Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature 过关检测卷(Word版)-【勤径学升】2025-2026学年八年级下册英语全程时习测试卷（人教版·新教材）辽宁专版

**基本信息** 本试卷为初中英语Unit 4过关检测卷，围绕自然奇观（雨林、山脉、河流、冰川等）主题，通过多样题型考查语言能力，注重真实语境创设与跨文化认知，适配单元复习需求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|20题/40分|细节理解、推理判断、词义猜测|选用亚马逊雨林等自然素材，结合图片提示，培养文化意识与信息筛选能力| |完形填空|10题/10分|语法（时态）、词汇（动词）|以乔戈里峰为情境，考查上下文逻辑，提升语言运用能力| |语篇填空|10题/10分|冠词、连词、词性转换|介绍张掖地质公园，融合科学知识，强化语法与词汇综合运用| |阅读与表达|4题/10分|信息提取、观点表达|围绕乞力马扎罗山雪冠消失，关联全球变暖，培养思维品质与社会责任感| |书面表达|1题/20分|篇章结构、语言表达|要求介绍河流奇观及文明影响，综合考查语言能力与文化认同|

Unit 4 过关检测卷 ·时间：90分钟 ·满分：90分 第一部分 选择题（共50分） 一、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分；满分40分） 第一节 阅读下面的材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Amazon Rainforest The world’s largest rainforest is in South America. It is also the most famous. The Amazon makes up half of the world’s rainforests. It has about 390,000,000 trees. The Amazon River passes through the Amazon rainforest. It runs through 8 countries, such as Brazil, Peru and so on. Search our website for more information. Congo Rainforest Welcome to come and see the real Africa. The world’s second-largest rainforest, the Congo rainforest, lies in central Africa, covering a large part of Northern Congo. The Congo River passes through this rainforest, and it is the second-largest river in the world. The Congo rainforest is the only place on earth where you can see the bonobo (倭黑猩猩). The bonobo is the animal most like humans. Daintree Rainforest The Daintree Rainforest in Australia is over 135 million years old, making it the oldest rainforest in the world. It is over 1,200 square kilometres and is home to many animals and plants not found anywhere else in the world. It shares the name with Richard Daintree, a famous Australian geologist (地质学家). Let’s begin the rainforest travel from Port Douglas. Southeast Asian Rainforest This rainforest is across Asia, covering Cambodia, Laos, and the Malay Peninsula. It is famous for many interesting animals living there, like the king cobra, Bengal tiger and many others. As with other rainforests, joining our tour seems to be the best way to go if you wish to visit this special rainforest. 1. If you want to see Amazon rainforest, you can go to ________. A. Brazil B. Congo C. Australia D. Cambodia 2. Which rainforest is in Africa? A. Amazon Rainforest. B. Congo Rainforest. C. Daintree Rainforest. D. Southeast Asian Rainforest. 3. How does Daintree rainforest get the name? A. From a river in the rainforest. B. From one of the rainforest animals. C. From a famous geologist. D. From an interesting plant. 4. Who is the text written for? A. Artists. B. Nurses. C. Visitors. D. Teachers. B ①When it comes to the Himalayas, what do you have in your mind? High mountains? White snow? Both answers are right, but in the mountains there is a place called the Valley of Flowers and you can see a very different scene there. It is home to pretty flowers, wild plants and endangered animals. ②The Valley of Flowers is in Uttarakhand (北阿坎德邦), one state in the north of India. It is more than 87. 5 square kilometres. There are flowers everywhere. However, these flowers are not quite the same as what we often see. They grow in high places in the mountains. There are hundreds of different kinds of flowers in this valley. They bloom (开花) between June and September. When the flowers bloom, the valley looks like a magical world with different colours. ③There are also a lot of wild plants, such as trees and grass, in the Valley of Flowers. They are special. Some of them are hard to find anywhere else in the world! What’s more, some endangered animals live in the valley, like snow leopards (雪豹). ④Now people have turned the Valley of Flowers into a national park. Visitors can’t build anything or live there. They can’t even stay there for too long at a time. They can only stay there for one day. It’s probably not long enough for visitors to see all the real beauty there. 5. How does the writer start the passage? A. By asking questions. B. By telling a story. C. By giving an example. D. By showing some numbers. 6. What does the underlined word “them” refer to in paragraph 3? A. The trees. B. The animals. C. The flowers. D. The wild plants. 7. What is the structure of the passage? (①= paragraph 1, ②= paragraph 2…) A. B. C. D. 8. What’s the passage mainly about? A. It tells the facts about the Valley of Flowers. B. It describes the beautiful scene of the Himalayas. C. It asks more people to visit the Valley of Flowers. D. It explains the problems of some national parks in India. C The Big Stone River is one of the most amazing stone rivers in the world. The Big Stone River is the most interesting sight of Taganai Park in Russia. Different from other rivers, it is filled with rocks and stones. Not a drop of water can be seen. Interestingly, as one comes near to the rocky river, the sound of running water can be heard. Rocks fall down from the mountains slowly and make the river of rocks. The Big Stone River is about 6 km long and is made up of many small rocky rivers. It cuts through a thick forest like a real river. It is about 200 metres wide and in some places, it is up to 700 metres wide. Some of the rocks weigh up to 10 tons each and the layer (层) of rocks goes down 6 metres deep. Scientists believe it is the consequence of the movement of glaciers (冰川) about 10,000 years ago. At that time, ice covered the top of the mountains. As time went by, the ice turned into water. Seeing the amazing river is a great experience. The best way to experience this natural wonder is from above. Come and visit it when you come to Russia. 9. Why is the Big Stone River special? A. Because it is in Taganai Park. B. Because it is full of fish. C. Because it is impossible to see water there. D. Because the sound of running water is loud. 10. How wide is the widest part of the Big Stone River? A. 6 metres. B. 200 metres. C. 700 metres. D. 6,000 metres. 11. What does the underlined word “consequence” mean in paragraph 4? A. Reason. B. Result. C. End. D. Beginning. 12. What would be the best title for the passage? A. The Big Stone River B. A very amazing stone C. An unforgettable experience D. A running river D ①March 21 this year marks the first World Glacier Day. With this special day, the United Nations wants to encourage everyone to help save glaciers. ②You can imagine glaciers as large pieces of moving ice and snow on land. Over time, they made our mountains and valleys (山谷) look the way they do today. Until now, glaciers continue to move and change our land in many places in the world. ③But glaciers are important not just for the land. When they melt (融化), the nutrients (营养) from the water are good for life in rivers and oceans. ④In some places, this water is very important for people and animals. There are about 200,000 glaciers in the world. They make up 10% of the land and hold 70% of Earth’s fresh water. In areas like the Himalayas (喜马拉雅山脉), many people need the water from glaciers to live. ⑤Climate change is causing (引起) big problems for glaciers. Many are now gone. If temperatures continue to go up, glaciers could lose 41% of their mass (质量) by the year 2100. ⑥This would mean less water for drinking and farming. Because of melting ice, floods might happen more often. It would also be bad for animals and plants. 13. March 21, 2025 is the first ________. A. World Glacier Day B. World Rainforest Day C. World Animal Day D. World Plant Day 14. Which of the following is TRUE? A. Glaciers are important just for the land. B. Now glaciers stop moving and changing our land in the world. C. Water from the glaciers helps life in rivers and oceans grow. D. All people need the water from glaciers to live. 15. Glaciers are disappearing because ________. A. people cut down too many trees B. people are creating too much pollution C. people can not stop climate change D. people are taking too much water from them 16. What’s the main purpose of the text? A. To encourage people to help save glaciers. B. To let readers know something about glaciers. C. To compare glaciers with other natural wonders. D. To tell people to love nature and make friends with it. 阅读短文，从方框内所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。 Mountains are usually not nice places for people to live in. This is mainly because the weather in the mountains is not as good as that in low areas. ____17____ Few people live in the mountains that are over 2,500 metres high, because it’s difficult for people to breathe. If a mountain is more than 8,000 metres high, for example, Qomolangma, there’s not enough air for people. This is known as one of the most dangerous areas. However, mountains are important to people. Most water in the rivers is from the snow and rain water of the mountains. People living in the mountains depend on them to make a living. Mountains are also rich in minerals (矿产). ____18____ Many people also go to mountains to spend their holidays during the hot summer, because it’s much cooler there. Mountain climbing has a history of over 150 years. ____19____ However, only a few people reached the tops of the highest mountains at that time. ____20____ Mountain climbing has become a popular sport in the world. A. The sport first became popular in England. B. Lots of people in the world depend on mountains to get drinking water. C. The higher a mountain is, the less air there will be. D. So mountain tourism is developing very slowly. E. Now more and more people try to climb the highest mountains. 二、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分） Have you ever heard of Mount K2 (乔戈里峰)? It is known as Savage Mountain because many people used to die or get hurt while ____21____ it. K2 is the second highest mountain in the world after court Qomolangma. People never climb Mount K2 in ____22____. Both storms and cold weather make it ____23____ to climb this mountain during that time. K2 is famous as one of the most ____24____ mountains to climb. It is known by different ____25____ such as Chogori, Ketu and Mount Godwin-Austen. The name Chogori ____26____ “the king of mountains”. This mountain lies between the border (边界) of Pakistan and China. A part of the mountain lies in Pakistan. The other ____27____ of the mountain lies in Xinjiang, China. Thomas Montgomerie did the first survey of Mount K2 and measured (测量) its height. He named the ____28____ K2, where “K” stood for Kechu. K2 was the second mountain listed, so the name ____29____ the number “2”. The best timed climb K2 is between April and October. It ____30____ at least 3 weeks to complete the climbing. 21. A. climbing B. walking C. swimming D. moving 22. A. spring B. summer C. autumn D. winter 23. A. important B. impossible C. silent D. amazing 24. A. difficult B. easy C. interesting D. sleepy 25. A. names B. places C. mountains D. trees 26. A. listens B. shows C. calls D. means 27. A. side B. part C. joy D. nature 28. A. mountain B. people C. river D. protection 29. A. completed B. included C. provided D. depended 30. A. spends B. joins C. takes D. goes 第二部分 非选择题（共40分） 三、语篇填空（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 You are a nature lover? Then you must visit Zhangye Geopark (张掖地质公园) in China! It’s regarded ____31____ one of the best geoparks in the world by UNESCO. Here, you can see one of the most ____32____ (beauty) rainbow hills in the world. There are plenty of low hills that look like waves and have many different colours, just like ____33____ rainbow! As soon as you climb up to the top and see the hills from above, it’s like you’re looking at rainbows which are painted on the ground. Certainly, you should bring your raincoats with you ____34____ the weather may change on the climbing. You may want to know how these colourful hills came out. ____35____ (million) of years ago, this area was under a lake. Over time, rivers were bringing in sand and stones with different kinds of metal elements. ____36____ (this) were left in layers (层) on the bottom of the lake. Some layers were red, some yellow, and the others turned purple or blue. ____37____ (late), the climate became much colder and drier that the lake ____38____ (dry) up. Then, something special happened! The underground land began ____39____ (rise) up and push against each other. The layers of sandstone were lifted higher and higher. Through years of wind, sun, and rain, they formed the colourful hills we see today. It is the most wonderful time to visit Geopark from June to September. The mornings and evenings are cooler than the hot days. You can enjoy the sunrises and sunsets. Sunshine after a summer rain will make the colours even ____40____ (bright) and more beautiful. 四、阅读与表达（共4小题，41~43小题，每小题2分，44小题4分；满分10分） 阅读下面的材料，根据内容回答问题。 Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world, which is 8,848. 86 metres high. It’s called “the Roof of the World”. But Mount Kilimanjaro is the highest mountain in Africa. It is one of the most beautiful places on the earth which is 5,895 metres above sea level, so it is often called “the Roof of Africa”. Climb lovers’ dream place—Mount Kilimanjaro It is one of the world’s highest “walkable” mountains. People can climb the mountain all year round, but many people will choose to climb during the mountain’s two “dry” seasons, January to March and June to October. If they want to reach the top of it, they can climb in the rainy season too, but the weather condition may not be good and it may be difficult to achieve. The first recorded climb of Mount Kilimanjaro It’s believed that the first people known to have reached the top of the mountain were Hans Meyer and Ludwig Purtscheller. Through hard work, they successfully reached the top of the mountain on 6th October, 1889. The beautiful snow cap of Mount Kilimanjaro Even though it is hot there, the top of the mountain is covered with ice and snow the whole year. There are many famous stories of the snow cap of Mount Kilimanjaro. It formed about 11,000 years ago, but a research said that it might disappear. One of the reasons for its possible disappearance is global warming. The high temperature is making the ice on Mount Kilimanjaro melt. The beautiful snow cap of Kilimanjaro is disappearing quickly. 41. How high is Mount Kilimanjaro? _______________________________________________________________ 42. How long has the snow cap on Mount Kilimanjaro formed? _______________________________________________________________ 43. What might cause the disappearance of the snow cap on Mount Kilimanjaro according to the passage? _________________________________________________________________ 44. What can we do to stop global warming? Write 30 words or more. ________________________________________________________________________________ 五、书面表达（满分20分） 45. 请根据以下提示，用英文写一篇短文，介绍一处你感兴趣的河流奇观。 提示： （1）说明河流的名称及主要特点； （2）谈谈它对周边文明或环境的影响； （3）表达你的看法或感受。 注意： （1）词数80左右； （2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； （3）文中不能出现真实姓名及学校名称。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Unit 4 过关检测卷 ·时间：90分钟 ·满分：90分 第一部分 选择题（共50分） 一、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分；满分40分） 第一节 阅读下面的材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A 【1~4题答案】 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 4. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了世界上四座著名雨林——亚马逊雨林、刚果雨林、丹特里雨林和东南亚雨林，分别说明了它们的地理位置、规模特点、标志性物种等相关信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中Amazon Rainforest部分的内容“The Amazon River passes through the Amazon rainforest. It runs through 8 countries, such as Brazil, Peru and so on.”可知，亚马逊雨林所在的区域包含巴西，因此想要参观亚马逊雨林可以前往巴西。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中Congo Rainforest部分的内容“The world’s second-largest rainforest, the Congo rainforest, lies in central Africa, covering a large part of Northern Congo.”可知，刚果雨林位于非洲中部。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中Daintree Rainforest部分的内容“It shares the name with Richard Daintree, a famous Australian geologist.”可知，丹特里雨林的名字来源于一位著名的地质学家。故选C。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据全文内容，文中分别介绍了四座雨林的特色，还出现了“Search our website for more information”“Welcome to come and see”“Let’s begin the rainforest travel”这类吸引人们前去游览的表述，由此可推断，本文是写给想要游览雨林的游客的。故选C。 B 【5~8题答案】 【答案】5. A 6. D 7. B 8. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，围绕喜马拉雅山脉中的花之谷展开，介绍了它的地理位置、面积规模、动植物资源，以及如今被设为国家公园后的游览限制等相关情况。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中第一段第一句“When it comes to the Himalayas, what do you have in your mind? High mountains? White snow?”可知，作者是以提出问题的方式开篇，引发读者思考。故选A。 【6题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文中第三段前两句“There are also a lot of wild plants, such as trees and grass, in the Valley of Flowers. They are special. Some of them are hard to find anywhere else in the world!” 可知，前文先提及野生植物，随后用they和them指代前文提到的同一事物，因此them指代的是野生植物。故选D。 【7题详解】 篇章结构题。根据文章各段落内容可知，第①段以提问引出说明对象花之谷；第②段介绍花之谷的地理位置、面积和花卉特色；第③段介绍花之谷的野生植物和濒危动物资源；第④段说明花之谷被设为国家公园的游览限制。整体结构为总—分。故选B。 【8题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，文章依次介绍了花之谷的位置、面积、动植物资源以及游览规则，都是关于花之谷的客观事实。故选A。 C 【9~12题答案】 【答案】9. C 10. C 11. B 12. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，围绕世界上极具奇观的大石河展开，介绍了它的位置、构成特点、尺寸数据、形成原因以及最佳观赏方式。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中第二段“Different from other rivers, it is filled with rocks and stones. Not a drop of water can be seen.”可知，大石河的特殊之处在于河中完全由岩石和石头组成，看不到一滴水。故选C。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中第三段“It is about 200 metres wide and in some places, it is up to 700 metres wide.”可知，大石河最宽的部分可达700米。故选C。 【11题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文中第四段“Scientists believe it is the consequence of the movement of glaciers (冰川) about 10,000 years ago.”可知，后文介绍了冰川运动的过程，由此推断大石河是冰川运动带来的结果，consequence的含义是“结果”。故选B。 【12题详解】 最佳标题题。根据全文内容可知，文章从位置、特点、尺寸、成因等多个方面介绍了大石河这一自然奇观，核心说明对象就是大石河。故选A。 D 【13~16题答案】 【答案】13. A 14. C 15. C 16. A 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了联合国决定将2025年3月21日定为第一个世界冰川日，鼓励大家帮助拯救冰川。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据“March 21 this year marks the first World Glacier Day.”可知，2025年3月 21 日是第一个世界冰川日。故选A。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据“When they melt (融化), the nutrients (营养) from the water are good for life in rivers and oceans.”可知，冰川融水有助于河流和海洋中的生物生长。故选C。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Climate change is causing (引起) big problems for glaciers.”可知，冰川消失是因为气候变化。故选C。 【16题详解】 主旨大意题。根据“With this special day, the United Nations wants to encourage everyone to help save glaciers.”可知，文章主要目的是鼓励人们帮助拯救冰川。故选A。 【17~20题答案】 【答案】17. C 18. B 19. A 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了山区不适合居住的原因，同时阐述了山脉对人类的重要性，还提及了登山运动的发展历程。 【17题详解】 根据前文“the weather in the mountains is not as good as that in low areas”以及后文“Few people live in the mountains that are over 2,500 metres high, because it’s difficult for people to breathe.”可知，此处是说明山脉高度与空气的关系，C选项“山越高，空气就越少。”衔接前后关于高海拔地区呼吸困难的内容，符合语境。故选C。 【18题详解】 根据前文“Most water in the rivers is from the snow and rain water of the mountains. People living in the mountains depend on them to make a living.”可知，此处是延续山脉与水资源的关联，B选项“世界上很多人依靠山脉获取饮用水。”进一步说明人们对山脉水资源的依赖，符合语境。故选B。 【19题详解】 根据前文“Mountain climbing has a history of over 150 years.”以及后文“However, only a few people reached the tops of the highest mountains at that time.”可知，此处是介绍登山运动早期的流行地区，A选项“这项运动最初在英国流行起来。”符合关于登山运动历史的叙述，衔接自然。故选A。 【20题详解】 根据前文“However, only a few people reached the tops of the highest mountains at that time.”以及后文“Mountain climbing has become a popular sport in the world.”可知，此处是说明登山运动的变化，E选项“现在越来越多的人尝试攀登最高的山峰。”体现了从“少数人”到“流行”的转变，符合语境。故选E。 二、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分） 【21~30题答案】 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. B 30. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章向我们介绍了乔戈里峰的相关信息。 【21题详解】 句意：它作为一个野蛮巨峰而闻名因为许多人在攀登它时曾经丢掉性命或受伤。 climbing爬；walking走；swimming游泳；moving移动。根据“many people used to die or get hurt”可知此处是指爬山的时候，故选A。 【22题详解】 句意：人们从不在冬天爬乔戈里峰。 spring春天；summer夏天；autumn秋天；winter冬天。根据“Both storms and cold weather”及选项可推测此处指人们从不在冬天爬乔戈里峰，故选D。 【23题详解】 句意：暴风雪和寒冷的天气使在那期间爬这座山是不可能的。 important重要的；impossible不可能的；silent安静的；amazing令人惊喜的。根据“Both storms and cold weather make...”可知是不可能的，故选B。 【24题详解】 句意：乔戈里峰作为最难爬的山之一而出名。 difficult困难的；easy容易的；interesting有趣的；sleepy困倦的。根据“It is known as Savage Mountain because many people used to die or get hurt while it.”可推断乔戈里峰是最难爬的山之一，故选A。 【25题详解】 句意：它以例如Chogori, Ketu and Mount Godwin-Austen这些名字闻名。 names名字；places地方；mountains山；trees树。“Chogori，Ketu 和Mount Godwin-Austen” 和“such as”可知此处指名字，故选A。 【26题详解】 句意：名字Chogori意思是“山之王”。 listens听；shows展示；calls打电话；means意思是。根据“the king of mountains”是对空前名字的解释，故选D。 【27题详解】 句意：山的另一部分位于中国新疆。 side面；part部分；joy高兴；nature自然。根据“A part of the mountain lies in Pakistan.”可推断此句是说山的另一部分，故选B。 【28题详解】 句意：他命名这座山K2。 mountain山；people人；river江；protection保护。根据“Thomas Montgomerie did the first survey of Mount K2 and measured its height”可知 K2是这座山的名字，故选A。 【29题详解】 句意：K2是被列举的第二高山，所以这个名字包含数字“2”。 completed完成；included包含；provided提供；depended依靠。根据“K2”可知名字中含有数字2，故选B。 【30题详解】 句意：完成攀登需要花费至少三个星期。 spends花费；joins加入；takes带；goes去。 根据“It...at least 3 weeks to complete the climbing”并结合备选词汇可知此句的结构为it takes some time to do sth.“做某事花费……时间”，故选C。 第二部分 非选择题（共40分） 三、语篇填空（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分） 【31~40题答案】 【答案】31. as 32. beautiful 33. a 34. because 35. Millions 36. These 37. Later 38. dried 39. to rise 40. brighter 【解析】 【导语】本文围绕中国张掖地质公园展开，介绍了其被列为世界顶级地质公园的地位、彩虹山丘的景观特点，以及这些彩色山丘的形成过程和最佳游览时间。 【31题详解】 句意：它被联合国教科文组织视为世界上最好的地质公园之一。根据“is regarded”可知，此处是固定搭配be regarded as，意为“被视为……”，as符合语法和语境。故填as。 【32题详解】 句意：在这里，你可以看到世界上最美丽的彩虹山丘之一。根据“the most”和“rainbow hills”可知，此处需用形容词构成最高级，beauty的形容词形式beautiful美丽的，符合语境。故填beautiful。 【33题详解】 句意：有很多低矮的山丘看起来像波浪，有很多不同的颜色，就像一道彩虹！根据“rainbow”是可数名词单数，且发音以辅音音素开头，此处需用不定冠词“a”修饰，符合语法要求。故填a。 【34题详解】 句意：当然，你应该带上雨衣，因为爬山时天气可能会变化。根据前文“bring your raincoats”和后文“the weather may change”的因果关系可知，此处需用连词表原因，because因为，符合语境。故填because。 【35题详解】 句意：数百万年前，这个地区处于一片湖泊之下。根据“of years ago”可知，此处是固定搭配millions of，意为“数百万的”，句首单词首字母需大写。故填Millions。 【36题详解】 句意：这些被留在湖底的层里。根据前文“sand and stones with different kinds of metal elements”可知，此处指代复数事物，this的复数形式these这些，符合语境，句首单词首字母需大写。故填These。 【37题详解】 句意：后来，气候变得更加寒冷干燥，湖泊干涸了。根据前文介绍形成过程的时间线可知，此处表示“后来”，late的副词形式Later符合语境，句首单词首字母需大写。故填Later。 【38题详解】 句意：后来，气候变得更加寒冷干燥，湖泊干涸了。根据前文“the climate became”可知，句子用一般过去时，dry的过去式dried符合语法要求。故填dried。 【39题详解】 句意：地下的土地开始上升并相互挤压。根据“began”可知，此处是固定用法begin to do sth.，意为“开始做某事”，后接动词不定式。故填to rise。 【40题详解】 句意：夏季雨后的阳光会让颜色更加明亮和美丽。根据“even”和“more beautiful”可知，此处需用形容词比较级，bright的比较级brighter更明亮的，符合语境。故填brighter。 四、阅读与表达（共4小题，41~43小题，每小题2分，44小题4分；满分10分） 【41~44题答案】 【答案】41. 5,895 metres above sea level. 42. For about 11,000 years. 43. Global warming. 44. First,we can go to school by bike instead of taking cars. Second,when we go shopping,we should use our own cloth bags instead of buying plastic bags. Every small action counts. (开放性试题，言之有理即可) 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了非洲最高峰乞力马扎罗山的相关信息，包括其海拔高度、适合攀登的季节、首次登顶记录，以及山顶雪冠的形成时间和可能消失的原因。 【41题详解】 根据文中“But Mount Kilimanjaro is the highest mountain in Africa. It is one of the most beautiful places on the earth which is 5,895 metres above sea level”可知，乞力马扎罗山海拔5895米。故填5,895 metres above sea level. 【42题详解】 根据文中“There are many famous stories of the snow cap of Mount Kilimanjaro. It formed about 11,000 years ago”可知，乞力马扎罗山的雪冠形成于大约11000年前。故填For about 11,000 years. 【43题详解】 根据文中“One of the reasons for its possible disappearance is global warming.”可知，乞力马扎罗山雪冠可能消失的原因之一是全球变暖。故填Global warming. 【44题详解】 为阻止全球变暖，我们可以采取多种措施：我们可以骑自行车上学，而不是乘坐汽车。购物时，我们应该使用自备的布袋，而不是购买塑料袋。每一个微小的行动都意义非凡。故填First,we can go to school by bike instead of taking cars. Second,when we go shopping,we should use our own cloth bags instead of buying plastic bags. Every small action counts.（开放性试题，言之有理即可） 五、书面表达（满分20分） 【45题答案】 【答案】例文 The Yangtze River is one of the most magnificent natural wonders in China. As the longest river in Asia, it stretches over 6,300 kilometres and flows through diverse landscapes, from snow-capped mountains to fertile plains. Ancient Chinese civilization thrived along its banks, relying on its waters for agriculture, transportation, and trade. Scientists continue to measure its depth and study its rich ecosystem, supporting countless species of plants and animals. The river not only provides essential water resources but also plays a crucial role in the environment, helping many creatures survive. I feel deeply proud of this amazing river, which symbolizes the life and spirit of the Chinese people. Its beauty and power truly inspire awe and respect. 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇说明文，围绕“感兴趣的河流奇观”展开，介绍长江的特点、对周边文明与环境的影响及个人感受； ②时态：以“一般现在时”为主，描述长江的客观特点、持续影响；使用一般过去时提及古代文明的发展； ③提示：文章符合题目要求，涵盖河流名称、主要特点、对文明与环境的影响及个人看法，内容完整，逻辑清晰。 [写作步骤] 第一步：开篇点明介绍的河流是长江，并说明其核心特点（亚洲最长、长度及流经多样地貌）； 第二步：阐述长江对周边文明的影响（孕育古代中华文明，提供农业、交通、贸易资源），及对环境的作用（滋养丰富生态系统，支撑多种动植物生存）； 第三步：表达个人感受，说明对长江的自豪之情，强调其象征意义与带来的敬畏感。 [亮点词汇] ①magnificent壮丽的 ②stretch延伸 ③ecosystem生态系统 [高分句型] ①As the longest river in Asia, it stretches over 6,300 kilometres and flows through diverse landscapes, from snow-capped mountains to fertile plains.（as引导的介词短语作状语，列举地貌增强画面感） ②I feel deeply proud of this amazing river, which symbolizes the life and spirit of the Chinese people.（which引导的非限定性定语从句，补充说明长江的象征意义） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $