗号分隔，紧密修饰先行词，不可随意拆分，缺失会影响句意完整，高考考查最多。 5. 非限制性定语从句：有逗号与主句隔开，起补充说明作用，that不适用，常用which/who，可指代整句话内容。 6. 只能用that的情况：先行词被最高级、序数词、不定代词修饰；先行词既有人又有物；先行词被all、no、every等词修饰。 7. 只能用which的情况：介词后、逗号后的非限制性定语从句、先行词为事物且处于特殊句式中，不可用that替换。 8. 介词+关系代词结构：介词可根据先行词搭配、从句固定搭配、句意逻辑判断，是高考难点与写作高分结构。 9. 高频易错点：关系词成分判断（缺主宾用代词、完整用副词）；whose万能所属；非限制性从句不使用that。 一、单项选择 1．This is the beautiful park ________ I enjoyed peaceful moments with my best friends in my youth. A．where B．that C．which D．when 【答案】A 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这就是我年少时与挚友共度静谧时光的那座美丽公园。先行词表地点，从句成分完整，用where。故选A。 2．This is the exact library ________ I spent lots of time reading books in my childhood. A．where B．that C．which D．when 【答案】A 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这就是我童年时常花大量时间读书的那座图书馆。先行词表地点，从句成分完整，用where。故选A。 3．The novel ________ I borrowed from the school library is extremely inspiring and meaningful. A．what B．where C．which D．when 【答案】C 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我从学校图书馆借的这本小说极具启发性且意义深远。先行词指物，从句缺宾语，用which。故选C。 4．We all admire the student ________ handwriting is neat and beautiful in our grade. A．who B．whom C．whose D．which 【答案】C 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们都佩服年级里这位字迹工整优美的同学。whose表所属，修饰handwriting，作定语。故选C。 5．I will never forget the days ________ we studied and grew up together in senior high. A．when B．where C．that D．which 【答案】A 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我永远不会忘记我们高中一同学习成长的那些日子。先行词表时间，从句完整，用when。故选A。 6．This is the best movie ________ I have ever watched during my summer vacation. A．which B．that C．what D．when 【答案】B 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这是我暑假期间看过的最精彩的一部电影。先行词被最高级修饰，只能用that。故选B。 7．The reason ________ he was late for school is that he missed the early bus. A．why B．that C．which D．when 【答案】A 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他上学迟到的原因是他错过了早班车。先行词表原因，从句完整，用why。故选A。 8．The bike ________ he bought last month was stolen on the street yesterday afternoon. A．when B．what C．which D．where 【答案】C 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他上个月购置的那辆自行车昨天下午在街上被偷了。先行词指物，从句缺宾语，用which。故选C。 9．Anyone ________ breaks the school rules will receive corresponding punishment properly. A．which B．who C．whom D．whose 【答案】B 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：任何违反校规的人都会受到相应的合理处罚。先行词为anyone指人，从句缺主语，用who。故选B。 10．The park, ________ we often take a walk, is full of fresh air and beautiful scenery. A．where B．which C．that D．when 【答案】A 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：我们常散步的这座公园空气清新、景色优美。先行词表地点，从句完整，用where。故选A。 11．All ________ we need to do is to keep working hard and sticking to our dreams. A．which B．that C．what D．when 【答案】B 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们需要做的所有事就是坚持努力、坚守梦想。先行词为all，只能用that。故选B。 12．The man ________ we met at the party is a famous professor from a key university. A．which B．what C．whom D．whose 【答案】C 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们在聚会上遇见的那位男士是名校知名教授。先行词指人，从句缺宾语，用whom。故选C。 13．He failed the exam, ________ made his parents feel quite disappointed and upset. A．that B．which C．what D．when 【答案】B 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：他考试失利，这让他的父母倍感失望难过。which指代前文整件事。故选B。 14．I still remember the moment ________ I received my admission letter of high school. A．when B．where C．that D．which 【答案】A 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我依旧记得收到高中录取通知书的那一刻。先行词表时间，从句完整，用when。故选A。 15．The house ________ windows face south is warm and bright all year round. A．which B．that C．whose D．where 【答案】C 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：窗户朝南的这栋房子一年四季温暖明亮。whose修饰windows表所属关系。故选C。 二、单句语法填空 16. The student ________ helps others willingly is popular among teachers and classmates. 【答案】who/that 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这位乐于助人的学生深受老师和同学们的喜爱。先行词指人，从句缺主语，可用who/that。故填who/that。 17. This is the small village ________ my grandparents have lived for many years. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这就是我的祖父母居住多年的小村庄。先行词表地点，从句成分完整，用where。故填where。 18. The story ________ he told us yesterday is very touching and educational. 【答案】that/which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他昨天给我们讲的这个故事十分感人且富有教育意义。先行词指物，从句缺宾语，用that/which。故填that/which。 19. We admire the writer ________ works have influenced countless young readers. 【答案】whose 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们敬佩这位作品影响了无数青年读者的作家。whose修饰名词works表所属。故填whose。 20. I cherish the time ________ I stay with my family members on weekends. 【答案】when 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我十分珍惜周末和家人相伴的时光。先行词表时间，从句完整，用when。故填when。 21. The reason ________ she gave up the competition is unknown to all of us. 【答案】why 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：她放弃这次比赛的原因我们所有人都不清楚。先行词表原因，从句完整，用why。故填why。 22. This is the most meaningful activity ________ I have taken part in at school. 【答案】that 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这是我在校期间参加过的最有意义的活动。先行词被最高级修饰，只能用that。故填that。 23. The book ________ cover is blue contains plenty of useful learning knowledge. 【答案】whose 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这本蓝色封面的书籍包含大量实用的学习知识。whose修饰cover表书籍的所属。故填whose。 24. The old man, ________ we helped yesterday, thanked us warmly again and again. 【答案】whom 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：我们昨天帮助的那位老人再三热情地感谢我们。先行词指人，从句缺宾语，用whom。故填whom。 25. Everything ________ we learn in school will benefit our future life and growth. 【答案】that 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们在学校学到的一切知识都将有益于未来的生活与成长。先行词为不定代词，只能用that。故填that。 26. The factory ________ my father works produces various daily necessities. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我父亲工作的这家工厂生产各类日常生活用品。先行词表地点，从句完整，用where。故填where。 27. The decision ________ our head teacher made is suitable for our class. 【答案】that/which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：班主任做出的这个决定十分适合我们班。先行词指物，从句缺宾语，用that/which。故填that/which。 28. He won the first prize, ________ surprised all his teachers and classmates a lot. 【答案】which 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：他拿下一等奖，这让所有师生都倍感意外。which指代整件事，引导非限制性从句。故填which。 29. I will never forget the people and things ________ appear in my high school life. 【答案】that 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我永远不会忘记高中生活中出现的人和事。先行词既有人又有物，只能用that。故填that。 30. The season ________ I like best is spring because of its warm weather. 【答案】that/which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我最喜欢的季节是春天，因为它气候温暖舒适。先行词指物，从句缺宾语，用that/which。故填that/which。 31. I’d like to recommend the movie *The Wandering Earth*, ______ is popular with Chinese teenagers. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。先行词为movie，指代事物，非限制性定语从句作主语用which。故填which。 32. The girl ______ you talked with at the party is good at writing English compositions. 【答案】who/whom/that 【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是人，从句中介词with缺宾语，可用who/whom/that。故填who/whom/that。 33. I still remember the year ______ I first took part in the school English speech contest. 【答案】when 【解析】考查定语从句。先行词为时间year，从句不缺主干成分，用关系副词when作状语。故填when。 34. This is the very book ______ can help you improve your writing skills quickly. 【答案】that 【解析】考查定语从句。先行词被the very修饰，指物且作主语，关系词只能用that。故填that。 35. The school ______ I study has set up many courses to develop students’ overall abilities. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是地点school，从句完整，用关系副词where作地点状语。故填where。 一、句型转换 1．We visited a museum. The museum displays ancient cultural relics.（合并定语从句） →We visited a museum ________ displays ancient cultural relics. 【答案】which/that 【解析】考查定语从句合并句子。句意：我们参观了一座展示古代文物的博物馆。先行词指物，从句缺主语，用which/that。故填which/that。 2．I remember the day. I joined the school football team on the day.（合并定语从句） →I remember the day ________ I joined the school football team. 【答案】when 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我记得我加入校足球队的那一天。先行词表时间，从句成分完整，用when。故填when。 3．The girl is my deskmate. Her pronunciation is very standard and beautiful.（合并句子） →The girl ________ pronunciation is standard and beautiful is my deskmate. 【答案】whose 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这位发音标准优美的女孩是我的同桌。whose修饰pronunciation表所属关系。故填whose。 4．He missed the train. It made him fail to attend the important meeting.（改为非限制性从句） →He missed the train, ________ made him fail to attend the important meeting. 【答案】which 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：他错过了火车，这使他没能参加那场重要会议。which指代前文整件事。故填which。 5．This is the reason. I choose to stick to my dream for the reason.（合并定语从句） →This is the reason ________ I choose to stick to my dream. 【答案】why 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这就是我选择坚守自己梦想的原因。先行词表原因，从句完整，用why。故填why。 6．I like reading English novels. They can improve my vocabulary and writing ability.（合并定语从句） →I like reading English novels ________ can improve my vocabulary and writing ability. 【答案】that/which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我喜欢读英语小说，它们能提升我的词汇量和写作能力。先行词指物，从句缺主语。故填that/which。 7．The girl is my best friend. She won first prize in the English competition.（合并定语从句） →The girl ________ won first prize in the English competition is my best friend. 【答案】who/that 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：获得英语比赛一等奖的那个女孩是我最好的朋友。先行词指人，从句缺主语。故填who/that。 8．I miss the days. I studied hard and lived happily with my classmates in those days.（合并定语从句） →I miss the days ________ I studied hard and lived happily with my classmates. 【答案】when 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我怀念那些和同学一起努力学习、快乐生活的日子。先行词表时间，从句完整。故填when。 9．This is the school. I have studied and grown up happily in this school for three years.（合并定语从句） →This is the school ________ I have studied and grown up happily for three years. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这就是我学习成长、快乐度过三年时光的学校。先行词表地点，从句完整。故填where。 10．We live in a time. Everyone is required to learn to cooperate with others in this time.（合并定语从句） →We live in a time ________ everyone is required to learn to cooperate with others. 【答案】when 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们生活在一个人人都要学会合作的时代。先行词为time，从句完整。故填when。 二、完成句子 11．The book ________ (我昨天买的) is full of useful knowledge about traditional culture. 【答案】that/which I bought yesterday 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我昨天买的这本书蕴含丰富的传统文化实用知识。先行词为物，从句缺宾语，用that/which引导。故填that/which I bought yesterday。 12．I appreciate the teachers ________ (给予我指导和鼓励的) in my senior high school life. 【答案】who give me guidance and encouragement 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我感恩高中生涯中给予我指导与鼓励的老师们。先行词指人，从句缺主语，用who引导。故填who give me guidance and encouragement。 13．We will always cherish the years ________ (我们一起学习和奋斗的). 【答案】when we study and struggle together 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们会永远珍惜一同学习奋斗的岁月。先行词表时间，从句完整，用when引导。故填when we study and struggle together。 14．This is the park ________ (我们周末常去的) to relax and enjoy natural scenery. 【答案】where we often go on weekends 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这就是我们周末常去放松、欣赏自然风光的公园。先行词表地点，从句完整，用where引导。故填where we often go on weekends。 15．The failure, ________ (让我倍感失落), teaches me to value every chance. 【答案】which makes me feel upset 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：这次让我倍感失落的失败教会我珍惜每一次机会。which指代前文事物，引导补充说明从句。故填which makes me feel upset。 16．My English teacher, ________ (总是鼓励我不要放弃), is very popular among students. 【答案】who always encourages me not to give up 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。先行词指人，从句缺主语，用who引导。故填who always encourages me not to give up。 17．I’d like to visit the village ________ (我爷爷曾经生活过的) next summer holiday. 【答案】where my grandpa once lived 【解析】考查定语从句。先行词表地点，从句完整，用关系副词where作状语。故填where my grandpa once lived。 18．This is the best method ________ (我曾经尝试过的) to improve my English writing skills. 【答案】that I have ever tried 【解析】考查定语从句。先行词被最高级修饰，指物且作宾语，只能用that。故填that I have ever tried。 19．We should respect the people ________ (从不轻易放弃的) and keep fighting for their dreams. 【答案】who never give up easily 【解析】考查定语从句。先行词指人，从句缺主语，用who/that引导。故填who never give up easily。 20．Many teenagers like reading short stories, ________ (能帮助他们放松身心) after study. 【答案】which can help them relax themselves 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。which指代前文整件事或事物，作从句主语。故填which can help them relax themselves。 三、英汉互译 21．那些坚持努力的人终会收获属于自己的成功与成长。（who引导定语从句）（汉译英） 【答案】Those who keep working hard will finally gain their own success and growth. 【解析】考查who引导定语从句。先行词为指人代词those，从句修饰主语，是高考写作高频句型。故译为：Those who keep working hard will finally gain their own success and growth. 22．我永远铭记那些陪伴我、鼓励我的家人与朋友。（that定语从句）（汉译英） 【答案】I will always remember my family and friends that accompany and encourage me. 【解析】考查that引导定语从句。先行词既有人又有物，只能用that，适配高考写作场景。故译为：I will always remember my family and friends that accompany and encourage me. 23．阅读是一种能拓宽视野、丰富内心世界的绝佳方式。（which定语从句）（汉译英） 【答案】Reading is an excellent way which can broaden horizons and enrich our inner world. 【解析】考查which引导定语从句。先行词为事物，从句作后置定语，句式高级适配写作。故译为：Reading is an excellent way which can broaden horizons and enrich our inner world. 24．我十分怀念我们在校园里并肩前行、共同进步的时光。（when定语从句）（汉译英） 【答案】I miss the days when we moved forward and made progress together on campus. 【解析】考查when引导定语从句。先行词表时间，从句成分完整，用when作时间状语。故译为：I miss the days when we moved forward and made progress together on campus. 25．他乐于助人的品质让他收获了身边所有人的认可与喜爱。（whose定语从句）（汉译英） 【答案】He is a person whose willingness to help others wins recognition and love from others. 【解析】考查whose引导定语从句。whose表所属关系，修饰先行词，是写作加分结构。故译为：He is a person whose willingness to help others wins recognition and love from others. 26．我们应该珍惜那些在困境中始终陪伴我们、给予我们力量的朋友。（who定语从句）（汉译英） 【答案】We should cherish friends who always stay with us and give us strength in difficult times. 【解析】考查who引导定语从句。who指代人，在从句中作主语，适用于人物描写类写作。故译为：We should cherish friends who always stay with us and give us strength in difficult times. 27．这本书讲述了许多能激励青少年勇敢追梦、不断成长的真实故事。（that定语从句）（汉译英） 【答案】This book tells many true stories that can inspire teenagers to pursue dreams bravely and grow continuously. 【解析】考查that引导定语从句。that指代事物，在从句中作主语，常用于事物介绍类句式。故译为：This book tells many true stories that can inspire teenagers to pursue dreams bravely and grow continuously. 28．我永远不会忘记我们一起努力学习、为梦想奋斗的那段美好时光。（when定语从句）（汉译英） 【答案】I will never forget the wonderful time when we studied hard and fought for our dreams together. 【解析】考查when引导定语从句。when表时间，在从句中作状语，常用于回忆与经历类写作。故译为：I will never forget the wonderful time when we studied hard and fought for our dreams together. 29．这是一所重视学生全面发展、注重培养创新能力的优秀高中。（which定语从句）（汉译英） 【答案】This is an excellent high school which values students' all-round development and focuses on developing creativity. 【解析】考查which引导定语从句。which指代事物，在从句中作主语，适合校园与环境话题写作。故译为：This is an excellent high school which values students' all-round development and focuses on developing creativity. 30．每个人都有需要他人理解、支持与鼓励的重要人生时刻。（where定语从句）（汉译英） 【答案】Everyone has important moments in life where they need understanding, support and encouragement from others. 【解析】考查where引导定语从句。where表抽象场合、阶段，在从句中作状语，为高考高级表达。故译为：Everyone has important moments in life where they need understanding, support and encouragement from others. 短文语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空格处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号中单词的正确形式. A When he was 6 years old, Tom Sinclair wandered away from his family’s campsite on Lake Superior to join the other children who liked to play on the rocky shoreline. He walked for a long while, but failed 1 (find) their campground. “ 2 (obvious), I was lost,” Sinclair recalled years later. “But I told 3 (I) that they couldn’t have hidden a whole campground. So I kept walking until I could not see any person 4 sight.” But the campground never appeared. When he finally could not go one step 5 (far), he found a place 6 could protect him from the wind. All of a sudden, he was alone and felt 7 (frighten) in the dark. Late in the night, he heard a voice behind him. “I heard someone say, ‘Tom, is that you?’” Sinclair said. “I turned around, and there was one of the 8 (rescuer)!” Today, at 66, Sinclair still has the news report about his rescue: “Boy Found on Lake Superior.” When he 9 (look) back on that day, which he has done often over the years, he believes that 10 guy may have saved his life. 【答案】 1．to find 2．Obviously 3．myself 4．in 5．further/farther 6．that/which 7．frightened 8．rescuers 9．looks 10．the 【导语】文章讲述了Tom Sinclair六岁时在苏必利尔湖边露营时迷路、最终被救援人员找到的经历，以及他多年后对此事的深刻回忆。 1．to find 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他走了很久，但没能找到他们的露营地。fail to do sth.为固定搭配，不定式作宾语，表未能完成某事。故填to find。 2．Obviously 【解析】考查副词。句意：“显然，我迷路了，”Sinclair多年后回忆道。副词修饰整个句子，句首单词首字母需大写。故填Obviously。 3．myself 【解析】考查代词。句意：但我告诉自己，他们不可能把整个露营地藏起来。动作实施者与承受者为同一人，用反身代词作宾语。故填myself。 4．in 【解析】考查介词。句意：所以我一直走，直到看不见任何人影。固定搭配in sight意为“在视野内、看得见”，符合语境。故填in。 5．further/farther 【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意：当他最终一步也走不动时，他找到了一个可以避风的地方。此处表示无法走更远的距离，用far的比较级形式。故填further/farther。 6．that/which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：当他最终一步也走不动时，他找到了一个可以避风的地方。先行词为指物名词place，关系词在从句中作主语。故填that/which。 7．frightened 【解析】考查形容词。句意：突然间，他孤身一人，在黑暗中感到害怕。空处作表语，修饰人主观感受，用-ed形式形容词。故填frightened。 8．rescuers 【解析】考查名词复数。句意：“我转过身，发现是其中一位救援人员！”one of后接可数名词复数，为固定结构。故填rescuers。 9．looks 【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：当他回顾那一天（这些年来他经常这么做）时，他相信那个人可能救了他的命。描述习惯性动作，用一般现在时，主语为单数，谓语用三单形式。故填looks。 10．the 【解析】考查冠词。句意：当他回顾那一天（这些年来他经常这么做）时，他相信那个人可能救了他的命。此处特指上文提及的救援人员，用定冠词表特指。故填the。 B The Bank of China has promised at least 10 billion yuan 1 (create) a huge panda protection park in south-west Sichuan province, according to the Chinese Forestry Ministry (林业部). The national bank in Sichuan signed 2 agreement with the provincial government to finance the national park’s construction until 2023. The park aims to support the local economy while 3 (provide) the endangered animals with a safe area 4 they can meet other pandas to enrich their gene pool (基因库). The ministry said the park would cover 2 million hectares (公顷), making 5 twice the size of Yellowstone national park in America. Zhang Weichao, a Sichuan official who participated in the park planning, 6 (tell) China Daily that this would help reduce poverty among the 170,000 people 7 (live) in that area. Plans for the park 8 (make) in January last year, China Daily reported. Unique 9 China, giant pandas are China’s unofficial national mascot (吉祥物) and live 10 (main) in the Sichuan mountains, with some in neighboring Gansu and Shaanxi provinces. An estimated 1,864 live in the wild. Another 300 live in cages. 【答案】 1．to create 2．an 3．providing 4．where 5．it 6．told 7．living 8．were made 9．to 10．mainly 【导语】本文讲述中国银行出资修建四川大熊猫国家公园，园区占地广阔，兼具生态保护与扶贫作用，熊猫多栖息于川地，野生与圈养数量明确。 1．to create 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国银行已承诺出资至少100亿元人民币，在四川省西南部建设一个大型大熊猫保护园区。此处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填to create。 2．an 【解析】考查冠词。句意：这家国有银行四川分行与四川省政府签署了一份协议。agreement为可数名词单数，表泛指且以元音音素开头。故填an。 3．providing 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：该公园旨在促进当地经济发展，同时为濒危动物提供一个安全的栖息地。主语park与provide为主动关系，用现在分词作伴随状语。故填providing。 4．where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：该公园为濒危动物提供一个安全的栖息地，使它们能够与其他大熊猫相遇。先行词为area，关系词在从句中作地点状语。故填where。 5．it 【解析】考查代词。句意：该部门表示，这个公园的面积将达到200万公顷。此处指代上文提到的park，作主语。故填it。 6．said 【解析】考查时态。句意：四川官员张伟超对《中国日报》表示。根据语境及从句时态，事情发生在过去，用一般过去时。故填said。 7．living 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：此举将有助于减少该地区17万居民中的贫困状况。people与live为主动关系，用现在分词作后置定语。故填living。 8．were made 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：据《中国日报》报道，该公园的规划是在去年1月制定的。主语plans与make为被动关系，last year为一般过去时标志，主语为复数。故填were made。 9．to 【解析】考查介词。句意：在中国，大熊猫是独一无二的特色动物。固定短语unique to表示“为……所特有”。故填to。 10．mainly 【解析】考查副词。句意：它主要生活在四川的山区。修饰动词live，应用副词形式。故填mainly。 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $