专题04 Units 7～8高频考点+语法感叹句祈使句时间状语从句（期末复习讲义）七年级英语下学期新教材沪教版

专题 Units ~6（期末复习讲义） 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期末考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 复习目标 复习重点： 1. 掌握描述人物品质、情感、成就的形容词 如 well-respected, eager, proud, curious, lively, dead, possible, extremely, bored, interested 等，以及 -ing/-ed 结尾形容词的辨析（如 boring/bored, interesting/interested, exciting/excited）。 2.理解并运用以下句型： spend time/money (in) doing sth. / on sth. be eager to do sth. / be eager for sth. devote oneself to (doing) sth. be interested in / be proud of / be curious about used to do / be used to doing / be used to do see / hear sb. do sth.（全过程） / see / hear sb. doing sth.（正在进行） 3.掌握以下语法与词汇搭配： 表示“花费”的 spend / pay / cost / take（跨单元常考点） 表示“数量”的修饰词：many/much, a few/few, a little/little, too many/too much, much too, enough 情态动词：can/could（能力、请求、推测），may（请求、推测、祝愿），must（必须、肯定推测），have to（不得不），need（需要），should（应该） 感叹句与祈使句的结构转换 used to do / didn‘t use to 的肯定、否定、疑问句式 复习难点： 1.区分并正确使用以 -ing 和 -ed 结尾的形容词（如 boring / bored, scary / scared, exciting / excited, tiring / tired, interesting / interested）。 2.在写作和完形中灵活运用 spend / pay / cost / take 表达“花费”，并区分主语与句型结构。（本单元虽未重点讲解，但作为跨单元常考点保留） 3.区分 receive 与 accept：receive 是客观“收到”，accept 是主观“接受”。 4.区分 used to do（过去常常）、be used to doing（习惯于）、be used to do（被用来做）。 5.区分 too much + 不可数名词 / too many + 可数名词复数 / much too + 形容词/副词。 6.区分感叹句结构：What + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词 + 主谓；How + 形容词/副词 + 主谓；注意不可数名词和复数名词前不用 a/an。 7.时间状语从句的时态：主句将来时，从句一般现在时（主将从现）；主句过去时，从句相应过去时。 8.祈使句与 if 条件状语从句的转换：祈使句 + and/or + 句子 = If 从句 + 主句。 考情规律 词汇运用：侧重 receive / accept, award, engineering, education, spend, hear of, found, achieve, well-respected, eager, devote oneself to, live a … life, be interested in, public, contributions, praise, put out, dead, stop … from, be proud of, 等在具体语境中的选择，以及hear of, be eager for, devote … to, make contributions to, praise sb. for, stop sb. from doing, be proud of, be curious about,的介词搭配。 句型转换/翻译：常涉及感叹句与陈述句互换（What/How 结构）；祈使句与 if 条件状语从句互换（祈使句 + and/or + 句子 ↔ If … will …）；used to do 的肯定、否定、疑问句转换（He used to … → He didn‘t use to … → Did he use to …?）；时间状语从句的时态填空（主将从现，主过从过）；spend / pay / cost / take 的句型转换（It takes sb. time to do ↔ sb. spends time doing）；含 devote oneself to, be eager to, be proud of, be interested in, be curious about, dream of doing, compare…to/with 的汉译英等。 Unit 7 知识点1 received & award In 1999, he received the "Two Bombs and One Satellite" merit award.1999年，他获得了“两弹一星”优秀奖。 ① receive v. 收到；接到；拿到。  She received an award for her hard work. 她因努力工作而获得了奖项。 I received a gift from my friend。 我收到了朋友送的礼物。 辨析receive和accept ② award :既可以作名词，也可以作动词，以下是详细介绍： A.作名词：意为“奖；奖品；奖金；奖状”。常见搭配有“win an award（获得奖项）”“give an award（颁奖）”“an award ceremony（颁奖典礼）”等。 She won an award for her excellent performance in the play.（她因在剧中的出色表演而获奖。） B.作动词：意为“授予；奖励；判给”。常见用法有“award sb. sth.（授予某人某物）”，也可以用“award sth. to sb. ”。 In 1939, he was awarded a doctorate in aerospace engineering and mathematics.（P101） 1939年，他被授予航空航天工程和数学博士学位。 The committee awarded him the first prize.（委员会授予他一等奖。） 1．Chinese writer Hai Ya won the Hugo Award for Best Novelette ________ his work The Space-Time Painter. A．for B．as C．of D．to 2．I________ an invitation to the party, but I didn’t ________ it because I was busy. A．received; accept B．received; receive C．accepted; accept D．accepted; receive 知识点2 engineering & education He studied engineering at Shanghai Jiao Tong University and then went to further his education in the USA.他在上海交通大学学习工程学，然后去美国深造。 ①engineering n. 工程学 → engineer n. 工程师 ② education n. 教育→ educate v. 教育→ educator n.教师；教育家 →educational adj. 具有教育意义的 further one’s education进一步深造； further 在这里作动词，意为 “增进；促进”。 Lots of students dream of furthering their education abroad.许多学生梦想着到国外继续深造。 1.他选择出国深造。 He chooses to go abroad to . 知识点3 spend After that, he spent many years teaching and doing research at universities in the USA. 在那之后，他在美国的大学里从事了多年的教学和研究工作。 ① spend v. 花费 （spent 过去式；spent 过去分词） spend...doing sth. 花（时间）做某事 Yesterday I spent an hour doing homework.昨天我花了一个小时做作业。 ② do research 做研究（注意：research表示“研究；探索”这一抽象概念时，是不可数的。） 四大花费用法辨析（cost、spend、pay、take） 用所给词（spend,  take,  cost,  pay）的正确形式填空。 1．Tom $200 for the coat yesterday. 2．He much time on his homework last night. 3．It us an hour to finish the work last Monday. 4．Does your son an hour doing his homework after school? 5．The bike me 200 yuan and it was cheap. 6．—It ________ me 15 minutes to listen to English every morning. —That’s good. It’s necessary for you to ________ some time improving your English. A．cost; take B．spends; take C．takes; spend D．take; spend 知识点4 hear of & found However, he decided to return to China when he heard of the founding of the People's Republic of China.然而，当他听说中华人民共和国成立时，他决定回国。 hear of 听说；得悉 （近义表达：hear about） hear from sb.(收到某人的来信) found v. 建立 → founded （过去式）→ founded （过去分词） the founding of ... ......的建立 be founded 被建立 The People's Republic of China was founded in 1949. 中华人民共和国是在1949年建立的。 We are excited about the founding of the Art Club. 我们对艺术俱乐部的成立感到兴奋。 1.听说了免费午餐活动后，我们计划每周买五十盒牛奶给这个学校。 After the Free Lunch Activity, we planned to buy fifty cartons of milk a week for this school. 2．The People’s Republic of China was （found）on 1st October, 1949. 知识点5 achieve of & well-respected While in the USA, Qian achieved lots of success and he was a well-respected person in his field. 在美国期间，钱取得了很大的成功，他在他的领域是一个受人尊敬的人。 achieve v. 达到；实现 →achievement n. 成就；功绩；实现 achieve one's dream=realize one’s dream = make one’s dream come true 实现某人的梦想 achieved lots of success 获得巨大的成功 well-respected adj. 受尊敬的（respected 是respect的过去分词，意为受尊敬的），类似的表达还有 well-dressed （adj. 穿着入时的；穿着考究的）；well-known（adj.知名的，著名的）等。 field：n.领域；还有“田地；运动场；战场”的意思。 in the field of... 在......领域 in the field 在田野里；在野外 1.为了实现你的梦想，你必须比以往更加努力。 In order to , you must work harder than ever. 2.High-speed trains are seen as one of the greatest （achieve）of China. 知识点6 achieve of & well-respected He was eager to bring his knowledge and skills to his homeland and began planning his return. 他渴望将自己的知识和技能带到祖国，并开始计划回国。 eager 是形容词，意为 “渴望的；热切的”; be eager to do sth. 渴望做某事 be eager for sth. 渴望某事(物) Tom is eager to travel around the world. 汤姆渴望环游世界。 begin doing sth. =begin to do开始做某事 1.她渴望离开喧闹的城市，回归大自然。 She get away from the noisy city and back to nature. 2.—These children all study hard. —You’re right. This is because they are all eager ________ knowledge. A．for B．on C．at 知识点7 devote oneself to Qian devoted himself to his country, and his great work brought honour and success to China. 钱将自己奉献给了祖国，他的伟大事业为中国带来了荣誉和成功。 devote oneself to 致力于；献身于。注意：此时“to”是介词，后面加名词、代词、或v-ing。 devote sth. to... 把(时间、金钱、生命等)奉献给...... She devoted herself to helping the poor. 她致力于帮助穷人。 He decided to devote his life to helping others. 他决定将一生奉献于帮助他人。 He devoted five years to researching the effects of climate change. 他奉献5年时间研究气候变化的影响。 1.The scientists like Yuan Longping and Qian Xuesen devoted their lives ______ for our country. A．to working B．to work C．for working D．working 2.张桂梅致力于改善贫困女孩的教育。 Zhang Guimei improving poor girls’ education. 知识点8 live a ... life & be interested in Still, Qian lived a simple life and was not interested in fame or money. 尽管如此，钱过着简朴的生活，对名利不感兴趣。 live a ... life 过着……生活 例如：live a happy/ better/ hard life 过幸福的/ 更好的/ 艰苦的生活 be interested in 对…… 感兴趣 interest n. 兴趣 v. 使感兴趣 →①interested adj.感兴趣的 ② interesting adj. 有趣的 一言辨析： He is interested in the interesting story. 他对这个有趣的故事很感兴趣。 1.我们应该通过吃健康食物和锻炼来过健康的生活。 _________________________________________________by eating good food and exercising. 2.他对历史感兴趣，经常参观博物馆。 _________________________________________________ 3.戴维对科学很感兴趣，他去年在学校加入了科学俱乐部。 David so science he joined the Science Club at school last year. 4.What ________ me most is its ________ sights. A．interests; interested B．interests; interesting C．interesting; interesting D．interested; interested 5．It’s such an ________ film that all the students are ________ in it. A．interesting; interested B．interested; interesting C．interesting;interesting D．interested; interested 知识点9 public & contributions & praise If after I die the public feels I have made some contributions during my life，that approval would be the highest praise of all. 如果我死后，百姓觉得我在生前做出了一些贡献，这种认可将是最高赞誉。 public n. 百姓，民众； adj. 公众的；公共的；公开场合的 the public 公众，民众 in public 公开地，当众 注意：“the public”表示“公众，民众”，是集合名词，作主语时谓语动词的形式要根据具体语境来确定： ①把公众看作一个整体，此时谓语动词用单数形式。 The public is concerned about the environmental issues.（公众关注环境问题。） ②强调公众中的个体成员，此时谓语动词用复数形式。 The public have different opinions on this policy.（公众对这项政策有不同的看法。） contributions n. 贡献 → contribute v. 贡献 make a contribution to/ make contributions to.. 对......做出贡献 contribute to 有助于，促成；对…贡献 contribute...to... 把……贡献给……；为……做贡献 Every little bit helps. Even a small action can make a contribution to saving the planet. 积少成多，即使一个小小的行动也能为拯救地球做出贡献。 His hard work contributed to the success of the business.他的努力工作促成了生意的成功。 He decided to contribute his savings to the charity to help those in need. 他决定把自己的积蓄捐给慈善机构，以帮助那些有需要的人。 praise n./ v. 称赞；赞扬 praise sb. for sth.：因某事赞扬某人。 in praise of：歌颂；为赞扬…… win high praise from sb. : 获得某人的高度赞扬 The teacher praised him for his hard work. 老师因他努力学习而表扬了他。 He wrote a poem in praise of the natural beauty. 他写了一首诗赞美自然美景。 His book won high praise from the public.他的书赢得了公众的高度赞扬。 1.我们应该为保护环境做贡献。 We should protecting the environment. 2.She got a lot of （praise）for her excellent acting in a film.（用所给词的正确形式填空） 3.Li Hua was praised by the teacher ________ his honesty. A．for B．by C．of D．with 4．—Peter always wins ________ praise from all the teachers and classmates, but he never shows off. —I agree. He is so modest (谦虚的). A．low B．expensive C．cheap D．high 知识点10 put out Once we land, we race to put out the fire. 我们一着陆，就忙着灭火。 put out ： 扑灭 常考put相关的短语 put away 收拾；放妥；放弃  put off 推迟；延期；脱掉 put on 上演；穿上，体重增加 put… into 把  放入，表达；翻译 put down 放下；写下 put up 举起；竖起；张贴 1.You’d better ______ your cigarette. It’s non----smoking area here. A．put down B．put off C．put on D．put out 2．This is my new bedroom. I want to a picture on the wall. A．put in B．put up C．put on D．put out 3．Mary and Alice are planning to _____ a drama on the Open Day. A．put on B．put up C．put out D．put off 知识点11 dead & stop sb. from doing sth. We use simple tools to clear away dead leaves and trees to stop fires from spreading. 我们使用简单的工具清理枯叶和树木，以阻止火势蔓延。 dead：形容词，意为“死的；去世的”； leaves是leaf 的复数形式。单词释义 die：动词，意为“死；去世；逝世” death：名词，意为“死；死亡” He died last year.他去年去世了。 I cried because my pet dog was dead.我哭了，因为我的宠物狗死了。 She was sad about her grandfather's death.她对她爷爷的去世难过不已。 stop sb. (from)doing sth. 阻止某人做某事= keep sb. from doing sth. =prevent sb.(from) doing sth. The heavy rain stopped us (from) going on a picnic.大雨阻止了我们去野餐。 Parents should stop children (from) playing computer games for too long. 家长应该阻止孩子们长时间玩电脑游戏。 1．At last, the poor old man was_____.But people didn't know the reason of his _____. A．died. death B．dead, death C．dead, die D．death. dead 2.树木能阻止风把泥土吹走。(完成译句) Trees can the wind blowing away the earth. 知识点12 be proud of... However, I am very proud of what I do.然而，我为我的工作感到非常自豪。 be proud of... 为... 而自豪 proud 的名词是“pride”。be proud of... 为... 而自豪= take pride in...，后可加名词、代词、v-ing 或宾语从句。 You should be proud of helping others.（你应该为帮助他人而感到自豪。） I am proud of my country.（我为我的国家感到骄傲。） 1．— Are you ________ of our school? — Of course. I take ________ in the beautiful environment and the study atmosphere (氛围). A．pride; pride B．proud; pride C．pride; proud 2.作为一名中国人，我为我们伟大的祖国感到自豪。 Unit 8 知识点1 抽象名词+be+to do/ be... My dream job is to be a photographer. 我梦想的工作是当摄影师。 句型不定式作表语: 抽象名词+be+to do/ be... 当句子的主语是抽象名词（如 goal, dream, purpose, job 等）时，常用 不定式（to do） 作表语，说明主语的具体内容或目标。 His goal is to become a doctor.（他的目标是成为一名医生。） The purpose of this meeting is to solve the problem.（这次会议的目的是解决问题。） 1.The zoo keeper’s job is ________ and take care of animals. A．to feed B．feeding C．feed D．fed 2.我的梦想是成为一名宇航员。 be an astronaut. 3.我的爱好是收集全世界的硬币。 知识点2 possible Look at the hobbies and suggest possible jobs from the list.看看这些爱好并从列表中提出可能的工作. possible adj.可能的 →①impossible adj.不可能的 ② possibly adv.可能地 ③ possibility n.可能性 常用句型：It’ s possible / impossible for sb.+ to do sth. 做某事对某人来说是可能/ 不可能的 It’ possible for us to finish the task in one week.我们有可能在一周内完成这项任务。 常用短语：as+ adj./ adv.+as possible: 尽可能...... 如：as soon as possible 尽快； as much as possible 尽可能多 We will finish the project as soon as possible. 我们将尽快完成这个项目。 1.—Lucy, I’m poor in English. Could you give me some advice? —You can speak English as __________ as possible. A．much B．many C．more D．most 2.尽快做这些事情对我们来说很重要。 It is important for us to do these things . 3．乘公交车到达那里是可能的。 get there by bus. 知识点3 the beginning of & lifetime interest That was the beginning of my lifetime interest. 那是我一生爱好的开始。 the beginning of :...... 的开始 at the beginning of VS. in the beginning At the beginning of the book, the author introduces the main characters.在书的开头，作者介绍了主要角色。 In the beginning, humans relied on hunting and gathering.起初，人类依靠狩猎和采集为生。 总结：at the beginning of + 具体时间段/事件（强调明确起点）= at the start of in the beginning（单独使用，泛指“最初阶段”）= at first lifetime interest 终身兴趣 interest的用法 ①作名词，表示“兴趣；业余爱好”时，可用单数或复数（但含义不同）。常用短语: have no interest in He has an interest in photography.他对摄影很感兴趣。（具体兴趣） She pursued her interests in art and music.她追求自己对艺术和音乐的兴趣。（多种兴趣） ②作动词，意为“使感兴趣,吸引”。 This book interests me.这本书很吸引我。 ③interested：感兴趣的； interesting：有趣的；常用短语： be interested in 对......感兴趣 The movie was interesting. 这部电影很有趣。 From that day on,she became really interested in animals. 从那天起，她就对动物产生了浓厚的兴趣。（教材原句） 1．Jane is ________ university student. She enjoyed her university life at ________ beginning, but she’s bored with it now. A．a; the B．an; the C．a; / D．an; / 2．我的梦想是成为一名音乐家，我对绘画没有兴趣。 My dream is to be a musician, and I painting. 3．我过去喜欢听音乐，但我现在对打篮球感兴趣。 I liked listening to music before, but I basketball now. 4．在新学期开始时，我们制定了一些新的班级规则。 the new term, we make some new class rules. 5．起初，我们公司只有15人。 , there were only 15 people in our company. 知识点4 used to do/ be & on clear nights I used to go outside with my mum on clear nights and look at the sky.我曾经在晴朗的夜晚和妈妈一起出去看天空。 used to do/ be 过去常常（做……），曾经 She used to be a shy girl.她过去是个害羞的女孩。 辨析used to do sth.;be/get used to doing sth.; be used to do sth. I used to ride a bike. 我以前经常骑自行车。 I'm used to getting up early. 我习惯早起了。 This knife is used to cut bread. 这把刀子是用来切面包的。 =This knife is used for cutting bread. on clear nights 在晴朗的夜晚。当表示在具体某一天的上午、下午、晚上等时段时，通常用介词“on”。 如：on sunny mornings（在晴朗的上午） on rainy afternoons（在下雨的下午） 1．Jack used to ________ late. But now he is used to ________ up early. A．sleep; get B．sleeping; getting C．sleep; getting D．sleeping; get 3．—Do you ________ the life here, Jim? —Sure, but I ________ dislike the local food. A．get used to; used to B．used to; get used to C．used to; didn’t use to 3．—I hear your grandpa has an old cup in your home. —Yes. It ____________ drinking tea long ago, my grandpa ____________ drink tea with it. A．was used to；was used to B．used for；used to C．was used for；used to D．used to；used for 4．The group of volunteers arrived _______ a poor town _______ a rainy morning. A．in; at B．at; on C．at; in D．in; in 知识点5 look like It looked like black velvet with a million diamonds on it.它看起来像黑色天鹅绒，上面镶着一百万颗钻石。 look like 看起来像（此时like作介词） You look like your mother.（你看起来像你妈妈。） The moon looks like a big silver plate tonight.（今晚月亮看起来像个大银盘。） look相关的短语 1．Everyone says he________ his father. They both have big and black eyes. A．looks at B．looks for C．looks after D．looks like 2．—Can you _______my clothes when I play basketball, Millie?      —Of course. A．look at B．look after C．look for D．look like 3．She ______ his number in the phone book to make sure that she had got it right. A．looked for B．looked up C．looked after D．looked like 知识点6 see sb./sth. do sth. & shoot across In summer, we saw Vega shine brightly as it got dark.Sometimes we saw stars shooting across the sky.在夏天，当夜幕降临时，我们看到织女星发出明亮的光芒。有时我们看到星星划过天空。 see sb./sth. do sth. 和see sb./ sth. doing see sb./sth. do sth.:该结构强调看到动作发生的全过程，或者经常看到某一动作。这里的“do sth.”是不带to的不定式，描述的是一个完整的、已完成的动作。 I often see him play basketball on the playground after school.我经常看到他放学后在操场上打篮球。 She saw the bird fly away.她看到那只鸟飞走了。 see sb./ sth. doing:侧重于描述看到某人或某物正在处于某个动作的进行当中。 He saw a dog lying under the tree.他看到一只狗正躺在树下。 shoot across： 掠过；划过；飞过 shoot v. 冲；奔；飞驰→ shot (过去式) 1．We often see the old _______ Taiji to keep healthy on the square every morning. A．plays B．to play C．play D．played 2．I saw the boys _________ on the playground when I passed by yesterday afternoon. A．to run B．ran C．running D．run 3．When I walked under the tree, I heard many birds ________ in it. A．singing B．to sing C．sing D．will sing 知识点7 studying the starts & extremely Studying the stars was great fun for me and I was extremely curious about the night sky. 研究星星对我来说很有趣，我对夜空非常好奇。 单个动名词（doing sth. ）做主语，谓语动词用是单数。 Swimming is good for health. 游泳对健康有益。 Learning a new language requires patience.学习一门新语言需要耐心。 extremely adv. 极其；极端；非常 （程度副词） 这部电影非常有趣。 ________________________________________________________ curious adj. 好奇的 → curiosity n. 好奇；好奇心 【短语】be curious about 对...好奇的 She is curious about different cultures. 她对不同的文化感到好奇。 1．________ to English songs ________ a good way to learn English. A．Listen, is B．Listening, is C．Listen, are D．Listening, are 2．________ good neighbours makes our life more pleasant. We should get along well with them. A．Have B．Having C．Had D．To having 3．The little boy is curious ________ everything in his daily life. He likes to ask “why” about many things. A．with B．about C．in D．on 4.这个小男孩对他周围的一切都很好奇。 The little boy ⁠ everything around him. 知识点8 increase So I read a lot about the topic,and my understanding increased as I grew older. 所以我读了很多关于这个话题的书。随着年龄的增长，我的理解也越来越深。 increase v. 增加；增长；增多； 也可做名词。 例句：The temperature increases in summer. （夏天温度会上升。） There was a big increase in his grades. （他的成绩有了很大的提高。） increase by（增加了多少） 用法：表示“增加了某个数量或百分比”，后面接具体数值。 My pocket money increased by 20 yuan this month.（我的零花钱这个月增加了20元。） The price of apples increased by 5%.（苹果的价格上涨了5%。） increase to（增加到多少） 用法：表示“从原来的数量增加到某个总数”，后面接最终数值。 The temperature increased to 25°C today.（今天温度上升到了25摄氏度。） My savings increased to 500 yuan.（我的存款增加到了500元。） 总结：increase by + 数值 → 强调“增加了多少”（差值）。 increase to + 数值 → 强调“最终达到多少”（总数）。 1.— It’s said that the price of the houses in this area has increased ________ 40% in the past 5 years. — Yes, it has increased ________￥25,000 per square meter. A．to; to B．to; by C．by; to D．by; by 知识点9 teach sb. about sth. & in a lively way 9】..and I teach my audience about the different stars in a lively way. ......我以一种生动的方式向观众讲解不同的星星。 teach sb. about sth. 用法：表示“教某人关于某事”，“teach”是及物动词，后面接双宾语，即“sb.”（间接宾语）和“about sth.”（直接宾语）。 teach的主要用法 in a lively way：以一种生动有趣的方式 （注意介词的使用） lively： adj. 充满趣味的；令人兴奋的 He told a lively story and it made us laugh. 他讲了一个生动有趣的故事，让我们都笑了。 以-ly结尾的形容词：friendly友好的；lovely可爱的、美好的；lonely孤独的、寂寞的； daily每日的、日常的；weekly每周的；deadly 致命的 等等。 live, living, alive与lively的区别 词条 含义及用法 alive 意为“活的, 活着的”, 没有比较级和最高级, 可用作表语和后置定语。例如： He was still alive after the accident.（事故之后他还活着。） Who is the greatest man alive?（当今最伟大的人是谁？） living 意为“活着的; 现存的”, 指人或物可用作表语和定语, 作定语时要放在所修饰的名词前。例如： All living things need water.（所有生物都需要水。） He is the greatest living writer.（他是在世的最伟大的作家。） live 意为“活的；直播的；现场直播的”, 可作定语, 指动物或植物, 不能用来指人。例如： We watched a live football match.（我们观看了一场现场直播的足球比赛。） The cat is playing with a live mouse.（猫正在玩一只活老鼠。） lively 意为“活泼的；充满生气的；生动的” ，可用作定语、表语和宾语补足语,，可用来修饰人、物或氛围等。例如： She is a lively girl.（她是个活泼的女孩。） The party was very lively.（聚会很热闹。） He gave a lively description of the event.（他对事件作了生动的描述。） 1．然后导游教我们如何制作机器人模型。 Then the guide us a model robot. 2.人们用不同的方式庆祝春节。 People celebrate the Spring Festival in . 3. 选词填空（ live, living, alive，lively） ①The fish is still ______ after being out of water for a long time. ②We watched a ______ football game on TV last night. ③She is a ______ girl and everyone likes her. ④All ______ things need sunlight and water. 知识点10 last & be proud of My TV programme has lasted more than 50 years，and I am really proud of that! 我的电视节目已经持续播出 50多年了。 last ①v. 持续 ；延续 The meeting only lasted (for) a few minutes. 会议只持续了几分钟。 be proud of 为……感到骄傲；为……自豪 Her parents are very proud of her.她的父母以她为自豪。 (1) be proud to do sth. 为做某事而感到自豪 She is proud to help the old people in the nursing home.她为能在养老院帮助老人们而感到自豪。 (2) be proud + that从句 为……感到自豪 They are proud that their team has won the first prize.他们为自己的团队获得一等奖而感到骄傲。 1.The hot weather will last for a week.(同义词) A．care B．stop C．continue D．work 2.Our school art festival ________ till the end of October every year. A．last B．lasted C．will last D．lasts 3．我对通过努力赢得名声和赞誉感到很自豪。 I feel the fame and praise through my hard work. 4．我们感到多么自豪！ we feel! 5．作为中国人，我们为我国的高铁感到自豪。 As Chinese people, we    our high-speed trains. 知识点11 actually & turn... into... Actually,you too can turn your interests into your career. 事实上，你也可以把你的兴趣变成你的事业。 actually adv. 事实上= in fact actual adj. 真实的，实际的；真正的 turn... into... 把......变成... Water turns into ice at 0℃. 水在0度变成冰。 After 20 years of hard work, the people ______ their hometown ______ a modern city. A．put; with B．turned; into C．changed; for D．grew; like 知识点12 feel bored with sth./ doing sth. I never feel bored with dancing. 我从来不会对跳舞感到厌烦。 feel bored with sth./ doing sth. 对......感到厌烦的 I feel bored with this kind of TV show.我对这类电视节目感到厌烦。 He feels bored with doing the same work every day.他对每天做同样的工作感到厌倦。 bored： 感到无聊的；感到厌烦的 boring：adj. 令人厌烦的，无聊的 I'm really bored with this boring lecture.我真的对这场无聊的讲座感到厌烦透顶了。 1.The movie was so ______ that I fell asleep halfway through it. A. bored B. boring C. bore D. to bore 2. She soon ______ the new job because it was too easy for her. A. felt bored in B. felt bored with C. felt boring with D. felt boring about 知识点13 16-year-old & dream When she was a 16-year-old schoolgirl, Jane dreamt of a career studying wild animals in Africa.当她还是个16岁的女学生时，简就梦想着以研究非洲野生动物为职业。 16-year-old：意为“ 16岁的”，是一个合成形容词。主要用于修饰名词，且一般放在被修饰名词之前，起到限定或描述该名词的作用。不能作表语。 He is a five-year-old boy。他是个五岁的男孩。 This is a three-meter-long rope. 这是一根三米长的绳子。 dream n. 梦（想）；理想/ v. 做梦；渴望; 梦想 →过去式：dreamt/ dreamed dream of+ n/ doing sth.： v. 梦想某物/ 梦想做某事... achieve one’s dream= make one’s dream come true 实现某人的梦想 I dream of a big house by the sea.我梦想着有一座海边的大房子。 She dreams of becoming a famous singer.她梦想着成为一名著名的歌手。 Jane Goodall made her dreams come true because she never gave up. （教材原句） 简·古道尔让她的梦想成真，因为她从不放弃。 1．We’re tired. Let’s have a _________ rest. A．ten minutes B．ten-minutes C．ten-minute D．ten minute’s 2．In Tibet, we found a ________ tree a few days ago. A．100-meter-tall B．100-meters-tall C．100 meter tall D．100 meters tall 3．Jane is ________ girl and she is in Grade 7. A．a 13-years-old B．an 13-years-old C．a 13-year-old D．an 13-year-old 4．我相信你的梦想会实现。 知识点14 compare Jane gave the chimpanzees human names and compared them to humans.简给黑猩猩取了人类的名字，并将它们与人类进行比较。 compare： v.将...比作 辨析compare... to... VS compare... with... compare...with...：“把……和……比较”，常强调同类相比。 Please compare this book with that one and tell me which is more interesting. 请把这本书和那本比较一下，然后告诉我哪本更有趣。 compare...to...：有时可与“compare...with...”互换。表示“把……比作……”时只能用“compare...to...” 。 We often compare children to the flowers of our country.我们经常把孩子比作祖国的花朵。 People compare teachers to candles because they give light to others.人们把老师比作蜡烛，因为他们照亮别人。 1.“Why are you always comparing me ______ others? I hate it!” Lucy said to her mother. A．off B．in C．of D．with Grammar Unit 7: 感叹句和祈使句 一、祈使句 （一）.祈使句的定义及句式特征： 定义：祈使句是用来表示请求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、劝告或祝愿等的句子。它的特点是通常省略主语you,以动词原形开头，末尾可用句号或感叹号。祈使句没有疑问句的形式，一般只有肯定和否定两种形式。 Go and wash your hands. (表命令) Be quite, please. （Please be quiet.）（表请求） Be kind to your sister.（表劝告） Watch your steps.（表警告） No parking. (表禁止) Best wishes! (表祝愿） （二）句型 肯定句 否定句 1. 动词原形+其他 ① Come in, please！ ② Please open your books！ ③Put them away! 1.Don’t + 动词原形 ①Don’t believe him! ②Don’t open the window. ③Don’t put them away 2. Be+名词/形容词+其他 ①Be quiet / quick! ②Be a good student! ③Be careful when crossing the street. 2. Don’t /Never +be+名词/形容词+其他 ①Don’t be careless! ②Don’t be a bad boy ③Never do it again! 3. let sb. do sth ① Let him do it by himself. ② Let me help you. ③Let’s go to the park. 3. let sb. not do sth. ① Let her not do that. ② Let her not hurt me! ② Don’t let them go, please. 4. No+名词 / 动词ing ① NO PHOTOS! ② No parking! 1　 在表达请求或劝告时，有时为了表示委婉的语气，可以在句首或句末please， 但是如果please加在句末，应用逗号将其与前面的部分隔开。 Sit down, please. Please look after the twins. 2　 有时为了加强语气，可以在动词前使用do. Do be careful！一定要小心！ 3　 有时为了强调对方，也可加上主语you，人名或everybody, anybody等不定代词。 You sweep the floor and I clean the window. Stand up, everybody. （三）祈使句的回答 祈使句的动作通常是表示将来发生的动作，所以回答祈使句时，一般用will或won’t。 在回答具有否定意义的祈使句时，要注意两点： 1) Please remember to bring your homework here tomorrow. ---Yes, I will. 2) Don’t look out of the window. ---Sorry, I won’t.. （四）祈使句，and/or +结果， 可以转换为if 从句。 Hurry up, or you will be late for school.快点，否则你会迟到的。 =If you hurry up, you won’t be late for school. =If you don’t hurry up, you will be late for school. Study hard, and you will catch up with others. 努力学习，你就会赶上别人。 = If you study hard , you will catch up with others. 语法专题二、感叹句 (一)感叹句的定义 表示喜、怒、乐等强烈感情时用感叹句。感叹句分为两种：一种以what引导，一种以how引导。句尾用感叹号“！”通常用感叹号。 例：What a clever boy he is！ 多么聪明的男孩啊！ 例：How clever the boy is！ 这个男孩多聪明啊！ (二）感叹句的构成： 感叹部分 + 陈述部分 ！ 1. 主语+谓语 How +形容词/ 副词 What + (a\ an)+形容词 + 名词 1） what与how引导的感叹句可以相互转换，转换后意义不变。 2） 在口语中，感叹句的主语和谓语常常省略。How silly （you are）! (三）句型 What 型 what修饰名词或名词短语 What+ (a/an)+（形容词）+名词+ （主语+谓语）！ 1) What +a(an) +（形容词）+单数可数名词+主语+谓语！ What an apple this is! What a fine day it is! 2) What+(形容词)+可数名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语！ What beautiful flowers they are! What fine weather it is! 1)但有些不可数名词，如 rain, surprise, breakfast, lunch 等，当前面有形容词修饰，使抽象名词具体化时，则要用 what a / an， 如：What a heavy rain it is! 多大的一场雨啊！ What a great surprise it is! 这多么令人惊奇啊！ What a rich breakfast it is! 多么丰盛的一顿早餐啊！ 2) 常考的不可数名词：food , work , weather , fun , music , information , news , advice How 型 how修饰形容词或副词 How + 形容词/副词 +（主语+谓语）！ 1)How+ 形容词/副词+主语+谓语！ How kind you are! How beautifully you sing! 2)How + 主语+谓语！ How I missed you! 要修饰名词的形容词不能是表数量的many， much， little， few，遇此情况要用how，即使它们后面跟有名词： How many books he has！ 他的书真多！ How much money he gave her！ 他给了她好多钱呀！ How little money I have！ 我的钱多么少呀！ How few friends he has！ 他的朋友真少！ 比较：What a little box it is！ 多小巧的盒子呀！（该little不表示数量） 一、单项选择 1．Don’t ________ in the classroom. It’s not polite. A．talk loudly B．talks loudly C．talking loudly D．to talk loudly 2．________ carefully, Mike! There’s a school ahead. A．Drive B．To drive C．Drove D．Driving 3．_________ call me Wangwang! It’s my dog’s name! A．Not B．No C．Don’t D．Doesn’t 4．Let’s go and ________ the new baby elephant! A．seeing B．see C．saw D．to see 5．Please ________ your homework first after school. A．do B．does C．did D．doing 6．Don’t ________ in the hallways. It’s dangerous. A．run B．running C．to run D．runs 7．—________ cold day! —Yes, it is. You should wear more clothes. A．What a B．What C．How D．How a 8．—Look! Trees are green and flowers are everywhere. — ________ beautiful place it is! A．How a B．What C．What a D．How 9．—_________ exciting news! We will have a two-month holiday after the final exam. A．What an B．How an C．What D．How 10．________ bad weather it is! We will have to stay at home. A．How a B．How C．What D．What a 11．_________ we were having at the party! A．What wonderful time B．How a wonderful time C．How wonderful time D．What a wonderful time 12．________ interesting this book is! I enjoy reading it very much. A．How an B．What an C．How D．What 13．________ wonderful the music is! A．What B．How C．What a D．How a 14．________ unforgettable the summer camp on Lucky Island is! A．How B．What C．What a D．What an 15．________ exciting it is for us to read comics! They are usually funny. A．What an B．How C．What D．How an 2、 完成句子 1.你昨天给了我多么有用的建议啊！ What you gave me yesterday! 2．The fox is a very clever animal.（改为感叹句） clever animal the fox is! 3．Coco has made a delicious meal for her family. (改为感叹句) delicious meal Coco has made for her family! 4．The movie was very exciting.（改为感叹句） exciting movie it was! 5．全红婵是一位多么了不起的跳水运动员啊！ great diver Quan Hongchan is! 6．Bob was very excited to see such a big whale.(改为感叹句) Bob was to see such a big whale! 7．时间过得真快啊!    the time passed! 8．The ocean is very large. (改为感叹句) the ocean is! 9．The pandas are so lovely. (改为感叹句) the pandas are! 10．The monkeys are very lovely. (改为感叹句) the monkeys are! 11．他真是一个成功的人啊! he is! 12．多么优美的乐曲啊！ the music is! Grammar Unit 8: 时间状语从句 & used to/ did not use to 时间状语从句 定义：时间状语从句是用表示时间的连词连接一个句子作状语，这样的主从复合句就是时间状语从句。 引导时间状语从句的连词及具体用法： 连词 含义及用法 示例 while 意为“正当……时”, while引导的从句中，谓 语动词必须是延续性动词，且常用进行时 Everybody was dancing while the music was playing. 音乐响起时，每个人都在跳舞。 when 意为“当……的时候”, 从句用一般过去时，主句用过去的某种时态。由 when引导的从句，谓语动词既可以是延续性动词，也可以是非延续性动词 When he arrives, he will tell us all about the match. 他到达之后，就会告诉我们有关比赛的一切情况。 as 意为“当……时”,引导时间状语从句时，谓语动词只能用延续性动词，主、从句动作同时发生时，强调“一边……一 边…… ” My father was cooking as I was reading a book. 我在读书的时候我爸爸正在做饭。 after 意为“在……之后”,表 示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后 I went to bed after I finished my homework. 做完作业后，我去睡觉了。 before 意为“在……之前”,表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前 Try to finish your work before you leave. 在你离开之前设法完成你的工作。 until 意为“直到……为止”,常用在“not... until... ” 结构中，表示“直到……才……” He did not go to bed until he finished his homework. 他直到完成家庭作业才上床睡觉。 since 意为“自……以来”,主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时 I have lived in Beijing since I came to China. 我来到中国以来就住在北京。 as soon as 意为“—……就……”, 引导的从句常用一般现 在时，主句用一般将来时 I will return “The Gone with the Wind” to the library as soon as I finish reading it. 我一读完《飘》就把它归还图书馆。 注意:在含有when引导的时间 状语从句的主从复合句中，若主句用一般将来时，从句常用一般现在时。 My father will come back when he isn't busy.当我父亲不忙的时候，他将回来。 1.They were swimming ________ they heard the news. A．what B．when C．if D．so 2．My boss is waiting for the report, so I can’t leave here _________ I finish it. A．since B．if C．though D．until 3．My mother says I can watch TV ________ I finish my homework. A．before B．after C．so D．and 4.Mary says good night to her parents ________ she goes to bed every day. A．if B．until C．before D．unless 5.________ we got off the bus, we saw two men standing there. A．As B．Because C．But D．So 6.She wants to be a singer when she ________ up. A．grow B．grows C．is growing D．will grow 7.I will give her the smart phone as soon as she ________. A．will arrive B．arrive C．arrives D．arrived 8.________ the lady arrived at the airport, all the people sang songs to welcome her. A．As soon as B．As well as C．As fast as D．As much as 单元语法二： used to/ did not use to “used to+动词原形”表示“过去常常做某事”或“曾经做过某事”，常含有“过去是这样，但现在已经不是这样了”的意思。 He used to be a teacher in our school.他曾经是我们学校的一位老师。 There used to be a tall tree in front of the school gate.以前，学校门口有棵高大的树。 used to的各种句式： 肯定句 used to+ do Mary used to be very lazy. 否定句 didn't use to + do I didn't use to play football. 疑问句 Did...use to +do? Used...to + do...? -Did he use to go to the cinema? -Yes, he did. /No, he didn't. -Used he to go to the cinema? -Yes, he used./No, he usedn't. 一、单项选择 1.I ________ listen to soft music before going to sleep every night. A．was used to B．used C．used to D．used doing 2.Your grandfather looks quite healthy and strong. ________he________do sports? A．Was；used to B．Does；use to C．Did；used to D．Did；use to 3.He is never late for school, because he ______ up early. A．is used to getting B．used to getting C．is used to get D．use to get 4.Tom ________ do sports in the past, but now he takes exercise for at least an hour every day. A．doesn’t use to B．didn’t use to C．wasn’t used to D．isn’t used to 5.The old man used to ________ alone, but now he gets used to ________ with his children. A．live; living B．living; live C．live; live D．living; living 6.There ________ a river in front of the house, but now it has turned into farmland. A．used to have B．used to be C．is used to having D．is used to be 2、 完成句子 1．He used to play computer games. (否定句) He play computer games. 2．很久以前，狗、绵羊和奶牛曾经是野生动物。 Long ago, dog, sheep and cows wild animals. 3．我叔叔过去住在大城市，但他现在习惯住在村子里。 My uncle live in a big city, but he in a village now. 4．Grace used to be shy and quiet when she was a little girl. (改为一般疑问句) ? 5．People used to believe the earth was flat. (改为一般疑问句) people to believe the earth was flat? 基础通关练（测试时间：10分钟） 一、单项选择 1．Good communication skills ________ building strong relationships with others.​ A．have an influence on​ B．are important for​ C．play a key role in​ D．make a difference to​ 2．We should keep ________ places clean, like parks and libraries.​ A．own​ B．private​ C．personal​ D．public​ 3．The teacher gave him high ________ for his excellent composition.​ A．pride​ B．prize​ C．price​ D．praise​ 4．The charity organization is trying to ________ money for the poor children.​ A．raise​ B．rise​ C．collect​ D．gather​​ 5．The scientists are doing a lot of ________ to find a cure for the disease.​ A．exercise​ B．homework​ C．housework​ D．research​ 6．Thomas Edison made great ________ to the development of electricity.​ A．progresses​ B．inventions​ C．contributions​ D．discoveries​ 7．The ________ of the new teaching method made a big difference in students’ learning.​ A．follower B．beginner​ C．learner​ D．pioneer 8．Our club was ________ by a group of students who shared the same hobby.​ A．found​ B．founded​ C．discovered​ D．started​ 9．She ________ two hours doing her homework every day.​ A．spends​ B．costs​ C．takes​ D．pays​ 10．A fire engine came to _______ the fire after a few minutes. A．put up B．put down C．put out D．put off 11．—Did you get WeChat Red Packets (微信红包) during the Spring Festival? —Yes. It’s ________ the most popular way of sending traditional holiday presents now. A．mostly B．actually C．widely D．hardly 12．Just as the saying goes, “Everything is _________ if you put your heart into it. A．positive B．possible C．proud D．brave 13．—Don’t ________ yourself with others. Everyone shines in their own ways. —I couldn’t agree more. A．combine B．compare C．complain D．compete 14．My mother asks me to buy a new ________ for my father, because his birthday is coming soon. A．belt B．story C．party D．job 15．I hope my dream can ________. A．come to true B．come truly C．come true D．be true 16．We become good friends in the club, because we all have the same ________. A．interest B．chance C．education D．trouble 17．—Patrick was extremely curious about the night sky when he was little. —Yeah. He asked all kinds of questions and often found answers by himself. A．nearly B．hardly C．greatly 18．Many tourists from other countries are ________ in Pop Mart’s Labubu. A．interest B．interests C．interested D．interesting 19．Children are always curious ________ almost everything they see. A．on B．for C．at D．about 20．________ a sunny morning, Jim went out and started his journey. A．In B．On C．At D．About 二、选词填空 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词仅用一次。 well-respected, hero, achieve, found, society, contribution, inspire, admire, public, otherwise Role models are 1 people around us. Scientists like Qian Xuesen and Yang Zhenning are great 2 of our country. They always serve our whole 3 with deep love. They 4 great life dreams through lifelong hard work. Years ago, some of them 5 research centres to develop modern science and technology. They made important 6 to the development of our country in the past. Their spirit still 7 teenagers to keep studying and chasing dreams today. We all 8 and learn from them now. The 9 should respect role models and learn from them, 10 we will lose a good chance to improve ourselves. 重难突破练（测试时间：20分钟） 一、语法选择 语法选择 （24-25七年级下·广东广州·期末） Never too late From a security guard (保安) at Peking University to a lawyer, Liu Zheng is a great example of how hard work can make dreams 1 true. Liu, 33, grew up in 2 small village in Hebei Province. 3 finishing school in 2015, he worked as a security guard at Peking University. His dream was 4 a lawyer one day. Later, he worked hard to follow his dream. In 2016, he 5 studying for the law exam. He studied very hard and often audited (旁听) law classes after work. The teachers and students in Peking University were very 6 to him. Many teachers gave him textbooks and invited him to their classes. With their help, Liu studied law by 7 and took the exam. He failed six times, 8 he never gave up. Finally, he passed in 2022. This year, he left the university and began working at a top law firm in Beijing. Liu has 9 hobbies. He is very good at diabolo (空竹). He also likes to do voluntary work. Liu’s story has moved many people. A student from Peking University says, “I often see Liu 10 the library. Even though we don’t really know each other, he taught me that with hard work, even the biggest dream can come true. ” 1．A．to come B．comes C．come D．coming 2．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 3．A．Before B．After C．If D．During 4．A．be B．to be C．been D．being 5．A．start B．starts C．starting D．started 6．A．kind B．kindly C．kindness D．kinder 7．A．he B．him C．his D．himself 8．A．and B．but C．so D．or 9．A．many B．much C．little D．few 10．A．on B．under C．in D．above 二、短文填空 阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格中填入不多于两个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Everyone has dreams. Whether they are to become a scientist and discover new and 1 (amaze) things, or become a star basketball player and be the 2 (high) paid player in the team, people imagine their future. I have dreams for the future just like everyone else. And I 3 (try) my best to achieve them. College is my 4 (one) step toward achieving my dream. At present I am a student in high school. I do my best to keep my grades up, 5 I know that they will help me into college. I dream of going to the University of California, San Diego 6 (get) a Bachelor’s degree in Biology, then coming back to Stockton to attend 7 good university and to get a PhD in Pharmacy. By the time I get this degree, I will be around 28, so I hope that it will all be worth it. I plan to get a job as a medical researcher. I hope I can 8 (possible) find new, more effective ways of treating patients. As you can see, I have big 9 (plan) for my future. I plan to make something of myself, and not to give up. I have a major fear of failure, and I won’t let it get to me. My parents expect a lot out of me, and I think that I have done a good job so far. My dreams are the things that keep me going. I will make 10 (they) come true one day. 综合拓展练（测试时间：10分钟） 1、 阅读理解 （24-25七年级下·广东深圳·期末）请阅读全文，并从下面的六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文的意思完整、连贯，并在答题卷上将相应的字母编号涂黑。 Many of us enjoy activities like drawing, playing games, or writing stories. Have you ever thought that one day your interests might become your job in the future? Below are four easy steps to help you explore that idea. Find out Your Favourite Thing 1 Do you like taking photos, baking cookies, or telling jokes? Pick one activity that makes you the happiest. Share with Others Show your friends or family what you made. You could bring your drawings to class, bake cakes for your family, or read a short story to your classmates. 2 Try Small Projects Pick one small goal (目标). 3 Small projects help you learn how to plan and finish things. Keep Going Doing what you love takes time and effort. You might meet problems or make mistakes, but that’s okay. 4 Turning our interests into a career is an amazing journey. 5 Start today, and enjoy everything you learn along the way! A．Remember to keep a big project in your mind. B．Think about what you love to do after school. C．The more you practice, the better you become. D．With these right steps, you can make it happen. E．You will be more confident when you see others enjoy your work. F．For example, draw one picture each week or write a fun poem every month. （24-25七年级下·广东深圳·期末） China has its own “spidermen” in Huangshan, Anhui Province. Their work is not to save the world, but to collect rubbish from high mountain or get phones dropped by tourists. Li Peisheng, 51, is one of the 18 spidermen. They climbed down the Mountain on ropes to keep it clean. “We collect and clean rubbish from very steep cliffs (悬崖),” he said. “When we climb, one hand holds tight, and the other hand moves us carefully. We must be careful not to hit the rocks or bushes.” He added, “To be a ‘Spider-Man’ cleaner, you need a strong awareness of safety and you have to be responsible. Besides, you’d better be in very good health. People with heart problems can’t do this job.” About 20 years ago, 800,000 tourists visited Huangshan every year. At that time, the “Spider-Men” used to climb down seven or eight times a day, sometimes even 10 times, to pick up trash. In recent years, about 4.5 million tourists come each year, but they climb down only four or five times a day, and seven or eight times a day during busy tourist seasons. It shows that visitors are becoming more careful with the environment. Mr. Li said, “We protect the mountains and rivers to help the future of the younger generations (年轻一代). I think it is meaningful! I will continue to work for the beauty and cleanness of Huangshan and help more travelers experience amazing natural beauty of Huangshan.” 6．What do “spidermen” in Huangshan mainly do? A．Save people in danger. B．Collect rubbish from mountaintops. C．Protect wild animals. D．Guide tourists around the mountain. 7．What does Li Peisheng think of his work? A．It’s relaxing with few requirements (要求). B．It’s boring without any special skills needed. C．It’s dangerous as the rubbish is often on cliffs. D．It’s easy because he just needs to pick up trash. 8．What are the requirements to become a Spider-Men cleaner? ①awareness of safety  ②travelling experience  ③responsibility  ④good health A．①③④ B．②③④ C．①②③ D．①②④ 9．Why do the “spidermen” climb fewer times a day now than 20 years ago? A．The spidermen are getting older and weaker. B．There are fewer tourists visiting Huangshan. C．The trash on the mountain has become lighter. D．Visitors can do better in protecting environment. 10．What can we learn from Li Peisheng’s words in the last paragraph? A．He is old now and wants to stop working soon. B．He hopes more people will visit Huangshan in the future. C．He is proud of his job and will keep doing it in the future. D．He believes the mountain will become cleaner in the future. 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题 Units ~6（期末复习讲义） 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期末考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 复习目标 复习重点： 1. 掌握描述人物品质、情感、成就的形容词 如 well-respected, eager, proud, curious, lively, dead, possible, extremely, bored, interested 等，以及 -ing/-ed 结尾形容词的辨析（如 boring/bored, interesting/interested, exciting/excited）。 2.理解并运用以下句型： spend time/money (in) doing sth. / on sth. be eager to do sth. / be eager for sth. devote oneself to (doing) sth. be interested in / be proud of / be curious about used to do / be used to doing / be used to do see / hear sb. do sth.（全过程） / see / hear sb. doing sth.（正在进行） 3.掌握以下语法与词汇搭配： 表示“花费”的 spend / pay / cost / take（跨单元常考点） 表示“数量”的修饰词：many/much, a few/few, a little/little, too many/too much, much too, enough 情态动词：can/could（能力、请求、推测），may（请求、推测、祝愿），must（必须、肯定推测），have to（不得不），need（需要），should（应该） 感叹句与祈使句的结构转换 used to do / didn‘t use to 的肯定、否定、疑问句式 复习难点： 1.区分并正确使用以 -ing 和 -ed 结尾的形容词（如 boring / bored, scary / scared, exciting / excited, tiring / tired, interesting / interested）。 2.在写作和完形中灵活运用 spend / pay / cost / take 表达“花费”，并区分主语与句型结构。（本单元虽未重点讲解，但作为跨单元常考点保留） 3.区分 receive 与 accept：receive 是客观“收到”，accept 是主观“接受”。 4.区分 used to do（过去常常）、be used to doing（习惯于）、be used to do（被用来做）。 5.区分 too much + 不可数名词 / too many + 可数名词复数 / much too + 形容词/副词。 6.区分感叹句结构：What + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词 + 主谓；How + 形容词/副词 + 主谓；注意不可数名词和复数名词前不用 a/an。 7.时间状语从句的时态：主句将来时，从句一般现在时（主将从现）；主句过去时，从句相应过去时。 8.祈使句与 if 条件状语从句的转换：祈使句 + and/or + 句子 = If 从句 + 主句。 考情规律 词汇运用：侧重 receive / accept, award, engineering, education, spend, hear of, found, achieve, well-respected, eager, devote oneself to, live a … life, be interested in, public, contributions, praise, put out, dead, stop … from, be proud of, 等在具体语境中的选择，以及hear of, be eager for, devote … to, make contributions to, praise sb. for, stop sb. from doing, be proud of, be curious about,的介词搭配。 句型转换/翻译：常涉及感叹句与陈述句互换（What/How 结构）；祈使句与 if 条件状语从句互换（祈使句 + and/or + 句子 ↔ If … will …）；used to do 的肯定、否定、疑问句转换（He used to … → He didn‘t use to … → Did he use to …?）；时间状语从句的时态填空（主将从现，主过从过）；spend / pay / cost / take 的句型转换（It takes sb. time to do ↔ sb. spends time doing）；含 devote oneself to, be eager to, be proud of, be interested in, be curious about, dream of doing, compare…to/with 的汉译英等。 Unit 7 知识点1 received & award In 1999, he received the "Two Bombs and One Satellite" merit award.1999年，他获得了“两弹一星”优秀奖。 ① receive v. 收到；接到；拿到。  She received an award for her hard work. 她因努力工作而获得了奖项。 I received a gift from my friend。 我收到了朋友送的礼物。 辨析receive和accept ② award :既可以作名词，也可以作动词，以下是详细介绍： A.作名词：意为“奖；奖品；奖金；奖状”。常见搭配有“win an award（获得奖项）”“give an award（颁奖）”“an award ceremony（颁奖典礼）”等。 She won an award for her excellent performance in the play.（她因在剧中的出色表演而获奖。） B.作动词：意为“授予；奖励；判给”。常见用法有“award sb. sth.（授予某人某物）”，也可以用“award sth. to sb. ”。 In 1939, he was awarded a doctorate in aerospace engineering and mathematics.（P101） 1939年，他被授予航空航天工程和数学博士学位。 The committee awarded him the first prize.（委员会授予他一等奖。） 1．Chinese writer Hai Ya won the Hugo Award for Best Novelette ________ his work The Space-Time Painter. A．for B．as C．of D．to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：中国作家海漄凭借他的作品《时空画师》获得了雨果奖最佳中篇小说奖。 考查介词辨析。for因为，由于；as作为；of属于；to朝。根据“his work The Space-Time Painter”可知，此处是指海漄是因为他的作品《时空画师》而获奖的，应用介词for表示获奖的原因。故选A。 2．I________ an invitation to the party, but I didn’t ________ it because I was busy. A．received; accept B．received; receive C．accepted; accept D．accepted; receive 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我收到了聚会的邀请，但是我没有接受，因为我很忙。 考查动词辨析。receive是客观上的“接收”，“收到”；accept主观上的“接受”，指从内心里愿意接受。第一空指的是“收到邀请”，因此填received；第二空指的是“因为很忙，所以没有接受”，因此填accept。故选A。 知识点2 engineering & education He studied engineering at Shanghai Jiao Tong University and then went to further his education in the USA.他在上海交通大学学习工程学，然后去美国深造。 ①engineering n. 工程学 → engineer n. 工程师 ② education n. 教育→ educate v. 教育→ educator n.教师；教育家 →educational adj. 具有教育意义的 further one’s education进一步深造； further 在这里作动词，意为 “增进；促进”。 Lots of students dream of furthering their education abroad.许多学生梦想着到国外继续深造。 1.他选择出国深造。 He chooses to go abroad to . 【答案】 further his education 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“深造”，further“促进，加深”，to为不定式符号，后跟动词原形，education“教育”，不可数名词。故填further；his;education。 知识点3 spend After that, he spent many years teaching and doing research at universities in the USA. 在那之后，他在美国的大学里从事了多年的教学和研究工作。 ① spend v. 花费 （spent 过去式；spent 过去分词） spend...doing sth. 花（时间）做某事 Yesterday I spent an hour doing homework.昨天我花了一个小时做作业。 ② do research 做研究（注意：research表示“研究；探索”这一抽象概念时，是不可数的。） 四大花费用法辨析（cost、spend、pay、take） 用所给词（spend,  take,  cost,  pay）的正确形式填空。 1．Tom $200 for the coat yesterday. 2．He much time on his homework last night. 3．It us an hour to finish the work last Monday. 4．Does your son an hour doing his homework after school? 5．The bike me 200 yuan and it was cheap. 【答案】1．paid 2．spent 3．took 4．spend 5．cost 【分析】1．句意：汤姆昨天花了200美元买了这件外套。根据空格后“$200 for the coat”可知应使用pay，pay…for sth.买某物付了多少钱；由时间状语yesterday可知使用过去时，pay的过去式是paid，故填paid。 2．句意：他昨晚花了很多时间在家庭作业上。根据空格后“much time on his homework”可知应使用spend，spend…on sth.花时间在……上；由时间状语last night可知使用过去时，spend的过去式是spent，故填spent。 3．句意：上星期一我们花了一个小时才完成这项工作。根据“It…us an hour to finish the work”可知空格处填take，It takes sb.…to do sth.：某人花费多长时间做某事；由时间状语last Monday可知使用过去时，take的过去式是took，故填took。 4．句意：你儿子放学后花一个小时做作业吗？本句是一般疑问句，根据句子开头Does可知空格处填动词原形；根据空格后“an hour doing his homework”可知应使用spend，spend…doing sth.花费时间做某事；故填spend。 5．句意：这辆自行车花了我200元，很便宜。根据“The bike…me 200 yuan”可知空格处填cost，sth. costs (sb.) ＋金钱：某物花了（某人）多少钱。本句是and连接的并列句，前后句子时态一致，由“and it was cheap”可知是一般过去时，cost的过去式cost；故填cost。 6．—It ________ me 15 minutes to listen to English every morning. —That’s good. It’s necessary for you to ________ some time improving your English. A．cost; take B．spends; take C．takes; spend D．take; spend 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我每天早上听英语要花15分钟。——很好。你有必要花些时间提高你的英语水平。 考查动词辨析。cost需付费，物作主语；spend花费，人作主语；take花费，主语通常为it。分析句子结构可知，第一个空所在句为固定句式“It takes sb. some time to do sth.”，意为“做某事花费某人一些时间”，It为形式主语，真正的主语为空后的不定式结构，此处用三单形式takes；spend time doing sth.“花时间做某事”，是固定词组。故选C。 知识点4 hear of & found However, he decided to return to China when he heard of the founding of the People's Republic of China.然而，当他听说中华人民共和国成立时，他决定回国。 hear of 听说；得悉 （近义表达：hear about） hear from sb.(收到某人的来信) found v. 建立 → founded （过去式）→ founded （过去分词） the founding of ... ......的建立 be founded 被建立 The People's Republic of China was founded in 1949. 中华人民共和国是在1949年建立的。 We are excited about the founding of the Art Club. 我们对艺术俱乐部的成立感到兴奋。 1.听说了免费午餐活动后，我们计划每周买五十盒牛奶给这个学校。 After the Free Lunch Activity, we planned to buy fifty cartons of milk a week for this school. 【答案】 hearing of/about 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“听说”，其英文表达为hear of/hear about，动词短语，after为介词，后跟动词动名词形式作宾语，hear的动名词形式为hearing。故填hearing；of/about。 2．The People’s Republic of China was （found）on 1st October, 1949. 【答案】founded 【详解】句意：中华人民共和国于1949年10月1日成立。根据“The People’s Republic of China was”可知是中华人民共和国于1949年10月1日成立，found“成立”，此处用过去分词和be动词构成被动语态。故填founded。 知识点5 achieve of & well-respected While in the USA, Qian achieved lots of success and he was a well-respected person in his field. 在美国期间，钱取得了很大的成功，他在他的领域是一个受人尊敬的人。 achieve v. 达到；实现 →achievement n. 成就；功绩；实现 achieve one's dream=realize one’s dream = make one’s dream come true 实现某人的梦想 achieved lots of success 获得巨大的成功 well-respected adj. 受尊敬的（respected 是respect的过去分词，意为受尊敬的），类似的表达还有 well-dressed （adj. 穿着入时的；穿着考究的）；well-known（adj.知名的，著名的）等。 field：n.领域；还有“田地；运动场；战场”的意思。 in the field of... 在......领域 in the field 在田野里；在野外 1.为了实现你的梦想，你必须比以往更加努力。 In order to , you must work harder than ever. 【答案】 realize/realise/achieve your dream 【详解】实现：realize/realise/achiever，动词不定式符号to后加动词原形；你的：your；梦想：dream。故填realize/realise/achiever；your；dream。 2.High-speed trains are seen as one of the greatest （achieve）of China. 【答案】achievements 【详解】句意：高铁被认为是中国最伟大的成就之一。根据“High-speed trains are seen as one of the greatest”可知高铁被认为是中国最伟大的成就之一，one of后加可数名词复数achievements“成就”。故填achievements。 知识点6 achieve of & well-respected He was eager to bring his knowledge and skills to his homeland and began planning his return. 他渴望将自己的知识和技能带到祖国，并开始计划回国。 eager 是形容词，意为 “渴望的；热切的”; be eager to do sth. 渴望做某事 be eager for sth. 渴望某事(物) Tom is eager to travel around the world. 汤姆渴望环游世界。 begin doing sth. =begin to do开始做某事 1.她渴望离开喧闹的城市，回归大自然。 She get away from the noisy city and back to nature. 【答案】 is/was eager to 【详解】根据中英文句子可知，空处填“渴望”，且句子用一般现在时或一般过去时均可。渴望做某事：be eager to do sth。主语是she，be动词用is/was，故填is/was；eager；to。 2.—These children all study hard. —You’re right. This is because they are all eager ________ knowledge. A．for B．on C．at 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——孩子们学习都很努力。——你说得对。这是因为他们对知识都很渴望。 考查介词辨析。for为，为了；on在……上面；at在。be eager for sth表示“对……很渴望”。故选A。 知识点7 devote oneself to Qian devoted himself to his country, and his great work brought honour and success to China. 钱将自己奉献给了祖国，他的伟大事业为中国带来了荣誉和成功。 devote oneself to 致力于；献身于。注意：此时“to”是介词，后面加名词、代词、或v-ing。 devote sth. to... 把(时间、金钱、生命等)奉献给...... She devoted herself to helping the poor. 她致力于帮助穷人。 He decided to devote his life to helping others. 他决定将一生奉献于帮助他人。 He devoted five years to researching the effects of climate change. 他奉献5年时间研究气候变化的影响。 1.The scientists like Yuan Longping and Qian Xuesen devoted their lives ______ for our country. A．to working B．to work C．for working D．working 【答案】A 【详解】句意：像袁隆平和钱学森这样的科学家为我们的国家奉献了他们的一生。 考查非谓语动词。devote one’s time to doing sth“投入某人的时间精力做某事”，固定搭配，故选A。 2.张桂梅致力于改善贫困女孩的教育。 Zhang Guimei improving poor girls’ education. 【答案】 devotes herself to 【详解】致力于：devote oneself to，此处用反身代词herself；句子时态用一般现在时，主语是Zhang Guimei，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填devotes；herself；to。 知识点8 live a ... life & be interested in Still, Qian lived a simple life and was not interested in fame or money. 尽管如此，钱过着简朴的生活，对名利不感兴趣。 live a ... life 过着……生活 例如：live a happy/ better/ hard life 过幸福的/ 更好的/ 艰苦的生活 be interested in 对…… 感兴趣 interest n. 兴趣 v. 使感兴趣 →①interested adj.感兴趣的 ② interesting adj. 有趣的 一言辨析： He is interested in the interesting story. 他对这个有趣的故事很感兴趣。 1.我们应该通过吃健康食物和锻炼来过健康的生活。 _________________________________________________by eating good food and exercising. 【答案】We should live a healthy life 。 2.他对历史感兴趣，经常参观博物馆。 _________________________________________________ 【答案】 He is interested in history and often visits museums. 3.戴维对科学很感兴趣，他去年在学校加入了科学俱乐部。 David so science he joined the Science Club at school last year. 【答案】 was interested in that 【详解】be interested in“对……感兴趣”，so...that...“如此……以致于……”，根据“joined”可知，此处用一般过去时，主语David是第三人称单数形式，谓语用第三人称单数形式，故填was；interested；in；that。 4.What ________ me most is its ________ sights. A．interests; interested B．interests; interesting C．interesting; interesting D．interested; interested 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我最感兴趣的是它有趣的景色。 考查词义辨析。interest使感兴趣，动词；interested感兴趣的，形容词，常用于形容人；interesting有趣的，形容词，常用于形容物。第一空在句中作谓语，应填动词，可排除CD选项；第二空应填形容词作定语修饰名词sights，修饰物用以ing为结尾的形容词。故选B。 5．It’s such an ________ film that all the students are ________ in it. A．interesting; interested B．interested; interesting C．interesting;interesting D．interested; interested 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这部电影很有趣，所有学生都对它很感兴趣。 考查形容词用法。film电影，为物，空格1需修饰film；空格2作表语,表示人的感受。interesting用于修饰物；interested用于修饰人，故选A。 知识点9 public & contributions & praise If after I die the public feels I have made some contributions during my life，that approval would be the highest praise of all. 如果我死后，百姓觉得我在生前做出了一些贡献，这种认可将是最高赞誉。 public n. 百姓，民众； adj. 公众的；公共的；公开场合的 the public 公众，民众 in public 公开地，当众 注意：“the public”表示“公众，民众”，是集合名词，作主语时谓语动词的形式要根据具体语境来确定： ①把公众看作一个整体，此时谓语动词用单数形式。 The public is concerned about the environmental issues.（公众关注环境问题。） ②强调公众中的个体成员，此时谓语动词用复数形式。 The public have different opinions on this policy.（公众对这项政策有不同的看法。） contributions n. 贡献 → contribute v. 贡献 make a contribution to/ make contributions to.. 对......做出贡献 contribute to 有助于，促成；对…贡献 contribute...to... 把……贡献给……；为……做贡献 Every little bit helps. Even a small action can make a contribution to saving the planet. 积少成多，即使一个小小的行动也能为拯救地球做出贡献。 His hard work contributed to the success of the business.他的努力工作促成了生意的成功。 He decided to contribute his savings to the charity to help those in need. 他决定把自己的积蓄捐给慈善机构，以帮助那些有需要的人。 praise n./ v. 称赞；赞扬 praise sb. for sth.：因某事赞扬某人。 in praise of：歌颂；为赞扬…… win high praise from sb. : 获得某人的高度赞扬 The teacher praised him for his hard work. 老师因他努力学习而表扬了他。 He wrote a poem in praise of the natural beauty. 他写了一首诗赞美自然美景。 His book won high praise from the public.他的书赢得了公众的高度赞扬。 1.我们应该为保护环境做贡献。 We should protecting the environment. 【答案】 make a contribution to 【详解】make a contribution to“为……做出贡献”，情态动词should后跟动词原形，故填make；a；contribution；to。 2.She got a lot of （praise）for her excellent acting in a film.（用所给词的正确形式填空） 【答案】 praise 【详解】句意：她因在电影中的出色表演获得了许多赞誉。根据“for her excellent acting in a film”可知她获得了许多赞誉，praise“赞誉”，不可数名词。故填praise。 3.Li Hua was praised by the teacher ________ his honesty. A．for B．by C．of D．with 【答案】A 【详解】句意：李华因诚实而受到老师的表扬。 考查介词辨析。for为了；by通过；of……的；with和。根据“Li Hua was praised”和“honesty”可知，李华因为诚实而受表扬，应用介词for。故选A。 4．—Peter always wins ________ praise from all the teachers and classmates, but he never shows off. —I agree. He is so modest (谦虚的). A．low B．expensive C．cheap D．high 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——彼得总是赢得所有老师和同学的好评，但他从不炫耀。——我同意。他很谦虚。 考查形容词辨析。low低的；expensive昂贵的；cheap便宜的；high高的。根据语境可知，彼得很谦虚，不炫耀，可推测此处是彼得总是赢得所有老师和同学的好评，high praise表示“好评”。故选D。 知识点10 put out Once we land, we race to put out the fire. 我们一着陆，就忙着灭火。 put out ： 扑灭 常考put相关的短语 put away 收拾；放妥；放弃  put off 推迟；延期；脱掉 put on 上演；穿上，体重增加 put… into 把  放入，表达；翻译 put down 放下；写下 put up 举起；竖起；张贴 1.You’d better ______ your cigarette. It’s non----smoking area here. A．put down B．put off C．put on D．put out 【答案】D 【详解】句意：你最好把烟熄灭。这里是非吸烟区。考查动词辨析题。put down放下；put off延期；put on穿上；put out扑灭。根据句意语境，可知前三项意思都与句意不合，故选D。 2．This is my new bedroom. I want to a picture on the wall. A．put in B．put up C．put on D．put out 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这是我的新卧室。我想要在墙上贴一张画。put in放入；put up张贴；put on穿上；put out扑灭。根据宾语a picture可知此处表示贴一张画，故选B。 3．Mary and Alice are planning to _____ a drama on the Open Day. A．put on B．put up C．put out D．put off 【答案】A 【详解】句意：玛丽和爱丽丝计划在开放日那天上演一出戏。考查动词短语。A. put on穿上；增加；上演； B. put up搭建，张贴；举起；建造；C. put out熄灭；伸出；出版；D. put off推迟，拖延。结合句意和语境可知选A。 知识点11 dead & stop sb. from doing sth. We use simple tools to clear away dead leaves and trees to stop fires from spreading. 我们使用简单的工具清理枯叶和树木，以阻止火势蔓延。 dead：形容词，意为“死的；去世的”； leaves是leaf 的复数形式。单词释义 die：动词，意为“死；去世；逝世” death：名词，意为“死；死亡” He died last year.他去年去世了。 I cried because my pet dog was dead.我哭了，因为我的宠物狗死了。 She was sad about her grandfather's death.她对她爷爷的去世难过不已。 stop sb. (from)doing sth. 阻止某人做某事= keep sb. from doing sth. =prevent sb.(from) doing sth. The heavy rain stopped us (from) going on a picnic.大雨阻止了我们去野餐。 Parents should stop children (from) playing computer games for too long. 家长应该阻止孩子们长时间玩电脑游戏。 1．At last, the poor old man was_____.But people didn't know the reason of his _____. A．died. death B．dead, death C．dead, die D．death. dead 【答案】B 【详解】句意：最后这位可怜的老人死了，但是人们不知道他死亡的原因。第一空前有系动词was，所以空格处应该用形容词；第二空前有形容词性物主代词，所以后跟名词dead形容词；die动词，death名词“死亡”。故选B。 2.树木能阻止风把泥土吹走。(完成译句) Trees can the wind blowing away the earth. 【答案】 stop/prevent/keep from 【详解】结合中英文，所缺表达为“阻止”，英文为：stop/prevent/keep…from。情态动词can后接动词原形。故填stop/prevent/keep；from。 知识点12 be proud of... However, I am very proud of what I do.然而，我为我的工作感到非常自豪。 be proud of... 为... 而自豪 proud 的名词是“pride”。be proud of... 为... 而自豪= take pride in...，后可加名词、代词、v-ing 或宾语从句。 You should be proud of helping others.（你应该为帮助他人而感到自豪。） I am proud of my country.（我为我的国家感到骄傲。） 1．— Are you ________ of our school? — Of course. I take ________ in the beautiful environment and the study atmosphere (氛围). A．pride; pride B．proud; pride C．pride; proud 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你对我们的学校感到自豪吗？——当然。我为美丽的环境和学习氛围感到自豪。 考查名词和形容词辨析。pride骄傲，自豪，名词；proud骄傲的，自豪的，形容词。be proud of为……感到自豪；take pride in为……感到自豪。根据“Are you... of our school?”可知，第一空需形容词proud；根据“I take...in...”可知，第二空需填名词pride，构成take pride in短语。故选B。 2.作为一名中国人，我为我们伟大的祖国感到自豪。 【答案】As a Chinese, I am proud of our great country. 【详解】根据所给汉语可知，此句为陈述句切时态应用一般现在时。as“作为”；a Chinese“一名中国人”；I“我”；be proud of“对……感到自豪”；our great country“我们伟大的祖国”。主语为I，时态为一般现在时，因此be动词用am。故填As a Chinese, I am proud of our great country. Unit 8 知识点1 抽象名词+be+to do/ be... My dream job is to be a photographer. 我梦想的工作是当摄影师。 句型不定式作表语: 抽象名词+be+to do/ be... 当句子的主语是抽象名词（如 goal, dream, purpose, job 等）时，常用 不定式（to do） 作表语，说明主语的具体内容或目标。 His goal is to become a doctor.（他的目标是成为一名医生。） The purpose of this meeting is to solve the problem.（这次会议的目的是解决问题。） 1.The zoo keeper’s job is ________ and take care of animals. A．to feed B．feeding C．feed D．fed 【答案】A 【详解】句意：动物园管理员的工作是喂养和照顾动物。 考查非谓语动词。to feed动词不定式；feeding现在分词或动名词；feed动词原形；fed过去式。分析句子结构可知，应用动词不定式形式作表语，与and后面的take保持一致。故选A。 2.我的梦想是成为一名宇航员。 be an astronaut. 【答案】 My dream is to 【详解】my dream“我的梦想”，be动词is，动词不定式作表语，故填My；dream；is；to。 3.我的爱好是收集全世界的硬币。 【答案】My hobby is collecting/to collect coins from all over the world. 【详解】分析题干可知，句子为陈述句，且时态为一般现时；my hobby“我的爱好”，作主语，位于句首，首字母要大写；主语为单数，句子描述的是一般事实，应用一般现在时，be动词应用is；collect coins“收集硬币”，其中collect“收集”，动词，这里既可用动名词形式也可用动词不定式结构作表语；from all over the world“全世界的”，作后置定语修饰名词“coins”，其中from“来自”，介词，all over the world“全世界”。故填My hobby is collecting/to collect coins from all over the world. 知识点2 possible Look at the hobbies and suggest possible jobs from the list.看看这些爱好并从列表中提出可能的工作. possible adj.可能的 →①impossible adj.不可能的 ② possibly adv.可能地 ③ possibility n.可能性 常用句型：It’ s possible / impossible for sb.+ to do sth. 做某事对某人来说是可能/ 不可能的 It’ possible for us to finish the task in one week.我们有可能在一周内完成这项任务。 常用短语：as+ adj./ adv.+as possible: 尽可能...... 如：as soon as possible 尽快； as much as possible 尽可能多 We will finish the project as soon as possible. 我们将尽快完成这个项目。 1.—Lucy, I’m poor in English. Could you give me some advice? —You can speak English as __________ as possible. A．much B．many C．more D．most 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——露西，我英语很差。你能给我一些建议吗？——你可以尽可能多地说英语。 考查副词原级。much许多；many许多；more更多；most最多。as...as之间用形容词/副词原级，much符合，副词修饰动词。故选A。 2.尽快做这些事情对我们来说很重要。 It is important for us to do these things . 【答案】 as soon as possible 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少内容“尽快”；as soon as possible“尽快”，固定短语。故填as；soon；as；possible。 3．乘公交车到达那里是可能的。 get there by bus. 【答案】 It is possible to 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处使用句型it is adj. to do sth，可能的：possible。故填It；is；possible；to。 知识点3 the beginning of & lifetime interest That was the beginning of my lifetime interest. 那是我一生爱好的开始。 the beginning of :...... 的开始 at the beginning of VS. in the beginning At the beginning of the book, the author introduces the main characters.在书的开头，作者介绍了主要角色。 In the beginning, humans relied on hunting and gathering.起初，人类依靠狩猎和采集为生。 总结：at the beginning of + 具体时间段/事件（强调明确起点）= at the start of in the beginning（单独使用，泛指“最初阶段”）= at first lifetime interest 终身兴趣 interest的用法 ①作名词，表示“兴趣；业余爱好”时，可用单数或复数（但含义不同）。常用短语: have no interest in He has an interest in photography.他对摄影很感兴趣。（具体兴趣） She pursued her interests in art and music.她追求自己对艺术和音乐的兴趣。（多种兴趣） ②作动词，意为“使感兴趣,吸引”。 This book interests me.这本书很吸引我。 ③interested：感兴趣的； interesting：有趣的；常用短语： be interested in 对......感兴趣 The movie was interesting. 这部电影很有趣。 From that day on,she became really interested in animals. 从那天起，她就对动物产生了浓厚的兴趣。（教材原句） 1．Jane is ________ university student. She enjoyed her university life at ________ beginning, but she’s bored with it now. A．a; the B．an; the C．a; / D．an; / 【答案】A 【详解】句意：Jane是一名大学生。她一开始很享受大学生活，但现在感到无聊了。 考查冠词用法。a一，不定冠词，表泛指，接辅音音素开头的单词；the这，定冠词，表特指；an一，不定冠词，表泛指，接元音音素开头的单词；/零冠词，接球类，棋类和三餐。结合“university student”可知，这里表示一个大学生，要用不定冠词，以辅音音素开头，所以第一空要用不定冠词a；at the beginning“一开始”，为固定搭配，所以第二空要用定冠词the。故选A。 2．我的梦想是成为一名音乐家，我对绘画没有兴趣。 My dream is to be a musician, and I painting. 【答案】 have no interest in 【详解】结合中英文提示可知，此处缺少“对……没有兴趣”，英语表达为have no interest in，主语是I，动词用原形，故填have；no；interest；in。 3．我过去喜欢听音乐，但我现在对打篮球感兴趣。 I liked listening to music before, but I basketball now. 【答案】 am interested in playing 【详解】be interested in“对……感兴趣”；play basketball“打篮球”；根据“now”可知是跟之前对比，用于一般现在时，主语是I，be动词使用am。故填am；interested；in；playing。 4．在新学期开始时，我们制定了一些新的班级规则。 the new term, we make some new class rules. 【答案】At the start of/the beginning of 【详解】对比所给中英文可知，设空处为“……开始时”；at the start/beginning of…“在……开始时”，固定词组。故填At the start/beginning of。 5．起初，我们公司只有15人。 , there were only 15 people in our company. 【答案】 In the beginning 【详解】由中英文对比可知，缺少“起初”；in the beginning表示“起初，一开始”，介词短语。故填In；the；beginning。 知识点4 used to do/ be & on clear nights I used to go outside with my mum on clear nights and look at the sky.我曾经在晴朗的夜晚和妈妈一起出去看天空。 used to do/ be 过去常常（做……），曾经 She used to be a shy girl.她过去是个害羞的女孩。 辨析used to do sth.;be/get used to doing sth.; be used to do sth. I used to ride a bike. 我以前经常骑自行车。 I'm used to getting up early. 我习惯早起了。 This knife is used to cut bread. 这把刀子是用来切面包的。 =This knife is used for cutting bread. on clear nights 在晴朗的夜晚。当表示在具体某一天的上午、下午、晚上等时段时，通常用介词“on”。 如：on sunny mornings（在晴朗的上午） on rainy afternoons（在下雨的下午） 1．Jack used to ________ late. But now he is used to ________ up early. A．sleep; get B．sleeping; getting C．sleep; getting D．sleeping; get 【答案】C 【详解】句意：杰克过去常常睡懒觉。但现在他习惯早起。 考查动词短语。第一空考查used to do sth“过去常常做某事”，因此填动词原形sleep；be used to doing sth表示“习惯于做某事”，其中to是介词，后接动名词，因此第二空填getting。故选C。 3．—Do you ________ the life here, Jim? —Sure, but I ________ dislike the local food. A．get used to; used to B．used to; get used to C．used to; didn’t use to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——吉姆，你习惯这里的生活吗？——当然，但是我过去不喜欢当地的食物。 考查动词短语。get used to doing sth.习惯做某事；used to do sth.过去常常做某事。根据“Do you…the life here, Jim?”可知，此处应询问对方是否习惯这里的生活，排除B选项和C选项；根据“Sure, but I…dislike the local food.”可知，此处表示过去不喜欢当地的食物，应用used to。故选A。 3．—I hear your grandpa has an old cup in your home. —Yes. It ____________ drinking tea long ago, my grandpa ____________ drink tea with it. A．was used to；was used to B．used for；used to C．was used for；used to D．used to；used for 【答案】C 【详解】试题分析：—我听说你的爷爷有一个古杯在你家。—是的。很久以前它被用于喝茶，我爷爷年轻时常用它喝茶。usedtodosth过去常常做某事，曾经做某事；beusedfor（doing）sth被用来做某事。所以选C。 4．The group of volunteers arrived _______ a poor town _______ a rainy morning. A．in; at B．at; on C．at; in D．in; in 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这群志愿者在一个下雨的早晨到达了一个贫穷的小镇。 考查动词短语和时间介词。in在……里，接年/月/季节；at在/在具体某时刻；on在……上面，在具体某一天。根据“The group of volunteers arrived…a poor town”可知，第一空指的到达小镇，为小地点，arrive at接小地点；根据“a rainy morning.”可知，此处指的是具体某一天的早晨，用介词on。故选B。 知识点5 look like It looked like black velvet with a million diamonds on it.它看起来像黑色天鹅绒，上面镶着一百万颗钻石。 look like 看起来像（此时like作介词） You look like your mother.（你看起来像你妈妈。） The moon looks like a big silver plate tonight.（今晚月亮看起来像个大银盘。） look相关的短语 1．Everyone says he________ his father. They both have big and black eyes. A．looks at B．looks for C．looks after D．looks like 【答案】D 【详解】句意：每个人都说他看起来像他的父亲。他们都有大而黑的眼睛。 考查动词短语辨析。looks at看；looks for寻找；looks after照顾；looks like看起来像。根据“They both have big and black eyes.”可知，此处表示他看起来像他的父亲，所以用looks like符合语境。故选D。 2．—Can you _______my clothes when I play basketball, Millie?      —Of course. A．look at B．look after C．look for D．look like 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——Millie，当我打篮球的时候，你能照顾我的衣服吗？——当然可以。A. look at看；B. look after照看，照顾；C. look for寻找；D. look like看起来像。根据文中when I play basketball, 可知，上文是说照顾我的衣服。根据题意，故选B。 3．She ______ his number in the phone book to make sure that she had got it right. A．looked for B．looked up C．looked after D．looked like 【答案】B 【详解】试题分析：句意：她在号码本里查询他的号码以确认她得到的是他的正确号码。在书，字典里查找用look up，故选B。 知识点6 see sb./sth. do sth. & shoot across In summer, we saw Vega shine brightly as it got dark.Sometimes we saw stars shooting across the sky.在夏天，当夜幕降临时，我们看到织女星发出明亮的光芒。有时我们看到星星划过天空。 see sb./sth. do sth. 和see sb./ sth. doing see sb./sth. do sth.:该结构强调看到动作发生的全过程，或者经常看到某一动作。这里的“do sth.”是不带to的不定式，描述的是一个完整的、已完成的动作。 I often see him play basketball on the playground after school.我经常看到他放学后在操场上打篮球。 She saw the bird fly away.她看到那只鸟飞走了。 see sb./ sth. doing:侧重于描述看到某人或某物正在处于某个动作的进行当中。 He saw a dog lying under the tree.他看到一只狗正躺在树下。 shoot across： 掠过；划过；飞过 shoot v. 冲；奔；飞驰→ shot (过去式) 1．We often see the old _______ Taiji to keep healthy on the square every morning. A．plays B．to play C．play D．played 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们经常看到老人每天早上在广场上打太极拳来保持健康。 考查动词不定式作宾语补足语。plays动词三单形式；to play动词不定式；play动词原形；played动词过去式。see常见用法有see sb. do sth.和see sb. doing sth.：see sb. do sth.表示“看见某人做某事”，强调看见事情发生的全过程或经常看见某人做某事；see sb. doing sth.意为“看见某人正在做某事”，强调看见动作正在进行。often表明是经常看到的场景，符合see sb. do sth.结构。故选C。 2．I saw the boys _________ on the playground when I passed by yesterday afternoon. A．to run B．ran C．running D．run 【答案】C 【详解】句意：昨天下午我经过的时候看到男孩子们在操场上奔跑。 考查非谓语动词。run跑步。see sb doing sth“看见某人正在做某事”，故选C。 3．When I walked under the tree, I heard many birds ________ in it. A．singing B．to sing C．sing D．will sing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当我在树下行走时，我听到许多鸟儿在树上唱歌。 考查非谓语动词用法。句中“heard”表示“听到”，后接宾语“many birds”时，若强调动作正在进行，用现在分词作宾语补足语，表示“听到鸟儿正在唱歌”。故选A。 知识点7 studying the starts & extremely Studying the stars was great fun for me and I was extremely curious about the night sky. 研究星星对我来说很有趣，我对夜空非常好奇。 单个动名词（doing sth. ）做主语，谓语动词用是单数。 Swimming is good for health. 游泳对健康有益。 Learning a new language requires patience.学习一门新语言需要耐心。 extremely adv. 极其；极端；非常 （程度副词） 这部电影非常有趣。 ________________________________________________________ 【答案】This movie is extremely interesting. curious adj. 好奇的 → curiosity n. 好奇；好奇心 【短语】be curious about 对...好奇的 She is curious about different cultures. 她对不同的文化感到好奇。 1．________ to English songs ________ a good way to learn English. A．Listen, is B．Listening, is C．Listen, are D．Listening, are 【答案】B 【详解】句意：听英语歌曲是学习英语的好方法。 考查非谓语动词和主谓一致。此处为动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。故选B。 2．________ good neighbours makes our life more pleasant. We should get along well with them. A．Have B．Having C．Had D．To having 【答案】B 【详解】句意：拥有好邻居让我们的生活更加愉快。我们应该和他们友好相处。 考查动名词作主语。根据“...good neighbours makes our life more pleasant”可知，此处用动名词作主语。故选B。 3．The little boy is curious ________ everything in his daily life. He likes to ask “why” about many things. A．with B．about C．in D．on 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个小男孩对日常生活中的一切都很好奇。他对许多事情喜欢问“为什么”。 考查介词辨析。with和……；about关于；in在……里面；on在……上面。根据固定搭配“对……好奇：be curious about...”可知，about符合句意。故选B。 4.这个小男孩对他周围的一切都很好奇。 The little boy ⁠ everything around him. 【答案】 is curious about 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，设空处意为“对……好奇”，其英文表达为be curious about；本句时态为一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，所以be动词用is。故填is；curious；about。 知识点8 increase So I read a lot about the topic,and my understanding increased as I grew older. 所以我读了很多关于这个话题的书。随着年龄的增长，我的理解也越来越深。 increase v. 增加；增长；增多； 也可做名词。 例句：The temperature increases in summer. （夏天温度会上升。） There was a big increase in his grades. （他的成绩有了很大的提高。） increase by（增加了多少） 用法：表示“增加了某个数量或百分比”，后面接具体数值。 My pocket money increased by 20 yuan this month.（我的零花钱这个月增加了20元。） The price of apples increased by 5%.（苹果的价格上涨了5%。） increase to（增加到多少） 用法：表示“从原来的数量增加到某个总数”，后面接最终数值。 The temperature increased to 25°C today.（今天温度上升到了25摄氏度。） My savings increased to 500 yuan.（我的存款增加到了500元。） 总结：increase by + 数值 → 强调“增加了多少”（差值）。 increase to + 数值 → 强调“最终达到多少”（总数）。 1.— It’s said that the price of the houses in this area has increased ________ 40% in the past 5 years. — Yes, it has increased ________￥25,000 per square meter. A．to; to B．to; by C．by; to D．by; by 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——--据说这个地区的房价在过去五年里上涨了40%。——是的，每平方米增加到人民币25000元。 考查介词词义辨析。to到；by通过；increase to表示“增长到”，后接具体数字；increase by表示“增长了”，后接百分数。根据“40%”可知，第一空应用by，表示增加了40%；根据“￥25,000”可知，第二空用to，表示增加到25,000元，故选C。 2.不到一年，食品的价格增加了10%。 Food prices 10% in less than a year. 【答案】 increased by 【详解】increase by表示“增加了”，动词短语；根据汉语意思判断，时态为一般过去时，动词应用过去式。故填increased；by。 知识点9 teach sb. about sth. & in a lively way 9】..and I teach my audience about the different stars in a lively way. ......我以一种生动的方式向观众讲解不同的星星。 teach sb. about sth. 用法：表示“教某人关于某事”，“teach”是及物动词，后面接双宾语，即“sb.”（间接宾语）和“about sth.”（直接宾语）。 teach的主要用法 in a lively way：以一种生动有趣的方式 （注意介词的使用） lively： adj. 充满趣味的；令人兴奋的 He told a lively story and it made us laugh. 他讲了一个生动有趣的故事，让我们都笑了。 以-ly结尾的形容词：friendly友好的；lovely可爱的、美好的；lonely孤独的、寂寞的； daily每日的、日常的；weekly每周的；deadly 致命的 等等。 live, living, alive与lively的区别 词条 含义及用法 alive 意为“活的, 活着的”, 没有比较级和最高级, 可用作表语和后置定语。例如： He was still alive after the accident.（事故之后他还活着。） Who is the greatest man alive?（当今最伟大的人是谁？） living 意为“活着的; 现存的”, 指人或物可用作表语和定语, 作定语时要放在所修饰的名词前。例如： All living things need water.（所有生物都需要水。） He is the greatest living writer.（他是在世的最伟大的作家。） live 意为“活的；直播的；现场直播的”, 可作定语, 指动物或植物, 不能用来指人。例如： We watched a live football match.（我们观看了一场现场直播的足球比赛。） The cat is playing with a live mouse.（猫正在玩一只活老鼠。） lively 意为“活泼的；充满生气的；生动的” ，可用作定语、表语和宾语补足语,，可用来修饰人、物或氛围等。例如： She is a lively girl.（她是个活泼的女孩。） The party was very lively.（聚会很热闹。） He gave a lively description of the event.（他对事件作了生动的描述。） 1．然后导游教我们如何制作机器人模型。 Then the guide us a model robot. 【答案】 taught how to make 【详解】根据语境可知，事情发生在过去，时态应用一般过去时。表达“教某人如何做某事”用teach sb. how to do sth.，teach的过去式为taught；表达“如何制作”用特殊疑问词+不定式结构，即how to make，作taught的宾语。故填taught；how；to；make。 2.人们用不同的方式庆祝春节。 People celebrate the Spring Festival in . 【答案】 different ways 【详解】对比所给中英文可知，设空处为“不同的方式”；different“不同的”，形容词，way“方式”，此处用复数形式。故填different；ways。 3. 选词填空（ live, living, alive，lively） ①The fish is still ______ after being out of water for a long time. 答案：alive 解析：“alive”常作表语，表示“活着的”，这里说鱼在离开水很长时间后仍然活着，用alive合适。 ②We watched a ______ football game on TV last night. 答案：live 解析：“live”作形容词时表示“现场的，直播的”，这里说观看现场直播的足球比赛，所以用live。 ③She is a ______ girl and everyone likes her. 答案：lively 解析：“lively”表示“活泼的”，用来修饰人表示人的性格特点，这里说她是个活泼的女孩，所以用lively。 ④All ______ things need sunlight and water. 答案：living 解析：“living”作定语，表示“活着的，现存的”，这里说所有活着的生物都需要阳光和水，所以用living。 知识点10 last & be proud of My TV programme has lasted more than 50 years，and I am really proud of that! 我的电视节目已经持续播出 50多年了。 last ①v. 持续 ；延续 The meeting only lasted (for) a few minutes. 会议只持续了几分钟。 be proud of 为……感到骄傲；为……自豪 Her parents are very proud of her.她的父母以她为自豪。 (1) be proud to do sth. 为做某事而感到自豪 She is proud to help the old people in the nursing home.她为能在养老院帮助老人们而感到自豪。 (2) be proud + that从句 为……感到自豪 They are proud that their team has won the first prize.他们为自己的团队获得一等奖而感到骄傲。 1.The hot weather will last for a week.(同义词) A．care B．stop C．continue D．work 【答案】C 【详解】句意：炎热的天气将持续一个星期。 考查动词辨析。care关心；stop停止；continue继续；work工作。根据“last”可知，是“持续”之意，与continue同义；故选C。 2.Our school art festival ________ till the end of October every year. A．last B．lasted C．will last D．lasts 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们学校的艺术节每年持续到十月底。 考查一般现在时的用法。根据“every year”可知，这是一个经常发生的动作，因此需要使用一般现在时，主语“school art festival”为单数，故谓语动词用单三形式。故选D。 3．我对通过努力赢得名声和赞誉感到很自豪。 I feel the fame and praise through my hard work. 【答案】 proud to win 【详解】“感到自豪”feel proud；“赢得”win，be proud to do sth“自豪的做某事”，故填proud；to；win。 4．我们感到多么自豪！ we feel! 【答案】How proud 【详解】根据题干可知，本句为感叹句；feel是系动词，后接形容词proud“自豪的”作表语，所以用“How+形容词+主谓”结构。故填How proud。 5．作为中国人，我们为我国的高铁感到自豪。 As Chinese people, we    our high-speed trains. 【答案】 are proud of 【详解】根据中英文对照，此处需填入“以……为傲”。固定短语be proud of意为“以……而骄傲”；句子陈述了客观事实，需用一般现在时，主语“we”是复数，be动词用are。故填are；proud；of。 知识点11 actually & turn... into... Actually,you too can turn your interests into your career. 事实上，你也可以把你的兴趣变成你的事业。 actually adv. 事实上= in fact actual adj. 真实的，实际的；真正的 turn... into... 把......变成... Water turns into ice at 0℃. 水在0度变成冰。 After 20 years of hard work, the people ______ their hometown ______ a modern city. A．put; with B．turned; into C．changed; for D．grew; like 【答案】B 【详解】句意：20年的努力工作之后，人们把他们的家乡变成了一座现代的城市。考查动词短语。put with：忍受；容忍；turned……into：把……变成；change for交换；grow……like成长像。根据句子the people ______ their hometown ______ a modern city.可知，是把家乡变成了城市，故选B 知识点12 feel bored with sth./ doing sth. I never feel bored with dancing. 我从来不会对跳舞感到厌烦。 feel bored with sth./ doing sth. 对......感到厌烦的 I feel bored with this kind of TV show.我对这类电视节目感到厌烦。 He feels bored with doing the same work every day.他对每天做同样的工作感到厌倦。 bored： 感到无聊的；感到厌烦的 boring：adj. 令人厌烦的，无聊的 I'm really bored with this boring lecture.我真的对这场无聊的讲座感到厌烦透顶了。 1.The movie was so ______ that I fell asleep halfway through it. A. bored B. boring C. bore D. to bore 答案：B 解析：“boring”意为“令人厌烦的，无聊的”，一般用来修饰事物，这里说电影是令人感到无聊的，所以用boring。而“bored”意为“感到无聊的”，一般用来修饰人，例如：I was bored with the movie.（我对这部电影感到无聊。）“bore”是动词原形，“to bore”是动词不定式，均不符合句子结构和语义。 2. She soon ______ the new job because it was too easy for her. A. felt bored in B. felt bored with C. felt boring with D. felt boring about 答案：B 解析：“feel bored with”是固定短语，意为“对……感到厌烦/无聊”，这里说她很快对新工作感到厌烦，因为对她来说太容易了，所以要用with。A选项“in”错误；C和D选项中“boring”表示“令人厌烦的”，不能用来形容人的感受，而且搭配也不正确。 知识点13 16-year-old & dream When she was a 16-year-old schoolgirl, Jane dreamt of a career studying wild animals in Africa.当她还是个16岁的女学生时，简就梦想着以研究非洲野生动物为职业。 16-year-old：意为“ 16岁的”，是一个合成形容词。主要用于修饰名词，且一般放在被修饰名词之前，起到限定或描述该名词的作用。不能作表语。 He is a five-year-old boy。他是个五岁的男孩。 This is a three-meter-long rope. 这是一根三米长的绳子。 dream n. 梦（想）；理想/ v. 做梦；渴望; 梦想 →过去式：dreamt/ dreamed dream of+ n/ doing sth.： v. 梦想某物/ 梦想做某事... achieve one’s dream= make one’s dream come true 实现某人的梦想 I dream of a big house by the sea.我梦想着有一座海边的大房子。 She dreams of becoming a famous singer.她梦想着成为一名著名的歌手。 Jane Goodall made her dreams come true because she never gave up. （教材原句） 简·古道尔让她的梦想成真，因为她从不放弃。 1．We’re tired. Let’s have a _________ rest. A．ten minutes B．ten-minutes C．ten-minute D．ten minute’s 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们累了。让我们休息十分钟。 考查复合名词。ten minutes十分钟；ten-minutes错误表达；ten-minute十分钟，可作形容词使用；ten minute’s错误表达。根据“Let’s have a...rest.”可知，空处修饰名词rest，用“基数词-名词单数形式”结构作定语。故选C。 2．In Tibet, we found a ________ tree a few days ago. A．100-meter-tall B．100-meters-tall C．100 meter tall D．100 meters tall 【答案】A 【详解】句意：几天前，我们在西藏发现了一棵100米高的树。 考查复合形容词。空处作定语修饰名词tree，表示“100米高的树”，用“数词-单位(单数)-形容词”构成复合形容词。故选A。 3．Jane is ________ girl and she is in Grade 7. A．a 13-years-old B．an 13-years-old C．a 13-year-old D．an 13-year-old 【答案】C 【详解】句意：简是一个13岁的女孩，她在七年级。 考查不定冠词和复合形容词。a、an是不定冠词，表“泛指”。a用在辅音音素开头的单词或字母之前，an用在元音音素开头的单词或字母之前，thirteen是以辅音音素开头的单词，排除B、D；复合形容词构成是“数词+名词+形容词”，其中的名词不能用复数。故选C。 4．我相信你的梦想会实现。 【答案】I’m sure your dream can come true. 【详解】I“我”；be sure...“确信……”，后面可以加省略that的宾语从句；your dream“你的梦想”；can“能够”；come true“实现”。故填I’m sure your dream can come true. 知识点14 compare Jane gave the chimpanzees human names and compared them to humans.简给黑猩猩取了人类的名字，并将它们与人类进行比较。 compare： v.将...比作 辨析compare... to... VS compare... with... compare...with...：“把……和……比较”，常强调同类相比。 Please compare this book with that one and tell me which is more interesting. 请把这本书和那本比较一下，然后告诉我哪本更有趣。 compare...to...：有时可与“compare...with...”互换。表示“把……比作……”时只能用“compare...to...” 。 We often compare children to the flowers of our country.我们经常把孩子比作祖国的花朵。 People compare teachers to candles because they give light to others.人们把老师比作蜡烛，因为他们照亮别人。 1.“Why are you always comparing me ______ others? I hate it!” Lucy said to her mother. A．off B．in C．of D．with 【答案】D 【详解】露西对她的妈妈说：“为什么你总是把我和别人做比较?我讨厌这样。” 考查动词短语。off下去；in在……里；of……的；with与……一起。：compare…with是固定短语，意为“把……和……做比较”，符合题意，故答案为D。 Grammar Unit 7: 感叹句和祈使句 一、祈使句 （一）.祈使句的定义及句式特征： 定义：祈使句是用来表示请求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、劝告或祝愿等的句子。它的特点是通常省略主语you,以动词原形开头，末尾可用句号或感叹号。祈使句没有疑问句的形式，一般只有肯定和否定两种形式。 Go and wash your hands. (表命令) Be quite, please. （Please be quiet.）（表请求） Be kind to your sister.（表劝告） Watch your steps.（表警告） No parking. (表禁止) Best wishes! (表祝愿） （二）句型 肯定句 否定句 1. 动词原形+其他 ① Come in, please！ ② Please open your books！ ③Put them away! 1.Don’t + 动词原形 ①Don’t believe him! ②Don’t open the window. ③Don’t put them away 2. Be+名词/形容词+其他 ①Be quiet / quick! ②Be a good student! ③Be careful when crossing the street. 2. Don’t /Never +be+名词/形容词+其他 ①Don’t be careless! ②Don’t be a bad boy ③Never do it again! 3. let sb. do sth ① Let him do it by himself. ② Let me help you. ③Let’s go to the park. 3. let sb. not do sth. ① Let her not do that. ② Let her not hurt me! ② Don’t let them go, please. 4. No+名词 / 动词ing ① NO PHOTOS! ② No parking! 1　 在表达请求或劝告时，有时为了表示委婉的语气，可以在句首或句末please， 但是如果please加在句末，应用逗号将其与前面的部分隔开。 Sit down, please. Please look after the twins. 2　 有时为了加强语气，可以在动词前使用do. Do be careful！一定要小心！ 3　 有时为了强调对方，也可加上主语you，人名或everybody, anybody等不定代词。 You sweep the floor and I clean the window. Stand up, everybody. （三）祈使句的回答 祈使句的动作通常是表示将来发生的动作，所以回答祈使句时，一般用will或won’t。 在回答具有否定意义的祈使句时，要注意两点： 1) Please remember to bring your homework here tomorrow. ---Yes, I will. 2) Don’t look out of the window. ---Sorry, I won’t.. （四）祈使句，and/or +结果， 可以转换为if 从句。 Hurry up, or you will be late for school.快点，否则你会迟到的。 =If you hurry up, you won’t be late for school. =If you don’t hurry up, you will be late for school. Study hard, and you will catch up with others. 努力学习，你就会赶上别人。 = If you study hard , you will catch up with others. 语法专题二、感叹句 (一)感叹句的定义 表示喜、怒、乐等强烈感情时用感叹句。感叹句分为两种：一种以what引导，一种以how引导。句尾用感叹号“！”通常用感叹号。 例：What a clever boy he is！ 多么聪明的男孩啊！ 例：How clever the boy is！ 这个男孩多聪明啊！ (二）感叹句的构成： 感叹部分 + 陈述部分 ！ 1. 主语+谓语 How +形容词/ 副词 What + (a\ an)+形容词 + 名词 1） what与how引导的感叹句可以相互转换，转换后意义不变。 2） 在口语中，感叹句的主语和谓语常常省略。How silly （you are）! (三）句型 What 型 what修饰名词或名词短语 What+ (a/an)+（形容词）+名词+ （主语+谓语）！ 1) What +a(an) +（形容词）+单数可数名词+主语+谓语！ What an apple this is! What a fine day it is! 2) What+(形容词)+可数名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语！ What beautiful flowers they are! What fine weather it is! 1)但有些不可数名词，如 rain, surprise, breakfast, lunch 等，当前面有形容词修饰，使抽象名词具体化时，则要用 what a / an， 如：What a heavy rain it is! 多大的一场雨啊！ What a great surprise it is! 这多么令人惊奇啊！ What a rich breakfast it is! 多么丰盛的一顿早餐啊！ 2) 常考的不可数名词：food , work , weather , fun , music , information , news , advice How 型 how修饰形容词或副词 How + 形容词/副词 +（主语+谓语）！ 1)How+ 形容词/副词+主语+谓语！ How kind you are! How beautifully you sing! 2)How + 主语+谓语！ How I missed you! 要修饰名词的形容词不能是表数量的many， much， little， few，遇此情况要用how，即使它们后面跟有名词： How many books he has！ 他的书真多！ How much money he gave her！ 他给了她好多钱呀！ How little money I have！ 我的钱多么少呀！ How few friends he has！ 他的朋友真少！ 比较：What a little box it is！ 多小巧的盒子呀！（该little不表示数量） 一、单项选择 1．Don’t ________ in the classroom. It’s not polite. A．talk loudly B．talks loudly C．talking loudly D．to talk loudly 【答案】A 【详解】句意：不要在教室里大声说话。这是不礼貌的。 考查祈使句的用法。根据“Don’t...”可知，空处需用动词原形，只有A选项符合。故选A。 2．________ carefully, Mike! There’s a school ahead. A．Drive B．To drive C．Drove D．Driving 【答案】A 【详解】句意：小心开车，迈克！前面有所学校。 考查祈使句。分析句子可知，前半句为祈使句，应以动词原形开头，故选A。 3．_________ call me Wangwang! It’s my dog’s name! A．Not B．No C．Don’t D．Doesn’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：不要叫我旺旺！这是我狗的名字！ 考查祈使句的否定形式。Not不（副词）；No不（形容词）；Don’t不要（否定祈使句）；Doesn’t不（第三人称单数形式）。在英语中，祈使句的否定形式通常用“Don’t + 动词原形”来表示。根据“It’s my dog’s name!”可知，此处表示“不要叫我旺旺”，用Don’t符合语境。故选C。 4．Let’s go and ________ the new baby elephant! A．seeing B．see C．saw D．to see 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们去看看刚出生的小象吧！ 考查祈使句。根据“Let’s go and”可知，该句是祈使句，and前后的动词需填动词原形。故选B。 5．Please ________ your homework first after school. A．do B．does C．did D．doing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：放学后请先做作业。 考查祈使句。此句是祈使句的肯定形式，此空应填动词原形，故选A。 6．Don’t ________ in the hallways. It’s dangerous. A．run B．running C．to run D．runs 【答案】A 【详解】句意：不要在走廊里奔跑。这很危险。 考查祈使句。根据“Don’t…in the hallways.”可知，此句是祈使句的否定形式，其结构是“Don’t + 动词原形”，故选A。 7．—________ cold day! —Yes, it is. You should wear more clothes. A．What a B．What C．How D．How a 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——多冷的一天啊！——是的。你应该多穿点衣服。 考查感叹句。根据空后的“cold day”及标点可知，此句为感叹句，中心词day是可数名词的单数形式，因此用what引导该感叹句，其结构为“What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!”。故选A。 8．—Look! Trees are green and flowers are everywhere. — ________ beautiful place it is! A．How a B．What C．What a D．How 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——看！树是绿色的，到处都是鲜花。——多么漂亮的一个地方啊！ 考查感叹句。根据“... beautiful place it is!”是感叹句，且中心词“place”为名词单数，故应用what引导的感叹句，结构为What+a/an+形容词+名词+主谓!；beautiful以辅音音素开头，不定冠词用a。故选C。 9．—_________ exciting news! We will have a two-month holiday after the final exam. A．What an B．How an C．What D．How 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——多么令人兴奋的消息！期末考试后我们将有两个月的假期。 考查感叹句。news是不可数名词，根据“what+形容词+不可数名词”可知，横线上是what。故选C。 10．________ bad weather it is! We will have to stay at home. A．How a B．How C．What D．What a 【答案】C 【详解】句意：多糟糕的天气啊！我们只能待在家里了。 考查感叹句。感叹句常用句型有：①What + (a/an) +形容词＋名词＋主语＋谓语；②How +形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语。空格后为不可数名词“weather”，故应用“What +形容词＋不可数名词＋主语＋谓语！”结构。故选C。 11．_________ we were having at the party! A．What wonderful time B．How a wonderful time C．How wonderful time D．What a wonderful time 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们在聚会上度过了多么美好的时光啊！ 考查感叹句。have a good time“玩的开心”，a不能丢，所以排除选项A和C；感叹句的中心词time是名词，所以此处需用what引导感叹句。故选D。 12．________ interesting this book is! I enjoy reading it very much. A．How an B．What an C．How D．What 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这本书太有趣了！我非常喜欢读它。 考查感叹句。本句强调的中心词是形容词interesting，符合结构：How + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语。故选C。 13．________ wonderful the music is! A．What B．How C．What a D．How a 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这音乐多么美妙啊！ 考查感叹句。此句强调的中心词是形容词wonderful，符合结构：How+形容词+主语+谓语。故选B。 14．________ unforgettable the summer camp on Lucky Island is! A．How B．What C．What a D．What an 【答案】A 【详解】句意：幸运岛的夏令营是多么令人难忘啊！ 考查感叹句的结构。本句中心词unforgettable是形容词， 应与“how”连用构成感叹句，即“how+形容词+主语+谓语”，表示对某事的感叹。故选A。 15．________ exciting it is for us to read comics! They are usually funny. A．What an B．How C．What D．How an 【答案】B 【详解】句意：看漫画对于我们来说，是多么兴奋啊！它们通常很有趣。 考查感叹句。英语中的感叹句要由what和how来引导，其句型是：How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！What+（a/an）+形容词+名词+主语+谓语！中心词是exciting，形容词，形式主语是it，真正的主语为动词不定式，应用how来引导，故选B。 2、 完成句子 1.你昨天给了我多么有用的建议啊！ What you gave me yesterday! 【答案】 useful advice/suggestions 【详解】根据中英文对照，空格处缺“有用的建议”的表达。useful“有用的”；advice/suggestion“建议”，advice是不可数名词，suggestion是可数名词。此句是由What引导的感叹句，结构为“What + 形容词 + 不可数名词 / 可数名词复数 + 主语 + 谓语！”，所以用advice或suggestions。故填useful；advice/suggestions。 2．The fox is a very clever animal.（改为感叹句） clever animal the fox is! 【答案】 What a 【详解】句意：狐狸是一种非常聪明的动物。因为感叹句中心词是单数名词animal，所以可以用句型：What a/an+形容词+单数名词+主语+谓语。clever以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填What；a。 3．Coco has made a delicious meal for her family. (改为感叹句) delicious meal Coco has made for her family! 【答案】 What a 【详解】句意：可可为她的家人做了一顿美味的饭。句中“meal”是可数名词单数，适合“What+(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语！”结构，应用what引导感叹句，what位于句首，首字母要大写；“meal”是以辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故填What；a。 4．The movie was very exciting.（改为感叹句） exciting movie it was! 【答案】 What an 【详解】句意：这个电影非常令人激动。此处是用到感叹句结构What+a/an+形容词+名词+主谓结构，exciting是元音音素开头的单词，所以用冠词an。故填What；an。 5．全红婵是一位多么了不起的跳水运动员啊！ great diver Quan Hongchan is! 【答案】 What a 【详解】空处表示“一位多么”，本句是感叹句，句中中心词是单数名词diver，所以用what a/an修饰，great首字母发辅音音素，所以不定冠词用a。故填What；a。 6．Bob was very excited to see such a big whale.(改为感叹句) Bob was to see such a big whale! 【答案】 How excited 【详解】句意：鲍勃看到这么大的一头鲸鱼感到非常兴奋。句子是主系表结构，改为感叹句时用“How+形容词+主谓+其他”结构。故填How；excited。 7．时间过得真快啊!    the time passed! 【答案】 How fast 【详解】句子是感叹句，时间过得快用fast来表示，感叹句的中心词fast是副词，应用句型“How +形容词/副词+主语+谓语!”，故填How；fast。 8．The ocean is very large. (改为感叹句) the ocean is! 【答案】 How large 【详解】句意：海洋很大。分析句子可知空格缺少形容词large作表语，故用感叹句“How+形容词+主谓”，故填How；large。 9．The pandas are so lovely. (改为感叹句) the pandas are! 【答案】 How lovely 【详解】句意：熊猫如此可爱。原句为陈述句，要改为感叹句。根据形容词是lovely，主语是the pandas可知，应用how来感叹其句型是：How+形容+主谓! ，故答案是How ；lovely。 10．The monkeys are very lovely. (改为感叹句) the monkeys are! 【答案】 How lovely 【详解】句意：这些猴子很可爱。改为感叹句，中心词是形容词 lovely，所以用“How+形容词+主谓”结构。故填How；lovely。 11．他真是一个成功的人啊! he is! 【答案】 How successful 【详解】分析所给中英文可知是感叹句，successful“成功的”，对形容词感叹用how引导。故填How；successful。 12．多么优美的乐曲啊！ the music is! 【答案】 How beautiful 【详解】根据语境可知，本句为感叹句，对应结构为How+形容词+主谓！优美：beautiful。故填How；beautiful。 Grammar Unit 8: 时间状语从句 & used to/ did not use to 时间状语从句 定义：时间状语从句是用表示时间的连词连接一个句子作状语，这样的主从复合句就是时间状语从句。 引导时间状语从句的连词及具体用法： 连词 含义及用法 示例 while 意为“正当……时”, while引导的从句中，谓 语动词必须是延续性动词，且常用进行时 Everybody was dancing while the music was playing. 音乐响起时，每个人都在跳舞。 when 意为“当……的时候”, 从句用一般过去时，主句用过去的某种时态。由 when引导的从句，谓语动词既可以是延续性动词，也可以是非延续性动词 When he arrives, he will tell us all about the match. 他到达之后，就会告诉我们有关比赛的一切情况。 as 意为“当……时”,引导时间状语从句时，谓语动词只能用延续性动词，主、从句动作同时发生时，强调“一边……一 边…… ” My father was cooking as I was reading a book. 我在读书的时候我爸爸正在做饭。 after 意为“在……之后”,表 示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后 I went to bed after I finished my homework. 做完作业后，我去睡觉了。 before 意为“在……之前”,表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前 Try to finish your work before you leave. 在你离开之前设法完成你的工作。 until 意为“直到……为止”,常用在“not... until... ” 结构中，表示“直到……才……” He did not go to bed until he finished his homework. 他直到完成家庭作业才上床睡觉。 since 意为“自……以来”,主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时 I have lived in Beijing since I came to China. 我来到中国以来就住在北京。 as soon as 意为“—……就……”, 引导的从句常用一般现 在时，主句用一般将来时 I will return “The Gone with the Wind” to the library as soon as I finish reading it. 我一读完《飘》就把它归还图书馆。 注意:在含有when引导的时间 状语从句的主从复合句中，若主句用一般将来时，从句常用一般现在时。 My father will come back when he isn't busy.当我父亲不忙的时候，他将回来。 1.They were swimming ________ they heard the news. A．what B．when C．if D．so 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当他们听到这个消息时，他们正在游泳。 考查连词辨析。what什么；when当……时；if如果，是否；so所以。根据“They were swimming”和“they heard the news”可知，应用when引导时间状语从句，表示“听到这个消息时，他们正在游泳”。故选B。 2．My boss is waiting for the report, so I can’t leave here _________ I finish it. A．since B．if C．though D．until 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我的老板在等这份报告，所以在我完成它之前我不能离开这里。 考查连词辨析。since自从；if如果；though尽管；until直到……，多与not连用。根据“I can’t leave here... I finish it.”可知，此处表达的是“不能离开，直到完成”，应用until引导时间状语从句，故选D。 3．My mother says I can watch TV ________ I finish my homework. A．before B．after C．so D．and 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我妈妈说我做完作业后可以看电视。 考查连词辨析。before在……之前；after在……之后；so所以；and并且。根据“I can watch TV...I finish my homework”可知，写完作业后才可以看电视，故选B。 4.Mary says good night to her parents ________ she goes to bed every day. A．if B．until C．before D．unless 【答案】C 【详解】句意：Mary 每天睡觉前都会跟父母说晚安。 考查连词辨析。if如果；until直到；before在……之前；unless除非。根据“says good night...”可知，睡觉之前说晚安，用before引导时间状语从句，故选C。 5.________ we got off the bus, we saw two men standing there. A．As B．Because C．But D．So 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当我们下车时，我们看到两个人站在那里。 考查连词辨析。As当……；Because因为；But但是；So因此。根据“we got off the bus, we saw two men standing there.”可知，前半句是一个时间状语从句，空处表示“当”，用连词as。故选A。 6.She wants to be a singer when she ________ up. A．grow B．grows C．is growing D．will grow 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当她长大后，她想成为一名歌手。 考查时间状语从句的时态。此句为when引导的时间状语从句，空处位于从句，用一般现在时表示将来。主语为第三人称单数的she，空处填动词三单形式的grows作谓语。故选B。 7.I will give her the smart phone as soon as she ________. A．will arrive B．arrive C．arrives D．arrived 【答案】C 【详解】句意：她一到我就给她智能手机。 考查动词时态。as soon as意为“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句时遵循“主将从现”的原则，且从句主语为she，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故选C。 8.________ the lady arrived at the airport, all the people sang songs to welcome her. A．As soon as B．As well as C．As fast as D．As much as 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这位女士一到机场，所有的人都唱歌欢迎她。 考查连词。As soon as一……就；As well as和；As fast as和……一样快；As much as和……一样多。根据“the lady arrived at the airport, all the people sang songs to welcome her.”可知，此处为主从复合句，从句和主句之间为时间关系，使用As soon as引导时间状语从句。故选A。 单元语法二： used to/ did not use to “used to+动词原形”表示“过去常常做某事”或“曾经做过某事”，常含有“过去是这样，但现在已经不是这样了”的意思。 He used to be a teacher in our school.他曾经是我们学校的一位老师。 There used to be a tall tree in front of the school gate.以前，学校门口有棵高大的树。 used to的各种句式： 肯定句 used to+ do Mary used to be very lazy. 否定句 didn't use to + do I didn't use to play football. 疑问句 Did...use to +do? Used...to + do...? -Did he use to go to the cinema? -Yes, he did. /No, he didn't. -Used he to go to the cinema? -Yes, he used./No, he usedn't. 一、单项选择 1.I ________ listen to soft music before going to sleep every night. A．was used to B．used C．used to D．used doing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我每天晚上睡觉前都会听轻音乐。 考查used to do的用法。be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事；used使用；used to do sth. 过去常常做某事；used doing此用法错误。根据“before going to sleep every night”可知，表明这是一个习惯性动作，“listen”是动词原形，且used to do sth. 符合此结构。故选C。 2.Your grandfather looks quite healthy and strong. ________he________do sports? A．Was；used to B．Does；use to C．Did；used to D．Did；use to 【答案】D 【详解】句意：你爷爷看起来非常健康强壮。他过去常常运动吗？ 考查动词短语及一般疑问句。根据“Your grandfather looks quite healthy and strong.”可知，此处是问他过去是否常常运动，used to do意为“过去常常做某事”，变一般疑问句在句首加did，动词过去式变回原形，故选D。 3.He is never late for school, because he ______ up early. A．is used to getting B．used to getting C．is used to get D．use to get 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他上学从不迟到，因为他习惯早起。 考查动词短语。is used to doing习惯于做；is used to do被用来做；use to do过去经常做。根据“He is never late for school”可知，他习惯于早起。故选A。 4.Tom ________ do sports in the past, but now he takes exercise for at least an hour every day. A．doesn’t use to B．didn’t use to C．wasn’t used to D．isn’t used to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：汤姆过去不常做运动，但现在他每天至少锻炼一个小时。 考查动词短语和时态。be used to do“被用来做某事”；used to do“过去常常做某事”。根据“in the past, but now...”可知，此处是过去和现在在作对比，所以空处用一般过去时，指过去不常做运动。故选B。 5.The old man used to ________ alone, but now he gets used to ________ with his children. A．live; living B．living; live C．live; live D．living; living 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这位老人过去一个人住，但现在他习惯了和孩子们住在一起。 考查动词短语。used to do“过去常常做某事”；get/be used to doing“习惯做某事”，根据“The old man used to...alone, but now he gets used to...with his children.”可知此处指这位老人过去一个人住，但现在习惯了和孩子们住在一起，第一空用used to live，第二空用gets used to living。故选A。 6.There ________ a river in front of the house, but now it has turned into farmland. A．used to have B．used to be C．is used to having D．is used to be 【答案】B 【详解】句意：过去房子前面有条河，但现在它已经变成了农田。 考查there be句型与used短语。根据“but now it has turned into farmland.”与“There”可知，但是现在已经变成了农田，因此前面应表示过去有一条河。used to do意为“过去常常做某事”；be used to doing意为“习惯做某事”；there be句型表示“有”，因此应用used to be。故选B。 2、 完成句子 1．He used to play computer games. (否定句) He play computer games. 【答案】 usedn’t to 【详解】句意：他过去经常玩电脑游戏。句中含有“used to do”“过去常常做某事”结构，改为否定句，直接在used后加not，缩写为usedn’t，其余内容不变。故填usedn’t；to。 2．很久以前，狗、绵羊和奶牛曾经是野生动物。 Long ago, dog, sheep and cows wild animals. 【答案】 used to be 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺“曾经是”的英文。used to do sth.意为“曾经做某事”，固定搭配。be“是”需用原形。故填used；to；be。 3．我叔叔过去住在大城市，但他现在习惯住在村子里。 My uncle live in a big city, but he in a village now. 【答案】 used to is used to living 【详解】根据中文提示，可知第一空和第二空应用短语used to do sth“过去常常做某事”；③-⑥空应用短语“be used to+动名词”，表示“习惯于某事”，根据now可知时态为一般现在时，主语“My uncle”是第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填used；to；is；used；to；living。 4．Grace used to be shy and quiet when she was a little girl. (改为一般疑问句) ? 【答案】Did Grace use to be shy and quiet when she was a little girl 【详解】句意：格蕾丝在她还是个小女孩的时候常常是害羞且安静的。used to表示“过去常常”，是一般过去时，当把含有used to的句子改为一般疑问句时，要借助助动词did，把did提前到句首，首字母大写，后面的动词used要还原为动词原形use，其他部分保持不变。故填Did Grace use to be shy and quiet when she was a little girl? 5．People used to believe the earth was flat. (改为一般疑问句) people to believe the earth was flat? 【答案】 Did use 【详解】句意：人们过去认为地球是平的。原句是一般过去时的陈述句，改为一般疑问句时，需要在句首添加助动词“Did”，并将动词“used”改为原形“use”。故填Did；use。 基础通关练（测试时间：10分钟） 一、单项选择 1．Good communication skills ________ building strong relationships with others.​ A．have an influence on​ B．are important for​ C．play a key role in​ D．make a difference to​ 2．We should keep ________ places clean, like parks and libraries.​ A．own​ B．private​ C．personal​ D．public​ 3．The teacher gave him high ________ for his excellent composition.​ A．pride​ B．prize​ C．price​ D．praise​ 4．The charity organization is trying to ________ money for the poor children.​ A．raise​ B．rise​ C．collect​ D．gather​​ 5．The scientists are doing a lot of ________ to find a cure for the disease.​ A．exercise​ B．homework​ C．housework​ D．research​ 6．Thomas Edison made great ________ to the development of electricity.​ A．progresses​ B．inventions​ C．contributions​ D．discoveries​ 7．The ________ of the new teaching method made a big difference in students’ learning.​ A．follower B．beginner​ C．learner​ D．pioneer 8．Our club was ________ by a group of students who shared the same hobby.​ A．found​ B．founded​ C．discovered​ D．started​ 9．She ________ two hours doing her homework every day.​ A．spends​ B．costs​ C．takes​ D．pays​ 10．A fire engine came to _______ the fire after a few minutes. A．put up B．put down C．put out D．put off 11．—Did you get WeChat Red Packets (微信红包) during the Spring Festival? —Yes. It’s ________ the most popular way of sending traditional holiday presents now. A．mostly B．actually C．widely D．hardly 12．Just as the saying goes, “Everything is _________ if you put your heart into it. A．positive B．possible C．proud D．brave 13．—Don’t ________ yourself with others. Everyone shines in their own ways. —I couldn’t agree more. A．combine B．compare C．complain D．compete 14．My mother asks me to buy a new ________ for my father, because his birthday is coming soon. A．belt B．story C．party D．job 15．I hope my dream can ________. A．come to true B．come truly C．come true D．be true 16．We become good friends in the club, because we all have the same ________. A．interest B．chance C．education D．trouble 17．—Patrick was extremely curious about the night sky when he was little. —Yeah. He asked all kinds of questions and often found answers by himself. A．nearly B．hardly C．greatly 18．Many tourists from other countries are ________ in Pop Mart’s Labubu. A．interest B．interests C．interested D．interesting 19．Children are always curious ________ almost everything they see. A．on B．for C．at D．about 20．________ a sunny morning, Jim went out and started his journey. A．In B．On C．At D．About 解析： 1．C 【详解】句意：良好的沟通技巧是建立牢固人际关系的关键。 考查动词短语。have an influence on对……有影响；are important for 对……是重要的； play a key role in在……中起关键作用；make a difference to对……产生影响。根据“Good communication skills...building strong relationships with others.”可知，此处表示“良好的沟通技巧”对“建立牢固人际关系”的作用，play a key role in符合语境。故选C。 2．D 【详解】句意：我们应该保持公共场所的清洁，比如公园和图书馆。 考查形容词辨析。own自己的；private私人的；personal个人的；public公共的。根据“like parks and libraries”可知公园和博物馆都是公共地方。故选D。 3．D 【详解】句意：老师对他的优秀作文给予了高度赞扬。 考查名词辨析。pride自豪；prize奖品；price价格；praise赞扬。根据“for his excellent composition.”可知，是指老师对他优秀的作文给了高度赞扬。故选D。 4．A 【详解】句意：这个慈善组织正试图为贫困儿童筹钱。 考查动词辨析。raise筹集（资金等）；rise上升，上涨（不及物动词，主语通常为物）；collect收集（强调有目的、有选择地聚集）；gather聚集，集合（强调把分散的人或物集中在一起）。根据“money for the poor children”可知，此处指“筹集资金”，是固定搭配“raise money”。故选A。 5．D 【详解】句意：科学家们正在做大量的研究来寻找这种疾病的治疗方法。 考查名词辨析。exercise锻炼；homework家庭作业；housework家务劳动；research研究。根据“to find a cure for the disease”可知，此处说的是科学家们为了找到疾病的治疗方法而做大量的研究，故选D。 6．C 【详解】句意：托马斯·爱迪生对电力发展作出了巨大贡献。 考查名词辨析。progresses表达错误，progress是不可数名词；inventions发明；contributions贡献；discoveries发现。根据“made great … to the development of electricity”可知，此处是指爱迪生在电力发展中所做的贡献；考查make contributions to“对……做出贡献”，动词短语。故选C。 7．D 【详解】句意：这位新教学方法的先驱者对学生的学习产生了重大影响。 考查名词辨析。follower追随者；beginner初学者；learner学习者；pioneer先驱者，带头人。根据“The ... of the new teaching method made a big difference in students’ learning.”可知，带头使用新教学方法的人对学生的学习产生了重大影响。故选D。 8．B 【详解】句意：我们俱乐部是由有共同爱好的一群学生创立的。 考查动词。found发现；founded被创立，“be founded by...”表示 “由……创立”；discovered发现；started创办，在表示 “创办” 时，较为口语化。根据“Our club was … by a group of students”可知，此处主语是俱乐部，在正式表达组织成立时，“founded” 更为合适。故选B。 9．A 【详解】句意：她每天花两个小时做作业。 考查动词辨析。spends意为“花费”，主语为人，常用结构有sb. spend some time/some money on sth.“某人在某物上花费多少时间/金钱”；sb. spend some time/some money (in) doing sth.“某人花费时间/金钱做某事”；costs意为“花费”，主语为物，常用结构为sth. cost sb. some money“某物花费了某人多少钱”；takes意为“花费”，主语为形式主语it或物，常用结构为it takes sb. some time to do sth.“某人花费多长时间做某事”；pays意为“支付”，主语为人，常用结构有sb. pay some money for sth.“某人为某物支付多少钱”；pay for sb.“替某人付钱”。根据句子结构，该句适用“sb. spend some time (in) doing sth.”结构，故选A。 10．C 【详解】句意：几分钟后，消防车来把火扑灭了。 考查动词短语辨析。put up张贴；put down放下；put out扑灭；put off推迟。根据“A fire engine came to ... the fire”和选项可知，此处表示把火扑灭了。故选C。 11．B 【详解】句意：——春节期间你收到微信红包了吗？——是的。它实际上现在是发送传统节日礼物最流行的方式。 mostly大部分地；actually实际上；widely广泛地；hardly几乎不。根据答句“Yes”及语境，此处强调微信红包“实际上”已成为最流行的方式，表示事实情况，应填actually。 12．B 【详解】句意：正如谚语所说，“如果你用心去做，一切皆有可能。” positive积极的；possible可能的；proud骄傲的；brave勇敢的。根据“if you put your heart into it”可知，只要全心投入，任何事情都是有可能实现的，possible符合语境。 13．B 【详解】句意：——不要拿你自己和别人做比较。每个人都有自己独特的闪光点。——我完全同意。 combine结合；compare比较；complain抱怨；compete竞争。根据“Everyone shines in their own ways.”可知每个人都有自己的闪光点，因此不要拿自己和别人比较，compare符合语境，且compare…with…为固定搭配。因此填入compare。 14．A 【详解】句意：妈妈让我给爸爸买一条新腰带，因为他的生日快到了。 belt腰带；story故事；party派对；job工作。句中“buy”表示购买，且语境为生日礼物，只有belt是可购买的适合作为礼物的物品。 15．C 【详解】句意：我希望我的梦想能够实现。 考查动词短语。come to true错误表达；come truly错误表达；come true实现；be true是真实的，侧重“真实性”，是系表结构。根据“I hope my dream can...”可知，是指希望自己梦想实现。故选C。 16．A 【详解】句意：我们在俱乐部里成了好朋友，因为我们都有着相同的兴趣。 考查名词辨析。interest兴趣；chance机会；education教育；trouble麻烦。根据“We become good friends in the club, because we all have the same...”可知，因为有着相同的兴趣，所以在一个俱乐部里成了好朋友。故选A。 17．C 【详解】句意：——帕特里克小时候对夜空非常好奇。——是啊。他问各种各样的问题，经常自己找到答案。   考查副词。nearly几乎；hardly几乎没有；greatly极大地/非常。根据“He asked all kinds of questions and often found answers by himself.”他问了各种各样的问题，经常自己找到答案，可知对夜空非常好奇，extremely意为“非常”，同义副词greatly。故选C。 18．C 【详解】句意：许多来自其他国家的游客都对泡泡玛特的拉布布感兴趣。 考查形容词做表语。interest兴趣；interests感兴趣的事；interested感兴趣的；interesting有趣的。根据“Many tourists from other countries are…in Pop Mart’s Labubu.”可知，此处表达游客对泡泡玛特的拉布布感兴趣，be interested in“对……感兴趣”，形容词短语，符合语境。故选C。 19．D 【详解】句意：孩子们总是对他们所看到的一切都很好奇。 考查介词词义辨析。on在……上面；for为了；at在；about关于。be curious about“对……好奇”，故选D。 20．B 【详解】句意：在一个阳光明媚的早晨，吉姆出发开始了他的旅程。 考查介词辨析。In在……时，通常用于表示在较长的时间段内；On在……时，用于具体的某一天或具体某一天的上午、下午、晚上等；At在某地/在几点；About关于。根据“a sunny morning”可知，此处具体指某一个早晨，其前应用介词on。故选B。 二、选词填空 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词仅用一次。 well-respected, hero, achieve, found, society, contribution, inspire, admire, public, otherwise Role models are 1 people around us. Scientists like Qian Xuesen and Yang Zhenning are great 2 of our country. They always serve our whole 3 with deep love. They 4 great life dreams through lifelong hard work. Years ago, some of them 5 research centres to develop modern science and technology. They made important 6 to the development of our country in the past. Their spirit still 7 teenagers to keep studying and chasing dreams today. We all 8 and learn from them now. The 9 should respect role models and learn from them, 10 we will lose a good chance to improve ourselves. 解析：1．well-respected 2．heroes 3．society 4．achieved 5．founded 6．contributions 7．inspires 8．admire 9．public 10．otherwise 【导语】本文介绍榜样人物的价值与意义，讲述科学家等榜样心怀家国、实现理想、建立科研机构、为国家发展做出贡献，其精神激励青少年成长，呼吁公众尊重学习榜样，否则会错失自我提升的机会。 【详解】1．句意：榜样是我们身边受人尊敬的人。空格修饰名词people，需用形容词作定语，well-respected为形容词，意为“受人尊敬的”，符合语境。 2．句意：钱学森、杨振宁等科学家是我们国家伟大的英雄。主语为复数概念，hero需变为复数形式heroes，匹配主谓数量一致。 3．句意：他们始终满怀热忱为整个社会服务。whole后接名词，society意为“社会”，serve the whole society为固定表达，符合句意。 4．句意：他们通过一生的努力实现了伟大的人生梦想。句子描述过去发生的经历，用一般过去时，achieve的过去式为achieved。 5．句意：多年前，他们中的一部分人创办研究中心发展现代科技。Years ago提示时态为一般过去时，found表示“创办、建立”，过去式为founded。 6．句意：过去他们为国家的发展做出了重要贡献。make contributions to为固定搭配，意为“为……做出贡献”，需用复数形式contributions。 7．句意：如今他们的精神依旧激励青少年坚持学习、追逐梦想。主语spirit为单数，时态为一般现在时，inspire需变为第三人称单数形式inspires。 8．句意：现在我们都敬佩他们并向他们学习。句子为一般现在时，主语为第一人称复数，用动词原形admire，表达敬佩之意。 9．句意：公众应当尊重榜样并向他们学习。the public为固定搭配，意为“公众、民众”，符合句子主语语境。 10．句意：公众应当尊重榜样并向他们学习，否则我们会错失自我提升的好机会。空格前后为转折警示关系，otherwise意为“否则、不然”，契合逻辑语义。 重难突破练（测试时间：20分钟） 一、语法选择 语法选择 （24-25七年级下·广东广州·期末） Never too late From a security guard (保安) at Peking University to a lawyer, Liu Zheng is a great example of how hard work can make dreams 1 true. Liu, 33, grew up in 2 small village in Hebei Province. 3 finishing school in 2015, he worked as a security guard at Peking University. His dream was 4 a lawyer one day. Later, he worked hard to follow his dream. In 2016, he 5 studying for the law exam. He studied very hard and often audited (旁听) law classes after work. The teachers and students in Peking University were very 6 to him. Many teachers gave him textbooks and invited him to their classes. With their help, Liu studied law by 7 and took the exam. He failed six times, 8 he never gave up. Finally, he passed in 2022. This year, he left the university and began working at a top law firm in Beijing. Liu has 9 hobbies. He is very good at diabolo (空竹). He also likes to do voluntary work. Liu’s story has moved many people. A student from Peking University says, “I often see Liu 10 the library. Even though we don’t really know each other, he taught me that with hard work, even the biggest dream can come true. ” 1．A．to come B．comes C．come D．coming 2．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 3．A．Before B．After C．If D．During 4．A．be B．to be C．been D．being 5．A．start B．starts C．starting D．started 6．A．kind B．kindly C．kindness D．kinder 7．A．he B．him C．his D．himself 8．A．and B．but C．so D．or 9．A．many B．much C．little D．few 10．A．on B．under C．in D．above 解析：1．C 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．D 6．A 7．D 8．B 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了北大保安刘政通过努力成为律师的励志故事，展现了坚持梦想的力量。 【详解】1．句意：从北京大学的保安到律师，刘政是一个很好的例子，告诉我们努力工作可以让梦想成真。 to come动词不定式；comes动词三单；come动词原形；coming动名词。根据“hard work can make dreams...true.”可知，此处为短语“make...do”，表示“让……做某事”。故选C。 2．句意：33岁的刘政在河北省的一个小村庄长大。 a不定冠词，表示泛指，辅音音素开头的单词前；an不定冠词，表示泛指，元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表示特指；/零冠词。根据“grew up in...small village”可知，此处泛指一个小村庄，small为辅音音素开头的单词，且village为单数名词，用a来修饰。故选A。 3．句意：2015年毕业后，他在北京大学当保安。 Before在……之前；After在……之后；If如果；During在……期间。根据“...finishing school in 2015, he worked as a security guard at Peking University.”可知，他毕业后在北大当保安。故选B。 4．句意：他的梦想是有一天成为一名律师。 be为原形；to be动词不定式；been过去分词；being动名词。根据“His dream was...a lawyer one day.”可知，此处用to do不定式来作表语，表示将来的动作。故选B。 5．句意：2016年，他开始为法律考试学习。 start开始，动词原形；starts开始，动词三单；starting开始，动名词；started开始，动词过去式。根据“In 2016”可知，为过去的时间，用一般过去时。故选D。 6．句意：北京大学的老师和学生对他很友好。 kind友好的，形容词；kindly友好地，副词；kindness善意，名词；kinder更友好，形容词比较级。根据“were very...to him”可知，此处用形容词作表语，very修饰形容词原级。故选A。 7．句意：在他们的帮助下，刘自学法律并参加了考试。 he他，人称代词主格；him他，人称代词宾格；his他的，形容词性物主代词；himself他自己，反身代词。根据“Liu studied law by...”可知，此处表示刘政自学，by oneself表示“靠自己”，用反身代词。故选D。 8．句意：他失败了六次，但他从不放弃。 and和；but但是；so因此；or或者。根据“He failed six times, ...he never gave up.”可知，前后发生转折，他失败了六次，但他从不放弃。故选B。 9．句意：刘政有很多爱好。 many许多，修饰可数名词复数；much许多，修饰不可数名词；little较少的，修饰不可数名词；few很少的，修饰可数名词复数。根据后文“He is very good at diabolo (空竹). He also likes to do voluntary work.”可推知，刘政有很多爱好，hobbies为可数名词复数，用many修饰。故选A。 10．句意：北京大学的一名学生说：“我经常在图书馆看到刘政。尽管我们彼此并不了解，但他教会了我，只要努力，再大的梦想也能实现。” on在具体某一天；under在……下方；in在……里面；above在……上方。根据“I often see Liu...the library.”可知，学生经常在图书管理看到他。故选C。 二、短文填空 阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格中填入不多于两个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Everyone has dreams. Whether they are to become a scientist and discover new and 1 (amaze) things, or become a star basketball player and be the 2 (high) paid player in the team, people imagine their future. I have dreams for the future just like everyone else. And I 3 (try) my best to achieve them. College is my 4 (one) step toward achieving my dream. At present I am a student in high school. I do my best to keep my grades up, 5 I know that they will help me into college. I dream of going to the University of California, San Diego 6 (get) a Bachelor’s degree in Biology, then coming back to Stockton to attend 7 good university and to get a PhD in Pharmacy. By the time I get this degree, I will be around 28, so I hope that it will all be worth it. I plan to get a job as a medical researcher. I hope I can 8 (possible) find new, more effective ways of treating patients. As you can see, I have big 9 (plan) for my future. I plan to make something of myself, and not to give up. I have a major fear of failure, and I won’t let it get to me. My parents expect a lot out of me, and I think that I have done a good job so far. My dreams are the things that keep me going. I will make 10 (they) come true one day. 解析：1．amazing 2．highest 3．will try 4．first 5．because 6．to get 7．a 8．possibly 9．plans 10．them 【导语】本文围绕作者的未来梦想与详细规划展开。 【详解】47．句意：无论他们是想成为一名科学家，发现新的、令人惊奇的事物，还是成为一名明星篮球运动员，成为球队中薪水最高的球员，人们都在想象他们的未来。此处使用形容词作定语，修饰名词things，amaze的形容词为amazing，表示“令人惊奇的”，用来修饰物。 48．句意：无论他们是想成为一名科学家，发现新的、令人惊奇的事物，还是成为一名明星篮球运动员，成为球队中薪水最高的球员，人们都在想象他们的未来。此处指成为球队中薪水最高的球员，使用high的最高级highest。 49．句意：我将会尽我最大的努力去实现它们。根据语境可知，此处用将来时will try。 50．句意：大学是我实现梦想的第一步。根据“my...step”可知，此处使用序数词first，表示“第一步”。 51．句意：我尽我最大的努力保持我的成绩，因为我知道它们会帮助我进入大学。前后句为因果关系，使用because连接。 52．句意：我梦想去加州大学圣地亚哥分校获得生物学学士学位，然后回到斯托克顿上一所好大学，获得药学博士学位。此处使用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to get。 53．句意：我梦想去加州大学圣地亚哥分校获得生物学学士学位，然后回到斯托克顿上一所好大学，获得药学博士学位。此处指一所好大学，good为辅音音素开头的单词，使用不定冠词a。 54．句意：我希望我可能找到新的、更有效的治疗病人的方法。此处使用副词possibly修饰动词find。 55．句意：你可以看到，我对我的未来有很大的计划。此处使用名词复数plans，表示“对未来有很多计划”。 56．句意：总有一天我会让它们成真。make为动词，后接人称代词宾格them作宾语。 综合拓展练（测试时间：10分钟） 1、 阅读理解 （24-25七年级下·广东深圳·期末）请阅读全文，并从下面的六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文的意思完整、连贯，并在答题卷上将相应的字母编号涂黑。 Many of us enjoy activities like drawing, playing games, or writing stories. Have you ever thought that one day your interests might become your job in the future? Below are four easy steps to help you explore that idea. Find out Your Favourite Thing 1 Do you like taking photos, baking cookies, or telling jokes? Pick one activity that makes you the happiest. Share with Others Show your friends or family what you made. You could bring your drawings to class, bake cakes for your family, or read a short story to your classmates. 2 Try Small Projects Pick one small goal (目标). 3 Small projects help you learn how to plan and finish things. Keep Going Doing what you love takes time and effort. You might meet problems or make mistakes, but that’s okay. 4 Turning our interests into a career is an amazing journey. 5 Start today, and enjoy everything you learn along the way! A．Remember to keep a big project in your mind. B．Think about what you love to do after school. C．The more you practice, the better you become. D．With these right steps, you can make it happen. E．You will be more confident when you see others enjoy your work. F．For example, draw one picture each week or write a fun poem every month. 解析：1．B 2．E 3．F 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了将兴趣爱好发展为职业的四个步骤。 【详解】11．根据小标题“Find out Your Favourite Thing”和后文“Do you like taking photos, baking cookies, or telling jokes?”可知，此处应说明找到自己喜欢的事情。选项B“想想放学后你喜欢做什么。”与上下文逻辑一致，故选B。 12．根据前文“Show your friends or family what you made.”可知，此处需要补充分享成果带来的积极影响。选项E“当你看到别人喜欢你的作品时，你会更加自信。”符合语境，说明分享的意义。故选E。 13．根据前文“Pick one small goal.”可知，此处需要举例说明小目标的具体形式。选项F“例如，每周画一幅画或每月写一首有趣的诗。”符合语境，故选F。 14．根据小标题“Keep Going”和前文“You might meet problems or make mistakes, but that’s okay.”可知，此处需强调坚持的重要性。选项C“练习得越多，你就会变得越好。”符合段落主旨，鼓励持续努力。故选C。 15．根据前文“Turning our interests into career is an amazing journey.”和后文“Start today, and enjoy everything you learn along the way!”可知，此处需总结全文。选项D“通过这些正确的步骤，你可以实现它。”总结前文四个步骤，呼应主题。故选D。 （24-25七年级下·广东深圳·期末） China has its own “spidermen” in Huangshan, Anhui Province. Their work is not to save the world, but to collect rubbish from high mountain or get phones dropped by tourists. Li Peisheng, 51, is one of the 18 spidermen. They climbed down the Mountain on ropes to keep it clean. “We collect and clean rubbish from very steep cliffs (悬崖),” he said. “When we climb, one hand holds tight, and the other hand moves us carefully. We must be careful not to hit the rocks or bushes.” He added, “To be a ‘Spider-Man’ cleaner, you need a strong awareness of safety and you have to be responsible. Besides, you’d better be in very good health. People with heart problems can’t do this job.” About 20 years ago, 800,000 tourists visited Huangshan every year. At that time, the “Spider-Men” used to climb down seven or eight times a day, sometimes even 10 times, to pick up trash. In recent years, about 4.5 million tourists come each year, but they climb down only four or five times a day, and seven or eight times a day during busy tourist seasons. It shows that visitors are becoming more careful with the environment. Mr. Li said, “We protect the mountains and rivers to help the future of the younger generations (年轻一代). I think it is meaningful! I will continue to work for the beauty and cleanness of Huangshan and help more travelers experience amazing natural beauty of Huangshan.” 6．What do “spidermen” in Huangshan mainly do? A．Save people in danger. B．Collect rubbish from mountaintops. C．Protect wild animals. D．Guide tourists around the mountain. 7．What does Li Peisheng think of his work? A．It’s relaxing with few requirements (要求). B．It’s boring without any special skills needed. C．It’s dangerous as the rubbish is often on cliffs. D．It’s easy because he just needs to pick up trash. 8．What are the requirements to become a Spider-Men cleaner? ①awareness of safety  ②travelling experience  ③responsibility  ④good health A．①③④ B．②③④ C．①②③ D．①②④ 9．Why do the “spidermen” climb fewer times a day now than 20 years ago? A．The spidermen are getting older and weaker. B．There are fewer tourists visiting Huangshan. C．The trash on the mountain has become lighter. D．Visitors can do better in protecting environment. 10．What can we learn from Li Peisheng’s words in the last paragraph? A．He is old now and wants to stop working soon. B．He hopes more people will visit Huangshan in the future. C．He is proud of his job and will keep doing it in the future. D．He believes the mountain will become cleaner in the future. 解析：6．B 7．C 8．A 9．D 10．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国安徽黄山上一群特殊的“蜘蛛人”的工作及其意义。 6．细节理解题。根据“Their work is not to save the world, but to collect rubbish from high mountain or get phones dropped by tourists.”可知，黄山“蜘蛛人”的主要工作是从高山上收集垃圾或捡起游客掉落的手机。故选B。 7．细节理解题。根据“We collect and clean rubbish from very steep cliffs (悬崖),”和“We must be careful not to hit the rocks or bushes.”可知，李培生认为他的工作很危险，因为垃圾经常在悬崖上，需要非常小心。故选C。 8．细节理解题。根据“To be a ‘Spider-Man’ cleaner, you need a strong awareness of safety and you have to be responsible. Besides, you’d better be in very good health.”可知，成为“蜘蛛人”清洁工需要具备安全意识、责任感和良好的健康状况。因此，答案为①③④。故选A。 9．细节理解题。根据“In recent years, about 4. 5 million tourists come each year, but they climb down only four or five times a day, and seven or eight times a day during busy tourist seasons. It shows that visitors are becoming more careful with the environment.”可知，现在“蜘蛛人”每天攀爬的次数比20年前少，是因为游客在保护环境方面做得更好了。故选D。 10．细节理解题。根据“We protect the mountains and rivers to help the future of the younger generations (年轻一代). I think it is meaningful! I will continue to work for the beauty and cleanness of Huangshan and help more travelers experience amazing natural beauty of Huangshan.”可知，李为自己的工作感到自豪，并表示将继续为黄山的美景和清洁而努力工作。故选C。 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $