专题 09 阅读理解（期末专项训练）六年级英语下学期（外研版一起）

**基本信息** 以“四步解题法”为核心，系统整合判断类与选择类题型技巧，通过高频陷阱分析与典型例题训练，提升学生细节定位与逻辑辨析能力，培养语言理解与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |解题方法|4步技巧+6大陷阱|先读题圈关键词→扫读定大意时态→细读对比选项→复读检查；警惕时态/主语/数字等陷阱|从通用解题流程到具体错误类型，构建“方法-陷阱-应用”逻辑链| |判断类题型|4篇短文（20题）|逐词对比原句，错因聚焦时态/主语/逻辑等，原文未提及即判错|从基础事实判断到隐含逻辑推理，梯度提升信息比对能力| |选择类题型|4篇短文（18题）|细节定位法（题干词→原文原句/同义句），选项对比排除|从直接信息提取到词义猜测，覆盖事实细节与简单推理考查|

专题 09 阅读理解 01 解题小技巧 02【题型一】判断类 03【题型二】选择类 解题小技巧 小学英语的 “阅读理解” 题型，主要考查基础词汇的词性变化、时态运用等，掌握以下小技巧能帮助快速解题： 1. 先读题，圈关键词（人名、地名、时间、数字、特殊疑问词），带着问题读文。 2. 扫读全文，定大意 + 定时态（过去 / 现在 / 将来），圈定位句。 3. 细读定位句，对比选项，警惕同义替换、偷换概念、绝对化词。 4. 复读检查：语法一致、逻辑通顺、原文有据可查。 题型 1：细节理解题（占比≈50%，最简单） 考法：时间、地点、人物、事件、数量、方式 技巧 关键词定位法：题干词→原文找原句 / 同义句 答案一定在原文能找到，不推理、不脑补 警惕：偷换主语、时间、数字、否定词 题型 2：判断正误（T/F） 技巧 找原句，逐词对比 错因常为：时态错、主语错、数字错、逻辑反、绝对化 原文没提到 → F 二、阅读高频陷阱 时态不一致：原文过去时，选项现在时 偷换主语：原文 He，选项 She 数字 / 时间错：a week→three days 否定陷阱：原文 didn’t，选项变成 did 绝对化词：always/never/all/none 慎选 同义替换：原文 had a good time=enjoyed oneself 【题型一】判断类 （一） Hello! My name is Anna. There is a garden behind my house. In the past, there was a lot of grass in it, but there were no flowers in it. One day,Mum bought flowers for the garden. She asked, "Who can help me?" "I can help you! But I don't know how to plant (种植) flowers, "I said. But Mum said, "Come on.It will be fun." I helped Mum dig holes (挖坑). It was very hard. And then I helped put the flowers in the holes.At last I helped water the flowers. Now there are many flowers in our garden. They're so beautiful! I like planting flowers. 根据短文内容，判断句子正（T）误（F）。 ( ) 1.Anna's mum bought grass for the garden. ( ) 2. Anna knew a lot about planting flowers. ( ) 3. It was very hard for Anna to dig holes. ( ) 4. They didn't need to water the flowers after planting them. ( ) 5.There are many flowers in the garden now. （二） One day, Miss Black saw Paul sitting in the playground sadly. So she asked him what was wrong. "I'm weak," he said."And our PE teacher doesn't let me join(参加) the pingpong team." "Why not join another team?" Miss Black asked. "But my dream is to be a great ping-pong player," he said. He told Miss Black his mother wanted him to change his dream and join the school art team. "That's a good idea,"Miss Black said. "You will be very popular because your pictures are very nice." The next day, Paul joined the school art team.From then on, he worked hard. Soon he became very popular in the team. At the end of May, the art team took part in an art festival and won the first place. Sometimes you have to make a small adjustment(调整) to your dream,and success(成功) will come to you. 根据短文内容，判断句子正（T）误（F）。 ( ) 1.Paul joined the ping-pong team. ( ) 2. Paul's father and Miss Black asked him to change his dream. ( ) 3. Paul was popular in the art team. ( ) 4. Paul's team won the first place. ( ) 5. Paul made an adjustment at a right time. （三） Lucy's mother gave Lucy a ring(戒指) on her birthday. It was a beautiful present and Lucy was happy. But a week later, she was sad. Why? Because she lost the ring in the kitchen.She couldn't find it anywhere(到处). That evening,Lucy's brother David was eating cakes."These cakes are so nice. Who made them?" David asked."I made them,” Lucy answered. Lucy likes cooking and she is good at making cakes.Suddenly(突然),David stopped.He opened his mouth and took a ring out. Lucy shouted,"My ring! This is a surprising cake. Thank you for finding my ring, David." 根据短文内容，判断句子正（T）误（F）。 ( ) 1. Lucy got a ring on her birthday. ( ) 2.Lucy was sad because she lost her ring on her birthday. ( ) 3. Lucy made some nice cakes. ( ) 4.David found the ring in the cake. ( ) 5. Lucy shouted because she got angry. （四） It's time for graduation (毕业) and the school year is coming to an end. In the US,they have a special tradition for this time of year—yearbooks. Every year, students in each class give a photo of themselves to be included in the book. As the years go by, students can see themselves and their classmates "grow up” in the photo section. But there is much more than that to the yearbook. During the year, yearbook staff (工作人员) will take photos and interview (采访) students and teachers for yearbook articles. The yearbook editor (编辑) needs to assign (分配) different stories to the writers and edit the stories later. It is interesting to read the yearbooks and see what life was like back then. Yearbooks are like historical documents (历史文件) that can help them keep the reminiscence (回忆) of their school life. 根据短文内容，判断句子正（T）误（F）。 ( ) 1. Keeping yearbooks is a special tradition for American graduates. ( ) 2. There are photos of themselves in the yearbooks. ( ) 3. The yearbook editor will take photos of students and teachers. ( ) 4. The editor gives different work to the yearbook staff. ( ) 5. The yearbooks can keep all their childhood memories. 【题型二】选择类 （五） A The US is a large country. On the same day in winter, it may be warm in some places and cold in others. In parts of the South,in winter, the temperature might be over 20 ℃. At the same time, in parts of the North, the temperature might be below (在……之下) 0℃. In summer, it may be over 38 ℃ in the South. On the same day,it may be 23 ℃ in the North. The temperature is not the same in all parts of the country. The rainfall (降雨量) is also very different in the country. In parts of the West, there is little rain. In parts of the South, there is much rain. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 ( ) 1. The weather can be in different parts of the US. A. the same B.a little same C. different ( ) 2. In winter,in parts of the South of the US, you can't see _______. A. snow or ice B.rain or wind C.clouds or wind ( ) 3. The temperature in the US is_______. A.over 20 ℃ B.not the same C.below 0 ℃ ( ) 4.In which part of the US does it rain a lot? A. In the East. B. In the South. C.In the West. ( ) 5. What's the Chinese meaning of the underlined（画线的）word "temperature"? A.温度 B. 体温 C.温差 （六） Linda and John like sports. In summer they swim and in winter they ski. They want to ski in the mountains this weekend, but they don't know about the weather. It's 7:30 now, and they're listening to the weather report on the radio. "Friday is going to be cold and cloudy, but it's not going to rain. The temperature(温度) is going to be 10 ℃ below (在...下面) zero(零). It's going to snow on Friday night and maybe on Saturday morning. Saturday afternoon and Sunday are going to be clear and sunny." Now Linda and John are excited. The weather is going to be great for a ski trip. They are going to have a wonderful weekend in the mountains. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 ( ) 1. Linda and John like_______. A. skating and skiing B.swimming and skating C. swimming and skiing ( ) 2. Where do they want to go? A. To the river. B. To the mountains. C. To the park. ( ) 3. Why are they listening to the weather report? A. Because they want to go fishing this weekend. B. Because they bought a new radio. C. Because they want to know about the weather at the weekend. ( ) 4.It may snow on _______. A. Friday morning B.Friday night C.Saturday afternoon （七） China's Super Rice Yuan Longping is China's "Father of Hybrid Rice (杂交水稻之父)". He and his team developed (培育) a new kind of hybrid rice. We called it "Sanyou No.1".Its yield (产量) reached (达到) 1,500 kg each mu.That means one mu can feed five people. Yuan Longping was born in 1930. When he was young, there was not enough food for Chinese people. Then he thought for many years and tried hard to change. In 1960, Yuan Longping found a special rice plant by accident (意外地).It was a hybrid plant. It had more rice than others. Yuan thought,"Why don't we grow (种植) more of this hybrid rice?" So he spent a few years in studying it. In 1973, he developed the rice successfully for the first time. Chinese people are very proud of him. Because he is a hero of our country. We will never forget him. 注释：One mu is about 667 square metres (平方米). 根据短文内容，选择正确答案 ( ) 1. What did Yuan Longping develop for Chinese people? A. Hybrid rice. B. Black rice. C. Conventional rice（常规水稻）. ( ) 2. _______ of hybrid rice can feed five people. A. About 1 square metre B.About 667 square metres C. About 676 square metres ( ) 3. Why did Yuan Longping try hard to change? A. Because there wasn't any rice before. B. Because rice was very expensive before. C. Because there was not enough food for Chinese people. ( ) 4. When did Yuan Longping successfully develop the rice for the first time? A.In 1930. B. In 1960. C.In 1973. （八） Shanghai Disney Resort Opening hours:8:30 am-9:30 pm Projects(项目)& Shows Float Parade(花车游行):12:15 pm;3:45 pm The Play of Frozen:10:45 am;3:45 pm Light and Firework Show:9:00 pm-9:20 pm Ticket:400 RMB for an adult(成人) Half price for a child(1.0 m-1.4 m) You can meet Mickey Mouse, Minnie Mouse, Daisy Duck, Spider-Man and all the Disney princesses! You are always welcome here. 根据材料内容，选择正确答案。 ( ) 1.Molly is 1.24 m tall.She will go to Shanghai Disney Resort with her parents. How much should they pay (付款) for the tickets? A.600 RMB. B.1,000 RMB. C.1,200 RMB. ( ) 2.—What can Molly do in Shanghai Disney Resort? She can _______. A. watch the parade B. watch fireworks C.A and B ( ) 3.—When can Molly enjoy the light and firework show? —At ______. A.3:45 pm B.9:00 pm C.9:40 pm ( ) 4. Molly likes plays very much. Which one can she watch in Shanghai Disney Resort? A. The play of Snow White. B. The play of Frozen. C. The play of Three Little Pigs. ( ) 5. Who can't we see in Shanghai Disney Resort? A. The Monkey King. B.Spider-Man. C.Mickey Mouse. 参考答案 第 1 页 共 6 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 （一）Anna’s garden 1. F 2. F 3. T 4. F 5. T （二）Paul’s dream 1. F 2. F 3. T 4. T 5. T （三）Lucy’s ring 1. T 2. F 3. T 4. T 5. F （四）American yearbooks 1. T 2. T 3. F 4. T 5. F （五）The US weather 1. C 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. A （六）Linda & John’s weekend 1. C 2. B 3. C 4. B （七）Yuan Longping 1. A 2. B 3. C 4. C （八）Shanghai Disney 1. B 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. A $