精品解析：上海市七宝中学2025-2026学年高一下学期5月月考英语试卷

上海市七宝中学2025-2026学年高一下学期5月月考 英语试卷 I. Listening Comprehension (10*1’+10*2’=30’) Section A 1. A. In a hotel. B. At an airport. C. In a supermarket. D. At a railway station. 2. A. She is fully occupied. B. She failed the test once. C. She plans to reschedule the test. D. She needs more time to prepare. 3. A. She couldn’t book a hotel online. B. She lost her reservation number. C. Her booking wasn’t recognized. D. She refused to stay at the hotel. 4. A. The traffic is heavy. B. The facilities are poor. C. It costs a great amount. D. It is far from his office. 5. A. Put keys in the mailbox. B. Call the building manager. C. Pick up the woman at school. D. Give the keys to the woman in person. 6. A. She doesn’t want to wait in line. B. She prefers to see another movie. C. They may have to watch a later show. D. The tickets have already been sold out. 7. A. She is not good at writing. B. She will finish the chapter soon. C. She is struggling with the chapter. D. She doesn’t know how to start the chapter. 8. A. She doesn’t think Mike can win. B. She doubts the article’s accuracy. C. She thinks Mike is an admirable boxer. D. She is curious about how Mike will perform. 9. A. The copier will last for five years. B. The copier needs maintenance soon. C. The copier has been in use for five years. D. The copier lasts much shorter than guaranteed. 10. A. Mike’s cancellation was unexpected. B. Mike always cancels at the last minute. C. They should have planned the move earlier. D. They should not ask Mike for help next time. Section B Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. Visiting destinations within one day. B. Mainly focusing on domestic travel. C. Packing as many activities into one day. D. Prioritizing environmental sustainability in travel plans. 12. A. Organize trips via social media. B. Travel within their own country. C. Share tips and destination ideas. D. Go abroad without stay overnight. 13. A. Because they contribute to carbon emissions. B. Because trains are less convenient than flights. C. Because they are time-consuming and exhausting. D. Because there isn’t enough time to see everything in big cities. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Improved diet-related behaviors. B. Sustained mental health benefits. C. Greater satisfaction with daily life. D. A marked increase in their confidence. 15. A. The course was more effective for men than for women. B. Weight loss is a key factor in improving mental well-being. C. Participants had to improve their diet to feel better mentally. D. Feeling confident about cooking is correlated with mental health benefits. 16. A. It raised men’s cooking confidence to 77%. B. It bridged the initial confidence gap between genders. C. It resulted in men becoming more confident than women. D. It significantly increased the confidence levels of women. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. She needs to take another official English test. B. Her IELTS is not recognized by graduate programs. C. She doesn’t know how to write personal statements. D. She can’t receive the recommendation letter on time. 18. A. To prepare for a TOEFL test. B. To work for a marketing company. C. To finish client reports for her internship. D. To balance her internship and applications. 19. A. Finalize her papers. B. Sign up for an IELTS test. C. Go on with the internship. D. Perfect her application materials. 20. A. She won’t have time to attend the TOEFL test. B. The documents and test scores may not arrive on time. C. Her IELTS score may not meet the minimum requirement. D. Her application for graduate programs may not be accepted. II. Vocabulary Section A (10*1 =10’) 选词填空 A. substantial B. application C. exclusive D. strove E. thrive F. stroke G. grave H. distress I. prescribes J. harvest K. treat 1. The international convention ________ clear standards that every nation must follow to protect vulnerable groups. 2. The Shaw Foundation aims to relieve poverty and ________ caused by severe natural disasters. 3. There are ________ differences between studying liberal arts and studying science. 4. Mother Teresa’s lifelong ________ to serving the underprivileged fundamentally contributed to her being awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. 5. Only by making constant efforts and believing in yourself can you reap a(n) ________ in the future. 6. The students ________ for perfection in the modeling competition and achieved outstanding results. 7. The couple took their child, who was just admitted to Qibao High School, to Disneyland as a special ________. 8. The coach has told The Times about the athlete’s winning the national competition in a(n) ________ interview. 9. The small island, which is surrounded by clear blue seas on all sides, sees its tourism ________. 10. At the press conference, the police expressed ________ concern about the missing child’s safety. Section B (10*1+10*1.5 =25’) (A) 选词填空 Is Exercise as Good as Antidepressants? A. blinded B. essential C. flaws D. interventions E. motivation F. pooled G. psychological H. reliability I. separate J. unwelcome K. vulnerable For those in depression, few things are more tiresome than being told to exercise. But ____11____ advice is not necessarily wrong. Study after study has found that exercise boosts mood and reduces anxiety. Two large analyses published earlier this year go further, suggesting that it works about as well as therapy or antidepressants. The first took the form of a Cochrane review – a well-regarded meta-analysis of health-care research. It ____12____ the results of 69 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) conducted to measure the effects of exercise on depression. The second paper was a so-called meta-meta-analysis. It drew on more than 1,000 trials involving nearly 80,000 participants. Both concluded that exercise reduces symptoms of depression and anxiety by roughly as much as conventional treatments. However, there are potential experimental errors. The ____13____ of meta-analyses mostly depends on the studies they include, and exercise trials are at high risk of bias. For one thing, participants cannot be blinded – they know if they are doing push-ups or not – which makes their self-reported mood ____14____ to any favourable expectations they might have. What’s more, the meta-meta-analysis did not include any studies that tested exercise against other ____15____. The findings from the exercise trials were, instead, compared against those from ____16____ trials of antidepressants or therapy. But unlike exercise studies, RCTs of antidepressants are typically well ____17____ and have strong placebo effects (安慰剂效应), making it harder for them to achieve similarly impressive results. Despite these ____18____, most researchers are still confident that exercise helps improve mood. Aerobic workouts seem to be particularly beneficial across the board. It appears to reduce inflammation and improve brain plasticity, as well as increasing the transmission of dopamine (多巴胺) in the brain. Dopamine helps weigh effort against reward, so increasing transmission may help reverse the loss of ____19____ associated with depression. There are also purely ____20____ benefits. Exercise can provide people with a sense of achievement, agency and eventually mastery, all of which are known to lift mood. However, why exercise works is far from clear. （B） 选词填空 Discovery of an Ancient Roman Mosaic A. particularly B. accessible C. ruins D. excavations E. senior F. official G. press H. imported I. features J. finds K. deliberately A beautiful, remarkably well-preserved mosaic that was “hidden for thousands of years” has been uncovered by archaeologists in northwestern England. The mosaic, which ____21____ fish and dolphins, was discovered in Wroxeter Roman City. As the fourth largest city in Roman Britain, almost as big as Pompeii during its heyday, its ____22____ now survive as an archaeological and educational site about 50 miles west of Birmingham. Still displaying its bright white, red, blue and yellow colors, the mosaic is the first to be discovered at Wroxeter since 1859, according to a(n) ____23____ release from Vianova Archaeology, which was involved in the dig. It was likely in the dining room of a wealthy person or city ____24____ used to “entertaining wealthy guests” who was “determined to impress people with this fine mosaic,” Win Scutt, ____25____ properties curator at English Heritage, which runs the site, told CNN. Scutt added that archaeologists can’t be completely sure of its function because they have only had a “glimpse” of it. A mosaic featuring six colors, requiring stones to be ____26____ from outside the local area, and one that depicts designs like this has never been found in Wroxeter before, said Roger White, an archaeologist at the University of Birmingham. Discovering such a mosaic, ____27____ one that dates back to the early 2nd century, was an unexpected boon for the archaeologists, who had initially expected only 4th-century ____28____. The mosaic likely survived for all this time because the room was filled in with building debris to raise up its interior, likely sometime in the 3rd or 4th century. This protective fill layer made the mosaic ____29____ without disturbing deeper historical remains. “Our ____30____ were in hope of discovering the walls of this building, but we never suspected we would find a beautiful and intact mosaic, which had lain hidden for thousands of years,” Scutt added. III. Reading Comprehension Section A (15*1=15’) Not So Cold-Blooded The word reptilian (爬虫类的) doesn’t describe just lizards and snakes. When ____31____ humans, it means an unfriendly and unfeeling type of person. But scientists agree that reptiles aren’t emotionless. A growing body of studies are pushing back on the widely-accepted notion that reptiles only have the capability for ____32____ instincts, and not for emotional intelligence. While they may not be outwardly ____33____ in the same way that humans or other mammals are, reptiles are indeed highly social animals, and have developed complex ____34____ for parental care, courtship, and nesting. However, even as research on reptile ____35____ continues to build, the stereotypes around reptilian emotions have, to some extent, ____36____ to this day. This myth largely stems from the concept of the “lizard brain”. Popularized in the 1970s by astronomer and science communicator Carl Sagan, the term refers to the parts of the human brain that we use for survival nature. Based on this theory, the human brain evolved over time by adding progressively more ____37____ structures to this underdeveloped “lizard brain,” including the limbic (边缘的) system, which is the source of our emotions. Because reptiles are our evolutionary predecessors, some researchers long believed that this ____38____ part of the brain was the only part that originated with our scaly (有鳞片的) ancestors, and that without humanlike brain structures, reptiles didn’t have the capacity for emotions at all. Scientists say it may also partly because reptiles express their emotions differently than humans. In a 2021 study, researchers found that lizards emit chemicals to communicate with each other, meaning they’re much harder to ____39____ than their mammalian counterparts. Additionally, reptiles are relatively ____40____, which can make them hard to study. Some species of reptiles, ____41____, are known to disappear for months at a time, leading to difficulties in collecting data and kickstarting ____42____ efforts. In fact, more and more reptilian species are threatened by habitat loss and considered endangered, among which desert-dwelling reptiles are particularly vulnerable in the face of extreme ____43____. The long-established misconception, however, can lead to a lack of consciousness for reptiles’ needs in captivity (人工圈养) and in the wild. What worries scientists and conservationists most is that our tendency to dismiss reptiles isn’t just ____44____. For decades, instead, it has impacted the level of habitat protections they’re afforded. It is emphasized that ____45____ reptiles’ capacity for emotion can help pet owners and policymakers alike take better care of them. 31. A. applied to B. confined to C. compared to D. relevant to 32. A. intellectual B. functional C. social D. survival 33. A. attractive B. cooperative C. expressive D. impressive 34. A. ceremonies B. commands C. rituals D. rules 35. A. colonization B. domestication C. evolution D. socialization 36. A. changed B. disappeared C. emerged D. persisted 37. A. fundamental B. natural C. sophisticated D. flexible 38. A. central B. instinctual C. social D. traditional 39. A. approach B. capture C. read D. trust 40. A. aggressive B. indifferent C. secretive D. independent 41. A. as a result B. beyond expectation C. by contrast D. for example 42. A. communication B. conservation C. exploration D. evolution 43. A. concern B. drought C. isolation D. starvation 44. A. complicated B. harmful C. psychological D. temporary 45. A. establishing B. describing C. recognizing D. strengthening Section B (15*2=30’) (A) Probably the number one complaint about reading Shakespeare is that it doesn’t always read like “normal” English. It’s a natural and reasonable accusation. Shakespeare wrote for an audience over 400 years ago. Think about how word meanings and expressions change over a relatively short time; four centuries bring with them a lot of differences. The Renaissance and England’s emerging status as a sea power exposed the language to an ever-increasing range of cultures and languages. At the same time, there was no real standardization in English. Formal dictionaries and grammar textbooks simply did not exist. “Proper” education focused much more on classical Latin than on oral English. Because of this neglect, English had a certain flexibility to it, of which Shakespeare took advantage. So how can a reader today bridge that gap between then and now? There are two critical issues to address: word usage and grammar. Once you understand these fundamental concepts, Shakespeare becomes a lot more accessible. First and foremost, there have been numerous vocabulary changes in English since Shakespeare was writing. While many words are still recognizable today, others have shifted in their meaning or dropped altogether from usage. Often the context in which a word is used will help you determine its meaning. Furthermore, a good book edition with detailed footnotes will help you, as well as a good dictionary. The more you read the works of Shakespeare, the more familiar you will become with the words. Another great way to get an understanding of the language is to watch his works in performance. A good actor can really make the language come to life by adding emotions into the lines he speaks. It is said that even in Shakespeare’s day, the audience probably wouldn’t have understood 10% more than you; they also relied on visuals and emotions to understand. Grammar is where the flexibility of Shakespeare’s English is often most apparent. Parts of speech are frequently switched, such as nouns or adjectives becoming verbs. Shakespeare habitually wrote sentences where verbs and subjects don’t always agree. Moreover, the sentence construction adds to confusion, with inversions of the basic subject-verb-object order. While we would say, “John caught the ball,” Shakespeare might express the same idea with sentences like “John the ball caught,” or “The ball John caught.” 46. Which of the following is NOT cited as a reason for the non-standardized nature of English in Shakespeare’s time? A. More educational focus on classical Latin. B. External cultural and linguistic influences on the language. C. Shakespeare’s tendency to take advantage of English flexibility. D. Lack of grammar textbooks and widely-recognized dictionaries. 47. Which of the following advice may help you with reading Shakespeare? A. Rely on your visuals and emotions while reading. B. Guess the meaning of some words out of the context. C. Buy a book edition without explanations and footnotes. D. Consult an authoritative dictionary for unfamiliar words. 48. Which of the following is NOT a typical example of Shakespeare’s flexible use of grammar? A. He childed as I fathered. B. I should be false persuaded. C. Love all, trust a few, and do wrong to none. D. Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines. 49. What is the primary purpose of the passage? A. To detail the historical events that influenced Shakespeare’s writing style. B. To compare the vocabulary of Elizabethan English with that of modern English. C. To explain the linguistic challenges in reading Shakespeare and suggest ways to overcome them. D. To emphasize the superiority of watching Shakespeare’s plays over reading them and popularize the performances. (B) The best white noise machines for a good night’s sleep Sleep is crucial to health. But disruptive (扰乱的) noises can prevent you from falling asleep. White noise machines could help, according to one study. LectroFan Classic MASKS NOISE: LectroFan Classic helps block out disruptive environmental noises. It can help improve sleep, focus, privacy, and relaxation. 20 NON-REPEATING SOUNDS: A total of 20 unique non-repeating, digitally created sounds. 10 fan sounds & 10 white noise variations, including pink & brown noise. SAFE: Safe, solid-state design is powered by AC (交流电) or USB and dynamically creates unique, non-repeating sounds. VOLUME CONTROL: Precise volume control allows you to set the perfect level for your unique environment. Yogasleep Rohm+ EFFECTIVELY MASKS NOISE: The Rohm effectively cancels out noises that may disturb or distract you for improved sleep and concentration. GENTLE SOUNDS: 20 different sounds including music, nature, white, pink, and brown noise, as well as Bluetooth speaker features to allow you to play your own music or sounds and to make a conference call on the road when you need. CRUSH (压坏) RESISTANT: Stylish, crush-resistant travel case fits perfectly with Yogasleep Rohm white noise machines. BATTERY OPERATED: Rechargeable through USB. Hatch Rest+ BEST FOR BABIES: Sound machine — keep your little one dreaming with sounds like white noise, wind, and rain. Night light — make midnight feedings comforting and the dark less scary with a calming light. Time-to-Rise — set up this light and sound combination to let your early riser know when it’s time to rise. Built-in two-way sound monitor. POWERED BY: AC and rechargeable. Loftie Clock FAVORITE CLOCK: Loftie Clock uses sound and lights to help ease you into and out of sleep. GENTLY UNWIND: Enjoy over 100 free tracks, from breathwork and sound baths to all kinds of white noise and nature sounds. AI-GENERATED PERSONAL STORIES: Loftie’s Magic Story Maker AI has an upgraded feature that lets you create sleep stories with Typeform. It then uses ChatGPT and ElevenLabs AI to craft your story. Unlocking the Magic Story Maker AI requires an upgrade to a Loftie+ account in the app ($5 per month). POWERED BY: AC power 50. _____ is the most suitable for Joana, whose baby sleeps in her room. A. LectroFan Classic B. Yogasleep Rohm+ C. Hatch Rest+ D. Loftie Clock 51. If you want to buy a white noise machine for your friend Tim, who often travels on business, you need to pay _____. A. $34.95. B. $40.03. C. $159.99. D. $149.00. 52. What can be learned about the four white noise machines? A. The four of them can all produce white noise and nature sounds. B. One of them can help you create your own sleep stories for free. C. Two of them can be powered by both AC and rechargeable batteries. D. Two of them can not only help you fall asleep but also wake you up. (C) We’ve put reacting on autopilot. We pounce, panic, and intensify distress rather than pause and regulate. A teenager plunges when a selfie doesn’t get enough likes; a parent assumes their career is at risk after one critical email. These quick outbursts reflect what I have termed an “overreaction epidemic”: small triggers snowball into outsize emotional responses. Predictably, the response to this idea has been extreme. After I wrote about this topic, thousands of people messaged me. Many accused me of being tone-deaf, arguing I was asking people to “calm down” while global tensions rise or climate disasters grow. “Imagine the layers of privilege it takes to deceive people into thinking they are overreacting,” one critic stated. Others pushed back in the opposite direction, insisting that given the state of the world, we are actually “underreacting”. All these perspectives hold truth. However, the solution to the overreaction epidemic is emotion regulation — a concept that is often misunderstood. Emotion regulation is a set of intentional skills for managing feelings wisely. At its core, it is about choosing responses that reflect our goals and values. Clearly, the word “overreaction” can be a trigger point. For many, it signals dismissal, as if I were saying “Your fear is invalid.” That is not my message. Fear, anger, and grief are appropriate responses to real crises. The problem arises when emotions run unchecked. We erupt in anger, drown in negative feeds until 2 a.m., or paralyze ourselves with despair. Over time, we burn out before we can meaningfully act. Many people hear “regulate” and think “contain”. They imagine some kind of emotion police telling us what we may not feel. But regulation isn’t about obedience; it’s about power. It is about deciding how to use our emotions so they fuel action rather than hijack it. Take anger, for example. Anger is not a problem to be eliminated; it is crucial data telling us our moral code is being violated. However, anger without direction is like a wildfire. It burns hot and fast, then leaves nothing but ashes. With emotion regulation, that same anger becomes a steady flame — a force that warms, guides, and endures. Civil rights leaders didn’t succeed because they lacked rage; they succeeded because they learned to channel it without being consumed. Furthermore, we almost never regulate alone. We shape one another’s states all day long, a process called co-regulation. Think of the teacher who calms a nervous child, or the friend who listens with empathy. These small acts are the fabric of resilience. Conversely, dismissing or escalating someone else’s feelings is also a form of co-regulation — just the unhealthy kind. Movements endure only when people create microclimates of safety and trust. We live in an era of rising uncertainty and mounting challenges. No one is suggesting we look away. But living in constant panic will not save us. Emotion regulation doesn’t tell us to ignore crises. It equips us to face them without losing ourselves — or one another — in the process. The world doesn’t need less passion. It needs passion that lasts. 53. Why did the author’s previous writing on the “overreaction epidemic” cause strong criticism from readers? A. Readers felt his advice was scientifically inaccurate and lacked evidence. B. Critics believed he was dismissing the justification of their reactions to real crises. C. People argued overreacting was the most effective way to solve social problems. D. He was accused of encouraging people to express their anger too aggressively. 54. What point does the author intend to make by comparing regulated anger to a “steady flame”? A. Anger is a destructive force that must be extinguished immediately. B. Stable expression of anger demands specialized techniques for communication. C. Regulated emotions provide a sustainable source of energy for long-term action. D. Civil rights leaders succeeded because they had less rage than people do today. 55. The concept of “co-regulation” refers to ________. A. a mutual process where individuals influence each other’s emotional states B. a technique used exclusively by teachers to calm nervous students C. the tendency of society to collectively ignore uncomfortable truths D. the individual’s capacity to manage emotions independently 56. The best title of the passage is ________. A. The Global Rise of Overreaction and Its Critics B. How Co-regulation Shapes Our Emotional Lives C. Controlling Emotions: A Misguided Approach to Crisis D. From Overreaction to Regulation: Mastering Emotional Responses (D) The Modern Odyssey of Adulthood Recently, the term “Odyssey Years” has surged as a trending topic on Chinese social media. Coined by American columnist David Brooks, it describes the distinct transitional phase between adolescence and stable adulthood, typically spanning from one’s early twenties to the mid-thirties. In his work, Brooks notes that while life was once commonly seen in four stages—childhood, adolescence, adulthood and old age, it now unfolds in at least six—childhood, adolescence, odyssey, adulthood, active retirement and old age. _______57_______ The term draws directly on the metaphor of Homer’s ancient Greek epic, The Odyssey, which tells the story of Odysseus and his long, uncertain journey home after the Trojan War. His path was filled with unforeseen challenges, mythical monsters, and relentless temptations, which ultimately becomes a foundational narrative about adventure, perseverance, and finding one’s way back home. This intricate modern life stage is defined by several key features. First, as traditional milestones like marriage, home ownership, and settling down are increasingly delayed in modern life, it represents a prolonged exploration period. _______58_______ Like Odysseus sailing uncharted seas, this naturally leads to a widespread uncertainty and confusion among young adults in this phase. This fluid state also drives a deep search for identity exploration and reinvention. _______59_______ Sociologist Xiang Biao describes a part of this experience as a “floating” state—a life of constant motion that may lack deep reflection or lasting connection. _______60_______ Rather, it is increasingly understood as a necessary path to maturity, serving as a crucial time for self-evaluation and for laying a solid foundation for a stable and purposeful adult life. In this sense, the odyssey is not a detour from the destination, but an integral part of the journey itself—a modern coming-of-age ceremony where one’s own story of perseverance and discovery is composed. A. The least understood among these is the odyssey itself, the formative decade of wandering. B. People experiment with careers, values, and life directions, trying to build a stable sense of self. C. Of these, the most lasting is the odyssey, a critical period for one’s true independence and overall maturity. D. Yet, to view the Odyssey Years merely as a period of confusion or avoidance is to miss its deeper significance. E. The modern path from the end of education to a sense of true independence is becoming longer, less linear, and more loosely defined. F. Therefore, the concept of Odyssey Years perfectly echoes youngsters’ inner confusion, gaining widespread popularity among them. IV. Grammar (20*1=20’) (A) 语法填空 Celebrate Selfless Spirit Although May 24 was a working day, thousands of people wearing black went to the Mingyangshan Funeral Home in Hunan province for a funeral service at 10 am to present bouquets and bunches of rice plants to honor Yuan Longping, a top rice scientist, known ______61______ the “father of hybrid rice”. ______62______ (raise) in an era of war and famine, Yuan witnessed the despair of people who lost the land they lived on. Tough and exhausting ______63______ it would be, Yuan was determined to study agriculture when he applied for university. He said: “Having enough food was people’s utmost priority,” noted People’s Daily. To relieve the global suffering, Yuan began researching hybrid rice in 1964 and succeeded in cultivating the world’s first high-yielding hybrid rice strain in 1973, after ______64______ he significantly increased the China’s average output to 7.5 tons per hectare, while globally it was 4.61 tons. More importantly, he was selfless when it came to ______65______ (share) his research to benefit people globally. To date, his hybrid rice strain ______66______ (cultivate) in large areas of India, Bangladesh, Indonesia, Vietnam, the US and Brazil. Hybrid rice seeds are being planted on 4.5 million hectares of land in Asian rice-producing countries, excluding China. “Professor Yuan was incredibly humble, focusing only on hard work and results that could help alleviate poverty and lift people out of hunger ___67___ seeking fame or adulation,” Kenneth M. Quinn, president emeritus of the World Food Prize Foundation, told China Daily. Yuan could make such achievements partly ______68______ he believed in the power of science as a harvest multiplier, noted People’s Daily. Using research and trials at his national center, Yuan continued to produce increasingly higher-yielding super-hybrid plants, ______69______ panicles (稻穗) were so full of grain that they bent, _______70_______ there were a waterfall of rice throughout the field. To observe his plants closely, Yuan spent more time in a field than in an office, just as farmers did. Quinn said the scientist maintained a “down-to-earth” attitude. (B) 语法填空 Economic inequality adds more than 100,000 deaths to the vast toll from heat and cold in Europe each year, research has found. Cutting levels of inequality to match ____71____ of Europe’s most equal region, Slovenia, as measured by the Gini index, would reduce temperature-related mortality (死亡人数)____72____ up to 30%, equating to 109,866 people, the study found. The findings come after the EU’s Copernicus monitoring project ranked last month as the third-hottest April on record globally, with some countries such as Spain ____73____ (report) their hottest April on record. The return of the natural heating phenomenon El Niño—which may shape up to be unusually strong – has raised fears of a brutal European summer in 2026. The researchers found that high death tolls from heat and cold ____74____ (associate) with several indicators of hardship, such as poverty and the inability to heat a home. As well as lowering inequality within regions, cutting severe material and social deprivation across the continent to the level of central Switzerland, the least ____75____ (affect) region, would result in 59,000 fewer heat and cold deaths, according to the study. The research is the first ____76____ (quantify) the effect of socioeconomic troubles on the lives lost during Europe’s bone-chillingly cold winters and scorchingly hot summers. The researchers said it added weight to calls to target short-term relief to vulnerable groups and, in the longer-term, reduce structural inequality in Europe. “It’s a two for one,” said Blanca Paniello-Castillo, a biomedical scientist at the Barcelona Institute for Global Health and lead author of the study. “____77____ the equity perspective would be more included in policies — European, national, local, whatever — we would be hitting two goals at the same time.” Heat and cold stress the body, leaving it more subject to disease and ____78____ (able) to fight it off. Mortality rises sharply when temperatures deviate from ____79____ is assumed to be a comfortable range, particularly among people who are old or ill. The analysis, ____80____ looked at daily mortality data for 654 regions in Europe between 2000 and 2019, estimated “attributable deaths” by modelling the health burden if all regions had the best and worst values they found for each economic indicator. V. Translation (4*5=20’) 81. 这位年轻的钢琴家突然意识到，名利并不是他想追求的。（dawn）(汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________ 82. 正是压力和疾病提醒着我们：好好休息是快节奏生活的解药。(cure，强调句型)(汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________ 83. 我坚信，呈现时代新风貌、肩负社会责任，是青少年的一份荣幸。(convince)(汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________ 84. 凭借坚持不懈的努力和乐观的态度，这位老师致力于将山区的孩子送入大学。（apply）(汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________ 85. 过去的几十年见证了温室气体排放的下降趋势，鼓励全世界人民继续推进绿色发展。(trend)(汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 上海市七宝中学2025-2026学年高一下学期5月月考 英语试卷 I. Listening Comprehension (10*1’+10*2’=30’) Section A 1. A. In a hotel. B. At an airport. C. In a supermarket. D. At a railway station. 2. A. She is fully occupied. B. She failed the test once. C. She plans to reschedule the test. D. She needs more time to prepare. 3. A. She couldn’t book a hotel online. B. She lost her reservation number. C. Her booking wasn’t recognized. D. She refused to stay at the hotel. 4. A. The traffic is heavy. B. The facilities are poor. C. It costs a great amount. D. It is far from his office. 5. A. Put keys in the mailbox. B. Call the building manager. C. Pick up the woman at school. D. Give the keys to the woman in person. 6. A. She doesn’t want to wait in line. B. She prefers to see another movie. C. They may have to watch a later show. D. The tickets have already been sold out. 7. A. She is not good at writing. B. She will finish the chapter soon. C. She is struggling with the chapter. D. She doesn’t know how to start the chapter. 8. A. She doesn’t think Mike can win. B. She doubts the article’s accuracy. C. She thinks Mike is an admirable boxer. D. She is curious about how Mike will perform. 9. A. The copier will last for five years. B. The copier needs maintenance soon. C. The copier has been in use for five years. D. The copier lasts much shorter than guaranteed. 10. A. Mike’s cancellation was unexpected. B. Mike always cancels at the last minute. C. They should have planned the move earlier. D. They should not ask Mike for help next time. Section B Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. Visiting destinations within one day. B. Mainly focusing on domestic travel. C. Packing as many activities into one day. D. Prioritizing environmental sustainability in travel plans. 12. A. Organize trips via social media. B. Travel within their own country. C. Share tips and destination ideas. D. Go abroad without stay overnight. 13. A. Because they contribute to carbon emissions. B. Because trains are less convenient than flights. C. Because they are time-consuming and exhausting. D. Because there isn’t enough time to see everything in big cities. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Improved diet-related behaviors. B. Sustained mental health benefits. C. Greater satisfaction with daily life. D. A marked increase in their confidence. 15. A. The course was more effective for men than for women. B. Weight loss is a key factor in improving mental well-being. C. Participants had to improve their diet to feel better mentally. D. Feeling confident about cooking is correlated with mental health benefits. 16. A. It raised men’s cooking confidence to 77%. B. It bridged the initial confidence gap between genders. C. It resulted in men becoming more confident than women. D. It significantly increased the confidence levels of women. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. She needs to take another official English test. B. Her IELTS is not recognized by graduate programs. C. She doesn’t know how to write personal statements. D. She can’t receive the recommendation letter on time. 18. A. To prepare for a TOEFL test. B. To work for a marketing company. C. To finish client reports for her internship. D. To balance her internship and applications. 19. A. Finalize her papers. B. Sign up for an IELTS test. C. Go on with the internship. D. Perfect her application materials. 20. A. She won’t have time to attend the TOEFL test. B. The documents and test scores may not arrive on time. C. Her IELTS score may not meet the minimum requirement. D. Her application for graduate programs may not be accepted. II. Vocabulary Section A (10*1 =10’) 选词填空 A. substantial B. application C. exclusive D. strove E. thrive F. stroke G. grave H. distress I. prescribes J. harvest K. treat 1. The international convention ________ clear standards that every nation must follow to protect vulnerable groups. 2. The Shaw Foundation aims to relieve poverty and ________ caused by severe natural disasters. 3. There are ________ differences between studying liberal arts and studying science. 4. Mother Teresa’s lifelong ________ to serving the underprivileged fundamentally contributed to her being awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. 5. Only by making constant efforts and believing in yourself can you reap a(n) ________ in the future. 6. The students ________ for perfection in the modeling competition and achieved outstanding results. 7. The couple took their child, who was just admitted to Qibao High School, to Disneyland as a special ________. 8. The coach has told The Times about the athlete’s winning the national competition in a(n) ________ interview. 9. The small island, which is surrounded by clear blue seas on all sides, sees its tourism ________. 10. At the press conference, the police expressed ________ concern about the missing child’s safety. 【答案】1. I 2. H 3. A 4. B 5. J 6. D 7. K 8. C 9. E 10. G 【解析】 【1题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：国际公约规定了各国必须遵守的明确标准，以保护弱势群体。 由“clear standards”可知，此处表示“规定标准”，空格处表示“规定”，是prescribe，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语The international convention是单数，因此空格处用第三人称单数。 【2题详解】 考查名词。句意：肖基金会致力于缓解因严重自然灾害造成的贫困与苦难。由“caused by severe natural disasters”可知，空格处表示“苦难”，是distress，是不可数名词。 【3题详解】 考查形容词。句意：文科学习与理科学习存在巨大差异。由“studying liberal arts and studying science”可知，空格处表示“巨大的”，是substantial。 【4题详解】 考查名词。句意：特蕾莎修女毕生投身帮扶贫苦民众的事业，这也是她斩获诺贝尔和平奖的根本原因。由“serving the underprivileged”可知，空格处表示“投身”，lifelong是形容词，修饰名词，application to表示“投身”，application是不可数名词。 【5题详解】 考查名词。句意：只有不断努力并相信自己，你才能在未来收获成果。由“Only by making constant efforts and believing in yourself can you reap”可知，空格处表示“成果”，是harvest，空前有a，空格处用单数。 【6题详解】 考查时态。句意：学生们在建模比赛中追求完美，取得了优异成绩。由“for perfection in the modeling competition”可知，此处表示“追求完美”，空格处表示“追求”，是strive，由achieved可知，时态是一般过去时，空格处用过去式。 【7题详解】 考查名词。句意：孩子刚考入七宝中学，夫妻俩带他去迪士尼乐园当作特殊奖励。由“who was just admitted to Qibao High School, to Disneyland”可知，此处表示“特殊奖励”，空格处表示“奖励”，是treat，空前有a，空格处用单数。 【8题详解】 考查形容词。句意：教练在接受《泰晤士报》独家采访时透露了该运动员赢得全国比赛的消息。由“interview”可知，此处表示“独家采访”，空格处表示“独家的”，是exclusive。 【9题详解】 考查不带to的不定式。句意：这座小岛四周环绕着清澈湛蓝的海水，旅游业蓬勃发展。由“The small island, which is surrounded by clear blue seas on all sides”可知，此处表示“旅游业蓬勃发展”，空格处表示“茁壮成长，兴旺”，是thrive，see sb. do sth.意为“看见某人做某事”，因此空格处用原形。 【10题详解】 考查形容词。句意：警方在新闻发布会上对失踪孩童的安危表示深切担忧。由“concern about the missing child’s safety”可知，此处表示“深切担忧”，空格处表示“深切的”，是grave。 Section B (10*1+10*1.5 =25’) (A) 选词填空 Is Exercise as Good as Antidepressants? A. blinded B. essential C. flaws D. interventions E. motivation F. pooled G. psychological H. reliability I. separate J. unwelcome K. vulnerable For those in depression, few things are more tiresome than being told to exercise. But ____11____ advice is not necessarily wrong. Study after study has found that exercise boosts mood and reduces anxiety. Two large analyses published earlier this year go further, suggesting that it works about as well as therapy or antidepressants. The first took the form of a Cochrane review – a well-regarded meta-analysis of health-care research. It ____12____ the results of 69 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) conducted to measure the effects of exercise on depression. The second paper was a so-called meta-meta-analysis. It drew on more than 1,000 trials involving nearly 80,000 participants. Both concluded that exercise reduces symptoms of depression and anxiety by roughly as much as conventional treatments. However, there are potential experimental errors. The ____13____ of meta-analyses mostly depends on the studies they include, and exercise trials are at high risk of bias. For one thing, participants cannot be blinded – they know if they are doing push-ups or not – which makes their self-reported mood ____14____ to any favourable expectations they might have. What’s more, the meta-meta-analysis did not include any studies that tested exercise against other ____15____. The findings from the exercise trials were, instead, compared against those from ____16____ trials of antidepressants or therapy. But unlike exercise studies, RCTs of antidepressants are typically well ____17____ and have strong placebo effects (安慰剂效应), making it harder for them to achieve similarly impressive results. Despite these ____18____, most researchers are still confident that exercise helps improve mood. Aerobic workouts seem to be particularly beneficial across the board. It appears to reduce inflammation and improve brain plasticity, as well as increasing the transmission of dopamine (多巴胺) in the brain. Dopamine helps weigh effort against reward, so increasing transmission may help reverse the loss of ____19____ associated with depression. There are also purely ____20____ benefits. Exercise can provide people with a sense of achievement, agency and eventually mastery, all of which are known to lift mood. However, why exercise works is far from clear. 【答案】11. J 12. F 13. H 14. K 15. D 16. I 17. A 18. C 19. E 20. G 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲的是运动对抑郁的效果可能与药物/心理治疗相当，但证据存在方法论缺陷，且机制尚不清楚。 【11题详解】 考查形容词。句意：但这种不受欢迎的建议并不一定就是错误的。由上文“For those in depression, few things are more tiresome than being told to exercise”可知，被要求锻炼对于有抑郁症的人来说是不受欢迎的建议，空格处意为“不受欢迎的”，是unwelcome。 【12题详解】 考查时态。句意：它汇总了69项随机对照试验（RCT）的结果，这些试验旨在评估运动对抑郁症的影响。由下文“the results of 69 randomized controlled trials”可知，此处表示“第一个分析汇总了69项随机对照试验（RCT）的结果”，空格处表达“集中”，是pool，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式。 【13题详解】 考查名词。句意：荟萃分析的可靠性主要取决于其所包含的研究，而锻炼试验则容易受到偏倚的影响。由下文“depends on the studies they include”可知，此处表示“可靠性”，是reliability，是不可数名词。 【14题详解】 考查形容词。句意：首先，参与者无法被“设盲”——他们知道自己是否在做俯卧撑——这使得他们自我报告的情绪容易受到自身有利预期的影响。由“self-reported mood”和“any favourable expectations”可知，此处表示“情绪容易受到自身有利预期的影响”，空格处表达“易受攻击的，易受伤害的”，是vulnerable。 【15题详解】 考查名词。句意：此外，该元分析并未纳入任何将运动与其他干预措施进行比较的研究。由“trials of antidepressants or therapy”可知，此处表示“干预措施”，空格处表达“干预”，是intervention，要用复数。 【16题详解】 考查形容词。句意：运动试验的结果是与抗抑郁药或心理治疗的单独试验结果相比较的。由“trials of antidepressants or therapy”可知，此处表示“单独试验结果”，空格处表达“单独的”，是separate。 【17题详解】 考查被动语态。句意：但与运动研究不同的是，抗抑郁药的随机对照试验通常具有良好的盲法设计，并且存在较强的安慰剂效应，这使得它们更难获得同样令人印象深刻的结果。由第三空后“exercise trials are at high risk of bias. For one thing, participants cannot be blinded”和前面的“unlike exercise studies”可知，此处表示“抗抑郁药的随机对照试验通常具有良好的盲法设计”，空格处表达“使变盲”，是blind，句子用被动语态，空格处用过去分词。 【18题详解】 考查名词。句意：尽管存在这些缺陷，大多数研究人员仍然相信运动有助于改善情绪。由上文“have strong placebo effects (安慰剂效应), making it harder for them to achieve similarly impressive results”可知，空格处表示“缺陷”，是flaw，由these可知，要用复数。 【19题详解】 考查名词。句意：多巴胺有助于在努力与奖励之间做出权衡，因此增加其释放可能有助于逆转抑郁症带来的动机丧失。由第一空的“For those in depression, few things are more tiresome than being told to exercise”可知，此处表示“动机丧失”，空格处表示“动机”，是motivation，此处是不可数名词。 【20题详解】 考查形容词。句意：此外，运动还具有纯粹的心理益处。由下文“Exercise can provide people with a sense of achievement, agency and eventually mastery, all of which are known to lift mood”可知，此处表示“心理益处”，空格处意为“心理的”，是psychological。 （B） 选词填空 Discovery of an Ancient Roman Mosaic A. particularly B. accessible C. ruins D. excavations E. senior F. official G. press H. imported I. features J. finds K. deliberately A beautiful, remarkably well-preserved mosaic that was “hidden for thousands of years” has been uncovered by archaeologists in northwestern England. The mosaic, which ____21____ fish and dolphins, was discovered in Wroxeter Roman City. As the fourth largest city in Roman Britain, almost as big as Pompeii during its heyday, its ____22____ now survive as an archaeological and educational site about 50 miles west of Birmingham. Still displaying its bright white, red, blue and yellow colors, the mosaic is the first to be discovered at Wroxeter since 1859, according to a(n) ____23____ release from Vianova Archaeology, which was involved in the dig. It was likely in the dining room of a wealthy person or city ____24____ used to “entertaining wealthy guests” who was “determined to impress people with this fine mosaic,” Win Scutt, ____25____ properties curator at English Heritage, which runs the site, told CNN. Scutt added that archaeologists can’t be completely sure of its function because they have only had a “glimpse” of it. A mosaic featuring six colors, requiring stones to be ____26____ from outside the local area, and one that depicts designs like this has never been found in Wroxeter before, said Roger White, an archaeologist at the University of Birmingham. Discovering such a mosaic, ____27____ one that dates back to the early 2nd century, was an unexpected boon for the archaeologists, who had initially expected only 4th-century ____28____. The mosaic likely survived for all this time because the room was filled in with building debris to raise up its interior, likely sometime in the 3rd or 4th century. This protective fill layer made the mosaic ____29____ without disturbing deeper historical remains. “Our ____30____ were in hope of discovering the walls of this building, but we never suspected we would find a beautiful and intact mosaic, which had lain hidden for thousands of years,” Scutt added. 【答案】21. I 22. C 23. G 24. F 25. E 26. H 27. A 28. J 29. B 30. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了考古学家在英国英格兰西北部发现的一幅保存完好、历史悠久的古罗马马赛克，描述了其特征、历史背景及发现过程。 【21题详解】 考查动词。句意：这幅描绘了鱼和海豚的马赛克是在罗马城市罗克斯特发现的。根据下文“fish and dolphins”可知，此处需要描述马赛克上绘制的内容，动词feature意为“以……为特色”，作定语从句中谓语动词，描述客观事实用一般现在时态，主语The mosaic为单数，用第三人称单数形式features。 【22题详解】 考查名词。句意：作为罗马时期不列颠的第四大城市，其鼎盛时期规模几乎与庞贝古城相当，它的遗迹如今作为考古和教育遗址，位于伯明翰以西约50英里处。根据下文“now survive as an archaeological and educational site”可知，此处指该城市留存下来的古迹废墟，名词ruins意为“遗迹、废墟”，作主语。 【23题详解】 考查名词。句意：据参与此次挖掘的Vianova Archaeology考古公司发布的新闻稿称，这幅依然展现出明亮白、红、蓝、黄色彩的马赛克镶嵌画，是自1859年以来在罗克斯特发现的首幅此类作品。根据“release from Vianova Archaeology”可知，此处指考古机构向媒体发布的官方新闻稿，名词“press release”为固定搭配，意为“新闻稿”。 【24题详解】 考查名词。句意：负责管理该遗址的英格兰遗产委员会高级文物管理员温·斯卡特告诉美国有线电视新闻网，这幅马赛克画很可能位于一位富人或有身份的城市官员的餐厅中，此人常“宴请富有的宾客”，并“决心用这幅精美的马赛克画给人们留下深刻印象”。此处需要与“wealthy person”并列，表示城市中的高级官员，名词official意为“官员”。 【25题详解】 考查形容词。句意：负责管理该遗址的英格兰遗产委员会高级文物管理员温·斯卡特告诉美国有线电视新闻网，这幅马赛克画很可能位于一位富人或有身份的城市官员的餐厅中，此人常“宴请富有的宾客”，并“决心用这幅精美的马赛克画给人们留下深刻印象”。根据下文“properties curator”可知，此处是描述其在机构中的职位等级，形容词senior意为“高级的”，作定语，常修饰职位头衔。 【26题详解】 考查动词。句意：伯明翰大学考古学家罗杰·怀特表示，一幅使用六种颜色（需要从外地进口石材）并描绘此类图案的马赛克镶嵌画，此前从未在罗克斯特发现过。根据上文“requiring stones to be”和下文“from outside the local area”可知，石材需要从外地引进，用动词import的过去分词imported构成不定式短语to be imported，作宾语补足语。 【27题详解】 考查副词。句意：对于考古学家来说，发现这样一幅马赛克画，尤其是可以追溯到公元2世纪初期的作品，是一个意想不到的收获。他们最初只期望发现4世纪的文物。根据上文“Discovering such a mosaic”和下文“one that dates back to the early 2nd century”可知，此处是对发现内容的进一步强调，用副词particularly作状语，意为“尤其是”。 【28题详解】 考查名词。句意：对于考古学家来说，发现这样一幅马赛克画，尤其是可以追溯到公元2世纪初期的作品，是一个意想不到的收获。他们最初只期望发现4世纪的文物。根据上文“expected only 4th-century”可知，此处指考古学家原本预期发现的文物或遗存，名词finds意为“发现物”，作宾语。 【29题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这种保护性的填充层使得马赛克在不扰动更深层历史遗迹的情况下能够被接触到。根据上文“made the mosaic”和下文“without disturbing deeper historical remains”可知，填充层的作用是让马赛克变得可被触及，形容词accessible意为“可接近的”，作牢记补足语。 【30题详解】 考查名词。句意：“我们的挖掘原本希望找到这座建筑的墙壁，但从没想过会发掘出一幅精美且完好无损的马赛克画，它已经隐藏了数千年，”斯卡特补充道。根据下文“were in hope of discovering the walls of this building”可知，此处指考古团队进行的挖掘工作，名词excavation意为“发掘”，作主语，结合谓语动词were可知，主语是复数形式。 III. Reading Comprehension Section A (15*1=15’) Not So Cold-Blooded The word reptilian (爬虫类的) doesn’t describe just lizards and snakes. When ____31____ humans, it means an unfriendly and unfeeling type of person. But scientists agree that reptiles aren’t emotionless. A growing body of studies are pushing back on the widely-accepted notion that reptiles only have the capability for ____32____ instincts, and not for emotional intelligence. While they may not be outwardly ____33____ in the same way that humans or other mammals are, reptiles are indeed highly social animals, and have developed complex ____34____ for parental care, courtship, and nesting. However, even as research on reptile ____35____ continues to build, the stereotypes around reptilian emotions have, to some extent, ____36____ to this day. This myth largely stems from the concept of the “lizard brain”. Popularized in the 1970s by astronomer and science communicator Carl Sagan, the term refers to the parts of the human brain that we use for survival nature. Based on this theory, the human brain evolved over time by adding progressively more ____37____ structures to this underdeveloped “lizard brain,” including the limbic (边缘的) system, which is the source of our emotions. Because reptiles are our evolutionary predecessors, some researchers long believed that this ____38____ part of the brain was the only part that originated with our scaly (有鳞片的) ancestors, and that without humanlike brain structures, reptiles didn’t have the capacity for emotions at all. Scientists say it may also partly because reptiles express their emotions differently than humans. In a 2021 study, researchers found that lizards emit chemicals to communicate with each other, meaning they’re much harder to ____39____ than their mammalian counterparts. Additionally, reptiles are relatively ____40____, which can make them hard to study. Some species of reptiles, ____41____, are known to disappear for months at a time, leading to difficulties in collecting data and kickstarting ____42____ efforts. In fact, more and more reptilian species are threatened by habitat loss and considered endangered, among which desert-dwelling reptiles are particularly vulnerable in the face of extreme ____43____. The long-established misconception, however, can lead to a lack of consciousness for reptiles’ needs in captivity (人工圈养) and in the wild. What worries scientists and conservationists most is that our tendency to dismiss reptiles isn’t just ____44____. For decades, instead, it has impacted the level of habitat protections they’re afforded. It is emphasized that ____45____ reptiles’ capacity for emotion can help pet owners and policymakers alike take better care of them. 31. A. applied to B. confined to C. compared to D. relevant to 32. A. intellectual B. functional C. social D. survival 33. A. attractive B. cooperative C. expressive D. impressive 34. A. ceremonies B. commands C. rituals D. rules 35. A. colonization B. domestication C. evolution D. socialization 36. A. changed B. disappeared C. emerged D. persisted 37. A. fundamental B. natural C. sophisticated D. flexible 38. A. central B. instinctual C. social D. traditional 39. A. approach B. capture C. read D. trust 40. A. aggressive B. indifferent C. secretive D. independent 41. A. as a result B. beyond expectation C. by contrast D. for example 42. A. communication B. conservation C. exploration D. evolution 43. A. concern B. drought C. isolation D. starvation 44. A. complicated B. harmful C. psychological D. temporary 45. A. establishing B. describing C. recognizing D. strengthening 【答案】31. A 32. D 33. C 34. C 35. D 36. D 37. C 38. B 39. C 40. C 41. D 42. B 43. B 44. C 45. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲的是科学研究正在推翻“爬行动物没有情感”这一刻板印象，但这一误解至今仍在影响对爬行动物的保护。 【31题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：当这个词被应用于人类时，它指的是一种不友好且冷酷无情的人。A. applied to应用于；B. confined to局限于；C. compared to与……相比；D. relevant to与……相关。根据上文“The word reptilian (爬虫类的) doesn’t describe just lizards and snakes”和下文“humans”可知，这个词也可以应用于人类的身上。 【32题详解】 考查形容词。句意：越来越多的研究正在推翻一个被广泛接受的观点，即爬行动物只具备生存本能的能力，而不具备情感智能。A. intellectual智力的；B. functional功能的；C. social社会的；D. survival赖以生存的，救生用的。根据后文“instincts”与“emotional intelligence”的对比可知，此处指的是“生存本能”。 【33题详解】 考查形容词。句意：尽管它们在表面上可能不像人类或其他哺乳动物那样表达情绪，但爬行动物确实是高度社会化的动物，并发展出了复杂的仪式来完成育儿、求偶和筑巢等行为。A. attractive有吸引力的；B. cooperative合作的；C. expressive善于表达的；D. impressive令人印象深刻的。根据前文说爬行动物并非没有感情，以及后文与哺乳动物的对比可知，此处指它们不像哺乳动物那样善于表达。 【34题详解】 考查名词。句意：尽管它们在表面上可能不像人类或其他哺乳动物那样表达情绪，但爬行动物确实是高度社会化的动物，并发展出了复杂的仪式来完成育儿、求偶和筑巢等行为。A. ceremonies典礼；B. commands命令；C. rituals仪式/固定行为；D. rules规则。根据下文“parental care, courtship, and nesting”可知，这些是动物在繁殖和养育中的固定行为模式，用“rituals”最为贴切。 【35题详解】 考查名词。句意：然而，尽管关于爬行动物社交行为的研究仍在不断增加，但关于爬行动物情感的刻板印象在某种程度上一直延续至今。A. colonization殖民；B. domestication驯化；C. evolution进化；D. socialization社交化。根据前文提到爬行动物是“highly social animals”，可知研究的是它们的社交行为。 【36题详解】 考查动词。句意：然而，尽管关于爬行动物社交行为的研究仍在不断增加，但关于爬行动物情感的刻板印象在某种程度上一直延续至今。A. changed改变；B. disappeared消失；C. emerged出现；D. persisted持续存在。根据下文“to this day”可知，这些刻板印象一直“持续”到今天。 【37题详解】 考查形容词。句意：根据这一理论，人类的大脑在进化过程中，逐步向这种尚未发育完善的“爬虫脑”添加越来越复杂的结构，其中包括边缘系统——即我们情绪的来源。A. fundamental基本的；B. natural自然的；C. sophisticated复杂精密的；D. flexible灵活的。根据上文“progressively more”和后文提到的“limbic system”等高级结构可知，是越来越“复杂精密”的结构。 【38题详解】 考查形容词。句意：由于爬行动物是我们的进化祖先，一些研究者长期以来认为，大脑中这一本能的部分是唯一源自我们鳞片状祖先的结构，如果没有类似人类的大脑结构，爬行动物就根本无法产生情感。A. central中心的；B. instinctual本能的；C. social社会的；D. traditional传统的。根据前文的“lizard brain”和“survival nature”可知，蜥蜴脑对应的是“本能的”部分。 【39题详解】 考查动词。句意：2021年的一项研究发现，蜥蜴会释放化学物质来相互交流，这意味着它们比哺乳动物更难被读懂。A. approach接近；B. capture捕捉；C. read读懂/理解；D. trust信任。根据前文“lizards emit chemicals to communicate”可知，它们用化学物质交流，所以比哺乳动物更难被“读懂/理解”。 【40题详解】 考查形容词。句意：此外，爬行动物相对隐秘，这使得它们很难被研究。A. aggressive好斗的；B. indifferent冷漠的；C. secretive隐秘的；D. independent独立的。根据后文“disappear for months at a time”可知，它们会消失数月，说明它们很“隐秘”，难以追踪研究。 【41题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：例如，某些爬行动物种类会连续数月消失，导致数据收集困难，并影响保护工作的开展。A. as a result因此；B. beyond expectation出乎意料；C. by contrast相比之下；D. for example例如。前文“make them hard to study”说爬行动物很难研究，后文举了一个具体例子来说明。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：例如，某些爬行动物种类会连续数月消失，导致数据收集困难，并影响保护工作的开展。A. communication交流；B. conservation保护；C. exploration探索；D. evolution进化。根据后文“more and more reptilian species are threatened by habitat loss”可知，此处指的是“保护”工作。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：事实上，越来越多的爬行动物物种正因栖息地丧失而面临威胁，并被列为濒危物种，其中生活在沙漠中的爬行动物在遭遇极端干旱时尤为脆弱。A. concern担忧；B. drought干旱；C. isolation隔离；D. starvation饥饿。根据上文“desert-dwelling”和“extreme”可知，沙漠中最极端的自然环境是干旱。 【44题详解】 考查形容词。句意：科学家和保护主义者最担心的是，我们忽视爬行动物的倾向不仅仅是心理上的。A. complicated复杂的；B. harmful有害的；C. psychological心理上的；D. temporary暂时的。根据后文“it has impacted the level of habitat protections”可知，这种忽视已经产生了实际影响，所以不仅仅是“心理上的”问题。 【45题详解】 考查动词。句意：强调指出，认识到爬行动物具备情感的能力，有助于宠物主人和政策制定者更好地照顾它们。A. establishing建立；B. describing描述；C. recognizing承认/认识到；D. strengthening加强。根据下文“reptiles’ capacity for emotion can help pet owners and policymakers alike take better care of them”及全文主旨是纠正人们对爬行动物没有情感的误解——可知此处强调“承认/认识到”它们有情感的能力。 Section B (15*2=30’) (A) Probably the number one complaint about reading Shakespeare is that it doesn’t always read like “normal” English. It’s a natural and reasonable accusation. Shakespeare wrote for an audience over 400 years ago. Think about how word meanings and expressions change over a relatively short time; four centuries bring with them a lot of differences. The Renaissance and England’s emerging status as a sea power exposed the language to an ever-increasing range of cultures and languages. At the same time, there was no real standardization in English. Formal dictionaries and grammar textbooks simply did not exist. “Proper” education focused much more on classical Latin than on oral English. Because of this neglect, English had a certain flexibility to it, of which Shakespeare took advantage. So how can a reader today bridge that gap between then and now? There are two critical issues to address: word usage and grammar. Once you understand these fundamental concepts, Shakespeare becomes a lot more accessible. First and foremost, there have been numerous vocabulary changes in English since Shakespeare was writing. While many words are still recognizable today, others have shifted in their meaning or dropped altogether from usage. Often the context in which a word is used will help you determine its meaning. Furthermore, a good book edition with detailed footnotes will help you, as well as a good dictionary. The more you read the works of Shakespeare, the more familiar you will become with the words. Another great way to get an understanding of the language is to watch his works in performance. A good actor can really make the language come to life by adding emotions into the lines he speaks. It is said that even in Shakespeare’s day, the audience probably wouldn’t have understood 10% more than you; they also relied on visuals and emotions to understand. Grammar is where the flexibility of Shakespeare’s English is often most apparent. Parts of speech are frequently switched, such as nouns or adjectives becoming verbs. Shakespeare habitually wrote sentences where verbs and subjects don’t always agree. Moreover, the sentence construction adds to confusion, with inversions of the basic subject-verb-object order. While we would say, “John caught the ball,” Shakespeare might express the same idea with sentences like “John the ball caught,” or “The ball John caught.” 46. Which of the following is NOT cited as a reason for the non-standardized nature of English in Shakespeare’s time? A. More educational focus on classical Latin. B. External cultural and linguistic influences on the language. C. Shakespeare’s tendency to take advantage of English flexibility. D. Lack of grammar textbooks and widely-recognized dictionaries. 47. Which of the following advice may help you with reading Shakespeare? A. Rely on your visuals and emotions while reading. B. Guess the meaning of some words out of the context. C. Buy a book edition without explanations and footnotes. D. Consult an authoritative dictionary for unfamiliar words. 48. Which of the following is NOT a typical example of Shakespeare’s flexible use of grammar? A. He childed as I fathered. B. I should be false persuaded. C. Love all, trust a few, and do wrong to none. D. Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines. 49. What is the primary purpose of the passage? A. To detail the historical events that influenced Shakespeare’s writing style. B. To compare the vocabulary of Elizabethan English with that of modern English. C. To explain the linguistic challenges in reading Shakespeare and suggest ways to overcome them. D. To emphasize the superiority of watching Shakespeare’s plays over reading them and popularize the performances. 【答案】46. C 47. D 48. C 49. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲的是阅读莎士比亚作品时遇到的语言障碍及其原因和应对方法。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“The Renaissance and England’s emerging status as a sea power exposed the language to an ever-increasing range of cultures and languages. At the same time, there was no real standardization in English. Formal dictionaries and grammar textbooks simply did not exist. “Proper” education focused much more on classical Latin than on oral English. Because of this neglect, English had a certain flexibility to it, of which Shakespeare took advantage.(文艺复兴运动以及英国作为海上强国的崛起，使英语接触到了日益广泛的文化和语言。与此同时，英语并没有真正实现标准化。正式的词典和语法教科书根本不存在。“正统”教育更侧重于古典拉丁语，而非英语口语。正是由于这种忽视，英语具有一定的灵活性，而莎士比亚充分利用了这一点。)”可知，莎士比亚利用英语的灵活性是英语已经不标准化后的结果，莎士比亚利用英语的灵活性是他个人的写作特点，不是英语不标准的原因。 【47题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Furthermore, a good book edition with detailed footnotes will help you, as well as a good dictionary.(此外，一本带有详细脚注的好版本会对你有所帮助，一本好词典也是如此。)”可知，查阅权威词典来理解生词有助于你阅读莎士比亚的作品。 【48题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Grammar is where the flexibility of Shakespeare’s English is often most apparent. Parts of speech are frequently switched, such as nouns or adjectives becoming verbs. Shakespeare habitually wrote sentences where verbs and subjects don’t always agree. Moreover, the sentence construction adds to confusion, with inversions of the basic subject-verb-object order.(语法是莎士比亚英语灵活性最明显的体现之处。词性经常被转换，比如名词或形容词被用作动词。莎士比亚习惯性地写出主谓不一致的句子。此外，句子结构也增加了理解难度，基本的主谓宾语序被颠倒。)”可知，C选项“Love all, trust a few, and do wrong to none.(爱所有人，信任少数人，不辜负任何人。)”是标准主谓句式，语序正常、无词性活用、无倒装，常规现代英语句式，不属于灵活语法。 【49题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Probably the number one complaint about reading Shakespeare is that it doesn’t always read like “normal” English. It’s a natural and reasonable accusation.(人们最常抱怨阅读莎士比亚的一点，就是他的作品并不总是像“普通”英语那样。这确实是一个自然且合理的指责。)”和第二段“So how can a reader today bridge that gap between then and now? There are two critical issues to address: word usage and grammar. Once you understand these fundamental concepts, Shakespeare becomes a lot more accessible.(那么，今天的读者该如何跨越过去与现在之间的鸿沟呢？需要解决两个关键问题：词汇用法和语法。一旦你理解了这些基本概念，莎士比亚就会变得容易得多。)”可知，本文主要讲的是阅读莎士比亚作品时遇到的语言障碍及其原因和应对方法，因此写这篇文章主要的目的是解释阅读莎士比亚时遇到的语言挑战，并建议克服这些挑战的方法。 (B) The best white noise machines for a good night’s sleep Sleep is crucial to health. But disruptive (扰乱的) noises can prevent you from falling asleep. White noise machines could help, according to one study. LectroFan Classic MASKS NOISE: LectroFan Classic helps block out disruptive environmental noises. It can help improve sleep, focus, privacy, and relaxation. 20 NON-REPEATING SOUNDS: A total of 20 unique non-repeating, digitally created sounds. 10 fan sounds & 10 white noise variations, including pink & brown noise. SAFE: Safe, solid-state design is powered by AC (交流电) or USB and dynamically creates unique, non-repeating sounds. VOLUME CONTROL: Precise volume control allows you to set the perfect level for your unique environment. Yogasleep Rohm+ EFFECTIVELY MASKS NOISE: The Rohm effectively cancels out noises that may disturb or distract you for improved sleep and concentration. GENTLE SOUNDS: 20 different sounds including music, nature, white, pink, and brown noise, as well as Bluetooth speaker features to allow you to play your own music or sounds and to make a conference call on the road when you need. CRUSH (压坏) RESISTANT: Stylish, crush-resistant travel case fits perfectly with Yogasleep Rohm white noise machines. BATTERY OPERATED: Rechargeable through USB. Hatch Rest+ BEST FOR BABIES: Sound machine — keep your little one dreaming with sounds like white noise, wind, and rain. Night light — make midnight feedings comforting and the dark less scary with a calming light. Time-to-Rise — set up this light and sound combination to let your early riser know when it’s time to rise. Built-in two-way sound monitor. POWERED BY: AC and rechargeable. Loftie Clock FAVORITE CLOCK: Loftie Clock uses sound and lights to help ease you into and out of sleep. GENTLY UNWIND: Enjoy over 100 free tracks, from breathwork and sound baths to all kinds of white noise and nature sounds. AI-GENERATED PERSONAL STORIES: Loftie’s Magic Story Maker AI has an upgraded feature that lets you create sleep stories with Typeform. It then uses ChatGPT and ElevenLabs AI to craft your story. Unlocking the Magic Story Maker AI requires an upgrade to a Loftie+ account in the app ($5 per month). POWERED BY: AC power 50. _____ is the most suitable for Joana, whose baby sleeps in her room. A. LectroFan Classic B. Yogasleep Rohm+ C. Hatch Rest+ D. Loftie Clock 51. If you want to buy a white noise machine for your friend Tim, who often travels on business, you need to pay _____. A. $34.95. B. $40.03. C. $159.99. D. $149.00. 52. What can be learned about the four white noise machines? A. The four of them can all produce white noise and nature sounds. B. One of them can help you create your own sleep stories for free. C. Two of them can be powered by both AC and rechargeable batteries. D. Two of them can not only help you fall asleep but also wake you up. 【答案】50. C 51. B 52. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几个最好的白噪音机，让你睡个好觉。 【50题详解】 细节理解题。根据Hatch Rest+中“BEST FOR BABIES: Sound machine — keep your little one dreaming with sounds like white noise, wind, and rain.(最适合宝宝：声音机——让你的宝宝在睡梦中听到白噪音、风声和雨声)”可知，Hatch Rest+最适合Joana，因为她的宝宝睡在她的房间里。故选C项。 【51题详解】 细节理解题。根据Yogasleep Rohm+中“GENTLE SOUNDS: 20 different sounds including music, nature, white, pink, and brown noise, as well as Bluetooth speaker features to allow you to play your own music or sounds and to make a conference call on the road when you need.(柔和的声音：20种不同的声音，包括音乐，自然，白色，粉红色和棕色的噪音，以及蓝牙扬声器功能，让你播放自己的音乐或声音，并在你需要的时候在路上召开电话会议)”可知，此款适合经常出差的朋友，以及其价格是$40.03。由此可知，如果你想给经常出差的朋友Tim买一台白噪音机，你需要支付40.03美元。故选B项。 【52题详解】 细节理解题。根据Hatch Rest+中“Time-to-Rise — set up this light and sound combination to let your early riser know when it’s time to rise.(起床时间——设置灯光和声音的组合，让早起的你知道什么时候该起床了)”以及Loftie Clock中“FAVORITE CLOCK: Loftie Clock uses sound and lights to help ease you into and out of sleep.(最喜欢的闹钟: Loftie Clock利用声音和灯光帮助你轻松入睡和入睡)”可知，关于这四种白噪音机器，我们可以了解到其中两种不仅可以帮助你入睡，还可以唤醒你。故选D项。 (C) We’ve put reacting on autopilot. We pounce, panic, and intensify distress rather than pause and regulate. A teenager plunges when a selfie doesn’t get enough likes; a parent assumes their career is at risk after one critical email. These quick outbursts reflect what I have termed an “overreaction epidemic”: small triggers snowball into outsize emotional responses. Predictably, the response to this idea has been extreme. After I wrote about this topic, thousands of people messaged me. Many accused me of being tone-deaf, arguing I was asking people to “calm down” while global tensions rise or climate disasters grow. “Imagine the layers of privilege it takes to deceive people into thinking they are overreacting,” one critic stated. Others pushed back in the opposite direction, insisting that given the state of the world, we are actually “underreacting”. All these perspectives hold truth. However, the solution to the overreaction epidemic is emotion regulation — a concept that is often misunderstood. Emotion regulation is a set of intentional skills for managing feelings wisely. At its core, it is about choosing responses that reflect our goals and values. Clearly, the word “overreaction” can be a trigger point. For many, it signals dismissal, as if I were saying “Your fear is invalid.” That is not my message. Fear, anger, and grief are appropriate responses to real crises. The problem arises when emotions run unchecked. We erupt in anger, drown in negative feeds until 2 a.m., or paralyze ourselves with despair. Over time, we burn out before we can meaningfully act. Many people hear “regulate” and think “contain”. They imagine some kind of emotion police telling us what we may not feel. But regulation isn’t about obedience; it’s about power. It is about deciding how to use our emotions so they fuel action rather than hijack it. Take anger, for example. Anger is not a problem to be eliminated; it is crucial data telling us our moral code is being violated. However, anger without direction is like a wildfire. It burns hot and fast, then leaves nothing but ashes. With emotion regulation, that same anger becomes a steady flame — a force that warms, guides, and endures. Civil rights leaders didn’t succeed because they lacked rage; they succeeded because they learned to channel it without being consumed. Furthermore, we almost never regulate alone. We shape one another’s states all day long, a process called co-regulation. Think of the teacher who calms a nervous child, or the friend who listens with empathy. These small acts are the fabric of resilience. Conversely, dismissing or escalating someone else’s feelings is also a form of co-regulation — just the unhealthy kind. Movements endure only when people create microclimates of safety and trust. We live in an era of rising uncertainty and mounting challenges. No one is suggesting we look away. But living in constant panic will not save us. Emotion regulation doesn’t tell us to ignore crises. It equips us to face them without losing ourselves — or one another — in the process. The world doesn’t need less passion. It needs passion that lasts. 53. Why did the author’s previous writing on the “overreaction epidemic” cause strong criticism from readers? A. Readers felt his advice was scientifically inaccurate and lacked evidence. B. Critics believed he was dismissing the justification of their reactions to real crises. C. People argued overreacting was the most effective way to solve social problems. D. He was accused of encouraging people to express their anger too aggressively. 54. What point does the author intend to make by comparing regulated anger to a “steady flame”? A. Anger is a destructive force that must be extinguished immediately. B. Stable expression of anger demands specialized techniques for communication. C. Regulated emotions provide a sustainable source of energy for long-term action. D. Civil rights leaders succeeded because they had less rage than people do today. 55. The concept of “co-regulation” refers to ________. A. a mutual process where individuals influence each other’s emotional states B. a technique used exclusively by teachers to calm nervous students C. the tendency of society to collectively ignore uncomfortable truths D. the individual’s capacity to manage emotions independently 56. The best title of the passage is ________. A. The Global Rise of Overreaction and Its Critics B. How Co-regulation Shapes Our Emotional Lives C. Controlling Emotions: A Misguided Approach to Crisis D. From Overreaction to Regulation: Mastering Emotional Responses 【答案】53. B 54. C 55. A 56. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。作者提出“过度反应流行病”现象并回应读者批评，阐释情绪调节并非压抑情绪而是理性利用，还介绍了相互影响的共同调节，指出其能让人理性面对危机，让热情更持久。 【53题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Many accused me of being tone-deaf, arguing I was asking people to “calm down” while global tensions rise or climate disasters grow. “Imagine the layers of privilege it takes to deceive people into thinking they are overreacting,” one critic stated.(许多人指责我缺乏共鸣，他们认为我要求人们“冷静下来”，而全球局势却在恶化，气候灾难也在增多。一位批评者表示：“想象一下，要欺骗人们相信他们过度反应是多么需要各种特权啊。”)”以及第四段中“Clearly, the word “overreaction” can be a trigger point. For many, it signals dismissal, as if I were saying “Your fear is invalid.”(显然，“过度反应”这个词可能会成为触发点。对许多人来说，它意味着否定和拒绝，仿佛是在说“你的恐惧是不合理的。”)”可推知，作者此前写“过度反应流行病”遭强烈批评，核心原因是读者认为作者的表述否定了他们对现实危机（全球紧张、气候灾难）产生情绪反应的合理性，觉得作者在无视他们的真实感受，认为其情绪是“无效的”。故选B项。 【54题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“With emotion regulation, that same anger becomes a steady flame — a force that warms, guides, and endures. Civil rights leaders didn’t succeed because they lacked rage; they succeeded because they learned to channel it without being consumed.( 通过情绪调控，同样的愤怒会变成稳定的火焰——一种能温暖、引导并持久存在的力量。民权领袖之所以成功，并不是因为他们缺乏愤怒；而是因为他们学会了如何不被愤怒吞噬地将其引导出来)”可推知，作者通过将受控制的愤怒比作“稳定的火焰”想要表达受控的情绪为长期行动提供了可持续的能量来源。故选C项。 【55题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Furthermore, we almost never regulate alone. We shape one another’s states all day long, a process called co-regulation. Think of the teacher who calms a nervous child, or the friend who listens with empathy. These small acts are the fabric of resilience. Conversely, dismissing or escalating someone else’s feelings is also a form of co-regulation — just the unhealthy kind.(此外，我们几乎从不独自进行调节。我们每天都在相互影响着彼此的状态，这个过程被称为共同调节。想想那位安抚紧张孩子的老师，或者那位能以同理心倾听的朋友。这些小小的举动构成了韧性的重要组成部分。相反，忽视或加剧他人的情绪也是一种形式的共同调节——只不过是一种不健康的调节方式)”可知，“共同调节”这一概念指的是一种个体间相互影响彼此情绪状态的过程。故选A项。 【56题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者提出“过度反应流行病” 现象并回应读者批评，阐释情绪调节并非压抑情绪而是理性利用，还介绍了相互影响的共同调节，指出其能让人理性面对危机，让热情更持久。核心主旨是从“过度反应”的问题出发，阐释“情绪调节”的真正含义、价值和形式，引导人们掌握情绪反应的方式。由此可知，这篇文章的最佳标题是“过度反应到调节：掌控情绪反应”。故选D项。 (D) The Modern Odyssey of Adulthood Recently, the term “Odyssey Years” has surged as a trending topic on Chinese social media. Coined by American columnist David Brooks, it describes the distinct transitional phase between adolescence and stable adulthood, typically spanning from one’s early twenties to the mid-thirties. In his work, Brooks notes that while life was once commonly seen in four stages—childhood, adolescence, adulthood and old age, it now unfolds in at least six—childhood, adolescence, odyssey, adulthood, active retirement and old age. _______57_______ The term draws directly on the metaphor of Homer’s ancient Greek epic, The Odyssey, which tells the story of Odysseus and his long, uncertain journey home after the Trojan War. His path was filled with unforeseen challenges, mythical monsters, and relentless temptations, which ultimately becomes a foundational narrative about adventure, perseverance, and finding one’s way back home. This intricate modern life stage is defined by several key features. First, as traditional milestones like marriage, home ownership, and settling down are increasingly delayed in modern life, it represents a prolonged exploration period. _______58_______ Like Odysseus sailing uncharted seas, this naturally leads to a widespread uncertainty and confusion among young adults in this phase. This fluid state also drives a deep search for identity exploration and reinvention. _______59_______ Sociologist Xiang Biao describes a part of this experience as a “floating” state—a life of constant motion that may lack deep reflection or lasting connection. _______60_______ Rather, it is increasingly understood as a necessary path to maturity, serving as a crucial time for self-evaluation and for laying a solid foundation for a stable and purposeful adult life. In this sense, the odyssey is not a detour from the destination, but an integral part of the journey itself—a modern coming-of-age ceremony where one’s own story of perseverance and discovery is composed. A. The least understood among these is the odyssey itself, the formative decade of wandering. B. People experiment with careers, values, and life directions, trying to build a stable sense of self. C. Of these, the most lasting is the odyssey, a critical period for one’s true independence and overall maturity. D. Yet, to view the Odyssey Years merely as a period of confusion or avoidance is to miss its deeper significance. E. The modern path from the end of education to a sense of true independence is becoming longer, less linear, and more loosely defined. F. Therefore, the concept of Odyssey Years perfectly echoes youngsters’ inner confusion, gaining widespread popularity among them. 【答案】57. A 58. E 59. B 60. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要围绕“奥德赛岁月（Odyssey Years）”展开介绍，讲解当代年轻人介于青春期与稳定成年之间的特殊漂泊过渡期。 【57题详解】 由空后“The term draws directly on the metaphor of Homer’s ancient Greek epic, The Odyssey, which tells the story of Odysseus and his long, uncertain journey home after the Trojan War.(这一术语直接借鉴了荷马古希腊史诗《奥德赛》的隐喻，讲述了奥德修斯在特洛伊战争后漫长而充满不确定性的归途故事。)”可知，空格处应该引出“奥德赛岁月”这一时期，A选项“The least understood among these is the odyssey itself, the formative decade of wandering.(在这些人生阶段里，奥德赛时期最不为人熟知，这是一段在漂泊中塑造自我的十年。)”引出了“奥德赛岁月”这一时期，其中的these指代的是前面的“six—childhood, adolescence, odyssey, adulthood, active retirement and old age”所说的六个时期，因此承上启下，符合语境。 【58题详解】 空前“First, as traditional milestones like marriage, home ownership, and settling down are increasingly delayed in modern life, it represents a prolonged exploration period.(首先，随着婚姻、购房和安家等传统人生里程碑在现代社会中日益推迟，这一阶段成为一段漫长的探索时期。)”说明这一阶段很长，E选项“The modern path from the end of education to a sense of true independence is becoming longer, less linear, and more loosely defined.(从教育结束到获得真正独立的现代路径，正变得越来越漫长、不那么线性，且定义也愈发模糊。 )”也说明了这个阶段长，承接上文，符合语境。 【59题详解】 空前“This fluid state also drives a deep search for identity exploration and reinvention.(这种流动的状态也促使人们深入探索身份认同并进行自我重塑。)”说明了这种状态促使人们深入探索身份认同并进行自我重塑，B选项“People experiment with careers, values, and life directions, trying to build a stable sense of self.(人们在此阶段尝试探索职业、价值观和人生方向，努力建立稳定的自我认同。)”具体说明人们如何探索身份认同，承接上文，符合语境。 【60题详解】 空后“Rather, it is increasingly understood as a necessary path to maturity, serving as a crucial time for self-evaluation and for laying a solid foundation for a stable and purposeful adult life.(相反，它正被越来越多地理解为走向成熟所必需的一段旅程，是自我反思的关键时期，也是为稳定而有意义的成年生活奠定坚实基础的重要阶段。)”说明了这一时期的积极的意义，D选项“Yet, to view the Odyssey Years merely as a period of confusion or avoidance is to miss its deeper significance.(然而，如果仅仅把奥德赛岁月视作一段迷茫、逃避现实的时期，那就忽视了它更深层次的意义。)”说明不应该把这一时期看成是迷茫、逃避现实的时期，并引出后文所说的深层次的意义，因此符合语境。 IV. Grammar (20*1=20’) (A) 语法填空 Celebrate Selfless Spirit Although May 24 was a working day, thousands of people wearing black went to the Mingyangshan Funeral Home in Hunan province for a funeral service at 10 am to present bouquets and bunches of rice plants to honor Yuan Longping, a top rice scientist, known ______61______ the “father of hybrid rice”. ______62______ (raise) in an era of war and famine, Yuan witnessed the despair of people who lost the land they lived on. Tough and exhausting ______63______ it would be, Yuan was determined to study agriculture when he applied for university. He said: “Having enough food was people’s utmost priority,” noted People’s Daily. To relieve the global suffering, Yuan began researching hybrid rice in 1964 and succeeded in cultivating the world’s first high-yielding hybrid rice strain in 1973, after ______64______ he significantly increased the China’s average output to 7.5 tons per hectare, while globally it was 4.61 tons. More importantly, he was selfless when it came to ______65______ (share) his research to benefit people globally. To date, his hybrid rice strain ______66______ (cultivate) in large areas of India, Bangladesh, Indonesia, Vietnam, the US and Brazil. Hybrid rice seeds are being planted on 4.5 million hectares of land in Asian rice-producing countries, excluding China. “Professor Yuan was incredibly humble, focusing only on hard work and results that could help alleviate poverty and lift people out of hunger ___67___ seeking fame or adulation,” Kenneth M. Quinn, president emeritus of the World Food Prize Foundation, told China Daily. Yuan could make such achievements partly ______68______ he believed in the power of science as a harvest multiplier, noted People’s Daily. Using research and trials at his national center, Yuan continued to produce increasingly higher-yielding super-hybrid plants, ______69______ panicles (稻穗) were so full of grain that they bent, _______70_______ there were a waterfall of rice throughout the field. To observe his plants closely, Yuan spent more time in a field than in an office, just as farmers did. Quinn said the scientist maintained a “down-to-earth” attitude. 【答案】61. as 62. Raised 63. as##though 64. which 65. sharing 66. has been cultivated 67. instead of##rather than 68. because 69. whose 70. as if##as though 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲的是“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平的生平事迹与贡献。 【61题详解】 考查介词。句意：尽管5月24日是工作日，仍有数千人身着黑衣前往湖南省明阳山殡仪馆，参加上午10点的追悼会，献上花束和稻穗，以缅怀被誉为“杂交水稻之父”的顶尖水稻科学家袁隆平。袁隆平被称为“杂交水稻之父”，be known as意为“被称为”，因此空格处用介词as。 【62题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：袁隆平成长于战乱与饥荒的年代，亲历了失去家园之人的绝望。句中谓语是witnessed，空格处用非谓语动词，Yuan和raise之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此用过去分词表被动，作状语，位于句首，首字母大写。 【63题详解】 考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管学农之路艰辛疲惫，他在报考大学时仍毅然决定学农业。此处表示“尽管学农之路艰辛疲惫”，空格处表达“尽管”，句子用了倒装句，因此用as/though。 【64题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：为了减轻全球饥苦，袁隆平于1964年开始研究杂交水稻，并于1973年成功培育出世界上第一个高产杂交水稻品种，此后他将中国的平均产量大幅提高到每公顷7.5吨，而全球的平均产量为4.61吨。空格处是“介词+which/whom”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词1973是一个时间，因此空格处用which。 【65题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：更为重要的是，他在分享科研成果以造福全球人民方面毫无私心。when it came to意为“当说到，当提及”，to是介词，空格处用动名词作宾语。 【66题详解】 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：迄今为止，他的杂交水稻品种已在印度、孟加拉国、印度尼西亚、越南、美国和巴西等国大面积推广种植。由To date可知，句子时态用现在完成时，水稻被种植，因此用现在完成时的被动语态，主语hybrid rice strain是单数名词，因此空格处是has been cultivated。 【67题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：“袁教授极为谦逊，他一心只关注踏实工作和能够帮助消除贫困、让人们摆脱饥饿的成果，从不追逐名利和追捧。”世界粮食奖基金会荣誉主席Kenneth M. Quinn在接受《中国日报》采访时说道。由“seeking fame or adulation”可知，此处表示“而不是”，用固定短语instead of/rather than。 【68题详解】 考查原因状语从句。句意：《人民日报》指出，袁隆平之所以能取得如此成就，部分原因在于他坚信科学是增产的倍增器。由he believed in the power of science as a harvest multiplier可知，空格处表示“因为”，用because引导原因状语从句。 【69题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：依托国家研究中心的科研与试验，袁隆平持续培育出产量不断攀升的超级杂交水稻。其稻穗颗粒饱满、沉沉低垂，仿佛田间处处流淌着稻谷的瀑布。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词plants和panicles之间是所属关系，因此用关系代词whose引导定语从句。 【70题详解】 考查方式状语从句。句意：依托国家研究中心的科研与试验，袁隆平持续培育出产量不断攀升的超级杂交水稻。其稻穗颗粒饱满、沉沉低垂，仿佛田间处处流淌着稻谷的瀑布。由there were a waterfall of rice throughout the field可知，空格处表达“仿佛”，是as if/as though，引导方式状语从句。 (B) 语法填空 Economic inequality adds more than 100,000 deaths to the vast toll from heat and cold in Europe each year, research has found. Cutting levels of inequality to match ____71____ of Europe’s most equal region, Slovenia, as measured by the Gini index, would reduce temperature-related mortality (死亡人数)____72____ up to 30%, equating to 109,866 people, the study found. The findings come after the EU’s Copernicus monitoring project ranked last month as the third-hottest April on record globally, with some countries such as Spain ____73____ (report) their hottest April on record. The return of the natural heating phenomenon El Niño—which may shape up to be unusually strong – has raised fears of a brutal European summer in 2026. The researchers found that high death tolls from heat and cold ____74____ (associate) with several indicators of hardship, such as poverty and the inability to heat a home. As well as lowering inequality within regions, cutting severe material and social deprivation across the continent to the level of central Switzerland, the least ____75____ (affect) region, would result in 59,000 fewer heat and cold deaths, according to the study. The research is the first ____76____ (quantify) the effect of socioeconomic troubles on the lives lost during Europe’s bone-chillingly cold winters and scorchingly hot summers. The researchers said it added weight to calls to target short-term relief to vulnerable groups and, in the longer-term, reduce structural inequality in Europe. “It’s a two for one,” said Blanca Paniello-Castillo, a biomedical scientist at the Barcelona Institute for Global Health and lead author of the study. “____77____ the equity perspective would be more included in policies — European, national, local, whatever — we would be hitting two goals at the same time.” Heat and cold stress the body, leaving it more subject to disease and ____78____ (able) to fight it off. Mortality rises sharply when temperatures deviate from ____79____ is assumed to be a comfortable range, particularly among people who are old or ill. The analysis, ____80____ looked at daily mortality data for 654 regions in Europe between 2000 and 2019, estimated “attributable deaths” by modelling the health burden if all regions had the best and worst values they found for each economic indicator. 【答案】71. that 72. by 73. reporting 74. were associated##are associated 75. affected 76. to quantify 77. If 78. less able 79. what 80. which 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲的是经济不平等加剧了欧洲因高温和低温造成的死亡，减少不平等可以显著降低温度相关的死亡率。 【71题详解】 考查代词。句意：研究发现，若将不平等水平降低至欧洲最平等地区——斯洛文尼亚的水平（以基尼系数衡量），与温度相关的死亡人数将下降多达30%，相当于109,866人。空格处用that指代前面提到的the level of inequality，这里that表示单数概念。 【72题详解】 考查介词。句意：研究发现，若将不平等水平降低至欧洲最平等地区——斯洛文尼亚的水平（以基尼系数衡量），与温度相关的死亡人数将下降多达30%，相当于109,866人。up to 30%是一个下降的程度，因此用介词by表程度。 【73题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：此项发现发布之前，欧盟哥白尼监测项目上月将刚刚过去的4月列为全球有记录以来第三热的4月，西班牙等国更是报告了有史以来最热的4月。此处是with复合结构，some countries such as Spain和report之间是主谓关系，因此用现在分词表主动，作宾语补足语。 【74题详解】 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：研究人员发现，高温和低温造成的高死亡人数与多种困境指标相关，例如贫困和无力为家庭供暖。be associated with是固定短语，意为“和……有关”，句子可以指客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语death tolls是复数，因此空格处用are associated；也可根据found用一般过去时，主语death tolls是复数，因此空格处用were associated。 【75题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：研究还指出，除了降低各地区内部的不平等外，若将整个欧洲大陆的严重物质匮乏和社会剥夺水平降至受影响最小的地区——瑞士中部的水平，将可减少59,000例因高温和低温导致的死亡。region和affect之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此用过去分词表被动，作定语。 【76题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这项研究首次量化了社会经济困境对欧洲刺骨寒冬和酷热夏天中丧失生命的影响。the first是序数词，用不定式作后置定语。 【77题详解】 考查条件状语从句。句意：如果公平视角能更多地纳入政策——无论是欧洲层面、国家层面还是地方层面——我们就能同时实现两个目标。由the equity perspective would be more included in policies — European, national, local, whatever可知，空格处表示“如果”，用if引导条件状语从句，位于句首，首字母大写。 【78题详解】 考查比较级。句意：高温和低温会对人体造成压力，使人更易患病，且更难抵御疾病。由more subject to disease可知，空格处表示“更难抵御疾病”，“更难的”是less able。 【79题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：当气温偏离舒适范围时，死亡率会急剧上升，尤其是在老年人和体弱者中。空格处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，此处表示“被认为是在舒适范围的气温”，因此用what引导宾语从句。 【80题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：该分析考察了2000年至2019年间欧洲654个地区的每日死亡数据，通过模拟假设所有地区在各项经济指标上都达到最优和最差值时的健康负担，估算出了“可归因死亡人数”。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词The analysis指物，因此用关系代词which引导定语从句。 V. Translation (4*5=20’) 81. 这位年轻的钢琴家突然意识到，名利并不是他想追求的。（dawn）(汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It (suddenly) dawned on the young pianist that fame and fortune/wealth were not what he wanted to pursue./fame and fortune were not his pursuit. 【解析】 【详解】“突然意识到”可翻译为固定句型It (suddenly) dawned/dawns on sb that...，其中it作形式主语，that引导的从句为真正的主语。本句话陈述过去的事实，所以用一般过去时。“这位年轻的钢琴家”可翻译为the young pianist，作dawned on的宾语；从句使用主系表结构，“名利”可翻译为fame and fortune，作从句主语；因主语从句描述的是过去发生的心理活动，从句谓语用一般过去时。主语为复数，所以be动词用were，“并不是他想追求的”可翻译为were not what he wanted to pursue，其中what引导表语从句，what在从句中作pursue的宾语。“名利并不是他想追求的”也可以翻译为“fame and fortune were not his pursuit.”，此处使用名词pursuit作表语，表示“追求”。 82. 正是压力和疾病提醒着我们：好好休息是快节奏生活的解药。(cure，强调句型)(汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It is stress and illnesses/diseases that remind us that proper/good rest is the cure for a/the fast‑paced life. 【解析】 【详解】“正是压力和疾病提醒着我们……”可处理为强调句型“It is+被强调部分+that+其余部分”；被强调部分“压力和疾病”是原主语，可译为stress and illnesses/diseases，句子其它部分由that引导；谓语“提醒”用动词remind，描述客观事实，用一般现在时态，主语是复数，谓语动词用复数形式；宾语“我们”用宾格代词us；“好好休息是快节奏生活的解药”作直接宾语，可处理为连词that引导的宾语从句，从句主语“好好休息”译为proper/good rest，谓语“是”用连系动词is，表语“快节奏生活的解药”译为a/the fast-paced life。 83. 我坚信，呈现时代新风貌、肩负社会责任，是青少年的一份荣幸。(convince)(汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I am convinced that it is an honor for teenagers to take on a new look of the time/era/age and shoulder social responsibilities. 【解析】 【详解】“我坚信”可译为固定句型I am convinced that…，其中that引导宾语从句；从句中“……是……的一份荣幸”可译为固定句型it is an honor for sb. to do sth.，其中it是形式主语，动词不定式短语是真正的主语，介词for后宾语“青少年”译为teenagers，主语“呈现时代新风貌、肩负社会责任”译为take on a new look of the time/era/age and shoulder social responsibilities，用不定式形式。 84. 凭借坚持不懈的努力和乐观的态度，这位老师致力于将山区的孩子送入大学。（apply）(汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】With persistent efforts and an optimistic attitude, this teacher applied/applies/has applied herself to sending children in mountainous/mountain areas to universities. 【解析】 【详解】表示“凭借坚持不懈的努力和乐观的态度”译为with persistent efforts and an optimistic attitude，介词短语作状语；表示“这位老师”译为this teacher，作主语；表示“致力于做某事”译为apply oneself to doing sth.；表示“将山区的孩子送入大学”译为动名词短语sending children in mountainous/mountain areas to universities。此处可用一般现在时，表示陈述事实；或用一般过去时表示动作发生在过去；或用现在完成时表示过去的动作对现在的影响。 85. 过去的几十年见证了温室气体排放的下降趋势，鼓励全世界人民继续推进绿色发展。(trend)(汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The past (few) decades have witnessed a downward trend in greenhouse gas emission(s)/release, encouraging people worldwide/all over the world/people across the globe to continue/keep furthering/promoting green development. 【解析】 【详解】“过去的几十年”是主语，可译为the past (few) decades，是复数；“见证了”是谓语，用witness这一拟人化动词，强调过去的事情造成的影响，用现完成时态have witnessed；“温室气体排放的下降趋势”是宾语，核心名词为“下降趋势”，用a downward trend，后接介词短语in greenhouse gas emission(s)/release作定语；“鼓励全世界人民继续推进绿色发展”是结果状语，“鼓励”用动词encourage，与前面所陈述事实之间是主动关系，用现在分词encouraging，“全世界人民”作宾语，可译为people worldwide/all over the world/people across the globe。“继续推进绿色发展”作宾补，可译为 to continue/keep furthering/promoting green development。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $