期末复习——语法专项训练 2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

**基本信息** 以单元为单位系统梳理八年级下册核心语法，融合方法详解与分层训练，强化语言能力与思维品质 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |时态类|4单元/3题型|用法+结构+否定疑问+易混区分|从一般现在时到一般将来时，按学习进阶构建时态体系| |情态动词|1单元/3题型|should用法+提建议句型|结合健康主题，实现功能语法情境化应用| |比较级|1单元/3题型|变化规则+特殊用法+修饰词|从形容词到副词，由规则到不规则递进| |复合句|1单元/3题型|引导词+语序+时态呼应|以宾语从句为核心，建立复合句语法框架| |综合应用|1套/2题型|全册语法点整合训练|通过跨单元考点融合，提升综合语言运用能力|

期末复习——语法专项训练 2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册 Unit 1 Time to Relax 一、单元核心语法重点详解 1. 一般现在时 核心用法：① 表示经常性、习惯性的动作 / 状态，常和频度副词连用；② 表示客观真理、事实；③ 表示现在的状态。 结构规则：主语为第三人称单数时，谓语动词加 - s/-es；其他人称用动词原形。 否定 / 疑问：实义动词的否定句 / 疑问句需借助助动词 do/does，助动词后动词用原形。 2. 现在进行时 核心用法：① 表示此时此刻正在进行的动作，常和 now、look、listen 等提示词连用；② 表示现阶段正在进行的动作（不一定此刻正在做）。 结构规则：am/is/are + 动词现在分词（-ing 形式）。 否定 / 疑问：直接在 be 动词后加 not 构成否定句，把 be 动词提前构成疑问句。 3. 频度副词 核心定义：表示动作发生频率的副词，按频率从高到低排序：always (总是) > usually (通常) > often (经常) > sometimes (有时) > hardly ever (几乎不) > never (从不)。 位置规则：位于实义动词之前，be 动词、助动词、情态动词之后。 二、专项训练题 （一）单项选择 1. My mother usually ______ breakfast for us at 7:00 every morning. A. cook B. cooks C. is cooking D. cooked 2. Look! The children ______ on the playground happily. A. run B. runs C. are running D. ran 3. He ______ eats fast food because he thinks it's bad for his health. A. always B. usually C. often D. hardly ever 4. Listen! Someone ______ in the music room. A. sing B. sings C. is singing D. sang 5. They ______ to school by bike on weekdays. A. go B. goes C. are going D. went （二）用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. My father ______ (read) newspapers after dinner every day. 2. Be quiet! The baby ______ (sleep) in the bedroom now. 3. We ______ (not have) classes on Saturdays and Sundays. 4. —What ______ you ______ (do) at the moment? —I ______ (draw) a picture of my family. 5. Tom always ______ (help) his classmates with their math homework. （三）完成句子 1. 我姐姐通常周末去购物。 My sister usually ______ ______ on weekends. 2. 现在学生们正在教室里上英语课。 The students ______ ______ an English class in the classroom now. 3. 他几乎从不熬夜。 He ______ ______ stays up late. 4. 我爸爸每天晚上都看电视。 My father ______ ______ every evening. 5. 看！一只小鸟正在树上唱歌。 Look! A bird ______ ______ in the tree. Unit 2 Stay Healthy 一、单元核心语法重点详解 1. 情态动词 should/shouldn't 核心用法：should 是情态动词，后接动词原形，无人称和数的变化。① 表示 "应该、应当"，用于提建议、劝告；② 否定形式 shouldn't 表示 "不应该"，用于劝阻、禁止。 句式结构：肯定句：主语 + should + 动词原形；否定句：主语 + shouldn't + 动词原形；疑问句：Should + 主语 + 动词原形？ 2. 提建议核心句型 除 should 外，本单元核心提建议句型还有： had better (not) do sth. 最好（不要）做某事 Why not do sth.? 为什么不做某事？ What/How about doing sth.? 做某事怎么样？ It's a good idea to do sth. 做某事是个好主意。 二、专项训练题 （一）单项选择 1. You have a bad cold. You ______ drink more hot water and have a good rest. A. should B. shouldn't C. could D. couldn't 2. You ______ stay up late. It's really bad for your health. A. should B. shouldn't C. must D. mustn't 3. —I have a toothache. What should I do? —You ______ go to see a dentist at once. A. had better B. would better C. had better not D. would better not 4. To keep healthy, we ______ eat more vegetables and fruit every day. A. should B. shouldn't C. can D. can't 5. You ______ eat too much junk food. It has no nutrition. A. should B. shouldn't C. must D. mustn't （二）根据句意用 should 或 shouldn't 填空 1. You ______ brush your teeth twice a day to keep them healthy. 2. We ______ spend too much time playing computer games. 3. If you feel tired, you ______ take a break and relax yourself. 4. Students ______ be late for school. It's the class rule. 5. You ______ exercise for at least half an hour every day. （三）完成句子 1. 你应该每天喝八杯水。 You ______ ______ eight glasses of water every day. 2. 我们不应该在教室里吃东西。 We ______ ______ in the classroom. 3. 你最好现在就完成你的作业。 You ______ ______ finish your homework now. 4. 为什么不出去散散步呢？ ______ ______ go out for a walk? 5. 每天跑步是个好主意。 ______ a good idea ______ ______ every day. Unit 3 Growing Up 一、单元核心语法重点详解 1. 一般过去时 核心用法：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和 yesterday、last week、...ago、in 2020 等表示过去的时间状语连用。 结构规则：① be 动词用 was/were（第一 / 三人称单数用 was，其他人称用 were）；② 实义动词用过去式（规则动词加 - ed，不规则动词需特殊记忆）。 否定 / 疑问：实义动词的否定句 / 疑问句需借助助动词 did，助动词后动词用原形。 2. used to do 结构 核心含义：表示 "过去常常做某事，现在已经不做了"，强调过去和现在的对比。 结构规则：used to + 动词原形，无人称和数的变化。 否定 / 疑问：否定句：主语 + didn't use to + 动词原形；疑问句：Did + 主语 + use to + 动词原形？ 易混区分：be used to doing sth. 表示 "习惯于做某事"，to 是介词，后接动名词，不要和 used to do 混淆。 二、专项训练题 （一）单项选择 1. I ______ to the Summer Palace with my parents last summer. A. go B. went C. am going D. will go 2. He ______ play computer games a lot, but now he likes reading books. A. used to B. is used to C. was used to D. uses to 3. —When ______ you ______ your homework yesterday evening? —I finished it at 9:30. A. do; finish B. did; finish C. did; finished D. do; finished 4. My sister ______ short when she was in primary school. A. used to be B. is used to be C. used to being D. is used to being 5. They ______ a wonderful time at the birthday party last night. A. have B. has C. had D. will have （二）用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. Tom ______ (visit) his grandparents last weekend. 2. I ______ (not see) him at school yesterday. 3. She ______ (be) a volunteer in the community three years ago. 4. He ______ (use) to be afraid of the dark. 5. We ______ (play) basketball on the playground yesterday afternoon. （三）完成句子 1. 我去年去了上海。 I ______ ______ Shanghai last year. 2. 他过去常常骑自行车去上学。 He ______ ______ ______ to school by bike. 3. 昨天晚上我看了一部有趣的电影。 I ______ an interesting movie last night. 4. 她十年前住在北京。 She ______ in Beijing ten years ago. 5. 他们上周没有去公园。 They ______ ______ to the park last week. Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature 一、单元核心语法重点详解 1. 形容词 & 副词的比较级 核心用法：用于两者之间的比较，表示 "更……"，常和 than 连用。 变化规则： 1. 单音节词：一般在词尾加 - er（tall→taller，fast→faster）； 2. 多音节词：在词前加 more（interesting→more interesting，beautifully→more beautifully）； 3. 不规则变化：good/well→better，bad/ill→worse，many/much→more，little→less，far→farther/further。 特殊用法：比较级前可以加 much、a lot、a little、even 等词修饰，表示程度。 2. 形容词 & 副词的最高级 核心用法：用于三者及以上之间的比较，表示 "最……"，常和 in/of 表示范围的短语连用。 变化规则： 1. 单音节词：一般在词尾加 - est（tall→tallest，fast→fastest）； 2. 多音节词：在词前加 most（interesting→most interesting，beautifully→most beautifully）； 3. 不规则变化：good/well→best，bad/ill→worst，many/much→most，little→least，far→farthest/furthest。 特殊用法：形容词最高级前必须加定冠词 the，副词最高级前的 the 可以省略。 二、专项训练题 （一）单项选择 1. This storybook is ______ than that one. I like it better. A. interesting B. more interesting C. most interesting D. the most interesting 2. He runs ______ than any other boy in his class. A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. the fastest 3. The Yangtze River is the ______ river in China. A. long B. longer C. longest D. the longest 4. —Which is ______, the elephant or the tiger? —The elephant, of course. A. big B. bigger C. biggest D. the biggest 5. She sings ______ than her sister. A. good B. well C. better D. best （二）用所给词的适当形式填空 1. This apple is ______ (big) than that one. 2. He studies ______ (hard) than his deskmate. 3. Which is ______ (easy), English or math? 4. The weather today is ______ (bad) than it was yesterday. 5. She is ______ (tall) of the two girls. 6. This is ______ (beautiful) picture in the museum. 7. He can jump ______ (far) than me. 8. Who writes ______ (careful) in your class? （三）完成句子 1. 这个房间比那个房间大得多。 This room is ______ ______ than that one. 2. 他是我们班最高的男生。 He is ______ ______ boy in our class. 3. 英语比数学更有趣。 English is ______ ______ than math. 4. 她在我们学校跳舞跳得最好。 She dances ______ in our school. 5. 这本书比那本书难一点。 This book is ______ ______ ______ than that one. Unit 5 Nature's Temper 一、单元核心语法重点详解 1. 过去进行时 核心用法：表示过去某个具体的时间点或时间段内正在进行的动作，不强调动作是否完成，只强调动作在过去某个时间正在持续。 结构规则：was/were + 动词现在分词（-ing 形式），第一 / 三人称单数用 was，其他人称用 were。 常用时间状语：at 8 o'clock yesterday morning、at this time last night、from 7:00 to 9:00 yesterday evening、while 等。 和一般过去时的区别： 一般过去时：表示过去发生的动作已经结束，强调动作的结果； 过去进行时：表示过去某个时间动作正在进行，强调动作的持续过程。 固定句式：while 引导的时间状语从句，主句和从句都用过去进行时，表示两个动作在过去同时进行。 二、专项训练题 （一）单项选择 1. I ______ TV when the telephone rang last night. A. watch B. watched C. am watching D. was watching 2. They ______ a meeting at 10 o'clock yesterday morning. A. have B. had C. are having D. were having 3. —What ______ you ______ at this time last Saturday? —I was reading a novel in the library. A. do; do B. did; do C. were; doing D. are; doing 4. While she ______ dinner in the kitchen, her son came back home. A. cooks B. cooked C. is cooking D. was cooking 5. He ______ his homework at 7:30 yesterday evening. A. does B. did C. is doing D. was doing （二）用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. She ______ (read) a magazine at 10 o'clock last night. 2. They ______ (play) football when it began to rain heavily. 3. While I ______ (walk) in the street, I met an old friend of mine. 4. What ______ he ______ (do) at this time yesterday? 5. We ______ (have) dinner when the light went out suddenly. 6. The students ______ (listen) to the teacher carefully at 8:00 yesterday morning. 7. He ______ (write) a letter to his pen pal from 7:00 to 8:00 last night. 8. While the boys ______ (play) basketball, the girls ______ (dance) on the playground. （三）完成句子 1. 昨天晚上 8 点我正在做作业。 I ______ ______ my homework at 8 o'clock last night. 2. 当妈妈进来的时候，我正在玩电脑游戏。 I ______ ______ computer games when my mother came in. 3. 昨天这个时候他们正在开会。 They ______ ______ a meeting at this time yesterday. 4. 当我在做饭的时候，我弟弟正在看电视。 While I ______ ______, my brother ______ ______ TV. 5. 昨天下午 3 点到 5 点我们正在公园野餐。 We ______ ______ a picnic in the park from 3:00 to 5:00 yesterday afternoon. Unit 6 Crossing Cultures 一、单元核心语法重点详解 1. 宾语从句（that/if/whether 引导） 核心定义：在句子中作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句，位于及物动词、介词或形容词之后。 核心三要素： 1. 引导词： 陈述句作宾语从句，用 that 引导，that 在从句中无实际意义，可省略； 一般疑问句作宾语从句，用 if 或 whether 引导，意为 "是否"，不能省略，可互换。 2. 语序：宾语从句必须用陈述语序（主语 + 谓语），不能用疑问语序。 3. 时态： 主句是一般现在时，从句可根据实际情况用任何时态； 主句是一般过去时，从句必须用相应的过去时态（客观真理、自然现象除外，仍用一般现在时）。 句式结构：主句 + 引导词 + 宾语从句（陈述语序） 二、专项训练题 （一）单项选择 1. He said ______ he would come to my birthday party. A. that B. if C. whether D. what 2. I don't know ______ he will arrive tomorrow. A. that B. if C. what D. who 3. Could you tell me ______ the nearest bus stop is? A. that B. if C. where D. what 4. She asked me ______ I liked traveling abroad. A. that B. whether C. what D. which 5. Our teacher told us ______ the earth goes around the sun. A. that B. if C. whether D. who （二）句型转换（合并为一句，改为宾语从句） 1. "I am a middle school student," he said. He said ______ ______ ______ a middle school student. 2. Does he like playing basketball? I want to know. I want to know ______ ______ ______ playing basketball. 3. She will visit the Great Wall next week. I think. I think ______ ______ ______ the Great Wall next week. 4. "Are you from Canada?" he asked me. He asked me ______ ______ ______ from Canada. 5. The light travels faster than the sound. My physics teacher told us. My physics teacher told us ______ the light ______ faster than the sound. （三）完成句子 1. 我知道他是一个好学生。 I know ______ ______ ______ a good student. 2. 我不知道她明天是否会来。 I don't know ______ ______ ______ come tomorrow. 3. 他问我是否去过北京。 He asked me ______ ______ ______ ______ to Beijing. 4. 我们的老师告诉我们努力学习很重要。 Our teacher told us ______ ______ very important to study hard. 5. 你能告诉我图书馆在哪里吗？ Could you tell me ______ the library ______? Unit 7 A Good Read 一、单元核心语法重点详解 1. 现在完成时 核心用法： 1. 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常和 already、yet、just、ever、never 等副词连用； 2. 表示动作从过去开始，一直持续到现在，常和 for + 时间段、since + 时间点连用。 结构规则：have/has + 动词过去分词，第一 / 二人称单复数、第三人称复数用 have，第三人称单数用 has。 核心副词用法： already：已经，用于肯定句，位于 have/has 之后，过去分词之前； yet：还、仍然，用于否定句和疑问句，位于句末； ever：曾经，用于疑问句，位于 have/has 之后； never：从不，表否定，位于 have/has 之后。 易混区分： have been to + 地点：表示 "去过某地（现在已经回来）"； have gone to + 地点：表示 "去了某地（现在还没回来，不在说话现场）"。 和一般过去时的区别：现在完成时强调动作和现在的联系，不能和具体的过去时间状语（yesterday、last week 等）连用；一般过去时只强调过去发生的动作，和现在无关，可和具体过去时间状语连用。 二、专项训练题 （一）单项选择 1. I ______ already ______ the novel. It's really wonderful. A. have; read B. has; read C. have; readed D. has; readed 2. He ______ in this city for five years. A. has lived B. have lived C. lived D. lives 3. —______ you ______ your homework yet? —Yes, I finished it ten minutes ago. A. Did; finish B. Have; finished C. Do; finish D. Will; finish 4. She ______ never ______ to the Great Wall. A. has; been B. have; been C. has; gone D. have; gone 5. They ______ here since 2018. A. live B. lived C. have lived D. will live （二）用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. I ______ (not see) him for a long time. 2. She ______ (just finish) her composition. 3. We ______ (be) to Hangzhou three times. 4. He ______ (work) in this factory since he left school. 5. ______ you ever ______ (read) this book? 6. They ______ (already build) two new buildings this year. 7. I ______ (never hear) of that man before. 8. She ______ (study) English for six years. （三）完成句子 1. 我已经看过这部电影了。 I ______ ______ ______ this movie. 2. 他在北京住了 10 年了。 He ______ ______ in Beijing for 10 years. 3. 你曾经去过上海吗？ ______ you ever ______ to Shanghai? 4. 我从来没有听说过这个故事。 I ______ ______ ______ of this story. 5. 他们还没有完成他们的工作。 They ______ ______ their work ______. Unit 8 Making a Difference 一、单元核心语法重点详解 1. 一般将来时 核心用法：表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，常和 tomorrow、next week、in the future、this weekend 等表示将来的时间状语连用。 核心结构： 1. will/shall + 动词原形： shall 用于第一人称 I/we，will 用于各种人称，无人称和数的变化； 否定句：will/shall + not + 动词原形（will not 可缩写为 won't）； 疑问句：Will/Shall + 主语 + 动词原形？ 核心用法：表示客观上将来要发生的动作，或临时决定要做的事。 2. be going to + 动词原形： 结构：am/is/are + going to + 动词原形，be 动词根据主语变化； 否定句：am/is/are + not + going to + 动词原形； 疑问句：Am/Is/Are + 主语 + going to + 动词原形？ 核心用法：表示计划、打算要做的事，或根据迹象判断即将发生的事。 there be 句型的将来时：there will be /there is/are going to be，表示 "将来会有……"，不能说 there will have。 二、专项训练题 （一）单项选择 1. I ______ my grandparents with my parents tomorrow. A. visit B. visited C. am going to visit D. have visited 2. There ______ a football match on TV this evening. A. is B. was C. is going to be D. has been 3. —What ______ you ______ this Saturday? —I am going to see a movie with my friends. A. do; do B. did; do C. are; going to do D. have; done 4. He ______ to Beijing on business next week. A. goes B. went C. will go D. has gone 5. We ______ a party for our English teacher next Friday. A. have B. had C. are going to have D. have had （二）用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. They ______ (have) a picnic in the park tomorrow. 2. I ______ (not go) to school tomorrow because I am ill. 3. What ______ you ______ (do) this Sunday? 4. She ______ (buy) a new computer next month. 5. There ______ (be) a sports meeting in our school next week. 6. I think it ______ (rain) this afternoon. 7. We ______ (visit) the Great Wall this summer vacation. 8. He ______ (not play) computer games this weekend. （三）完成句子 1. 我明天打算去图书馆。 I ______ ______ ______ go to the library tomorrow. 2. 下周我们学校将有一场英语演讲比赛。 There ______ ______ ______ ______ an English speech contest in our school next week. 3. 他下个月要去上海出差。 He ______ ______ to Shanghai on business next month. 4. 这个周末你打算做什么？ What ______ you ______ ______ ______ this weekend? 5. 我认为明天不会下雨。 I ______ think it ______ rain tomorrow.  综合能力提升训练 一、单项选择（综合考查全册语法考点） 1. —Where is Tom? —He ______ to the library. He will be back in half an hour. A. has gone B. has been C. went D. goes 2. My mother ______ dinner when I got home yesterday evening. A. cooks B. cooked C. is cooking D. was cooking 3. He ______ play the guitar when he was only four years old. A. can B. could C. may D. might 4. This movie is ______ than that one. I want to watch it again. A. interesting B. more interesting C. most interesting D. the most interesting 5. I ______ you as soon as I arrive in Shanghai. A. call B. called C. will call D. have called 6. She said she ______ to the Summer Palace the next day. A. will go B. would go C. goes D. went 7. —______ you ______ your lunch yet? —Yes, I had it at school. A. Did; have B. Have; had C. Do; have D. Will; have 8. He ______ to school by bike every day. A. go B. goes C. went D. will go 9. —What were you doing at nine last night? —I ______ TV with my family. A. watch B. watched C. am watching D. was watching 10. I don't know ______ he will come to the party or not. A. that B. if C. whether D. what 二、完成句子 1. 他已经学英语五年了。 He ______ ______ English for five years. 2. 昨天这个时候我正在做作业。 I ______ ______ my homework at this time yesterday. 3. 你应该每天锻炼一小时。 You ______ ______ for an hour every day. 4. 我认为他明天不会来。 I ______ ______ he ______ come tomorrow. 5. 他们下周打算去北京。 They ______ ______ ______ go to Beijing next week. 6. 她过去很害羞。 She ______ ______ be very shy. 7. 这本书比那本书有趣得多。 This book is ______ ______ ______ than that one. 8. 当我到家的时候，妈妈正在做饭。 When I got home, my mother ______ ______. 完整参考答案 Unit 1 Time to Relax （一）单项选择：1.B 2.C 3.D 4.C 5.A （二）动词填空：1.reads 2.is sleeping 3.don't have 4.are; doing; am drawing 5.helps （三）完成句子：1.goes shopping 2.are having 3.hardly ever 4.watches TV 5.is singing Unit 2 Stay Healthy （一）单项选择：1.A 2.B 3.A 4.A 5.B （二）填空：1.should 2.shouldn't 3.should 4.shouldn't 5.should （三）完成句子：1.should drink 2.shouldn't eat 3.had better 4.Why not 5.It's; to run Unit 3 Growing Up （一）单项选择：1.B 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.C （二）动词填空：1.visited 2.didn't see 3.was 4.used 5.played （三）完成句子：1.went to 2.used to go 3.watched 4.lived 5.didn't go Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature （一）单项选择：1.B 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.C （二）填空：1.bigger 2.harder 3.easier 4.worse 5.the taller 6.the most beautiful 7.farther 8.the most carefully （三）完成句子：1.much bigger 2.the tallest 3.more interesting 4.best 5.a little more difficult Unit 5 Nature's Temper （一）单项选择：1.D 2.D 3.C 4.D 5.D （二）动词填空：1.was reading 2.were playing 3.was walking 4.was; doing 5.were having 6.were listening 7.was writing 8.were playing; were dancing （三）完成句子：1.was doing 2.was playing 3.were having 4.was cooking; was watching 5.were having Unit 6 Crossing Cultures （一）单项选择：1.A 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.A （二）句型转换：1.that he was 2.if/whether he likes 3.that she will visit 4.if/whether I was 5.that; travels （三）完成句子：1.that he is 2.if/whether she will 3.if/whether I had been 4.that it is 5.where; is Unit 7 A Good Read （一）单项选择：1.A 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.C （二）动词填空：1.haven't seen 2.has just finished 3.have been 4.has worked 5.Have; read 6.have already built 7.have never heard 8.has studied （三）完成句子：1.have already watched 2.has lived 3.Have; been 4.have never heard 5.haven't finished; yet Unit 8 Making a Difference （一）单项选择：1.C 2.C 3.C 4.C 5.C （二）动词填空：1.are going to have/will have 2.am not going to go/won't go 3.are; going to do/will; do 4.is going to buy/will buy 5.is going to be/will be 6.will rain 7.are going to visit/will visit 8.isn't going to play/won't play （三）完成句子：1.am going to 2.is going to be 3.will go 4.are; going to do 5.don't; will 综合能力提升训练 （一）单项选择：1.A 2.D 3.B 4.B 5.C 6.B 7.B 8.B 9.D 10.C （二）完成句子：1.has studied 2.was doing 3.should exercise 4.don't think; will 5.are going to 6.used to 7.much more interesting 8.was cooking 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $