精品解析：山西省吕梁市联考2025-2026学年高二下学期6月阶段检测英语试题

高二英语 考生注意： 1．本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 2．答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。 3．考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。 4．本卷命题范围：高考范围。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。 1. Which part of the house has been decorated? A. The kitchen. B. The bathroom. C. The living room. 2. Why does the man ask to see the woman’s driver’s licence? A. She drove too fast. B. Her car light was broken. C. She didn’t wear a seat belt. 3. What does the woman want to do first? A. Buy a gift. B. Have a snack. C. Watch the movie. 4. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a library. B. In a classroom. C. In a bookstore. 5. What is Hafthor Julius Bjornsson? A. An actor. B. A writer. C. A director. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。 听第6段录音，回答第6、7题。 6. How long did the woman work on the computer today? A. 6 hours. B. 7 hours. C. 8 hours. 7. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Fellow workers. C. Teacher and student. 听第7段录音，回答第8至10题。 8. What is the main purpose of the tennis match? A. To have fun with friends. B. To raise money for a hospital. C. To compete for a tennis prize. 9. How will Desmond go to Rickard Avenue? A. By car. B. On foot. C. By subway. 10. When will the speakers meet for breakfast? A. At 10:30 am. B. At 9:30 am. C. At 8:30 am. 听第8段录音，回答第11至13题。 11. Why is Lisa watching a German film? A. To finish her homework. B. To enter a film competition. C. To prepare for her stay in Germany. 12. How does Lisa feel about going to Germany? A. Calm and confident. B. Excited but nervous. C. Happy and relaxed. 13. What do we know about the man? A. He dislikes studying abroad. B. He’s good at foreign languages. C. He didn’t know the programme rule. 听第9段录音,回答第14至17题。 14. Why does the man go to see the professor? A. To hand in his finished paper. B. To ask for advice on his paper. C. To confirm his paper’s due date. 15. What’s the man’s topic of the paper? A. Nature. B. Philosophy. C. Beauty. 16. What does the professor think of the man’s topic? A. It’s too broad. B. It’s too boring. C. It’s too easy. 17. What is the man probably going to do next? A. Change his paper topic. B. Go to the library to do research. C. Discuss Hume with his classmates. 听第10段录音，回答第18至20题。 18. How many copies of Nicholas Sparks’ books have been sold in the US? A. Over 65 million. B. Over 75 million. C. Over 97 million. 19. When did Sparks create the Nicholas Sparks Foundation? A. In 2001. B. In 2011. C. In 2021. 20. What does Sparks think leads to his success? A. His talent. B. A scholarship. C. His education. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The history of science is built on the breakthroughs of brilliant minds. While many have contributed, the work of these four individuals fundamentally changed their fields and continues to impact our lives today. Otto Hahn Otto Hahn was a pioneer in the field of nuclear chemistry. His most famous achievement came in 1939 with the discovery of nuclear fission — a process that releases immense energy by splitting atomic nuclei (原子核). This breakthrough not only earned him the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1944 but also paved the way for both nuclear energy and atomic science. Earlier, in 1921, he also discovered nuclear isomerism, solidifying his role as a key figure in radiochemistry and modern physics. Louis Pasteur Louis Pasteur’s work has saved many lives. He discovered that tiny living things called germs (病菌) can cause sickness and make food go bad. From this, he created a way to heat milk so it is safe to drink — now called pasteurization. He is even better known for making vaccines (疫苗) against serious diseases like rabies and anthrax. His important findings helped start modern germ science and ways to prevent disease, changing how people fight infections. Nikola Tesla Nikola Tesla, a visionary inventor, was instrumental in capturing the power of electricity. He championed alternating current (AC), which proved far superior to direct current for carrying electricity over long distances. This AC system became the foundation of our modern electrical network. Tesla also held groundbreaking patents in radio transmission and electromagnetism (电磁), dreaming up technologies that would only be realized long after his time. James Clerk Maxwell James Clerk Maxwell transformed our understanding of electricity, magnetism, and light. Through a set of elegant equations — now known as Maxwell’s equations — he integrated the theories of electricity and magnetism into a single framework: electromagnetism. His work predicted the existence of radio waves and laid the essential groundwork for both relativity and quantum physics. 1. What Nobel Prize did Otto Hahn win in 1944? A. Medicine. B. Physics. C. Chemistry. D. Literature. 2. What is pasteurization used for? A. Making flu vaccines. B. Increasing milk production. C. Killing germs on chicken. D. Keeping milk safe to drink. 3. What do Tesla and Maxwell have in common? A. They studied electromagnetism. B. They predicted radio waves. C. They explored atomic nuclei. D. They invented alternating current. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍四位科学巨匠的突破性成就及其对现代科学和社会发展的深远影响。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Otto Hahn部分中“This breakthrough not only earned him the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1944 but also paved the way for both nuclear energy and atomic science.(这一突破不仅为他赢得了1944年的诺贝尔化学奖，也为核能和原子科学铺平了道路)”可知，Otto Hahn获得了诺贝尔化学奖。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Louis Pasteur部分中“From this, he created a way to heat milk so it is safe to drink — now called pasteurization.(由此，他创造了一种加热牛奶使其可以安全饮用的方法——现在称为巴氏杀菌法)”可知，巴氏杀菌法用于确保牛奶的安全饮用。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Nikola Tesla部分中“Tesla also held groundbreaking patents in radio transmission and electromagnetism(特斯拉还在无线电传输和电磁学领域拥有开创性专利)”及James Clerk Maxwell部分中“James Clerk Maxwell transformed our understanding of electricity, magnetism, and light.(詹姆斯·克拉克·麦克斯韦改变了我们对电、磁和光的理解)”可知，两者的共同点是都研究了电磁学。 B Michael Bock’s German Bakery in Beijing may be small and located away from the city center, but its German bread consistently attracts customers from all over the capital. The soul of the bakery is its founder, 62-year-old Michael Bock, a master baker from Hesse, Germany. Bock’s father, also a baker, discouraged him from entering the trade due to the demanding nature of the work — early mornings, hands exposed to lye (碱液), and heavy lifting. Yet, driven by passion, Bock chose this path at 15, starting a three-year training program under Germany’s system. This involved weekly theoretical lessons at a vocational school and practical training in a bakery. After completing this, he became a bakery worker but pursued further advanced training for five additional years. Finally, he passed a rigorous four-day examination covering baking techniques, display, ethics, law, and finance to earn his master baker certification — an achievement he proudly displays alongside his father’s certificate in his shop. In 2008, Bock was invited to bake for the Beijing Olympics, which deepened his connection to China and its culture. Originally planning a short stay, he settled in Beijing. Dissatisfied while working at another bakery due to reductions in the freshness of products, he opened his own shop with his wife’s support. His signature product is the traditional German brezel, a kind of bread, made only with flour, water, yeast, and salt. Bock insists on using German flour and sticking strictly to original recipes to maintain quality and standardization. For over a decade in Beijing, his life has followed a strict routine: waking before 3:00 am to begin work and closing by 5:00 pm, leaving him unable to attend evening social events but ensuring customers receive fresh bread daily. In an age of industrial baking and novel flavors, Bock remains devoted to traditional handcrafted German bread. He avoids additives, focusing on the genuine taste of grains. This commitment has not cost him popularity; instead, he has gained loyal European and Chinese customers. Some even share that his bread brings back memories of Germany, supporting his choices. 4. What does the underlined word “rigorous” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Unnecessary. B. Strict. C. Boring. D. Short. 5. What can be learned about Bock’s brezel? A. It is sold only in the evening. B. It contains additives for better taste. C. It follows original German recipes. D. It uses Chinese flour and new recipes. 6. Which word can best describe Bock as a baker according to the text? A. Committed. B. Lazy. C. Impatient. D. Creative. 7. What is the text mainly about? A. Popular bakers from Beijing. B. A German bakery in Beijing. C. Bock’s family background. D. The history of German bread. 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. B 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了在北京经营德式面包店的德国烘焙师Michael Bock凭借对传统烘焙的执着坚守收获大量忠实顾客的故事。 【4题详解】 词句猜测题。根据上文“Yet, driven by passion, Bock chose this path at 15, starting a three-year training program under Germany’s system. This involved weekly theoretical lessons at a vocational school and practical training in a bakery. After completing this, he became a bakery worker but pursued further advanced training for five additional years.(然而，怀揣一腔热忱，博克15岁便选择了这条路，在德国学制体系下开启为期三年的学徒培训。培训内容包括每周在职业学校学习理论课程，以及在面包房进行实操练习。结业后，他成了一名面包师，之后又继续深造、参加了五年的高阶专业培训。)”可知，经过多年的学习，最终，他通过一场为期四天、考核内容涵盖烘焙技艺、产品陈列、行业道德、相关法规与财务管理的严苛考试，拿到烘焙大师资质证书。由此可知，rigorous意为“严苛的，严厉的”。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Bock insists on using German flour and sticking strictly to original recipes to maintain quality and standardization.(博克坚持选用德国面粉，严格遵循原始配方，以此把控品质、实现标准化生产。)”可知，关于博克的椒盐卷饼，我们能获知博克遵循德国原版配方。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Bock insists on using German flour and sticking strictly to original recipes to maintain quality and standardization.(博克坚持选用德国面粉，严格遵循原始配方，以此把控品质、实现标准化生产。)”和最后一段“In an age of industrial baking and novel flavors, Bock remains devoted to traditional handcrafted German bread.(在工业化烘焙、新式口味盛行的时代，博克始终潜心钻研传统德式手工面包。)”可知，面包师博克是专注坚守的、尽心尽责的。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Michael Bock’s German Bakery in Beijing may be small and located away from the city center, but its German bread consistently attracts customers from all over the capital.(迈克尔・博克的北京德国面包店店面不大，位置还远离市中心，但店里的德式面包总能源源不断吸引来自北京全城的食客。)”可知，文章主要介绍了北京的一家德国面包店。 C Imagine yourself in a busy Tokyo market, surrounded by incredible food, but you still end up at a familiar McDonald’s. Or, you give up on that dream trip to China’s ancient temples because dealing with Mandarin seems too hard. These situations are common for millions of Americans. Their travel choices are often shaped more by language worries than by their simple desire to travel. A new survey from Preply reveals a striking disconnect between intention and action. While 80% of Americans agree it’s important to learn a few words before traveling abroad, only 58% actually do so. Furthermore, 40% admit to last-minute language study at the airport, compared to just 25% who start practicing months in advance. Most notably, nearly one-third of Americans who have traveled abroad intentionally choose destinations where they won’t need to speak a foreign language, ruling out regions before they even start planning. The reasons for avoiding language learning are varied. 37% believe it is simply too difficult, while 35% assume English is widely spoken enough to get by. Others cite a self-perceived lack of talent for languages, lack of preparation time, or fear of offending locals. When faced with language barriers, Americans employ various methods to manage them. The most common is pointing at menus. Other approaches include making pronunciation mistakes, relying on travel companions, and using translation apps only after arrival. More problematic behaviors include speaking English slowly and loudly or even copying local accents. On the other hand, the benefits of learning even basic local phrases are substantial. Over half of travelers find getting around easier. Nearly half report more enjoyable interactions with locals and smoother daily tasks like ordering food. Emotionally, 47% feel treated more positively, 45% experience a stronger cultural connection, and 43% have less stress. The broader impact is clear: 45% of Americans say they would travel more if they spoke a foreign language. This anxiety not only affects people’s choice of destinations but also decides whether they travel abroad in the first place. As one language expert notes, learning just a few simple phrases can transform a trip, making it more meaningful and rewarding, moving travelers from hesitation to connection. 8. What does the survey from Preply show about Americans? A. Most of them start language study months before travel. B. Most of them find translation apps useless during travel. C. Few of them choose destinations with foreign languages. D. Over half of them learn a few words before going abroad. 9. What do most Americans do when facing language barriers during travel? A. Point at menus to communicate. B. Speak English slowly and loudly. C. Copy local accents intentionally. D. Turn to travel companions for help. 10. What is the author’s attitude towards learning basic local phrases? A. Doubtful. B. Conservative. C. Favorable. D. Critical. 11. What can we infer from the text? A. English is widely spoken worldwide. B. Most Americans hate learning foreign languages. C. Cultural connection depends on local phrases. D. Language anxiety limits Americans’ travel. 【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了一项关于美国人出国旅行语言焦虑的调查结果及其影响。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的“While 80% of Americans agree it’s important to learn a few words before traveling abroad, only 58% actually do so. (虽然80%的美国人同意出国前学几个单词很重要，但只有58%的人真正做到)”以及“Most notably, nearly one-third of Americans who have traveled abroad intentionally choose destinations where they won't need to speak a foreign language (最值得注意的是，近三分之一的美国出国旅行者有意选择不需要说外语的目的地)”可知，超过一半 (58%) 的人确实会在出国前学几个单词，但近三分之一的人选择不需要外语的目的地。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段的“When faced with language barriers, Americans employ various methods to manage them. The most common is pointing at menus. Other approaches include making pronunciation mistakes, relying on travel companions, and using translation apps only after arrival. (当遇到语言障碍时，美国人会采用各种方法来解决。最常见的是指着菜单。其他方法包括发音错误、依赖旅伴以及仅在到达后使用翻译应用)”可知，面对语言障碍时，大多数美国人最常用的方法是指着菜单交流。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段的“On the other hand, the benefits of learning even basic local phrases are substantial. Over half of travelers find getting around easier. Nearly half report more enjoyable interactions with locals and smoother daily tasks like ordering food. Emotionally, 47% feel treated more positively, 45% experience a stronger cultural connection, and 43% have less stress. (另一方面，即使是学习基本的当地短语也有很大的好处。超过一半的旅行者觉得出行更方便。近一半的人表示，与当地人的互动更愉快，点餐等日常工作也更顺畅。在情感上，47%的人感受到更积极的对待，45%的人感受到更强的文化联系，43%的人感受到更少的压力)”以及最后一段引用语言专家的话“As one language expert notes, learning just a few simple phrases can transform a trip, making it more meaningful and rewarding, moving travelers from hesitation to connection. (正如一位语言专家所指出的，学习几个简单的短语就能改变一次旅行，让它变得更有意义、更有价值，让旅行者从犹豫变成联系)”可知，作者对学习基本当地短语持支持态度。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“This anxiety not only affects people's choice of destinations but also decides whether they travel abroad in the first place. (这种焦虑不仅影响人们对目的地的选择，还决定了他们是否首先出国旅行)”可知，语言焦虑限制了美国人的旅行。 D Switzerland’s glaciers experienced severe melting in 2025, with their total volume decreasing by 3%, according to a recent report from the Swiss glacier monitoring group GLAMOS and the Swiss Academy of Sciences. This marks the fourth-largest annual ice loss on record, following the annual ice losses in 2022, 2023, and 2003. The combined effect of such melting over the past decade has been destructive, resulting in a loss of one-quarter of Switzerland’s total glacier ice mass. Scientists described the glacial melting as “enormous” this year. The primary causes were a combination of a low-snowfall winter and intense heat waves during June and August. June 2025 was recorded as the second-warmest June in history, which led to the early reduction of snow reserves by early July. Consequently, the ice masses began to melt earlier than ever observed, speeding up the overall decline. Matthias Huss, head of GLAMOS and a glaciologist at ETH Zurich University, emphasized that human-caused global warming is the fundamental cause. “Glaciers are clearly fading because of global warming related to human activity,” he stated, noting that this is the main driver behind the faster melting witnessed in recent years. The implications of this rapid ice loss are far-reaching. Switzerland, which is home to nearly 1,400 glaciers — the most in Europe — sees its glaciers as critical resources. They influence hydropower generation, tourism, agriculture, and water supply across many European nations. The environmental changes are already noticeable: more than 1,000 small glaciers in Switzerland have completely disappeared. Beyond resource management, the melting glaciers are directly changing Switzerland’s physical landscape. The reduction of ice is causing mountains to become unstable and shift, increasing the risk of rock and ice collapses. This was clearly illustrated in May 2025, when a massive section of rock and ice broke off a glacier, thundering down a mountainside and nearly burying the southern village of Blatten. This event has put Swiss authorities in a state of heightened caution for similar incidents in the future. The consistent and more rapid melting serves as a clear indicator of the ongoing climate crisis, underscoring the urgent need for global action to address its root causes. 12. How does the author present the severity of glacial melting in paragraph 1? A. By explaining scientific theories. B. By interviewing local villagers. C. By listing related records. D. By introducing research methods. 13. What has caused the earlier melting of Swiss glaciers in 2025? A. Frequent rock and ice collapses. B. High temperatures in June and August. C. Reduced hydropower generation needs. D. The record-low number of small glaciers. 14. What does the author want to show by mentioning the Blatten village? A. The danger of glacial collapses. B. The work of Swiss authorities. C. The decline of resources. D. The change of physical landscape. 15. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To introduce GLAMOS’s new report. B. To promote tourism in Switzerland. C. To track the process of glacier melting. D. To call for action against climate crisis. 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了2025年瑞士冰川严重融化的现状及其影响，呼吁全球采取行动应对气候危机。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段的描述“This marks the fourth-largest annual ice loss on record, following the annual ice losses in 2022, 2023, and 2003. The combined effect of such melting over the past decade has been destructive, resulting in a loss of one-quarter of Switzerland's total glacier ice mass. (这是有记录以来第四大年度冰量损失，仅次于2022年、2023年和2003年的年度冰量损失。过去十年这种融化的综合影响是毁灭性的，导致瑞士冰川总冰量损失了四分之一。)”可知，作者通过列举相关记录来呈现冰川融化的严重性。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“The primary causes were a combination of a low-snowfall winter and intense heat waves during June and August. June 2025 was recorded as the second-warmest June in history, which led to the early reduction of snow reserves by early July. (主要原因是降雪量少的冬季以及6月和8月的强烈热浪。2025年6月是有记录以来第二热的6月，导致7月初雪储量提前减少。)”可知，2025年瑞士冰川提前融化是由6月和8月的高温造成的。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段的描述“The reduction of ice is causing mountains to become unstable and shift, increasing the risk of rock and ice collapses. This was clearly illustrated in May 2025, when a massive section of rock and ice broke off a glacier, thundering down a mountainside and nearly burying the southern village of Blatten. (冰量减少导致山体不稳定和移动，增加了岩石和冰崩塌的风险。2025年5月，一大块岩石和冰从冰川断裂，轰隆隆地冲下山坡，几乎掩埋了南部村庄布拉滕，清楚地说明了这一点。)”可知，作者提及布拉滕村庄是为了展示冰川崩塌的危险。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的句子“The consistent and more rapid melting serves as a clear indicator of the ongoing climate crisis, underscoring the urgent need for global action to address its root causes. (持续且更快的融化是持续气候危机的明确指标，强调了解决其根源问题的全球行动的紧迫需求。)”可知，作者写作目的是呼吁采取行动应对气候危机。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Illeism: The Ancient Trick to Help You Think More Wisely As a writer specialising in psychology, I’ve come across hundreds of evidence-based tips for better thinking. Few have proven as useful to me as the ancient strategy of illeism. Put simply, illeism is the practice of talking about oneself in the third person rather than the first person. ____16____ In the emperor Julius Caesar’s account of the Gallic War, for example, he wrote “Caesar avenged the public” rather than “I avenged the public”. To the modern ear, illeism can sound a little silly or self-important. ____17____ If we are trying to make a difficult decision, speaking about ourselves in the third person can help to reduce the emotions that could lead our thinking off track, allowing us to find a wiser solution to our problem. ____18____ This is because when making personal choices, we become too caught up in our emotions, which cloud our thinking and prevent us from putting our issues in perspective. If we have received negative feedback from a colleague, for example, our feeling of embarrassment might lead us to become overly self-defensive. By switching to the third person, our descriptions of the situation will start to sound as if we are talking about someone else rather than ourselves. ____19____ By encouraging us to put our problems in perspective, the use of illeism may also help us to have a more balanced response to daily stresses. Next time you face a challenging situation, try referring to yourself as “he” or “she” instead of “I”. ____20____ A. Try this technique. B. Politicians often use this method. C. This creates helpful distance from emotions. D. So why do emotions affect our decisions so much? E. Yet research shows illeism brings real thinking benefits. F. However, lack of objectivity can be problematic when choosing. G. You might be surprised at how much clearer your thinking becomes. 【答案】16. B 17. E 18. D 19. C 20. G 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了第三人称自称法这种帮你更理智思考的古老技巧。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Put simply, illeism is the practice of talking about oneself in the third person rather than the first person.(简言之，自称时使用第三人称指说话人不用第一人称，而是以第三人称指代自己的语言习惯。)”和下文“ In the emperor Julius Caesar’s account of the Gallic War, for example, he wrote “Caesar avenged the public” rather than “I avenged the public”.(比如古罗马皇帝尤利乌斯・凯撒在《高卢战记》里记述战事时，写的是“凯撒替民众报了仇”，而非“我替民众报了仇”。)”可知，上文解释第三人称自称法定义：用第三人称谈论自己；下文举凯撒写书用本名自称的实例。空格需要过渡句，说明该用法使用者群体。B项“Politicians often use this method.(政客们常会使用这种方法。)”符合语境。 【17题详解】 根据上文“To the modern ear, illeism can sound a little silly or self-important.(在现代人听来，自称时使用第三人称的说话方式听起来略显滑稽，或是显得自大。)”和下文“ If we are trying to make a difficult decision, speaking about ourselves in the third person can help to reduce the emotions that could lead our thinking off track, allowing us to find a wiser solution to our problem.(但如果我们要做出艰难抉择，用第三人称指代自己说话有助于平复情绪，避免思绪被情绪带偏，从而帮我们想出更稳妥的解决办法。)”可知，上文指出现代人对自称时使用第三人称的说话方式的负面观感，下文指出这种方法的实际益处。上下文形成转折关系。 E项“Yet research shows illeism brings real thinking benefits.(但研究表明他称法对思维确有好处)”承接上文负面印象，引出下文实际好处。 【18题详解】 根据下文“This is because when making personal choices, we become too caught up in our emotions, which cloud our thinking and prevent us from putting our issues in perspective.(这是因为在做个人抉择时，我们极易深陷自身情绪之中，而情绪会扰乱思绪，让我们无法客观理性地看待问题。)”可知，下文This is because（这是因为）引导原因解释，说明人做决定时容易被情绪裹挟、蒙蔽理智。空处必然是提出疑问。D项“So why do emotions affect our decisions so much?(那为何情绪会大幅左右我们的抉择？)”符合语境。 【19题详解】 根据上文“By switching to the third person, our descriptions of the situation will start to sound as if we are talking about someone else rather than ourselves.(改用第三人称叙述后，我们对处境的描述听起来就如同在谈论旁人，而非自身。)”和下文“ By encouraging us to put our problems in perspective, the use of illeism may also help us to have a more balanced response to daily stresses.(借助自称时使用第三人称能促使我们客观看待问题，还有助于我们以更平和理性的心态应对日常压力。)”可知，上文指出换成第三人称，描述事情如同在谈论别人，下文指出客观看待问题，平稳应对日常压力。空处承接上文行为，说明该做法带来的效果。C项“This creates helpful distance from emotions.(这能帮我们和负面情绪拉开有益的心理距离。)”说明带来的结果。 【20题详解】 上文“Next time you face a challenging situation, try referring to yourself as “he” or “she” instead of “I”.(下次身处棘手处境时，试着用 “他” 或 “她” 指代自己，而不用 “我”。)”可知，上文倡议遇到难题试着用他/她代替我称呼自己；空处收尾，讲述尝试之后带来的结果。G项“You might be surprised at how much clearer your thinking becomes.(你会惊讶地发现自己思路清晰很多。)”符合语境。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 A mother of three was hailed (称颂) as a hero after helping rescue fellow guests from a motel fire that broke out in the early hours of Boxing Day. Elizabeth Manson woke up around 3:00 am to find smoke ____21____ her family’s rented room. After quickly waking her children, Manson didn’t run straight to ____22____. Instead, she made a split-second ____23____ that would change everything — she ran door to door through the smoke-filled motel, shouting and knocking on doors to ____24____ anyone who was still sleeping. “I ____25____, ‘Wake up! Fire’” Manson told CHEK News. Families fled (逃离) with almost nothing, many barefoot and still in their pajamas, as the fire ____26____ rapidly through the building. Within minutes, flames were ____27____. Despite suffering from ____28____ asthma (哮喘), Manson kept going. Her daughter, 21-year-old Tatayana Jimenez, later said she was ____29____ proud of her mother for pushing through the danger to help others ____30____. Among those saved was Nakul Joseph, who later met Manson for the first time and immediately ____31____ her. “Thank you for saving our lives,” he told her. Joseph said he had only seconds to escape and ____32____ jumping from a second-floor balcony — calling it one of the ____33____ moments of his life. Manson, overwhelmed by the aftermath, said she was simply ____34____ that she was awake when it mattered most. Manson’s selfless act not only saved numerous lives but also served as a (n) ____35____ example of courage and humanity in the face of danger. 21. A. stretching B. clearing C. filling D. infecting 22. A. ruins B. safety C. anxiety D. crises 23. A. mistake B. deal C. plan D. decision 24. A. wake B. identify C. treat D. fetch 25. A. whispered B. argued C. screamed D. claimed 26. A. controlled B. spread C. carved D. called 27. A. dizzy B. universal C. gentle D. visible 28. A. severe B. obvious C. loose D. internal 29. A. relevantly B. consciously C. incredibly D. symbolically 30. A. fight B. escape C. locate D. slip 31. A. retrained B. persuaded C. observed D. hugged 32. A. relied on B. adapted to C. ended up D. focused on 33. A. scariest B. fairest C. sweetest D. worst 34. A. motivated B. grateful C. anxious D. puzzled 35. A. abstract B. frightening C. creative D. inspiring 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了三位孩子的母亲Elizabeth Manson在节礼日凌晨汽车旅馆火灾中，不顾自身安危挨户敲门救人，被称颂为英雄的故事。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Elizabeth Manson在凌晨3点左右醒来，发现烟雾充满了家人租住的房间。A.stretching伸展；B.clearing清理；C.filling充满；D.infecting感染。根据前文“motel fire that broke out(汽车旅馆突发火灾)”与“smoke(烟雾)”可知，火灾发生时烟雾会充满房间。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：快速叫醒孩子们后，Manson没有直接跑向安全地带。A.ruins废墟；B.safety安全；C.anxiety焦虑；D.crises危机。根据后文“Instead(相反)”与“she ran door to door(她挨家挨户地跑)”可知，她没有先自保逃生。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，她瞬间做出了一个决定，这改变了一切——她在烟雾弥漫的汽车旅馆里挨户跑，大声呼喊，以叫醒任何还在睡觉的人。A.mistake错误；B.deal交易；C.plan计划；D.decision决定。根据后文“she ran door to door through the smoke-filled motel(她在烟雾弥漫的汽车旅馆里挨家挨户地跑)”可知，这是紧急时刻的决定。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，她瞬间做出了一个决定，这改变了一切——她在烟雾弥漫的汽车旅馆里挨家挨户地跑，边喊边敲门，以叫醒任何还在睡觉的人。A.wake叫醒；B.identify识别；C.treat对待；D.fetch取来。根据后文“anyone who was still sleeping(仍在睡觉的人)”可知，她敲门是为了叫醒熟睡的人。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我大喊：‘醒醒！着火了！’”Manson告诉CHEK新闻。A.whispered低语；B.argued争论；C.screamed尖叫、大喊；D.claimed声称。根据火灾紧急情境与“Wake up! Fire(醒醒！着火了！)”可知，她在大声呼救。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多家庭几乎什么都没带就逃了出来，很多人光着脚，还穿着睡衣，因为火势在大楼里迅速蔓延。A.controlled控制；B.spread蔓延；C.carved雕刻；D.called呼叫。根据后文“rapidly through the building(迅速穿过建筑)”可知，此处指火势蔓延。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几分钟内，火焰就清晰可见了。A.dizzy眩晕的；B.universal普遍的；C.gentle温和的；D.visible可见的。根据前文“Within minutes(几分钟内)”和“flames(火焰)”可知，火势变大，火焰清晰可见。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管患有严重的哮喘，Manson仍坚持救人。A.severe严重的；B.obvious明显的；C.loose松散的；D.internal内部的。根据“asthma(哮喘)”与“kept going(仍坚持)”可知，她的哮喘很严重，凸显了她不顾自身“严重”疾病依然救人的英勇。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她21岁的女儿Tatayana Jimenez后来说，她为母亲冒着危险帮助他人逃生感到无比自豪。A.relevantly相关地；B.consciously有意识地；C.incredibly极其、非常；D.symbolically象征性地。根据前文“she ran door to door through the smoke-filled motel, shouting and knocking on doors(她在烟雾弥漫的汽车旅馆里挨家挨户地跑，边喊边敲门)”救人的行为及空后的“proud(自豪的)”可知，女儿对母亲英雄行为的情感应该是“极其”强烈的自豪。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她21岁的女儿Tatayana Jimenez后来说，她为母亲冒着危险帮助他人逃生感到无比自豪。A.fight战斗；B.escape逃跑、逃生；C.locate定位；D.slip滑倒。火灾中的核心行动就是“逃生”。根据前文“Families fled(许多家庭逃离)”可知，帮助他人“escape”是正确选项。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在被救者中有一位是Nakul Joseph，他后来第一次见到Manson时，立刻拥抱了她。A.retrained训练；B.persuaded劝说；C.observed观察；D.hugged拥抱。根据后文“Thank you for saving our lives(谢谢你救了我们的命)”可知，获救者激动地拥抱恩人。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：Joseph说他只有几秒时间逃生，最后从二楼阳台跳了下去——称这是他生命中最可怕的时刻之一。A.relied on依靠；B.adapted to适应；C.ended up最终、到头来；D.focused on专注于。根据前文“had only seconds to escape(只有几秒钟的时间逃生)”可知，情况紧急，他最终只能跳楼逃生。短语“ended up doing sth.”表示“最终做了某事”，符合他描述逃生过程的结果。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查形容词最高级词义辨析。句意：Joseph说他只有几秒时间逃生，最后从二楼阳台跳了下去——称这是他生命中最可怕的时刻之一。A.scariest最可怕的；B.fairest最公平的；C.sweetest最甜蜜的；D.worst最坏的。根据“jumping from a second-floor balcony(从二楼阳台跳下)”可知，这是极度恐惧的经历。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Manson被灾后的一切所震撼，她说她只是对自己在关键时刻醒着心存感激。A.motivated受激励的；B.grateful感激的；C.anxious焦虑的；D.puzzled困惑的。根据后文“she was awake when it mattered most(她在最关键时刻她醒着)”可知，她对此感到庆幸和“感激”。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Monson无私的行为不仅拯救了许多生命，也树立了一个面对危险时展现勇气和人性的鼓舞人心的榜样。A.abstract抽象的；B.frightening令人害怕的；C.creative有创造力的；D.inspiring鼓舞人心的。全文都在颂扬她的英雄行为，因此她的榜样作用是“鼓舞人心的”，与文章开头“was hailed as a hero(被誉为英雄)”相呼应。故选D。