2025-2026学年八年级英语第二学期期末模拟卷（基础卷，北京专用）-（外研版）

**基本信息** 以基础巩固为核心，融合时代情境与文化传承，通过语法应用、语篇理解及综合表达，协同提升语言能力与思维品质，适配八年级期末学情。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单项填空|12题/6分|被动语态、情态动词、宾语从句等语法点|聚焦基础语法，如第1-3题集中考查被动语态不同时态| |完形填空|8题/8分|动词短语、上下文语境理解|以动物救助为情境，如第17题考查"take care of"固定搭配| |阅读理解|13题/26分|细节查找、推理判断、主旨归纳|融入黄旭华事迹（文化传承）、青少年自我同情研究（社会热点），如24题考查人物称号推断| |阅读表达|4题/10分|信息提取与整合|以中国瀑布为素材，如37题要求分析庐山瀑布闻名原因| |文段表达|1题/10分|话题写作与语言组织|提供屠呦呦事迹及自然奇观选题，如38题需结合"付出-收获"逻辑展开|

2026年第二学期八年级英语期末模拟卷 （基础卷，北京专用） 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 第一部分 本部分共33题，共40分。在每题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项。 一、单项填空（每题0.5分，共6分） 从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1．If you ________ something, you should say “Thank you”. A．give B．will give C．are given D．was given 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如果你被给予某样东西，你应该说“谢谢”。 主语you与动词give之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；if引导的条件状语从句中，主句含情态动词should，从句用一般现在时，因此用一般现在时被动语态are given。 2．A new science lab ________ in our school next year. A．builds B．built C．was built D．will be built 【答案】D 【详解】句意：明年一个新的科学实验室将在我们学校被建造。 根据时间状语“next year”可知，句子时态为一般将来时；主语A new science lab与动词build之间是被动关系，需用被动语态；一般将来时的被动语态结构为will be done。 3．选择正确的答案。 The old cinema in our town ________ into a new library last month. Now we can read books there. A．is turned B．was turned C．turns D．turned 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们镇上的老电影院上个月被改造成了新图书馆，现在我们可以在那里看书了。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。last month是过去时间标志；cinema与turn into是被动关系，用was+过去分词。A“is turned”是一般现在时被动语态；C、D是主动语态，均排除。故选B。 4．—Can you come to my birthday party tomorrow, Robert? —________. I have lots of homework to do. A．Yes, I can B．I’m afraid not C．Sounds good D．Of course 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——罗伯特，明天你能来参加我的生日聚会吗？——恐怕不行。我有很多作业要做。 Yes, I can是的，我能；I’m afraid not恐怕不行；Sounds good听起来不错；Of course当然。根据“I have lots of homework to do.”可知，因为有很多作业要做，所以不能去参加生日聚会，应填I’m afraid not。 5．You ________ eat fast food every day, son. It’s not good for you. A．should B．shouldn’t C．may not D．may 【答案】B 【详解】句意：儿子，你不应该每天吃快餐。这对你不好。 should应该；shouldn’t不应该；may not可能不；may可能。根据后句“It’s not good for you.”可知，每天吃快餐对身体不好，此处表示建议不应该这样做。 6．—How to build a great team? —________ more and help each other. A．Communicate B．Communicating C．To communicate D．Communicates 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——如何建立一个优秀的团队？——多沟通，并且互相帮助。 根据问句可知，答句是针对建立团队的方法提出建议。在英语中，表示建议或指令时常使用祈使句，祈使句以动词原形开头；且空后连词“and”连接了动词原形“help”，根据并列结构前后一致原则，空格处也应填动词原形。 7．My brother never helps out with housework; he always ________ his parents to do everything for him. A．depends on B．works on C．puts on D．turns on 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我哥哥从不帮忙做家务，他总是依赖他的父母为他做一切事情。 depends on依靠；works on致力于；puts on穿上；turns on打开。根据“never helps out with housework”可知，他不做家务，推测出他依靠父母，depends on符合语境。 8．— Could you spare a few minutes to explain this math problem to me? I know you’re busy. —________. I’m always glad to help you with your studies. A．My pleasure B．It’s my pleasure C．With pleasure D．No pleasure 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你能抽出几分钟给我解释一下这道数学题吗？我知道你很忙。——很乐意。我总是很乐意帮助你学习。 问句是请求帮助，回答表示答应。With pleasure用于愉快地答应别人的请求；My pleasure和It’s my pleasure通常用于回答别人的感谢。根据语境是请求帮助而非感谢，故排除 A、B。D 项不符合礼貌用语习惯。应填With pleasure。 9．It remains unknown ________ we will take the graduation trip to the mountain or the seaside after the entrance exam. A．whether B．that C．how D．if 【答案】A 【详解】句意：升学考试过后我们的毕业旅行是去山里还是去海边，这件事尚且未知。 whether是否；that无实义；how如何；if是否。根据句中“or（或者）”可知此处表二选一的疑问，whether“是否”可搭配or连用。if虽意为“是否”，但其不能用于it作形式主语的从句中搭配or。 10．Could you inform me ________ you will take the online mock exam or the offline one this weekend or not? A．whether B．that C．where D．if 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你能告诉我这个周末你是否要参加线上模拟考试还是线下考试，或者不参加吗？ whether是否；that无实义，引导陈述类宾语从句；where哪里，在从句中充当地点状语；if是否，不能与or not连用。空格之后为inform的宾语从句，根据标志短语“or not”的固定搭配规则，只能用whether构成whether...or not结构。 11．During the day, when she saw him ________ some leaves with his trunk (象鼻) and put them into his mouth, she was pleased. A．pick up B．take up C．give up D．set up 【答案】A 【详解】句意：白天，当她看见他用象鼻卷起一些叶子并放进嘴里时，她很开心。 pick up捡起；take up开始从事、占据；give up放弃；set up建立。根据语境“用象鼻……叶子并放入口中”可知，应填pick up。 12．He said he ________ his grandparents in the countryside the coming winter holiday. A．visits B．visited C．will visit D．would visit 【答案】D 【详解】句意：他说他在即将到来的寒假会去乡下看望他的祖父母。 本题考查宾语从句的时态。主句“He said”为一般过去时，从句的时态应与主句保持一致，故排除A（一般现在时）和C（一般将来时）。从句中的时间状语“the coming winter holiday”表示将来时间，在间接引语中需用过去将来时，即“would + 动词原形”。B项visited为一般过去时，表示过去发生的动作，与“将来的寒假”矛盾。故填would visit。 二、完形填空（每题1分，共8分） 阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 Every year, many homeless animals need our help. The local animal hospital is always 13 for more help. They don’t have enough workers, food or medicine. Last month, my class decided to help the hospital. We made 14 and put them up around the school. We asked students and teachers to 15 money, food and old things. We also held a book sale in our school. Many students bought books, and we 16 a lot of money. Last weekend, we went to the hospital. We helped 17 care of the sick animals. We fed them, cleaned their rooms and played with them. The workers in the hospital were very 18 to us. They said our help made a big 19 . Animals are our friends. We should do our best to help them. If everyone does a little, we can 20 a difference to the animals’ lives. 13．A．asking B．calling C．looking D．waiting 14．A．books B．posters C．letters D．notes 15．A．borrow B．donate C．sell D．buy 16．A．raised B．got C．made D．took 17．A．take B．make C．give D．do 18．A．angry B．kind C．thankful D．helpful 19．A．difference B．trouble C．mistake D．progress 20．A．do B．make C．get D．take 【答案】13．A 14．B 15．B 16．A 17．A 18．C 19．A 20．B 【导语】本文讲述了作者班级为当地动物救助医院提供帮助的故事。 13．句意：当地的动物医院总是在寻求更多的帮助。 固定搭配ask for意为“请求、寻求”，符合“医院寻求帮助”的语境。call for、look for、wait for均不符合语义。 14．句意：我们制作了海报，把它们张贴在学校各处。 根据后文“put them up around the school”，可知制作的是posters，用于宣传募捐。books、letters、notes均不符合“张贴宣传”的场景。 15．句意：我们请学生和老师捐赠钱、食物和旧物品。 上下文是为动物医院募捐，因此是donate物资。borrow、sell、buy均不符合“募捐”的语境。 16．句意：很多学生买了书，我们筹到了很多钱。 义卖活动的目的是raise money，raise是“筹集”的意思，符合语境。get、make、take均不如raise贴合“公益筹款”的表达。 17．句意：我们帮忙照顾生病的动物。 固定搭配take care of意为“照顾、照料”，是固定短语，符合“照顾动物”的语境。make/give/do均无法构成该固定搭配。 18．句意：医院的工作人员对我们非常感激。 我们为医院提供了帮助，因此工作人员是thankful。angry、kind、helpful均不符合“接受帮助后的态度”。 19．句意：他们说我们的帮助带来了很大的改变。 固定搭配make a big difference意为“产生很大影响、带来很大改变”，符合语境。trouble、mistake、progress均无法构成该固定搭配。 20．句意：如果每个人都出一点力，我们就能对动物的生活产生影响。 固定搭配make a difference意为“有影响、起作用”，是固定短语，符合语境。do/get/take均无法构成该固定搭配。 三、阅读理解（每题2分，共26分） （一） A 下面的材料介绍了三位同学对未来职业的憧憬，请根据小题中描述的情况选择对应的职业图片，将图片序号A、B、C、D填在相应的题号前。 21 Li Shanlin I want to introduce the beautiful views of China to people around the world with VR so that they don’t need to travel far away to enjoy them. I hope to let everyone see how amazing our country is. I’ll learn VR skills and practice speaking well. 22 Zhang Baige I want to design stories for AI plays. I’ll create interesting plots and lovely characters. I love writing and making people happy. I’ll read more books, practice writing and learn basic AI knowledge. 23 Wang Qin I want to make nice clothes for people. I’ll sew different clothes with good materials and beautiful colors. I love to see people wear fashionable dresses. I’ll learn sewing skills and practice making clothes every day. A．     B．     C．     D． 【答案】21．C 22．D 23．B 【导语】本文是一篇配对阅读，三位同学分别介绍了自己对未来职业的憧憬：李山林想用VR技术向世界展示中国美景；张百歌想为AI戏剧设计故事；王琴想为人们制作漂亮的衣服。 【详解】21．第一段中提到“I want to introduce the beautiful views of China to people around the world with VR”，这说明李山林希望从事与VR技术和旅游推介相关的职业，所以应选择对应“VR旅游推介”的图片C。 22．第二段中提到“I want to design stories for AI plays. I‘ll create interesting plots and lovely characters.”，这说明张百歌希望从事与AI编剧、故事创作相关的职业，所以应选择对应“AI编剧”的图片D。 23．第三段中提到“I want to make nice clothes for people. I’ll sew different clothes with good materials and beautiful colors.”，这说明王琴希望从事服装设计相关的职业，所以应选择对应“服装设计”的图片B。 （二）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 B Huang Xuhua, a famous scientist in China, passed away at the age of 99 on February 6th in Wuhan, due to illnesses. Huang was known as the chief designer of China’s first nuclear submarines (核潜艇) and had received many high honors. Huang played a key role in developing China’s first nuclear submarines, the Type 091 and Type 0911, from the 1950s to the 1980s. For 30 years, his work had been a secret. In 1970, he and his team successfully launched China’s first nuclear submarine, and it performed better than the first US nuclear submarine launched in 1954. As China’s navy started to share more information, stories about Huang and his team became widely known. People started to call him the “ ▲ ” Huang was born in Guangdong Province in 1926. He studied shipbuilding at National Chiao Tung University (now Shanghai Jiao Tong University) from 1945 to 1949. Later, he became one of the first scientists to work on China’s nuclear submarine program. In 1958, because of his excellent skills and qualities, Huang was secretly called to Beijing. For the next 30 years, he worked hard in secret on China’s nuclear submarine program. He and his team started from nothing and overcame many difficulties to build the country’s first nuclear submarine. Huang’s life was full of achievements. From 2017 to 2020, he was awarded national-level honors three times by President Xi Jinping. In 2019, he was awarded the Medal of the Republic, and in 2020, he got the highest science and technology award in China for 2019. Huang cared a lot about the future of science and technology in China, as well as the growth of young people. He donated over 20 million yuan of his money to support scientific research, education, and the spread of scientific knowledge. He spent his whole life developing China’s nuclear submarine industry and national defense, which encourages us to try our best to make the country stronger. 