第01讲 Unit 1 Know yourself（知识全梳理&考点精准练）（暑假预习讲义）新九年级英语新教材译林版上册

第01讲 Unit 1 Know yourself （知识全梳理&考点精准练） 内容导航 01 预习航标→ 析目标·明方向：预习导航精准定向 02 教材全解 → 析教材·学新知：情境概念深度构 考点精讲：聚焦常考要点，讲清逻辑 例题精析：典型题目带路，学会解题思路 即练固基：趁热打铁练一练，巩固刚学内容 03过关检测 → 练考点·强落实：过关检测分层提 关键词 学习目标导航 学习目标 1. 识记本单元性格、职业类单词短语，掌握四类并列连词和that引导的宾语从句。 2. 读懂课文四位人物短文，提炼人物性格与职业特点。 3. 运用本课词汇和语法，简单书写人物推荐信。 学习重点 1. 性格形容词、重点短语的背诵与运用。 2. both…and/either…or/neither…nor/not only…but also和that宾语从句的基本用法。 学习难点 1. 几组连词主谓就近原则的区分使用。 2. 整合所学内容，有条理地完成推荐信写作。 1. Suzy is very organized. She keeps all her things in good order. 苏西非常有条理，她把所有东西都整理得井井有条。 【详解1】organized adj.（形容词）“有条理的”，用法如下： ①形容人：表示做事有条理、效率高例 e.g.She is a very organized person who always plans ahead.她是个非常有条理的人，总是提前做好计划。 ②形容事物/活动：表示有系统、有计划例 e.g.The conference was well organized and ran smoothly.这次会议组织得很好，进行得很顺利。 【拓展】与organize相关的词汇 _____________n.“组织；团体；机构” organize v.“组织” _____________ n.“组织者” organized adj.“有条理的；有组织的” 【典例】 （ ）1. —Our monitor, Lin Tao, keeps all his things in good order. —That's true. He's so        ，and we should learn from him. A．creative B．generous C．modest D．organized 【即练1】 1. Mrs Black is an ___________ (organize) housewife. 【即练2】 1. 他做事很有条理，从来不会忘记做他需要做的事。 He is very_________ and never _________ _________ _________ the things that he needs to do. 【详解2】keep...in order“使......保持井然有序”，是固定动词短语，其中in order表示“整齐，井然有序”的状态。 e.g.She always keeps her desk in order.她总是保持书桌井然有序。 【拓展】order也可以作动词，意为“点（菜）；订购；命令”____________________意为“命令某人（不要）做某事” 【典例】 （ ）1. I am ________ organized person. I like keeping everything in _________ good order. A．an; / B．a; / C．an; a D．a; a 2. Daniel is creative. He often comes up with new ideas.丹尼尔富有创造力，经常能提出新的想法。 【详解】come up with“想出;找到（答案）”，用法如下： ①后常接表示想法、计划、方案等的名词，如：idea, plan等。 e.g.come up with a good idea想出一个好主意；come up with a plan提出一个计划 【典例】 （ ）1. The ideas for the blackboard newspaper ________ by Xiao Ya. A．came up B．were come up C．came up with D．were come up with 【即练1】 1. 我们需要想出一个计划帮助残疾人。 We need to _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ to help ___________ ___________. 3. Mr Wu is patient. He explains the grammar rules to us carefully.吴老师非常耐心，他仔细地向我们讲解语法规则。 【详解】explain v.“解释”，用法如下： ①基本用法：后可接名词、代词或从句作宾语，也可接双宾语，即________________或________________，表示“向某人解释某事”。 ②常见搭配：________________为自己的行为或言语辩解，________________搪塞，把…解释过去。 e.g.The teacher explained the problem to us carefully.老师仔细地向我们解释了这个问题。 He tried to explain away his mistake.他试图为自己的错误辩解。 【补充】explain的名词形式：_____________“解释，说明；用法”可用于动词后作宾语，或用于介词后作宾语；e.g.His explanation was not clear.他的解释不清楚。 【典例】 （ ）1.He explained ________ us why the cake was divided ________ eight equal pieces. A．for; by B．to; from C．with; into D．to; into 【即练1】 1. The students didn’t understand the question until it ________ (explain) again. 【即练2】 1. 他足够有耐心向我们解释这件事。 He is ________________________________ the thing __________. 4. I'm careless sometimes，especially with numbers.我有时很粗心，尤其是在处理数字时。 【详解】careless adj.（形容词）“粗心的” 【拓展】其副词：_________“粗心地”；其名词：_________“粗心大意”；其反义词：_________adj.“小心的；仔细的；认真的” 【典例】 （ ）— Mark got a “B” again. What a pity! — I’m not surprised. He usually writes the answers ________ to get an “A”. A．too careless B．careful enough C．carefully enough D．too carelessly 【即练1】 1. My younger sister didn’t pass the Maths exam because she was too ________ (care). 【即练2】 1. The________(care) boy always makes mistakes in his homework. 5. Neither my parents nor I think I will make a good accountant.无论是我父母还是我自己，都认为我都不可能成为一名出色的会计师。 【详解】Neither...nor...既不......也不......，用法如下： neither...nor...可连接任意两个并列的成分作主语时，谓语动词的单数形式要遵循“____________”，即与nor后面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。 e.g.Mr. White spoke neither English nor German. 怀特先生既不说英语也不说法语。 Neither Saturday nor Sunday is OK because I will be quite busy there two days. 星期六和星期天都不行，这两天我会很忙。 【典例】 （ ）Neither the parents nor the teacher ________ the students to stay out late. A．don’t allow B．allows C．doesn’t allow D．allow 【即练1】 1. Neither the twins nor Max ________ (be) interested in “red envelope” in Wechat last year. 【即练2】 1. Neither his sister nor he ________ (reply) to their father’s letter yet. They are both busy with their studies these days. 【即练3】 1. Neither my parents nor I ________ (offer) any information about when and where to meet him yesterday. 6.He's a born artist.He's quiet,but his work shouts. 【详解1】born adj.“天生的”，用法如下： ①作表语，与be动词连用，表示“天生的”。 e.g.He is a born leader.他是个天生的领导者。 ②作定语，修饰名词，表示“天生具有某种特质的”。 e.g.She has a born talent for music.她天生有音乐天赋。 【常用结构】 ①_______________出生于（某地/某时） e.g.He was born in 1990.他出生于1990年。 ②_______________出生于（某个家庭）；天生注定要做某事例 e.g. He was born to a musical family.他出生于一个音乐世家。 He was born to be a great leader.他生来就注定会成为一位伟大的领袖。 ③_______________天生具有（某种能力、特征等） e.g. She was born with a talent for dancing.她天生就有跳舞的天赋。 【拓展】 born还可以作________，仅用于________语态，表示“出生”，必须与be动词连用，结构为“___________”。 e.g.I was born in Nanjing in 2010.我2010年出生于南京。 【典例】 （ ）It seems that she was born________ the ability to learn language. A．with B．on C．by D．at 【即练1】 1. 没有人发现他是一个天生的艺术家直到他获得了奖。 Nobody found he was ________________________________________________ . 【详解2】shout vi. 大声说；喊叫 教材原句中的 his work shouts 运用拟人的修辞手法，表达出很多艺术家的一种特性——用作品说话。 7.Wu Wei's creative work impresses not only his friends but also the whole town. 【详解】impress vt.“给......留下印象”，用法如下： 【常用结构】 ①用某物给某人留下印象________________________ e.g. He impressed the interviewers with his confidence and communication skills. 他用自信和沟通技巧给面试官留下了深刻印象。 ②某人对某事印象深刻________________________ e.g. We were deeply impressed by her outstanding performance in the competition. 我们对她在比赛中的出色表现印象深刻。 【补充】其名词形式________________“印象”。常用短语______________________________表示“给某人留下印象” 【典例】 （ ）—________ our surprise, QuanHongchan received a perfect score of 10 points from all seven judges at the 19th Asian Games in Hangzhou. —Yes. She impressed the public________her strength and skills. A．To; with B．To; in C．On; from 【即练1】 1. —Have you been to the Forbidden City in Beijing? —Yes. I _________ (impress) by the rich history and architecture on my first visit. 【即练2】 1. Showing respect can help you leave a good first ________ at work. (impress) 8.His sculptures for Sunshine Town Square have won high praise from the art community.他为阳光镇广场创作的雕塑作品赢得了艺术界的高度赞誉。 【详解】praise n.（名词）“赞扬；表扬”，用法如下： praise在教材原句中作________ 名词。 【常用结构】 ①______________________意为“赢得(……的)高度赞扬” e.g.The young pianist was in high praise from the audience after his stunning performance. 这位年轻的钢琴家凭借其令人惊叹的演奏，赢得了观众的高度赞誉。 ②______________________意为“赞扬(某人或某事物)”。 e.g.The teacher gave a speech in praise of the students' hard work and achievements. 老师发表演讲，赞扬了学生们的努力和成就。 【补充】 praise还可作动词，意为“称赞；表扬”。 e.g.The student studies so hard that you can’t praise him too much. 这个学生学习如此努力，你再怎么表扬他也不为过。 【典例】 （ ）—Fu Yuanhui impressed the public ________ her lively expressions at the Rio Olympic Games. —Yes. She won high praise ________ the whole world. A．with; for B．with; from C．for; over D．by; for 【即练1】 1. Yesterday the driver ________ (praise) by the passenger for returning the wallet she found. 【即练2】 1. 杰克在编曲方面进步很大，获得了老师的赞扬。 Jack made such great _______________________music that he ____________________his teacher. 9. “I've always enjoyed using my imagination to make great art,"he said.“我一直乐于运用想象力创作出杰出的艺术作品，”他说。 【详解】imagination n.“想象力”，用法如下： ①基本用法：指人头脑中形成想法、画面或新事物的能力，是________名词。 e.g. Her imagination ran wild as she thought about her future.当她思考自己的未来时，她的想象力变得无比丰富、充满无限遐想。 ②其动词形式为 __________，常见结构：____________________想象做某事 e.g. I can't imagine living without water.我无法想象没有水的生活。 【典例】 1. She has a rich ________ (imagine) and draws many nice pictures. 【即练1】 1. When you feel under much pressure, it’s a good way to imagine ________ (lie) on the grass with cute birds flying around. 10. Liu Hao,together with his team,has just completed the high-speed railway project connecting Sunshine Town to Tianjin.刘浩及其团队刚刚完成了连接阳光镇与天津的高速铁路项目。 【详解】现在分词(短语)作后置定语，用法如下： connecting Sunshine Town to Tianjin 是现在分词短语，作后置定语，修饰 the high-speed railway。现在分词(短语)作后置定语，表示其所修饰的词与现在分词短语中的动词是主动关系，即现在分词所表示的动作是由所修饰的词发出的。 e.g.They built a highway leading into the mountains. 他们修建了一条通往山里的公路。 【复习】 connect vt. 连接。常用结构______________作固定搭配，表示“把……与……连接/联系起来；连接……和……”。 e.g.We can connect what we need to learn with what we are interested in. 我们可以把我们需要学习的内容与我们感兴趣的东西联系起来。 【典例】 1. There will be a high-speed railway _______ (connect) Yangzhou to Nanjing. 【即练1】 1. I understand that everything ________ (connect), that all roads meet and that all rivers flow into the same sea. 11. To us,a miss is as good as a mile.对我们来说，失之毫厘谬以千里。 【详解1】miss n. 错误；过失，用法如下： miss 的复数形式为 ________ 。教材原句中的 a miss is as good as a mile 是英语谚语，意为“失之毫厘，谬以千里”。 e.g.Don’t be angry with him. That’s my miss.别生他的气。那是我的过失。 【补充】miss 还可作动词，意为“错过；思念” e.g. I missed the bus this morning. 今天早上我错过了公交车。 I miss my family very much. 我非常想念我的家人。 【典例】 （ ）—Good news! Another new member of the Beidou family was sent into space. —Scientists tried their best to pay attention to every detail. To them, ________. A．it never rains but it pours B．actions speak louder than words C．a miss is as good as a mile D．a friend in need is a friend indeed 【详解2】as good as 和……几乎一样；简直是，用法如下： e.g.After cleaning, her flat looks as good as new.打扫完后，她的公寓看起来和新的一样。 【复习】as good as 还意为“_______________”。 e.g.His handwriting is as good as hers.他的字迹和她的一样好。 【典例】 （ ）Our task is ________ finished. We can get off work on time. A．as soon as B．as well as C．as long as D．as good as 12. "He always works to high standards,but his modest and easy to work with." 【详解】standard在句中作名词，意为“标准，水准”。 它在句中充当介词to的宾语，构成介宾短语“to high standards”，在句中作状语，修饰动词works，说明工作所达到的程度或依据的准则。 【典例】 1. Living ________ (standard) improved rapidly during the past decades. 13. Doctors must be very careful at all times and often work long hours.医生必须随时保持高度警惕，并且经常需要长时间工作。 【详解】at all times“总是，随时，永远” 【补充】和time有关的短语 all the time 一直，始终 at times 有时，偶尔 at the same time 同时 from time to time 不时，偶尔 in time 及时 on time 准时，按时 at a time 每次，一次 in no time 立刻，马上 take your time 别着急，慢慢来 by the time 到……时候为止 【典例】 （ ）As a responsible employee, you should be ready to help your colleagues ______. A. at times B. all the time C. at all times D. from time to time 【即练1】 （ ）Don’t try to do everything at once. Take a bit _________. A．at times B．at a time C．at all times D．at that time 14. I think they need some improvement.我认为它们还需要一些改进。 【详解】improvement n.“改进；改善”，用法如下： ①作_________名词，表示“改进；改善”的行为或过程 e.g. We need to make some improvement to the system.我们需要对系统进行一些改进。 ②常见搭配：________________________在某方面的改进 e.g. We need to make some improvements to the system.我们需要对这个系统做一些改进。 ③其动词形式：_________“改进, 提高” 【典例】 1. Scientists hope that the  _________  (improve)could help to deal with sudden medical events. 15. If so,you could be either a painter or a fashion designer.如果是这样的话，你完全可以成为一名画家或时装设计师。 【详解】either...or...“要么......要么......,不是......就是......”，用法如下： ①语法规则：连接两个并列的成分，可以是名词、代词、形容词、动词短语等，表示在_______________。e.g. You can either stay at home or go out with me.你要么待在家里，要么和我出去。 ②主谓一致：当either...or...连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式要与离它最近的主语保持一致，即“______________”。 e.g. Either you or I am wrong.要么你错了，要么我错了。 Either my father or my brothers are coming.要么我父亲来，要么我的兄弟们来。 【典例】 （ ）—Either you or he ________ going to plant trees this Sunday in the village. —Yes. It’s a great idea to protect the local environment. A．are B．is C．were D．be 【即练1】 （ ）There's only one ticket for the concert. I'm afraid ________   you ______ your sister can go. A．both; and B．either; or C．not only; but also D．neither; nor 【即练2】 1. Dad, the phone is ringing. I guess either you or mom ________ (want) on the phone. 16. Before you decide on a job,it is best to think about your personality as well as your goals.在确定工作之前，最好先充分考虑自己的性格特点和职业目标。 【详解1】decide on“决定；选定”，用法如下： ①后接名词/代词： e.g. We decided on the blue car.我们选定了那辆蓝色的车 ②后接动名词： e.g. He decided on going abroad for further study.他决定出国深造 【典例】 1. The comic strip ________ (decide) on by the group last week — it’s about friendship. 【详解2】personality n.“性格，个性”，用法如下： ①核心词义：指一个人相对稳定的心理特征和行为模式，是个体在思想、情感、行为上的独特表现。 ②常见搭配：_______________强烈的个性 ；_______________人格类型 ③派生词：_________ adj. 个人的，私人的 ____________v. 个性化，定制 __________ adj. 非个人的，客观的 【典例】 1. The two children have similar ____________（性格）. They are both brave and outgoing. 【详解3】as well as，用法如下： ①并列连词：连接两个并列的单词、短语或句子，相当于and，但语气上更强调前者。 e.g. She is talented in music as well as in painting. 她在音乐和绘画方面都很有天赋。 ②介词短语：当as well as用作介词时，后面接名词、代词或动名词，表示“除……之外也”。 e.g. He speaks French as well as English. 他既会说英语也会说法语。 ③主谓一致：当as well as连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致,即遵循“___________”。 e.g. The teacher as well as the students is interested in the new program. 不仅学生们，老师也对这个新项目感兴趣。 【典例】 （ ）Ne Zha 2 is exciting ________ heart-warming, hitting a big box-office success. A．as good as B．as far as C．as well as D．as long as 【即练1】 （ ）The singer as well as his band members ________ invited to the award ceremony last night. A．is B．am C．are D．was 17. Either Simon or David is ready to take on new challenges.西蒙或大卫都已准备好迎接新的挑战。 【详解1】take on“承担（责任），决定做”用法如下： ①核心词义解析：表示“承担；呈现；雇佣；较量”等多重含义 ②主要用法分类： （1） 承担责任或任务：Don't take on more responsibilities than you can handle. （2） 呈现新面貌或特质：Her voice took on a serious tone. （3） 雇佣或录用：We're going to take on five new employees next month. （4） 与对手较量：Democrats were reluctant to take on a popular president ③常见搭配：_______________呈现新面貌_______________迎接挑战 _______________雇佣员工 【典例】 （ ）—Our class plan to hold a charity sale. Could you ________ organizing it? —Sure! I’m glad to take the job. A．give up B．take on C．put off D．turn down 【详解2】challenge n.“挑战”，用法如下： ①核心词义解析：challenge作名词时表示"挑战；质疑；盘问"；作动词时表示"挑战；质疑；盘问；考验"。②常见搭配总结： （1）名词搭配：_______________面临挑战、_______________接受挑战、_______________迎接挑战。 （2）动词搭配：_______________挑战某人做某事。 【典例】 1. Facing these ________ (challenge) is not easy, but we can overcome them. 18. As a matter of fact,I made a list of books about jobs and personalities.事实上，我列了一份关于职业与人物的书籍清单。 【详解】matter n.“关乎...的事情；问题”，用法如下： ①核心词义解析1. 作名词：（1）表示“事情；问题；重要性”，e.g. a matter of fact事实 ②作动词：（1）表示“要紧；有重大影响”，e.g. It doesn't matter. 没关系。 （2）表示“有重要性”，e.g. What matters most is your health.最重要的是你的健康。 ③固定搭配， 1. 名词搭配：（1）_______________（事实）；（2）_______________（无论什么） 2. 动词搭配：（1）______________（没关系）；（2）_______________（重要的是...）；（3）_______________（对某人重要）。 【典例】 （ ）Not only parks and museums but also local traffic ________ a lot in New York so far.   ________, it’s a wonderful place to live. A．have improved; In fact B．has improved; As a matter of fact C．had improve; By the way D．improved; For example 19. Sometimes,these qualities do not change easily and may remain the same for your whole life.有时，这些特质不易改变，并可能伴随个体终生保持不变。 【详解】remain v.“保持不变；仍然是”，用法如下： ①作不及物动词：表示“保持不变；仍然是”，强调状态的持续 e.g.The old house remains as it was 100 years ago.那座老房子仍然保持着100年前的样子。 Many problems remain to be solved.还有许多问题有待解决。 ②作系动词：后接形容词、名词或介词短语作表语，表示“保持某种状态” e.g.She remained silent during the meeting.她在会议上保持沉默。 The room remained empty for years.那个房间空了好几年。 注意：remain作系动词时，不用于________时态和________语态 ③常见搭配：_____________________结构表示“有待被做” _____________________保持沉默/安静/冷静 【典例】 （ ）Jane Austen, the writer of Pride and Prejudice, wrote many stories of love. But she _____single all her life. A．reminded B．remained C．realized D．required 20. I won't give up until I find away to succeed.在找到成功的方法之前，我不会放弃。 【详解】succeed vi.“成功”，用法如下： ①核心词义解析：succeed作不及物动词，基本含义为“成功；达到目的”，也可表示“继承；继任”。 ②主要用法分类及例句： （1）表示“成功；达到目的”，常与介词___连用，后接动名词形式，即_____________________成功做某事。 e.g.He succeeded in passing the exam.他成功通过了考试。 （2）表示“继承；继任”，常与介词___连用，后接职位、头衔等名词。 e.g.She succeeded to the throne after her father's death.她在父亲去世后继位。 ③其名词形式___________“成功”；其形容词形式 ___________“成功的”；其副词形式 ___________“成功地” 【典例】 （ ）— Failure is the mother of ________. — Yes, if we keep on working, we will ________ in finishing it. A．succeed; success B．success; succeed C．success; successfully 21. Focus too much on the negative side.过度关注负面方面。 【详解】negative adj.“消极的；有害的”，用法如下： ①作形容词： （1） 表示“消极的；负面的” e.g.Don't be so negative about everything.不要对每件事都如此消极。 （2）表示“有害的” e.g.The drug has some negative side effects.这种药有一些有害的副作用。 （3）表示“否定的” e.g.He gave a negative answer to the question.他对这个问题给出了否定的答案。 ②常见搭配总结： （1）_____________消极态度（2）___________负面影响 ③反义词：_________ adj.积极的；正面的 【典例】 1. Don’t be so ________ (消极的). Look on the bright side of life. 22. I hope that you consider him for this position.希望您能考虑任命他担任这一职位。 【详解】consider vt.&vi.仔细考虑，用法如下： ①表示“考虑”，常见搭配为 ________________考虑做某事 e.g.I'm considering changing my job.我正在考虑换工作。 ②表示“认为；把……看作”，常见搭配为 ________________或 ________________ e.g.We consider him as our friend.我们把他当作朋友。 They considered the plan a failure.他们认为这个计划失败了。 ③表示“体谅；顾及” e.g.You should consider her feelings.你应该顾及她的感受。常见搭配为________________顾及某人的感受 【典例】 （ ）I’d rather ________ an hour’s walk to work than consider ________ a car. A．take; driving B．take; drive C．to take; driving D．taking; driving 一、根据句意及所给的汉语提示或首字母写出单词 1.Some governments try to offer high__________(标准)of service in their own country. 2.—Many people don't like to work extra hours at weekends. —Me________(也不). 3.It's been a long time since he left his seaside village,but the golden sunsets and fishermen's songs still______(仍然是)bright in his mind. 4.Ms Lin________(提到)that students needed to make posters about our classmates last week. 5.It will________(大概)take us more time to finish the project if we don't work together efficiently. 6.As young students,we should be confident and brave enough to take on new________(挑战)in our life. 7.If you want to study efficiently,you must keep your notes_______(有条理的)and make a clear plan for every day. 8.The driver always reminds the p ________to keep their voice down and stay safe on the bus. 9.We should keep our classroom in good o _______so that we can study in a clean and comfortable environment. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.You need to do the whole task carefully if you hope to__________(successful). 2.The________(win)of the competition will receive a special prize,which they have been looking forward to. 3.A rich_________(imagine)can help us see the world in a completely new way that others may not understand. 4.She knew__________(exact)what she needed to do to solve the problem. 5.We should value these_________(manage)advice because they have rich management experience. 6.She is__________(confidence)that she can pass the exam because she has prepared well. 7.Being_________(care)with small daily things can often get you into trouble that you never expect. 8._________(encourage)from our parents and teachers is the strongest power that keeps us moving forward whenever we feel upset or hopeless. 三、单项填空 （ ）1.—I just made a small mistake.As a result,the whole answer was wrong! —That’s why we can't be too careful.After all,________. A.every dog has its day B.actions speak louder than words C.a miss is as good as a mile D.don't put all your eggs in one basket （ ）2.—In China,what should you do when you meet?—We_____shake hands or say hello. A.are said to B.are supposed to C.are reported to D.are made to （ ）3.—There are two books about traditional Chinese teapot-making culture. —You can take_____of them and leave one for me. A.neither B.none C.either D.each （ ）4.—We should____the challenges as stepping stones which lead us to greater heights. —Yeah.Just as Nezha,we should have the courage to shape our life. A. control B.consider C.contact D.connect 四、根据汉语补全句子 1.我们对这位会计对待工作的态度深感惊讶——他非常细心，从不犯错。 We were very surprised by__________________—he was very careful and never made any mistakes. 2. 俗话说，失之毫厘，谬以千里，所以我们做任何事都必须认真。 As the saying goes,________________________________,so we must be careful with everything we do. 3. 医生和护士可以通过救助病人、挽救生命来实现自己的价值。 Doctors and nurses can realize their value by_______________________________________________. 4.我们必须记住随时都要遵守校规、对人有礼貌。 We must remember to_______________________and be polite to others_________________. 5.在上一份工作中，我取得了很大进步，并且证明了自己是个天生的领导者。 ____________________,I________________________and proved that I was_______________________. 五、小完形填空。 A A rich father took his son on a trip to a village. He wanted to show his son what are the differences between their life and the villagers’, so that his son could cherish what he had. They spent quite a few days with a family there. On their way back home, the father 1 about his son’s ideas about the trip. So he asked, “How was the trip?” “It was great, Dad!” the son answered. “What did you learn from the trip?” the father couldn’t 2 to ask. The son answered, “We have one dog but the family has four. We have a swimming pool, but they have a big river with many ducks swimming in it. We have very expensive lights, but they have 3 stars at night. We buy food in the supermarket, but they 4 food in their garden for themselves. We have walls around the house to protect us, but they have friends to protect them. Dad, thank you for 5 me how poor we are.” The father couldn’t say anything, and he just stood there quietly. 1．A．worried B．disliked C．wondered D．described 2．A．try B．seem C．decide D．wait 3．A．few B．a little C．a lot D．lots of 4．A．order B．grow C．catch D．offer 5．A．show B．showing C．talk D．talking B Nov. 21 is World Hello Day. It was created by the UN just after the war between Israel and Egypt in 1973. It tells people: say hello and stop war. Its purpose is to make the world 6 . Although we might not realize it, a small thing like saying hello can mean a lot to others. Some people are lonely because they’re shy. They feel left out. They find it difficult to communicate with others, 7 they want to. The simple act of saying hello to them can make a 8 . Maybe it’s a good idea, not just on Nov. 21, but every day, to remember to say hello to as many people as we can. The strangers who hear you say hello may secretly 9 in their heart. You might even make their day. Greeting other people is the easiest way to be polite. A “hello” to a stranger is a small thing, but through it we can make the world 10 for another person. 6．A．successful B．wonderful C．thankful D．peaceful 7．A．even though B．in order that C．as soon as D．as if 8．A．mistake B．introduction C．difference D．agreement 9．A．fight B．smile C．wonder D．consider 10．A．bigger B．better C．stronger D．smarter C Artificial intelligence (AI) is growing fast. Robots and smart computers can do many jobs humans used to do. The rise of AI may cause many jobs to 11 . For example, driver-less cars might completely replace taxi drivers one day. Some 12 use robots to produce and build things. Unlike humans, AI systems do not require breaks or rest, making them suitable for continuous (连续的) operation and tasks. Even some stores use self-checkout machines 13 cashiers (收银员). But don’t worry, new jobs will appear too. People will create robots, teach AI to solve problems or engage in more innovative work. AI can’t replace jobs that need kindness, art and teamwork, either. It makes life much easier 14 needs humans to control it. Let’s maintain curiosity and keep learning. In summary, while AI offers 15 benefits in terms of efficiency, decision-making and convenience, it also brings significant challenges. 11．A．direct B．disappear C．discover D．realize 12．A．factories B．schools C．communities D．farms 13．A．because of B．instead of C．next to D．according to 14．A．or B．if C．and D．but 15．A．important B．simple C．countless D．easy 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第01讲 Unit 1 Know yourself （知识全梳理&考点精准练） 内容导航 01 预习航标→ 析目标·明方向：预习导航精准定向 02 教材全解 → 析教材·学新知：情境概念深度构 考点精讲：聚焦常考要点，讲清逻辑 例题精析：典型题目带路，学会解题思路 即练固基：趁热打铁练一练，巩固刚学内容 03过关检测 → 练考点·强落实：过关检测分层提 关键词 学习目标导航 学习目标 1. 识记本单元性格、职业类单词短语，掌握四类并列连词和that引导的宾语从句。 2. 读懂课文四位人物短文，提炼人物性格与职业特点。 3. 运用本课词汇和语法，简单书写人物推荐信。 学习重点 1. 性格形容词、重点短语的背诵与运用。 2. both…and/either…or/neither…nor/not only…but also和that宾语从句的基本用法。 学习难点 1. 几组连词主谓就近原则的区分使用。 2. 整合所学内容，有条理地完成推荐信写作。 1. Suzy is very organized. She keeps all her things in good order. 苏西非常有条理，她把所有东西都整理得井井有条。 【详解1】organized adj.（形容词）“有条理的”，用法如下： ①形容人：表示做事有条理、效率高例 e.g.She is a very organized person who always plans ahead.她是个非常有条理的人，总是提前做好计划。 ②形容事物/活动：表示有系统、有计划例 e.g.The conference was well organized and ran smoothly.这次会议组织得很好，进行得很顺利。 【拓展】与organize相关的词汇 organization n.“组织；团体；机构” organize v.“组织” organizer n.“组织者” organized adj.“有条理的；有组织的” 【典例】 （ ）1. —Our monitor, Lin Tao, keeps all his things in good order. —That's true. He's so        ，and we should learn from him. A．creative B．generous C．modest D．organized 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我们的班长林涛把所有东西都整理得井井有条。——没错。他非常有条理，我们应该向他学习。考查形容词辨析。creative有创造力的；generous慷慨的；modest谦虚的；organized有条理的。根据上文“keeps all his things in good order”可知，林涛把东西都整理得井井有条，说明他是个有条理的人。故选D。 【即练1】 1. Mrs Black is an ___________ (organize) housewife. 【答案】organized 【详解】句意：布莱克夫人是一位有条理的家庭主妇。此处需要用形容词修饰名词housewife，organize的形容词形式是organized，意为“有条理的，有组织的”，符合语境。 【即练2】 1. 他做事很有条理，从来不会忘记做他需要做的事。 He is very_________ and never _________ _________ _________ the things that he needs to do. 【答案】organized; forgets; to; do 【详解】第一空需要一个形容词来描述人的性格特点，根据中文提示“很有条理”，应填入organized；第二空需要一个动词作谓语，根据中文提示“从来不会忘记”，应填入forgets；第三、四空考查固定搭配forget to do sth.忘记去做某事，所以分别填入to和do。 【详解2】keep...in order“使......保持井然有序”，是固定动词短语，其中in order表示“整齐，井然有序”的状态。 e.g.She always keeps her desk in order.她总是保持书桌井然有序。 【拓展】order也可以作动词，意为“点（菜）；订购；命令”order sb.（not）to do sth.意为“命令某人（不要）做某事” 【典例】 （ ）1. I am ________ organized person. I like keeping everything in _________ good order. A．an; / B．a; / C．an; a D．a; a 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我是一个有条理的人，我喜欢把一切都整理得井井有条。解析：1. "organized"以元音音素开头，前面应使用冠词"an"；2. "in good order"是固定搭配，意为"有条不紊，整齐"，中间不需要加冠词。 2. Daniel is creative. He often comes up with new ideas.丹尼尔富有创造力，经常能提出新的想法。 【详解】come up with“想出;找到（答案）”，用法如下： ①后常接表示想法、计划、方案等的名词，如：idea, plan等。 e.g.come up with a good idea想出一个好主意；come up with a plan提出一个计划 【典例】 （ ）1. The ideas for the blackboard newspaper ________ by Xiao Ya. A．came up B．were come up C．came up with D．were come up with 【答案】D 【详解】句意：黑板报的想法是由小雅提出的。解析：固定搭配：come up with 意为“提出，想出”，主语通常是人，表示某人提出想法、计划等。被动语态：当主语是物时，需要使用被动语态，即“be + 过去分词”的形式。本题中主语是“The ideas”，所以要用被动语态“were come up with”。 【即练1】 1. 我们需要想出一个计划帮助残疾人。 We need to _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ to help ___________ ___________. 【答案】come up with a plan disabled people 【详解】1. 固定搭配：come up with 意为“提出，想出”，后常接表示想法、计划、方案等的名词。2. 词汇解释：disabled是形容词，意为“残疾人”。 3. Mr Wu is patient. He explains the grammar rules to us carefully.吴老师非常耐心，他仔细地向我们讲解语法规则。 【详解】explain v.“解释”，用法如下： ①基本用法：后可接名词、代词或从句作宾语，也可接双宾语，即explain sth. to sb. 或explain to sb. sth.，表示“向某人解释某事”。 ②常见搭配：explain oneself为自己的行为或言语辩解，explain away搪塞，把…解释过去。 e.g.The teacher explained the problem to us carefully.老师仔细地向我们解释了这个问题。 He tried to explain away his mistake.他试图为自己的错误辩解。 【补充】explain的名词形式：explanation“解释，说明；用法”可用于动词后作宾语，或用于介词后作宾语；e.g.His explanation was not clear.他的解释不清楚。 【典例】 （ ）1.He explained ________ us why the cake was divided ________ eight equal pieces. A．for; by B．to; from C．with; into D．to; into 【答案】D 【详解】句意：他向我们解释了为什么蛋糕被分成了八等份。知识点解析：1. explain to sb. 是固定搭配，意为“向某人解释”，所以第一个空应填to；2. divide...into...是固定搭配，意为“把……分成……”，所以第二个空应填into；3. 选项分析：A选项for和by不符合固定搭配；B选项from不符合divide的搭配；C选项with不符合explain的搭配；D选项to和into都符合固定搭配，所以正确答案是D。 【即练1】 1. The students didn’t understand the question until it ________ (explain) again. 【答案】was explained 【详解】句意：直到这个问题被再次解释，学生们才明白。分析：这是一个not...until...（直到……才……）结构的复合句，it指代前面的the question，与explain之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态根据前面的didn't understand可知时态是一般过去时，因此要用一般过去时的被动语态was/were + 过去分词 the question是单数，所以be动词用was，explain的过去分词是explained 【即练2】 1. 他足够有耐心向我们解释这件事。 He is ________________________________ the thing __________. 【答案】patient enough to explain ；to us 【详解】1. 核心短语：“be + 形容词 + enough + to do sth.”表示“足够……去做某事”，这里“patient enough”表示“足够有耐心”。2. 固定搭配：“explain sth. to sb.”表示“向某人解释某事”，所以“向我们解释这件事”翻译为“explain the thing to us”。 4. I'm careless sometimes，especially with numbers.我有时很粗心，尤其是在处理数字时。 【详解】careless adj.（形容词）“粗心的” 【拓展】其副词：carelessly“粗心地”；其名词：carelessness“粗心大意”；其反义词：careful adj.“小心的；仔细的；认真的” 【典例】 （ ）— Mark got a “B” again. What a pity! — I’m not surprised. He usually writes the answers ________ to get an “A”. A．too careless B．careful enough C．carefully enough D．too carelessly 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——马克又得了个“B”。真可惜！——我并不惊讶。他写答案通常太粗心了，以至于得不到“A”。本题考查副词的用法。“too + 副词 + to do sth.”表示“太……而不能做某事”，“enough + 副词”表示“足够……”。根据句意“他写答案通常太粗心了，以至于得不到‘A’”，可知此处应填“too carelessly”，修饰动词“writes”。A选项“too careless”是形容词短语，不能修饰动词；B选项“careful enough”和C选项“carefully enough”不符合句意。故选D。 【即练1】 1. My younger sister didn’t pass the Maths exam because she was too ________ (care). 【答案】careless 【详解】句意：我的妹妹没有通过数学考试，因为她太粗心了。解析：too + 形容词/副词 + to do sth. 表示“太……而不能做某事”，此处需要用形容词作表语，故填careless。 【即练2】 1. The________(care) boy always makes mistakes in his homework. 【答案】careless 【详解】句意：这个粗心的男孩总是在作业中出错。解析：careless在句中作定语，修饰名词boy，用来描述男孩的性格特点。 5. Neither my parents nor I think I will make a good accountant.无论是我父母还是我自己，都认为我都不可能成为一名出色的会计师。 【详解】Neither...nor...既不......也不......，用法如下： neither...nor...可连接任意两个并列的成分作主语时，谓语动词的单数形式要遵循“就近原则”，即与nor后面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。 e.g.Mr. White spoke neither English nor German. 怀特先生既不说英语也不说法语。 Neither Saturday nor Sunday is OK because I will be quite busy there two days. 星期六和星期天都不行，这两天我会很忙。 【典例】 （ ）Neither the parents nor the teacher ________ the students to stay out late. A．don’t allow B．allows C．doesn’t allow D．allow 【答案】B 【详解】句意：父母和老师都不允许学生在外待到很晚。解析：本题考查主谓一致中的“就近原则”。当“neither...nor...”连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式要与离它最近的主语保持一致。本句中离谓语动词最近的主语是“the teacher”，为单数形式，所以谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式“allows”。 【即练1】 1. Neither the twins nor Max ________ (be) interested in “red envelope” in Wechat last year. 【答案】was 【详解】句意：去年，这对双胞胎和麦克斯都对微信里的“红包”不感兴趣。知识点：1. 主谓一致的就近原则：当“neither...nor...”连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式与靠近它的主语保持一致，本句中靠近谓语的是Max（单数），所以用was；2. 时态：根据“last year”可知句子要用一般过去时，be动词的过去式单数形式是was。 【即练2】 1. Neither his sister nor he ________ (reply) to their father’s letter yet. They are both busy with their studies these days. 【答案】has replied 【详解】句意：他的姐姐和他都还没有回复父亲的信。这些天他们都忙于学习。解析：1. 主谓一致：neither...nor...连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”，即与靠近谓语的主语保持一致。本句中靠近谓语的主语是“he”，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。2. 时态：根据句中的“yet”可知，本句应用现在完成时，表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。现在完成时的构成是“have/has + 过去分词”，主语“he”是第三人称单数，所以用“has”，“reply”的过去分词是“replied”。 【即练3】 1. Neither my parents nor I ________ (offer) any information about when and where to meet him yesterday. 【答案】was offered 【详解】句意：昨天我父母和我都没有得到任何关于何时何地与他见面的信息。知识点解析：1. 主谓一致：neither...nor...连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”，即与靠近谓语的主语保持一致。本句中靠近谓语的主语是I，所以be动词用was；2. 时态：根据yesterday可知，本句时态为一般过去时；3. 语态：I和offer之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态was offered。 6.He's a born artist.He's quiet,but his work shouts. 【详解1】born adj.“天生的”，用法如下： ①作表语，与be动词连用，表示“天生的”。 e.g.He is a born leader.他是个天生的领导者。 ②作定语，修饰名词，表示“天生具有某种特质的”。 e.g.She has a born talent for music.她天生有音乐天赋。 【常用结构】 ①be born in出生于（某地/某时） e.g.He was born in 1990.他出生于1990年。 ②be born to出生于（某个家庭）；天生注定要做某事例 e.g. He was born to a musical family.他出生于一个音乐世家。 He was born to be a great leader.他生来就注定会成为一位伟大的领袖。 ③be born with天生具有（某种能力、特征等） e.g. She was born with a talent for dancing.她天生就有跳舞的天赋。 【拓展】 born还可以作动词，仅用于被动语态，表示“出生”，必须与be动词连用，结构为“be + born”。 e.g.I was born in Nanjing in 2010.我2010年出生于南京。 【典例】 （ ）It seems that she was born________ the ability to learn language. A．with B．on C．by D．at 【答案】A 【详解】句意：她似乎天生就有学习语言的能力。本题考查固定搭配。be born with为固定短语，意为“天生具有”，后接表示天赋、能力等的名词。其他选项on、by、at均不能与born构成此搭配。 【即练1】 1. 没有人发现他是一个天生的艺术家直到他获得了奖。 Nobody found he was ________________________________________________ . 【答案】a born artist until he won the prize 【详解】句意：没有人发现他是一个天生的艺术家直到他获得了奖。知识点解析：1. born的用法：born作为形容词，意为“天生的”，通常用于名词前作定语。2. 固定搭配：a born + 名词，表示“天生的……”。3. 句子结构：本句为主从复合句，Nobody found为主句，he was a born artist until he won the prize为宾语从句，其中until引导时间状语从句。 【详解2】shout vi. 大声说；喊叫 教材原句中的 his work shouts 运用拟人的修辞手法，表达出很多艺术家的一种特性——用作品说话。 7.Wu Wei's creative work impresses not only his friends but also the whole town. 【详解】impress vt.“给......留下印象”，用法如下： 【常用结构】 ①用某物给某人留下印象 impress sb.with sth. e.g. He impressed the interviewers with his confidence and communication skills. 他用自信和沟通技巧给面试官留下了深刻印象。 ②某人对某事印象深刻（sb.）be impressed with/by sth. e.g. We were deeply impressed by her outstanding performance in the competition. 我们对她在比赛中的出色表现印象深刻。 【补充】其名词形式 impression“印象”。常用短语leave/make/have an impression on sb.表示“给某人留下印象” 【典例】 （ ）—________ our surprise, QuanHongchan received a perfect score of 10 points from all seven judges at the 19th Asian Games in Hangzhou. —Yes. She impressed the public________her strength and skills. A．To; with B．To; in C．On; from 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——令我们惊讶的是，全红婵在杭州第19届亚运会上获得了七位裁判全部给出的10分满分。——是的。她用自己的实力和技巧给公众留下了深刻印象。知识点解析：1. to one's surprise是固定搭配，意为“令某人惊讶的是”，其中to表示“对于”，后接表示情绪的名词。2. impress sb. with sth.是固定搭配，意为“用某事给某人留下深刻印象”，其中with表示“用，凭借”。 【即练1】 1. —Have you been to the Forbidden City in Beijing? —Yes. I _________ (impress) by the rich history and architecture on my first visit. 【答案】was impressed 【详解】句意：——你去过北京的故宫吗？——是的。第一次参观时，那里丰富的历史和建筑给我留下了深刻的印象。知识点解析：1. 时态：根据时间状语“on my first visit”在我第一次参观时，可知动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。2. 固定搭配：“be impressed by”是固定短语，意为“对……印象深刻”，这里主语I是动作的承受者，所以要用被动语态“was impressed”。 【即练2】 1. Showing respect can help you leave a good first ________ at work. (impress) 【答案】impression 【详解】句意：在工作中表现出尊重有助于给人留下良好的第一印象。知识点解析：1. 固定搭配：leave a good first impression 意为“留下良好的第一印象”；2. 词性转换：impress 是动词，意为“给……留下深刻印象”，此处需要名词形式 impression 作 leave 的宾语。 8.His sculptures for Sunshine Town Square have won high praise from the art community.他为阳光镇广场创作的雕塑作品赢得了艺术界的高度赞誉。 【详解】praise n.（名词）“赞扬；表扬”，用法如下： praise在教材原句中作不可数名词。 【常用结构】 ①in high praise (from…)意为“赢得(……的)高度赞扬” e.g.The young pianist was in high praise from the audience after his stunning performance. 这位年轻的钢琴家凭借其令人惊叹的演奏，赢得了观众的高度赞誉。 ②in praise of意为“赞扬(某人或某事物)”。 e.g.The teacher gave a speech in praise of the students' hard work and achievements. 老师发表演讲，赞扬了学生们的努力和成就。 【补充】 praise还可作动词，意为“称赞；表扬”。 e.g.The student studies so hard that you can’t praise him too much. 这个学生学习如此努力，你再怎么表扬他也不为过。 【典例】 （ ）—Fu Yuanhui impressed the public ________ her lively expressions at the Rio Olympic Games. —Yes. She won high praise ________ the whole world. A．with; for B．with; from C．for; over D．by; for 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——傅园慧在里约奥运会上以生动的表情给公众留下了深刻印象。——是的。她赢得了来自全世界的高度赞扬。知识点解析：1. impress sb. with sth. 意为“用某物给某人留下深刻印象”，是固定搭配；2. win high praise from... 意为“赢得来自……的高度赞扬”，也是固定搭配。 【即练1】 1. Yesterday the driver ________ (praise) by the passenger for returning the wallet she found. 【答案】was praised 【详解】句意：昨天，这位司机因归还捡到的钱包而受到乘客的表扬。知识点解析：1. 时态：根据句中的时间状语“Yesterday”，可知句子要用一般过去时。2. 语态：司机是“被表扬”，所以要用被动语态。一般过去时的被动语态结构为“was/were + 过去分词”，这里主语“the driver”是第三人称单数，所以用“was praised”。 2. 固定搭配：“praise sb. for sth.”表示“因某事表扬某人”，其被动形式为“be praised for sth.”。 【即练2】 1. 杰克在编曲方面进步很大，获得了老师的赞扬。 Jack made such great _______________________music that he ____________________his teacher. 【答案】progress in making up;won high praise from 9. “I've always enjoyed using my imagination to make great art,"he said.“我一直乐于运用想象力创作出杰出的艺术作品，”他说。 【详解】imagination n.“想象力”，用法如下： ①基本用法：指人头脑中形成想法、画面或新事物的能力，是不可数名词。 e.g. Her imagination ran wild as she thought about her future.当她思考自己的未来时，她的想象力变得无比丰富、充满无限遐想。 ②其动词形式为 imagine，常见结构：imagine doing sth. 想象做某事 e.g. I can't imagine living without water.我无法想象没有水的生活。 【典例】 1. She has a rich ________ (imagine) and draws many nice pictures. 【答案】imagination 【详解】句意：她想象力丰富，画了很多漂亮的画。知识点解析：1. 词性转换：imagine是动词，意为“想象”；imagination是其名词形式，意为“想象力”。 【即练1】 1. When you feel under much pressure, it’s a good way to imagine ________ (lie) on the grass with cute birds flying around. 【答案】lying 【详解】句意：当你感到压力很大时，想象自己躺在草地上，可爱的鸟儿在周围飞翔是个好方法。 知识点：固定搭配imagine doing sth表示“想象做某事”，此处lie需要变为动名词形式lying。 10. Liu Hao,together with his team,has just completed the high-speed railway project connecting Sunshine Town to Tianjin.刘浩及其团队刚刚完成了连接阳光镇与天津的高速铁路项目。 【详解】现在分词(短语)作后置定语，用法如下： connecting Sunshine Town to Tianjin 是现在分词短语，作后置定语，修饰 the high-speed railway。现在分词(短语)作后置定语，表示其所修饰的词与现在分词短语中的动词是主动关系，即现在分词所表示的动作是由所修饰的词发出的。 e.g.They built a highway leading into the mountains. 他们修建了一条通往山里的公路。 【复习】 connect vt. 连接。常用结构 connect…to/with… 作固定搭配，表示“把……与……连接/联系起来；连接……和……”。 e.g.We can connect what we need to learn with what we are interested in. 我们可以把我们需要学习的内容与我们感兴趣的东西联系起来。 【典例】 1. There will be a high-speed railway _______ (connect) Yangzhou to Nanjing. 【答案】connecting 【详解】句意：将会有一条连接扬州和南京的高速铁路。知识点：本题考查现在分词作后置定语的用法。现在分词短语"connecting Yangzhou to Nanjing"在句中作后置定语，修饰前面的名词"railway"，表示主动关系，即铁路与连接这个动作之间是主动的。拓展：现在分词作定语时，通常表示正在进行的动作或主动的动作；而过去分词作定语时，通常表示已经完成的动作或被动的动作。 【即练1】 1. I understand that everything ________ (connect), that all roads meet and that all rivers flow into the same sea. 【答案】is connected 【详解】句意：我明白万物皆有联系，所有道路交汇，所有河流最终都汇入同一片海洋。知识点解析：本句使用被动语态"is connected"表示万物之间的联系是客观存在的，强调动作的承受者。被动语态的基本结构为"be + 过去分词"，此处主语everything为单数，所以be动词用is。 11. To us,a miss is as good as a mile.对我们来说，失之毫厘谬以千里。 【详解1】miss n. 错误；过失，用法如下： miss 的复数形式为 misses 。教材原句中的 a miss is as good as a mile 是英语谚语，意为“失之毫厘，谬以千里”。 e.g.Don’t be angry with him. That’s my miss.别生他的气。那是我的过失。 【补充】miss 还可作动词，意为“错过；思念” e.g. I missed the bus this morning. 今天早上我错过了公交车。 I miss my family very much. 我非常想念我的家人。 【典例】 （ ）—Good news! Another new member of the Beidou family was sent into space. —Scientists tried their best to pay attention to every detail. To them, ________. A．it never rains but it pours B．actions speak louder than words C．a miss is as good as a mile D．a friend in need is a friend indeed 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——好消息！北斗家族的又一名新成员被送入太空。——科学家们尽力关注每一个细节。对他们来说，失之毫厘，谬以千里。知识点解析：A. it never rains but it pours：指祸不单行B. actions speak louder than words：行动胜于言语C. a miss is as good as a mile：失之毫厘，谬以千里（指即使差一点也和差很多一样，强调细节的重要性）D. a friend in need is a friend indeed：患难见真情，因此C选项最符合语境。 【详解2】as good as 和……几乎一样；简直是，用法如下： e.g.After cleaning, her flat looks as good as new.打扫完后，她的公寓看起来和新的一样。 