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A worker from Central China’s Henan Province, who ____36____ (be) in Beijing for 20 years, gifted himself a rare luxury: For the first time, he spent 100 yuan to enter a theater and watch a Yuju Opera performance. In a video, he explained this was an early birthday gift to himself — a chance to watch a beloved hometown opera ____37____ heroine came from his own hometown — Tangyin, Henan. “This is also a way ____38____ (promote) my hometown,” he shared on social media. As he spoke about opera performers from various regions, his eyes lit up with ____39____ (familiar) and affection. That 100-yuan ticket for a back-row seat was, in fact, the shortest path back to his roots. In a theater far from home, he purchased not just an admission ticket, but a “spiritual ticket” ____40____ (connect) him to his cultural identity. The familiar dialect (方言) of Yuju Opera became a bridge spanning (跨越) the distance to Tangyin, reflecting the lasting charm (魅力) ____41____ the complex role of traditional opera in contemporary, mobile society. For this man and countless others living away from their hometowns, traditional opera has been more than entertainment. ____42____ (root) in cultural memory, it functions as a spiritual anchor (支柱). When he ____43____ (enthusiastic) listed local opera stars, it revealed a profound cultural phenomenon: In an era of accelerated population mobility, opera serves as a vital medium for ____44____ (emotion) connection to one’s heritage. Hearing the hometown dialect in the theater is ____45____ act of consuming cultural belonging. 【答案】36. had been 37. whose 38. to promote 39. familiarity 40. connecting 41. and 42. Rooted 43. enthusiastically 44. emotional 45. an 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一位在北京务工20年的河南工人首次花费100元走进剧院观看豫剧表演的故事。 【36题详解】 考查时态。句意：一位来自中国中部河南省的工人，在北京生活了20年，他送给自己一份难得的奢侈品：他第一次花了100元走进剧院，观看了一场豫剧表演。根据该句中的时间状语for 20 years及主句的谓语动词gifted可知，从句应使用过去完成时had been。故填had been。 【37题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在一段视频中，他解释说这是他送给自己的一个提前的生日礼物——一个观看心爱的家乡戏曲的机会，这部戏曲的女主角来自他自己的家乡——河南汤阴。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a beloved hometown opera，先行词指物，在从句中作定语，和heroine为所属关系，所以应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：“这也是宣传我家乡的一种方式，”他在社交媒体上分享道。a way to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“做某事的一种方式”，所以空处应用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to promote。 【39题详解】 考查名词。句意：当他谈到来自不同地区的戏曲演员时，他的眼睛里闪烁着熟悉和喜爱的光芒。空处和affection并列，作介词with的宾语，应用名词familiarity，意为“熟悉”，不可数。故填familiarity。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在远离家乡的剧院里，他买的不仅仅是一张入场券，而是一张“精神票”，将他与自己的文化身份联系起来。本句已有谓语动词purchased，所以空处应用非谓语动词，ticket与connect为主动关系，用现在分词connecting作后置定语。故填connecting。 【41题详解】 考查介词。句意：豫剧熟悉的方言成为跨越到汤阴距离的桥梁，反映了传统戏曲在当代流动社会中持久的魅力和复杂的角色。charm与the complex role为并列宾语，应使用并列连词and连接。故填and。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它根植于文化记忆中，起着精神支柱的作用。本句已有谓语动词functions，所以空处应用非谓语动词，root和逻辑主语it之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作状语，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Rooted。 【43题详解】 考查副词。句意：当他热情地列举当地戏曲明星时，揭示了一个深刻的文化现象：在人口流动加速的时代，戏曲是与自己的传统情感联系的重要媒介。空处修饰动词listed，应用副词enthusiastically，意为“热情地”，作状语。故填enthusiastically。 【44题详解】 考查形容词。句意：当他热情地列举当地戏曲明星时，揭示了一个深刻的文化现象：在人口流动加速的时代，戏曲是与自己的传统情感联系的重要媒介。空处修饰名词connection，应用形容词emotional，意为“情感的”，作定语。故填emotional。 【45题详解】 考查冠词。句意：在剧院里听到家乡的方言是一种消费文化归属感的行为。act为可数名词单数，此处表示泛指，且act是以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你的笔友Tom来信说，面对人工智能的快速发展，他对未来选择什么职业感到迷茫。请你给他回一封信，内容包括： 1. 分析AI时代职业环境的变化； 2. 提出职业选择的建议。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Tom, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: Dear Tom, I understand your concern about career choice in the AI era. Indeed, AI is changing the job market. But don’t worry too much. While it may replace some repetitive jobs, it also creates new opportunities. I suggest you focus on developing skills that AI cannot easily replace, such as creativity and emotional intelligence. Consider careers that require human touch, like teaching or healthcare. Most importantly, keep learning new knowledge and skills. Remember, AI is a tool that can help us work better. With proper preparation, you will find your place in the future job market. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。笔友Tom来信说，面对人工智能的快速发展，他对未来选择什么职业感到迷茫，要求考生以李华的身份给他回一封信，分析AI时代职业环境的变化并提出职业选择的建议。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 理解：understand → comprehend 改变：change → transform 代替：replace → substitute for 培养：develop → cultivate 2. 句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：I understand your concern about career choice in the AI era. Indeed, AI is changing the job market. But don’t worry too much. 拓展句：I understand your concern about career choice in the AI era, and while AI is indeed changing the job market, there is no need for you to worry too much. 【点睛】【高分句型1】While it may replace some repetitive jobs, it also creates new opportunities. (运用了While 引导的让步作状语从句) 【高分句型2】Remember, AI is a tool that can help us work better. (运用了that引导的定语从句) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The winter in my city was very cold. Every morning at 6:30, the sharp wind would blow outside my window, as if laughing at my struggle to leave my warm bed. The sky was still dark, and the frozen trees stood like statues in the heavy frost. Our school organized a morning run, a rule I considered a kind of suffering. Mr. Zhang, our teacher, often told us, “Morning running isn’t just about building a strong body; it’s about making your will stronger. If you can beat the cold, you can beat any difficulty in life.” I, however, did not believe him. To me, his words were just like the wind, passing through my ears without any effect. I became a master of “disappearing.” Sometimes I would hide in the restroom; other times, I would fake a stomachache. My classmates called me “The Ghost of the Morning Run.” While they were out there shivering, I was secretly proud of my cleverness, enjoying those stolen moments of warmth and doing nothing. One Tuesday, the temperature dropped to a record low. As I was slipping into my usual hiding spot, I saw Mr. Zhang. He was nearly sixty, yet he was standing at the front of the line, energetic and firm. I later learned he believed that as a teacher, he should be a role model to encourage us to face challenges. During the run, a student accidentally fell down. Mr. Zhang immediately stopped, knelt in the freezing wind to help the boy up, and even gave his own gloves to the shivering student. He then continued to lead the run, his thin figure steady and determined in the thick white air, inspiring everyone behind him. 注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Watching Mr. Zhang’s figure moving away in the cold air, I felt a strong sense of guilt. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The next morning, when the 6:30 alarm rang, I didn’t stop it to stay in bed. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Watching Mr. Zhang’s figure moving away in the cold air, I felt a strong sense of guilt. Mr. Zhang’s words about “making the will stronger” finally began to mean something to me. I realized that while I was seeking my own comfort, my teacher was acting as a role model, protecting his students with all his heart. His red face and the kind act of giving away his gloves kept appearing before my eyes. I understood now that what I had been escaping wasn’t just the cold, but the responsibility a student should have. The warmth I had stolen felt empty. The next morning, when the 6:30 alarm rang, I didn’t stop it to stay in bed. Instead, I put on my running shoes with a new determination. The air was still freezing, but as I joined the line, a strange sense of warmth spread through my heart. Seeing me, Mr. Zhang smiled with great satisfaction and said, “Well done! I knew you could make it.” I ran alongside him, feeling the cold wind on my face and my heart beating fast. I realized that morning running was exactly what Mr. Zhang had said — a victory over my own weakness and a step forward to a stronger self. 【解析】 【导语】本文以晨跑与意志的磨炼为线索展开，讲述了作者从逃避冬季晨跑到被老师的行为感动，最终战胜自我、主动参加晨跑的成长故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容可知，本段可描写作者内心的愧疚与反思——对比张老师的以身作则和自己的逃避行为，领悟到逃避的不仅是寒冷，更是作为学生的责任。 ②由第二段首句内容可知，本段可描写作者态度转变后的实际行动——主动起床参加晨跑，在寒冷中感受到内心的温暖，实现自我超越，获得老师的认可与鼓励。 2.续写线索：逃避晨跑——目睹师行——内心愧疚——深刻反思——主动参与——战胜自我 3.词汇激活 行为类 ① 意识到：realize/become aware of ② 保护：protect/guard/defend ③ 出现：appear/emerge 情绪类 ① 决心：determination/resolution ② 满足：satisfaction/contentment 【点睛】【高分句型1】I realized that while I was seeking my own comfort, my teacher was acting as a role model, protecting his students with all his heart. (运用了while引导的让步状语从句和that引导的宾语从句) 【高分句型2】I understood now that what I had been escaping wasn’t just the cold, but the responsibility a student should have. (运用了what引导的主语从句和省略关系代词的限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高二英语 考生注意： 1．本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 2．答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。 3．考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。 4．本卷命题范围：高考范围。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。 1. Which part of the house has been decorated? A. The kitchen. B. The bathroom. C. The living room. 2. Why does the man ask to see the woman’s driver’s licence? A. She drove too fast. B. Her car light was broken. C. She didn’t wear a seat belt. 3. What does the woman want to do first? A. Buy a gift. B. Have a snack. C. Watch the movie. 4. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a library. B. In a classroom. C. In a bookstore. 5. What is Hafthor Julius Bjornsson? A. An actor. B. A writer. C. A director. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。 听第6段录音，回答第6、7题。 6. How long did the woman work on the computer today? A. 6 hours. B. 7 hours. C. 8 hours. 7. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Fellow workers. C. Teacher and student. 听第7段录音，回答第8至10题。 8. What is the main purpose of the tennis match? A. To have fun with friends. B. To raise money for a hospital. C. To compete for a tennis prize. 9. How will Desmond go to Rickard Avenue? A. By car. B. On foot. C. By subway. 10. When will the speakers meet for breakfast? A. At 10:30 am. B. At 9:30 am. C. At 8:30 am. 听第8段录音，回答第11至13题。 11. Why is Lisa watching a German film? A. To finish her homework. B. To enter a film competition. C. To prepare for her stay in Germany. 12. How does Lisa feel about going to Germany? A. Calm and confident. B. Excited but nervous. C. Happy and relaxed. 13. What do we know about the man? A. He dislikes studying abroad. B. He’s good at foreign languages. C. He didn’t know the programme rule. 听第9段录音,回答第14至17题。 14. Why does the man go to see the professor? A. To hand in his finished paper. B. To ask for advice on his paper. C. To confirm his paper’s due date. 15. What’s the man’s topic of the paper? A. Nature. B. Philosophy. C. Beauty. 16. What does the professor think of the man’s topic? A. It’s too broad. B. It’s too boring. C. It’s too easy. 17. What is the man probably going to do next? A. Change his paper topic. B. Go to the library to do research. C. Discuss Hume with his classmates. 听第10段录音，回答第18至20题。 18. How many copies of Nicholas Sparks’ books have been sold in the US? A. Over 65 million. B. Over 75 million. C. Over 97 million. 19. When did Sparks create the Nicholas Sparks Foundation? A. In 2001. B. In 2011. C. In 2021. 20. What does Sparks think leads to his success? A. His talent. B. A scholarship. C. His education. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The history of science is built on the breakthroughs of brilliant minds. While many have contributed, the work of these four individuals fundamentally changed their fields and continues to impact our lives today. Otto Hahn Otto Hahn was a pioneer in the field of nuclear chemistry. His most famous achievement came in 1939 with the discovery of nuclear fission — a process that releases immense energy by splitting atomic nuclei (原子核). This breakthrough not only earned him the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1944 but also paved the way for both nuclear energy and atomic science. Earlier, in 1921, he also discovered nuclear isomerism, solidifying his role as a key figure in radiochemistry and modern physics. Louis Pasteur Louis Pasteur’s work has saved many lives. He discovered that tiny living things called germs (病菌) can cause sickness and make food go bad. From this, he created a way to heat milk so it is safe to drink — now called pasteurization. He is even better known for making vaccines (疫苗) against serious diseases like rabies and anthrax. His important findings helped start modern germ science and ways to prevent disease, changing how people fight infections. Nikola Tesla Nikola Tesla, a visionary inventor, was instrumental in capturing the power of electricity. He championed alternating current (AC), which proved far superior to direct current for carrying electricity over long distances. This AC system became the foundation of our modern electrical network. Tesla also held groundbreaking patents in radio transmission and electromagnetism (电磁), dreaming up technologies that would only be realized long after his time. James Clerk Maxwell James Clerk Maxwell transformed our understanding of electricity, magnetism, and light. Through a set of elegant equations — now known as Maxwell’s equations — he integrated the theories of electricity and magnetism into a single framework: electromagnetism. His work predicted the existence of radio waves and laid the essential groundwork for both relativity and quantum physics. 1. What Nobel Prize did Otto Hahn win in 1944? A. Medicine. B. Physics. C. Chemistry. D. Literature. 2. What is pasteurization used for? A. Making flu vaccines. B. Increasing milk production. C. Killing germs on chicken. D. Keeping milk safe to drink. 3. What do Tesla and Maxwell have in common? A. They studied electromagnetism. B. They predicted radio waves. C. They explored atomic nuclei. D. They invented alternating current. B Michael Bock’s German Bakery in Beijing may be small and located away from the city center, but its German bread consistently attracts customers from all over the capital. The soul of the bakery is its founder, 62-year-old Michael Bock, a master baker from Hesse, Germany. Bock’s father, also a baker, discouraged him from entering the trade due to the demanding nature of the work — early mornings, hands exposed to lye (碱液), and heavy lifting. Yet, driven by passion, Bock chose this path at 15, starting a three-year training program under Germany’s system. This involved weekly theoretical lessons at a vocational school and practical training in a bakery. After completing this, he became a bakery worker but pursued further advanced training for five additional years. Finally, he passed a rigorous four-day examination covering baking techniques, display, ethics, law, and finance to earn his master baker certification — an achievement he proudly displays alongside his father’s certificate in his shop. In 2008, Bock was invited to bake for the Beijing Olympics, which deepened his connection to China and its culture. Originally planning a short stay, he settled in Beijing. Dissatisfied while working at another bakery due to reductions in the freshness of products, he opened his own shop with his wife’s support. His signature product is the traditional German brezel, a kind of bread, made only with flour, water, yeast, and salt. Bock insists on using German flour and sticking strictly to original recipes to maintain quality and standardization. For over a decade in Beijing, his life has followed a strict routine: waking before 3:00 am to begin work and closing by 5:00 pm, leaving him unable to attend evening social events but ensuring customers receive fresh bread daily. In an age of industrial baking and novel flavors, Bock remains devoted to traditional handcrafted German bread. He avoids additives, focusing on the genuine taste of grains. This commitment has not cost him popularity; instead, he has gained loyal European and Chinese customers. Some even share that his bread brings back memories of Germany, supporting his choices. 4. What does the underlined word “rigorous” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Unnecessary. B. Strict. C. Boring. D. Short. 5. What can be learned about Bock’s brezel? A. It is sold only in the evening. B. It contains additives for better taste. C. It follows original German recipes. D. It uses Chinese flour and new recipes. 6. Which word can best describe Bock as a baker according to the text? A. Committed. B. Lazy. C. Impatient. D. Creative. 7. What is the text mainly about? A. Popular bakers from Beijing. B. A German bakery in Beijing. C. Bock’s family background. D. The history of German bread. C Imagine yourself in a busy Tokyo market, surrounded by incredible food, but you still end up at a familiar McDonald’s. Or, you give up on that dream trip to China’s ancient temples because dealing with Mandarin seems too hard. These situations are common for millions of Americans. Their travel choices are often shaped more by language worries than by their simple desire to travel. A new survey from Preply reveals a striking disconnect between intention and action. While 80% of Americans agree it’s important to learn a few words before traveling abroad, only 58% actually do so. Furthermore, 40% admit to last-minute language study at the airport, compared to just 25% who start practicing months in advance. Most notably, nearly one-third of Americans who have traveled abroad intentionally choose destinations where they won’t need to speak a foreign language, ruling out regions before they even start planning. The reasons for avoiding language learning are varied. 37% believe it is simply too difficult, while 35% assume English is widely spoken enough to get by. Others cite a self-perceived lack of talent for languages, lack of preparation time, or fear of offending locals. When faced with language barriers, Americans employ various methods to manage them. The most common is pointing at menus. Other approaches include making pronunciation mistakes, relying on travel companions, and using translation apps only after arrival. More problematic behaviors include speaking English slowly and loudly or even copying local accents. On the other hand, the benefits of learning even basic local phrases are substantial. Over half of travelers find getting around easier. Nearly half report more enjoyable interactions with locals and smoother daily tasks like ordering food. Emotionally, 47% feel treated more positively, 45% experience a stronger cultural connection, and 43% have less stress. The broader impact is clear: 45% of Americans say they would travel more if they spoke a foreign language. This anxiety not only affects people’s choice of destinations but also decides whether they travel abroad in the first place. As one language expert notes, learning just a few simple phrases can transform a trip, making it more meaningful and rewarding, moving travelers from hesitation to connection. 8. What does the survey from Preply show about Americans? A. Most of them start language study months before travel. B. Most of them find translation apps useless during travel. C. Few of them choose destinations with foreign languages. D. Over half of them learn a few words before going abroad. 9. What do most Americans do when facing language barriers during travel? A. Point at menus to communicate. B. Speak English slowly and loudly. C. Copy local accents intentionally. D. Turn to travel companions for help. 10. What is the author’s attitude towards learning basic local phrases? A. Doubtful. B. Conservative. C. Favorable. D. Critical. 11. What can we infer from the text? A. English is widely spoken worldwide. B. Most Americans hate learning foreign languages. C. Cultural connection depends on local phrases. D. Language anxiety limits Americans’ travel. D Switzerland’s glaciers experienced severe melting in 2025, with their total volume decreasing by 3%, according to a recent report from the Swiss glacier monitoring group GLAMOS and the Swiss Academy of Sciences. This marks the fourth-largest annual ice loss on record, following the annual ice losses in 2022, 2023, and 2003. The combined effect of such melting over the past decade has been destructive, resulting in a loss of one-quarter of Switzerland’s total glacier ice mass. Scientists described the glacial melting as “enormous” this year. The primary causes were a combination of a low-snowfall winter and intense heat waves during June and August. June 2025 was recorded as the second-warmest June in history, which led to the early reduction of snow reserves by early July. Consequently, the ice masses began to melt earlier than ever observed, speeding up the overall decline. Matthias Huss, head of GLAMOS and a glaciologist at ETH Zurich University, emphasized that human-caused global warming is the fundamental cause. “Glaciers are clearly fading because of global warming related to human activity,” he stated, noting that this is the main driver behind the faster melting witnessed in recent years. The implications of this rapid ice loss are far-reaching. Switzerland, which is home to nearly 1,400 glaciers — the most in Europe — sees its glaciers as critical resources. They influence hydropower generation, tourism, agriculture, and water supply across many European nations. The environmental changes are already noticeable: more than 1,000 small glaciers in Switzerland have completely disappeared. Beyond resource management, the melting glaciers are directly changing Switzerland’s physical landscape. The reduction of ice is causing mountains to become unstable and shift, increasing the risk of rock and ice collapses. This was clearly illustrated in May 2025, when a massive section of rock and ice broke off a glacier, thundering down a mountainside and nearly burying the southern village of Blatten. This event has put Swiss authorities in a state of heightened caution for similar incidents in the future. The consistent and more rapid melting serves as a clear indicator of the ongoing climate crisis, underscoring the urgent need for global action to address its root causes. 12. How does the author present the severity of glacial melting in paragraph 1? A. By explaining scientific theories. B. By interviewing local villagers. C. By listing related records. D. By introducing research methods. 13. What has caused the earlier melting of Swiss glaciers in 2025? A. Frequent rock and ice collapses. B. High temperatures in June and August. C. Reduced hydropower generation needs. D. The record-low number of small glaciers. 14. What does the author want to show by mentioning the Blatten village? A. The danger of glacial collapses. B. The work of Swiss authorities. C. The decline of resources. D. The change of physical landscape. 15. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To introduce GLAMOS’s new report. B. To promote tourism in Switzerland. C. To track the process of glacier melting. D. To call for action against climate crisis. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Illeism: The Ancient Trick to Help You Think More Wisely As a writer specialising in psychology, I’ve come across hundreds of evidence-based tips for better thinking. Few have proven as useful to me as the ancient strategy of illeism. Put simply, illeism is the practice of talking about oneself in the third person rather than the first person. ____16____ In the emperor Julius Caesar’s account of the Gallic War, for example, he wrote “Caesar avenged the public” rather than “I avenged the public”. To the modern ear, illeism can sound a little silly or self-important. ____17____ If we are trying to make a difficult decision, speaking about ourselves in the third person can help to reduce the emotions that could lead our thinking off track, allowing us to find a wiser solution to our problem. ____18____ This is because when making personal choices, we become too caught up in our emotions, which cloud our thinking and prevent us from putting our issues in perspective. If we have received negative feedback from a colleague, for example, our feeling of embarrassment might lead us to become overly self-defensive. By switching to the third person, our descriptions of the situation will start to sound as if we are talking about someone else rather than ourselves. ____19____ By encouraging us to put our problems in perspective, the use of illeism may also help us to have a more balanced response to daily stresses. Next time you face a challenging situation, try referring to yourself as “he” or “she” instead of “I”. ____20____ A. Try this technique. B. Politicians often use this method. C. This creates helpful distance from emotions. D. So why do emotions affect our decisions so much? E. Yet research shows illeism brings real thinking benefits. F. However, lack of objectivity can be problematic when choosing. G. You might be surprised at how much clearer your thinking becomes. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 A mother of three was hailed (称颂) as a hero after helping rescue fellow guests from a motel fire that broke out in the early hours of Boxing Day. Elizabeth Manson woke up around 3:00 am to find smoke ____21____ her family’s rented room. After quickly waking her children, Manson didn’t run straight to ____22____. Instead, she made a split-second ____23____ that would change everything — she ran door to door through the smoke-filled motel, shouting and knocking on doors to ____24____ anyone who was still sleeping. “I ____25____, ‘Wake up! Fire’” Manson told CHEK News. Families fled (逃离) with almost nothing, many barefoot and still in their pajamas, as the fire ____26____ rapidly through the building. Within minutes, flames were ____27____. Despite suffering from ____28____ asthma (哮喘), Manson kept going. Her daughter, 21-year-old Tatayana Jimenez, later said she was ____29____ proud of her mother for pushing through the danger to help others ____30____. Among those saved was Nakul Joseph, who later met Manson for the first time and immediately ____31____ her. “Thank you for saving our lives,” he told her. Joseph said he had only seconds to escape and ____32____ jumping from a second-floor balcony — calling it one of the ____33____ moments of his life. Manson, overwhelmed by the aftermath, said she was simply ____34____ that she was awake when it mattered most. Manson’s selfless act not only saved numerous lives but also served as a (n) ____35____ example of courage and humanity in the face of danger. 21. A. stretching B. clearing C. filling D. infecting 22. A. ruins B. safety C. anxiety D. crises 23. A. mistake B. deal C. plan D. decision 24. A. wake B. identify C. treat D. fetch 25. A. whispered B. argued C. screamed D. claimed 26. A. controlled B. spread C. carved D. called 27. A. dizzy B. universal C. gentle D. visible 28. A. severe B. obvious C. loose D. internal 29. A. relevantly B. consciously C. incredibly D. symbolically 30. A. fight B. escape C. locate D. slip 31. A. retrained B. persuaded C. observed D. hugged 32. A. relied on B. adapted to C. ended up D. focused on 33. A. scariest B. fairest C. sweetest D. worst 34. A. motivated B. grateful C. anxious D. puzzled 35. A. abstract B. frightening C. creative D. inspiring 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A worker from Central China’s Henan Province, who ____36____ (be) in Beijing for 20 years, gifted himself a rare luxury: For the first time, he spent 100 yuan to enter a theater and watch a Yuju Opera performance. In a video, he explained this was an early birthday gift to himself — a chance to watch a beloved hometown opera ____37____ heroine came from his own hometown — Tangyin, Henan. “This is also a way ____38____ (promote) my hometown,” he shared on social media. As he spoke about opera performers from various regions, his eyes lit up with ____39____ (familiar) and affection. That 100-yuan ticket for a back-row seat was, in fact, the shortest path back to his roots. In a theater far from home, he purchased not just an admission ticket, but a “spiritual ticket” ____40____ (connect) him to his cultural identity. The familiar dialect (方言) of Yuju Opera became a bridge spanning (跨越) the distance to Tangyin, reflecting the lasting charm (魅力) ____41____ the complex role of traditional opera in contemporary, mobile society. For this man and countless others living away from their hometowns, traditional opera has been more than entertainment. ____42____ (root) in cultural memory, it functions as a spiritual anchor (支柱). When he ____43____ (enthusiastic) listed local opera stars, it revealed a profound cultural phenomenon: In an era of accelerated population mobility, opera serves as a vital medium for ____44____ (emotion) connection to one’s heritage. Hearing the hometown dialect in the theater is ____45____ act of consuming cultural belonging. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你的笔友Tom来信说，面对人工智能的快速发展，他对未来选择什么职业感到迷茫。请你给他回一封信，内容包括： 1. 分析AI时代职业环境的变化； 2. 提出职业选择的建议。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Tom, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The winter in my city was very cold. Every morning at 6:30, the sharp wind would blow outside my window, as if laughing at my struggle to leave my warm bed. The sky was still dark, and the frozen trees stood like statues in the heavy frost. Our school organized a morning run, a rule I considered a kind of suffering. Mr. Zhang, our teacher, often told us, “Morning running isn’t just about building a strong body; it’s about making your will stronger. If you can beat the cold, you can beat any difficulty in life.” I, however, did not believe him. To me, his words were just like the wind, passing through my ears without any effect. I became a master of “disappearing.” Sometimes I would hide in the restroom; other times, I would fake a stomachache. My classmates called me “The Ghost of the Morning Run.” While they were out there shivering, I was secretly proud of my cleverness, enjoying those stolen moments of warmth and doing nothing. One Tuesday, the temperature dropped to a record low. As I was slipping into my usual hiding spot, I saw Mr. Zhang. He was nearly sixty, yet he was standing at the front of the line, energetic and firm. I later learned he believed that as a teacher, he should be a role model to encourage us to face challenges. During the run, a student accidentally fell down. Mr. Zhang immediately stopped, knelt in the freezing wind to help the boy up, and even gave his own gloves to the shivering student. He then continued to lead the run, his thin figure steady and determined in the thick white air, inspiring everyone behind him. 注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Watching Mr. Zhang’s figure moving away in the cold air, I felt a strong sense of guilt. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The next morning, when the 6:30 alarm rang, I didn’t stop it to stay in bed. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $