暑假作业12 Unit6 At One with Nature词汇与阅读（巩固培优）高一英语外研版

**基本信息** 以“与自然和谐共处”主题为统领，构建“词汇-句型-语篇”三维训练体系，融合构词法、长难句分析及高考题型解题技巧，实现语言能力与文化意识的协同提升。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |核心词汇|59词（含45高频词）|构词法（前缀/后缀）、搭配记忆（如in harmony with）|按自然景观、环保等场景分类，链接高考高频词多义性与词性转换| |核心句型|7个长难句|句子成分划分、仿写模板（如“介词+关系代词”定语从句）|从简单句过渡到复合句，适配自然主题语篇场景| |阅读理解|5篇（含环保、自然探索）|细节理解、推理判断技巧|贴合高考题型，强化自然主题语篇逻辑分析能力|

完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业12 Unit6 At One with Nature词汇与阅读 1、 核心基础信息 必修第一册Unit6 At One with Nature核心基础信息 模块 核心内容 初升高衔接重点 学习目标 教材对应板块 难度等级 单元主题 At one with nature（与自然和谐共处），围绕自然景观探索、人与自然的关系、环境保护、户外旅行与探险展开，是高一上学期必修一的收官单元，融合了自然科普、文化意识与语言综合运用 从初中简单的自然场景描述，到高中复杂的自然景观描写、环保类议论文写作、长难句分析与语篇理解的过渡 掌握单元核心词汇、句型、语法，能完成自然景观描述、环保类主题的写作与口语表达，理解人与自然和谐共处的文化内涵 Starting out, Understanding ideas ★★★★☆ 核心词汇 高频核心词45个，拓展词80个，覆盖自然景观、环境保护、户外探险、人与自然关系四大核心场景，包含高考高频核心词与词形变化 构词法拓展词汇，前缀/后缀记忆法，解决高中词汇量激增的难点，掌握高考高频词的多义性与固定搭配 能熟练拼写、运用核心词汇，掌握前缀、后缀、词根等构词法，能在语境中正确运用词汇的不同词性与含义 Vocabulary, Using language ★★★★☆ 核心句型 单元核心句型15个，覆盖定语从句（介词+关系代词）、非谓语动词、现在完成进行时、倒装句、强调句、状语从句等高中核心句型，贴合单元自然主题的语篇场景 从初中简单句到高中复合句的过渡，长难句句子成分划分方法，掌握高考高频核心句型的结构与仿写规则 能识别、分析长难句结构，能熟练仿写、运用核心句型完成写作与口语表达，能在语篇中准确理解句型的含义 Understanding ideas, Using language ★★★★★ 核心语法 单元核心语法5大项，包含定语从句（介词+关系代词）、非谓语动词（现在分词作状语）、现在完成进行时、主谓一致、倒装句，是高一上学期核心语法的收官与综合运用 初三基础语法的巩固与高一进阶语法的衔接，解决高中长难句分析的核心痛点，掌握高考高频语法考点的综合运用规则 能熟练掌握核心语法的规则，能在语篇中正确识别、运用语法知识，能完成语法填空、句子改写等题型，能在写作中正确运用语法知识 Grammar, Using language ★★★★★ 课文理解 单元2篇主课文《The Lake of Heaven》（天池之美）、《Journey through the Amazon》（亚马逊之旅），配套4篇辅助语篇，覆盖自然科普、旅行游记、环保主题三大类语篇类型 从初中简单的记叙文阅读，到高中复杂的游记、科普类语篇的理解，掌握长难句分析、语篇主旨归纳、细节理解、推理判断等高考阅读核心题型的解题方法 能准确理解课文主旨与段落大意，能分析长难句结构，能掌握高考阅读核心题型的解题技巧，能积累语篇中的核心词汇与句型 Understanding ideas, Developing ideas ★★★★☆ 写作能力 单元核心写作话题为「自然景观描述」「环保类议论文」「旅行游记」，适配高一英语100-150词写作要求，覆盖高考英语写作核心题型 从初中简单的记叙文写作，到高中夹叙夹议文、议论文的过渡，写作句型升级、篇章结构优化，掌握高考英语写作的评分标准与高分技巧 能完成自然景观描述、旅行游记的写作，能写出结构完整、逻辑清晰的环保类议论文，能在写作中正确运用单元核心词汇、句型与语法知识 Presenting ideas, Using language ★★★★☆ 听说能力 单元核心听说话题为「自然景观描述」「户外旅行计划与分享」「环保话题讨论」，适配高一英语听说考试要求，覆盖高考英语听说核心题型 从初中简单的日常对话，到高中复杂的话题讨论、观点表达的过渡，掌握听力长对话、独白的理解技巧，口语表达的逻辑与流利度提升方法 能听懂自然主题的长对话与独白，能准确获取听力中的关键信息，能流利完成自然景观、旅行、环保话题的口语表达与讨论 Starting out, Listening and speaking ★★★☆☆ 文化意识 单元核心文化主题为「人与自然和谐共处的中西方文化差异」「世界自然遗产与环保文化」「户外探险与自然保护的平衡」，贴合高中英语核心素养要求 从初中简单的文化常识积累，到高中跨文化对比、文化内涵理解的过渡，掌握高考英语阅读、写作中的文化背景知识 了解中西方自然观的差异，理解人与自然和谐共处的文化内涵，能在跨文化交流中正确表达相关观点，能积累相关文化背景知识 Understanding ideas, Developing ideas, Culture corner ★★★☆☆ 2、 核心词汇 必修第一册Unit6核心词汇 序号 单词 音标 词性 中文释义 核心考点提示 1 wrap /ræp/ v. 包，裹 高考高频动词，核心搭配：wrap sth. in sth. 用某物包裹某物，是场景描写高频词 2 sheet /ʃiːt/ n. （冰或水等的）一大片 高考高频名词，核心搭配：a sheet of water 一片水域，是自然场景描写高频词 3 frost /frɒst/ n. 霜 高考核心名词，自然场景高频词，核心搭配：frost on the ground 地上的霜 4 terrace /'terɪs/ n. 梯田 高考核心名词，本单元主题核心词，核心搭配：rice terraces 水稻梯田 5 dynasty /'dɪnəsti/ n. 朝代 高考核心名词，历史文化类高频词，核心搭配：ancient dynasties 古代朝代 6 completion /kəm'pliːʃ(ə)n/ n. 完成，结束 高考核心名词，核心搭配：the completion of sth. 某物的完工，注意词性转换：complete v. 完成 7 region /'riːdʒ(ə)n/ n. 地区，区域 高考核心名词，地理类高频词，核心搭配：a mountainous region 山区 8 therefore /'ðeəfɔː/ adv. 因此，由此 高考高频副词，议论文 / 说明文逻辑连接核心词，常用于句首 / 句中表因果 9 steep /stiːp/ adj. 陡的，陡峭的 高考高频形容词，自然场景描写核心词，核心搭配：steep mountains 陡峭的山 10 soil /sɔɪl/ n. 土壤 高考核心名词，农业 / 自然类高频词，核心搭配：rich soil 肥沃的土壤 11 shallow /'ʃæləʊ/ adj. 浅的 高考高频形容词，自然场景描写核心词，核心搭配：shallow soil 浅层土壤；shallow water 浅水 12 prevent /prɪ'vent/ v. 阻挡，防止 高考核心动词，核心搭配：prevent...from doing sth. 防止…… 做某事，是高考高频核心搭配 13 harmony /'hɑːməni/ n. 融洽相处，和谐 高考核心名词，本单元主题核心词，核心搭配：in harmony with 与…… 和谐相处，注意词性转换：harmonious adj. 和谐的 14 design /dɪ'zaɪn/ v. 设计 高考核心动词 / 名词，核心搭配：design sth. 设计某物；a new design 新设计 15 vapour /'veɪpə/ n. 蒸气 高考核心名词，自然科学类高频词，核心搭配：water vapour 水蒸气 16 harm /hɑːm/ v. 伤害，损害 高考核心动词 / 名词，核心搭配：harm sth./sb. 伤害某物 / 某人；do harm to 对…… 有害，注意词性转换：harmful adj. 有害的 17 crop /krɒp/ n. 庄稼，作物 高考核心名词，农业类高频词，核心搭配：rice crops 水稻作物 18 agriculture /'ægrɪkʌltʃə/ n. 农业 高考核心名词，本单元核心场景词，核心搭配：ancient agriculture 古代农业，注意词性转换：agricultural adj. 农业的 19 replace /rɪ'pleɪs/ v. 以…… 替换，更换 高考核心动词，核心搭配：replace A with B 用 B 替换 A，是高考高频核心搭配 20 material /mə'tɪəriəl/ n. 材料 高考核心名词，核心搭配：building materials 建筑材料，是说明文高频词 21 mineral /'mɪn(ə)rəl/ n. 矿物，矿产 高考核心名词，地理 / 自然科学类高频词，核心搭配：mineral resources 矿产资源 22 consumer /kən'sjuːmə/ n. 消费者 高考核心名词，社会生活类高频词，核心搭配：consumer rights 消费者权益 23 priority /praɪ'ɒrəti/ n. 优先处理的事，当务之急 高考核心名词，核心搭配：a top priority 头等大事，是议论文高频词 24 beauty /'bjuːti/ n. 美，美丽 高考核心名词，核心搭配：the beauty of nature 自然之美，注意词性转换：beautiful adj. 美丽的 25 barrier /'bæriə/ n. 障碍，壁垒 高考核心名词，核心搭配：a barrier to sth. 某事的障碍，是议论文高频词 26 reef /riːf/ n. 礁 高考核心名词，自然地理类高频词，核心搭配：coral reefs 珊瑚礁 27 structure /'strʌktʃə/ n. 结构，构造，组织 高考核心名词，核心搭配：the structure of sth. 某物的结构，是说明文高频词 28 living /'lɪvɪŋ/ adj. 活的，活着的 高考高频形容词，核心搭配：living things 生物，是自然科学类高频词 29 organism /'ɔːgənɪz(ə)m/ n. 生物，有机体 高考核心名词，自然科学类高频词，核心搭配：living organisms 活的有机体 30 observatory /əb'zɜːvət(ə)ri/ n. 天文台，观象台 高考核心名词，自然科学类高频词，核心搭配：an astronomical observatory 天文台 31 basin /'beɪs(ə)n/ n. 盆地，低洼地 高考核心名词，地理类高频词，核心搭配：a river basin 河流盆地 32 grand /grænd/ adj. 宏伟的，壮丽的 高考高频形容词，核心搭配：grand mountains 壮丽的山脉，是场景描写高频词 33 canyon /'kænjən/ n. 峡谷 高考核心名词，自然地理类高频词，核心搭配：the Grand Canyon 科罗拉多大峡谷 34 valley /'væli/ n. 谷，山谷 高考核心名词，自然地理类高频词，核心搭配：a mountain valley 山谷 35 narrow /'nærəʊ/ adj. 狭窄的，不宽的 高考高频形容词，核心搭配：a narrow valley 狭窄的山谷，注意词性转换：narrow v. 变窄 36 platform /'plætfɔːm/ n. 高台，平台 高考核心名词，核心搭配：a mountain platform 山间平台 37 waterfall /'wɔːtəfɔːl/ n. 瀑布 高考核心名词，自然场景高频词，核心搭配：a beautiful waterfall 美丽的瀑布 38 thunder /'θʌndə/ v. 打雷 高考核心动词 / 名词，核心搭配：It is thundering. 正在打雷；a loud thunder 一声巨雷 39 channel /'tʃænl/ n. 海峡 高考核心名词，地理类高频词，核心搭配：the English Channel 英吉利海峡 40 tunnel /'tʌnl/ n. 隧道 高考核心名词，核心搭配：a mountain tunnel 穿山隧道 41 camel /'kæm(ə)l/ n. 骆驼 高考核心名词，动物类高频词，核心搭配：a camel in the desert 沙漠中的骆驼 42 desert /'dezət/ n. 沙漠，荒漠 高考核心名词，地理类高频词，核心搭配：the Sahara Desert 撒哈拉沙漠 43 sail /seɪl/ v. （乘船）航行 高考核心动词 / 名词，核心搭配：sail across the sea 航行过海；set sail 起航 44 climate /'klaɪmət/ n. 气候 高考核心名词，地理类高频词，核心搭配：a warm climate 温暖的气候 45 inside /ɪn'saɪd/ adv. 在（建筑物、房间）内 高考高频副词 / 介词，核心搭配：inside the house 在房子里 46 publish /'pʌblɪʃ/ v. 出版 高考核心动词，核心搭配：publish a book 出版一本书，注意词性转换：publication n. 出版 47 sunflower /'sʌnflaʊə/ n. 向日葵 高考核心名词，植物类高频词，核心搭配：a field of sunflowers 一片向日葵花田 48 expert /'ekspɜːt/ adj. 内行的，专家的 高考高频形容词 / 名词，核心搭配：an expert gardener 专业的园丁；an expert in sth. 某方面的专家 49 branch /brɑːntʃ/ n. 树枝 高考核心名词，核心搭配：a tree branch 树枝 50 rent /rent/ v. 租用，租借 高考核心动词 / 名词，核心搭配：rent a piece of land 租一块地；pay the rent 付租金 51 rooftop /'ruːftɒp/ n. 屋顶 高考核心名词，核心搭配：on the rooftop 在屋顶上 52 thistle /'θɪs(ə)l/ n. 蓟 高考核心名词，植物类高频词，是本单元课文引用的核心词汇 53 limited /'lɪmɪtɪd/ adj. 有限的 高考高频形容词，核心搭配：limited space 有限的空间，注意词性转换：limit v./n. 限制 54 benefit /'benɪfɪt/ n. 好处，益处 高考核心名词 / 动词，核心搭配：the benefits of sth. 某物的好处；benefit from 从…… 中受益，是高考高频核心词 55 herb /hɜːb/ n. （用于调味）香草 高考核心名词，核心搭配：cooking herbs 烹饪用香草 56 pleasant /'plez(ə)nt/ adj. 令人愉快的 高考高频形容词，核心搭配：a pleasant smell 宜人的气味，注意词性转换：please v. 使愉快；pleasure n. 愉快 57 flavour /'fleɪvə/ n. 味，味道 高考核心名词，核心搭配：a nice flavour 好味道，注意词性转换：flavourful adj. 有味道的 58 energy /'enədʒi/ n. 力量，活力 高考核心名词，核心搭配：full of energy 充满活力，是高考高频核心词 59 system /'sɪstəm/ n. 系统 高考核心名词，核心搭配：a growing system 种植系统，是说明文高频词 3、 核心短语与固定搭配 必修第一册Unit6核心短语与固定搭配 序号 短语/固定搭配 中文释义 课文适配例句 1 be covered in 被…… 覆盖 Imagine mountains wrapped in silver water, shining in the spring sun.（同义替换：Imagine that in spring the mountains are covered by strips of water） 2 be home to 是…… 的家园，为…… 的所在地 These terraces were built by the local Zhuang and Yao people, to whom Guangxi is home. 3 from the bottom to the very top 从底部到最顶端 The terraces are built on the slopes that rise up from the river to the top of the mountains.（同义替换：from the bottom to the very top of the mountains） 4 go to the trouble to do 费心做某事，特意做某事 So why did these people go to so much trouble to turn the entire mountains into terraces? 5 turn... into 把…… 变成 So why did these people go to so much trouble to turn the entire mountains into terraces? 6 plenty of 大量的，充足的 Secondly, although the region has plenty of rain, the mountains are steep and the soil is shallow. 7 prevent... from 防止…… 做某事 The flat terraces catch the rainwater and prevent the soil from being washed away. 8 wash away 冲走，冲掉 The flat terraces catch the rainwater and prevent the soil from being washed away. 9 in harmony with 与…… 和谐相处 The terraces are a perfect example of how people can live in harmony with nature. 10 provide... for 为…… 提供 The terraces provide a perfect living environment for many plants and animals. 11 pass down 传承，流传 The knowledge of terrace building has been passed down from generation to generation. 12 enter... into a competition 参加…… 比赛 Many gardeners enter their best plants into the national gardening competition. 13 lead to 导致，引起 But in cities, limited space has led to people looking for new solutions. 14 free-time activity 业余活动，休闲活动 What other free-time activity allows you to be at one with nature and create more beautiful living things? 15 allow... to do 允许…… 做某事 What other free-time activity allows you to be at one with nature and create more beautiful living things? 16 be at one with 与…… 融为一体，与…… 和谐共处 What other free-time activity allows you to be at one with nature and create more beautiful living things? 17 be in doubt 感到怀疑，拿不定主意 And if you're in any doubt about this, take a moment to reflect on this line from The Secret Garden. 18 reflect on 认真思考，反思 And if you're in any doubt about this, take a moment to reflect on this line from The Secret Garden. 19 green fingers 高超的种植技能 She has really green fingers and can make any plant grow well. 20 the whole world is a garden 整个世界就是一个花园 “If you look the right way, you can see that the whole world is a garden.” 4、 核心句型与长难句分析 必修第一册Unit6核心句型与长难句分析 序号 句型/长难句 句子类型 句子成分分析 仿写模板与例句 1 Imagine mountains wrapped in silver water, shining in the spring sun. Summer sees the mountains turn bright green with growing rice. 并列简单句（含非谓语动词） ① 第一句：祈使句，核心谓语 Imagine；宾语 mountains；后置定语 wrapped in silver water（过去分词短语作定语，修饰 mountains）；伴随状语 shining in the spring sun（现在分词短语作状语，表伴随）。② 第二句：简单句，主语 Summer；谓语 sees；宾语 the mountains；宾语补足语 turn bright green；状语 with growing rice。 仿写模板：Imagine + 宾语 + 后置定语 + 伴随状语。主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语 + 状语.仿写例句：Imagine lakes covered in thick ice, shining in the winter sun. Autumn sees the forests turn golden with falling leaves. 2 These terraces were built by the local Zhuang and Yao people, to whom Guangxi is home. 复合句（「介词 + 关系代词」引导的非限制性定语从句） ① 主句：These terraces were built by the local Zhuang and Yao people（被动语态，主语 These terraces，谓语 were built，动作执行者 by the local Zhuang and Yao people）。② 非限制性定语从句：to whom Guangxi is home（「介词 to + 关系代词 whom」引导，whom 指代先行词 the local Zhuang and Yao people，在从句中作介词 to 的宾语，从句正常语序为 Guangxi is home to them）。 仿写模板：主语 + 被动语态谓语 + 动作执行者，「介词 + 关系代词」引导的定语从句.仿写例句：These ancient buildings were built by the local craftsmen, for whom this town is home. 3 So why did these people go to so much trouble to turn the entire mountains into terraces? 特殊疑问句 ① 疑问副词：So why（引导特殊疑问句，表原因）；② 助动词：did（一般过去时的助动词，帮助构成疑问句）；③ 主语：these people；④ 谓语：go to so much trouble；⑤ 目的状语：to turn the entire mountains into terraces（动词不定式作目的状语）。 仿写模板：So why + 助动词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 目的状语？仿写例句：So why did the villagers go to so much trouble to build the bridge across the river? 4 Secondly, although the region has plenty of rain, the mountains are steep and the soil is shallow. The flat terraces catch the rainwater and prevent the soil from being washed away. 并列复合句（含让步状语从句） ① 第一句：让步状语从句 + 并列主句。从句：although the region has plenty of rain（although 引导的让步状语从句，表 “尽管”）；主句：the mountains are steep and the soil is shallow（and 连接的两个并列主系表结构）。② 第二句：并列简单句，主语 The flat terraces；并列谓语 catch 和 prevent；宾语分别为 the rainwater 和 the soil；状语 from being washed away（介词短语作状语，表被动）。 仿写模板：Secondly, although + 让步状语从句，并列主句。主语 + 并列谓语 + 宾语 + 状语.仿写例句：Secondly, although the area has plenty of sunshine, the land is dry and the water is scarce. The deep wells collect the groundwater and prevent the crops from dying of drought. 5 “If you look the right way, you can see that the whole world is a garden.” These words come from the author of the book The Secret Garden, first published in 1911. 复合句（含条件状语从句 + 宾语从句 + 过去分词定语） ① 直接引语：条件状语从句 + 主句。从句：If you look the right way（if 引导的条件状语从句）；主句：you can see that the whole world is a garden（主句中包含 that 引导的宾语从句，作 see 的宾语）。② 主句：These words come from the author of the book The Secret Garden；后置定语：first published in 1911（过去分词短语作定语，修饰 The Secret Garden，表被动）。 仿写模板：“If + 条件状语从句，主句 + 宾语从句.” 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 过去分词后置定语.仿写例句：“If you open your heart, you can find that the world is full of love.” These words come from the writer of the novel The Little Prince, first published in 1943. 6 But in cities, limited space has led to people looking for new solutions. Those without outside space can rent small pieces of land on which to grow things. 并列复合句（含「介词 + 关系代词」引导的定语从句） ① 第一句：简单句，地点状语 in cities；主语 limited space；谓语 has led to；宾语 people looking for new solutions（动名词的复合结构作宾语）。② 第二句：复合句，主语 Those；后置定语 without outside space；谓语 can rent；宾语 small pieces of land；定语 on which to grow things（「介词 on + 关系代词 which」引导的定语从句，修饰先行词 land，正常语序为 to grow things on which）。 仿写模板：But + 地点状语，主语 + 谓语 + 宾语。主语 + 后置定语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 「介词 + 关系代词」引导的定语从句.仿写例句：But in modern society, fast-paced life has led to people seeking more relaxing ways. Those with little free time can choose short trips on which to enjoy the beauty of nature. 7 What other free-time activity allows you to be at one with nature and create more beautiful living things? And if you're in any doubt about this, take a moment to reflect on this line from The Secret Garden: “Where you tend a rose... A thistle cannot grow.” 并列复合句（含特殊疑问句 + 条件状语从句 + 直接引语） ① 第一句：特殊疑问句，疑问词 What other free-time activity（作主语）；谓语 allows；宾语 you；宾语补足语 to be at one with nature and create more beautiful living things（and 连接的两个并列不定式作宾补）。② 第二句：条件状语从句 + 祈使句 + 直接引语。从句：if you're in any doubt about this（if 引导的条件状语从句）；主句：take a moment to reflect on this line from The Secret Garden（祈使句，动词不定式作目的状语）；直接引语：“Where you tend a rose... A thistle cannot grow.”（补充说明 line 的内容）。 仿写模板：What other + 名词 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语？And if + 条件状语从句，祈使句 + 直接引语.仿写例句：What other hobby allows you to relax your mind and improve your creativity? And if you're in any doubt about this, take a moment to think about this old saying: “Practice makes perfect.” 考点一 完成句子 1．You also have to wonder at the unique madness of a language _____ a house can burn up as it burns down. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】in which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你也可能会对一门语言独特的反常现象感到疑惑，就像当一座房子burn down(烧毁)时，也可以说它burn up。空处引导定语从句，先行词为a language，指物，表示“在一种语言中”用in a langugae，关系词代替先行词在从句中作in的宾语，应用“介词in+关系代词which”引导。故填in which。 2．尽管图书馆仍在对外借阅图书，但多亏了地区图书馆的合作网络，你会发现找到你要找的东西更容易。 While libraries still loan out books, you'll ________________ whatever you're looking for, thanks to a cooperative network of area libraries. 【答案】find it easier to get 【详解】考查it作形式宾语和形容词比较级。表示“发现……更容易”此处为find it easier to do sth.；表示“找到”应用动词get 。故填find it easier to get。 3．An ancient temple with a history of hundreds of years stands on the top of the hill. (改为倒装句) →________________with a history of hundreds of years. 【答案】On the top of the hill stands an ancient temple 【详解】考查全部倒装。句意：山顶上矗立着一座有数百年历史的古庙。为了强调地点，可以把原句中表示地点的介词短语“on the top of the hill”置于句首，引起句子的全部倒装，即把主语和谓语的位置颠倒。故答案为On the top of the hill stands an ancient temple。 4．I dislike __________________. (你对待我的方式) (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】the way you treat me 【详解】考查定语从句。表示“你对待我的方式”，使用核心名词the way作宾语；使用关系词that或in which you treat me作定语修饰名词he way，关系词在从句中指代先行词the way在从句中做状语也可省略。故填the way you treat me。 5．正是我们的不懈努力使得生活逐渐发生变化。(强调句式) ________________ caused our life to change gradually. 【答案】It was our continuous efforts that 【详解】考查固定句式。根据提示可知，该句可使用固定句式It is/was+被强调的部分+that从句，“我们的”可使用形容词性物主代词our，“不懈的”可使用形容词continuous在句中作定语，“努力”可使用名词efforts，“我们不懈的努力”为被强调的部分，根据从句中动词的时态可知，该句应使用一般过去时，句首首字母大写。故填It was our continuous efforts that。 6．它们的大小、颜色是相似的，然而形状不同。(while) Their sizes and colors are similar ________________． 【答案】while the shapes are different 【详解】考查连词。“然而”用连词while，表示转折，强调对比；根据句意和前文are可知，本句描述自然现象，用一般现在时，主谓一致，表示“形状不同”为the shapes are different，是主系表句型。故填while the shapes are different。 7．我想，虽然金钱确实是美妙和必要的，但重读一个作者的作品是读者能付给他们的最高报酬。 I imagine that, ________________,  rereading an author's work is the highest currency a reader can pay them. 【答案】while money is indeed wonderful and necessary 【详解】考查让步状语从句。根据中文提示可知，表示“虽然金钱确实是美妙和必要的”应翻译为while money is indeed wonderful and necessary，其中while表“虽然”，为连词，引导让步状语从句。故填while money is indeed wonderful and necessary。 考点二 单词拼写 8．We are looking forward to the (benefit) and fun the project can bring to people here. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】benefits 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们期待着这个项目能给这里的人们带来好处和乐趣。名词benefit作宾语，表示多个好处，用复数形式。故填benefits。 9．Shenzhen has been continuously improving its economic quality, with innovation and industrial modernization at the core, rather than (narrow) focusing on the pace of growth. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】narrowly 【详解】考查副词。句意：深圳一直在不断提高经济质量，以创新和产业现代化为核心，而不是狭隘地关注增长速度。修饰动词focus应用副词narrowly，作状语。故填narrowly。 10．I'm sure he ignored you by accident and not design. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】by 【详解】考查介词。句意：我相信他忽视你是偶然的，而不是故意的。by design故意地。为固定短语。故填by。 11．The figure in the picture is in complete harmony the scenery. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】with 【详解】考查介词。句意：画中的人物与景色十分和谐。in harmony with与......和谐相处，是固定短语。故填with。 12．David was more than certain about getting his ideal job because the position which he applied was a perfect match for his skills. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】for 【详解】考查介词。句意：大卫非常肯定能得到他理想的工作，因为他申请的职位与他的技能完全匹配。句子使用“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句，修饰先行词position，apply for为固定搭配，意为“申请”，故空处应填介词for。故填for。 13．This is the library in I spent countless hours studying during my college years. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这就是我在大学期间花了无数时间学习的图书馆。空处引导定语从句，先行词the library，在定语从句中作地点状语，此处用in which构成“介词＋关系代词”结构，相当于where。故填which。 14．A relationship with a true friend you can turn in trouble will surely produce fruit. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】to whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：一个真正的朋友在困难时可以向他求助，这样的关系一定会结出硕果。此处为介词+关系代词结构的定语从句修饰先行词friend，短语turn to表示“求助于”，to提前，先行词作介词的宾语，指人，应用whom。故填to whom。 考点三 短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Xijiang Qianhu Miao Village, 15 (locate) in Leishan County, Guizhou province, is home to 1,432 families and has 16 population of over 6,000 people. It is the 17 (large) Miao minority village in the world. It is a hidden paradise showcasing thousands of years of Miao history and traditional culture. The village is well- known 18 its amazing architecture consisting of more than 1,000 wooden buildings. These buildings, which 19 (build) one next to another many years ago, form a stunning view. You should never miss the panoramic (全景的) view of this village. You can enjoy it either in the daytime 20 at night. There 21 (be) viewing platforms on the opposite hill of Xijiang Miao Village and the electric car can take you there. 22 (stand) on the viewing platforms, you’ll enjoy the picturesque and peaceful panoramic view of the whole village in the daytime. And 23   the night falls and every household turns lights on, you’ll find the village is 24 (brilliant) illuminated (照亮) like the stars hanging in the sky. 【答案】15．located 16．a 17．largest 18．for 19．were built 20．or 21．are 22．Standing 23．when 24．brilliantly 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了世界上最大的苗族村庄——西江千户苗寨。 15．考查非谓语动词。句意：西江千户苗寨位于贵州省雷山县，有1432户家庭，人口超过6000人。句中谓语为is，空处用非谓语，逻辑主语Xijiang Qianhu Miao Village和locate之间是逻辑的被动关系，应用过去分词。故填located。 16．考查冠词。句意见上题。设空处后为名词单数表示泛指，应为不定冠词，population是辅音音素开头，故填a。 17．考查形容词的最高级。句意：它是世界上最大的苗族村庄。设空处为形容词作表语，空前为the，结合表示范围的短语in the world可知，设空处应为形容词最高级。故填largest。 18．考查介词。句意：这个村庄以其由1000多座木制建筑组成的令人惊叹的建筑而闻名。设空处应为介词，固定短语be known for“以……出名”符合题意。故填for。 19．考查时态和语态。句意：这些建筑物是许多年前一个接一个建造的，形成了一幅令人惊叹的景色。设空处为which引导的非限制性定语从句的谓语，先行词为复数名词buildings，设空处和which之间是被动关系，根据时间状语many years ago，可知句子的时态为一般过去时，设空处为一般过去时的被动语态，故填were built。 20．考查连词。句意：你可以在白天或晚上欣赏它。固定短语either…or…或者……或者……。故填or。 21．考查谓语。句意：西江苗寨对面的山上有观景台，坐电动车就可以到。分析句子的结构可知，该句为there be句型，采取“就近一致”的原则，空后为名词复数platforms，谓语动词用复数形式，叙述客观事实，时态为一般现在时。故填are。 22．考查非谓语动词。句意：站在观景台上，你可以在白天欣赏到全村如画、宁静的全景。设空处为非谓语，stand和其逻辑主语you之间是逻辑主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填Standing。 23．考查连词。句意：当夜幕降临，家家户户都开灯时，你会发现整个村庄就像挂在天上的星星一样灯火辉煌。前后为两个完整的句子，结合句意设空处引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时刻”应用when引导从句。故填when。 24．考查副词。句意见上题。设空处应用提示词的副词形式修饰空后的动词illuminate。故填brilliantly。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Huangshan, also known 25 the Yellow Mountains, is one of. China’s most popular travel destinations. It is famous for its five 26 (wonder): odd-shaped pines (奇松), spectacular rocky peaks (怪石), sea of clouds, hot springs, and winter snow. I visited it two years ago, spending three days exploring the area. On the first day, I checked into a hotel in Tangkouzhen, a little town at the foot of the mountain. In the restaurant 27 was also run by the hotel owner, I ate an entire fish called stinky Mandarin fish by myself. The local food was delicious! The next morning, a bus took me to the base of Yungu Ropeway. After a 15-minute ride on the cable car, I 28 (see) wonderful views of Huangshan. I spent 29 rest of the morning visiting sights such as the Monkey Watching the Sea viewpoint before making 30 (I) way to a hotel on the mountain. After relaxing for a bit, I headed off to Danxia Peak 31 (catch) the sunset. At an elevation (海拔) of 1,625 meters, Danxia Peak gave me a sweeping view of the mountains below. On the 32 (three) day, I hiked through the West Sea Grand Canyon. It was kind of 33 (challenge) for me to hike downwards, but the views were extremely amazing. What impressed me most was the last attraction of my trip: Guest-Greeting Pine. While admiring it, I felt 34 (warm) welcomed there — and in China. 【答案】25．as 26．wonders 27．that/which 28．saw 29．the 30．my 31．to catch 32．third/3rd 33．challenging 34．warmly 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者两年前游览黄山的经历。 25．考查介词。句意：黄山，又称黄山（Yellow Mountains），是中国最受欢迎的旅游目的地之一。“(be) known as”是固定短语，意为“被称为……”。故填as。 26．考查名词复数。句意：它以五大奇观而闻名：奇松、怪石、云海、温泉和冬雪。可数名词wonder作宾语，表示“奇观，奇迹”，有数词five修饰，用复数形式wonders。故填wonders。 27．考查定语从句。句意：在酒店老板开的餐馆里，我一个人吃了一整条叫臭鳜鱼的鱼。“_____ was also run by the hotel owner”为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词restaurant，指物，关系词将其代入定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词that或者which引导该从句。故填that或which。 28．考查动词时态。句意：乘坐了15分钟的缆车后，我看到了黄山的美景。(see)是谓语动词，结合上文“After a 15-minute ride on the cable car”可知，讲述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时态，谓语动词用过去式saw。故填saw。 29．考查冠词。句意：我花了一上午剩下的时间参观了像“猴子观海”这样的景点，然后前往山上的酒店。the rest of是固定短语，意为“其余的，剩下的”。故填the。 30．考查代词。句意：我花了一上午剩下的时间参观了像“猴子观海”这样的景点，然后前往山上的酒店。make one’s way to是固定短语，意为“向……走去”，提示词作定语，用形容词性物主代词my。故填my。 31．考查非谓语动词。句意：休息了一会儿后，我前往丹霞峰看日落。“(catch) the sunset”是“I headed off to Danxia Peak”的目的，用不定式作目的状语。故填to catch。 32．考查数词。句意：第三天，我徒步穿越了西海大峡谷。根据前文“On the first day”和“The next morning”可知，这里说的是“第三天”，用序数词third作定语，也可缩写为3rd。故填third或3rd。 33．考查形容词。句意：对我来说，徒步下山有点挑战性，但风景非常令人惊叹。提示词作表语，用形容词challenging，意为“具有挑战性的”，表明主语It是性质。故填challenging。 34．考查副词。句意：在欣赏它的时候，我在那里——在中国受到了热烈的欢迎。提示词修饰动词welcome，用副词warmly作状语，意为“热情地，热烈地”。故填warmly。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Have you heard of Peru? It is 35 country on the Pacific coast of South America with three main areas: narrow, dry, flat land 36 (run) along the coast, the Andes Mountains, and the Amazon rainforest. Spain took control of Peru in the 16th century and 37 (rule) it until 1821. It is for this reason that Spanish is the main official language of the country. If you are travelling in Peru soon, you can choose a short flight from Cusco, 38 takes you from the Andes into the Amazon rainforest. Taking a boat to your 39 (accommodate) in the middle of the forest is interesting. Besides, the city of Machu Picchu is a popular destination. I am sure you will feel 40 (amaze) there. Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed to hold walls together other 41 the perfect fit of the stones. Cusco is another popular destination for 42 (tourist). Cusco was the capital city of the Inca Empire, a powerful empire in South America until the 1500s. On Lake Titicaca, a boat will take you 43 (stay) with a local Uros family on an island for three days. Both the island and the Uros homes 44 (make) of water plants from the lake. 【答案】35．a 36．running 37．ruled 38．which 39．accommodation 40．amazed 41．than 42．tourists 43．to stay 44．are made 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了秘鲁的地理位置、历史（曾被西班牙统治，官方语言为西班牙语），还推荐其旅游目的地如库斯科、马丘比丘等及特色体验，如住水上植物搭建的房屋。 35．考查冠词。句意：它是南美洲太平洋沿岸的一个国家，有三个主要地区：沿着海岸的狭窄，干燥、平坦的土地，安第斯山脉和亚马逊雨林。根据句意可知，此处泛指“一个国家”，country是可数名词单数，且以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词 a。故填a。 36．考查非谓语动词。句意：它是南美洲太平洋沿岸的一个国家，有三个主要地区：沿着海岸的狭窄，干燥、平坦的土地，安第斯山脉和亚马逊雨林。分析句子可知，此处是非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰flat land，flat land和run之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词形式running。故填running。 37．考查动词时态。句意：西班牙在16世纪控制了秘鲁，并一直统治到1821年。此处为谓语动词的填入，根据前面的动词“took”可知，此处用一般过去时。故填ruled。 38．考查定语从句。句意：如果你马上要去秘鲁旅行，你可以选择从库斯科出发的短途航班，这将带你从安第斯山脉进入亚马逊雨林。分析句子可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是a short flight，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。 39．考查名词。句意：乘船去你在森林中的住处是很有趣的。your是形容词性物主代词，后面接名词作介词to的宾语，accommodate的名词形式是accommodation，意为“住处”。故填accommodation。 40．考查形容词。句意：我相信你在那里会感到惊奇。feel是系动词，后面接形容词作表语，amazed修饰人，意为“感到惊讶的”。故填amazed。 41．考查固定短语。句意：印加建筑工人将石头切割成精确的尺寸，这样除了石头的完美配合外，不需要任何东西来连接墙壁。分析句子可知，此处为other than是固定短语，意为“除了”。故填than。 42．考查名词复数形式。句意：库斯科是另一个受游客欢迎的目的地。分析句子可知，tourist是可数名词，此处表示泛指，所以用复数形式tourists。故填tourists。 43．考查动词不定式。句意：在的的喀喀湖，一艘船将带你去岛上与当地的乌鲁斯家庭住上三天。take sb. to do sth. 是固定用法，意为“带某人去做某事”，所以此处为动词不定式形式to stay。故填to stay。 44．考查固定短语和主谓一致。句意：该岛屿和乌鲁斯人的房屋都由湖中的水生植物建造而成。分析句子可知，be made of 是固定短语，意为“由…… 制成”，主语 Both the island and the Uros homes 是复数，所以用 are made。故填are made。 阅读下面的材料，在空格处填入一个恰当的单词或所给单词的正确形式，并将其填写在答题卡的对应位置。 Dazhou, 45 ancient city in eastern Sichuan, lies quietly at the southern foot of the Daba Mountains, 46 the Zhou River flowing through its heart. The people here always wear an expression of 47 (content), moving at a leisurely pace as if even time itself slows down upon arrival.   In the early morning, the mist still lingers over Fenghuang Mountain as elderly locals stroll along the stone steps, bird cages in hand, the melodious chirping of buntings 48 (fill) the air. Down the hill, in small noodle shops, the owner drops freshly rolled noodles into boiling water, surrounded by bowls of seasonings — chili oil, Sichuan pepper, garlic paste, 49 pickled mustard greens — essential elements of a Dazhou morning. While eating, an old man at the next table might suddenly strike 50 a conversation, chatting about last night’s rain or which shop serves the best beef noodles.   The rain in Dazhou is truly something special. Just as Li Shangyin’s poem 51 (go), “The night rain in Ba Mountains fills the autumn pools.” When it rains, the entire city 52 (envelop) in a damp mist, the bluestone pavements glistening, water dripping from the eaves of old houses. Yet, the food street near Sansheng Temple only grows livelier, with crowds huddling under awnings, savoring “Dengying Niurou” — beef sliced so thin it casts shadows under the light.   When it comes to Dazhou’s cuisine, one cannot overlook the “Qixingjiao” pepper. This tiny chili has the power to enliven an entire meal. 53 (smoke) bacon from local farms and fish from the Zhou River, once touched by its heat, seem to gain a soul. The people of Dazhou enjoy spice differently from Chongqing’s fiery intensity — their flavors are layered, starting with heat, followed by fragrance, and ending with a subtle sweetness, much like the local temperament: gentle on the surface, yet with a quiet depth.   The beauty of Dazhou does not lie in a fleeting glance, but in its enduring charm. It 54 (be) like a cup of aged laoyin tea — mild at first sip, but leaving a long, mellow aftertaste. 【答案】45．an 46．with 47．contentment 48．filling 49．and 50．up 51．goes 52．is enveloped 53．Smoked 54．is 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了达州是四川东部古城，位于大巴山南麓，州河穿城而过。这里生活闲适，晨景、雨景独特，美食有七星椒等，魅力持久如老荫茶余味悠长。 45．考查冠词或代词。句意：达州，这座位于四川东部的古老城市，静静地坐落在大巴山的南麓，周河从其中心蜿蜒流过。此处city为泛指，用不定冠词限定，且ancient是发音以元音音素开头的单词。故填an。 46．考查介词。句意：达州，这座位于四川东部的古老城市，静静地坐落在大巴山的南麓，周河从其中心蜿蜒流过。此处为with的复合结构：with+名词+现在分词，作状语。故填with。 47．考查名词。句意：这里的居民总是面带满足的神情，行动也十分悠闲，仿佛一到此地，连时间本身都仿佛慢了下来。作介词的宾语，表示“满足”用名词contentment，不可数。故填contentment。 48．考查非谓语动词。句意：清晨时分，凤凰山仍笼罩在薄雾之中，年长的居民们手持鸟笼，沿着石阶缓缓前行，鹀鸟悦耳的鸣叫声在空中回荡。此处为独立主格结构，且fill与chirping构成主动关系，故用现在分词形式。故填filling。 49．考查连词。句意：在山下的小面馆里，店主将刚揉好的面条放入沸水中煮熟，周围摆放着各种调味料——辣椒油、花椒、蒜泥和腌制的芥菜叶——这些都是达州早晨不可或缺的元素。此处chili oil, Sichuan pepper, garlic paste与pickled mustard greens为并列关系，用连词and。故填and。 50．考查固定短语。句意：在用餐时，邻桌的一位老人可能会突然主动搭话，聊聊昨晚的降雨情况，或者讨论哪家店的牛肉面做得最好。短语strike up表示“开始交谈”。故填up。 51．考查时态。句意：正如李商隐的诗中所写：“巴山夜雨涨秋池。”陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为poem，谓语用三单形式。故填goes。 52．考查时态语态。句意：当下雨时，整个城市都被一层潮湿的雾气所笼罩，青石铺就的路面闪闪发亮，雨水从老房子的屋檐上滴落下来。主语city与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文rains可知为一般现在时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填is enveloped。 53．考查形容词。句意：当地农场的熏腊肉和州河的鱼，一旦沾染了它的辛辣，仿佛就有了灵魂。修饰名词bacon用形容词smoked，意为“熏制的”。句首单词首字母大写，故填Smoked。 54．考查时态。句意：它就像一杯陈年的老荫茶——初饮时味道温和，但余味悠长而醇厚。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为It，谓语用单数。故填is。 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 For people from outside the city, Chengdu is the Land of Abundance with a soft dialect, adorable giant pandas, tea houses 55 (fill) with bamboo chairs and tea fragrance, spicy Sichuan cuisine, Mount Qingcheng and the Dujiangyan Irrigation System, bars in the Yulin community, 56 Du Fu’s Thatched Cottage Museum. For the locals, Chengdu is their hometown with a charming dialect and delicious food in unattractive restaurants, where lovable “obedient” (服从的) husbands can 57 (find). It is a city   58 people enjoy the sweet taste of fresh pea shoots in spring, where they can relax and enjoy life, where they don’t get   59 (worry) and even earthquakes can’t stop them from finishing off the round of majiang (mahjong). Over the course of Qin and Han, Tang and Song dynasties, and up to the present day, Chengdu has kept a spirit that is unique   60 itself. It is a spirit of a vast vision, of perseverance and devotion when   61 (cross) the ancient road to Sichuan, of resilience (恢复力) and humour in the face of difficulty, of   62 (calm) and composure in daily life. It is a spirit of stubbornness and romance as seen in the story of Sima Xiangru and Zhuo Wenjun, of compassion (同情) for the people as embodied by Du Fu, and of bravery and   63 (determine) as the Sichuan Army showed in the Chinese War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. Today, Chengdu tells people that it has developed into a city of   64 youth for innovation and achieving dreams. 【答案】55．filled 56．and 57．be found 58．where 59．worried 60．to 61．crossing 62．calmness 63．determination 64．the 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是成都的一些特点。 【详解】55．考查非谓语动词。句意：对于外地人来说，成都是天府之国，有柔和的方言、可爱的大熊猫、充满竹椅和茶香的茶馆、辛辣的川菜、青城山和都江堰灌溉系统、玉林社区的酒吧，以及杜甫的茅草堂博物馆。句中谓语是is，空格处用非谓语动词，tea houses和fill之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词，表被动，故填filled。 56．考查连词。句意：对于外地人来说，成都是天府之国，有柔和的方言、可爱的大熊猫、充满竹椅和茶香的茶馆、辛辣的川菜、青城山和都江堰灌溉系统、玉林社区的酒吧，以及杜甫的茅草堂博物馆。bars in the Yulin community和Du Fu’s Thatched Cottage Museum之间是并列关系，句子肯定句，因此空格处用and表并列，故填and。 57．考查动词语态。句意：对于当地人来说，成都是他们的家乡，有着迷人的方言和不起眼的餐馆里美味的食物，在那里可以找到可爱的“听话”丈夫。丈夫是可以被找到，因此句子用被动语态，空前是情态动词can，因此空格处是be done，即be found。故填be found。 58．考查定语从句。句意：这是一个人们在春天享受新鲜豌豆尖的甜味的城市，在这里他们可以放松和享受生活，在这里他们不会担心，即使地震也不能阻止他们打完一圈麻将。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，先行词city是地方，因此空格处用关系副词where引导定语从句，故填where。 59．考查形容词。句意：这是一个人们在春天享受新鲜豌豆尖的甜味的城市，在这里他们可以放松和享受生活，在这里他们不会担心，即使地震也不能阻止他们打完一圈麻将。空格处用形容词作表语，主语they是人，因此空格处用-ed结尾的形容词worried。意为“担心的”。故填worried。 60．考查介词。句意：从秦汉、唐宋到今天，成都一直保持着一种独特的精神。be unique to是固定短语，意为“独有的”，因此空格处是介词to，故填to。 61．考查状语从句的省略。句意：它是一种胸怀大志的精神，是穿越古道前往四川时的坚韧不拔和献身精神，是面对困难时的坚韧和幽默精神，是在日常生活中沉着冷静的精神。根据when引导的时间状语从句意为“当人们穿越古道前往四川时”，表示过去某时正在进行的事情，时态用过去进行时，为when people were crossing the ancient road to Sichuan，此处可省略从句中的主语people和were，因此空格处是crossing。故填crossing。 62．考查名词。句意：它是一种胸怀大志的精神，是穿越古道前往四川时的坚韧不拔和献身精神，是面对困难时的坚韧和幽默精神，是在日常生活中沉着冷静的精神。空格处用名词作宾语，calm的宾语是calmness，是不可数名词，意为“冷静”。故填calmness。 63．考查名词。句意：这是一种司马相如和卓文君的倔强和浪漫精神，是杜甫所体现的对人民的同情精神，是中国抗日战争中川军所表现的勇敢和决心精神。空格处用名词作宾语，determine的名词是determination，意为“决心”，是不可数名词，故填determination。 64．考查定冠词。句意：今天，成都告诉人们，它已经发展成为一个创新和实现梦想的青年之城。the youth意为“青少年”，因此空格处是定冠词the。故填the。 考点一 阅读理解 Imagine picking up a fresh cocoa fruit — most chocolate producers only use the beans inside and throw away the rest. This has been the traditional way for a long time. The cocoa fruit, which is about the size of a pumpkin, is full of nutrition, but it usually rots in the fields after the beans are taken out. However, food scientists in Switzerland have found a new way to make chocolate: using the entire cocoa fruit, including the fruit flesh, juice, and shell — without adding extra sugar. The key to this new chocolate is the sweet juice of the cocoa fruit. It tastes a bit like pineapple and contains 14% sugar. Scientists turn this juice into a highly concentrated syrup to replace added sugar. Roger Wehrli, who works for the Swiss chocolate producers’ association, thinks this new chocolate has a bright future. “Using the whole cocoa fruit can help farmers get better prices,” he said. Besides, reducing food waste by using the entire cocoa fruit can also help protect the environment. Now, some big chocolate producers in Switzerland have started to use cocoa fruit along with beans, but no one has completely stopped using extra sugar yet. 65．What’s the traditional way of making chocolate? A．Using the entire cocoa fruit. B．Using only the cocoa beans. C．Adding a lot of fresh fruit. D．Using cocoa juice instead of sugar. 66．Where does the sugar in the new chocolate come from? A．The cocoa beans. B．Pineapple syrup. C．The cocoa fruit juice. D．Added white sugar. 67．Why does Roger Wehrli support the new chocolate? A．It’s easier to make than traditional chocolate. B．It can bring higher income to farmers. C．It tastes better than traditional chocolate. D．It is more popular with young people. 68．What can we infer about the new chocolate? A．It has been widely sold in stores. B．It is more environmentally friendly. C．It is much cheaper than traditional chocolate. D．It will soon replace traditional chocolate. 【答案】65．B 66．C 67．B 68．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了瑞士食品科学家研发的用完整可可果制作巧克力的新方法，以及这种新方法的优势。 65．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Imagine picking up a fresh cocoa fruit — most chocolate producers only use the beans inside and throw away the rest. This has been the traditional way for a long time.(想象一下，拿起一颗新鲜的可可果实——大多数巧克力生产商只使用里面的可可豆，把剩下的部分扔掉。这是很长一段时间以来的传统方式)”可知，制作巧克力的传统方式是只使用可可豆。故选B项。 66．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The key to this new chocolate is the sweet juice of the cocoa fruit. It tastes a bit like pineapple and contains 14% sugar. Scientists turn this juice into a highly concentrated syrup to replace added sugar.(这种新巧克力的关键是可可果的甜汁。它尝起来有点像菠萝，含糖14%。科学家们将这种果汁制成高浓度糖浆，以替代添加的糖)”可知，新巧克力中的糖来自可可果的果汁。故选C项。 67．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Roger Wehrli, who works for the Swiss chocolate producers’ association, thinks this new chocolate has a bright future. “Using the whole cocoa fruit can help farmers get better prices,” he said.(在瑞士巧克力生产商协会工作的罗杰·韦尔利认为这种新巧克力前景光明。“使用完整的可可果可以帮助农民获得更好的价格，”他说)”可知，罗杰·韦尔利支持新巧克力是因为它能为农民带来更高的收入。故选B项。 68．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Besides, reducing food waste by using the entire cocoa fruit can also help protect the environment.(此外，通过使用完整的可可果减少食物浪费也有助于保护环境)”可推断，这种新巧克力助于保护环境，更环保。故选B项。 Over the centuries, we have discovered more about our world, and think that everything that could be discovered already has been. But the truth is that the world holds many more secrets waiting to be revealed. Here are four places that have yet to be opened up completely. The Mariana Trench The deepest and darkest place in the ocean is the 11,000-meter-deep Mariana Trench. Due to cold temperatures and huge water pressure, the deep ocean is totally unfriendly to humans. Although technological advances have led to the discovery of many new varieties of deep-sea animals on the ocean floor, there is a lot more to be learned. The Amazon rainforest The Amazon rainforest is said to make up around 50% of all of the rainforests in the world. Interest in its climate and resources has resulted in certain explorations. However, due to the extreme difficulty in getting to and entering the region, full exploration of it has been almost impossible. Up to now, 2.5 million insect species and 400,000 plant species have been officially documented. Greenland About 81% of Greenland is covered in ice, so it is almost completely unpopulated. Greenland has only been explored to a limited extent, as the climate is quite unsuitable for human life. Although research explorations are currently being carried out, the most interesting research in Greenland might tell us more about the past than the present. Deserts It is almost impossible to survive long periods of time in the desert. Thus, desert explorations have frequently had terrible results — many people are known to have died on such explorations. It is unclear whether anything of particular interest would be uncovered by further research into deserts, although there are animal and plant species there which are special. 69．Why is the Amazon rainforest not fully explored? A．Unclear research results. B．Difficulty in reaching the region. C．The unwelcoming environments. D．Lack of interest in its climate and resources. 70．Which of the four locations may provide more information of the past? A．The Mariana Trench. B．The Amazon rainforest. C．Deserts. D．Greenland. 71．Where is the text probably taken from? A．A news report. B．A club poster. C．A book review. D．A science magazine. 【答案】69．B 70．D 71．D 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了世界上仍有四处地方未被完全探索，分别是马里亚纳海沟、亚马逊雨林、格陵兰岛和沙漠。 【详解】69．细节理解题。根据The Amazon rainforest部分中“However, due to the extreme difficulty in getting to and entering the region, full exploration of it has been almost impossible. (然而，由于到达和进入该地区极其困难，对它的全面探索几乎是不可能的。)”可知，亚马逊雨林未被完全探索是因为难以抵达该地区。故选B。 70．细节理解题。根据Greenland部分中“Although research explorations are currently being carried out, the most interesting research in Greenland might tell us more about the past than the present. (尽管目前正在进行研究探索，但格陵兰岛最有趣的研究可能会让我们更多地了解过去而非现在。)”可知，格陵兰岛可能提供更多关于过去的信息。故选D。 71．推理判断题。根据第一段“But the truth is that the world holds many more secrets waiting to be revealed. Here are four places that have yet to be opened up completely. (但事实是，世界还有更多秘密等待被揭开。这里有四处尚未被完全开发的地方。)”以及全文内容可知，本文介绍了地球上几处尚未被完全探索的神秘地区，属于科普类内容，最可能出自科学杂志。故选D。 If you take a walk through a Pittsburgh city park, you might come across a group of goats (山羊) eating poison ivy, one type of plants harmful to the ecosystem (生态系统). It is part of an experiment (实验). By eating a lot of plants, goats greatly cut down the plants that need to be treated with herbicides (除草剂). Herbicides are traditionally used to clear out unwanted plants. There is glyphosate in many herbicides, which is reported to lead to cancer — a serious illness. Herbicides can remain in the soil and on plants, and during rain, they are washed into streams and rivers, further polluting the ecosystem. There’s a need for goats all across the U.S., including California and New Mexico, where they help in wildfire prevention. Goats are sure-footed, and they enjoy climbing up and getting to the plants that are difficult for humans to clear away. They prefer woody plants, soft shoots and bushes (灌木丛) compared with other plant-eaters, such as cows, who are happy with grasses and low-lying plants. This makes goats perfect for clearing areas of high-growing woody plants that strengthen wildfires. However, there are challenges in using goats. Their hairs are thin, which means they couldn’t work outside in cold winter. Goats can break seeds (种子) of harmful plants down in their stomachs, so they don’t spread the plants they’re eating, but this also makes them easy to suffer from stomach illnesses. But when you think about the bigger picture, these problems are just small. One good thing that came from Pittsburgh’s goat experiment was the public interest it received. After the experiment finished, many other cities wanted to know how they could start a similar project. People, it turns out, also like goats. Park visitors love seeing the goats at work. Their presence brings a lot of joy and adds to the park experience! 72．Why are goats used in some city parks in the U.S.? A．To study their eating habits. B．To cut down the costs on herbicides. C．To attract more tourists to the parks. D．To deal with harmful plants in a natural way. 73．What can we infer about goats from paragraph 3? A．They are no better at climbing than cows. B．They prefer low-lying plants to woody bushes. C．They help prevent wildfires by eating specific plants. D．They are mainly raised in California and New Mexico. 74．What is the public’s attitude towards the goat project? A．Positive. B．Worried. C．Uncaring. D．Unclear. 75．Which of the following would be the best title for the text? A．The Disadvantages of Using Herbicides in Parks B．How Goats Help Protect the Ecosystem in the U.S. C．Different Ways to Prevent Wildfires Across the U.S. D．How Pittsburgh’s Park Experiment Was Carried Out 【答案】72．D 73．C 74．A 75．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国部分城市公园引入山羊来清除有害植物、保护生态系统的做法，以及该做法的优势、挑战和公众反响。 72．细节理解题。根据第一段“If you take a walk through a Pittsburgh city park, you might come across a group of goats eating poison ivy, one type of plants harmful to the ecosystem. It is part of an experiment.(如果你在匹兹堡的城市公园散步，可能会遇到一群山羊在吃毒藤——一种对生态系统有害的植物。这是一项实验的一部分。)”和第二段“By eating a lot of plants, goats greatly cut down the plants that need to be treated with herbicides.(通过大量进食植物，山羊大幅减少了需要用除草剂处理的植物数量。)”可知，美国一些城市公园使用山羊是为了以自然方式处理有害植物。故选D。 73．推理判断题。根据第三段“They prefer woody plants, soft shoots and bushes compared with other plant-eaters, such as cows, who are happy with grasses and low-lying plants. This makes goats perfect for clearing areas of high-growing woody plants that strengthen wildfires.(与其他食草动物如喜欢草和低矮植物的牛相比，山羊更喜欢木本植物、嫩枝和灌木丛。这使得山羊非常适合清理那些会加剧野火的高大木本植物区域。)”可知，山羊通过食用特定植物来帮助预防野火。故选C。 74．推理判断题。根据第五段“One good thing that came from Pittsburgh’s goat experiment was the public interest it received. After the experiment finished, many other cities wanted to know how they could start a similar project. People, it turns out, also like goats. Park visitors love seeing the goats at work.(匹兹堡山羊实验带来的一个好处是获得了公众的关注。实验结束后，许多其他城市想知道如何启动类似的项目。事实证明，人们也喜欢山羊。公园游客喜欢看山羊工作。)”可知，公众对山羊项目的态度是积极的。故选A。 75．主旨大意题。根据第一段“If you take a walk through a Pittsburgh city park, you might come across a group of goats eating poison ivy, one type of plants harmful to the ecosystem. It is part of an experiment.(如果你在匹兹堡的城市公园散步，可能会遇到一群山羊在吃毒藤——一种对生态系统有害的植物。这是一项实验的一部分。)”、第二段“By eating a lot of plants, goats greatly cut down the plants that need to be treated with herbicides.(通过大量进食植物，山羊大幅减少了需要用除草剂处理的植物数量。)”以及第三段“There’s a need for goats all across the U.S., including California and New Mexico, where they help in wildfire prevention.(美国各地都需要山羊，包括加利福尼亚州和新墨西哥州，在那里它们有助于预防野火。)”可知，文章主要围绕山羊如何帮助保护美国的生态系统展开，因此“How Goats Help Protect the Ecosystem in the U.S.(山羊如何助力保护美国的生态系统)”是最适合的标题。故选B。 Have you ever bought Genki Forest sparkling water because it’s advertised as “sugar-free” ? The company recently apologized for a misleading advertisement. The company said the drinks are “sucrose-free” (零蔗糖), but this is not the same as “sugar-free”. Now the company has changed the words “sugar-free” to “low-sugar” on the bottles. In fact, there are many kinds of sugar. Sucrose is just one of them. Other kinds of sugar, such as fructose and sugar alcohol, are still in Genki Forest drinks. These types of sugar are used as sweeteners (甜味剂). They offer little energy, but a small amount of them can make drinks taste sweet. That’s why diet drinks like Genki Forest are popular among people who want to lose weight. They believe that they can not only enjoy sweet drinks, but also avoid taking in too much sugar. However, studies find that the sweeteners might make people eat more. When you eat sweet-tasting things, sweeteners send up your brain a “sweet signal”. Then your brain tells your body to prepare itself to take in energy. But since the diet soft drink has little energy, the brain will not receive what it is expecting. At this time, you will feel hungry and start getting energy by eating more food. According to China Daily, drinking too many diet drinks might make you fat and lead to type 2 diabetes. It’s time for you to think twice about the diet drink trend. 76．Why did Genki Forest recently apologize? A．For not having any sugar in its drinks. B．For making too many advertisements. C．For advertising its drinks incorrectly. D．For incorrectly spelling words in its packaging. 77．What do we know about Genki Forest from Paragraph 3? A．There are sweeteners in its drinks. B．Its drinks have high levels of sucrose. C．Its drinks taste sweeter than other drinks. D．People can lose weight by drinking its drinks. 78．What does the underlined word “itself” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．your brain B．your body C．sweetener D．fructose 79．What do studies show about sweeteners? A．They are used more in food than drinks. B．They might make people feel hungry. C．They provide enough energy for those on a diet. D．They cause the brain to stop receiving signals. 80．According to the last paragraph, drinking lots of diet drinks can be________. A．harmful B．strange C．enjoyable D．fashionable 【答案】76．C 77．A 78．B 79．B 80．A 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。本文讲述元气森林因“无糖”误导性广告致歉，说明其饮品含甜味剂，且甜味剂可能致饥饿、肥胖等，提醒理性看待无糖饮料。 【详解】76．细节理解题。根据第一段“The company recently apologized for a misleading advertisement.(该公司最近因一则误导性广告致歉。)”可知，元气森林致歉的原因是发布了具有误导性的广告。故选C项。 77．细节理解题。根据第三段“Other kinds of sugar, such as fructose and sugar alcohol, are still in Genki Forest drinks. These types of sugar are used as sweeteners (甜味剂).(元气森林的饮品中仍含有果糖、糖醇等其他种类的糖，这些糖被用作甜味剂。)”可知，元气森林的饮品中含有甜味剂。故选A项。 78．词句猜测题。根据第三段“Then your brain tells your body to prepare itself to take in energy.(随后大脑会指令身体做好准备，以摄取能量。)”以及可知，这里的itself指代的是前面提到的your body。故选B项。 79．细节理解题。根据第三段“At this time, you will feel hungry and start getting energy by eating more food.(此时你会产生饥饿感，进而通过吃更多食物来获取能量。)”可知，研究发现甜味剂可能会让人产生饥饿感。故选B项。 80．推理判断题。根据最后一段“According to China Daily, drinking too many diet drinks might make you fat and lead to type 2 diabetes. (据《中国日报》报道，饮用过多无糖饮料可能会导致肥胖和2型糖尿病。)”可知，喝大量无糖饮料是有害的。故选A项。 Plastics (塑料) are amazing materials which are widely used in our daily lives. Besides, they’re often cheap to make. About 8.3 billion metric tons of plastic have been produced to date. That’s about 1,400 times the weight of the Great Pyramid of Giza. Some of that plastic is still in use. But about 5.8 billion metric tons have been thrown away. All that plastic waste is an environmental threat. Only about 9 percent of plastic waste has been recycled. Another 12 percent has been burned. The remaining 79 percent ended up in landfills or in nature, which, like the Lego block, takes a long time to decompose (降解). Plastic litters the world from the highest mountaintop to the deepest seafloor. Many animals might regard this rubbish as food. If they get full, these animals may forget to eat real food and suffer. Plastic rubbish in the oceans also leaves birds, turtles and other wildlife in a jam. Big pieces of plastic aren’t the only problem. Abandoned plastic can break into tiny bits called microplastics. Winds blow these bits far and wide. Ocean waves can spread them through the sea. They build up inside animals and also get into our food and drinking water. Each American is likely to consume (摄入/吞食) more than 70,000 microplastic pieces per year. Right now, no one knows what risk that might bring. Scientists have some ideas about how to clean up this mess. The Ocean Cleanup is developing cleanup systems to fish out plastic pieces from the Great Pacific Garbage Patch. And new technology could help microplastics decompose in the environment. But as far as I know, many of these plans are still far from effective (有效的) so far. The best way to help Earth right now is to stop buying so much plastic — and then throwing it out — in the first place. 81．What does the Lego block show about plastic waste? A．It is hard to break down. B．Little of it has been burned. C．It is easy to be recycled. D．Most of it ends up in landfills. 82．How might the plastic rubbish influence animals? A．By making them suffer from hunger. B．By reducing their food. C．By piling up in their homes. D．By changing the environment. 83．What is the author’s attitude to the present methods of cleaning plastic waste? A．Objective(客观的). B．Supportive. C．Doubtful. D．Favorable. 84．Why does the author write the text? A．To criticize plastic production. B．To suggest ways to deal with environmental issues. C．To call on people to protect the environment. D．To introduce the present(目前的) situation of plastic pollution. 【答案】81．A 82．A 83．C 84．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了塑料制品的广泛应用及其带来的严重污染问题，指出大部分塑料垃圾难以分解，危害动植物和人类健康。 81．推理判断题。根据文章第二段内容“The remaining 79 percent ended up in landfills or in nature, which, like the Lego block, takes a long time to decompose.(剩下的79%最终被填埋或进入大自然，就像乐高积木一样，需要很长时间才能分解。)”可知，句中将塑料垃圾与乐高积木作类比，其共同属性是需要很长时间降解。由此可推断，乐高积木的例子是为了说明塑料垃圾难以分解。故选A项。 82．细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“Many animals might regard this rubbish as food. If they get full, these animals may forget to eat real food and suffer.(许多动物可能把这些垃圾当作食物。如果它们吃饱了，这些动物可能会忘记吃真正的食物而受苦。)”可知，许多动物把塑料垃圾当作食物，如果它们吃撑了，就可能会忘记吃真正的食物，从而遭受饥饿之苦。故选A项。 83．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段内容“But as far as I know, many of these plans are still far from effective so far.(但据我所知，到目前为止，这些计划中的许多还远未生效。)”可知，“远未生效”是明确的负面评价。由此可推知作者对当前的塑料垃圾清理方法持怀疑态度，故选C项。 84．推理判断题。通读文章内容，结合第一段关键语句“Plastics are amazing materials which are widely used in our daily lives. Besides, they’re often cheap to make. About 8.3 billion metric tons of plastic have been produced to date.(塑料是一种神奇的材料，广泛应用于我们的日常生活中。此外，它们的制造成本通常很低。迄今为止，已经生产了大约83亿吨塑料。)”，第二段“All that plastic waste is an environmental threat.(所有这些塑料垃圾都是对环境的威胁。)”以及最后一段“But as far as I know, many of these plans are still far from effective so far. The best way to help Earth right now is to stop buying so much plastic — and then throwing it out — in the first place.(但据我所知，到目前为止，这些计划中的许多还远未奏效。现在帮助地球的最好方法是首先停止购买这么多塑料，然后扔掉。)”可知，全文围绕塑料污染的现状展开，包括产量、处理方式、危害及应对方案，由此推知，其核心目的是介绍塑料污染的整体情况。故选D项。 My mom is pretty cool. She is always trying to think of ways to give the environment a helping hand. One day, she brought a 85 cake to work. At lunch, she 86 the cake with friends. Everyone liked it. They were all surprised how she made it. The story goes back a few weeks. Our city started a new recycling program — families were supposed to separate food 87 from the other kitchen waste. My family loves 88 . My father 89 loves watermelons. He eats a lot of them in summer. The skin (果皮) always ends up in the rubbish. That’s almost half the 90 of a watermelon! After a lot of thinking, my mom found a better way to 91 all the melon skins. She brought out the blender and cut the melon skins into small pieces. 92 she blended them, she got a whole cup of green watermelon juice. Then, she mixed the juice with flour (面粉). From there, she carefully made her 93 GREEN cake. What a great product of the melon eating! And it was friendly to nature too. From now on, my mom doesn’t need to 94 the heavy waste from eating melons. And everyone always wants more of her special cake. 85．A．green B．yellow C．brown D．white 86．A．made B．shared C．sold D．bought 87．A．rubbish B．smell C．value D．safety 88．A．sugar B．salad C．salt D．fruit 89．A．especially B．carefully C．successfully D．traditionally 90．A．color B．style C．size D．weight 91．A．see B．drink C．use D．list 92．A．Since B．Unless C．After D．Before 93．A．salty B．sour C．terrible D．delicious 94．A．agree with B．worry about C．care about D．look after 【答案】85．A 86．B 87．A 88．D 89．A 90．D 91．C 92．C 93．D 94．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者的妈妈为了响应城市的回收计划，将西瓜皮利用起来制作成绿色蛋糕的故事。 85．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一天，她带了一个绿色蛋糕去上班。A. green绿色的；B. yellow黄色的；C. brown棕色的；D. white白色的。根据下文“She brought out the blender and cut the melon skins into small pieces. ____she blended them, she got a whole cup of green watermelon juice. Then, she mixed the juice with flour (面粉). From there, she carefully made her____ GREEN cake.”可知，妈妈用西瓜皮的汁做了绿色的蛋糕，所以这里应该是绿色的蛋糕。故选A。 86．考查动词词义辨析。句意：午餐时，她和朋友们分享蛋糕。A. made制作；B. shared分享；C. sold卖；D. bought买。根据下文“Everyone liked it.”可知，妈妈把蛋糕和朋友们分享后，大家才会都喜欢，且“share sth. with sb.”是固定搭配，意为“和某人分享某物”。故选B。​ 87．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的城市开始了一项新的回收计划——家庭应该将食物垃圾与其他厨房垃圾分开。A. rubbish垃圾；B. smell气味；C. value价值；D. safety安全。根据下文“from the other kitchen waste”可知，此处需与“厨房垃圾”对应，food rubbish表示“食物垃圾”。故选A。​ 88．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的家人喜欢水果。A. sugar糖；B. salad沙拉；C. salt盐；D. fruit水果。根据下文“My father ____ loves watermelons.”可知，西瓜属于水果，后文以西瓜为例说明家人的喜好，因此此处应填“水果”。故选D。 89．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我的爸爸特别喜欢西瓜。A. especially特别；B. carefully仔细地；C. successfully成功地；D. traditionally传统地。根据下文“He eats a lot of them in summer.”可知，爸爸夏天吃很多西瓜，这体现出他“特别”喜欢西瓜，副词especially能突出程度，符合语境。故选A。 90．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那（西瓜皮）几乎是一个西瓜重量的一半！A. color颜色；B. style风格；C. size尺寸；D. weight重量。根据下文“ heavy waste from eating melons”可知，此处描述西瓜皮在西瓜整体中的占比，指西瓜皮的“重量”约占西瓜总重量的一半。故选D。​ 91．考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过大量思考，我妈妈找到了一个更好的方法来使用所有的西瓜皮。A. see看见；B. drink喝；C. use使用；D. list列出。根据下文“She brought out the blender and cut the melon skins into small pieces. ____ she blended them, she got a whole cup of green watermelon juice. Then, she mixed the juice with flour (面粉). From there, she carefully made her____ GREEN cake.”妈妈用西瓜皮的汁做了绿色的蛋糕可知，妈妈找到了“利用”西瓜皮的方法。故选C。 92．考查连词词义辨析。句意：她把它们搅拌之后，得到了一整杯绿色的西瓜汁。A. Since自从；B. Unless 除非；C. After 在……之后；D. Before 在……之前。根据下文“she got a whole cup of green watermelon juice”可知，“得到西瓜汁”是“搅拌”之后的结果，After引导时间状语从句，符合逻辑顺序。故选C。 93．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从那里（指西瓜汁搅拌的面粉团），她精心制作了她的美味绿色蛋糕。A. salty咸的；B. sour酸的；C. terrible糟糕的；D. delicious美味的。根据上文（第一段）“Everyone liked it.”和下文（最后一段）“And everyone always wants more of her special cake.”可知，大家都喜欢这种蛋糕，说明蛋糕是“美味的”。故选D。 94．考查动词短语辨析。句意：从现在起，我妈妈不需要担心吃西瓜带来的沉重垃圾了。A. agree with同意；B. worry about担心；C. care about关心；D. look after照顾。根据上文“And it was friendly to nature too.”可知，这样做是环保的，因为妈妈把西瓜皮利用起来，不再需要处理西瓜皮垃圾，所以不需要“担心”这个问题。故选B。 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业12 Unit6 At One with Nature词汇与阅读 1、 核心基础信息 必修第一册Unit6 At One with Nature核心基础信息 模块 核心内容 初升高衔接重点 学习目标 教材对应板块 难度等级 单元主题 At one with nature（与自然和谐共处），围绕自然景观探索、人与自然的关系、环境保护、户外旅行与探险展开，是高一上学期必修一的收官单元，融合了自然科普、文化意识与语言综合运用 从初中简单的自然场景描述，到高中复杂的自然景观描写、环保类议论文写作、长难句分析与语篇理解的过渡 掌握单元核心词汇、句型、语法，能完成自然景观描述、环保类主题的写作与口语表达，理解人与自然和谐共处的文化内涵 Starting out, Understanding ideas ★★★★☆ 核心词汇 高频核心词45个，拓展词80个，覆盖自然景观、环境保护、户外探险、人与自然关系四大核心场景，包含高考高频核心词与词形变化 构词法拓展词汇，前缀/后缀记忆法，解决高中词汇量激增的难点，掌握高考高频词的多义性与固定搭配 能熟练拼写、运用核心词汇，掌握前缀、后缀、词根等构词法，能在语境中正确运用词汇的不同词性与含义 Vocabulary, Using language ★★★★☆ 核心句型 单元核心句型15个，覆盖定语从句（介词+关系代词）、非谓语动词、现在完成进行时、倒装句、强调句、状语从句等高中核心句型，贴合单元自然主题的语篇场景 从初中简单句到高中复合句的过渡，长难句句子成分划分方法，掌握高考高频核心句型的结构与仿写规则 能识别、分析长难句结构，能熟练仿写、运用核心句型完成写作与口语表达，能在语篇中准确理解句型的含义 Understanding ideas, Using language ★★★★★ 核心语法 单元核心语法5大项，包含定语从句（介词+关系代词）、非谓语动词（现在分词作状语）、现在完成进行时、主谓一致、倒装句，是高一上学期核心语法的收官与综合运用 初三基础语法的巩固与高一进阶语法的衔接，解决高中长难句分析的核心痛点，掌握高考高频语法考点的综合运用规则 能熟练掌握核心语法的规则，能在语篇中正确识别、运用语法知识，能完成语法填空、句子改写等题型，能在写作中正确运用语法知识 Grammar, Using language ★★★★★ 课文理解 单元2篇主课文《The Lake of Heaven》（天池之美）、《Journey through the Amazon》（亚马逊之旅），配套4篇辅助语篇，覆盖自然科普、旅行游记、环保主题三大类语篇类型 从初中简单的记叙文阅读，到高中复杂的游记、科普类语篇的理解，掌握长难句分析、语篇主旨归纳、细节理解、推理判断等高考阅读核心题型的解题方法 能准确理解课文主旨与段落大意，能分析长难句结构，能掌握高考阅读核心题型的解题技巧，能积累语篇中的核心词汇与句型 Understanding ideas, Developing ideas ★★★★☆ 写作能力 单元核心写作话题为「自然景观描述」「环保类议论文」「旅行游记」，适配高一英语100-150词写作要求，覆盖高考英语写作核心题型 从初中简单的记叙文写作，到高中夹叙夹议文、议论文的过渡，写作句型升级、篇章结构优化，掌握高考英语写作的评分标准与高分技巧 能完成自然景观描述、旅行游记的写作，能写出结构完整、逻辑清晰的环保类议论文，能在写作中正确运用单元核心词汇、句型与语法知识 Presenting ideas, Using language ★★★★☆ 听说能力 单元核心听说话题为「自然景观描述」「户外旅行计划与分享」「环保话题讨论」，适配高一英语听说考试要求，覆盖高考英语听说核心题型 从初中简单的日常对话，到高中复杂的话题讨论、观点表达的过渡，掌握听力长对话、独白的理解技巧，口语表达的逻辑与流利度提升方法 能听懂自然主题的长对话与独白，能准确获取听力中的关键信息，能流利完成自然景观、旅行、环保话题的口语表达与讨论 Starting out, Listening and speaking ★★★☆☆ 文化意识 单元核心文化主题为「人与自然和谐共处的中西方文化差异」「世界自然遗产与环保文化」「户外探险与自然保护的平衡」，贴合高中英语核心素养要求 从初中简单的文化常识积累，到高中跨文化对比、文化内涵理解的过渡，掌握高考英语阅读、写作中的文化背景知识 了解中西方自然观的差异，理解人与自然和谐共处的文化内涵，能在跨文化交流中正确表达相关观点，能积累相关文化背景知识 Understanding ideas, Developing ideas, Culture corner ★★★☆☆ 2、 核心词汇 必修第一册Unit6核心词汇 序号 单词 音标 词性 中文释义 核心考点提示 1 wrap /ræp/ v. 包，裹 高考高频动词，核心搭配：wrap sth. in sth. 用某物包裹某物，是场景描写高频词 2 sheet /ʃiːt/ n. （冰或水等的）一大片 高考高频名词，核心搭配：a sheet of water 一片水域，是自然场景描写高频词 3 frost /frɒst/ n. 霜 高考核心名词，自然场景高频词，核心搭配：frost on the ground 地上的霜 4 terrace /'terɪs/ n. 梯田 高考核心名词，本单元主题核心词，核心搭配：rice terraces 水稻梯田 5 dynasty /'dɪnəsti/ n. 朝代 高考核心名词，历史文化类高频词，核心搭配：ancient dynasties 古代朝代 6 completion /kəm'pliːʃ(ə)n/ n. 完成，结束 高考核心名词，核心搭配：the completion of sth. 某物的完工，注意词性转换：complete v. 完成 7 region /'riːdʒ(ə)n/ n. 地区，区域 高考核心名词，地理类高频词，核心搭配：a mountainous region 山区 8 therefore /'ðeəfɔː/ adv. 因此，由此 高考高频副词，议论文 / 说明文逻辑连接核心词，常用于句首 / 句中表因果 9 steep /stiːp/ adj. 陡的，陡峭的 高考高频形容词，自然场景描写核心词，核心搭配：steep mountains 陡峭的山 10 soil /sɔɪl/ n. 土壤 高考核心名词，农业 / 自然类高频词，核心搭配：rich soil 肥沃的土壤 11 shallow /'ʃæləʊ/ adj. 浅的 高考高频形容词，自然场景描写核心词，核心搭配：shallow soil 浅层土壤；shallow water 浅水 12 prevent /prɪ'vent/ v. 阻挡，防止 高考核心动词，核心搭配：prevent...from doing sth. 防止…… 做某事，是高考高频核心搭配 13 harmony /'hɑːməni/ n. 融洽相处，和谐 高考核心名词，本单元主题核心词，核心搭配：in harmony with 与…… 和谐相处，注意词性转换：harmonious adj. 和谐的 14 design /dɪ'zaɪn/ v. 设计 高考核心动词 / 名词，核心搭配：design sth. 设计某物；a new design 新设计 15 vapour /'veɪpə/ n. 蒸气 高考核心名词，自然科学类高频词，核心搭配：water vapour 水蒸气 16 harm /hɑːm/ v. 伤害，损害 高考核心动词 / 名词，核心搭配：harm sth./sb. 伤害某物 / 某人；do harm to 对…… 有害，注意词性转换：harmful adj. 有害的 17 crop /krɒp/ n. 庄稼，作物 高考核心名词，农业类高频词，核心搭配：rice crops 水稻作物 18 agriculture /'ægrɪkʌltʃə/ n. 农业 高考核心名词，本单元核心场景词，核心搭配：ancient agriculture 古代农业，注意词性转换：agricultural adj. 农业的 19 replace /rɪ'pleɪs/ v. 以…… 替换，更换 高考核心动词，核心搭配：replace A with B 用 B 替换 A，是高考高频核心搭配 20 material /mə'tɪəriəl/ n. 材料 高考核心名词，核心搭配：building materials 建筑材料，是说明文高频词 21 mineral /'mɪn(ə)rəl/ n. 矿物，矿产 高考核心名词，地理 / 自然科学类高频词，核心搭配：mineral resources 矿产资源 22 consumer /kən'sjuːmə/ n. 消费者 高考核心名词，社会生活类高频词，核心搭配：consumer rights 消费者权益 23 priority /praɪ'ɒrəti/ n. 优先处理的事，当务之急 高考核心名词，核心搭配：a top priority 头等大事，是议论文高频词 24 beauty /'bjuːti/ n. 美，美丽 高考核心名词，核心搭配：the beauty of nature 自然之美，注意词性转换：beautiful adj. 美丽的 25 barrier /'bæriə/ n. 障碍，壁垒 高考核心名词，核心搭配：a barrier to sth. 某事的障碍，是议论文高频词 26 reef /riːf/ n. 礁 高考核心名词，自然地理类高频词，核心搭配：coral reefs 珊瑚礁 27 structure /'strʌktʃə/ n. 结构，构造，组织 高考核心名词，核心搭配：the structure of sth. 某物的结构，是说明文高频词 28 living /'lɪvɪŋ/ adj. 活的，活着的 高考高频形容词，核心搭配：living things 生物，是自然科学类高频词 29 organism /'ɔːgənɪz(ə)m/ n. 生物，有机体 高考核心名词，自然科学类高频词，核心搭配：living organisms 活的有机体 30 observatory /əb'zɜːvət(ə)ri/ n. 天文台，观象台 高考核心名词，自然科学类高频词，核心搭配：an astronomical observatory 天文台 31 basin /'beɪs(ə)n/ n. 盆地，低洼地 高考核心名词，地理类高频词，核心搭配：a river basin 河流盆地 32 grand /grænd/ adj. 宏伟的，壮丽的 高考高频形容词，核心搭配：grand mountains 壮丽的山脉，是场景描写高频词 33 canyon /'kænjən/ n. 峡谷 高考核心名词，自然地理类高频词，核心搭配：the Grand Canyon 科罗拉多大峡谷 34 valley /'væli/ n. 谷，山谷 高考核心名词，自然地理类高频词，核心搭配：a mountain valley 山谷 35 narrow /'nærəʊ/ adj. 狭窄的，不宽的 高考高频形容词，核心搭配：a narrow valley 狭窄的山谷，注意词性转换：narrow v. 变窄 36 platform /'plætfɔːm/ n. 高台，平台 高考核心名词，核心搭配：a mountain platform 山间平台 37 waterfall /'wɔːtəfɔːl/ n. 瀑布 高考核心名词，自然场景高频词，核心搭配：a beautiful waterfall 美丽的瀑布 38 thunder /'θʌndə/ v. 打雷 高考核心动词 / 名词，核心搭配：It is thundering. 正在打雷；a loud thunder 一声巨雷 39 channel /'tʃænl/ n. 海峡 高考核心名词，地理类高频词，核心搭配：the English Channel 英吉利海峡 40 tunnel /'tʌnl/ n. 隧道 高考核心名词，核心搭配：a mountain tunnel 穿山隧道 41 camel /'kæm(ə)l/ n. 骆驼 高考核心名词，动物类高频词，核心搭配：a camel in the desert 沙漠中的骆驼 42 desert /'dezət/ n. 沙漠，荒漠 高考核心名词，地理类高频词，核心搭配：the Sahara Desert 撒哈拉沙漠 43 sail /seɪl/ v. （乘船）航行 高考核心动词 / 名词，核心搭配：sail across the sea 航行过海；set sail 起航 44 climate /'klaɪmət/ n. 气候 高考核心名词，地理类高频词，核心搭配：a warm climate 温暖的气候 45 inside /ɪn'saɪd/ adv. 在（建筑物、房间）内 高考高频副词 / 介词，核心搭配：inside the house 在房子里 46 publish /'pʌblɪʃ/ v. 出版 高考核心动词，核心搭配：publish a book 出版一本书，注意词性转换：publication n. 出版 47 sunflower /'sʌnflaʊə/ n. 向日葵 高考核心名词，植物类高频词，核心搭配：a field of sunflowers 一片向日葵花田 48 expert /'ekspɜːt/ adj. 内行的，专家的 高考高频形容词 / 名词，核心搭配：an expert gardener 专业的园丁；an expert in sth. 某方面的专家 49 branch /brɑːntʃ/ n. 树枝 高考核心名词，核心搭配：a tree branch 树枝 50 rent /rent/ v. 租用，租借 高考核心动词 / 名词，核心搭配：rent a piece of land 租一块地；pay the rent 付租金 51 rooftop /'ruːftɒp/ n. 屋顶 高考核心名词，核心搭配：on the rooftop 在屋顶上 52 thistle /'θɪs(ə)l/ n. 蓟 高考核心名词，植物类高频词，是本单元课文引用的核心词汇 53 limited /'lɪmɪtɪd/ adj. 有限的 高考高频形容词，核心搭配：limited space 有限的空间，注意词性转换：limit v./n. 限制 54 benefit /'benɪfɪt/ n. 好处，益处 高考核心名词 / 动词，核心搭配：the benefits of sth. 某物的好处；benefit from 从…… 中受益，是高考高频核心词 55 herb /hɜːb/ n. （用于调味）香草 高考核心名词，核心搭配：cooking herbs 烹饪用香草 56 pleasant /'plez(ə)nt/ adj. 令人愉快的 高考高频形容词，核心搭配：a pleasant smell 宜人的气味，注意词性转换：please v. 使愉快；pleasure n. 愉快 57 flavour /'fleɪvə/ n. 味，味道 高考核心名词，核心搭配：a nice flavour 好味道，注意词性转换：flavourful adj. 有味道的 58 energy /'enədʒi/ n. 力量，活力 高考核心名词，核心搭配：full of energy 充满活力，是高考高频核心词 59 system /'sɪstəm/ n. 系统 高考核心名词，核心搭配：a growing system 种植系统，是说明文高频词 3、 核心短语与固定搭配 必修第一册Unit6核心短语与固定搭配 序号 短语/固定搭配 中文释义 课文适配例句 1 be covered in 被…… 覆盖 Imagine mountains wrapped in silver water, shining in the spring sun.（同义替换：Imagine that in spring the mountains are covered by strips of water） 2 be home to 是…… 的家园，为…… 的所在地 These terraces were built by the local Zhuang and Yao people, to whom Guangxi is home. 3 from the bottom to the very top 从底部到最顶端 The terraces are built on the slopes that rise up from the river to the top of the mountains.（同义替换：from the bottom to the very top of the mountains） 4 go to the trouble to do 费心做某事，特意做某事 So why did these people go to so much trouble to turn the entire mountains into terraces? 5 turn... into 把…… 变成 So why did these people go to so much trouble to turn the entire mountains into terraces? 6 plenty of 大量的，充足的 Secondly, although the region has plenty of rain, the mountains are steep and the soil is shallow. 7 prevent... from 防止…… 做某事 The flat terraces catch the rainwater and prevent the soil from being washed away. 8 wash away 冲走，冲掉 The flat terraces catch the rainwater and prevent the soil from being washed away. 9 in harmony with 与…… 和谐相处 The terraces are a perfect example of how people can live in harmony with nature. 10 provide... for 为…… 提供 The terraces provide a perfect living environment for many plants and animals. 11 pass down 传承，流传 The knowledge of terrace building has been passed down from generation to generation. 12 enter... into a competition 参加…… 比赛 Many gardeners enter their best plants into the national gardening competition. 13 lead to 导致，引起 But in cities, limited space has led to people looking for new solutions. 14 free-time activity 业余活动，休闲活动 What other free-time activity allows you to be at one with nature and create more beautiful living things? 15 allow... to do 允许…… 做某事 What other free-time activity allows you to be at one with nature and create more beautiful living things? 16 be at one with 与…… 融为一体，与…… 和谐共处 What other free-time activity allows you to be at one with nature and create more beautiful living things? 17 be in doubt 感到怀疑，拿不定主意 And if you're in any doubt about this, take a moment to reflect on this line from The Secret Garden. 18 reflect on 认真思考，反思 And if you're in any doubt about this, take a moment to reflect on this line from The Secret Garden. 19 green fingers 高超的种植技能 She has really green fingers and can make any plant grow well. 20 the whole world is a garden 整个世界就是一个花园 “If you look the right way, you can see that the whole world is a garden.” 4、 核心句型与长难句分析 必修第一册Unit6核心句型与长难句分析 序号 句型/长难句 句子类型 句子成分分析 仿写模板与例句 1 Imagine mountains wrapped in silver water, shining in the spring sun. Summer sees the mountains turn bright green with growing rice. 并列简单句（含非谓语动词） ① 第一句：祈使句，核心谓语 Imagine；宾语 mountains；后置定语 wrapped in silver water（过去分词短语作定语，修饰 mountains）；伴随状语 shining in the spring sun（现在分词短语作状语，表伴随）。② 第二句：简单句，主语 Summer；谓语 sees；宾语 the mountains；宾语补足语 turn bright green；状语 with growing rice。 仿写模板：Imagine + 宾语 + 后置定语 + 伴随状语。主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语 + 状语.仿写例句：Imagine lakes covered in thick ice, shining in the winter sun. Autumn sees the forests turn golden with falling leaves. 2 These terraces were built by the local Zhuang and Yao people, to whom Guangxi is home. 复合句（「介词 + 关系代词」引导的非限制性定语从句） ① 主句：These terraces were built by the local Zhuang and Yao people（被动语态，主语 These terraces，谓语 were built，动作执行者 by the local Zhuang and Yao people）。② 非限制性定语从句：to whom Guangxi is home（「介词 to + 关系代词 whom」引导，whom 指代先行词 the local Zhuang and Yao people，在从句中作介词 to 的宾语，从句正常语序为 Guangxi is home to them）。 仿写模板：主语 + 被动语态谓语 + 动作执行者，「介词 + 关系代词」引导的定语从句.仿写例句：These ancient buildings were built by the local craftsmen, for whom this town is home. 3 So why did these people go to so much trouble to turn the entire mountains into terraces? 特殊疑问句 ① 疑问副词：So why（引导特殊疑问句，表原因）；② 助动词：did（一般过去时的助动词，帮助构成疑问句）；③ 主语：these people；④ 谓语：go to so much trouble；⑤ 目的状语：to turn the entire mountains into terraces（动词不定式作目的状语）。 仿写模板：So why + 助动词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 目的状语？仿写例句：So why did the villagers go to so much trouble to build the bridge across the river? 4 Secondly, although the region has plenty of rain, the mountains are steep and the soil is shallow. The flat terraces catch the rainwater and prevent the soil from being washed away. 并列复合句（含让步状语从句） ① 第一句：让步状语从句 + 并列主句。从句：although the region has plenty of rain（although 引导的让步状语从句，表 “尽管”）；主句：the mountains are steep and the soil is shallow（and 连接的两个并列主系表结构）。② 第二句：并列简单句，主语 The flat terraces；并列谓语 catch 和 prevent；宾语分别为 the rainwater 和 the soil；状语 from being washed away（介词短语作状语，表被动）。 仿写模板：Secondly, although + 让步状语从句，并列主句。主语 + 并列谓语 + 宾语 + 状语.仿写例句：Secondly, although the area has plenty of sunshine, the land is dry and the water is scarce. The deep wells collect the groundwater and prevent the crops from dying of drought. 5 “If you look the right way, you can see that the whole world is a garden.” These words come from the author of the book The Secret Garden, first published in 1911. 复合句（含条件状语从句 + 宾语从句 + 过去分词定语） ① 直接引语：条件状语从句 + 主句。从句：If you look the right way（if 引导的条件状语从句）；主句：you can see that the whole world is a garden（主句中包含 that 引导的宾语从句，作 see 的宾语）。② 主句：These words come from the author of the book The Secret Garden；后置定语：first published in 1911（过去分词短语作定语，修饰 The Secret Garden，表被动）。 仿写模板：“If + 条件状语从句，主句 + 宾语从句.” 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 过去分词后置定语.仿写例句：“If you open your heart, you can find that the world is full of love.” These words come from the writer of the novel The Little Prince, first published in 1943. 6 But in cities, limited space has led to people looking for new solutions. Those without outside space can rent small pieces of land on which to grow things. 并列复合句（含「介词 + 关系代词」引导的定语从句） ① 第一句：简单句，地点状语 in cities；主语 limited space；谓语 has led to；宾语 people looking for new solutions（动名词的复合结构作宾语）。② 第二句：复合句，主语 Those；后置定语 without outside space；谓语 can rent；宾语 small pieces of land；定语 on which to grow things（「介词 on + 关系代词 which」引导的定语从句，修饰先行词 land，正常语序为 to grow things on which）。 仿写模板：But + 地点状语，主语 + 谓语 + 宾语。主语 + 后置定语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 「介词 + 关系代词」引导的定语从句.仿写例句：But in modern society, fast-paced life has led to people seeking more relaxing ways. Those with little free time can choose short trips on which to enjoy the beauty of nature. 7 What other free-time activity allows you to be at one with nature and create more beautiful living things? And if you're in any doubt about this, take a moment to reflect on this line from The Secret Garden: “Where you tend a rose... A thistle cannot grow.” 并列复合句（含特殊疑问句 + 条件状语从句 + 直接引语） ① 第一句：特殊疑问句，疑问词 What other free-time activity（作主语）；谓语 allows；宾语 you；宾语补足语 to be at one with nature and create more beautiful living things（and 连接的两个并列不定式作宾补）。② 第二句：条件状语从句 + 祈使句 + 直接引语。从句：if you're in any doubt about this（if 引导的条件状语从句）；主句：take a moment to reflect on this line from The Secret Garden（祈使句，动词不定式作目的状语）；直接引语：“Where you tend a rose... A thistle cannot grow.”（补充说明 line 的内容）。 仿写模板：What other + 名词 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语？And if + 条件状语从句，祈使句 + 直接引语.仿写例句：What other hobby allows you to relax your mind and improve your creativity? And if you're in any doubt about this, take a moment to think about this old saying: “Practice makes perfect.” 考点一 完成句子 1．You also have to wonder at the unique madness of a language _____ a house can burn up as it burns down. （用适当的词填空） 2．尽管图书馆仍在对外借阅图书，但多亏了地区图书馆的合作网络，你会发现找到你要找的东西更容易。 While libraries still loan out books, you'll ________________ whatever you're looking for, thanks to a cooperative network of area libraries. 3．An ancient temple with a history of hundreds of years stands on the top of the hill. (改为倒装句) →________________with a history of hundreds of years. 4．I dislike __________________. (你对待我的方式) (根据汉语提示完成句子) 5．正是我们的不懈努力使得生活逐渐发生变化。(强调句式) ________________ caused our life to change gradually. 6．它们的大小、颜色是相似的，然而形状不同。(while) Their sizes and colors are similar ________________． 7．我想，虽然金钱确实是美妙和必要的，但重读一个作者的作品是读者能付给他们的最高报酬。 I imagine that, ________________,  rereading an author's work is the highest currency a reader can pay them. 考点二 单词拼写 8．We are looking forward to the (benefit) and fun the project can bring to people here. （所给词的适当形式填空） 9．Shenzhen has been continuously improving its economic quality, with innovation and industrial modernization at the core, rather than (narrow) focusing on the pace of growth. （所给词的适当形式填空） 10．I'm sure he ignored you by accident and not design. （用适当的词填空） 11．The figure in the picture is in complete harmony the scenery. （用适当的词填空） 12．David was more than certain about getting his ideal job because the position which he applied was a perfect match for his skills. (用适当的词填空) 13．This is the library in I spent countless hours studying during my college years. (用适当的词填空) 14．A relationship with a true friend you can turn in trouble will surely produce fruit. （用适当的词填空） 考点三 短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Xijiang Qianhu Miao Village, 15 (locate) in Leishan County, Guizhou province, is home to 1,432 families and has 16 population of over 6,000 people. It is the 17 (large) Miao minority village in the world. It is a hidden paradise showcasing thousands of years of Miao history and traditional culture. The village is well- known 18 its amazing architecture consisting of more than 1,000 wooden buildings. These buildings, which 19 (build) one next to another many years ago, form a stunning view. You should never miss the panoramic (全景的) view of this village. You can enjoy it either in the daytime 20 at night. There 21 (be) viewing platforms on the opposite hill of Xijiang Miao Village and the electric car can take you there. 22 (stand) on the viewing platforms, you’ll enjoy the picturesque and peaceful panoramic view of the whole village in the daytime. And 23   the night falls and every household turns lights on, you’ll find the village is 24 (brilliant) illuminated (照亮) like the stars hanging in the sky. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Huangshan, also known 25 the Yellow Mountains, is one of. China’s most popular travel destinations. It is famous for its five 26 (wonder): odd-shaped pines (奇松), spectacular rocky peaks (怪石), sea of clouds, hot springs, and winter snow. I visited it two years ago, spending three days exploring the area. On the first day, I checked into a hotel in Tangkouzhen, a little town at the foot of the mountain. In the restaurant 27 was also run by the hotel owner, I ate an entire fish called stinky Mandarin fish by myself. The local food was delicious! The next morning, a bus took me to the base of Yungu Ropeway. After a 15-minute ride on the cable car, I 28 (see) wonderful views of Huangshan. I spent 29 rest of the morning visiting sights such as the Monkey Watching the Sea viewpoint before making 30 (I) way to a hotel on the mountain. After relaxing for a bit, I headed off to Danxia Peak 31 (catch) the sunset. At an elevation (海拔) of 1,625 meters, Danxia Peak gave me a sweeping view of the mountains below. On the 32 (three) day, I hiked through the West Sea Grand Canyon. It was kind of 33 (challenge) for me to hike downwards, but the views were extremely amazing. What impressed me most was the last attraction of my trip: Guest-Greeting Pine. While admiring it, I felt 34 (warm) welcomed there — and in China. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Have you heard of Peru? It is 35 country on the Pacific coast of South America with three main areas: narrow, dry, flat land 36 (run) along the coast, the Andes Mountains, and the Amazon rainforest. Spain took control of Peru in the 16th century and 37 (rule) it until 1821. It is for this reason that Spanish is the main official language of the country. If you are travelling in Peru soon, you can choose a short flight from Cusco, 38 takes you from the Andes into the Amazon rainforest. Taking a boat to your 39 (accommodate) in the middle of the forest is interesting. Besides, the city of Machu Picchu is a popular destination. I am sure you will feel 40 (amaze) there. Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed to hold walls together other 41 the perfect fit of the stones. Cusco is another popular destination for 42 (tourist). Cusco was the capital city of the Inca Empire, a powerful empire in South America until the 1500s. On Lake Titicaca, a boat will take you 43 (stay) with a local Uros family on an island for three days. Both the island and the Uros homes 44 (make) of water plants from the lake. 阅读下面的材料，在空格处填入一个恰当的单词或所给单词的正确形式，并将其填写在答题卡的对应位置。 Dazhou, 45 ancient city in eastern Sichuan, lies quietly at the southern foot of the Daba Mountains, 46 the Zhou River flowing through its heart. The people here always wear an expression of 47 (content), moving at a leisurely pace as if even time itself slows down upon arrival.   In the early morning, the mist still lingers over Fenghuang Mountain as elderly locals stroll along the stone steps, bird cages in hand, the melodious chirping of buntings 48 (fill) the air. Down the hill, in small noodle shops, the owner drops freshly rolled noodles into boiling water, surrounded by bowls of seasonings — chili oil, Sichuan pepper, garlic paste, 49 pickled mustard greens — essential elements of a Dazhou morning. While eating, an old man at the next table might suddenly strike 50 a conversation, chatting about last night’s rain or which shop serves the best beef noodles.   The rain in Dazhou is truly something special. Just as Li Shangyin’s poem 51 (go), “The night rain in Ba Mountains fills the autumn pools.” When it rains, the entire city 52 (envelop) in a damp mist, the bluestone pavements glistening, water dripping from the eaves of old houses. Yet, the food street near Sansheng Temple only grows livelier, with crowds huddling under awnings, savoring “Dengying Niurou” — beef sliced so thin it casts shadows under the light.   When it comes to Dazhou’s cuisine, one cannot overlook the “Qixingjiao” pepper. This tiny chili has the power to enliven an entire meal. 53 (smoke) bacon from local farms and fish from the Zhou River, once touched by its heat, seem to gain a soul. The people of Dazhou enjoy spice differently from Chongqing’s fiery intensity — their flavors are layered, starting with heat, followed by fragrance, and ending with a subtle sweetness, much like the local temperament: gentle on the surface, yet with a quiet depth.   The beauty of Dazhou does not lie in a fleeting glance, but in its enduring charm. It 54 (be) like a cup of aged laoyin tea — mild at first sip, but leaving a long, mellow aftertaste. 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 For people from outside the city, Chengdu is the Land of Abundance with a soft dialect, adorable giant pandas, tea houses 55 (fill) with bamboo chairs and tea fragrance, spicy Sichuan cuisine, Mount Qingcheng and the Dujiangyan Irrigation System, bars in the Yulin community, 56 Du Fu’s Thatched Cottage Museum. For the locals, Chengdu is their hometown with a charming dialect and delicious food in unattractive restaurants, where lovable “obedient” (服从的) husbands can 57 (find). It is a city   58 people enjoy the sweet taste of fresh pea shoots in spring, where they can relax and enjoy life, where they don’t get   59 (worry) and even earthquakes can’t stop them from finishing off the round of majiang (mahjong). Over the course of Qin and Han, Tang and Song dynasties, and up to the present day, Chengdu has kept a spirit that is unique   60 itself. It is a spirit of a vast vision, of perseverance and devotion when   61 (cross) the ancient road to Sichuan, of resilience (恢复力) and humour in the face of difficulty, of   62 (calm) and composure in daily life. It is a spirit of stubbornness and romance as seen in the story of Sima Xiangru and Zhuo Wenjun, of compassion (同情) for the people as embodied by Du Fu, and of bravery and   63 (determine) as the Sichuan Army showed in the Chinese War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. Today, Chengdu tells people that it has developed into a city of   64 youth for innovation and achieving dreams. 考点一 阅读理解 Imagine picking up a fresh cocoa fruit — most chocolate producers only use the beans inside and throw away the rest. This has been the traditional way for a long time. The cocoa fruit, which is about the size of a pumpkin, is full of nutrition, but it usually rots in the fields after the beans are taken out. However, food scientists in Switzerland have found a new way to make chocolate: using the entire cocoa fruit, including the fruit flesh, juice, and shell — without adding extra sugar. The key to this new chocolate is the sweet juice of the cocoa fruit. It tastes a bit like pineapple and contains 14% sugar. Scientists turn this juice into a highly concentrated syrup to replace added sugar. Roger Wehrli, who works for the Swiss chocolate producers’ association, thinks this new chocolate has a bright future. “Using the whole cocoa fruit can help farmers get better prices,” he said. Besides, reducing food waste by using the entire cocoa fruit can also help protect the environment. Now, some big chocolate producers in Switzerland have started to use cocoa fruit along with beans, but no one has completely stopped using extra sugar yet. 65．What’s the traditional way of making chocolate? A．Using the entire cocoa fruit. B．Using only the cocoa beans. C．Adding a lot of fresh fruit. D．Using cocoa juice instead of sugar. 66．Where does the sugar in the new chocolate come from? A．The cocoa beans. B．Pineapple syrup. C．The cocoa fruit juice. D．Added white sugar. 67．Why does Roger Wehrli support the new chocolate? A．It’s easier to make than traditional chocolate. B．It can bring higher income to farmers. C．It tastes better than traditional chocolate. D．It is more popular with young people. 68．What can we infer about the new chocolate? A．It has been widely sold in stores. B．It is more environmentally friendly. C．It is much cheaper than traditional chocolate. D．It will soon replace traditional chocolate. Over the centuries, we have discovered more about our world, and think that everything that could be discovered already has been. But the truth is that the world holds many more secrets waiting to be revealed. Here are four places that have yet to be opened up completely. The Mariana Trench The deepest and darkest place in the ocean is the 11,000-meter-deep Mariana Trench. Due to cold temperatures and huge water pressure, the deep ocean is totally unfriendly to humans. Although technological advances have led to the discovery of many new varieties of deep-sea animals on the ocean floor, there is a lot more to be learned. The Amazon rainforest The Amazon rainforest is said to make up around 50% of all of the rainforests in the world. Interest in its climate and resources has resulted in certain explorations. However, due to the extreme difficulty in getting to and entering the region, full exploration of it has been almost impossible. Up to now, 2.5 million insect species and 400,000 plant species have been officially documented. Greenland About 81% of Greenland is covered in ice, so it is almost completely unpopulated. Greenland has only been explored to a limited extent, as the climate is quite unsuitable for human life. Although research explorations are currently being carried out, the most interesting research in Greenland might tell us more about the past than the present. Deserts It is almost impossible to survive long periods of time in the desert. Thus, desert explorations have frequently had terrible results — many people are known to have died on such explorations. It is unclear whether anything of particular interest would be uncovered by further research into deserts, although there are animal and plant species there which are special. 69．Why is the Amazon rainforest not fully explored? A．Unclear research results. B．Difficulty in reaching the region. C．The unwelcoming environments. D．Lack of interest in its climate and resources. 70．Which of the four locations may provide more information of the past? A．The Mariana Trench. B．The Amazon rainforest. C．Deserts. D．Greenland. 71．Where is the text probably taken from? A．A news report. B．A club poster. C．A book review. D．A science magazine. If you take a walk through a Pittsburgh city park, you might come across a group of goats (山羊) eating poison ivy, one type of plants harmful to the ecosystem (生态系统). It is part of an experiment (实验). By eating a lot of plants, goats greatly cut down the plants that need to be treated with herbicides (除草剂). Herbicides are traditionally used to clear out unwanted plants. There is glyphosate in many herbicides, which is reported to lead to cancer — a serious illness. Herbicides can remain in the soil and on plants, and during rain, they are washed into streams and rivers, further polluting the ecosystem. There’s a need for goats all across the U.S., including California and New Mexico, where they help in wildfire prevention. Goats are sure-footed, and they enjoy climbing up and getting to the plants that are difficult for humans to clear away. They prefer woody plants, soft shoots and bushes (灌木丛) compared with other plant-eaters, such as cows, who are happy with grasses and low-lying plants. This makes goats perfect for clearing areas of high-growing woody plants that strengthen wildfires. However, there are challenges in using goats. Their hairs are thin, which means they couldn’t work outside in cold winter. Goats can break seeds (种子) of harmful plants down in their stomachs, so they don’t spread the plants they’re eating, but this also makes them easy to suffer from stomach illnesses. But when you think about the bigger picture, these problems are just small. One good thing that came from Pittsburgh’s goat experiment was the public interest it received. After the experiment finished, many other cities wanted to know how they could start a similar project. People, it turns out, also like goats. Park visitors love seeing the goats at work. Their presence brings a lot of joy and adds to the park experience! 72．Why are goats used in some city parks in the U.S.? A．To study their eating habits. B．To cut down the costs on herbicides. C．To attract more tourists to the parks. D．To deal with harmful plants in a natural way. 73．What can we infer about goats from paragraph 3? A．They are no better at climbing than cows. B．They prefer low-lying plants to woody bushes. C．They help prevent wildfires by eating specific plants. D．They are mainly raised in California and New Mexico. 74．What is the public’s attitude towards the goat project? A．Positive. B．Worried. C．Uncaring. D．Unclear. 75．Which of the following would be the best title for the text? A．The Disadvantages of Using Herbicides in Parks B．How Goats Help Protect the Ecosystem in the U.S. C．Different Ways to Prevent Wildfires Across the U.S. D．How Pittsburgh’s Park Experiment Was Carried Out Have you ever bought Genki Forest sparkling water because it’s advertised as “sugar-free” ? The company recently apologized for a misleading advertisement. The company said the drinks are “sucrose-free” (零蔗糖), but this is not the same as “sugar-free”. Now the company has changed the words “sugar-free” to “low-sugar” on the bottles. In fact, there are many kinds of sugar. Sucrose is just one of them. Other kinds of sugar, such as fructose and sugar alcohol, are still in Genki Forest drinks. These types of sugar are used as sweeteners (甜味剂). They offer little energy, but a small amount of them can make drinks taste sweet. That’s why diet drinks like Genki Forest are popular among people who want to lose weight. They believe that they can not only enjoy sweet drinks, but also avoid taking in too much sugar. However, studies find that the sweeteners might make people eat more. When you eat sweet-tasting things, sweeteners send up your brain a “sweet signal”. Then your brain tells your body to prepare itself to take in energy. But since the diet soft drink has little energy, the brain will not receive what it is expecting. At this time, you will feel hungry and start getting energy by eating more food. According to China Daily, drinking too many diet drinks might make you fat and lead to type 2 diabetes. It’s time for you to think twice about the diet drink trend. 76．Why did Genki Forest recently apologize? A．For not having any sugar in its drinks. B．For making too many advertisements. C．For advertising its drinks incorrectly. D．For incorrectly spelling words in its packaging. 77．What do we know about Genki Forest from Paragraph 3? A．There are sweeteners in its drinks. B．Its drinks have high levels of sucrose. C．Its drinks taste sweeter than other drinks. D．People can lose weight by drinking its drinks. 78．What does the underlined word “itself” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．your brain B．your body C．sweetener D．fructose 79．What do studies show about sweeteners? A．They are used more in food than drinks. B．They might make people feel hungry. C．They provide enough energy for those on a diet. D．They cause the brain to stop receiving signals. 80．According to the last paragraph, drinking lots of diet drinks can be________. A．harmful B．strange C．enjoyable D．fashionable Plastics (塑料) are amazing materials which are widely used in our daily lives. Besides, they’re often cheap to make. About 8.3 billion metric tons of plastic have been produced to date. That’s about 1,400 times the weight of the Great Pyramid of Giza. Some of that plastic is still in use. But about 5.8 billion metric tons have been thrown away. All that plastic waste is an environmental threat. Only about 9 percent of plastic waste has been recycled. Another 12 percent has been burned. The remaining 79 percent ended up in landfills or in nature, which, like the Lego block, takes a long time to decompose (降解). Plastic litters the world from the highest mountaintop to the deepest seafloor. Many animals might regard this rubbish as food. If they get full, these animals may forget to eat real food and suffer. Plastic rubbish in the oceans also leaves birds, turtles and other wildlife in a jam. Big pieces of plastic aren’t the only problem. Abandoned plastic can break into tiny bits called microplastics. Winds blow these bits far and wide. Ocean waves can spread them through the sea. They build up inside animals and also get into our food and drinking water. Each American is likely to consume (摄入/吞食) more than 70,000 microplastic pieces per year. Right now, no one knows what risk that might bring. Scientists have some ideas about how to clean up this mess. The Ocean Cleanup is developing cleanup systems to fish out plastic pieces from the Great Pacific Garbage Patch. And new technology could help microplastics decompose in the environment. But as far as I know, many of these plans are still far from effective (有效的) so far. The best way to help Earth right now is to stop buying so much plastic — and then throwing it out — in the first place. 81．What does the Lego block show about plastic waste? A．It is hard to break down. B．Little of it has been burned. C．It is easy to be recycled. D．Most of it ends up in landfills. 82．How might the plastic rubbish influence animals? A．By making them suffer from hunger. B．By reducing their food. C．By piling up in their homes. D．By changing the environment. 83．What is the author’s attitude to the present methods of cleaning plastic waste? A．Objective(客观的). B．Supportive. C．Doubtful. D．Favorable. 84．Why does the author write the text? A．To criticize plastic production. B．To suggest ways to deal with environmental issues. C．To call on people to protect the environment. D．To introduce the present(目前的) situation of plastic pollution. My mom is pretty cool. She is always trying to think of ways to give the environment a helping hand. One day, she brought a 85 cake to work. At lunch, she 86 the cake with friends. Everyone liked it. They were all surprised how she made it. The story goes back a few weeks. Our city started a new recycling program — families were supposed to separate food 87 from the other kitchen waste. My family loves 88 . My father 89 loves watermelons. He eats a lot of them in summer. The skin (果皮) always ends up in the rubbish. That’s almost half the 90 of a watermelon! After a lot of thinking, my mom found a better way to 91 all the melon skins. She brought out the blender and cut the melon skins into small pieces. 92 she blended them, she got a whole cup of green watermelon juice. Then, she mixed the juice with flour (面粉). From there, she carefully made her 93 GREEN cake. What a great product of the melon eating! And it was friendly to nature too. From now on, my mom doesn’t need to 94 the heavy waste from eating melons. And everyone always wants more of her special cake. 85．A．green B．yellow C．brown D．white 86．A．made B．shared C．sold D．bought 87．A．rubbish B．smell C．value D．safety 88．A．sugar B．salad C．salt D．fruit 89．A．especially B．carefully C．successfully D．traditionally 90．A．color B．style C．size D．weight 91．A．see B．drink C．use D．list 92．A．Since B．Unless C．After D．Before 93．A．salty B．sour C．terrible D．delicious 94．A．agree with B．worry about C．care about D．look after 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $