Unit 4知识清单 2025-2026学年外研版八年级英语下册

该初中英语单元复习讲义通过表格系统梳理单词词形转换，用思维导图分类呈现核心短语，以框架图整合语法（情态动词must, may, can表帮助意愿）与课文佳句，构建“词汇-短语-语法-语用”的递进知识体系，突出单元“Helping Out”主题下语言知识的内在联系。 讲义亮点在于“主题语境下的语言运用”练习设计，如结合“raise money”“give a hand”等短语设计情态动词填空（例：We must lend a hand to those in need），培养语言能力与思维品质。课文佳句“A kindness is never wasted”引导文化意识，每个模块配易错提示，基础生掌握方法，优生拓展运用，助力教师实施精准分层教学。

UNIT 4 HELPING OUT · 单词词转 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 01. virus n. 病毒 →viral adj. 病毒的 02. afford v. 买得起 →affordable adj. 负担得起的 →unaffordable adj. 负担不起的 03. disappointment n. 失望，扫兴，沮丧 →disappoint v. 使失望 →disappointed adj. 感到失望的 →disappointing adj. 令人失望的 04. treatment n. 治疗；诊治；疗法 →treat v. 治疗；对待 n. 款待；乐趣 →treated adj. 受过治疗的 05. illness n. 病，疾病；患病状态 →ill adj. 生病的 06. public adj. 公开的 →publicly adv. 公开地 07. mention v. 提到，说起，谈到 →mentioned adj. 被提及的 08. directly adv. 坦率地（直接了当地） →indirectly adv. 不坦率地；间接地 →direct adj. 直接的 v. 指导；指引 →direction n. 方向；指导 →director n. 负责人；导演 09. solution n. 解决办法 →solve v. 解决 010. exam n. 考试 →examine v. 考试；检查 011. homeless adj. 无家可归的 →home n. 家 012. donate v. 捐赠，捐献 →donation n. 捐赠物；捐款 →donor n. 捐赠人 013. graduate v. 毕业 n. 毕业生 adj. 研究生的 →graduation n. 毕业 014. warmth n. 温暖 →warm adj. 温暖的 v. 变暖 →warmly adv. 温暖地；热情地 015. means n. 手段；方法；工具 →mean v. 意思是；意味着 adj. 吝啬的 →meaning n. 含义；意思 →meaningful adj. 有意义的 →meaningless adj. 无意义的 016. lucky adj. 幸运的 →unlucky adj. 不幸的 →luckily adv. 幸运地 →unluckily adv. 不幸地 →luck n. 运气 017. excuse v. 原谅 52 018. excuse me 劳驾（用于礼貌地引起他人注意，尤其是发问时）52 019. purple adj. 紫色的 52 020. crayon n. 彩色蜡笔 52 021. sunshine n. 阳光 52 022. X-ray n. X光检查 53 023. pocket n. 衣袋，口袋 53 024. pocket money 零花钱 53 025. wheelchair n. 轮椅 53 026. go public 公开，公之于众 53 027. bottle n. 瓶子 55 028. a bottle of 一瓶 55 029. dialogue n. 对话 55 030. flu n. 流行性感冒，流感 55 031. goodwill n. 好意，亲善，友善 61 032. soldier n. 士兵，军人 60 033. fireman n. 消防队员 60 034. against prep. 和……对抗 60 035. college n. 大学；学院 60 036. by no means 绝不，一点儿都不 61 · 背记短语 01. in society 在社会中 02. the meaning of ……的含义 03. lend a (helping) hand 伸出援手；帮忙 04. the rainbow in another’s cloud 他人困境中的一抹希望（雪中送炭） 05. the other way around 恰恰相反；反过来 06. plan a day of help 筹划一天的帮扶活动 07. the willingness to help 乐于助人的意愿 08. the value of ……的价值 09. agree with 同意；赞同（观点、看法） 010. no limit to (doing) sth （做）某事没有限制 011. excuse me 劳驾；打扰一下 012. a waiting room 候诊室；等候室 013. provide sth for sb=provide sb with sth/ offer sth to sb =offer sb sth 为某人提供某物 014. colouring book 涂色书 015. throw away 扔掉 016. afford sth for sb 为某人负担某物费用 017. be born with 天生患有；与生俱来 018. make many hospital visits 多次去医院看病、住院 019. a lot of the time 大多数时候 020. in great pain 处于剧痛中 021. get through 熬过；渡过 022. plan to do sth 计划做某事 023. pocket money 零花钱 024. because of 因为 025. give up 放弃 026. with the help of 在……的帮助下 027. raise money 筹款；募捐 028. go public 公开；公之于众 029. so far 迄今为止 030. add…to… 把……添加到…… 031. be filled with 充满；装满 032. out of the blue 突如其来；出乎意料 033. a bottle of 一瓶…… 034. give sb a hand 帮某人忙 035. have the flu 得了流感 036. share…with… 和……分享…… 037. such as 例如；比如 038. close friends 挚友；密友 039. in danger 处于危险中 040. not only 不仅 041. in need of 需要；急需 042. call for 需要；呼吁 043. increase by 60% 增长了60% 044. donate money 捐款 045. make a big difference 产生重大影响；意义非凡 046. aim to do sth 旨在、打算做某事 047. prepare…for… 为……准备…… 048. give sb a chance to do sth 给某人做某事的机会 049. take care of 照顾；照料 050. be thrown to 被摔到…… 051. jump to my feet 猛地站起身 052. be reduced to pieces 沦为碎片、废墟 053. all over 遍及；浑身 054. with fear 恐惧地 055. reach out to 伸手伸向；援助 056. day and night 日日夜夜 057. race against time 与时间赛跑；争分夺秒 058. as…as possible 尽可能…… 059. be deeply touched by 被……深深打动 060. make up one’s mind to do sth=decide to do sth 下定决心做某事 061. graduate from 从……毕业 062. right away 立刻；马上 063. sign up 报名；登记 064. by no means 绝不；一点儿都不 065. head nurse 护士长 066. At that time 在那时 067. lead to 导致；促成 068. a circle of goodwill 善意的循环 069. to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是 070. a cause-and-effect relationship 因果关系 071. carry out 执行；开展 072. pass on 传递；传承 · 课文佳句 01. Man’s life is limited, but there is no limit to serving the people. 人的生命是有限的，可是为人民服务是无限的。 02. We must learn that there is nothing greater than to do something for others. 我们要明白，没有什么比为他人做事更有意义。 03. A kindness is never wasted. 善意从不会白费。 04. I’m afraid you’ll have to draw a grey butterfly. 恐怕你得画一只灰色的蝴蝶了。 05. Well, crayons may carry viruses and spread diseases. 嗯，蜡笔可能携带病毒，从而传播疾病。 06. It just couldn’t afford new crayons for every child. 医院实在难以负担得起给每个孩子购置新蜡笔。 07. Leah was born with a serious disease, and she made many hospital visits. Leah天生身患重病，多次往返医院就诊。 08. “A lot of the time she’s in great pain,” her mum said. “But colouring has helped her get through it.” “大部分时候她都剧痛难忍，”她妈妈说。“但涂色帮她熬过了。” 09. Leah didn’t want other young patients to feel her disappointment. Leah不想让其他小病友体会到和她一样的失落。 010. It can be boring to wait for X-rays and treatments. 等待X光检查和治疗的过程可能会很无聊。 011. There must be something for me to do. 肯定有事可供我去做。 012. Leah planned to buy 500 boxes of crayons for the hospital. Leah计划为医院购买500盒蜡笔。 013. Because of her illness, she couldn’t do chores for money, either. 因为生病，她也不能通过做家务赚钱。 014. It might sound impossible, but Leah didn’t give up. 这也许听起来不可能，但Leah并没有放弃。 015. With the help of her family and friends, she held many activities to raise money. 在家人和朋友的帮助下，她举办了许多活动来筹集资金。 016. Word spread fast, and Leah’s story went public. 消息很快传开，Leah的故事也公之于众。 017. So far, she has collected 2,675 boxes. 到目前为止，她已经收集了2675盒蜡笔。 018. The waiting rooms are now filled with happier kids and brighter pictures! 等候室里现在满是更快乐的孩子和更欢快的画面！ 019. It gives people a chance to take care of them. 这给了人们照料他们的机会。 020. Suddenly, the ground shook hard and I was thrown to the floor. 突然，地面剧烈摇晃，我被甩到了地上。 021. I was shocked to find all the other buildings were reduced to pieces. 我震惊地发现，其他所有建筑都夷为废墟。 022. I was shaking all over with fear. 我吓得浑身发抖。 023. Then, a pair of strong hands reached out to me—I was saved. 然后，一双强壮的手向我伸了过来——我得救了。 024. Day and night, they raced against time to save as many people as possible. 他们日夜兼程，争分夺秒，尽可能多地挽救生命。 025. I was deeply touched by their courage and hard work. So I made up my mind to become one of them. 我被他们的勇气和辛勤付出深深打动。因此，我决定成为他们中的一员。 026. It was time for me to offer mine. 到我伸出援手的时候了。 027. The work is by no means easy. 这份工作绝不轻松。 028. She had offered a helping hand to Wenchuan 12 years ago. 12年前，她曾向汶川伸出援手。 029. Even today, I still feel lucky to have had such an amazing experience in life. 即使在今天，我仍然为自己在生活中拥有过如此美妙的经历而感到幸运。 030. Love leads to love, and so creates a circle of goodwill and kindness. 爱生爱，如此循环，形成善意与仁慈的循环。 · Grammar: modals (2)：use must, may and can to express the willingness to help. $