24．Which one is the best to fill in the blank ▲ ? A．Teacher of the Year B．Founder of Shanghai Jiao Tong University C．Best Scientist in the World D．Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines 25．Which of the following is the right order of Huang Xuhua’s life? ① Huang received the Medal of the Republic. ② Huang was called to Beijing to work on the nuclear submarine ③ Huang studied at National Chiao Tung University. ④ Huang Launched China’s first nuclear submarine. A．③-②-④-① B．②-③-④-① C．①-④-②-③ D．④-①-③-② 26．Which of the following is NOT true about Huang Xuhua according to the passage? A．He was born in Guangdong Province. B．He passed away at the age of 99. C．His family knew about his job and supported him very much. D．He and his team successfully launched China’s first nuclear submarine in 1970. 【答案】24．D 25．A 26．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国著名科学家黄旭华的生平事迹，包括他在中国首艘核潜艇研发中的关键作用、所获荣誉以及他对中国科技和国防事业的贡献。 24．根据文章第二段“Huang played a key role in developing China’s first nuclear submarines, the Type 091 and Type 0911, from the 1950s to the 1980s.黄在20世纪50年代至80年代期间对中国首艘核潜艇（091型和 0911型）的研发过程中发挥了关键作用。”和第三段“As China’s navy started to share more information, stories about Huang and his team became widely known. People started to call him the”可知，黄旭华在中国首艘核潜艇的研发中发挥了关键作用，随着中国海军开始分享更多信息，关于黄旭华和他的团队的故事广为人知，人们开始称他为“中国核潜艇之父”。选项D“中国核潜艇之父”符合题意。 25．根据文章第四段“ He studied shipbuilding at National Chiao Tung University (now Shanghai Jiao Tong University) from 1945 to 1949.”可知，黄旭华1945年至1949年在国立交通大学（现上海交通大学）学习造船，即③；根据文章第四段“In 1958, because of his excellent skills and qualities, Huang was secretly called to Beijing.”可知，1958年，由于出色的技能和素质，黄旭华被秘密召到北京，即②；根据文章第二段“In 1970, he and his team successfully launched China’s first nuclear submarine”可知，1970年，他带领团队成功研制并下水了中国第一艘核潜艇，即④；根据文章第五段“In 2019, he was awarded the Medal of the Republic”可知，2019年，黄旭华被授予共和国勋章，即①。因此，黄旭华的人生顺序是③-②-④-①。 26．根据文章第二段“For 30 years, his work had been a secret.”可知，黄旭华的工作保密了30年，所以他的家人可能并不知道他的具体工作。选项C“他的家人知道他的工作并非常支持他”与文章内容不符。 C When Mr Dow, our teacher, told us about a group task to create a brochure (小册子) for the school’s 100th anniversary (周年纪念日), I was excited. I was in a group with Jake and Lily. Jake was a photography lover and Lily was good at writing. At our first meeting, Jake kept talking about his photos. I asked Lily for help, but she just said, “This task sounds boring.” Jake agreed with Lily. At the second meeting, things got even worse. Jake didn’t collect material (素材) as he promised. He just showed us his weekend pictures. And Lily didn’t do any research. I felt like I was the only one trying to make the task work. So I decided to do it alone at home. However, no matter how hard I tried, the result wasn’t good. My mum noticed I was unhappy. She told me. “You can’t finish this alone. Jake and Lily have skills to make the brochure great. You need to find a way to work with them.” With only three days left, I came up with an idea. I told Jake and Lily that we could put stories and photos together in the brochure. Surprisingly, they liked the idea. Jake took photos of every part of the school. Lily wrote stories about the school’s past, and I organized all the information. On the final day, we presented our brochure in class. Lily’s stories touched everyone, and Jake even made old photos look better. Hearing the cheering (欢呼) from our classmates, we felt very proud. 27．How might the writer feel after the first meeting? A．Calm B．Upset C．Excited D．Proud 28．What happened at the second meeting? A．Jake only showed his weekend photos. B．Lily started her research on time. C．Jake collected materials from the library. D．Jake and Lily worked hard on the task. 29．What’s the turning point (转折点) of the story? A．The writer took his mother’s advice. B．The class cheered for the group. C．Mr Dow told them about the task. D．Jake and Lily didn’t want to work hard. 【答案】27．B 28．A 29．A 【导语】本文讲述了作者在完成学校百年校庆的小组任务时，从队友不配合、自己沮丧想单干，到听从妈妈建议分工合作，最终一起做出优秀作品、获得认可的故事。 27．根据第二段“At our first meeting, Jake kept talking about his photos. I asked Lily for help, but she just said, ‘This task sounds boring.’ Jake agreed with Lily.”可知，第一次会议时，队友都不配合，因此心情是沮丧的。 28．根据第二段“At the second meeting, things got even worse. Jake didn’t collect material (素材) as he promised. He just showed us his weekend pictures. And Lily didn’t do any research.”可知Jake只展示了他的周末图片。 29．根据第二段和第三段“She told me. ‘You can’t finish this alone. Jake and Lily have skills to make the brochure great. You need to find a way to work with them.’”和“I told Jake and Lily that we could put stories and photos together in the brochure. Surprisingly, they liked the idea.”可知，作者采纳了妈妈的建议，想出了分工合作的办法，之后团队开始配合，任务顺利推进，因此转折点是作者采纳了妈妈的建议。 D Teenagers today face many pressures. They often feel stressed by expectations from parents, teachers, and friends. But sometimes, the toughest critic comes from inside—themselves. Could learning to be kinder to themselves help? Researcher Kristin Neff explains self-compassion. It means treating yourself with kindness instead of judgment. It also means noticing your own pain without ignoring it, and understanding that everyone suffers sometimes. In the first study, researchers surveyed middle school and high school students. They found that students with higher self-compassion felt happier and less stressed. Then they compared boys and girls. In middle school, there was no big difference between boys and girls. But high school girls were different. They felt more stressed and less happy than both middle school girls and high school boys. They were also much less kind to themselves. The high school girls reported being harder on themselves, feeling more alone, and having a harder time keeping a balanced view during difficult times. The researchers suggest that teaching younger teens—especially girls—to build self-compassion might help prevent this drop. The second study followed over 2,000 ninth graders in Australia for one year. The researchers looked at their self-esteem, self-compassion, and mental health. They found something interesting. High self-compassion seemed to protect students from the bad effects of low self-esteem. For students with high self-esteem, self-compassion did not matter much. But for students with low self-esteem, those with low self-compassion felt worse a year later. However, those with high self-compassion did not have this problem. Why? Because self-compassion helps you accept your mistakes with kindness, instead of judging yourself or running away from your flaws. Teens don’t have to win every time—and that is perfectly okay. 30．According to Paragraph 2, what is self-compassion? A．Treating oneself with judgment and ignoring painful feelings. B．Being hard on oneself and avoiding mistakes. C．Treating oneself kindly and understanding that everyone suffers. D．Comparing oneself with others to feel better. 31．What did the first study find about high school girls? A．They felt happier and less stressed than middle school girls. B．They were more self-compassionate than high school boys. C．They felt more stressed and less happy than other groups. D．They had no difference from middle school girls. 32．The passage suggests that self-compassion helps students with low self-esteem because it allows them to ________. A．judge themselves more strictly B．avoid their mistakes and flaws C．accept their shortcomings with kindness D．compare themselves with others 33．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Teenagers should try to win every time they face challenges. B．Self-compassion can help teens feel better and deal with stress. C．High school girls have more problems than middle school girls. D．Self-esteem is more important than self-compassion for teens. 【答案】30．C 31．C 32．C 33．B 【导语】本文围绕青少年的压力问题，探讨了自我同情对青少年心理健康的积极作用。 【详解】30．根据第二段“It means treating yourself with kindness instead of judgment.”以及“...understanding that everyone suffers sometimes.”可知，自我同情是指善待自己并理解人人都会受苦。 31．根据第三段“But high school girls were different. They felt more stressed and less happy than both middle school girls and high school boys.”可知，高中女生相比其他群体压力更大、快乐感更低。 32．根据第五段“Because self-compassion helps you accept your mistakes with kindness, instead of judging yourself or running away from your flaws.”可知，自我同情能让低自尊学生友善地接受自己的不足。 33．通读全文可知，文章第一段引出青少年压力及自我同情话题，第二段定义自我同情，第三、四段通过两项研究说明自我同情对青少年心理健康、压力缓解及自尊保护的积极作用，第五段总结原因。因此，文章主旨是自我同情能帮助青少年感觉更好并应对压力。 第二部分 本部分共5题，共20分。根据题目要求，完成相应任务。 四、阅读表达（第34-36题每题2分，第37题4分，共10分） 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 There are many waterfalls in China. Some are big, and some are small. They are all beautiful. Today I’ll introduce four of them to you. Huangguoshu Waterfall, which sits in Anshun City, Guizhou Province, is the largest waterfall in China and one of the most famous natural wonders in Asia. With a height of 77.8 meters and a width of 101 meters, it looks like a “white curtain” pouring from the sky, producing thunderous sounds. Every year, millions of people come to visit this natural wonder. Sanxia Waterfall in Yichang, Hubei is a great natural landscape in China. It is one of the widest waterfalls and many people think it is the No.1 waterfall in the world. Hukou Waterfall, located on the Yellow River at the border of Shanxi Province and Shaanxi Province in northern China, is one of the most powerful waterfalls in the country. Known for its amazing yellow-hued water and thunderous sound, it is the second largest waterfall in China (after Huangguoshu Waterfall). People can hear the sound from far away. Lushan Waterfall in Jiangxi is very beautiful. It’s well-known in China and the world because of the poem (诗) by Li Bai: It plunges straight down three thousand feet. As if the Silver River were falling from the Ninth Heaven. 34．How high is Huangguoshu Waterfall? 35．Where is Sanxia Waterfall? 36．What is Hukou Waterfall known for? 37．Why is Lushan Waterfall well-known in China and the world? 【答案】34． 77.8 meters. 35．In Yichang, Hubei. 36．Its amazing yellow-hued water and thunderous sound. 37．Because of the poem by Li Bai. 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国四个著名的瀑布（黄果树瀑布、三峡瀑布、壶口瀑布和庐山瀑布）的基本情况。 【详解】34．文章第二段“With a height of 77.8 meters and a width of 101 meters”明确提到黄果树瀑布的高度为77.8米，答案是原文直接信息。 35．文章第三段“Sanxia Waterfall in Yichang, Hubei is a great natural landscape in China.”点明三峡瀑布位于湖北宜昌，可提取原文。 36．文章第四段“Known for its amazing yellow-hued water and thunderous sound”说明壶口瀑布因惊艳的黄色水体和轰鸣的水声闻名，直接提取。 37．文章最后一段中“It’s well-known in China and the world because of the poem by Li Bai”点明庐山瀑布因李白的诗作闻名中外，答案几乎是原文引述。 五、文段表达（10分） 从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据所给的中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出的内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出真实的校名、姓名和地名。 38．在你的学习生涯中，一定有很多科学家给你留下了深刻的印象。屠呦呦教授是中国第一位获得诺贝尔科学奖项的科学家，她和她的团队发现的青蒿素拯救了全球数百万人的生命。请你根据以下要点，写一篇作文，介绍她的付出与收获。 Name Pain Solution Gain Tu Youyou 1. did many experiments 2. failed 190 times 1. didn’t give up 2. read old Chinese medical books 3. tried again 1. found artemisinin 2. In 2015, won the Nobel Prize. 要求：1．分享一下你从屠呦呦的故事中学到了什么。 2．包含以上所有要点，并适当发挥。 3．80词左右(开头已给出，不计入总词数)。 No pain, no gain — The Story of Tu Youyou There is an old saying, “No pain, no gain”. Tu Youyou’s story perfectly shows us the meaning of this saying. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 例文： Tu Youyou is a great Chinese scientist. She did many experiments to find a cure for malaria. She failed 190 times, but she never gave up. Instead, she read old Chinese medical books and tried again. Finally, she found artemisinin, which has saved millions of lives around the world. In 2015, she won the Nobel Prize. From her story, I learn that success comes from hard work and never giving up. We should keep trying even when we face difficulties. 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 文体：介绍性记叙文，以一般过去时为主（描述屠呦呦的研究历程），结尾感悟用一般现在时 核心要点：屠呦呦的付出（实验与失败）、应对方式（不放弃+查阅古籍）、收获（发现青蒿素+获诺贝尔奖）、个人感悟 人称：第三人称（she/Tu Youyou）介绍事迹，第一人称（I）表达感悟 注意事项：词数控制在80词左右，不得遗漏表格要点，感悟需贴合主题 [第二步：构思布局] 一段式结构 开头：总起句，点明屠呦呦的身份与核心成就，引出她的研究背景 主体：按“付出-应对-收获” 的逻辑，依次描述她的实验过程、失败后的坚持与突破 结尾：总结她的精神价值，升华主题，分享个人感悟 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：屠呦呦的付出（Pain） 关键信息：did many experiments; failed 190 times 写作表达：She did many experiments to find a cure for malaria, but failed 190 times. 作用：体现研究过程的艰辛，为下文“坚持”做铺垫 要点二：屠呦呦的应对方式（Solution） 关键信息：didn’t give up; read old Chinese medical books; tried again 写作表达：She never gave up. Instead, she read old Chinese medical books and tried again and again. 作用：展现她面对挫折的态度，突出 “永不放弃” 的精神 要点三：屠呦呦的收获（Gain） 关键信息：found artemisinin; won the Nobel Prize in 2015 写作表达：Finally, she found artemisinin, which has saved millions of lives. In 2015, she won the Nobel Prize. 作用：点明她的研究成果与荣誉，呼应开头的 “伟大科学家” 定位 要点四：个人感悟 关键信息：从她的故事中学到的道理 写作表达：From her story, I learn that success comes from hard work and never giving up. 40．学校英语报正在举办“Amazing Nature”主题征文活动。介绍一个你通过书本、网络或课堂了解到的自然奇观，或者你的家乡山东的一处自然奇观，写一篇短文投稿。 写作要点： 1．说明这个自然奇观的名称和大致位置。 2．用一两个具体数字（如高度、长度、面积等）来突出它的惊人之处。 3．把它与另一个地方的自然景观做简单比较（例如：比……更高/更深/更壮观）。 4．谈谈人们为什么喜欢去那里，以及你自己平时是如何亲近自然的（比如爬山、看海、公园散步等）。 要求： 1．语言通顺，逻辑清晰，语法正确； 2．词数：90～120词； 3．文中不要出现真实的校名和人名。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 例文     Mount Tai, located in Shandong Province, is a famous natural wonder and one of China’s most sacred mountains.     It is about 1,545 meters high, which is much higher than many other mountains in eastern China. For example, it is nearly twice as high as the Great Wall’s Badaling section. People love to visit Mount Tai not only for its beautiful sunrise but also for its historical importance.     As for me, I often go hiking in nearby hills on weekends to get close to nature. This helps me feel relaxed and energetic. 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确认文体：这是一篇“Amazing Nature”主题的写景征文，时态以一般现在时为主 明确要点：需包含泰山的地理位置、核心自然与文化特色、游览价值，还要结合个人亲近自然的体验 确定人称：第三人称（指代Mount Tai）和第一人称（I） 注意事项：词数控制在90-120；不能出现无关信息，内容要紧扣自然主题 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：引出泰山，点明它的自然与文化双重地位 主体段：用数据和细节说明泰山的高度、云海日出与文化遗迹两大核心看点 结尾段：联系个人周末徒步的习惯，抒发亲近自然的感受 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：介绍泰山基本信息 具体说明：located in Shandong Province/about 1,545 meters high/located in /situated in /lies in等 要点二：描写泰山核心吸引力 具体说明：beautiful sunrise/its historical importance/breathtaking sunrise/winding stone steps等 要点三：结合个人体验升华主题 具体说明：go hiking/get close to nature/helps me feel relaxed and energetic/broaden my horizons/a sense of achievement等 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026年第二学期八年级英语期末模拟卷 （基础卷，北京专用） 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 第一部分 本部分共33题，共40分。在每题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项。 一、单项填空（每题0.5分，共6分） 从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1．If you ________ something, you should say “Thank you”. A．give B．will give C．are given D．was given 2．A new science lab ________ in our school next year. A．builds B．built C．was built D．will be built 3．选择正确的答案。 The old cinema in our town ________ into a new library last month. Now we can read books there. A．is turned B．was turned C．turns D．turned 4．—Can you come to my birthday party tomorrow, Robert? —________. I have lots of homework to do. A．Yes, I can B．I’m afraid not C．Sounds good D．Of course 5．You ________ eat fast food every day, son. It’s not good for you. A．should B．shouldn’t C．may not D．may 6．—How to build a great team? —________ more and help each other. A．Communicate B．Communicating C．To communicate D．Communicates 7．My brother never helps out with housework; he always ________ his parents to do everything for him. A．depends on B．works on C．puts on D．turns on 8．— Could you spare a few minutes to explain this math problem to me? I know you’re busy. —________. I’m always glad to help you with your studies. A．My pleasure B．It’s my pleasure C．With pleasure D．No pleasure 9．It remains unknown ________ we will take the graduation trip to the mountain or the seaside after the entrance exam. A．whether B．that C．how D．if 10．Could you inform me ________ you will take the online mock exam or the offline one this weekend or not? A．whether B．that C．where D．if 11．During the day, when she saw him ________ some leaves with his trunk (象鼻) and put them into his mouth, she was pleased. A．pick up B．take up C．give up D．set up 12．He said he ________ his grandparents in the countryside the coming winter holiday. A．visits B．visited C．will visit D．would visit 二、完形填空（每题1分，共8分） 阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 Every year, many homeless animals need our help. The local animal hospital is always 13 for more help. They don’t have enough workers, food or medicine. Last month, my class decided to help the hospital. We made 14 and put them up around the school. We asked students and teachers to 15 money, food and old things. We also held a book sale in our school. Many students bought books, and we 16 a lot of money. Last weekend, we went to the hospital. We helped 17 care of the sick animals. We fed them, cleaned their rooms and played with them. The workers in the hospital were very 18 to us. They said our help made a big 19 . Animals are our friends. We should do our best to help them. If everyone does a little, we can 20 a difference to the animals’ lives. 13．A．asking B．calling C．looking D．waiting 14．A．books B．posters C．letters D．notes 15．A．borrow B．donate C．sell D．buy 16．A．raised B．got C．made D．took 17．A．take B．make C．give D．do 18．A．angry B．kind C．thankful D．helpful 19．A．difference B．trouble C．mistake D．progress 20．A．do B．make C．get D．take 三、阅读理解（每题2分，共26分） （一） A 下面的材料介绍了三位同学对未来职业的憧憬，请根据小题中描述的情况选择对应的职业图片，将图片序号A、B、C、D填在相应的题号前。 21 Li Shanlin I want to introduce the beautiful views of China to people around the world with VR so that they don’t need to travel far away to enjoy them. I hope to let everyone see how amazing our country is. I’ll learn VR skills and practice speaking well. 22 Zhang Baige I want to design stories for AI plays. I’ll create interesting plots and lovely characters. I love writing and making people happy. I’ll read more books, practice writing and learn basic AI knowledge. 23 Wang Qin I want to make nice clothes for people. I’ll sew different clothes with good materials and beautiful colors. I love to see people wear fashionable dresses. I’ll learn sewing skills and practice making clothes every day. A．     B．     C．     D． （二）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 B Huang Xuhua, a famous scientist in China, passed away at the age of 99 on February 6th in Wuhan, due to illnesses. Huang was known as the chief designer of China’s first nuclear submarines (核潜艇) and had received many high honors. Huang played a key role in developing China’s first nuclear submarines, the Type 091 and Type 0911, from the 1950s to the 1980s. For 30 years, his work had been a secret. In 1970, he and his team successfully launched China’s first nuclear submarine, and it performed better than the first US nuclear submarine launched in 1954. As China’s navy started to share more information, stories about Huang and his team became widely known. People started to call him the “ ▲ ” Huang was born in Guangdong Province in 1926. He studied shipbuilding at National Chiao Tung University (now Shanghai Jiao Tong University) from 1945 to 1949. Later, he became one of the first scientists to work on China’s nuclear submarine program. In 1958, because of his excellent skills and qualities, Huang was secretly called to Beijing. For the next 30 years, he worked hard in secret on China’s nuclear submarine program. He and his team started from nothing and overcame many difficulties to build the country’s first nuclear submarine. Huang’s life was full of achievements. From 2017 to 2020, he was awarded national-level honors three times by President Xi Jinping. In 2019, he was awarded the Medal of the Republic, and in 2020, he got the highest science and technology award in China for 2019. Huang cared a lot about the future of science and technology in China, as well as the growth of young people. He donated over 20 million yuan of his money to support scientific research, education, and the spread of scientific knowledge. He spent his whole life developing China’s nuclear submarine industry and national defense, which encourages us to try our best to make the country stronger. 24．Which one is the best to fill in the blank ▲ ? A．Teacher of the Year B．Founder of Shanghai Jiao Tong University C．Best Scientist in the World D．Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines 25．Which of the following is the right order of Huang Xuhua’s life? ① Huang received the Medal of the Republic. ② Huang was called to Beijing to work on the nuclear submarine ③ Huang studied at National Chiao Tung University. ④ Huang Launched China’s first nuclear submarine. A．③-②-④-① B．②-③-④-① C．①-④-②-③ D．④-①-③-② 26．Which of the following is NOT true about Huang Xuhua according to the passage? A．He was born in Guangdong Province. B．He passed away at the age of 99. C．His family knew about his job and supported him very much. D．He and his team successfully launched China’s first nuclear submarine in 1970. C When Mr Dow, our teacher, told us about a group task to create a brochure (小册子) for the school’s 100th anniversary (周年纪念日), I was excited. I was in a group with Jake and Lily. Jake was a photography lover and Lily was good at writing. At our first meeting, Jake kept talking about his photos. I asked Lily for help, but she just said, “This task sounds boring.” Jake agreed with Lily. At the second meeting, things got even worse. Jake didn’t collect material (素材) as he promised. He just showed us his weekend pictures. And Lily didn’t do any research. I felt like I was the only one trying to make the task work. So I decided to do it alone at home. However, no matter how hard I tried, the result wasn’t good. My mum noticed I was unhappy. She told me. “You can’t finish this alone. Jake and Lily have skills to make the brochure great. You need to find a way to work with them.” With only three days left, I came up with an idea. I told Jake and Lily that we could put stories and photos together in the brochure. Surprisingly, they liked the idea. Jake took photos of every part of the school. Lily wrote stories about the school’s past, and I organized all the information. On the final day, we presented our brochure in class. Lily’s stories touched everyone, and Jake even made old photos look better. Hearing the cheering (欢呼) from our classmates, we felt very proud. 27．How might the writer feel after the first meeting? A．Calm B．Upset C．Excited D．Proud 28．What happened at the second meeting? A．Jake only showed his weekend photos. B．Lily started her research on time. C．Jake collected materials from the library. D．Jake and Lily worked hard on the task. 29．What’s the turning point (转折点) of the story? A．The writer took his mother’s advice. B．The class cheered for the group. C．Mr Dow told them about the task. D．Jake and Lily didn’t want to work hard. D Teenagers today face many pressures. They often feel stressed by expectations from parents, teachers, and friends. But sometimes, the toughest critic comes from inside—themselves. Could learning to be kinder to themselves help? Researcher Kristin Neff explains self-compassion. It means treating yourself with kindness instead of judgment. It also means noticing your own pain without ignoring it, and understanding that everyone suffers sometimes. In the first study, researchers surveyed middle school and high school students. They found that students with higher self-compassion felt happier and less stressed. Then they compared boys and girls. In middle school, there was no big difference between boys and girls. But high school girls were different. They felt more stressed and less happy than both middle school girls and high school boys. They were also much less kind to themselves. The high school girls reported being harder on themselves, feeling more alone, and having a harder time keeping a balanced view during difficult times. The researchers suggest that teaching younger teens—especially girls—to build self-compassion might help prevent this drop. The second study followed over 2,000 ninth graders in Australia for one year. The researchers looked at their self-esteem, self-compassion, and mental health. They found something interesting. High self-compassion seemed to protect students from the bad effects of low self-esteem. For students with high self-esteem, self-compassion did not matter much. But for students with low self-esteem, those with low self-compassion felt worse a year later. However, those with high self-compassion did not have this problem. Why? Because self-compassion helps you accept your mistakes with kindness, instead of judging yourself or running away from your flaws. Teens don’t have to win every time—and that is perfectly okay. 30．According to Paragraph 2, what is self-compassion? A．Treating oneself with judgment and ignoring painful feelings. B．Being hard on oneself and avoiding mistakes. C．Treating oneself kindly and understanding that everyone suffers. D．Comparing oneself with others to feel better. 31．What did the first study find about high school girls? A．They felt happier and less stressed than middle school girls. B．They were more self-compassionate than high school boys. C．They felt more stressed and less happy than other groups. D．They had no difference from middle school girls. 32．The passage suggests that self-compassion helps students with low self-esteem because it allows them to ________. A．judge themselves more strictly B．avoid their mistakes and flaws C．accept their shortcomings with kindness D．compare themselves with others 33．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Teenagers should try to win every time they face challenges. B．Self-compassion can help teens feel better and deal with stress. C．High school girls have more problems than middle school girls. D．Self-esteem is more important than self-compassion for teens. 第二部分 本部分共5题，共20分。根据题目要求，完成相应任务。 四、阅读表达（第34-36题每题2分，第37题4分，共10分） 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 There are many waterfalls in China. Some are big, and some are small. They are all beautiful. Today I’ll introduce four of them to you. Huangguoshu Waterfall, which sits in Anshun City, Guizhou Province, is the largest waterfall in China and one of the most famous natural wonders in Asia. With a height of 77.8 meters and a width of 101 meters, it looks like a “white curtain” pouring from the sky, producing thunderous sounds. Every year, millions of people come to visit this natural wonder. Sanxia Waterfall in Yichang, Hubei is a great natural landscape in China. It is one of the widest waterfalls and many people think it is the No.1 waterfall in the world. Hukou Waterfall, located on the Yellow River at the border of Shanxi Province and Shaanxi Province in northern China, is one of the most powerful waterfalls in the country. Known for its amazing yellow-hued water and thunderous sound, it is the second largest waterfall in China (after Huangguoshu Waterfall). People can hear the sound from far away. Lushan Waterfall in Jiangxi is very beautiful. It’s well-known in China and the world because of the poem (诗) by Li Bai: It plunges straight down three thousand feet. As if the Silver River were falling from the Ninth Heaven. 34．How high is Huangguoshu Waterfall? 35．Where is Sanxia Waterfall? 36．What is Hukou Waterfall known for? 37．Why is Lushan Waterfall well-known in China and the world? 五、文段表达（10分） 从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据所给的中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出的内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出真实的校名、姓名和地名。 38．在你的学习生涯中，一定有很多科学家给你留下了深刻的印象。屠呦呦教授是中国第一位获得诺贝尔科学奖项的科学家，她和她的团队发现的青蒿素拯救了全球数百万人的生命。请你根据以下要点，写一篇作文，介绍她的付出与收获。 Name Pain Solution Gain Tu Youyou 1. did many experiments 2. failed 190 times 1. didn’t give up 2. read old Chinese medical books 3. tried again 1. found artemisinin 2. In 2015, won the Nobel Prize. 要求：1．分享一下你从屠呦呦的故事中学到了什么。 2．包含以上所有要点，并适当发挥。 3．80词左右(开头已给出，不计入总词数)。 No pain, no gain — The Story of Tu Youyou There is an old saying, “No pain, no gain”. Tu Youyou’s story perfectly shows us the meaning of this saying. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 40．学校英语报正在举办“Amazing Nature”主题征文活动。介绍一个你通过书本、网络或课堂了解到的自然奇观，或者你的家乡山东的一处自然奇观，写一篇短文投稿。 写作要点： 1．说明这个自然奇观的名称和大致位置。 2．用一两个具体数字（如高度、长度、面积等）来突出它的惊人之处。 3．把它与另一个地方的自然景观做简单比较（例如：比……更高/更深/更壮观）。 4．谈谈人们为什么喜欢去那里，以及你自己平时是如何亲近自然的（比如爬山、看海、公园散步等）。 要求： 1．语言通顺，逻辑清晰，语法正确； 2．词数：90～120词； 3．文中不要出现真实的校名和人名。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $