Unit 6 Nature in words Using language 课件-2025-2026学年高中英语外研版选择性必修第三册

该高中英语课件聚焦非谓语动词作定语、状语和补语，通过课文原句再现导入，结合已学非谓语知识基础，搭建从语境感知到规则归纳的学习支架，帮助学生梳理知识脉络。 其亮点在于以语言能力培养为核心，通过原句语境分析、分类对比讲解及“温馨提示”强化思维品质，真题体验和专项训练提升学习能力。Summary表格与极简口诀系统总结，便于学生理解记忆，教师可高效开展语法教学，助力学生掌握非谓语用法。

非谓语动词(2) ——非谓语动词作定语、状语和补语 Unit 6 Nature in Words Using language 语法原句再现 ❶...so that it really does seem an age since I saw the ground so fantastically carpeted. ❷You go to bed in one kind of world and wake up to find yourself in another quite different... ❸...I can see the children flattening their noses against the window... ❹...and there is running through my head a rhyme I used to repeat when I was a child... 请注意上述句中黑体部分的形式,注意其所在位置以及充当的句子成分。 语法知识点拨 一、不定式 1.作定语 不定式作定语常放在所修饰的名词或代词后。 The Browns have a comfortable house to live in. 布朗一家有舒适的房子居住。(不定式与被修饰的名词构成被动关系) His wish to be an artist has never come true. 他想成为一名艺术家的愿望从未实现。(不定式与被修饰的名词构成同位关系) He is the right man to do the job. 他是做这份工作的合适人选。(不定式与被修饰的名词构成主动关系) He is always the first to arrive at the school and the last to leave the school. 他总是第一个到校,最后一个离校。(不定式与被修饰的名词构成主动关系) ①若不定式为不及物动词,其后须加上相应的介词。 ②当中心词为序数词、形容词最高级、the only等,或中心词被这些词修饰时,常用不定式短语作定语。 温馨提示 2.作状语 不定式作状语主要是表示目的、条件、原因和结果,可位于句首或句末,位于句首时通常用逗号隔开。 He exercises regularly to keep fit. 他经常锻炼以保持健康。(目的) To pass the driving test,you must practise enough. 要通过驾驶考试,你必须进行足够的练习。(条件) She was very happy to get the first prize. 获得了一等奖,她很开心。(原因) He worked hard only to fail. 他努力工作,结果却失败了。(结果) ①不定式常用在so as或in order后,与它们一起作非谓语,表示目的,但so as引起的不定式不可置于句首。 温馨提示 In order to avoid mistakes,check your homework. 为了避免出错,检查一下你的作业。 ②不定式表结果常和only连用,往往表示出乎意料的、意想不到的、不愿得到的结果。 I went to the store to buy my favourite book,only to learn that it was out of stock. 我去商店买我最喜欢的书,结果却得知它缺货了。 ③“形容词+enough+to do”和“too+形容词或副词(不表情感)+to do”中的不定式也可作结果状语。 温馨提示 The weather is fine enough to go on a picnic. 天气足够好,可以去野餐。 The box is too heavy to carry. 这个箱子太重了,搬不动。 ④“too+表情感的形容词(pleased、glad、willing、anxious等)+to do”表示肯定意义,too前面可用only等词修饰。 温馨提示 They were (only) too anxious to leave. 他们只是太急于离开了。 She is (only) too pleased to go home. 她非常高兴可以回家了。 3.作补语 宾语与作补语的不定式之间是主动关系。 (1)后接动词不定式作宾补的常见动词(短语)有advise、allow、arrange for、ask、beg、call on、depend on、expect、get、hate、invite、like、order、permit、persuade、prefer、remind、request、require、send、want、wish、would like、love等。 She wanted me to arrive there early. 她想让我早点到那儿。 My friend reminds me to attend the party this weekend. 朋友提醒我参加这个周末的派对。 (2)动词不定式作感官动词(五看二听一感觉:see、look at、watch、observe、notice、hear、listen to、feel)和使役动词(let、make、have等)后面的宾补时,不定式符号to要省略,但如果句子是被动结构,则必须带to,表示动作的完成。 He made them climb the hill. 他让他们去爬山。 They were made to climb the hill. 他们被迫去爬山。 (3)动词不定式可作形容词的补足语。句型为: ①主语+系动词+表语(通常为形容词convenient、easy、expensive、difficult、hard、impossible、pleasant等)+to do (to do常用主动表被动,其中do为及物动词,主语为to do的宾语) The problem is easy to deal with. 这个问题很容易解决。 The woman is easy to get along with. 这位女士很容易相处。 ②主语+find/think/consider/believe等+宾语+形容词+to do (to do常用主动表被动,其中do为及物动词) He found the job difficult to work out. 他发现这项工作很难完成。 二、动词-ing形式 1.作定语 动词-ing形式作定语时,单个动词-ing形式放在被修饰的名词前;其短语作定语,则放在被修饰的名词后。动词-ing形式作定语表示与被修饰词之间为主动关系,表示动作正在进行或经常性发生,也可以表示所修饰事物的功能或用途。 the rising sun=the sun which is rising 正在升起的太阳 The girl standing under the tree is my sister. 站在树下的那个女孩是我的妹妹。 He often studies in the reading room. 他经常在阅览室学习。 the falling leaves=the leaves which are falling 飘落的树叶 2.作状语 动词-ing形式或其短语作状语时,可以表示时间、条件、原因、结果、让步、方式、伴随等。表示时间关系的动词-ing短语可由连词while或when引出。 Opening the window,a fresh breeze blew in. 打开窗户时,一阵清新的微风吹了进来。(时间) Being honest with others,you will gain their trust. 如果你对别人诚实,你将会赢得他们的信任。(条件) Being excited about the trip,the children couldn’t fall asleep last night. 孩子们因为对这次旅行感到兴奋,所以昨晚根本无法入睡。(原因) 3.作补语 动词-ing形式或其短语作补语表示动作正在进行,与宾语之间是主动关系。 后面常接动词-ing形式作宾补的动词有感官动词(五看二听一感觉:see、look at、watch、observe、notice、hear、listen to、feel),使役动词(get、have)以及其他类动词(catch、leave、keep、set等),表示动作正在进行。 I saw them playing games on the playground yesterday. 昨天我看见他们正在操场上玩游戏。 Don’t leave him waiting outside the room. 不要让他在房间外面等。 三、过去分词 过去分词既有副词的特征又有动词的特征,在句中可作定语、状语、补语、表语等成分。 1.作定语 过去分词作定语时,与被修饰词之间是被动、完成关系。单个过去分词作定语放在被修饰的名词前,过去分词短语作定语放在被修饰的名词后。其中及物动词的过去分词作定语表示完成或被动概念,不及物动词的过去分词作定语只表示完成概念,没有被动的意味。 the risen sun=the sun which has risen 已经升起的太阳 fallen leaves=leaves which have fallen 落叶 This is the house built several years ago.=This is the house which was built several years ago. 这就是那幢几年前建成的房子。 2.作状语 过去分词在句中作状语,说明动作发生的背景或情况,它与被修饰词之间是被动关系。它在句中可以作时间、条件、原因、方式、让步和伴随状语。 Delighted with the result,they celebrated with a big party. 他们对结果很满意,举办了一场盛大的派对来庆祝。(原因) Accompanied by his friend,he went to the concert. 他在朋友的陪伴下,去了音乐会。(伴随) Even if defeated,they didn’t lose heart. 即使被打败了,他们也没有灰心。(让步) 3.作补语 及物动词的过去分词作宾补,与宾语之间构成被动关系。不及物动词的过去分词作宾补,表示状态或完成。可以用过去分词作宾补的动词有感官动词(五看二听一感觉:see、look at、watch、observe、notice、hear、listen to、feel),使役动词(get、have、make等)以及其他类动词(leave、keep、want、wish等)。 I had my leg broken last week. 上周我摔断了腿。 真题体验 1.(2024·浙江1月卷)However,if you’re shopping for one,buying extra 　　 　　(benefit) from price reductions doesn’t make sense.  【解析】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,“　　　　(benefit) from price reductions”作目的状语,应用动词不定式。故填to benefit。   to benefit 2.(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)These sepals open on warm days 　　　　(give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air.  【解析】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,“　 　　(give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air”作目的状语,应用动词不定式。故填to give。   to give 3.(2024·北京卷)Just then,some kids ran at him,　　 　　(knock) his books out of his arms.  【解析】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,“　　 　　(knock) his books out of his arms”作结果状语,是一种自然而然的结果,应用现在分词形式。故填knocking。   knocking 4.(2024·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)Two years later,a six-metre-tall pavilion,　　　　(inspire) by The Peony Pavilion,was built at the Firs Garden,just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace.  【解析】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处作名词pavilion的后置定语,且与pavilion之间为被动关系,应用过去分词形式。故填inspired。 inspired 5.(2024·全国甲卷)But cats are special creatures who possess 　　　　(amaze) vocalization skills.  amazing 【解析】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处作定语,修饰vocalization skills,意为“惊人的发声能力”,应用现在分词形式。故填amazing。 语法专项训练 Ⅰ.句子语法填空 1.He was the best man 　　　　(do) the job.  2.She told a very funny story,　　　　(make) everyone in the room burst into laughter.  3.After school we went to the reading room,only 　　　 　(tell) that it was being decorated.  4.　　　　(dress) in the white uniform,he looks more like a cook than a doctor.  to do making to be told Dressed 5.This is the newly 　 　　　(invent) machine,which will greatly increase the output of the company.  6.She stood in front of him with her eyes 　　　　(fix) on his face.  7.I’m pleased to see the problem 　　　　(settle) so quickly.  8.My goal is to get my students 　　　 　(develop) awareness of their strengths,weaknesses and learning needs,and to enable them 　　　　(learn) throughout their lives.  invented fixed settled to develop to learn 9.I felt the wind 　　 　　(blow) gently on my face.  10.I heard my name 　　　　(call) in the crowd.  blowing called Ⅱ.语篇填空 　　Research has become both simpler and more complex.It’s simpler because,if you have a computer,you can find information you need by 1.　　 　　(search) the Internet.For all your information,you don’t have to go to the library 2.　　　　(find) the relevant resources and take notes.Instead,you can find some sources from the Internet and print the copies 3.　　　　(need).Remember,however,that you should usually consult different types of sources.That is,you shouldn’t always rely just on the Internet for your research.  searching to find needed While 4.　　　 　(find) information is easier than ever,at the same time,5.　　 　　(research)has become more complex.There are more materials available,6.　　　　(mean) you may be 7.　　　　(overwhelm) by an amount of information.You need to learn how 8.　　　　(sort) out and 9.　　　　(find) the relevant information for your particular project.Also,you need 10.　　　　(check).  finding researching/research meaning overwhelmed to sort find to check Summary 非谓语（定、状、宾补）一、核心三形含义 to do：将来、目的、主动 doing：主动、进行 done：被动、完成 二、作定语（修饰名词） doing：名词主动、正在 → 单个前置，短语后置 done：名词被动、已做完 → 单个前置，短语后置 to do：动作将要发生 → 一律后置 三、作状语（看主句主语逻辑关系） to do：目的、意外结果 doing：主动，伴随 / 原因 / 自然而然结果 done：被动，原因 / 条件 / 时间 口诀：主动 ing，被动 done，目的用 to do 四、作宾补（动词 + 宾语 + 非谓语） 感官 / 使役动词：see/hear/watch… do（全过程）；doing（正在做）；done（宾语被…） ask/tell/want/allow：只用 to do 极简口诀 定：进行主动 ing，被动完成 done，将来后置 to do； 状：主动 ing 被动 done，目的意外 to do； 宾补：全过程原形，进行 ing，被动 done，想要邀约 to do。 $