海南中学2024-2025学年度第一学期高一年级第二次月考英语试题

海南中学2024级高一第二次月考 英语试题 第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，共37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上 将该选项涂黑。 If you are longing for a hike in Alaska and aren't sure where to start,here are our favorites. There's something for all levels of skills and ambitions. The Kenai River Trail A half mile down this trail are wonderful views of Kenai River Canyon.There are really two trailheads;the main"upper"trail starts at mile 0.6 of Skilak Lake Rd,and the other at mile 2.3. Turnagain Arm Trail This 11-mile hike begins at Potter Trailhead (Mile 115).Originally used by Alaska Natives,the trail can also be accessible to points along the way:McHuge Creck(Mile 112),Rainbow(Mile 108) and Windy(Mile 107). Iditarod National Historic Trail The national historical Iditarod Trail is a 24-mile hike used by gold miners and sled-dog teams until 1918,when the Alaska Railroad was finished.It's a two-to-three day hike through superb mountain scenery to Girdwood (where it's known as the Crow Pass Trail),and is the region's best backpack adventure. Put up a tent at Echo Bend(Mile 3),or rent one of two yurts ($65 per night)close by.For a shorter outing you can tumn around at the Perch,then return to the Dew Mound Trail at Echo Bend and then to the Nature Center,making this a scenic 8-mile trip Reed Lakes Trail Two alpine lakes,waterfalls,glaciers and towering granite walls:the 7-to-9 mile Reed Lakes Trail is one of the most wonderful hikes in the region,and worth the climb.Once you reach upper Reed Lake,continue 1 mile to Bomber Glacier,where the ruin of a B-29 bomber lies in memorial (纪念)to six men who died in a 1957 crash. 1.Which route was firstly used by Alaska Natives? A.Reed Lakes Trail B.Tumnagain Arm Trail C.The Kenai River Trail D.Iditarod National Historic Trail 2.What will visitors see at Bomber Glacier? A.Atower made of granite B.Amemorial to six heroes C.The ruin of a B-29 bomber D.One of the most splendid waterfalls 3.Who will be more interested in the text? A.Sports lovers B.Alaska explorers C.Field researchers D.Nature photographers 海南中学2024级高一第二次月考英语试题（共7页） 命题：吴燕陈扬 审校：蔡慧 B It was an ordinary day when I got a message from my daughter's kindergarten about an upcoming school dance performance.At first,I thought,"How wonderful,I can't wait to see her perform!"But to my dismay,I discovered it wasn't just the students,parents were expected to join as well..“Oh,my god.I'm short of rhythm,coordination(协调性)and having stage(舞台)fear.How could I take part in it?” That evening my idea was destroyed as my daughter came home excitedly,"Dad,this is going to be fun.We should wear matching pink T-shirts and stand at the front so everyone can see us."And so, we began with practice in front of the television.My wife had luckily found a past performance on Douyin.At this point,I realised our performance would also end up online and any mistake could finally be turned into a joke.The stress had now been increased. The first at-home practice went as badly as you could imagine.And fast forward to Saturday and it was time for a group practice at school.Given the short notice,I expected the other parents to be struggling as much as me.I was wrong.They moved so well that they would equal to the dancers of Bolshoi Ballet. In the days to come we worked very hard and both our confidence and coordination improved quickly.My daughter moved like a swan )while I still moved like an elephant.The day of the big show arrived and my nervousness became less.It tumns out that getting nowhere near enough sleep before a big performance is the perfect cure for stage fear.Moreover,my daughter was having the time of her life and that alone powered me through. Reflecting on the past two weeks,I realized this experience had enriched us both.It marked the first time my daughter and I learned something new together.I find myself looking forward to similar events like this in the future. 4.What does the underlined word "dismay probably mean in paragraph 1? A.happiness. B.anger. C.surprise. D.excitement. 5.What can we learn about the author? A.He didn't sleep well before the big performance. B.He practised dancing with his daughter smoothly. C.He was very nervous when the big performance arrived D.He had stress because he didn't want to dance with his daughter. 6.What did the author realize after the big performance? A.He could dance as well as his daughter. B.The experience had brought a lot to his family. C.The other parents were struggling as much as him D.Confidence and coordination are very important in the performance 7.What is the best title of the passage? A.A Stage Experience:Excitement to Sadness B.A Dance Performance:Fear to Enjoyment C.A Stage Experience:Discovering Joy through Movement D.A Dance Performance:Getting out of Fear through Dance 2 海南中学2024级高一第二次月考英语试题（共7页） 命题：吴燕陈扬 审校：蔡慧 c You get anxious if there's no wi-fi in the hotel or mobile phone signal up the mountain.You feel upset if your phone is getting low on power and you secretly wory things will go wrong at work if you're not there.All these can be called"always on"stress caused by smart phone addiction. For some people,smart phones have liberated them from the nine-to-five work.Flexible working has given them more autonomy (in their working lives and enabled them to spend more time with their friends and families.For many others though,smartphones have become tyrants in their pockets,never allowing them to tumn them off,relax and recharge their batteries. Pittsburgh-based developer Kevin Holesh was worried about how much be was ignoring his family and friends in favor of his iPhone.So he developed an app-Moment-to monitor his usage.The app enables users to see how much time they're spending on the device and set up warnings if the usage limits are broken."Moment's goal is to promote balance in your life,"his website explains."Some time on your phone,some time off it enjoying your loving family and friends around you.” Dr.Christine Grant,an occupational psychologist at Coventry University,said,"The effects of this'always on'culture are that your mind is never resting,and you're not giving your body time to recover,so you're always stressed.And the more tired and stressed we get,the more mistakes we make.Physical and mental health can suffer." And as the number of connected smart phones is increasing,so is the amount of data.This is leading to a sort of decision paralysis (and is creating more stress in the workplace because people have to receive a broader range of data and communications which are often difficult to manage."It actually makes it more difficult to make decisions and many do less because they're controlled by it all and feel they can never escape the office,"said Dr.Christine Grant. 8.What's the first paragraph mainly about? A.The popularity of smart phones. B.The progress ofmodemn technology. C.The signs of‘always on”stress. D.The cause of smartphone addiction. 9.Kevin Holesh developed Moment to A.research how people use their mobile phones B.help people control their use of mobile phones C.make people spend more time with their family D.increase the fun of using mobile phones 10.What's Dr.Christine Grant's attitude towards"always on"culture? A.Confused. B.Positive. C.Doubtful. D.Critical. 11.According to the last paragraph,a greater amount of data means A.we will become less productive B.we can make a decision more quickly C.we will be equipped with more knowledge D.we can work more effectively 3 海南中学2024级高一第二次月考英语试题（共7页） 命题：吴燕陈扬 审校：蔡慧 D Elements of Latin have made their way into many Western countries.Data varies,but as much as 70%of words in English have a Latin or Greek root. By learning more about these roots and how they combine to create words you will have an advantage in understanding new words,even if you've never seen them before. The great thing is that it's not hard to learn these roots and recognise the pattemns.You're not learning the whole language with its grammar and difficult points.You just need to memorise some parts of the vocabulary that you often see in English. So how do word roots work? Every word has a root.This part contains the key to a word's meaning.Take the word "happy" for example.This word only contains the root,which means "full of joy".There's nothing more to the meaning of the word in this form. Some words,however,have extra parts.We call these affixes,including prefixes,the part attached before the root,and suffixes,the part attached behind the root.Based on the additional meaning of the prefixes and suffixes,the meaning of the final word will be shaped to mean something new. Take the word "autobiography"for example.The root is "bio",meaning life.You may have noticed that many words with "bio"have something to do with life or living beings-biology, biography,and so on.When the suffixes "graph",meaning to write,is added to it,it means a story about someone's or something's life."Auto"means by oneself.Altogether,an "autobiography"is a story about a person's life,written by the person himself or herself. In a word,a better grasp of word roots can make you understand the English language better, and will help you with your vocabulary recognition and memory skills. 12.What's needed to undenstand new words with roots? A.A good understanding of Latin or Greek B.A full understanding of grammar. C.The ability to recognise different parts of words. D.The ability to speak various Western languages. 13.What do we know about the root? A.It can't form a word by itself. B.It is a necessary part of a word C.It is of greater importance than affixes. D.It has no impact on a word's meaning 14.What is the meaning ofbiochemistry"? A.The science that is related to living things. B.A person who does rescareh about chemistry. C.A person who does rescarch about living things. D.The study of chemical reactions related to living things. 15.Which of the following is a suitable title for the passage? A.Secret of Understanding New Words B.Latin's Way into Western Languages C.Amazing Power of Affixes D.Hints on Language Exams 4 海南中学2024级高一第二次月考英语试题（共7页） 命题：吴燕陈扬审校：蔡慧 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，共12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该 项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 What is the best sleep position for your health? It's difficult to control what sleeping position we naturally fall into,as our body will subconsciously fall into the most comfortable position for us.However,some positions are better for you than others and some could hold back your health and wellbeing.16 If you sleep on your side More than 60 percent of people sleep on their side.Often our body naturally moves to this position,which is linked to when we were in the womb in the foetal (position.17 It offers a number of benefits to your body,.from promoting healthy spine alignment(脊椎对齐)which can help to prevent back pain to reducing heartburn and snoring ( If you sleep on your back Lying on your back is the second most popular sleeping position and offers just as many benefits as side sleeping.When you're sleeping on your back,it's easy to keep alignment and to also evenly distribute your weight.18 If you sleep on your stomach Sleeping on your stomach is the least common sleeping position.19 And those who sleep on their stomach could put themselves at risk of a less restful night's sleep.The stomach offers the least amount of back support and can increase pressure on the spine which may cause pain once you wake up. 20 You should consider various factors such as if you snore or suffer sleep problems,or if you often have back and neck pain.Side sleeping has been noted as the best position for the body, so this is probably one to try and get into the habit of tying,but again,it all depends on you. A.This also helps to prevent any neck and back pain. B.Sleeping on your side is probably the best position C.Side sleeping would be particularly beneficial for older people D.There are more negatives to this position compared to positives E.Determining the sleeping position for you is personal preference. F.Here,this article reveals exactly how your sleep position is affecting your health. G.This is mostly likely because it is one of the most comfortable sleeping positions. 海南中学2024级高一第二次月考英语试题（共7页） 命题：吴燕陈扬 审校：蔡慧 第二部分：语言运用（共两节，满分50分） 第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填 入空白处的最佳选项。 Our university is located in the far area.Considering our 21,the school employs some private legal officers to 22 us.The situation is not as scary as they think but they do have to 23 around the clock to keep us safe,24 the university all night. For the most part it's not a grateful job as most people 25 seeing officers all around, so that they even 26 notice their presence.How could we show them our 27? Well,we decided to take a large sized coffee maker and make some hot chocolate. Then,we found a taxi driver and asked him to 28 us around the university where we knew the 29 would be.And at midnight we 30 them each a cup of hot chocolate from our big pot in the back of the 31. The taxi driver was at first a bit 32 about the entire plan but after a while he was sure to help us 33 officers and our good spirit had 34 to him as well.We were met with many smiles and grateful 35 like "thanks a million"and "it's very kind of you"from the officers as well as puzzlement (as they said students seldom noticed their 36 in work. Finally,the hot chocolate seemed less 37 than their interest in meeting us.In fact,what they valued more was our attitude to them.We went around in the back of the taxi with a big pot of hot chocolate on that beautiful 38,talking and laughing.It was 39 to see how a small simple 40 of generosity (can lift everyone's spirit. 21.A.safety B.interest C.styles D.habits 22.A.replace B.recognize C.protect D.influence 23.A.work B.write C.play D.read 24.A.decorating B.depending on C.exploring D.watching over 25.A.dream of B.get used to C.pay attention to D.join in 26.A.hardly B.hopelessly C.gradually D.exactly 27.A.celebrations B.discoveries C.explanations D.thanks 28.A.command B.drive C.change D.praise 29.A.travelers B.officers C.students D.teachers 30.A.sold B.promised C.offered D.bought 31.A.taxi B.classroom C.lorry D.hall 32.A.satisfied B.disappointed C.uncertain D.pleased 33.A.blame B.find C.understand D.avoid 34.A.referred B.admitted C.spread D.belonged 35.A.tips B.gifts C.medals D.words 36.A.goal B.efforts C.happiness D.shortcomings 37.A.reliable B.helpless C.smelly D.important 38.A.afternoon B.momning C.night D.daytime 39.A.boring B.cruel C.frightening D.amazing 40.A.act B.view C.failure D.request 6 海南中学2024级高一第二次月考英语试题（共7页） 命题：吴燕陈扬 审校：蔡慧 第二节单句语法填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分） 阅读下面单句，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 41.Chinese calligraphy is a kind of art importance has been widely valued. 42 is generally accepted,a balanced diet is important for maintaining good health. 43.The small company showed it was equal to (compete)with industry giants by launching innovative products. 44.She often swims to build up the (strong)ofher arms. 45.The mother was frightened because her son (trap)in the bumning house. 46.We were very impressed by the old man, was not willing to acknowledge defeat. 47.I'd appreciate if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come. 48.This report offered the most specific (describe)of the environmental problems resulting from global warming 49.The soldiers (rescue)injured hikers when a sudden storm hit the mountain. 50.The first thing should be done is to work out a plan. 51.Language is one of the (factor)that affect cultural exchange among countries 52.The captain of the ship is responsible the safety of all the passengers on board. 53.We're just trying to reach a point both sides will sit down together and talk 54.He is (suffer)from tension and doesn't know how to deal with it. 55.He decided to quit his highly-paid but (demand)job recently 56.The old man has two sons,both of are lawyers. 57.This is the factory you visited the other day 58.It is widely accepted that the age children can go to school is seven 59.This is an old building (date)back to the 14th century. 60.If my father makes up his mind to do something,nothing can change his mind.He is really a man of (determine). 海南中学2024级高一第二次月考 英语答案 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 1-3 BCA/B 4-7 CABB 8-11CBDA 12-15CBDA 16-20FBADE 第二部分 完形填空（满分30分）： 21-25 ACADB 26-30 ADBBC 31-35 ACBCD 36-40 BDCDA 单句语法填空（20分）： 41. whose 42. As 43. competing 44. strength 45. was trapped/had been trapped 46. who 47. it 48. description 49. were rescuing 50. that 51. factors 52. for 53. where 54. suffering 55. demanding 56. whom 57. that/which 58. when 59. dating 60. determination 解析 C篇 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章描述了手机上瘾的症状，为了控制人们使用手机，平衡生活，Kevin Holesh开发了一个app来控制人们使用手机的时间。 【8题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“You get anxious if there’s no wi-fi in the hotel or mobile phone signal up the mountain. You feel upset if your phone is getting low on power and you secretly worry things will go wrong at work if you’re not there. All these can be called “always on” stress caused by smart­phone addiction. (如果酒店里没有Wi-Fi，或者山上没有手机信号，你会很焦虑。如果你的手机电量不足，你会感到不安，你私下里担心如果你不在场，工作就会出问题。所有这些都可以被称为由智能手机成瘾引起的“在线”压力)”可知，第一段主要讲述了“在线”压力的各种迹象。故选C。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Pittsburgh­based developer Kevin Holesh was worried about how much he was ignoring his family and friends in favor of his iPhone. So he developed an app ——Moment —— to monitor his usage. (匹兹堡的开发者Kevin Holesh担心自己为了iPhone而忽视了家人和朋友。因此，他开发了一款名为Moment的app来监控自己的使用情况)”可知，Kevin Holesh开发了Moment来帮助人们控制手机的使用。故选B。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The effects of this ‘always on’ culture are that your mind is never resting, and you’re not giving your body time to recover, so you’re always stressed. And the more tired and stressed we get, the more mistakes we make. Physical and mental health can suffer. (这种“永远在线”的文化的影响是，你的大脑从来没有休息过，你没有给你的身体时间来恢复，所以你总是有压力。我们越累越有压力，就会犯越多的错误。身体和心理健康都会受到影响)”可知，克里斯汀·格兰特博士对“永远在线”文化抱有批判的态度。故选D。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“It actually makes it more difficult to make decisions and many do less because they’re controlled by it all and feel they can never escape the office (这实际上让做决定变得更加困难，许多人做得更少，因为他们被一切所控制，觉得他们永远无法逃离办公室)”可知，更多的数据意味着我们将变得更低效。故选A。 D篇 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了英语词根在英语单词学习中的重要作用。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The great thing is that it’s not hard to learn these roots and recognise the patterns. You’re not learning the whole language with its grammar and difficult points. You just need to memorise some parts of the vocabulary that you often see in English.(最棒的是，学习这些词根和识别模式并不难。你不是在学习整个语言的语法和难点。你只需要记住你经常在英语中看到的一些词汇)”可知，用词根理解生词需要拥有识别单词不同部分的能力，故选C。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“Every word has a root. (每个词都有词根)”可知，词根是构成一个单词必不可少的一部分，故选B。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第七段“You may have noticed that many words with “bio” have something to do with life or living beings(你可能已经注意到，许多带有“生物”的词与生命或生物有关)”以及“chemistry(化学)”推知，“biochemistry”的意思应当同时含有生物和化学的意思，故选D。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“By learning more about these roots and how they combine to create words, you will have an advantage in understanding new words, even if you’ve never seen them before.(通过更多地了解这些词根以及它们如何组合来创造单词，你将在理解新词方面拥有优势，即使你以前从未见过它们)”以及结合下文内容可知，全文主要讲述如何通过词根来更有效地学习新词汇。A项“理解新单词的秘诀”可以作为文章的最佳标题。故选A。 完形填空 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，由于作者大学位于偏远地区，学校雇佣了一些私人法律官员来保护作者和他同学们的安全；为了感谢法律官员们，作者他们深夜给法律官员送热巧克力，因为作者他们的慷慨行为，司机被他们的精神感染了，法律官员也感激他们，同时这也让作者觉得惊讶：一个小小的慷慨行为能提升每个人的精神，。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：考虑到我们的安全，学校雇佣了一些私人法律官员来保护我们。 A. safety安全性；B. interest兴趣；C. styles风格；D. habits习惯。由上一句“我们的学校处于偏远地区”和第3空后的keep us safe，可知是考虑到安全性。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：考虑到我们的安全，学校雇佣了一些私人法律官员来保护我们。 A. replace代替；B. recognize认出；C. protect保护；D. influence影响。由上文可知，是考虑到我们的安全性，学校才雇佣私人法律官员保护我们。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：情况并不像他们想象的那么可怕，但他们确实必须日以继夜地工作以保证我们的安全，整夜守护着大学。A. work工作；B. write写；C. play玩；D. read阅读。由语境可知，此处指的是“时刻保证他们的安全”，work around the clock是固定搭配，意为“日以继夜地工作、没日没夜地做”，符合文意。故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：情况并不像他们想象的那么可怕，但他们确实必须日以继夜地工作以保证我们的安全，整夜守护着大学。 A. decorating装饰；B. depending on依靠；C. exploring探索；D. watching over守护、照看。由上文可知，学校要时时刻刻要保护我们的安全，所以要整夜守护大学。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在很大程度上，这并不是一份令人感激的工作，因为大多数人习惯于看到身边的法律官员。A. dream of梦想；B. get used to习惯于……；C. pay attention to注意；D. join in加入。此句是as由引导的原因状语从句，人们觉得这并不是一份令人感激的工作，是因为人们习惯于看到身边的法律官员，反而没了感恩的心。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：以至于人们甚至几乎没有注意到法律官员的存在。A. hardly几乎不；B. hopelessly绝望地；C. gradually渐渐地；D. exactly准确地。由上一句可知，人们习惯于看到身边的法律官员，所以几乎注意不到法律官员的存在。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们如何表达我们的谢意呢？A. celebrations庆祝；B. discoveries发现；C. explanations解释；D. thanks谢意。由后文可知，我们做了一些热巧克力给法律官员以感谢他们。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，我们找到了一个出租车司机，让他开车带我们去学校转转，我们知道法律官员会在那里。A. command控制；B. drive开车；C. change改变；D. praise表扬。由常识可知，a taxi driver是开车的。故选B项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，我们找到了一个出租车司机，让他开车带我们去学校转转，我们知道法律官员会在那里。A. travelers旅行者；B. officers官员；C. students学生；D. teachers老师。由上文可知，学校请了一些法律官员来学校保护我们的安全，officers是文章的重点信息。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：午夜时分，我们从出租车后面的大锅里给他们每人一杯热巧克力。A. sold卖；B. promised承诺；C. offered提供；D. bought买。由上文可知，热巧克力是我们向法律官员展示的谢意，所以是我们把热巧克力提供法律官员。故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：午夜时分，我们从出租车后面的大锅里给他们每人一杯热巧克力。A. taxi出租车；B. classroom教室；C. lorry卡车；D. hall大厅。由最后一段中的in the back of the taxi with a big pot of hot chocolate可知，大锅是放在出租车的后面。故选A项。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：出租车司机起初对整个计划有点不确定。A. satisfied满意的；B. disappointed失望的；C. uncertain不确定的；D. pleased开心的。but前后两句表转折，由下一句“但过了一会儿，他肯定会帮我们找到法律官员”可知，一开始司机对整个计划是不确定的。故选C项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但过了一会儿，他肯定会帮我们找到法律官员。A. blame责备；B. find发现、找到；C. understand理解；D. avoid避免。由上文可知，我们让出租车司机开车带我们去学校转转找法律官员，所以此处指帮助我们找法律官员。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的良好精神也传到了他身上。A. referred提及；B. admitted承认；C. spread传播、扩散；D. belonged属于。由上文可知，司机一开始对整个计划不确定到最后肯定帮助我们找法律官员，说明我们的精神传播到了司机身上。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们从法律官员那里得到了许多微笑和感谢的话语，如“万分感谢”和“你真好”，以及困惑。A. tips提示；B. gifts礼物；C. medals奖章；D. words话语。由thanks a million和it’s very kind of you可知，这些都是话语。故选D项。 【36题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为他们说，学生很少注意到他们在工作中的努力。A. goal目标；B. efforts努力；C. happiness幸福；D. shortcomings缺点。由上文可知，人们习惯于看到身边的法律官员以至于几乎注意不到法律官员的存在，所以对于我们注意到他们的努力（保护我们在校园的安全），他们很感激也很困惑。故选B项。 【37题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后，热巧克力似乎没有他们对认识我们的兴趣重要。A. reliable可靠的；B. helpless绝望的；C. smelly难闻的；D. important重要的。由上文可知，我们因为注意到了（其他人不会注意到的）法律官员的努力而引起了他们的兴趣，这比热巧克力重要。故选D项。 【38题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那个美丽的夜晚，我们坐在出租车后面，端着一大锅热巧克力，谈笑风生。A. afternoon下午；B. morning早上；C. night夜晚；D. daytime白天。由第9空后的at midnight可知，此事发生在夜晚。故选C项。 【39题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看到一个小小的慷慨行为能提升每个人的精神，真是太惊讶了。A. boring无聊的；B. cruel残酷的；C. frightening令人恐惧的；D. amazing令人惊讶的。由上文可知，因为我们的慷慨行为，司机被我们的精神感染了，法律官员也感激我们，这让我们觉得太惊讶了。故选D项。 【40题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到一个小小的慷慨行为能提升每个人的精神，真是太惊讶了。A. act行为；B. view观点；C. failure失败；D. request请求。由上文可知，我们深夜给法律官员送热巧克力是一个小小的慷慨行为。故选A项。 单句语法填空（共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分） 阅读下面单句，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 41. Chinese calligraphy is a kind of art importance has been widely valued. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：中国书法是一种艺术，其重要性已被广泛重视。定语从句修饰先行词calligraphy，关系词在从句作定语，应用whose。故填whose。 42. is generally accepted, a balanced diet is important for maintaining good health. 【答案】As 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：人们普遍认为，均衡的饮食对保持良好的健康至关重要。本题为as引导的非限制性定语从句。 43. The small company showed it was equal to (compete) with industry giants by launching innovative products. 【答案】competing 【详解】考查短语。句意：这家小公司通过推出创新产品，证明了它足以与行业巨头竞争。考察短语be equal to doing，“胜任做某事”。此处填competing。 44. She often swims to build up the (strong) of her arms. 【答案】strength 【详解】考查名词。句意：她经常游泳以增强手臂的力量。由句意及空前的build up the可知，设空处应填strong的名词形式strength作宾语，意为“力量”，为不可数名词。故填strength。 45. The mother was frightened because her son (trap) in the burning house. 【答案】was trapped 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：母亲很害怕，因为她的儿子被困在着火的房子里。分析句意可知，本句时态为一般过去时，因为trap和从句中的主语her son之间是被动关系，所以从句用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语动词用be+过去分词，又因为her son是第三人称单数形式，所以be动词用was。故答案为was trapped。 46. We were very impressed by the old man, was not willing to acknowledge defeat. 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：那位不服输的老人给我们留下了深刻的印象。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词the old man，指人，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词who引导。故填who。 47. I’d appreciate if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come. 【答案】it 【详解】考查固定句型。Id appreciate it if...为固定句型，意为“如果……我将不胜感激”，因此空格处为it。 48. This report offered the most specific ______ (describe) of the environmental problems resulting from global warming. 【答案】description 【详解】考查名词。句意：这个报告针对全球变暖导致的环境问题给出了最具体的描述。分析句子结构可知，空处作offered的宾语，故用名词形式。故填description。 49. The soldiers (rescue) injured hikers when a sudden storm hit the mountain. 【答案】were rescuing 【详解】考查时态。句意：士兵们正在营救受伤的徒步旅行者时，突然来了一场暴风雨。be doing...when...正在做某事的时候，突然……。根据从句时态可知，用过去进行时。主语The soldiers是复数，谓语动词用were。故填were rescuing。 50. The first thing should be done is to work out a plan. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：应该做的第一件事是制定一个计划。分析句子可知，设空处在句中引导一个定语从句，修饰前面的名词thing，从句中缺少主语，先行词表示物，且先行词前面有序数词first修饰，此处应用that引导。故填that。 51. Language is one of the (factor) that affect cultural exchange among countries. 【答案】factors 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：语言是影响国家间文化交流的因素之一。分析句子，设空处使用名词作宾语，factor为可数名词，意为“因素”，根据空前one of the可知设空处表示复数意义，应填factors，构成“one of the+名词复数”的结构。故填factors。 52. The captain of the ship is responsible the safety of all the passengers on board. 【答案】for 【详解】考查介词。句意：船长对船上所有乘客的安全负责。短语be responsible for表示“对……负责”。故填for。 53. We’re just trying to reach a point both sides will sit down together and talk. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们尝试达到一个阶段，双方都可以坐下来洽谈。先行词是抽象名词point，定语从句不缺少主语和宾语，应作地点状语。故答案是where。 54. He is (suffer) from tension and doesn’t know how to deal with it. 【答案】suffering 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他受到紧张情绪的困扰，不知道该如何处理。suffer from与主语是逻辑主谓关系，应用主动语态，由空前is可知，应用现在分词，构成现在进行时，表示正在发生的事情。故填suffering。 55. He decided to quit his highly-paid but  (demand) job recently. 【答案】demanding 【详解】考查词性转换。句意：最近他决定辞去那份高薪但要求极高的工作。空白处作定语修饰job，故填分词形容词demanding，意为“要求高的”。 56. The old man has two sons, both of are lawyers.. 【答案】whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这位老人有两个儿子，都是律师。分析句子结构可知，“both of are lawyers”是介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，从句缺介词of的宾语，先行词是“sons”，指人，故用关系代词whom引导从句。故答案是whom。 57. This is the factory you visited the other day. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这就是你前几天参观的工厂。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the factory，指物，且关系词在从句中作visited的宾语，应用that/which引导定语从句，故填that/which。 58. It is widely accepted that the age ______ children can go to school is seven. 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：众所周知，孩子上学的年龄是七岁。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词“the age”，且在定语从句中作时间状语，所以用关系副词when引导该从句。故填when。 59. This is an old building (date) back to the 14th century. 【答案】dating 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这是一座可以追溯到14世纪的老建筑。句中谓语是is，空格处用非谓语动词，building和date back to之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，故填dating。 60. If my father makes up his mind to do something, nothing can change his mind. He is really a man of (determine). 【答案】determination 【详解】考查名词。句意：如果我父亲决定做某事，什么也不能改变他的想法。他真是一个有决心的人。“of+抽象名词”相当于对应含义的形容词，在介词of后应用名词determination表示“决心”作宾语。故填determination。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $