精品解析：天津市第一中学东丽学校2025-2026学年第二学期过程性诊断(1) 高一英语试题

天津市第一中学东丽学校2025—2026学年第二学期过程性诊断（1） 高一英语 本试卷满分120分，考试用时115分钟。 第一部分：听力（共两节，每小题1分，满分20分） 第一节：听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. What is troubling Sarah? A. Doing the cleaning. B. Giving the man a hand. C. Working out a maths problem. 2. What did Lucy do last weekend? A. She went bike riding. B. She watched a movie. C. She visited her grandfather. 3. Where can the boy get the book? A. On the library shelves. B. From his classmates. C. On the e-book app. 4. Why does the man talk to the woman? A. To ask for directions. B. To borrow her phone. C. To learn about the city. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. The weather. B. A clothing style. C. The weekend plan. 第二节：听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is wrong with Taylor? A. She forgot to book a table. B. She was late for a gathering. C. She went to the wrong restaurant. 7. What time is it now? A. 8:00 pm. B. 8:10 pm. C. 8:30 pm. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Why does Lisa prefer the Eurostar train? A. It is eco-friendly. B. It is cheaper. C. It is faster. 9. What will the woman do next? A. Book a hotel. B. Cook a meal. C. Check the train schedule. 10. What is the most probable relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Father and daughter. C. Husband and wife. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What is the girl doing? A. Introducing the required cameras. B. Inviting students to join the club. C. Recommending a photography course. 12. What will the girl’s group do this Saturday? A. Visit an exhibition. B. Have a weekly meeting. C. Attend a photography trip. 13. How can the boy apply to become a member? A. By sending an email by Friday. B. By making a formal phone call. C. By handing in a written application. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What kind of volunteer is in great need now? A. Dog walkers. B. Cat caregivers. C. Animal doctors. 15. What is the requirement for teenage volunteers? A. Having experience in animal care. B. Living near the animal shelter. C. Being an animal lover. 16. What is a big challenge of the rescue work? A. Taking better care of animals. B. Finding homes for older cats. C. Getting enough food supplies. 17. Who is the man? A. A radio host. B. A school teacher. C. A shelter manager 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What aroused the speaker’s interest in stamp collecting? A. A gift from his uncle. B. A visit to a museum. C. A trip to Brazil. 19. How did the speaker get the 1960s space exploration stamp? A. A friend exchanged it with him. B. Another collector gave it to him. C. He bought it at a secondhand store. 20. What does the speaker think of stamp collecting? A. It is popular among people. B. It requires patience and luck. C. It encourages connections and learning. 第二部分：单项填空共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分。 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 1. The children were ______, waiting to see if their team would win the competition. A. in their own right B. to their hearts’ content C. to some extent D. on the edge of their seats 2. The teacher used simple examples to ______ her point ______ to the students. A. put on B. get across C. live up to D. die out 3. Kylian Mbappé has scored 8 goals in FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022, ________ millions of teenagers to play football. A. inspired B. inspiring C. to inspire D. being inspired 4. Mike is still pleased with the house he bought _______ all the problems he’s had. A. without B. despite C. because of D. instead of 5. ________ for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on time. A. To work B. Worked C. To be working D. Having worked 6. All the students who have been working hard can ____________ pass the exam. A. incredibly B. definitely C. extremely D. ultimately 7. The non-profit organization is named after the researchers, ________ work has attracted public attention to environmental protection. A. whose B. who C. which D. when 8. My uncle, along with his colleagues, an art exhibition in Beijing at this time, A. have attended B. has attended C. are attending D. is attending 9. The company has ______a new production process aimed at reducing both costs and wastes. A. adopted B. acquired C. assumed D. adapted 10. The president’s _________ speech at the ceremony inspired the scientists to make greater contributions for the country. A. grateful B. previous C. dramatic D. original 11. My first Senior High School year was ____________ by winning the first place in the 100-meter race at the school sports meet. A. established B. reduced C. highlighted D. removed 12. Although first ________ almost 200 years ago, the novels of Charles Dickens have remained popular around the world, ________ a lasting legacy of vivid characters. A. publishing, leaving B. being published, having left C. published, leaving D. was published, left 13. The play _____________ next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture. A. produced B. to be produced C. being produced D. having been produced 14. I ________ a novel since last month, and I will finish it before the end of this month. A. wrote B. had written C. have been writing D. would write 15. ________ nearly all her spare time to community service during high school, Li Lei felt a deep sense of fulfillment when she received the volunteer award. A. Devoting B. Devoted C. Having devoted D. To devote 第三部分：完型填空 共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分。 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Ursula has always called the beautiful small town of Beaverton her home. Although she’d had childhood ____16____ of exploring the world and studied international business with a desire to pursue a ____17____ in Toronto, finding a job proved more ____18____ than she’d expected. “I decided that if nobody was going to ____19____ me, I would just create a job for myself,” says Ursula. She was born and raised on a large family farm, so the ____20____ of an agriculture tourism business came naturally to her and began to ____21____. “I ____22____ the plan to my family, and asked if they could rent me a small 10 acres (英亩). They ____23____ at first, unwilling to take a risk, but I finally ____24____ to get the green light,” she says. Four years later, those beautiful 10 acres of fields had turned into 20 acres filled with over 400,000 sunflowers. “____25____, I had little confidence in the beginning,” says Ursula, "but the Sunflower Farm rose to fame and has become one of the most sought-after ____26____ in the province.” While many visitors have never been to a farm at all, ____27____ a sunflower farm, the unique setting allows them to ____28____ the city for a while, breathe in the fresh air, gain a newfound ____29____ for agriculture, and maybe even ____30____ with their farming roots and what they may have taken for granted for too long. 16. A. stories B. needs C. habits D. dreams 17. A. career B. degree C. hobby D. project 18. A. practical B. important C. difficult D. dangerous 19. A. invite B. notice C. hire D. cover 20. A. issue B. idea C. truth D. founder 21. A. gain ground B. take root C. work wonders D. raise concerns 22. A. proposed B. adapted C. preferred D. proved 23. A. apologized B. refused C. panicked D. regretted 24. A. pretended B. returned C. promised D. managed 25. A. Supposedly B. Admittedly C. Similarly D. Consequently 26. A. occupations B. solutions C. institutions D. destinations 27. A. let alone B. except for C. such as D. regardless of 28. A. miss B. leave C. seize D. tour 29. A. demand B. support C. appreciation D. excuse 30. A. deal B. part C. compete D. reconnect 第四部分：阅读理解 共20小题：每小题2分，满分40分。 A Popular Countries to Visit in 2024 Zimbabwe Zimbabwe is a country that travelers all over the world always talk about, not only because it is a friendly country, but also because it is one of Africa’s safest places. In Zimbabwe, you can visit many tourist attractions. For example, Big Five-filled national parks, forested mountains and the Victoria Falls. Here you can see African lions, African elephants, African buffaloes, African leopards, and rhinoceroses, which are called the big five animals. Jordan If you have a taste for adventure (冒险), you will certainly love Jordan, because there is a 650-km-long path in Jordan and you can have a 36-day hike here. There are several other places for people to visit, for example, the Rift Valley is the best place that attracts travelers fond of adventure to challenge. Besides, the Dead Sea is the lowest point on Earth, which can leave a deep impression on people. Indonesia From Sumatra to Papua, more than 17,000 islands make Indonesia a multicultural (多元文化的) country. On these islands, there are many kinds of tasty food, which could offer tourists good feelings and experiences. Thanks to heavy investment (投资) in new air, land and sea connections by the government, people from 169 countries can enter Indonesia with free visas (签证) . It has never been easier to explore this warm country. Belarus Belarus becomes more and more popular because of the relaxed visa requirements. There are lots of art exhibitions, cafes and local parties in Belarus. In its beautiful old towns, people can go to the fashionable bars and join the happy summer street parties. Minsk, the capital of Belarus, has been chosen as the host city for many global events and meetings. 2024 European Games is on the list. 31. Where will you go if you are interested in African animals? A. Zimbabwe. B. Jordan. C. Indonesia. D. Belarus. 32. In Jordan which is the biggest attraction for travelers who love adventure? A. The 650-km-long path. B. The 36-day hike. C. The Rift Valley. D. The Dead Sea. 33. What can we learn from the passage about Indonesia? A. Indonesia is one of the safest places in the world. B. Many foreigners can visit Indonesia with free visas. C. Indonesia is famous for its tasty food. D. More than 17, 000 cities form the warm country. 34. Why does Belarus’ popularity increase? A. Because the visa requirements have been less strict. B. Because there are lots of art exhibitions, cafes and local parties. C. Because people can get 30-day free visas. D. Because people can join the happy summer street parties. 35. Which country’s capital has become a center of global activities? A. Zimbabwe. B. Jordan. C. Indonesia. D. Belarus. B Phan Thi Kim Chi’s connection with Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) began at an early age. Growing up in a small village in Vietnam, it was inconvenient for Phan to travel to hospitals in neighboring cities. Whenever she caught a cold or experienced a headache as a child, her family would seek the help of a local TCM practitioner. This led her to major in TCM at a traditional medical school in China. According to Phan, even though TCM has long been commonly practiced and accepted in Vietnam, finding a good school to learn TCM in Vietnam is not easy. As a foreign student, Phan finds the TCM basic theory course to be the most challenging one in the courses. Being widespread and far-reaching, TCM is deeply connected with Chinese philosophy. It requires years of learning and practice to truly understand the concepts of yin and yang, harmony between human and nature, and the five elements of wood, fire, earth, metal, and water. Sometimes she even translates the TCM vocabulary and scripts into Vietnamese so she can remember and understand them better. Overseas students of TCM, like Phan, are not rare. According to a report, the total number of international students studying TCM in China was 8,187 last year, with the largest population of 6,441 coming from Asian countries, followed by 832 from Africa and 432 from Europe. Also, many Chinese medical universities had projects that sent professors overseas to teach TCM. The fast-developing situation of TCM is not limited to schools and clinics. It has also become a lifestyle choice for many young people. 36. Which of the following best explains “practitioner” underlined in Paragraph 1? A. visitor B. officer C. student D. doctor 37. How did Phan Thi Kim Chi find the TCM basic theory course? A. Confusing. B. Inspiring. C. Tough. D. Common. 38. Why are there many numbers mentioned in Paragraph 3? A. To attract more students. B. To prove the popularity of TCM. C. To show the difficulties of promoting TCM. D. To explain causes of students choosing TCM. 39. What does the last paragraph imply about the current development of TCM? A. It faces rejection from younger generations. B. It values commercial success over cultural value. C. It is mainly promoted through academic research. D. It has expanded beyond medical fields into daily life. 40. What is the best title for the text? A. Global Rise of TCM B. The Development of TCM C. The Hidden Power of TCM D. Promising Future of TCM C All animals take in oxygen from the air they breathe in, and release CO₂ from their blood when breathing out. Most mammals (哺乳动物) can’t directly detect oxygen levels in the blood supplied to their tissues. Instead, they rely on the rising level of CO₂ in their blood to signal that they might need to take a breath. But a recent study published in Science suggests seals (海豹) can sense the amount of oxygen in the blood, and change their diving behavior in response. To find out if oxygen levels affected seal behavior, Professor McKnight at the University of St. Andrews and his colleagues created a special section in a pool where young seals were held. In one corner, there was a breathing chamber (呼吸室), where they were sheltered from the rain and the wind. The breathing chamber was surrounded by panels that prevented surface swimming, yet swimming below the surface for about 200 feet would give the seals access to a feeder where they could eat as much fish as they liked. Once the seals got familiar with the setup, the researchers started to gradually change the composition of the air in the breathing chamber, increasing or reducing the levels of oxygen and CO₂ to see an effect on their behavior. Sure enough: the higher the level of oxygen, the longer the seals stayed at the feeder. The finding suggests that seals don’t just physically respond to oxygen levels by changing their heart rate or breathing, but that they are sufficiently aware of them to change their behavior. This ability would put seals in a class beyond any land mammals that have been tested. Since oxygen levels on land remain stable, humans don’t seem to have evolved (演化) to notice low blood oxygen levels, sometimes not even when they’re about to pass out in free-diving. Therefore, in free-diving without oxygen tanks, accidents are quite common. Our reliance on sensing CO₂ levels in our blood instead of oxygen may be to blame. Actually, this is a perfectly reasonable strategy on land, where growing CO₂ tends to signal breathing issues. But when holding our breath during diving, relying on CO₂ levels is risky, especially on repeated dives. Because every time we surface and breathe in, our sensitivity to CO₂ is decreased, even if its levels are already high, and this increases the chance that a person will, without awareness, pass out before they get to the surface. 41. What do most mammals rely on to determine when to take a breath? A. The growing amount of CO₂ in their blood. B. The rising level of oxygen in their lungs. C. The intensity of their physical activity. D. The blood supply to body tissues. 42. When would the seals stay at the feeder for a longer period of time? A. When they needed to take in more food at the feeder. B. When the oxygen level in the chamber grew higher. C. When they familiarized themselves with the setup. D. When the CO₂ level in the chamber was raised. 43. What results in humans’ inability to notice low oxygen levels in their blood? A. The unstable CO₂ levels in the air. B. Their lack of attention to breathing. C. The constant oxygen levels on land. D. Their functionally changeable heart rate. 44. Why do accidents often occur when divers go free-diving? A. Their breath cannot be held long enough. B. They cannot adjust the consumption of oxygen. C. They may fail to notice rising CO₂ levels soon enough. D. Their breathing organs stop working properly underwater. 45. Which statement is probably supported by McKnight’s seal research? A. Seals have evolved to survive in low oxygen environments. B. Seals are quick to sense oxygen levels and act accordingly. C. Seals can maintain their heart rate even with low blood oxygen levels. D. Seals are more sensitive to changes in the environment than other mammals. D The rich land of the Nile delta is being eroded (侵蚀) along Egypt’s Mediterranean coast at an astonishing rate, in some parts expected at 100 metres per year. In the past, land washed away from the coastline by the currents of the Mediterranean Sea used to be replaced by sediment (沉淀物) brought down to the delta by the River Nile, but this is no longer happening. Up to now, people have blamed this loss of delta land on the two large Aswan dams in the south of Egypt, which hold back almost all of the sediment that used to flow down the river. Before the dams were built, the Nile flowed freely carrying huge quantities of sediment. But when the Aswan dams were constructed to provide electricity and irrigation (灌溉) , and to protect the huge population centre of Cairo from annual flooding and drought, most of the sediment with its natural fertilizer built up above the dam in the southern upstream half of Lake Nasser, instead of passing down to the delta. Now, however, there turns out to be more to the story. It appears that the sediment-free water picks up sand as it erodes the river bed and banks on the 800-kilometre trip to Cairo. Daniel JeanStanley of the Smithsonian Institute noticed that water samples taken in Cairo showed that the river sometimes carries more than 850 grams of sediment per cubic metre of water-almost half of what it carried before the dams were built. International environmental organizations are beginning to pay closer attention to the region, partly because of the problems of erosion and pollution of the Nile delta, but mainly because they fear the impact this situation could have on the whole Mediterranean coastal ecosystem. But there are no easy solutions. In the immediate future, Stanley believes that one solution would be to make man-made floods to flush out the delta waterways in the same way that natural floods did before the construction of the dams. He says, however, that in the long term an alternative process such as desalination (脱盐) may have to be used to increase the amount of water available. 46. What stopped the sediment coming down to the delta? A. The Mediterranean Sea. B. The River Nile. C. The Aswan dams. D. Lake Nasser. 47. Why were the Aswan dams built? A. To wash out the river beds. B. To offer electricity and protection. C. To make the water in the River Nile clean. D. To keep the soil in the region nearby nutrient-rich. 48. What can we infer from the third paragraph? A. There is no need to worry about the delta. B. The methods of measurement need improving. C. Whether the situation is good or not remains to be seen. D. The dams’ consequences are beyond people's expectation. 49. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. Difficulties to be settled. B. Rewards for the challenge. C. Severe influence of the situation. D. Possible solutions to the problem. 50. What is the author’s attitude towards the problems of the Nile delta? A. Positive. B. Unclear. C. Concerned. D. Negative. 第五部分 基础 第一节 短语填空，每题1分，共10分。 选词填空 manage to do the other way round make it on the edge of one’s seat mistake…for common sense be glued to work around the clock a poor sense of direction stand-by mode raise one’s awareness of contribute to take…into account pick up in particular 51. Scientists are ________ to attack the virus. 52. A woman ________ him ________ a well-known actor, and asked him for his autograph. 53. The author explained people’s misunderstanding of sharks and intended to ________ shark protection. 54. Some believe that success depends on luck, but ________, hard work is the key. 55. When we turn off a device, such as television, it goes into ________. 56. The project will ________ developing the economy and reducing poverty when it is completed. 57. It may be fairly cheap to buy, but the money you’ll spend on the repair also needs to be ________. 58. As long as you have a dream, keep trying and you will ________. 59. Jackson ________ the football match program, so he didn’t hear the phone ringing. 60. It seems like ________: eating local food should be better for the environment. 第二节 句子翻译，每题2分，共10分 61. 我们写这封信是为了呼吁大家参加光盘行动。(汉译英) _____________________________________________________________ 62. 我通过摄影影响他人，尤其是涉及环境问题的时候。(汉译英) _____________________________________________________________ 63. 通过这种方法，京剧把小小的舞台转变成了浩瀚的宇宙。(汉译英) _____________________________________________________________ 64. 我们应该尊重不同文化和欣赏文化多元性，这有助于我们拓宽对世界的认知。(汉译英) _____________________________________________________________ 65. 如果你想看一场融合了音乐、演唱、戏剧、诗歌以及惊艳服饰的表演，《王子复仇记》再合适不过了。(汉译英) _____________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 天津市第一中学东丽学校2025—2026学年第二学期过程性诊断（1） 高一英语 本试卷满分120分，考试用时115分钟。 第一部分：听力（共两节，每小题1分，满分20分） 第一节：听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. What is troubling Sarah? A. Doing the cleaning. B. Giving the man a hand. C. Working out a maths problem. 2. What did Lucy do last weekend? A. She went bike riding. B. She watched a movie. C. She visited her grandfather. 3. Where can the boy get the book? A. On the library shelves. B. From his classmates. C. On the e-book app. 4. Why does the man talk to the woman? A. To ask for directions. B. To borrow her phone. C. To learn about the city. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. The weather. B. A clothing style. C. The weekend plan. 第二节：听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is wrong with Taylor? A. She forgot to book a table. B. She was late for a gathering. C. She went to the wrong restaurant. 7. What time is it now? A. 8:00 pm. B. 8:10 pm. C. 8:30 pm. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Why does Lisa prefer the Eurostar train? A. It is eco-friendly. B. It is cheaper. C. It is faster. 9. What will the woman do next? A. Book a hotel. B. Cook a meal. C. Check the train schedule. 10. What is the most probable relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Father and daughter. C. Husband and wife. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What is the girl doing? A. Introducing the required cameras. B. Inviting students to join the club. C. Recommending a photography course. 12. What will the girl’s group do this Saturday? A. Visit an exhibition. B. Have a weekly meeting. C. Attend a photography trip. 13. How can the boy apply to become a member? A. By sending an email by Friday. B. By making a formal phone call. C. By handing in a written application. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What kind of volunteer is in great need now? A. Dog walkers. B. Cat caregivers. C. Animal doctors. 15. What is the requirement for teenage volunteers? A. Having experience in animal care. B. Living near the animal shelter. C. Being an animal lover. 16. What is a big challenge of the rescue work? A. Taking better care of animals. B. Finding homes for older cats. C. Getting enough food supplies. 17. Who is the man? A. A radio host. B. A school teacher. C. A shelter manager 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What aroused the speaker’s interest in stamp collecting? A. A gift from his uncle. B. A visit to a museum. C. A trip to Brazil. 19. How did the speaker get the 1960s space exploration stamp? A. A friend exchanged it with him. B. Another collector gave it to him. C. He bought it at a secondhand store. 20. What does the speaker think of stamp collecting? A. It is popular among people. B. It requires patience and luck. C. It encourages connections and learning. 第二部分：单项填空共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分。 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 1. The children were ______, waiting to see if their team would win the competition. A. in their own right B. to their hearts’ content C. to some extent D. on the edge of their seats 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：孩子们都紧张地等着看他们的队伍是否会赢得比赛。A. in their own right凭其本身；B. to their hearts’ content尽情地；C. to some extent在某种程度上；D. on the edge of their seats极度紧张、兴奋地。根据句中“waiting to see if their team would win the competition”可知，孩子们都极度紧张地等着看他们的队伍是否会赢得比赛。故选D。 2. The teacher used simple examples to ______ her point ______ to the students. A. put on B. get across C. live up to D. die out 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：老师用简单的例子向学生阐明她的观点。A. put on穿上，举办；B. get across使……被理解，解释清楚；C. live up to不辜负；D. die out灭绝。根据“The teacher used simple examples”可知，老师用简单的例子是为了让学生理解她的观点，get across符合语境。故选B。 3. Kylian Mbappé has scored 8 goals in FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022, ________ millions of teenagers to play football. A. inspired B. inspiring C. to inspire D. being inspired 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：基利安·姆巴佩尔在2022年卡塔尔世界杯上打进8球，激励了数百万青少年踢足球。分析句子可知，该句已有谓语has，因此空处应使用非谓语在句中作状语。主语Kylian Mbappé和inspire(激励)之间是逻辑上的主动关系，因此需使用现在分词inspiring作状语。故选B。 4. Mike is still pleased with the house he bought _______ all the problems he’s had. A. without B. despite C. because of D. instead of 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查介词和介词短语辨析。句意：尽管有那么多问题，迈克仍然对他买的房子很满意。A. without没有；B. despite尽管；C. because of因为；D. instead of而不是。根据前文“Mike is still pleased with the house”以及后文“all the problems he’s had”可知，两者间是转折关系，应该用despite连接。故选B项。 5. ________ for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on time. A. To work B. Worked C. To be working D. Having worked 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：已经工作了两天，史蒂夫设法按时完成了报告。句子已经存在谓语managed，work需用非谓语，它和逻辑主语Steve之间呈主动关系，需用现在分词形式，且work这一动作发生在managed之前，先工作两天后，才完成报告，需用现在分词的完成式having done。故选D项。 6. All the students who have been working hard can ____________ pass the exam. A. incredibly B. definitely C. extremely D. ultimately 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：所有努力学习的学生都肯定能通过考试。A. incredibly难以置信地；B. definitely肯定；C. extremely及其，非常；D. ultimately最终。根据句意可知，努力学习的学生肯定能通过考试，“definitely”意为“肯定”，副词词性，作状语，符合语境。故选B项。 7. The non-profit organization is named after the researchers, ________ work has attracted public attention to environmental protection. A. whose B. who C. which D. when 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：该非营利组织以研究人员的名字命名，他们的工作引起了公众对环境保护的关注。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词researchers，结合语意，此处表示研究人员的工作，空处应用whose表示“……的”，作定语修饰名词work，使用whose引导从句。故选A项。 8. My uncle, along with his colleagues, an art exhibition in Beijing at this time, A. have attended B. has attended C. are attending D. is attending 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：我叔叔和他的同事们现在正在北京参加一个艺术展，分析句子结构，根据时间状语at this time可知，用现在进行时，当along with连接两个名词时，遵循就远原则，所以主句是My uncle，为第三人称单数。故选D项。 9. The company has ______a new production process aimed at reducing both costs and wastes. A. adopted B. acquired C. assumed D. adapted 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：该公司采纳了一项旨在降低成本和减少浪费的新生产工艺。A. adopted采用，采纳；B. acquired获得，购得；C. assumed 假定，承担；D. adapted适应，改编。由句意和aimed at reducing both costs and wastes可知，这里指公司“采用”了新工艺以实现目标。adopt最符合语境。故选A项。 10. The president’s _________ speech at the ceremony inspired the scientists to make greater contributions for the country. A. grateful B. previous C. dramatic D. original 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：总统在仪式上鼓舞人心的、激动人心的演讲激励着科学家们为国家做出更大的贡献。A. grateful感激的；B. previous先前的；C. dramatic激动人心的、戏剧性的；D. original原始的、最初的。由“inspired the scientists to make greater contributions for the country”可知，能够鼓舞人心、催人奋进的演讲应是富有感染力、激动人心的，用dramatic符合句意。 11. My first Senior High School year was ____________ by winning the first place in the 100-meter race at the school sports meet. A. established B. reduced C. highlighted D. removed 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在学校运动会上，我在100米赛跑中获得第一名，这突显了我高中的第一年。A. established建立；B. reduced减少；C. highlighted突显；D. removed去除。根据句意可知，我高中的第一年因为我在100米赛跑中获得第一名被突显出来，句子为一般过去时的被动语态，“highlighted”意为“highlight”的过去分词，意为“突显”，符合语境。故选C项。 12. Although first ________ almost 200 years ago, the novels of Charles Dickens have remained popular around the world, ________ a lasting legacy of vivid characters. A. publishing, leaving B. being published, having left C. published, leaving D. was published, left 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：尽管查尔斯·狄更斯的小说大约在 200 年前首次出版，但它们至今仍在全球范围内广受欢迎，并留下了生动人物形象的宝贵遗产。第一空为状语从句的省略，从句主语与主句主语the novels of Charles Dickens一致，且与动词publish构成被动关系，完整形式为Although they were first published...，省略they were后保留过去分词published作状语；第二空为非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语主语the novels of Charles Dickens与动词leave之间是主动关系，用现在分词leaving作状语。 13. The play _____________ next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture. A. produced B. to be produced C. being produced D. having been produced 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：下个月将上演的这部戏剧主要反映当地文化。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“aims”，故空格处应用非谓语动词，空格处应用不定式作后置定语，表示将要发生的动作，“play”和“produce”为被动关系，故应用不定式的被动语态“to be done”，“produce”的过去分词为“produced”，故空格处应用“to be produced”。故选B项。 14. I ________ a novel since last month, and I will finish it before the end of this month. A. wrote B. had written C. have been writing D. would write 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：自从上个月以来我一直在写一本小说，并且我将在本月底前完成它。根据时间状语“since last month”以及后半句“I will finish it before the end of this month”可知，写小说这个动作从上个月开始，一直持续到现在，并且还在进行中，因此应用现在完成进行时态，其结构为“have/has been doing”，主语为第一人称I，助动词用have。 15. ________ nearly all her spare time to community service during high school, Li Lei felt a deep sense of fulfillment when she received the volunteer award. A. Devoting B. Devoted C. Having devoted D. To devote 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：高中期间，李蕾几乎把所有的业余时间都投入到社区服务中，当她获得志愿者奖项时，她感到一种深深的成就感。此处为非谓语动词作状语，devote动作发生在主句谓语felt之前，且与主语Li Lei是主动关系，用现在分词的完成式Having devoted。故选C项。 第三部分：完型填空 共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分。 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Ursula has always called the beautiful small town of Beaverton her home. Although she’d had childhood ____16____ of exploring the world and studied international business with a desire to pursue a ____17____ in Toronto, finding a job proved more ____18____ than she’d expected. “I decided that if nobody was going to ____19____ me, I would just create a job for myself,” says Ursula. She was born and raised on a large family farm, so the ____20____ of an agriculture tourism business came naturally to her and began to ____21____. “I ____22____ the plan to my family, and asked if they could rent me a small 10 acres (英亩). They ____23____ at first, unwilling to take a risk, but I finally ____24____ to get the green light,” she says. Four years later, those beautiful 10 acres of fields had turned into 20 acres filled with over 400,000 sunflowers. “____25____, I had little confidence in the beginning,” says Ursula, "but the Sunflower Farm rose to fame and has become one of the most sought-after ____26____ in the province.” While many visitors have never been to a farm at all, ____27____ a sunflower farm, the unique setting allows them to ____28____ the city for a while, breathe in the fresh air, gain a newfound ____29____ for agriculture, and maybe even ____30____ with their farming roots and what they may have taken for granted for too long. 16. A. stories B. needs C. habits D. dreams 17. A. career B. degree C. hobby D. project 18. A. practical B. important C. difficult D. dangerous 19. A. invite B. notice C. hire D. cover 20. A. issue B. idea C. truth D. founder 21. A. gain ground B. take root C. work wonders D. raise concerns 22. A. proposed B. adapted C. preferred D. proved 23. A. apologized B. refused C. panicked D. regretted 24. A. pretended B. returned C. promised D. managed 25. A. Supposedly B. Admittedly C. Similarly D. Consequently 26. A. occupations B. solutions C. institutions D. destinations 27. A. let alone B. except for C. such as D. regardless of 28. A. miss B. leave C. seize D. tour 29. A. demand B. support C. appreciation D. excuse 30. A. deal B. part C. compete D. reconnect 【答案】16. D 17. A 18. C 19. C 20. B 21. B 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述厄休拉求职不顺后，结合农场成长背景萌生农业旅游创业想法，说服家人后创办向日葵农场，农场成名成热门目的地，还让游客感受农场魅力、重拾农耕联结。 【16题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然她儿时就有环游世界的梦想，还学习了国际商务，渴望在多伦多开创一番事业，但找工作的难度比她预想的要大得多。A. stories故事；B. needs需求；C. habits习惯；D. dreams梦想。根据后文“exploring the world and studied international business with a desire”以及语境可知，环游世界是她儿时的愿望。故选D项。 【17题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然她儿时就有环游世界的梦想，还学习了国际商务，渴望在多伦多开创一番事业，但找工作的难度比她预想的要大得多。A. career事业；B. degree学位；C. hobby爱好；D. project项目。根据前文“studied international business”和后文“finding a job”以及语境可知，她学专业、找工作都是为了开创职业发展。故选A项。 【18题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然她儿时就有环游世界的梦想，还学习了国际商务，渴望在多伦多开创一番事业，但找工作的难度比她预想的要大得多。A. practical实际的；B. important重要的；C. difficult困难的；D. dangerous危险的。根据后文“I would just create a job for myself”中她决定自己创业的举动可知，这里指找工作并不顺利。故选C项。 【19题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：厄休拉说：“我决定，如果没人雇我，我就自己给自己创造一份工作。”A. invite邀请；B. notice注意到；C. hire雇佣；D. cover覆盖。根据前文“finding a job proved more ”和后文“create a job for myself”可知，她因没人雇佣才选择创业。故选C项。 【20题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她在一个大型家庭农场出生长大，所以创办农业旅游生意的想法自然而然地出现在她脑海中，并开始生根发芽。A. issue问题；B. idea想法；C. truth真相；D. founder创始人。根据后文“of an agriculture tourism business”并结合她的农场成长背景和创业的决定可知，创办农业旅游生意是她产生的创业想法。故选B项。 【21题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：她在一个大型家庭农场出生长大，所以创办农业旅游生意的想法自然而然地出现在她脑海中，并开始生根发芽。A. gain ground发展；B. take root生根发芽；C. work wonders创造奇迹；D. raise concerns引发担忧。根据前文“came naturally to her and began to”以及语境可知，这里指创业想法从产生到逐步推进，像种子一样生根发芽。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说：“我向家人提出了这个计划，问他们能不能租给我10英亩小地块。”A. proposed提出；B. adapted适应；C. preferred偏爱；D. proved证明。根据后文“asked if they could rent me a small 10 acres”可知，这里指她先向家人提出了自己的创业计划。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“他们一开始拒绝了，不愿冒险，但我最终还是设法得到了许可。”A. apologized道歉；B. refused拒绝；C. panicked惊慌；D. regretted后悔。根据后文“unwilling to take a risk”和“but I finally get the green light”的转折可知，家人最初是拒绝的。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“他们一开始拒绝了，不愿冒险，但我最终还是设法得到了许可。”A. pretended假装；B. returned返回；C. promised承诺；D. managed设法做到。根据前文“unwilling to take a risk, but I finally”可知，这里指作者最终还是设法得到了许可，manage to do sth，是固定搭配，意为“设法做成某事”，契合她最终获得家人同意的结果。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：厄休拉说：“诚然，一开始我没什么信心，但这片向日葵农场一举成名，成了该省最受欢迎的目的地之一。”A. Supposedly据称；B. Admittedly诚然；C. Similarly类似地；D. Consequently因此。根据后文“but the Sunflower Farm rose to fame”的转折可知，此处是她承认自己最初的心态。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：厄休拉说：“诚然，一开始我没什么信心，但这片向日葵农场一举成名，成了该省最受欢迎的目的地之一。”A. occupations职业；B. solutions解决办法；C. institutions机构；D. destinations目的地。根据前文“the Sunflower Farm rose to fame”以及语境可知，这里指农场出名了，现在是游客前往游玩的目的地。故选D项。 【27题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：虽然很多游客根本没去过农场，更不用说向日葵农场了，但这个独特的地方能让他们暂时离开城市，呼吸新鲜空气，能对农业产生新的欣赏之情，甚至可能重新连接上自己的农耕根源，以及那些被他们长久视作理所当然的东西。A. let alone更不用说；B. except for除了；C. such as例如；D. regardless of不管。根据“never been to a farm at all”和“a sunflower farm”的递进关系可知，游客连普通农场都没去过，更不用说向日葵农场。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然很多游客根本没去过农场，更不用说向日葵农场了，但这个独特的地方能让他们暂时离开城市，呼吸新鲜空气，能对农业产生新的欣赏之情，甚至可能重新连接上自己的农耕根源，以及那些被他们长久视作理所当然的东西。A. miss想念；B. leave离开；C. seize抓住；D. tour游览。根据后文“the city for a while”以及语境可知，游客来到农场，就是暂时离开城市的生活。故选B项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然很多游客根本没去过农场，更不用说向日葵农场了，但这个独特的地方能让他们暂时离开城市，呼吸新鲜空气，能对农业产生新的欣赏之情，甚至可能重新连接上自己的农耕根源，以及那些被他们长久视作理所当然的东西。A. demand需求；B. support支持；C. appreciation欣赏、感激；D. excuse借口。根据前文“breathe in the fresh air, gain a newfound ”以及语境可知，游客在农场体验后，会对农业产生新的认识和欣赏。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然很多游客根本没去过农场，更不用说向日葵农场了，但这个独特的地方能让他们暂时离开城市，呼吸新鲜空气，能对农业产生新的欣赏之情，甚至可能重新连接上自己的农耕根源，以及那些被他们长久视作理所当然的东西。A. deal处理；B. part分开；C. compete竞争；D. reconnect重新连接。根据后文“with their farming roots”以及语境可知，这里指游客可能重新连接上自己的农耕根源，reconnect with是固定搭配，意为“与……重新连接”，契合游客在农场体验中找回农耕根源的语境。故选D项。 第四部分：阅读理解 共20小题：每小题2分，满分40分。 A Popular Countries to Visit in 2024 Zimbabwe Zimbabwe is a country that travelers all over the world always talk about, not only because it is a friendly country, but also because it is one of Africa’s safest places. In Zimbabwe, you can visit many tourist attractions. For example, Big Five-filled national parks, forested mountains and the Victoria Falls. Here you can see African lions, African elephants, African buffaloes, African leopards, and rhinoceroses, which are called the big five animals. Jordan If you have a taste for adventure (冒险), you will certainly love Jordan, because there is a 650-km-long path in Jordan and you can have a 36-day hike here. There are several other places for people to visit, for example, the Rift Valley is the best place that attracts travelers fond of adventure to challenge. Besides, the Dead Sea is the lowest point on Earth, which can leave a deep impression on people. Indonesia From Sumatra to Papua, more than 17,000 islands make Indonesia a multicultural (多元文化的) country. On these islands, there are many kinds of tasty food, which could offer tourists good feelings and experiences. Thanks to heavy investment (投资) in new air, land and sea connections by the government, people from 169 countries can enter Indonesia with free visas (签证) . It has never been easier to explore this warm country. Belarus Belarus becomes more and more popular because of the relaxed visa requirements. There are lots of art exhibitions, cafes and local parties in Belarus. In its beautiful old towns, people can go to the fashionable bars and join the happy summer street parties. Minsk, the capital of Belarus, has been chosen as the host city for many global events and meetings. 2024 European Games is on the list. 31. Where will you go if you are interested in African animals? A. Zimbabwe. B. Jordan. C. Indonesia. D. Belarus. 32. In Jordan which is the biggest attraction for travelers who love adventure? A. The 650-km-long path. B. The 36-day hike. C. The Rift Valley. D. The Dead Sea. 33. What can we learn from the passage about Indonesia? A. Indonesia is one of the safest places in the world. B. Many foreigners can visit Indonesia with free visas. C. Indonesia is famous for its tasty food. D. More than 17, 000 cities form the warm country. 34. Why does Belarus’ popularity increase? A. Because the visa requirements have been less strict. B. Because there are lots of art exhibitions, cafes and local parties. C. Because people can get 30-day free visas. D. Because people can join the happy summer street parties. 35. Which country’s capital has become a center of global activities? A. Zimbabwe. B. Jordan. C. Indonesia. D. Belarus. 【答案】31. A 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了2024年受欢迎的旅游国家。包括津巴布韦、约旦、印度尼西亚和白俄罗斯。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据Zimbabwe部分中“Here you can see African lions, African elephants, African buffaloes, African leopards, and rhinoceroses, which are called the big five animals.(在这里你可以看到非洲狮、非洲象、非洲水牛、非洲豹和犀牛，它们被称为非洲五大动物。)”可知，津巴布韦是一个对旅行者友好且安全的国家，有丰富的野生动物，包括被称为“五大”的非洲狮子、大象、水牛、豹和犀牛。所以如果你对非洲动物感兴趣可以去津巴布韦。故选A。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据Jordan部分中“There are several other places for people to visit, for example, the Rift Valley is the best place that attracts travelers fond of adventure to challenge.(还有其他几个地方可供人们参观，例如，裂谷是吸引喜欢冒险挑战的旅行者的最佳地方。)”可知，约旦的裂谷是吸引喜欢冒险的旅行者的最佳地点。故选C。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据Indonesia部分中“Thanks to heavy investment(投资) in new air, land and sea connections by the government, people from 169 countries can enter Indonesia with free visas(签证) (由于印尼政府在新的空中、陆地和海上交通方面的大量投资，来自169个国家的人可以免签进入印尼。)”可知，印尼政府在新的空中、陆地和海上交通连接上投入巨大，来自169个国家的人可以免费获得签证，方便游客探索这个温暖的国家。故选B。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据Belarus部分中“Belarus becomes more and more popular because of the relaxed visa requirements. (由于签证要求放宽，白俄罗斯越来越受欢迎。)”可知，白俄罗斯因为签证要求放宽而越来越受欢迎。故选A。 【35题详解】 细节理解题。根据Belarus部分中“Minsk, the capital of Belarus, has been chosen as the host city for many global events and meetings. 2024 European Games is on the list.( 白俄罗斯首都明斯克被选为许多国际活动和会议的主办城市。2024年欧洲运动会在名单上。)”可知，白俄罗斯的首都明斯克被选为许多全球活动和会议的主办城市，包括2024年欧洲运动会即白俄罗斯的首都已经成为全球活动的中心。故选D。 B Phan Thi Kim Chi’s connection with Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) began at an early age. Growing up in a small village in Vietnam, it was inconvenient for Phan to travel to hospitals in neighboring cities. Whenever she caught a cold or experienced a headache as a child, her family would seek the help of a local TCM practitioner. This led her to major in TCM at a traditional medical school in China. According to Phan, even though TCM has long been commonly practiced and accepted in Vietnam, finding a good school to learn TCM in Vietnam is not easy. As a foreign student, Phan finds the TCM basic theory course to be the most challenging one in the courses. Being widespread and far-reaching, TCM is deeply connected with Chinese philosophy. It requires years of learning and practice to truly understand the concepts of yin and yang, harmony between human and nature, and the five elements of wood, fire, earth, metal, and water. Sometimes she even translates the TCM vocabulary and scripts into Vietnamese so she can remember and understand them better. Overseas students of TCM, like Phan, are not rare. According to a report, the total number of international students studying TCM in China was 8,187 last year, with the largest population of 6,441 coming from Asian countries, followed by 832 from Africa and 432 from Europe. Also, many Chinese medical universities had projects that sent professors overseas to teach TCM. The fast-developing situation of TCM is not limited to schools and clinics. It has also become a lifestyle choice for many young people. 36. Which of the following best explains “practitioner” underlined in Paragraph 1? A. visitor B. officer C. student D. doctor 37. How did Phan Thi Kim Chi find the TCM basic theory course? A. Confusing. B. Inspiring. C. Tough. D. Common. 38. Why are there many numbers mentioned in Paragraph 3? A. To attract more students. B. To prove the popularity of TCM. C. To show the difficulties of promoting TCM. D. To explain causes of students choosing TCM. 39. What does the last paragraph imply about the current development of TCM? A. It faces rejection from younger generations. B. It values commercial success over cultural value. C. It is mainly promoted through academic research. D. It has expanded beyond medical fields into daily life. 40. What is the best title for the text? A. Global Rise of TCM B. The Development of TCM C. The Hidden Power of TCM D. Promising Future of TCM 【答案】36. D 37. C 38. B 39. D 40. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中医在国际上的发展情况，通过越南学生Phan学习中医的经历，展示了中医在海外的受欢迎程度，以及其从医疗领域向生活方式的拓展。 【36题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段中“Whenever she caught a cold or experienced a headache as a child, her family would seek the help of a local TCM practitioner. (小时候，每当她感冒或头痛时，她的家人都会向当地的中医practitioner求助。)”可知，当Phan生病时，她的家人会寻求当地中医从业者的帮助，由此可推知，practitioner在这里指的是“医生”。故选D项。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“As a foreign student, Phan finds the TCM basic theory course to be the most challenging one in the courses. (作为一名外国学生，Phan发现中医基础理论课程是所有课程中最具挑战性的。)”可知，Phan认为中医基础理论课程是最具挑战性的，即“困难的”。故选C项。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“According to a report, the total number of international students studying TCM in China was 8,187 last year, with the largest population of 6,441 coming from Asian countries, followed by 832 from Africa and 432 from Europe. (根据一份报告，去年在中国学习中医的国际学生总数为8,187人，其中来自亚洲国家的学生人数最多，为6,441人，其次是来自非洲的832人和来自欧洲的432人。)”以及“Also, many Chinese medical universities had projects that sent professors overseas to teach TCM. (此外，许多中国医科大学还有派遣教授到海外教授中医的项目。)”可知，提到这些数据旨在证明中医在国际上的受欢迎程度。故选B项。 【39题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The fast-developing situation of TCM is not limited to schools and clinics. It has also become a lifestyle choice for many young people. (中医的快速发展不仅限于学校和诊所。它也成为许多年轻人的生活方式选择。)”可知，中医的发展已经超越了医疗领域，进入了人们的日常生活。故选D项。 【40题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章通过Phan的经历引出中医在海外的学习情况，用数据说明其国际影响力，并提到其向生活领域的拓展，核心是中医在全球的兴起，因此A项“Global Rise of TCM (中医在全球的兴起)”最符合文章主旨，适宜作为标题使用。故选A项。 C All animals take in oxygen from the air they breathe in, and release CO₂ from their blood when breathing out. Most mammals (哺乳动物) can’t directly detect oxygen levels in the blood supplied to their tissues. Instead, they rely on the rising level of CO₂ in their blood to signal that they might need to take a breath. But a recent study published in Science suggests seals (海豹) can sense the amount of oxygen in the blood, and change their diving behavior in response. To find out if oxygen levels affected seal behavior, Professor McKnight at the University of St. Andrews and his colleagues created a special section in a pool where young seals were held. In one corner, there was a breathing chamber (呼吸室), where they were sheltered from the rain and the wind. The breathing chamber was surrounded by panels that prevented surface swimming, yet swimming below the surface for about 200 feet would give the seals access to a feeder where they could eat as much fish as they liked. Once the seals got familiar with the setup, the researchers started to gradually change the composition of the air in the breathing chamber, increasing or reducing the levels of oxygen and CO₂ to see an effect on their behavior. Sure enough: the higher the level of oxygen, the longer the seals stayed at the feeder. The finding suggests that seals don’t just physically respond to oxygen levels by changing their heart rate or breathing, but that they are sufficiently aware of them to change their behavior. This ability would put seals in a class beyond any land mammals that have been tested. Since oxygen levels on land remain stable, humans don’t seem to have evolved (演化) to notice low blood oxygen levels, sometimes not even when they’re about to pass out in free-diving. Therefore, in free-diving without oxygen tanks, accidents are quite common. Our reliance on sensing CO₂ levels in our blood instead of oxygen may be to blame. Actually, this is a perfectly reasonable strategy on land, where growing CO₂ tends to signal breathing issues. But when holding our breath during diving, relying on CO₂ levels is risky, especially on repeated dives. Because every time we surface and breathe in, our sensitivity to CO₂ is decreased, even if its levels are already high, and this increases the chance that a person will, without awareness, pass out before they get to the surface. 41. What do most mammals rely on to determine when to take a breath? A. The growing amount of CO₂ in their blood. B. The rising level of oxygen in their lungs. C. The intensity of their physical activity. D. The blood supply to body tissues. 42. When would the seals stay at the feeder for a longer period of time? A. When they needed to take in more food at the feeder. B. When the oxygen level in the chamber grew higher. C. When they familiarized themselves with the setup. D. When the CO₂ level in the chamber was raised. 43. What results in humans’ inability to notice low oxygen levels in their blood? A. The unstable CO₂ levels in the air. B. Their lack of attention to breathing. C. The constant oxygen levels on land. D. Their functionally changeable heart rate. 44. Why do accidents often occur when divers go free-diving? A. Their breath cannot be held long enough. B. They cannot adjust the consumption of oxygen. C. They may fail to notice rising CO₂ levels soon enough. D. Their breathing organs stop working properly underwater. 45. Which statement is probably supported by McKnight’s seal research? A. Seals have evolved to survive in low oxygen environments. B. Seals are quick to sense oxygen levels and act accordingly. C. Seals can maintain their heart rate even with low blood oxygen levels. D. Seals are more sensitive to changes in the environment than other mammals. 【答案】41. A 42. B 43. C 44. C 45. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了海豹能感知血液中氧气量并据此改变潜水行为，人类则因陆地氧气稳定未演化出此能力。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Most mammals (哺乳动物) can’t directly detect oxygen levels in the blood supplied to their tissues. Instead, they rely on the rising level of CO₂ in their blood to signal that they might need to take a breath.(大多数哺乳动物不能直接检测供应给组织的血液中的氧气水平。相反，它们依靠血液中二氧化碳水平的上升来发出可能需要呼吸的信号)”可知，大多数哺乳动物依靠血液中二氧化碳含量的上升来判断何时呼吸。故选A。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Once the seals got familiar with the setup, the researchers started to gradually change the composition of the air in the breathing chamber, increasing or reducing the levels of oxygen and CO₂ to see an effect on their behavior. Sure enough: the higher the level of oxygen, the longer the seals stayed at the feeder.(一旦海豹熟悉了这种设置，研究人员开始逐渐改变呼吸室中空气的成分，增加或减少氧气和二氧化碳的水平，以观察对其行为的影响。果然如此：氧气水平越高，海豹在喂食器停留的时间就越长)”可知，当呼吸室中的氧气水平升高时，海豹会在喂食器停留更长时间。故选B。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Since oxygen levels on land remain stable, humans don’t seem to have evolved (演化) to notice low blood oxygen levels, sometimes not even when they’ re about to pass out in free-diving.(由于陆地上的氧气水平保持稳定，人类似乎没有进化出注意到血液中低氧水平的能力，有时甚至在自由潜水即将昏倒时也没有)”可知，人类无法察觉血液中低氧水平是因为陆地上氧气水平稳定。故选C。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Because every time we surface and breathe in, our sensitivity to CO₂ is decreased, even if its levels are already high, and this increases the chance that a person will, without awareness, pass out before they get to the surface.(因为每次我们浮出水面吸气时，我们对二氧化碳的敏感性都会降低，即使其水平已经很高，这也会增加一个人在浮出水面之前无意识地昏倒的可能性)”可知，潜水员在自由潜水时经常发生事故是因为他们可能没有及时注意到二氧化碳水平的上升。故选C。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“But a recent study published in Science suggests seals (海豹) can sense the amount of oxygen in the blood,and change their diving behavior in response.(但最近发表在《科学》杂志上的一项研究表明，海豹可以感知血液中的氧气量，并相应地改变它们的潜水行为)”和第四段中“The finding suggests that seals don’t just physically respond to oxygen levels by changing their heart rate or breathing, but that they are sufficiently aware of them to change their behavior.(这一发现表明，海豹不仅仅是通过改变心率或呼吸来对氧气水平做出身体反应，而是它们对氧气水平有足够的意识来改变它们的行为)”可知，McKnight的海豹研究表明，海豹能迅速感知氧气水平并据此采取行动。故选B。 D The rich land of the Nile delta is being eroded (侵蚀) along Egypt’s Mediterranean coast at an astonishing rate, in some parts expected at 100 metres per year. In the past, land washed away from the coastline by the currents of the Mediterranean Sea used to be replaced by sediment (沉淀物) brought down to the delta by the River Nile, but this is no longer happening. Up to now, people have blamed this loss of delta land on the two large Aswan dams in the south of Egypt, which hold back almost all of the sediment that used to flow down the river. Before the dams were built, the Nile flowed freely carrying huge quantities of sediment. But when the Aswan dams were constructed to provide electricity and irrigation (灌溉) , and to protect the huge population centre of Cairo from annual flooding and drought, most of the sediment with its natural fertilizer built up above the dam in the southern upstream half of Lake Nasser, instead of passing down to the delta. Now, however, there turns out to be more to the story. It appears that the sediment-free water picks up sand as it erodes the river bed and banks on the 800-kilometre trip to Cairo. Daniel JeanStanley of the Smithsonian Institute noticed that water samples taken in Cairo showed that the river sometimes carries more than 850 grams of sediment per cubic metre of water-almost half of what it carried before the dams were built. International environmental organizations are beginning to pay closer attention to the region, partly because of the problems of erosion and pollution of the Nile delta, but mainly because they fear the impact this situation could have on the whole Mediterranean coastal ecosystem. But there are no easy solutions. In the immediate future, Stanley believes that one solution would be to make man-made floods to flush out the delta waterways in the same way that natural floods did before the construction of the dams. He says, however, that in the long term an alternative process such as desalination (脱盐) may have to be used to increase the amount of water available. 46. What stopped the sediment coming down to the delta? A. The Mediterranean Sea. B. The River Nile. C. The Aswan dams. D. Lake Nasser. 47. Why were the Aswan dams built? A. To wash out the river beds. B. To offer electricity and protection. C. To make the water in the River Nile clean. D. To keep the soil in the region nearby nutrient-rich. 48. What can we infer from the third paragraph? A. There is no need to worry about the delta. B. The methods of measurement need improving. C. Whether the situation is good or not remains to be seen. D. The dams’ consequences are beyond people's expectation. 49. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. Difficulties to be settled. B. Rewards for the challenge. C. Severe influence of the situation. D. Possible solutions to the problem. 50. What is the author’s attitude towards the problems of the Nile delta? A. Positive. B. Unclear. C. Concerned. D. Negative. 【答案】46. C 47. B 48. D 49. D 50. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了埃及尼罗河三角洲土地正以惊人的速度被侵蚀的问题。过去人们认为阿斯旺大坝拦截了河流带来的泥沙是主要原因，但最新研究发现情况更为复杂。文章还提到了国际环保组织的关注以及专家提出的可能解决方案，反映了作者对这一环境问题的关切态度。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Up to now, people have blamed this loss of delta land on the two large Aswan dams in the south of Egypt, which hold back almost all of the sediment that used to flow down the river. (到目前为止，人们把三角洲土地流失归咎于埃及南部的两座大型阿斯旺大坝，它们拦截了几乎所有原本顺流而下的泥沙。)”可知，是阿斯旺大坝阻止了泥沙到达三角洲。故选C项。 【47题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“But when the Aswan dams were constructed to provide electricity and irrigation (灌溉) , and to protect the huge population centre of Cairo from annual flooding and drought, most of the sediment with its natural fertilizer built up above the dam in the southern upstream half of Lake Nasser, instead of passing down to the delta.(但是，当阿斯旺大坝被修建起来用于发电和灌溉，并保护开罗这个庞大的人口中心免受每年洪水与干旱之害时，携带着天然肥料的大部分泥沙并未流向三角洲，而是淤积在了纳赛尔湖上游南半部的坝区上方。)”可知，阿斯旺大坝的建设目的是提供电力和保护。故选B项。 【48题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Now, however, there turns out to be more to the story. It appears that the sediment-free water picks up sand as it erodes the river bed and banks on the 800-kilometre trip to Cairo. Daniel JeanStanley of the Smithsonian Institute noticed that water samples taken in Cairo showed that the river sometimes carries more than 850 grams of sediment per cubic metre of water-almost half of what it carried before the dams were built. (然而如今，事情似乎另有隐情。原来，在流向开罗的800公里行程中，不含泥沙的河水不断侵蚀河床与河岸，反而卷走了沙粒。史密森学会的丹尼尔·让·斯坦利发现，取自开罗的水样显示，如今每立方米河水有时竟携带超过850克的泥沙——几乎相当于建坝前的半数含量。)”可知，过去人们认为大坝完全阻断了泥沙输送，但现在发现河流在流经过程中仍能携带一定量的泥沙，这说明大坝带来的后果比人们原先预想的更复杂，超出了最初的预期。故选D项。 【49题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“But there are no easy solutions. In the immediate future, Stanley believes that one solution would be to make man-made floods to flush out the delta waterways in the same way that natural floods did before the construction of the dams. He says, however, that in the long term an alternative process such as desalination (脱盐) may have to be used to increase the amount of water available. (但目前并无易行的解决方案。斯坦利认为，就眼前而言，可行方案之一是人为制造洪水，像建坝前的自然洪水那样冲刷三角洲水道；然而他也指出，从长远看，可能需要采用脱盐等替代技术来增加可用水量。)”可知，最后一段提到Stanley认为短期内可以通过人工洪水冲刷三角洲水道，长期可能需要使用脱盐等替代方法来增加可用水量，这些内容都是在讨论解决尼罗河三角洲问题的可能方案。故本段主要讲述的是问题的可能解决方案。故选D项。 【50题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“The rich land of the Nile delta is being eroded (侵蚀) along Egypt’s Mediterranean coast at an astonishing rate, in some parts expected at 100 metres per year. In the past, land washed away from the coastline by the currents of the Mediterranean Sea used to be replaced by sediment (沉淀物) brought down to the delta by the River Nile, but this is no longer happening. (尼罗河三角洲肥沃的土地正沿着埃及地中海沿岸以惊人的速度遭受侵蚀，某些区域的预计侵蚀速度高达每年100米。过去，被地中海洋流冲走的海岸土地本该由尼罗河携至三角洲的泥沙来补充，但如今这一自然补给过程已不复存在。)”、倒数第二段“International environmental organizations are beginning to pay closer attention to the region, partly because of the problems of erosion and pollution of the Nile delta, but mainly because they fear the impact this situation could have on the whole Mediterranean coastal ecosystem. (国际环保组织正开始对该地区给予更密切的关注——部分原因在于尼罗河三角洲面临的侵蚀与污染问题，但主要源于他们对这一状况可能冲击整个地中海沿岸生态系统的担忧。)”以及最后一段“But there are no easy solutions. In the immediate future, Stanley believes that one solution would be to make man-made floods to flush out the delta waterways in the same way that natural floods did before the construction of the dams. He says, however, that in the long term an alternative process such as desalination (脱盐) may have to be used to increase the amount of water available. (但目前并无易行的解决方案。斯坦利认为，就眼前而言，可行方案之一是人为制造洪水，像建坝前的自然洪水那样冲刷三角洲水道；然而他也指出，从长远看，可能需要采用脱盐等替代技术来增加可用水量。)”可知，文章描述了尼罗河三角洲严重的侵蚀问题，提到国际环保组织的关注，并讨论了解决方案的紧迫性，整体语气体现出作者对环境问题的担忧和关切。因此，作者的态度是“Concerned (关切的)”。故选C项。 第五部分 基础 第一节 短语填空，每题1分，共10分。 选词填空 manage to do the other way round make it on the edge of one’s seat mistake…for common sense be glued to work around the clock a poor sense of direction stand-by mode raise one’s awareness of contribute to take…into account pick up in particular 51. Scientists are ________ to attack the virus. 52. A woman ________ him ________ a well-known actor, and asked him for his autograph. 53. The author explained people’s misunderstanding of sharks and intended to ________ shark protection. 54. Some believe that success depends on luck, but ________, hard work is the key. 55. When we turn off a device, such as television, it goes into ________. 56. The project will ________ developing the economy and reducing poverty when it is completed. 57. It may be fairly cheap to buy, but the money you’ll spend on the repair also needs to be ________. 58. As long as you have a dream, keep trying and you will ________. 59. Jackson ________ the football match program, so he didn’t hear the phone ringing. 60. It seems like ________: eating local food should be better for the environment. 【答案】51. working around the clock 52. ①. mistook ②. for 53. raise people’s awareness of 54. the other way round 55. stand-by mode 56. contribute to 57. taken into account 58. make it 59. was glued to 60. common sense 【解析】 【51题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：科学家们正夜以继日地工作以攻克这种病毒。根据句意及“to attack the virus”可知，空处应表达“夜以继日地工作、不眠不休地工作”，work around the clock意为“夜以继日地工作，昼夜不停”，符合语境。主语是复数，且表示现阶段正在进行的状态，用现在进行时。 【52题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：一位女士把他错当成了一位著名演员，并向他要了签名。根据句意及“a well-known actor, and asked him for his autograph”可知，空处应表达“把……错当成”，mistake…for意为“把……错当成”，符合语境。描述过去事件，用一般过去时。 【53题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：作者解释了人们对鲨鱼的误解，并意图提高人们对鲨鱼保护的意识。根据句意及“intended to”和“shark protection”可知，空处应表达“提高……的意识”，raise one’s awareness of意为“提高……的意识”，符合语境，intended to后接动词原形。此处指提高人们的意识，用复数形式people’s。 【54题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：有些人认为成功取决于运气，但事实正相反，努力才是关键。根据句意及“success depends on luck, but”和“hard work is the key”可知，空处应表达“相反地、反过来”，the other way round意为“相反地，倒过来”，符合语境，在句中作状语。 【55题详解】 考查名词短语。句意：当我们关掉一个设备，比如电视机时，它会进入待机模式。根据句意及“When we turn off a device”和“it goes into”可知，空处应表达“待机模式”，stand-by mode意为“待机模式”，符合语境，作介词into的宾语。 【56题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：该项目完工后，将有助于经济发展和减少贫困。根据句意及“will”和“developing the economy and reducing poverty”可知，空处应表达“有助于、促进”，contribute to意为“有助于，促成”，符合语境，will后接动词原形。 【57题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：它的购买价格可能相当便宜，但你在维修上将要花费的钱也需要被考虑进去。根据句意及“but the money you’ll spend on the repair also needs to be”可知，空处应表达“被考虑、被纳入考虑”，take…into account意为“将……考虑在内”，符合语境，逻辑主语money与take...into account为被动关系，此处用不定式的被动式to be done。 【58题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：只要你心怀梦想，不断尝试，你就会成功。根据句意及“keep trying and you will”可知，空处应表达“成功、达到目标”，make it意为“成功，做到”，符合语境，will后接动词原形。 【59题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：杰克逊当时全神贯注地看足球比赛节目，所以没有听到电话响。根据句意及“the football match program, so he didn’t hear the phone ringing”可知，空处应表达“全神贯注地看、被牢牢吸引”，be glued to意为“全神贯注地看，被……吸引”，符合语境。描述过去事件，用一般过去时，主语Jackson是第三人称单数，be用was。 【60题详解】 考查名词短语。句意：这似乎是常识：食用本地食物应该对环境更有利。根据句意及“eating local food should be better for the environment”可知，空处应表达“常识、常理”，common sense意为“常识”，符合语境，在句中作表语。 第二节 句子翻译，每题2分，共10分 61. 我们写这封信是为了呼吁大家参加光盘行动。(汉译英) _____________________________________________________________ 【答案】 We are writing this letter to call on everyone to take part in the “Clear Your Plate” Campaign. 【解析】 【详解】根据句意，该句描述正在进行的动作，句子现在进行时。“我们写这封信”译为We are writing this letter，其中“我们”是We作主语，“写这封信”用现在进行时are writing this letter；表示“呼吁”译为call on，“大家”译为everyone作宾语，“参加”译为take part in，“光盘行动”译为the“Clear Your Plate”Campaign作宾语，“是为了呼吁大家参加”表目的，用不定式to call on everyone to take part in。 62. 我通过摄影影响他人，尤其是涉及环境问题的时候。(汉译英) _____________________________________________________________ 【答案】I use my photography to make an impact on people, especially when it comes to environmental issues. 【解析】 【详解】句子陈述个人常态行为，属于客观事实表述，用一般现在时；“通过摄影影响他人”用use sth. to do sth.结构，“摄影”译为photography，“影响他人”译为make an impact on people；“尤其是”使用强调副词especially，“涉及……的时候”使用固定句型when it comes to，该结构不需要随主语变化形式，后直接接名词短语“环境问题”environmental issues。 63. 通过这种方法，京剧把小小的舞台转变成了浩瀚的宇宙。(汉译英) _____________________________________________________________ 【答案】By this means, Peking Opera has turned the small stage into a vast universe. 【解析】 【详解】“通过这种方法”译为by this means，作状语，“京剧”译为Peking Opera，“把……转变成”使用动词短语turn...into...，“小小的舞台”译为small stage，使用定冠词，表特指，“浩瀚的宇宙”译为vast universe，使用不定冠词，表泛指，句子强调转变的最终效果，可以用现在完成时。 64. 我们应该尊重不同文化和欣赏文化多元性，这有助于我们拓宽对世界的认知。(汉译英) _____________________________________________________________ 【答案】 We should respect different cultures and appreciate cultural diversity, which helps us broaden our understanding of the world. 【解析】 【详解】“尊重”表达为动词respect，“不同文化”表达为different cultures，“欣赏文化多元性”表达为appreciate cultural diversity。情态动词should表示“应该”，后接动词原形，因此“我们应该尊重不同文化和欣赏文化多元性”译为We should respect different cultures and appreciate cultural diversity。“这”指代前面整个主句的内容，用非限制性定语从句，关系代词which在从句中作主语。“有助于我们做某事”表达为helps us do sth.。“拓宽对世界的认知”表达为broaden our understanding of the world。因此“这有助于我们拓宽对世界的认知”译为which helps us broaden our understanding of the world。整句陈述一般性事实，主句和定语从句均用一般现在时。 65. 如果你想看一场融合了音乐、演唱、戏剧、诗歌以及惊艳服饰的表演，《王子复仇记》再合适不过了。(汉译英) _____________________________________________________________ 【答案】 If you want to watch a performance that combines music, singing, drama, poetry and stunning costumes, Hamlet couldn’t be better. 【解析】 【详解】《王子复仇记》是莎士比亚戏剧《哈姆雷特》的中文别称，通用规范译法为Hamlet；原句是“假设条件+结论”的逻辑，用if引导条件状语从句完全贴合英文句式结构，“如果你想看一场表演”译为if you want to watch a performance；“融合了……的表演”可以用that引导的定语从句修饰performance，“融合”使用动词combine，“音乐、演唱、戏剧、诗歌以及惊艳服饰”译为music, singing, drama, poetry and stunning costumes，“再合适不过了”译为couldn’t be better。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $