英语介词知识点与100题选择练习-2026-2027学年高考一轮复习

做题总思路  先看句意和名词关系，再判断时间、地点、方式、原因或固定搭配；遇到动词、形容词、名词后的介词，优先想固定结构。

考点

中高考常考方法

例句

介词 + 宾语

介词后通常接名词、代词宾格、动名词或名词性从句；动词放在介词后要用 -ing。

after school；with me；without saying goodbye；because of what he said

介词短语作状语

说明时间、地点、方式、原因、条件、让步等，是中高考语法填空和完形常考线索。

He arrived at night. She solved it with my help.

介词短语作定语

放在名词后修饰名词，常考“名词 + 介词”的固定搭配。

the key to the door；the girl in red；a way of learning English

介词短语作表语

be 后可接介词短语表示状态、地点、身份或处境。

The book is on the desk. He is in trouble.

介词 vs 副词小品词

look at 中 at 是介词；look up 中 up 可作副词。若后接宾语，注意代词位置。

look at me；look it up；put them on

介词不可单独作谓语

介词短语不能单独充当谓语，做题时要区分谓语动词和介词短语。

He went to school. 不能说 He to school.

考点

中高考常考方法

例句

at / on / in

at 用于具体时刻、年龄、节日点；on 用于具体某天或某天的上下午；in 用于较长时间段。

at 7:30；at the age of six；on Monday morning；in May；in 2026；in spring

in / after / later

in + 一段时间常用于将来；after + 一段时间可用于

I will return in two days. He came back after two days. Two days later,

过去；时间段 + later 常跟过去时。

he left.

for / since

for 接持续时间；since 接起点时间或从句，常与完成时连用。

for three years；since 2020；since I was ten

during / for / over

during 强调在某段期间内；for 强调持续多久；over 可表示在一段时间里。

during the holiday；for two weeks；over the past ten years

by / until / till

by 表“不迟于某时完成”；until/till 表动作或状态“一直到某时”。

finish it by Friday；wait until ten o'clock；not leave until the rain stopped

before / after

表示先后顺序，也可接名词、动名词或从句。

before class；after school；before leaving；after he arrived

from...to / between...and

表示时间范围的两端；between 后常与 and 连用。

from 8 to 10；between Monday and Friday

时间点表达

past/to 可用于几点几分；half past, a quarter to/past 是常见表达。

ten past six；a quarter to nine；half past seven

固定时间短语

注意 at night, at noon, at first, in the morning, in time, on time 等固定用法。

at night；in the end；on the first day；arrive on time；get there in time

考点

中高考常考方法

例句

at / in / on 地点

at 强调点或小地点；in 强调在内部或较大地点；on 强调表面、线上或楼层。

at the gate；in Beijing；in the room；on the wall；on the second floor

in / on / to 表方位

in 表在范围内；on 表接壤；to 表相离。

Taiwan is in the southeast of China. Korea is to the east of China.

above / over / on

above 表位置高于，不一定正上方；over 表正上方、越过或覆盖；on 表接触。

above zero；a bridge over the river；a book on the desk

under / below / beneath

under 多指正下方；below 指低于某水平或位置；beneath 较书面。

under the table；below sea level；beneath the surface

in front of / in the front of

in front of 指外部前方；in the front of 指内部前部。

a tree in front of the classroom；a desk in the front of the classroom

behind / before

behind 表在后面；before 可表位置“在……前”但更常考时间或顺序。

behind the house；stand before the judge

near / beside / by / next to

near 表附近；beside/by/next to 表在旁边，其中 next to 更强调紧挨着。

near the park；beside the window；by the river；next to me

opposite / across from

opposite 或 across from 表在对面。

The bank is opposite the school. The hotel is across from the station.

between / among

between 表两者之间，也可表示明确的多个个体之间；among 表三者或三者以上笼统之中。

between you and me；between the three cities；among the students

inside / outside / around

inside 在里面，outside 在外面，around 在周围或大约。

inside the box；outside the gate；around the lake；around ten people

考点

中高考常考方法

例句

to / towards / for

to 强调到达方向或目标；towards 强调朝向；for 可表示动身去某地。

go to school；walk towards the door；leave for Beijing

into / out of

into 表进入内部；out of 表从内部出来。

run into the room；come out of the house

onto / off

onto 表到某物表面上；off 表离开、脱离。

jump onto the bus；fall off the bike；take off your coat

across / through

across 表从表面横穿；through 表从内部穿过。

walk across the street；go through the forest；look through the window

over / past

over 表越过；past 表经过旁边。

climb over the wall；walk past the bank

along / up / down

along 沿着；up/down 可表示沿某方向上行或下行，也可不一定真有上下坡。

walk along the river；go up the street；run down the road

from / away from

from 表来源或起点；away from 表远离。

come from China；keep away from fire

round / around

表示围绕、绕过、到处，也可表示大约。

run around the playground；travel around the world

练习说明  每题选择一个最佳答案。题目已混排，覆盖时间、地点方位、方式手段、原因排除、固定搭配和中高考高频辨析。