【复习】as good as 还意为“和……一样好”。 e.g.His handwriting is as good as hers.他的字迹和她的一样好。 【典例】 （ ）Our task is ________ finished. We can get off work on time. A．as soon as B．as well as C．as long as D．as good as 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们的任务差不多完成了。我们可以按时下班了。知识点解析：A. as soon as：一……就……，引导时间状语从句；B. as well as：也，和……一样好，连接两个并列成分；C. as long as：只要，引导条件状语从句；D. as good as：几乎，差不多，在此处表示任务接近完成的状态，符合语境。 12. "He always works to high standards,but his modest and easy to work with." 【详解】standard在句中作名词，意为“标准，水准”。 它在句中充当介词to的宾语，构成介宾短语“to high standards”，在句中作状语，修饰动词works，说明工作所达到的程度或依据的准则。 【典例】 1. Living ________ (standard) improved rapidly during the past decades. 【答案】standards 【详解】句意：在过去的几十年里，生活水平迅速提高。知识点：standard在这里表示“水平，水准”，是可数名词，通常用复数形式standards来表示“生活水平”这一概念。 13. Doctors must be very careful at all times and often work long hours.医生必须随时保持高度警惕，并且经常需要长时间工作。 【详解】at all times“总是，随时，永远” 【补充】和time有关的短语 all the time 一直，始终 at times 有时，偶尔 at the same time 同时 from time to time 不时，偶尔 in time 及时 on time 准时，按时 at a time 每次，一次 in no time 立刻，马上 take your time 别着急，慢慢来 by the time 到……时候为止 【典例】 （ ）As a responsible employee, you should be ready to help your colleagues ______. A. at times B. all the time C. at all times D. from time to time 【答案】C 【详解】at all times 表示“随时，总是”，强调在任何时候都保持某种状态或做好某种准备，符合句意“作为一名负责任的员工，你应该随时准备好帮助同事”。其他选项中，at times 和 from time to time 都表示“有时，偶尔”，all the time 表示“一直，始终”，均不符合语境。 【即练1】 （ ）Don’t try to do everything at once. Take a bit _________. A．at times B．at a time C．at all times D．at that time 【答案】B 【详解】句意：不要试图一次做所有事情。一次做一点。知识点解析：at a time 表示“一次，每次”，强调动作的频率或方式，符合句意“一次做一点”。其他选项中，at times 表示“有时，偶尔”，at all times 表示“随时，总是”，at that time 表示“在那时”，均不符合语境。 14. I think they need some improvement.我认为它们还需要一些改进。 【详解】improvement n.“改进；改善”，用法如下： ①作不可数名词，表示“改进；改善”的行为或过程 e.g. We need to make some improvement to the system.我们需要对系统进行一些改进。 ②常见搭配：improvement in sth.在某方面的改进 e.g. We need to make some improvements to the system.我们需要对这个系统做一些改进。 ③其动词形式：improve“改进, 提高” 【典例】 1. Scientists hope that the  _________  (improve)could help to deal with sudden medical events. 【答案】improvement 【详解】句意：科学家们希望这项改进能够帮助应对突发医疗事件。知识点解析：improvement是improve的名词形式，意为“改进，改善”，在句中作宾语。根据句意和句子结构，此处需要一个名词来表示“改进”这一概念，故填improvement。 15. If so,you could be either a painter or a fashion designer.如果是这样的话，你完全可以成为一名画家或时装设计师。 【详解】either...or...“要么......要么......,不是......就是......”，用法如下： ①语法规则：连接两个并列的成分，可以是名词、代词、形容词、动词短语等，表示在两者之间选择其一。e.g. You can either stay at home or go out with me.你要么待在家里，要么和我出去。 ②主谓一致：当either...or...连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式要与离它最近的主语保持一致，即“就近原则”。 e.g. Either you or I am wrong.要么你错了，要么我错了。 Either my father or my brothers are coming.要么我父亲来，要么我的兄弟们来。 【典例】 （ ）—Either you or he ________ going to plant trees this Sunday in the village. —Yes. It’s a great idea to protect the local environment. A．are B．is C．were D．be 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——要么你，要么他这周日要去村里种树。——是的。这是保护当地环境的好主意。知识点解析：either...or...连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式要与离它最近的主语保持一致，即“就近原则”。本句中离谓语动词最近的主语是he，所以要用is。 【即练1】 （ ）There's only one ticket for the concert. I'm afraid ________   you ______ your sister can go. A．both; and B．either; or C．not only; but also D．neither; nor 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——只有一张音乐会的门票。恐怕要么你，要么你妹妹可以去。知识点解析：either...or...表示“要么……要么……”，连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”，即与靠近的主语保持一致。根据句意“只有一张门票”，可知只能有一个人去，所以选B。both...and...表示“两者都”，not only...but also...表示“不仅……而且……”，neither...nor...表示“既不……也不……”，都不符合句意。 【即练2】 1. Dad, the phone is ringing. I guess either you or mom ________ (want) on the phone. 【答案】is wanted 【详解】句意：爸爸，电话响了。我猜电话要么是找你的，要么是找妈妈的。根据“either you or mom…on the phone.”可知，电话找他们，主语“either you or mom”和谓语动词"want”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，其结构是be done; either…r.连接的两个名词作主语，谓语动词遵循就近原则，mom是第三人称单数，be动词应用is, want的过去分词是wanted。故填is wanted。 16. Before you decide on a job,it is best to think about your personality as well as your goals.在确定工作之前，最好先充分考虑自己的性格特点和职业目标。 【详解1】decide on“决定；选定”，用法如下： ①后接名词/代词： e.g. We decided on the blue car.我们选定了那辆蓝色的车 ②后接动名词： e.g. He decided on going abroad for further study.他决定出国深造 【典例】 1. The comic strip ________ (decide) on by the group last week — it’s about friendship. 【答案】was decided 【详解】句意：上周由小组决定的连环漫画——是关于友谊的。 知识点解析：本句主语"the comic strip"是动作"decide"的承受者，因此需要使用被动语态。根据时间状语"last week"可知，句子时态为一般过去时，所以be动词用was，decide的过去分词形式为decided，故答案为was decided。 【详解2】personality n.“性格，个性”，用法如下： ①核心词义：指一个人相对稳定的心理特征和行为模式，是个体在思想、情感、行为上的独特表现。 ②常见搭配：strong personality强烈的个性 ；personality types人格类型 ③派生词：personal adj. 个人的，私人的 personalize v. 个性化，定制 impersonal adj. 非个人的，客观的 【典例】 1. The two children have similar ____________（性格）. They are both brave and outgoing. 【答案】personalities 【详解】句意：这两个孩子有相似的性格。他们都勇敢且外向。知识点解析：1. 核心词义：personality意为“性格；个性；人格”，是可数名词，复数形式为personalities。2. 语境分析：句中提到“两个孩子”，且有相似的性格，这里强调的是两个人各自的性格，所以要用复数形式personalities。 【详解3】as well as，用法如下： ①并列连词：连接两个并列的单词、短语或句子，相当于and，但语气上更强调前者。 e.g. She is talented in music as well as in painting. 她在音乐和绘画方面都很有天赋。 ②介词短语：当as well as用作介词时，后面接名词、代词或动名词，表示“除……之外也”。 e.g. He speaks French as well as English. 他既会说英语也会说法语。 ③主谓一致：当as well as连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致,即遵循“就远原则”。 e.g. The teacher as well as the students is interested in the new program. 不仅学生们，老师也对这个新项目感兴趣。 【典例】 （ ）Ne Zha 2 is exciting ________ heart-warming, hitting a big box-office success. A．as good as B．as far as C．as well as D．as long as 【答案】C 【详解】句意：《哪吒2》既令人兴奋又暖心，取得了票房大卖。知识点解析：as well as意为“既……又……；除……之外还”，用来连接两个并列的形容词exciting和heart-warming，表示两者兼具。其他选项意思不符：A选项as good as意为“和……几乎一样”；B选项as far as意为“就……而言；至于”；D选项as long as意为“只要”。 【即练1】 （ ）The singer as well as his band members ________ invited to the award ceremony last night. A．is B．am C．are D．was 【答案】D 【详解】句意：昨晚，这位歌手和他的乐队成员们一起被邀请参加颁奖典礼。知识点解析：1. 主谓一致规则：当 "as well as" 连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致。本句中前面的主语是 "The singer"（单数），所以谓语动词要用单数形式。2. 时态判断：句中的时间状语 "last night" 表明句子要用一般过去时，所以 be 动词要用 "was"。3. 被动语态：主语 "The singer" 和谓语动词 "invite" 之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态 "was invited"。 17. Either Simon or David is ready to take on new challenges.西蒙或大卫都已准备好迎接新的挑战。 【详解1】take on“承担（责任），决定做”用法如下： ①核心词义解析：表示“承担；呈现；雇佣；较量”等多重含义 ②主要用法分类： （1） 承担责任或任务：Don't take on more responsibilities than you can handle. （2） 呈现新面貌或特质：Her voice took on a serious tone. （3） 雇佣或录用：We're going to take on five new employees next month. （4） 与对手较量：Democrats were reluctant to take on a popular president ③常见搭配：take on a new look 呈现新面貌 take on challenges 迎接挑战 take on employees 雇佣员工 【典例】 （ ）—Our class plan to hold a charity sale. Could you ________ organizing it? —Sure! I’m glad to take the job. A．give up B．take on C．put off D．turn down 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我们班计划举办一场慈善义卖。你能负责组织吗？——当然！我很乐意承担这项工作。知识点解析：take on 在这里表示“承担，负责”，符合语境。A. give up 放弃；C. put off 推迟；D. turn down 拒绝，均不符合题意。 【详解2】challenge n.“挑战”，用法如下： ①核心词义解析：challenge作名词时表示"挑战；质疑；盘问"；作动词时表示"挑战；质疑；盘问；考验"。②常见搭配总结： （1）名词搭配：face a challenge面临挑战、accept a challenge接受挑战、meet a challenge迎接挑战。 （2）动词搭配：challenge sb. to do sth.挑战某人做某事。 【典例】 1. Facing these ________ (challenge) is not easy, but we can overcome them. 【答案】challenges 【详解】句意：面对这些挑战并不容易，但我们能够克服它们。 知识点解析：challenge是可数名词，意为“挑战”。句中these（这些）后接可数名词复数形式，所以应填challenges。 18. As a matter of fact,I made a list of books about jobs and personalities.事实上，我列了一份关于职业与人物的书籍清单。 【详解】matter n.“关乎...的事情；问题”，用法如下： ①核心词义解析1. 作名词：（1）表示“事情；问题；重要性”，e.g. a matter of fact事实 ②作动词：（1）表示“要紧；有重大影响”，e.g. It doesn't matter. 没关系。 （2）表示“有重要性”，e.g. What matters most is your health.最重要的是你的健康。 ③固定搭配， 1. 名词搭配：（1）as a matter of fact（事实）；（2）no matter what（无论什么） 2. 动词搭配：（1）It doesn't matter.（没关系）；（2）What matters is...（重要的是...）；（3）matter to sb.（对某人重要）。 【典例】 （ ）Not only parks and museums but also local traffic ________ a lot in New York so far.   ________, it’s a wonderful place to live. A．have improved; In fact B．has improved; As a matter of fact C．had improve; By the way D．improved; For example 【答案】B 【详解】句意：到目前为止，不仅公园和博物馆，当地的交通也有了很大的改善。事实上，这是一个居住的好地方。知识点解析：1. 考查主谓一致：not only...but also...连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式要与最近的主语保持一致，本题中最近的主语是local traffic，为不可数名词，所以谓语动词要用单数形式，排除A选项。2. 考查时态：根据时间状语so far（到目前为止），可知句子要用现在完成时，结构为have/has+过去分词，排除C、D选项。3. 考查短语辨析：in fact和as a matter of fact都表示“事实上”，by the way表示“顺便说一下”，for example表示“例如”，根据句意，此处应选表示“事实上”的短语，所以B选项正确。 19. Sometimes,these qualities do not change easily and may remain the same for your whole life.有时，这些特质不易改变，并可能伴随个体终生保持不变。 【详解】remain v.“保持不变；仍然是”，用法如下： ①作不及物动词：表示“保持不变；仍然是”，强调状态的持续 e.g.The old house remains as it was 100 years ago.那座老房子仍然保持着100年前的样子。 Many problems remain to be solved.还有许多问题有待解决。 ②作系动词：后接形容词、名词或介词短语作表语，表示“保持某种状态” e.g.She remained silent during the meeting.她在会议上保持沉默。 The room remained empty for years.那个房间空了好几年。 注意：remain作系动词时，不用于进行时态和被动语态 ③常见搭配：remain to be done结构表示“有待被做” remain silent/quiet/calm保持沉默/安静/冷静 【典例】 （ ）Jane Austen, the writer of Pride and Prejudice, wrote many stories of love. But she _____single all her life. A．reminded B．remained C．realized D．required 【答案】B 【详解】句意：《傲慢与偏见》的作者简·奥斯汀写了很多爱情故事，但她一生都保持单身。知识点解析：本题考查动词词义辨析。A. reminded 提醒；B. remained 保持；C. realized 意识到；D. required 需要。根据句意，此处表示“保持单身”，应用 remained。 20. I won't give up until I find away to succeed.在找到成功的方法之前，我不会放弃。 【详解】succeed vi.“成功”，用法如下： ①核心词义解析：succeed作不及物动词，基本含义为“成功；达到目的”，也可表示“继承；继任”。 ②主要用法分类及例句： （1）表示“成功；达到目的”，常与介词in连用，后接动名词形式，即succeed in doing sth.成功做某事。 e.g.He succeeded in passing the exam.他成功通过了考试。 （2）表示“继承；继任”，常与介词to连用，后接职位、头衔等名词。 e.g.She succeeded to the throne after her father's death.她在父亲去世后继位。 ③其名词形式success “成功”；其形容词形式 successful“成功的”；其副词形式 successfully“成功地” 【典例】 （ ）— Failure is the mother of ________. — Yes, if we keep on working, we will ________ in finishing it. A．succeed; success B．success; succeed C．success; successfully 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——失败是成功之母。——是的，如果我们继续努力，我们就会成功完成它。知识点解析：1. success是名词，意为“成功；胜利；成功的人或事”，在“Failure is the mother of success”中，success作介词of的宾语，符合语境。2. succeed是不及物动词，意为“成功；达到目的；继承”，常用结构为succeed in doing sth.（成功做某事），在“we will succeed in finishing it”中，succeed作谓语，符合句子结构。3. successfully是副词，意为“成功地；顺利地”，通常用来修饰动词，不能作谓语，因此选项C不符合句子结构。4. 选项A中，succeed是动词，不能作介词of的宾语；success是名词，不能作谓语，因此不符合句子结构。 21. Focus too much on the negative side.过度关注负面方面。 【详解】negative adj.“消极的；有害的”，用法如下： ①作形容词： （1） 表示“消极的；负面的” e.g.Don't be so negative about everything.不要对每件事都如此消极。 （2）表示“有害的” e.g.The drug has some negative side effects.这种药有一些有害的副作用。 （3）表示“否定的” e.g.He gave a negative answer to the question.他对这个问题给出了否定的答案。 ②常见搭配总结： （1）negative attitude消极态度（2）negative effect负面影响 ③反义词：positive adj.积极的；正面的 【典例】 1. Don’t be so ________ (消极的). Look on the bright side of life. 【答案】negative 【详解】句意：别这么消极。要看到生活光明的一面。 22. I hope that you consider him for this position.希望您能考虑任命他担任这一职位。 【详解】consider vt.&vi.仔细考虑，用法如下： ①表示“考虑”，常见搭配为 consider doing sth.考虑做某事 e.g.I'm considering changing my job.我正在考虑换工作。 ②表示“认为；把……看作”，常见搭配为 consider sb./sth. as sth. 或 consider sb./sth. sth. e.g.We consider him as our friend.我们把他当作朋友。 They considered the plan a failure.他们认为这个计划失败了。 ③表示“体谅；顾及” e.g.You should consider her feelings.你应该顾及她的感受。常见搭配为consider one's feelings顾及某人的感受 【典例】 （ ）I’d rather ________ an hour’s walk to work than consider ________ a car. A．take; driving B．take; drive C．to take; driving D．taking; driving 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我宁愿步行一小时去上班，也不愿考虑开车。知识点解析：本题考查固定搭配。would rather do sth. than do sth. 表示“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”，would rather 后接动词原形，than 后接动词原形；consider doing sth. 表示“考虑做某事”，consider 后接动名词形式。结合选项，A 选项符合题意。 一、根据句意及所给的汉语提示或首字母写出单词 1.Some governments try to offer high__________(标准)of service in their own country. 【答案】standards 【详解】句意：一些政府努力在本国提供高标准的服务。知识点解析：standard作名词，意为“标准；水平”，常用复数形式standards。high standards of service表示“高标准的服务”。 2.—Many people don't like to work extra hours at weekends. —Me________(也不). 【答案】neither 【详解】句意：——很多人不喜欢在周末加班。——我也不喜欢。知识点解析：neither用作副词，意为“也不”，用于否定句后，表示前面的否定情况也适用于后者。 3.It's been a long time since he left his seaside village,but the golden sunsets and fishermen's songs still______(仍然是)bright in his mind. 【答案】remain 【详解】句意：他离开海滨村庄已经很久了，但金色的日落和渔民的歌声仍然在他的脑海中清晰地浮现。知识点解析：remain作动词，意为“仍然是；保持不变”，后可接形容词作表语。 4.Ms Lin________(提到)that students needed to make posters about our classmates last week. 【答案】mentioned 【详解】句意：林老师上周提到学生们需要制作关于我们同学的海报。知识点解析：mention作动词，意为“提到；说起”，根据时间状语last week可知，句子时态为一般过去时，故用mentioned。 5.It will________(大概)take us more time to finish the project if we don't work together efficiently. 【答案】probably 【详解】句意：如果我们不高效合作，完成这个项目可能会花费我们更多的时间。知识点解析：probably作副词，意为“大概；或许”，在句中作状语，修饰动词take。 6.As young students,we should be confident and brave enough to take on new________(挑战)in our life. 【答案】challenges 【详解】句意：作为年轻学生，我们应该有足够的信心和勇气去迎接生活中的新挑战。 7.If you want to study efficiently,you must keep your notes_______(有条理的)and make a clear plan for every day. 【答案】organized 【详解】句意：如果你想高效学习，你必须保持笔记有条理，并为每一天制定清晰的计划。 8.The driver always reminds the p ________to keep their voice down and stay safe on the bus. 【答案】passengers 【详解】句意：司机总是提醒乘客在公交车上小声说话，注意安全。 9.We should keep our classroom in good o _______so that we can study in a clean and comfortable environment. 【答案】order 【详解】句意：我们应该保持教室井然有序，这样我们才能在干净舒适的环境中学习。 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.You need to do the whole task carefully if you hope to__________(successful). 【答案】succeed 【详解】句意：如果你希望成功，你需要认真完成整个任务。 2.The________(win)of the competition will receive a special prize,which they have been looking forward to. 【答案】winner 【详解】句意：比赛的获胜者将获得一份特别奖品，这是他们一直期待的。 3.A rich_________(imagine)can help us see the world in a completely new way that others may not understand. 【答案】imagination 【详解】句意：丰富的想象力可以帮助我们以一种别人可能无法理解的全新方式看待世界。 4.She knew__________(exact)what she needed to do to solve the problem. 【答案】exactly 【详解】句意：她完全知道自己需要做什么来解决这个问题。 5.We should value these_________(manage)advice because they have rich management experience. 【答案】managers' 【详解】句意：我们应该重视这些经理们的建议，因为他们有丰富的管理经验。 6.She is__________(confidence)that she can pass the exam because she has prepared well. 【答案】confident 【详解】句意：她有信心通过考试，因为她准备得很充分。 7.Being_________(care)with small daily things can often get you into trouble that you never expect. 【答案】careless 【详解】句意：在日常小事上粗心大意往往会让你陷入意想不到的麻烦。 8._________(encourage)from our parents and teachers is the strongest power that keeps us moving forward whenever we feel upset or hopeless. 【答案】Encouragement 【详解】句意：来自父母和老师的鼓励是我们在感到沮丧或绝望时前进的最强动力。 三、单项填空 （ ）1.—I just made a small mistake.As a result,the whole answer was wrong! —That’s why we can't be too careful.After all,________. A.every dog has its day B.actions speak louder than words C.a miss is as good as a mile D.don't put all your eggs in one basket 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我只是犯了一个小错误。结果，整个答案都错了！——这就是为什么我们再小心也不为过。毕竟，失之毫厘，谬以千里。 （ ）2.—In China,what should you do when you meet?—We_____shake hands or say hello. A.are said to B.are supposed to C.are reported to D.are made to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——在中国，见面时你应该做什么？——我们应该握手或打招呼。 （ ）3.—There are two books about traditional Chinese teapot-making culture. —You can take_____of them and leave one for me. A.neither B.none C.either D.each 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——有两本关于中国传统茶壶制作文化的书。——你可以拿走其中一本，留一本给我。 （ ）4.—We should____the challenges as stepping stones which lead us to greater heights. —Yeah.Just as Nezha,we should have the courage to shape our life. A. control B.consider C.contact D.connect 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我们应该把挑战视为引领我们走向更高境界的垫脚石。——是的。就像哪吒一样，我们应该有勇气塑造自己的人生。 四、根据汉语补全句子 1.我们对这位会计对待工作的态度深感惊讶——他非常细心，从不犯错。 We were very surprised by__________________—he was very careful and never made any mistakes. 【答案】the accountant's attitude towards work 2. 俗话说，失之毫厘，谬以千里，所以我们做任何事都必须认真。 As the saying goes,________________________________,so we must be careful with everything we do. 【答案】a miss is as good as a mile 3. 医生和护士可以通过救助病人、挽救生命来实现自己的价值。 Doctors and nurses can realize their value by_______________________________________________. 【答案】helping patients and saving lives 4.我们必须记住随时都要遵守校规、对人有礼貌。 We must remember to_______________________and be polite to others_________________. 【答案】obey/follow school rules; at all times 5.在上一份工作中，我取得了很大进步，并且证明了自己是个天生的领导者。 ____________________,I________________________and proved that I was_______________________. 【答案】In my last job; made great progress; a born leader 五、小完形填空。 A A rich father took his son on a trip to a village. He wanted to show his son what are the differences between their life and the villagers’, so that his son could cherish what he had. They spent quite a few days with a family there. On their way back home, the father 1 about his son’s ideas about the trip. So he asked, “How was the trip?” “It was great, Dad!” the son answered. “What did you learn from the trip?” the father couldn’t 2 to ask. The son answered, “We have one dog but the family has four. We have a swimming pool, but they have a big river with many ducks swimming in it. We have very expensive lights, but they have 3 stars at night. We buy food in the supermarket, but they 4 food in their garden for themselves. We have walls around the house to protect us, but they have friends to protect them. Dad, thank you for 5 me how poor we are.” The father couldn’t say anything, and he just stood there quietly. 1．A．worried B．disliked C．wondered D．described 2．A．try B．seem C．decide D．wait 3．A．few B．a little C．a lot D．lots of 4．A．order B．grow C．catch D．offer 5．A．show B．showing C．talk D．talking 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．D 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文主要讲了一位富人带儿子去乡村旅行，想让儿子体会生活差异从而珍惜拥有，结果儿子通过对比认为自家在情感和自然拥有上更“贫穷”，令父亲无言。 1．句意：这位父亲想知道儿子对这次旅行的看法。 worried担心；disliked不喜欢；wondered想知道；described描述。根据“On their way back home, the father...about his son’s ideas about the trip. So he asked, ‘How was the trip?’”可知，父亲是想知道儿子对这次旅行的看法，故选C。 2．句意：“你从这次旅行中学到了什么？”父亲迫不及待地问。 try尝试；seem似乎；decide决定；wait等待。根据“‘What did you learn from the trip?’ the father couldn’t...to ask.”可知，父亲是急切地想知道儿子从旅行中学到了什么，couldn’t wait to do sth.“迫不及待地做某事”，故选D。 3．句意：我们有非常昂贵的灯，但他们在晚上有许多的星星。 few几乎没有，修饰可数名词复数；a little一点，修饰不可数名词；a lot很多，表示程度；lots of许多，修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词。根据“We have very expensive lights, but they have...stars at night.”可知，这里说的是乡村晚上能看到很多星星，stars为可数名词复数，用lots of修饰，故选D。 4．句意：我们在超市买食物，但他们在自己的花园里种植食物。 order订购；grow种植；catch抓住；offer提供。根据“but they...food in their garden for themselves.”可知，乡村人们是自己在花园里种植食物，故选B。 5．句意：爸爸，谢谢你让我知道我们有多穷。 show展示，动词原形；showing展示，动名词/现在分词；talk谈论，动词原形；talking谈论，动名词/现在分词。根据前文“He wanted to show his son what are the differences...”可知，儿子是感谢父亲展示了他们的贫穷，for为介词，后跟动名词形式，故选B。 B Nov. 21 is World Hello Day. It was created by the UN just after the war between Israel and Egypt in 1973. It tells people: say hello and stop war. Its purpose is to make the world 6 . Although we might not realize it, a small thing like saying hello can mean a lot to others. Some people are lonely because they’re shy. They feel left out. They find it difficult to communicate with others, 7 they want to. The simple act of saying hello to them can make a 8 . Maybe it’s a good idea, not just on Nov. 21, but every day, to remember to say hello to as many people as we can. The strangers who hear you say hello may secretly 9 in their heart. You might even make their day. Greeting other people is the easiest way to be polite. A “hello” to a stranger is a small thing, but through it we can make the world 10 for another person. 6．A．successful B．wonderful C．thankful D．peaceful 7．A．even though B．in order that C．as soon as D．as if 8．A．mistake B．introduction C．difference D．agreement 9．A．fight B．smile C．wonder D．consider 10．A．bigger B．better C．stronger D．smarter 【答案】6．D 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．B 【导语】本文介绍了“世界你好日”的目的以及问候的好处。 6．句意： 它的目的是使世界和平。 successful成功的；wonderful精彩的；thankful感激的；peaceful和平的。根据“It tells people: say hello and stop war.”可知，应该说目标是使世界和平。故选D。 7．句意： 他们发现很难与他人沟通，即使他们想这样做。 even though即使；in order that为了；as soon as一……就；as if仿佛。根据“They find it difficult to communicate with others…they want to.”可知，用even though“尽管”表示让步，正确体现“虽然想交流，但很困难”。故选A。 8．句意： 跟他们打个招呼就能带来不同。 mistake错误；introduction介绍；difference差异；agreement同意。根据“The simple act of saying hello to them can make a”可知，应该说带来不同，make a difference为固定搭配。故选C。 9．句意： 听到你打招呼的陌生人可能会在心里暗自微笑。 fight战斗；smile微笑；wonder想知道；consider考虑。根据“The strangers who hear you say hello may secretly…in their heart.”以及“You might even make their day.”可知，提示了积极反应。故选B。 10．句意： 对陌生人说声“你好”是一件小事，但通过它，我们可以为另一个人让世界变得更美好。 bigger更大的；better更好的；stronger更强壮的；smarter更聪明的。全文核心是“通过问候让世界更美好”，“better”概括性地呼应了“促进和平”的积极影响。故选B。 C Artificial intelligence (AI) is growing fast. Robots and smart computers can do many jobs humans used to do. The rise of AI may cause many jobs to 11 . For example, driver-less cars might completely replace taxi drivers one day. Some 12 use robots to produce and build things. Unlike humans, AI systems do not require breaks or rest, making them suitable for continuous (连续的) operation and tasks. Even some stores use self-checkout machines 13 cashiers (收银员). But don’t worry, new jobs will appear too. People will create robots, teach AI to solve problems or engage in more innovative work. AI can’t replace jobs that need kindness, art and teamwork, either. It makes life much easier 14 needs humans to control it. Let’s maintain curiosity and keep learning. In summary, while AI offers 15 benefits in terms of efficiency, decision-making and convenience, it also brings significant challenges. 11．A．direct B．disappear C．discover D．realize 12．A．factories B．schools C．communities D．farms 13．A．because of B．instead of C．next to D．according to 14．A．or B．if C．and D．but 15．A．important B．simple C．countless D．easy 【答案】11．B 12．A 13．B 14．D 15．C 【导语】本文主要讲了人工智能的发展虽会导致一些工作消失、被机器替代，但也会创造新的工作机会，我们应保持好奇心持续学习，以应对其带来的效率、便利等诸多好处及重大挑战。 11．句意：人工智能的兴起可能会导致许多工作消失。 direct指导；disappear消失；discover发现；realize实现。根据“Robots and smart computers can do many jobs humans used to do.”可知，机器人和智能电脑能做许多人类曾经做的工作，所以人工智能的兴起可能会导致许多工作消失，故选B。 12．句意：一些工厂使用机器人来生产和制造东西。 factories工厂；schools学校；communities社区；farms农场。根据“use robots to produce and build things”可知，使用机器人来生产和制造东西的是工厂，故选A。 13．句意：甚至一些商店使用自助结账机来代替收银员。 because of因为；instead of代替；next to在……旁边；according to根据。根据“Even some stores use self-checkout machines”可知，商店使用自助结账机，所以是代替收银员，故选B。 14．句意：它让生活容易得多，但需要人类来控制它。 or或者；if如果；and并且；but但是。根据“It makes life much easier”和“needs humans to control it”可知，前后是转折关系，它让生活容易得多，但是需要人类控制，故选D。 15．句意：总之，虽然人工智能在效率、决策和便利性方面提供了无数的好处，但它也带来了重大挑战。 important重要的；simple简单的；countless无数的；easy容易的。根据“benefits in terms of efficiency, decision-making and convenience”可知，人工智能在效率、决策和便利性方面有好处，这些好处是无数的，故选C。 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $