期末复习之七选五15篇（期末热点话题）-2025-2026学年高一英语人教版必修第三册

**基本信息** 聚焦期末热点，以“人与自我、人与社会、人与自然”三大主题分类，15篇七选五专项训练系统覆盖高频话题，强化语篇逻辑衔接能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |人与自我|5篇|含自我认知、数字美德等主题，考查过渡句与段落主旨|从个人成长切入，构建“问题-建议-实践”逻辑链，提升语言理解与表达能力| |人与社会|5篇|涵盖家庭旅行、传统价值等话题，侧重细节支撑与观点衔接|围绕社会互动展开，体现文化意识与跨文化沟通，培养思维的分析与评价能力| |人与自然|5篇|涉及生态保护、植物研究等内容，注重因果关系与例证衔接|立足自然议题，强化逻辑推断与问题解决能力，渗透人类命运共同体意识|

期末复习之七选五15篇 （期末热点话题） 内容导航 内容速递 本资料共15篇专项训练：主要分为以下三个热点话题 1. 人与自我 2. 人与社会 3. 人与自然 每个话题对应五篇专项练习 人与自我 Passage 1 Building self-esteem is significant because it directly impacts how you view and care for yourself, influencing your overall well-being. High self-esteem often reflects healthy self-care practices. 1 To that end, we can observe the following golden rules to achieve healthy self-esteem. Write out a list of things you admire about yourself. The goal is to change your negative beliefs about yourself. It can be challenging to sit down and think about our admirable qualities. Yet recognizing your skills or things you like about yourself can improve your self-talk. You can try keeping a journal of what you enjoyed or admired. 2 Stop being a people pleaser. 3 They often put helping others before their own mental health. This can lead to great stress and burnout at work or in life. It’s nice to be helpful and thoughtful when you can. But your self-esteem will suffer when you tie it to the support for others. 4 Those with low self-esteem tend to avoid challenges and new opportunities. This can be due to fears or self-doubt. You should face difficulties bravely and try to pull through rough moments. Thus, you will gain increasing confidence in life. Of course, breaking your comfort shell doesn’t mean throwing yourself into highly dangerous situations. Stop comparing yourself to others. Your progress and self-worth shouldn’t be connected to how well other people are doing. It’s not easy to stop comparing yourself to others. 5 Remind yourself that people only share the best parts of their life online. Don’t let likes on a photo determine your self-worth. A．Step out of your comfort zone. B．Learn to remove your self-doubt. C．Staying away from social media can help this effort. D．However, it’s no easy task to build healthy self-esteem. E．It works wonders for improving the way you see yourself. F．People with poor self-esteem feel dutiful to say yes to requests. G．You need to appreciate your differences when compared to others. 【答案】1．D 2．E 3．F 4．A 5．C 【导语】文章介绍了建立健康自尊的重要性，并提出了通过列举自身优点、停止讨好他人、走出舒适区以及避免与他人比较等具体方法来提升自我价值感。 1．上文“Building self-esteem is significant because it directly impacts how you view and care for yourself, influencing your overall well-being. High self-esteem often reflects healthy self-care practices.(培养自尊非常重要，因为它会直接影响你如何看待自己以及如何关爱自己，从而影响你的整体健康状况。拥有高度的自尊往往意味着你有良好的自我照顾习惯)”肯定高自尊的价值，下文“To that end, we can observe the following golden rules to achieve healthy self-esteem.(为此，我们可以遵循以下几条黄金法则来培养健康的自尊)”引出建立健康自尊的法则，此处需要过渡句，解释“为什么需要这些法则”。因此D项“However, it’s no easy task to build healthy self-esteem.(然而，建立健康的自尊并非易事)”符合语境，提出建立健康自尊的难处，与上文形成转折，引出法则的必要性。 2．上文“Yet recognizing your skills or things you like about yourself can improve your self-talk. You can try keeping a journal of what you enjoyed or admired.(然而，认识到自己的技能或自身所具有的优点能够改善你的自我对话。你可以尝试记录下自己所喜欢或钦佩的事情)”建议记录优点来改善自我对话，此处应是对这种方法效果的总结。因此E项“It works wonders for improving the way you see yourself.(这对改善你看待自己的方式有奇效)”符合语境，肯定其效果，承接上文，其中的It指代上文的做法。 3．上文“Stop being a people pleaser.(别再做那种讨好他人的事了)”提出观点“停止讨好他人”，下文“They often put helping others before their own mental health.(他们往往将帮助他人置于自身的心理健康之上)”描述特定人群的一大特征，此处需指出什么是“people pleaser”。因此F项“People with poor self-esteem feel dutiful to say yes to requests. (低自尊的人觉得有义务对请求说“是”)”符合语境，点明“讨好他人者”的心理动机，承上启下。 4．下文“Those with low self-esteem tend to avoid challenges and new opportunities. This can be due to fears or self-doubt. You should face difficulties bravely and try to pull through rough moments. Thus, you will gain increasing confidence in life. Of course, breaking your comfort shell doesn’t mean throwing yourself into highly dangerous situations.(那些自尊心较低的人往往会回避挑战和新的机遇。这可能是由于恐惧或自我怀疑所致。你应该勇敢地面对困难，并努力度过艰难时刻。这样一来，你就会在生活中逐渐获得更多的自信。当然，打破舒适圈并不意味着要让自己陷入极其危险的境地)”在鼓励勇敢尝试、面对挑战，此处是段首主题句，应总的建议打破舒适圈。因此A项“Step out of your comfort zone. (走出你的舒适区)”符合语境，概括下文内容。 5．上文“It’s not easy to stop comparing yourself to others. (要停止与他人进行比较并非易事)”指出停止与他人比较的难处，下文“Remind yourself that people only share the best parts of their life online. Don’t let likes on a photo determine your self-worth. (请记住，人们在网上的分享内容往往都是他们生活中最美好的部分)”建议记住人们在网上展示的实质，此处需要解决方案，说明“如何做到”停止比较，且需结合“社交媒体”。因此C项“Staying away from social media can help this effort. (远离社交媒体有助于这项努力)”符合语境，给出具体可行的建议，承上启下，其中的this effort指代“停止与他人比较”。 Passage 2 How to Practice Virtues in the Digital Age In the digital age, we spend more and more time online, and moral choices are everywhere in our daily life — whether it’s chatting online, doing homework or shopping on social media. It’s important for us, especially teenagers, to know how to practice virtues like honesty, kindness and responsibility in the digital age. 1 2 Honesty is the basic virtue of being a person. When we do online homework or take online exams, we should never copy others’ answers or use search engines to cheat. When we communicate with others online, we should tell the truth and not spread rumors or fake news. Even if no one is watching us online, we should keep the bottom line of honesty. Kindness is another important virtue we need to practice 3 When we see others being cyberbullied online, we should not stand by and watch, but try to help them in a proper way. When our friends are in trouble and ask for help online, we should give them sincere advice instead of making fun of them. Small acts of kindness online can warm people’s hearts just like those in real life. We also need to keep a sense of responsibility in the digital world 4 We should be responsible for our own words and actions — don’t post harmful or inappropriate content online, and don’t comment on others randomly. We should also be responsible for the network environment — if we see fake news or harmful information, we can report it to the relevant platform in time. Virtue is not a word that is far away from us, but it is reflected in every small choice we make. 5 As long as we keep honesty, kindness and responsibility in our hearts, we can practice virtues anytime and anywhere, whether in real life or in the digital world, and become a virtuous person. A．Honesty is the first step to practice virtues online. B．Here are some practical suggestions for us to follow. C．We should use the internet to help others instead of hurting them. D．It doesn’t matter whether we practice virtues in real life or online. E．A virtuous person is loved and respected by everyone around him. F．We can make more friends online by chatting with them every day. G．Responsibility is the guarantee of building a good network environment. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．G 5．D 【导语】主要讲述数字时代人们随处面临网络道德选择，介绍在网络中践行诚实、善良与责任感等美德的具体做法。 1．根据前文“It’s important for us, especially teenagers, to know how to practice virtues like honesty, kindness and responsibility in the digital age.(对我们尤其是青少年而言，懂得如何在数字时代践行诚实、善良、有担当这类美德十分重要)”可知，前文点明践行网络美德的重要性，后文依次介绍各类美德的践行方法，B选项“Here are some practical suggestions for us to follow.(这里有一些可供我们遵从的实用建议)”起到承上启下的作用，自然引出下文具体做法。 2．根据后文“Honesty is the basic virtue of being a person.(诚实是为人处世最基本的美德)”以及后文全部内容均围绕网络生活中坚守诚信展开论述可知，空格处总起本段内容，点明诚信在网络修身中的首要地位，A选项“Honesty is the first step to practice virtues online.(诚信是在网络中践行美德的第一步)”统领整段，贴合下文对诚信行为的讲解。 3．根据前文“Kindness is another important virtue we need to practice.(善良是我们需要践行的另一项重要美德)”以及后文“When we see others being cyberbullied online, we should not stand by and watch, but try to help them in a proper way.(当我们目睹他人遭受网络霸凌时，不应冷眼旁观，而要用恰当的方式伸出援手)”可知，本段围绕网络行善展开，C选项“We should use the internet to help others instead of hurting them.(我们应当利用网络帮助他人，而不是伤害他人)”点明网络行善的核心原则，衔接前后文内容。 4．根据前文“We also need to keep a sense of responsibility in the digital world.(我们也需要在网络世界中树立责任意识)”以及后文“We should be responsible for our own words and actions — don’t post harmful or inappropriate content online.(我们要对自身言行负责，不在网上发布不良不当内容)”可知，本段围绕网络责任感展开叙述，G选项“Responsibility is the guarantee of building a good network environment.(责任感是营造良好网络环境的保障)”点明责任感的重要意义，总领本段内容。 5．根据前文“Virtue is not a word that is far away from us, but it is reflected in every small choice we make.(美德离我们并不遥远，它体现在我们每一个细小的选择之中)”以及后文“As long as we keep honesty, kindness and responsibility in our hearts, we can practice virtues anytime and anywhere, whether in real life or in the digital world.(只要我们心怀诚信、善良与担当，无论身处现实生活还是网络世界，都能随时随地践行美德)”可知，空格处衔接现实与网络践行美德的联系，D选项“It doesn’t matter whether we practice virtues in real life or online.(我们无论是在现实生活中还是网络上践行美德都没什么区别)”承接文意，升华文章主旨。 Passage 3 Learning from Failure No one likes to fail. When you get a bad grade on a test or lose an important game, it feels terrible. 1 You may think you are not smart enough or talented enough. But what if failure is actually a good thing? What if it is a necessary step to success? 2 Thomas Edison failed thousands of times before he invented the light bulb. Vincent van Gogh sold only one painting during his lifetime, yet he never stopped painting. These people did not let failure stop them. Instead, they learned from their mistakes and tried again. In school, you may feel pressured to get perfect scores. 3 When you get a math problem wrong, you find out what you don’t understand. Then you can study that part again. When your composition has many corrections, you learn how to write better next time. Every mistake is a lesson. Without mistakes, you cannot grow. So what should you do when you fail? First, allow yourself to feel sad or disappointed. That is normal. But do not stay in that feeling for too long. Second, be honest with yourself and ask what went wrong. Finally, make a plan. 4 Failure is not the end of the world. It is a teacher. It shows you your weaknesses, so you can turn them into strengths. 5 Look at your mistakes bravely, learn from them, and keep going. Success does not come to those who never fail. It comes to those who never give up. A．You may want to give up. B．Think about some famous people. C．You can turn to your friends for help. D．But making mistakes is how you learn. E．Mistakes help us know ourselves better. F．Then decide what you will do differently. G．The next time you fail, don’t hide your face. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．F 5．G 【导语】文章主要介绍了失败并非坏事，而是成功的必要步骤，阐述了失败的积极意义，并给出了面对失败的正确做法，鼓励读者从失败中学习、永不放弃。 1．上文“When you get a bad grade on a test or lose an important game, it feels terrible.(当你考试成绩不好或者输掉一场重要的比赛时，那种感觉很糟糕)”描述了失败带来的负面感受，A选项“You may want to give up.(你可能会想要放弃)”承接上文，进一步说明失败后可能产生的消极想法，与下文“You may think you are not smart enough or talented enough.(你可能会认为自己不够聪明或者不够有天赋)”并列，都是失败后的常见心态。 2．下文“Thomas Edison failed thousands of times before he invented the light bulb. Vincent van Gogh sold only one painting during his lifetime, yet he never stopped painting.(托马斯·爱迪生在发明电灯泡之前失败了数千次。文森特·梵高一辈子只卖出了一幅画，但他从未停止绘画)”列举了两位名人的失败经历，B选项“Think about some famous people.(想想一些名人)”是对下文内容的总起，引出下文的具体例子。 3．上文“In school, you may feel pressured to get perfect scores.(在学校里，你可能会感到取得满分的压力)”说明学生对完美成绩的追求，下文“When you get a math problem wrong, you find out what you don’t understand. Then you can study that part again. When your composition has many corrections, you learn how to write better next time.(当你一道数学题做错时，你会发现自己不理解的地方。然后你可以再学习那部分内容。当你的作文有很多修改意见时，你会学会下次如何写得更好)”阐述了犯错带来的收获，D选项“But making mistakes is how you learn.(但犯错正是你学习的方式)”承上启下，用转折关系指出犯错的积极意义，衔接上下文。 4．上文“So what should you do when you fail? First, allow yourself to feel sad or disappointed. That is normal. But do not stay in that feeling for too long. Second, be honest with yourself and ask what went wrong. Finally, make a plan.(那么当你失败时应该做什么？首先，允许自己感到悲伤或失望。这是正常的。但不要长时间沉浸在这种情绪中。其次，诚实地面对自己，问问哪里出了问题。最后，制定一个计划)”给出了面对失败的三步做法，F选项“Then decide what you will do differently.(然后决定你要做出哪些不同的改变)”承接上文的“制定计划”，说明计划的具体内容——确定不同的做法，符合步骤逻辑。 5．上文“Failure is not the end of the world. It is a teacher. It shows you your weaknesses, so you can turn them into strengths.(失败不是世界末日。它是一位老师。它会让你看到自己的弱点，这样你就可以把它们变成优点)”阐述了失败的积极作用，下文“Look at your mistakes bravely, learn from them, and keep going.(勇敢地面对你的错误，从中学习，继续前进)”给出了具体的行动建议，G选项“The next time you fail, don’t hide your face.(下次你失败时，不要回避)”承上启下，鼓励读者勇敢面对失败，衔接下文的具体做法，语意连贯。 Passage 4 1 As the name suggests, the term refers to our growing tendency to outsource decisions to systems designed to predict and control our behavior. Now, there’s nothing fundamentally wrong with accepting algorithmic suggestions. 2 But like water slowly carving stone, repeated reliance on AI recommendations can weaken our capacity for independent judgement and even our sense of self. Over time, such reliance not only affects the quality of our choices but also undermines our ability to trust our own judgements. 3 It is the capacity to make intentional choices and take purposeful action. Exercising it requires that we actively shape ourselves through thoughtful choices, rather than being passively shaped by algorithms, social norms, or external pressures. To achieve this, practicing intentional pauses proves workable. That is, before accepting a recommendation, pause and ask, “Would I have made this choice on my own?” 4 For example, when you’re on YouTube, autoplay goes to another video. Instead of watching mindlessly, you pause and realize you’re not truly interested. You close the app and go for a walk instead, following your inner voice over automation. To be human is to choose. It is to exercise the human capacity for intentional action, the ability we have been given to be the authors of our own lives. As AI becomes more integrated in our lives, we must actively preserve our decision-making capacities. 5 A．That is how we remain human. B．So, it’s time to reclaim human agency. C．In many cases they save us considerable time. D．The aim of this question is to stay open to algorithm. E．This short reflection brings awareness to your decisions. F．Psychologists term this common practice “algorithmic dependence”. G．An algorithm is a set of defined rules you follow to get a specific result. 【答案】1．F 2．C 3．B 4．E 5．A 【导语】文章论述了过度依赖算法会削弱人类独立判断能力，呼吁人们通过主动反思来重获决策自主权，保持人性。 1．由下文“As the name suggests, the term refers to our growing tendency to outsource decisions to systems designed to predict and control our behavior.(顾名思义，该术语指我们越来越倾向于把决策权交给预判和掌控我们行为的系统。)”可知，下文解释一个专业术语，本空需引出一个术语，且该术语与“将决策外包给算法系统”相关。F选项“心理学家将这种普遍现象称为‘算法依赖’。”能引出后文，符合语境。 2．由上文“Now, there’s nothing fundamentally wrong with accepting algorithmic suggestions.(现在，接受算法推荐本身并没有什么根本性的问题。)”及下文“But like water slowly carving stone, repeated reliance on AI recommendations can weaken our capacity for independent judgement and even our sense of self.(但正如水滴石穿一般，反复依赖人工智能的推荐，会逐渐削弱我们独立判断的能力，甚至动摇我们的自我意识。)”可知，上文肯定接受算法建议无根本性问题，下文用But转折说明长期依赖的危害，本空应补充接受算法建议的好处作为让步。C项“很多时候它们能为我们节省大量时间。”能承上启下，符合语境。 3．由下文“It is the capacity to make intentional choices and take purposeful action.(它是主动做出选择、采取有目标行动的能力。)”可知，下文开始介绍一种对抗算法依赖的能力。本空应引出这一核心概念或发出号召。B选项“因此，是时候重拾人的自主能动性了。”引出下文内容，符合语境。 4．由上文“To achieve this, practicing intentional pauses proves workable. That is, before accepting a recommendation, pause and ask, “Would I have made this choice on my own?”(为了实现这一目标，践行“有意停顿”被证明是行之有效的。也就是说，在接受一项推荐之前，先停下来问问自己：“如果抛开算法，我自己会做出这个选择吗？”)”可知，本空承接这一自问行为，说明其作用。E选项“这样简短的反思能让你正视自己的选择。”能承接上文，符合语境。 5．由上文“As AI becomes more integrated in our lives, we must actively preserve our decision-making capacities.(随着人工智能不断融入生活，我们必须主动守护自身的决策能力。)”可知，上文强调了保护人类决策能力的必要性。本空位于结尾，应总结全文，升华主旨。A选项“这便是我们保持人之本性的方式。”是对全文主旨的升华总结，符合语境。 Passage 5 How to Develop a Good Reading Habit Reading is a great way to gain knowledge, broaden your horizons and relax your mind. However, many students find it hard to keep a good reading habit. The following tips will help you develop and stick to a reading habit easily, even if you are busy with your studies. First, choose books that interest you,   1 . If you pick a book that is too boring or too difficult, you will easily give up. You can start with storybooks, comic books or books about your hobbies. As you read more, you can slowly try more challenging books. 2 . It's not necessary to read for a long time every day. Even 15 to 20 minutes a day is enough. You can read before going to bed, during breakfast or after class. Setting a fixed time to read will help you form a habit quickly. Third, keep a reading notebook. 3 . You can write down new words, beautiful sentences or your feelings after reading. This not only helps you remember what you read but also improves your writing skills. You can also draw pictures or stick bookmarks to make your notebook more interesting. Don't be afraid to stop and ask for help. 4 . If you meet new words or don't understand a part of the book, you can ask your teachers, parents or classmates for help. You can also use a dictionary to look up new words. Remember, it's normal to have questions while reading. Finally, make reading a part of your life. 5 . You can join a reading club, share books with your friends or talk about your reading experience with others. When reading becomes a part of your daily life, you will find it enjoyable and meaningful. A．Read for a short time every day. B．Reading is a good way to relax. C．It's important to choose the right books. D．Write down what you get from reading. E．Don't read books that are too easy for you. F．Asking for help is not a sign of weakness. G．Try to make reading a fun activity. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．F 5．G 【导语】本文围绕“如何培养良好的阅读习惯”展开，针对学生难以坚持阅读的问题，提出了五条实用且易操作的建议，帮助学业繁忙的学生轻松养成并坚持阅读习惯，感受阅读的乐趣与意义。 1．上文“First, choose books that interest you.(首先，选择你感兴趣的书籍。)”明确了培养阅读习惯的第一个建议——选书，选项C“It's important to choose the right books.(挑选合适的书籍十分重要。)”承接上文，进一步强调选书的重要性，与下文“If you pick a book that is too boring or too difficult, you will easily give up.(如果你选了一本太无聊或太难的书，你很容易放弃。)”的内容相呼应。 2．下文“It's not necessary to read for a long time every day. Even 15 to 20 minutes a day is enough.(不必每天长时间阅读，每天15到20分钟就足够了。)”重点讲述阅读时长的建议，选项A“Read for a short time every day.(每天进行短时阅读。)”作为本段总起句，精准统领整段内容。 3．上文“Third, keep a reading notebook.(第三，准备一本阅读笔记本。)”提出了使用阅读笔记本的建议，选项D“Write down what you get from reading.(写下你从阅读中获得的东西。)”承接上文，明确了阅读笔记本的使用方法，与下文“You can write down new words, beautiful sentences or your feelings after reading.(阅读结束后，你可以把新学到的单词、优美的句子或者自己的感受记录下来。)”的具体内容高度契合。 4．上文“Don't be afraid to stop and ask for help.(不要害怕停下阅读并寻求帮助。)”鼓励读者遇到困难时主动求助，选项F“Asking for help is not a sign of weakness.(求助并不是软弱的表现。)”承接上文，打消读者求助时的心理顾虑，自然引出下文“If you meet new words or don't understand a part of the book, you can ask your teachers, parents or classmates for help.(如果你遇到生词或者对书中的某些内容不理解，你可以向老师、家长或者同学寻求帮助。)”的具体方式。 5．上文“Finally, make reading a part of your life.(最后，让阅读成为你生活的一部分。)”提出了培养阅读习惯的最终方向，选项G“Try to make reading a fun activity.(尽力让阅读变成一项有趣的活动。)”承接上文，为“让阅读融入生活”提供了具体思路，与下文“You can join a reading club, share books with your friends or talk about your reading experience with others.(你可以加入一个读书俱乐部，与朋友分享书籍，或者与他人交流自己的阅读经历。)”的趣味做法相呼应。 人与社会 Passage 1 Nowadays, more and more families choose road trips for their vacation. For one thing, a road trip allows you to see many places in one trip. For another, you can design your own trip according to what your family want to do and see. A great road trip can bring great joy. 1 First, you and your family have to work out the time. 2 A shared free time will help you make sure everyone enjoys the trip. Once you’ve made sure, add the trip date to your calendars. 3 You can choose a place where your family members have always wanted to visit. Just be sure to choose a location (地点) that gives you time to get there and back, and enjoy your visit. You should also leave enough time to make stops, enjoy meals and explore the places. Then, you can map out your trip. You can use online maps. 4 They can also offer you some advice on nearby sights, popular local restaurants as well as shopping malls. Make sure there’s extra time to stop at places you see from the car. Last, have your car filled with water, snacks and first aid things. 5 For example, you can take some activity books or board games. With an iPad, you can enjoy a good movie with your family during the trip. With all the things above done, now you can hit the road and enjoy your wonderful journey! A．You can follow the maps without thinking. B．Next, you need to decide where to go. C．However, a successful one takes some careful planning. D．Discuss when you can take a trip and for how long. E．Besides, the more places you choose, the better your road trip can be. F．Also think about what to have with you to kill time and have fun on the way. G．Let them know the places you want to visit and they’ll plan lines for your trip. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．G 5．F 【导语】文章主要介绍了如今越来越多家庭选择自驾旅行出行，点明自驾旅行的优势，并详细讲述了做好时间规划、确定旅行目的地、规划路线以及准备旅途物品等几项顺利开展自驾旅行的实用准备方法。 1．根据前文“A great road trip can bring  great joy. (一场愉快的自驾旅行能够带来很多欢乐。)”可知前文讲述自驾旅行的好处，后文开始介绍自驾旅行的准备步骤，空处起到承上启下的转折作用，C选项“However, a successful one takes some careful planning. (然而，一场顺利的自驾旅行需要一些精心的规划。)”衔接自然，引出下文。 2．根据前文“First, you and your family have to work out the time. (首先，你和家人必须确定好时间。)” 可知本段围绕确定旅行时间展开叙述，D选项“Discuss when you can take a trip and for how long. (商量好出行的时间以及旅行时长。)” 贴合确定旅行时间这一中心内容。 3．根据后文“You can choose a place where your family members have always wanted to visit. (你可以选择家人们一直想去游玩的地方。)”可知本段主要讲述挑选旅行目的地，B选项“Next, you need to decide where to go. (接下来，你需要确定出行的地点。)”总领本段内容。 4．根据前文“You can use online maps. (你可以使用线上地图。)” 以及后文“They can also offer you some advice on nearby sights, popular local restaurants as well as shopping malls. (它们还能为你推荐周边景点、热门当地餐馆以及商场。)”可知，空前引出线上地图，空后讲述线上地图的用处，G选项“Let them know the places you want to visit and they’ll plan lines for your trip. (把你想去的地方输入进去，它们就会为你规划出行路线。)” 承接上文线上地图，引出后文相关便利服务。 5．根据前文“Last, have your car filled with water, snacks and first aid things. (最后，在车上备好饮用水、零食以及急救用品。)”以及后文“For example, you can take some activity books or board games. (比如，你可以带上趣味读物或者桌游。)”可知，空前讲述要携带必备物品，空后举例说明要准备旅途消遣物品，F选项“Also think about what to have with you to kill time and have fun on the way. (还要想好携带哪些物品用来在路上打发时间、消遣娱乐。)”贴合段落语境，引出下文的具体例子。 Passage 2 The Value of Traditions In a rapidly changing world where technology and globalization are shaping our societies, some people may think traditions are old-fashioned or not important. 1 They provide us with a connection to our past, and help us to better understand our place in the world. In this article, we’ll explore why traditions remain important today. One of the main benefits of traditions is that they can bring people together. Traditions often require people to take part as a group. This can take many forms. For example, they might be a holiday celebration, a wedding ritual (仪式), or a family feast. Such activities also help family members, friends, and neighbors build stronger relationships. 2 On the other hand, for individuals, traditions help us connect with our roots (根). 3 People naturally want to know who they are and where they come from. Traditions help by connecting them to their cultural background and family history. From birthday parties to cultural festivals, individuals learn about their heritage and values by taking part in traditions. 4 From traditional farming practices to ancient healing techniques (疗法), these practices often hold the wisdom of our ancestors. By preserving them, we can ensure that such traditions are not lost but continue to benefit our descendants. Finally, keeping traditions alive can help in promoting economic development in local communities. Traditional customs, arts, or food can attract tourists who want to experience real culture. 5 As a result, jobs are created and people’ s living conditions will be improved. A．This drives the growth of local businesses. B．They provide us with a sense of belonging. C．Keeping traditions alive has many benefits. D．However, traditions still matter to our society. E．Traditions are only important for big festivals. F．Traditions also pass on valuable knowledge and skills. G．Even strangers can feel connected through shared traditions. 【答案】1．D 2．G 3．B 4．F 5．A 【导语】文章主要介绍了传统在现代社会中的价值，包括促进人际联系、增强归属感、传承知识技能以及推动地方经济发展等方面。 1．由上文“In a rapidly changing world where technology and globalization are shaping our societies, some people may think traditions are old-fashioned or not important. (在一个技术变革和全球化塑造社会的快速变化世界中，有些人可能认为传统过时或不重要)”以及下文”They provide us with a connection to our past, and help us to better understand our place in the world. (它们为我们提供了与过去的联系，帮助我们更好地理解自己在世界中的位置)”可知，本空要说传统实际上仍然很重要，D选项“However, traditions still matter to our society. (然而，传统对我们的社会仍然很重要。)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中的“However”与上文的否定观点形成转折，且该选项中的“matter to our society”与下文的“provide us with a connection”相呼应，表示传统的重要性。 2．由上文“One of the main benefits of traditions is that they can bring people together. Traditions often require people to take part as a group. This can take many forms. For example, they might be a holiday celebration, a wedding ritual(仪式), or a family feast. Such activities also help family members, friends, and neighbors build stronger relationships. (传统的主要好处之一是它们能将人们聚集在一起。传统通常要求人们以团体形式参与。这可以采取多种形式。例如，它们可能是节日庆祝、婚礼仪式或家庭宴会。这些活动还有助于家庭成员、朋友和邻居建立更牢固的关系。)”可知，本空要进一步说明传统对人际关系的促进作用，G选项“Even strangers can feel connected through shared traditions. (即使是陌生人也能通过共同的传统感到彼此相连。)”能承接上文，符合题意，该选项中的“Even strangers”是对上文“family members, friends, and neighbors”范围的进一步扩展，表示传统连陌生人都能连接。 3．由上文“On the other hand, for individuals, traditions help us connect with our roots. (另一方面，对个人而言，传统帮助我们与根源相连)”以及下文“People naturally want to know who they are and where they come from. Traditions help by connecting them to their cultural background and family history. (人们自然想知道自己是谁、来自哪里。传统通过将他们与文化底蕴和家族历史相连来帮助解答这些问题。)”可知，本空要说传统给人的归属感，B选项“They provide us with a sense of belonging. (它们给我们提供一种归属感。)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中的“a sense of belonging”与上文的“connect with our roots”和下文的“know who they are”相呼应，表示传统带来的身份认同和归属。 4．由下文“From traditional farming practices to ancient healing techniques, these practices often hold the wisdom of our ancestors. By preserving them, we can ensure that such traditions are not lost but continue to benefit our descendants. (从传统农耕到古老疗法，这些做法往往蕴含着祖先的智慧。通过保护它们，我们能确保这些传统不会失传，而是继续造福后代。)”可知，本空要说传统传承知识和技能的作用，F选项“Traditions also pass on valuable knowledge and skills. (传统也传承宝贵的知识和技能。)”能引出下文，符合题意，该选项中的“pass on valuable knowledge and skills”与下文的“farming practices”“healing techniques”“wisdom of our ancestors”相呼应，表示传统的知识传承功能。 5．由上文“Traditional customs, arts, or food can attract tourists who want to experience real culture. (传统习俗、艺术或美食可以吸引想要体验真实文化的游客。)”以及下文“As a result, jobs are created and people’s living conditions will be improved. (因此，就业机会被创造，人们的生活条件将得到改善)”可知，本空要说旅游业带动经济发展，A选项“This drives the growth of local businesses. (这推动了当地企业的发展。)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中的“This”指代上文的“attract tourists”，且该选项中的“drives the growth”与下文的“jobs are created”“living conditions will be improved”形成因果链条，表示旅游带动商业发展进而改善民生。 Passage 3 Alice Tolbert, a crossing guard who helped generations of students safely cross the street at Ruth Acty Elementary for nearly two decades, retired last month. Alice Tolbert moved to Berkeley as a senior in high school from Alabama. She credited a dream for landing her the crossing guard position. 1 To her surprise, a job opening was posted at the city hall, and she was hired. Miss Alice guarded the crossroads, five days a week, rain or shine. 2 On a typical morning, Miss Alice would arrive at Ruth Acty. “How you doing, baby?” was her most common question for kids crossing the street. If they asked her the same in return, she’d reply, “I’m good!” 3 She was on a mission to teach children the importance of being present in life. “Life is to be lived, and if you learn to listen and watch, you get better, you do well in life, but you gotta learn from somebody who’s got the experience,” she told the kids. 4 “She’ll always high-five me in the morning when I walk to school, and always say hello, and she always has a smile on her face,” said third grader Penelope. “She is a great favorite of the school’s students,” said a teacher from Ruth Acty. On her last day on duty, more than four dozen parents and kids, including middle and high schoolers she hadn’t helped cross for years, brought balloons and hand-printed signs to cheer her on. “ 5 ” read one sign. “Honk (鸣笛) if you love Miss Alice,” read another, and many drivers did. A．Safety comes first! B．Best crossing guard ever! C．She dreamed of her old neighborhood in Alabama. D．Her brief exchanges with students were meaningful. E．She started everybody’s day in the most glorious way. F．The Ruth Acty community valued her for her warmth. G．She listened to the voice to ask for a crossing guard job. 【答案】1．G 2．E 3．D 4．F 5．B 【导语】文章主要讲述了在Ruth Acty小学做了近二十年交通协管员的Alice Tolbert退休前受到学生、家长和社区的尊敬与喜爱。 1．上文“Alice Tolbert moved to Berkeley as a senior in high school from Alabama. She credited a dream for landing her the crossing guard position.(Alice Tolbert高中时从阿拉巴马州搬到伯克利。她将获得交通协管员这一职位归功于一个梦)”说明Alice Tolbert获得交通协管员职位和梦有关。空处和前文为顺接关系，说明梦的具体内容。所以G项“她听从内心的声音去申请交通协管员的工作。”符合语境。该选项中的“ask for a crossing guard job”与上文中的“landing her the crossing guard position”相呼应。 2．上文“Miss Alice guarded the crossroads, five days a week, rain or shine.(爱丽丝小姐每周五天，风雨无阻地守卫着十字路口)”说明爱丽丝小姐工作认真。空处应进一步说明她工作的意义或影响。所以E项“她以最美好的方式开启每个人的一天”符合语境，承接了她日常执勤的行为，体现了其工作带来的积极作用，与前文顺接。 3．上文“On a typical morning, Miss Alice would arrive at Ruth Acty. “How you doing, baby?” was her most common question for kids crossing the street. If they asked her the same in return, she’d reply, “I’m good!”(在一个典型的早晨，爱丽丝小姐会来到Ruth Acty。“你好吗，宝贝？”是她对过马路的孩子最常问的问题。如果他们也这样问她，她会回答：“我很好！”)”说明爱丽丝小姐和孩子们的交流很温馨。空处顺接前文，说明这些交流的性质。所以D项“她与学生的简短交流很有意义”符合语境，该项中的“brief exchanges”与前文的对话内容相呼应。 4．下文““She’ll always high-five me in the morning when I walk to school, and always say hello, and she always has a smile on her face,” said third grader Penelope. “She is a great favorite of the school’s students,” said a teacher from Ruth Acty.(三年级学生佩内洛普说：“早上我步行去学校时，她总是和我击掌，总是打招呼，脸上总是挂着微笑。”Ruth Acty的一位老师说：“她是学校学生最喜欢的人。”)”说明Ruth Acty社区的人都很喜欢爱丽丝小姐，都很珍视她的温暖。空处位于段首，总领这部分内容。所以F项“Ruth Acty社区的人都很珍视她的温暖。”符合语境。 5．上文“On her last day on duty, more than four dozen parents and kids, including middle and high schoolers she hadn’t helped cross for years, brought balloons and hand-printed signs to cheer her on.(在她值班的最后一天，40多位家长和孩子，包括她多年来没有帮助过马路的中学生和高中生，带着气球和手写的标语来为她加油)”说明很多人来为爱丽丝小姐加油。空处和前文为顺接关系，且要体现对她的赞美。所以B项“有史以来最好的交通协管员！”符合语境，与下文中的另一个标语“Honk (鸣笛) if you love Miss Alice(鸣笛如果你爱爱丽丝小姐)”共同体现了大家对她的喜爱。 Passage 4 In today’s digital age, many students find themselves spending hours on social media every day. While these platforms can help us stay connected with friends, they can also become a major source of distraction and anxiety. 1 Here are some practical tips to help you build a healthier relationship with social media. Set time limits for daily use. It’s easy to lose track of time when scrolling through endless posts. Use the timer on your phone or a specialized app to cap your social media usage at, say, one hour per day. 2 Turn off non-essential notifications. Every buzz or ping pulls your attention away from whatever you’re doing. By disabling notifications for likes, comments, or new followers, you reduce the urge to check your phone constantly. 3 Curate your feed actively. Unfollow accounts that make you feel inadequate, jealous, or stressed. Instead, follow pages that inspire you, teach you something new, or simply make you laugh. 4 Schedule phone-free periods. Designate certain times of the day — such as during meals, homework time, or the first hour after waking up — as “no-screen” zones. 5 You might be surprised at how much more focused and calm you feel. A．This helps you regain control over your attention. B．Start with one small change and build from there. C．But breaking free from social media overuse is easier said than done. D．Once the time is up, the app will lock itself or remind you to stop. E．These breaks allow your brain to rest and reset. F．Remember: you are the one who decides what appears on your screen. G．Posting too often can also cause unnecessary pressure. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．F 5．E 【导语】 文章针对学生社交媒体使用过度的现象，提出了设定时限、关闭通知、优化内容和安排无手机时段等实用建议。 1．由上文“While these platforms can help us stay connected with friends, they can also become a major source of distraction and anxiety. (虽然这些平台可以帮助我们与朋友保持联系，但它们也可能成为分散注意力和焦虑的主要来源。)”及下文“Here are some practical tips to help you build a healthier relationship with social media. (以下是一些实用建议，帮助你与社交媒体建立更健康的关系。)”可知，上文指出社交媒体的负面影响，下文引出具体建议，本空应说明摆脱过度使用的困境并不容易。C选项“但摆脱社交媒体过度使用说起来容易做起来难。”能承上启下，符合语境。 2．由上文“Use the timer on your phone or a specialized app to cap your social media usage at, say, one hour per day. (使用手机计时器或专用应用程序，将你的社交媒体使用时间限制在每天一小时左右。)”可知，上文提到设置时间限制，本空应承接说明时间到了之后的结果。D选项“Once the time is up, the app will lock itself or remind you to stop. (一旦时间到了，应用程序会自动锁定或提醒你停止。)”能承接上文，符合语境。 3．由上文“By disabling notifications for likes, comments, or new followers, you reduce the urge to check your phone constantly. (通过禁用点赞、评论或新粉丝的通知，你可以减少不断查看手机的冲动。)”可知，上文介绍了关闭通知的好处，本空应总结这一做法的意义。A选项“这有助于你重新掌控自己的注意力。”是对前文做法效果的总结，符合语境。 4．由上文“Unfollow accounts that make you feel inadequate, jealous, or stressed. Instead, follow pages that inspire you, teach you something new, or simply make you laugh. (取关那些让你感到自卑、嫉妒或有压力的账号。相反，关注那些能激励你、教你新知识或仅仅让你开怀大笑的页面。)”可知，上文讲的是主动筛选关注内容，本空应点明这一行为的主动权在于自己。F选项“记住：是你决定屏幕上出现什么内容。”能承接上文，符合语境。 5．由上文“Designate certain times of the day — such as during meals, homework time, or the first hour after waking up — as “no-screen” zones.(将一天中的特定时间——比如吃饭时、做作业时或醒来后的第一个小时——指定为“无屏幕”区域。)”及下文“You might be surprised at how much more focused and calm you feel. (你可能会惊讶于自己感觉多么专注和平静。)”可知，上文设立了无手机时段，下文描述了这种休息带来的积极感受，本空应解释这些休息的作用。E选项“These breaks allow your brain to rest and reset. (这些休息让你的大脑得到休息和重置。)”能承上启下，符合语境。 Passage 5 How does the funny bone work? If you hit your elbow (肘部) against a hard surface, you’ll feel a strange, and often uncomfortable feeling. We call the part of the body that experiences this feeling the “funny bone”. 1 It is actually a nerve (神经). To understand why this happens, we must first look at how nerves work. Think of nerves as biological wires that carry signals between your body and your brain. For example, if you touch something sticky, your nerves send a message to the brain to tell it about the feeling. 2 Then, it sends a signal back to your fingers, telling them to wipe the stuff off. The “funny bone” is specifically the ulnar nerve. It runs from your shoulder down to your hand. At the elbow, this nerve passes through a narrow space against the bottom of your upper arm bone. 3 So, when you hit your elbow, you are momentarily pressing this nerve against the bone. This impact sends a painful feeling from your elbow all the way to your little finger. 4 Some people believe it is named for the “funny” or strange feeling you experience after the impact. Others think the name comes from a word game — the upper arm bone is called the humerus, which sounds exactly like the word “humorous”. Despite its funny name, hitting your funny bone is actually very painful. It is certainly not something you would want to do on purpose. 5 Take a deep breath or lose yourself in a quick joke, and the discomfort will soon pass. A．However, this part is not a bone at all. B．It is not protected by much muscle or fat. C．Most people find the name quite enjoyable. D．The brain processes this information at once. E．The nerve is responsible for controlling your heart rate. F．You might wonder why this part has such an unusual name. G．Luckily, the uncomfortable feeling usually disappears very quickly. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．F 5．G 【导语】文章主要解释了“滑稽骨”的工作原理，指出它实际上是一根神经，并说明了撞击肘部产生奇怪感觉的原因以及这一名称的可能来源。 1．前文“We call the part of the body that experiences this feeling the “funny bone”. (我们称身体中经历这种感觉的部位为“滑稽骨”。)”指出人们把这个部位叫做“滑稽骨（funny bone）”。后文“It is actually a nerve. (它实际上是一根神经。)”指出这个部位实际上不是骨头而是神经（nerve）。A选项“However, this part is not a bone at all. (然而，这个部位根本不是骨头。)”在“bone”和“nerve”之间起到了转折和过渡作用，使前后文形成逻辑衔接。 2．前文“For example, if you touch something sticky, your nerves send a message to the brain to tell it about the feeling. (例如，如果你碰到黏糊糊的东西，你的神经会向大脑发送信息，告诉它这种感觉。)”说明神经将信息发送给大脑。后文“Then, it sends a signal back to your fingers, telling them to wipe the stuff off. (然后，它向你的手指发回信号，告诉它们把东西擦掉。)”写明大脑在接收信息后会发出指令。D选项“The brain processes this information at once. (大脑立刻处理这些信息。)”填补了“大脑接收信息”和“大脑发出指令”之间的中间环节，使前后形成清晰的逻辑链条。 3．前文“At the elbow, this nerve passes through a narrow space against the bottom of your upper arm bone. (在肘部，这根神经穿过一个紧贴上臂骨底部的狭窄空间。)”表明这根神经在肘部的位置非常特殊。B选项“It is not protected by much muscle or fat. (它没有受到很多肌肉或脂肪的保护。)”中的It指代前文中的this nerve，并解释了后文“So, when you hit your elbow, you are momentarily pressing this nerve against the bone. (所以，当你撞到手肘时，你瞬间将这根神经压在了骨头上。)”所描述的撞击会直接压迫到神经的原因，与前后文构成因果关系。 4．后文“Some people believe it is named for the “funny” or strange feeling you experience after the impact. Others think the name comes from a word game — the upper arm bone is called the humerus, which sounds exactly like the word “humorous”. (有些人认为它是以撞击后你体验到的“滑稽”或奇怪的感觉命名的。其他人认为这个名字来自一个文字游戏——上臂骨叫做humerus，其发音与“humorous”完全相同。)”解释“funny bone”这个名字的两种可能来源。F选项“You might wonder why this part has such an unusual name. (你可能会想知道为什么这个部位有这样一个不寻常的名字。)”引出后文对名字由来的解释，符合后文逻辑。 5．前文“Despite its funny name, hitting your funny bone is actually very painful. (尽管名字很有趣，但撞到滑稽骨实际上非常痛苦。)”表明撞到滑稽骨会带来痛苦。后文“Take a deep breath or lose yourself in a quick joke, and the discomfort will soon pass. (深呼吸或用个笑话分散注意力，这种不适感很快就会过去。)”表明这种不适感很快会消失。G选项“Luckily, the uncomfortable feeling usually disappears very quickly. (幸运的是，这种不舒服的感觉通常很快就会消失。)”与前文形成转折，且其中的“disappears very quickly”与后文的“will soon pass”形成呼应。 人与自然 Passage 1 End is Close to mouse in New Zealand You might have heard that we are only at a distance of a few meters away from a mouse. Maybe that’s true. It’s estimated (估计) that there are as many rats as there are people on the planet. 1 Recently, the New Zealand government has announced that it would try to get rid of every single rat, opossum (负鼠) and stoat (白鼬) in the country by 2050. 2 Also, native species (物种) will be better protected, because these animals are destroying the country’s natural habitats (栖息地). New Zealand is an ancient island which was home to many different wildlife species long before humans arrived. It’s thought that when people first traveled to the island on ships hundreds of years ago, they brought rats along with them by mistake. 3 Soon, stoats were brought in to control the spread of rabbits as well. 4 Over 40 types of flightless birds ended up dying out after these introduced species ate their eggs and disturbed their habitats, as the birds were unable to protect themselves. To carry out the plan, the government will set thousands of traps and even spread poison across some areas. Scientists are also working on using the CRISPR gene-editing tool to find a way to stop the mice from increasing. 5 As science journal Nature wrote, “Once you start getting rid of all the harmful species, you’re fighting against the law of nature to some degree.” A．This is not just to make the streets a cleaner place. B．Some think more effective actions should be taken. C．Later, opossums were introduced to the country for their fur. D．However, some worry that the actions may have unwanted effects. E．But for people in New Zealand, the distance may soon be a lot bigger. F．And then, some other foreign species were also introduced to New Zealand. G．In a country with few natural enemies, introducing these species was a disaster. 【答案】1．E 2．A 3．C 4．G 5．D 【导语】本文介绍新西兰计划消灭外来有害动物，讲述其入侵由来与造成的危害，同时提及相关治理手段及外界对此举的担忧。 1．由上文“It’s estimated (估计) that there are as many rats as there are people on the planet.(据估计，地球上老鼠的数量和人类数量一样多。)”可知，前文说老鼠随处可见，空格处转折引出新西兰的特殊情况。E项“But for people in New Zealand, the distance may soon be a lot bigger.(但对于新西兰民众而言，人与老鼠的距离很快会变得远得多。)”符合语境，起到承上启下的作用。 2．由下文“Also, native species (物种) will be better protected, because these animals are destroying the country’s natural habitats (栖息地).(此外本土物种能得到更好保护，因为这些外来动物正在破坏自然栖息地。)”可知，后文讲述除清理环境外的另一重目的。A项“This is not just to make the streets a cleaner place.(这一举动不只是为了让街道更加干净整洁。)”符合语境，引出下文其他目的，有承下作用。 3．由上文“It’s thought that when people first traveled to the island on ships hundreds of years ago, they brought rats along with them by mistake. (人们认为，数百年前人类乘船首次来到这座岛屿时，无意间把老鼠也带了过来。)”以及下文“Soon, stoats were brought in to control the spread of rabbits as well.(不久人们又引进白鼬来控制兔子泛滥。)”可知，空格处介绍另一种被引进的物种。C项“Later, opossums were introduced to the country for their fur.(后来，人们为获取皮毛将负鼠引入此地。)”符合语境，按顺序列举外来物种，有承上作用。 4．由下文“Over 40 types of flightless birds ended up dying out after these introduced species ate their eggs and disturbed their habitats.(四十多种不会飞的鸟类因外来物种偷吃鸟蛋、破坏栖息地最终灭绝。)”可知，空格处总述引进物种带来巨大危害。G项“In a country with few natural enemies, introducing these species was a disaster.(在缺少天敌的新西兰，引进这些物种酿成了一场灾难。)”符合语境，总领本段内容。 5．由下文“Once you start getting rid of all the harmful species, you’re fighting against the law of nature to some degree.(全力清除有害物种在某种程度上违背自然规律。)”可知，空格处表明部分人对此计划存有担忧。D项“However, some worry that the actions may have unwanted effects.(然而，有人担忧这些举措会产生意想不到的负面影响。)”符合语境，形成语意转折，有承下作用。 Passage 2 For a long time, I didn’t really think about waste. I would throw things away without asking where to put them. 1 Not just about throwing things away, but about what happens after that. That’s when I realised something surprising — there is no “away”. Everything we throw still exists somewhere. At school, we began exploring this idea through our unit of inquiry (探究). We looked at how waste affects the environment, animals, and even people. I learned that plastic can take hundreds of years to break down. 2 That made me think about my own habits. I started noticing how often I used things just once and threw them away — the plastic spoons and extra paper I didn’t really need. Before, I felt it’s normal. 3 So I decided to try. I began with small things. For example, I tried to finish what’s on my plate so there would be less waste. 4 Sometimes I forget. Sometimes it’s more convenient just to throw something away. But now, at least, I think about it. And that makes a difference. One of the most interesting things I learned is that being “zero waste” doesn’t mean creating absolutely no waste at all. It means trying to reduce it as much as possible and making better choices every day. It also made me realise that even small actions matter. If one person reduces a little waste, it may not seem like much. 5 I also spoke to my family about it. Now at home, we try to separate our waste and reuse things when we can. It feels good to know that what I learned in school is not just for school — it can change what we do every day. A．However, it’s not always easy. B．Do I really need to waste this? C．Now, it feels like something I can change. D．Sometimes it doesn’t fully disappear at all. E．But if many people do the same thing, it adds up. F．But recently, we started talking about waste in a different way in school. G．We could track the food waste for one week and brainstorm ways to reduce it. 【答案】1．F 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．E 【导语】作者从前随意丢弃垃圾，在校学习垃圾危害后幡然醒悟，主动改正浪费习惯、践行减废行动，还带动家人，明白微小环保行动积累起来意义重大。 1．根据上文“For a long time, I didn’t really think about waste. I would throw things away without asking where to put them.(很长一段时间里，我都没有真正去思考过浪费的问题。我随意丢弃东西，却从不考虑该把它们放在哪里)”以及后文“Not just about throwing things away, but about what happens after that. That’s when I realised something surprising — there is no “away”. Everything we throw still exists somewhere.(这不仅仅关乎将东西丢弃处理，更在于之后会发生什么。就在那时，我有了一个令人惊讶的发现——所谓的“丢弃”其实并不存在——我们所丢弃的每一样东西仍然存在于某个地方)”可知，上文讲作者之前从不关注垃圾的去向，下文讲作者开始思考垃圾丢弃后的影响，F项“但最近我们在学校开始以不同的方式讨论垃圾问题”刚好承上启下，符合转变的逻辑。 2．根据上文“At school, we began exploring this idea through our unit of inquiry (探究). We looked at how waste affects the environment, animals, and even people. I learned that plastic can take hundreds of years to break down.(在学校里，我们通过探究单元这一形式开始探讨这个话题。我们研究了废弃物对环境、动物以及人类的影响。我了解到塑料需要数百年才能分解)”可知，上文提到“塑料需要数百年才能分解”，D项“有时塑料甚至根本不会完全消失”顺承上文关于塑料难降解的描述，衔接自然。 3．根据上文“That made me think about my own habits. I started noticing how often I used things just once and threw them away — the plastic spoons and extra paper I didn’t really need. Before, I felt it’s normal.(这让我开始反思自己的习惯。我开始留意自己是多么频繁地使用完某件物品后就将其丢弃——那些塑料勺子和多余的纸张，其实我并不真的需要它们。以前，我觉得这是很正常的)”以及后文“So I decided to try. I began with small things. For example, I tried to finish what’s on my plate so there would be less waste.(于是我就决定尝试一下。我先从小事做起。比如，我努力把盘子里的食物吃完，这样就能减少浪费了)”可知，上文说作者以前觉得一次性用品用后丢弃是正常的，下文说作者决定尝试做出改变，C项“现在，我觉得这是我可以改变的事情”正好衔接前后的态度转变。 4．根据后文“Sometimes I forget. Sometimes it’s more convenient just to throw something away. But now, at least, I think about it. And that makes a difference. One of the most interesting things I learned is that being “zero waste” doesn’t mean creating absolutely no waste at all. It means trying to reduce it as much as possible and making better choices every day.(有时我会忘记。有时干脆把东西扔掉会更方便些。但如今，至少我现在会去思考这个问题。这确实是有意义的。我了解到的最有趣的事情之一是，“零废弃”并不意味着完全杜绝一切废弃物的产生。它意味着要尽可能减少废弃物，并且每天都要做出更好的选择)”可知，下文提到“有时候我会忘记坚持，有时候直接丢垃圾更方便”，讲的是坚持减废的难点，A项“然而，这件事并不总是容易的”刚好引出下文的困难，逻辑通顺。 5．根据上文“It also made me realise that even small actions matter. If one person reduces a little waste, it may not seem like much.(这也让我意识到，即使是小小的行动也很重要。如果一个人能减少一点点废弃物，那看起来可能并不起眼)”以及后文“I also spoke to my family about it. Now at home, we try to separate our waste and reuse things when we can. It feels good to know that what I learned in school is not just for school — it can change what we do every day.(我还和家人谈了这件事。现在在家，我们努力将垃圾进行分类，并在可能的情况下重复利用物品。知道在学校学到的东西不仅适用于学校本身，还能改变我们日常生活中的行为，这种感觉真好)”可知，上文说“一个人减少一点垃圾，看起来没什么影响”，E项“但如果很多人都这么做，就会积少成多”转折呼应上文，也引出下文作者带动家人一起行动的内容，符合语境。 Passage 3 The belief in talking to plants has existed for centuries. Ancient civilizations, such as the Greeks and local cultures, believed plants responded to energy, emotion, and sound. In the 1840s, German professor Gustav Fechner suggested plants might have feelings. 1 Technically, plants don’t have ears or a nervous system, so they don’t “hear” in the traditional sense. However, studies have shown plants can detect vibrations (振动) in their environment — including sound waves produced by human speech or music. 2 For instance, South Korean researchers found certain plant genes (基因) responded positively to classical music and human voice frequencies. Some studies suggest that plants respond more favorably to female voices than male voices due to differences in pitch (音高) and frequency. Music types like classical or jazz have shown positive results, while loud rock music may stress plants. Ultimately, regularity and loudness may influence the result. 3 4 However, there are enough facts to suggest that plants are sensitive to their environments — including sound. Whether it’s the vibration from your voice or the regular care that comes from daily contact, your plants just might benefit. Talking to plants may not be magic, but it does encourage a deeper connection with nature, mindful gardening, and perhaps even a little extra vibrational help. 5 Either way, your plant may thank you in its own green way. So go ahead — speak softly some words of encouragement to your favorite leafy green plant. A．Genes play an important role in plants’ growth. B．Nobody has observed plants react to external factors. C．You might rely on science or just care for plants well. D．We haven’t proven talking to plants directly speeds growth. E．They can detect and respond to sounds like speech or music. F．Gentle and calm sounds seem to create vibrations that are more beneficial for plants. G．That laid the basis for the idea of a psychological connection between humans and nature. 【答案】1．G 2．E 3．F 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了与植物交谈的古老信念，并从科学角度解释了植物如何探测和响应声音振动，同时指出这种活动可能带来的益处。 1．空前“In the 1840s, German professor Gustav Fechner suggested plants might have feelings.(在19世纪40年代，德国教授古斯塔夫·费希纳提出植物可能具有情感。)”提到植物可能具有情感这一理论，空白处需要填入与此相关的结论或延伸。G项“That laid the basis for the idea of a psychological connection between humans and nature.(这为人类与自然之间存在心理联系的观点奠定了基础。)”中的“That”指代前文Fechner的观点，说明其历史意义，与上文衔接自然，且能结束本段论述。故选G。 2．空前“However, studies have shown plants can detect vibrations (振动) in their environment — including sound waves produced by human speech or music.(不过，研究显示植物能够感知其所处环境中的振动——包括人类说话或演奏音乐所产生的声波。 例如，韩国研究人员发现某些植物基因对古典音乐和人类声音的频率会有积极的反应。)”指出“研究表明植物能探测环境中的振动，包括人声或音乐产生的声音波”，空后以“例如”引出具体研究。空白处需要填入一个承上启下的句子，进一步说明植物对声音的反应。E项“They can detect and respond to sounds like speech or music.(它们能够感知并响应诸如说话或音乐之类的声音。)”直接承接前句的“探测”，并引出“响应”的概念，为后文的例子做铺垫。故选E。 3．空处位于第三段末尾。空前“Some studies suggest that plants respond more favorably to female voices than male voices due to differences in pitch (音高) and frequency. Music types like classical or jazz have shown positive results, while loud rock music may stress plants. Ultimately, regularity and loudness may influence the result.(一些研究表明，植物对女性声音的反应比对男性声音的反应更为积极，这是因为声音的音调和频率存在差异。像古典音乐或爵士乐这类音乐类型显示出积极的效果，而响亮的摇滚音乐可能会对植物产生压力。最终，规律性和音量大小可能会对结果产生影响。)”讨论了植物对不同声音（如女声与男声、古典乐与摇滚乐）的反应差异，并指出规律性和音量可能影响结果。空白处需要填入一个能概括或总结本段大意的句子。F项“Gentle and calm sounds seem to create vibrations that are more beneficial for plants.(轻柔而平静的声音似乎能产生更有益于植物的振动。)”精准概括了本段关于有益声音特征的论述，作为段末结论句恰当。故选F。 4．空处位于第四段开头。后文“However, there are enough facts to suggest that plants are sensitive to their environments — including sound.(然而，有足够多的事实表明，植物对它们所处的环境（包括声音）是敏感的。)”以“However”转折，引出“有足够事实表明植物对环境敏感”。因此，空白处应填入一个与后文构成转折关系的否定陈述。D项“We haven’t proven talking to plants directly speeds growth.(我们尚未证明直接与植物对话能加快其生长速度。)”是一个否定事实，与后文的肯定性论述形成鲜明对比，逻辑通顺。故选D。 5．空前“Talking to plants may not be magic, but it does encourage a deeper connection with nature, mindful gardening, and perhaps even a little extra vibrational help.(与植物交流或许并非什么神奇之举，但它确实能增进人与自然的紧密联系、促进有意识的园艺活动，甚至可能带来些许额外的“能量”助力。)”提到与植物交谈的好处，空后“Either way, your plant may thank you in its own green way.(不管怎样，你的植物或许会以自己独特的绿色方式来感谢你。)”说“无论哪种方式，你的植物可能会感谢你”。空白处需要填入一个能引出“两种方式”的句子。C项“You might rely on science or just care for plants well.(你可以依靠科学知识，也可以精心照料植物。)”提出了两种可能的态度或做法，与后文“Either way”直接呼应，衔接紧密。故选C。 Passage 4 If people prefer warm or cold weather all year long, where should they go? Or if they liked cold weather, where would they go? The answer to this question depends upon the angle at which sunlight hits the Earth. 1 The angle at which sunlight strikes the earth’s surface is called the angle of insolation (日射). It means the amount of the sun’s energy that reaches the earth at a given place and time. The angle of insolation is always smaller near the North and South Poles, which results in colder temperatures there. 2 What affects insolation? In the morning the sun is close to the horizon and at midday it is at its highest in the sky. 3 Measuring the angle of insolation is difficult because light rays are not easy to see. Therefore, the way to measure the angle is by measuring the shadows created by light rays. The shorter the shadow is, the more direct the angle of the light ray. As a result, the hotter the temperature is. 4 That is why asphalt (沥青) roads get so hot in direct sunlight. Dark soil and rocks also get very hot. Light colored sand and rocks do not get as hot because they reflect light, while dark colored things absorb light. Texture also helps determine temperature. 5 Rough textures cause light to bounce around at many angles, and each time a little more energy is absorbed. Therefore, rough surfaces get hotter than smooth surface. A．Why do some things get hotter than others? B．It refers to how smooth or rough a surface is. C．The angle determines the amount of heat the sun produces. D．After midday the sun lowers and the angle creates less heat. E．The sun’s path is high overhead and at its hottest at midday. F．Dark colors get hotter than light colors in the same temperature. G．On the other hand, the angle of insolation near the equator (赤道) creates warmer temperatures. 【答案】1．C 2．G 3．D 4．F 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了太阳光照射地球的角度(即日射角)如何影响气温，并进一步解释了颜色和质地等因素对温度的影响。 1．上文“If people prefer warm or cold weather all year long, where should they go? Or if they liked cold weather, where would they go? The answer to this question depends upon the angle at which sunlight hits the Earth. (如果人们全年都喜欢温暖或寒冷的气候，他们该去哪里?或者如果他们喜欢寒冷，又该去哪里?这个问题的答案取决于阳光照射地球的角度。)”提出了问题并指出答案与阳光角度有关。C选项“The angle determines the amount of heat the sun produces. (这个角度决定了太阳产生的热量多少。)”承接上文，具体说明了角度是如何影响气候的——通过决定热量多少，从而为下文引出“日射角”的概念做了铺垫。下文“The angle at which sunlight strikes the earth’s surface is called the angle of insolation (日射). (阳光照射地球表面的角度被称为日射角)”则正式引入这一核心概念。故选C项。 2．上文“The angle of insolation is always smaller near the North and South Poles, which results in colder temperatures there. (日射角在南北极附近总是较小，这导致那里的气温较低。)”解释了极地寒冷的原因。G选项“On the other hand, the angle of insolation near the equator (赤道) creates warmer temperatures. (另一方面，赤道附近的日射角则导致气温较高。)”通过“On the other hand”与上文构成对比，补充了赤道地区的情况，使对日射角与温度关系的说明更加完整。故选G项。 3．上文“In the morning the sun is close to the horizon and at midday it is at its highest in the sky. (早晨太阳接近地平线，正午时在天空中处于最高点)”描述了太阳在一天中的位置变化。D选项“After midday the sun lowers and the angle creates less heat. (正午过后太阳降低，角度产生的热量减少。)”承接上文，补充了正午之后太阳位置及热量的变化，使对太阳日运动轨迹的描述更加完整。下文“Measuring the angle of insolation is difficult because light rays are not easy to see. (测量日射角很困难，因为光线不易被看见。)”则转而讨论测量难题，与D选项共同构成对日射角的完整介绍。故选D项。 4．下文“That is why asphalt (沥青) roads get so hot in direct sunlight. (这就是为什么沥青路在阳光直射下会变得那么热)”可推知，设空处需说明沥青路在阳光直射下会变得那么热的原因，F选项“Dark colors get hotter than light colors in the same temperature. (在相同的温度下，深色比浅色更热。)”阐述了这一原理，同时与下文“That”构成指代关系。故选F项。 5．上文“Texture also helps determine temperature. (质地也有助于决定温度。)”引出“质地”这一新因素。B选项“It refers to how smooth or rough a surface is. (它指的是表面光滑或粗糙的程度。)”承接上文，用“It”指代上文的“Texture”，对“质地”这一术语进行定义。下文“Rough textures cause light to bounce around at many angles, and each time a little more energy is absorbed. Therefore, rough surfaces get hotter than smooth surface. (粗糙的质地会使光线在许多角度间反射，每一次都有更多一点的能量被吸收。因此，粗糙表面比光滑表面更热。)”则基于这一定义，具体解释粗糙质地如何导致温度升高。故选B项。 Passage 5 Recently, I came across an image on the Internet: a crying Earth surrounded by fallen trees, declaring, “No intelligent species would destroy their own home.” This image troubled me deeply. I refuse to let my eight-year-old son believe humans are stupid or evil — because it’s obviously untrue. 1 . I’m wondering if, perhaps, there are other folks out there who feel the same as I do. 2 . Our ancestors burned coal to solve urgent problems: growing more food, heating and lighting homes. We want to provide a good life for ourselves and our children. The results have been astonishing. In the U.S. in 1895 one quarter of people died before age five. Today it’s under 1%, and we will keep pushing until it hits zero. Imagine the essays Ben Franklin or Mark Twain would write about this level of advancement. 3 . So much of that achievement has been based on the fossil fuels we’ve burned, whether coal, natural gas or oil. We’ve learned that this harms both the environment and people. 4 . It was not long ago that London cleaned its smoke-blackened air. When rain becomes acidic, the world changes its policies. When harms are done locally, we tend to be pretty good at cleaning things up. Here’s where I feel hope: we have already done this, and we know it is possible. I don’t want my son growing up thinking that his species is in some way evil. 5 . Whatever strategies we take to fix global warming will create more new problems, too. This is a pretty normal story for intelligent species. A．But I often find myself quite lonely. B．Yet our past mistakes are still haunted us today. C．I want him thinking humans are problem solvers. D．To our credit we aren’t always bad at addressing this. E．Therefore, it is essential to abandon fossil fuels immediately. F．How would they keep tears from their eyes if they saw what we’ve achieved? G．We didn’t cause climate change through being stupid, but through being extremely smart. 【答案】1．A 2．G 3．F 4．D 5．C 【导语】这是一篇议论文。作者看到地球哭泣的图片深受触动，不愿让儿子认为人类愚蠢邪恶。人类靠智慧发展带来环境问题，但也有能力解决，应教会孩子人类是问题解决者。 1．根据上文“I refuse to let my eight-year-old son believe humans are stupid or evil — because it’s obviously untrue.(我绝不让我的八岁儿子相信人类是愚蠢或邪恶的——因为这显然是不符合事实的)”以及后文“I’m wondering if, perhaps, there are other folks out there who feel the same as I do. (我想知道，或许还有其他像我一样有这种看法的人存在吧)”可知，作者不希望儿子认为人类是愚蠢或邪恶的，并且认为自己的想法可能不是普遍的，所以会感到孤独，前后文为转折关系。故A选项“但我常常感到很孤独”符合语境，故选A。 2．根据后文“Our ancestors burned coal to solve urgent problems: growing more food, heating and lighting homes. We want to provide a good life for ourselves and our children.(我们的先辈燃烧煤炭是为了解决一些紧迫的问题：比如增加粮食产量、为房屋供暖以及照明。而我们则希望为自己和我们的后代创造美好的生活)”可知，本段主要讲述的是人类祖先燃烧煤炭是为了解决紧迫的问题，为孩子提供美好的生活，这是人类智慧的体现，故G选项“我们造成气候变化不是因为愚蠢，而是因为极其聪明”符合语境，故选G。 3．根据上文“The results have been astonishing. In the U.S. in 1895 one quarter of people died before age five. Today it’s under 1%, and we will keep pushing until it hits zero. Imagine the essays Ben Franklin or Mark Twain would write about this level of advancement.(结果令人震惊。在1895 年的美国，有四分之一的儿童在五岁前就夭折了。而如今这一比例已降至不足 1%，并且我们还将继续努力，直至这一比例降为零。想象一下本·富兰克林或马克·吐温会如何描写这种程度的进步呢)”可知，本段主要讲述的是人类取得的进步，本句对人类成就进行总结。故F选项“如果他们看到我们所取得的成就，他们怎么能忍住不流泪呢”符合语境，故选F。 4．根据后文“It was not long ago that London cleaned its smoke-blackened air. When rain becomes acidic, the world changes its policies. When harms are done locally, we tend to be pretty good at cleaning things up. Here’s where I feel hope: we have already done this, and we know it is possible.(就在不久前，伦敦才清理了其被烟尘污染的空气。当雨水变得酸性时，全世界都会调整其政策。当损害发生在当地时，我们往往能够很好地解决这些问题。这就是我感到希望的地方：我们已经做到了这一点，并且我们知道这是可行的)”可知，本段主要讲述的是人类在解决环境问题上所取得的进步，故D选项“值得称赞的是，我们在解决这个问题上并不总是很糟糕”符合语境，故选D。 5．根据上文“I don’t want my son growing up thinking that his species is in some way evil.(我不想让我的儿子在成长过程中产生这样的想法，即他所属的这个物种在某种程度上是邪恶的)”以及后文“Whatever strategies we take to fix global warming will create more new problems, too. This is a pretty normal story for intelligent species.(无论我们采取何种措施来应对全球变暖，都会引发更多的新问题。对于智慧型生物而言，这种情况在所难免)”可知，作者不希望儿子认为人类是邪恶的，并且后文提到作者认为人类是聪明的，故C选项“我希望他觉得人类是解决问题的能手”符合语境，故选C。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 期末复习之七选五15篇 （期末热点话题） 内容导航 内容速递 本资料共15篇专项训练：主要分为以下三个热点话题 1. 人与自我 2. 人与社会 3. 人与自然 每个话题对应五篇专项练习 人与自我 Passage 1 Building self-esteem is significant because it directly impacts how you view and care for yourself, influencing your overall well-being. High self-esteem often reflects healthy self-care practices. 1 To that end, we can observe the following golden rules to achieve healthy self-esteem. Write out a list of things you admire about yourself. The goal is to change your negative beliefs about yourself. It can be challenging to sit down and think about our admirable qualities. Yet recognizing your skills or things you like about yourself can improve your self-talk. You can try keeping a journal of what you enjoyed or admired. 2 Stop being a people pleaser. 3 They often put helping others before their own mental health. This can lead to great stress and burnout at work or in life. It’s nice to be helpful and thoughtful when you can. But your self-esteem will suffer when you tie it to the support for others. 4 Those with low self-esteem tend to avoid challenges and new opportunities. This can be due to fears or self-doubt. You should face difficulties bravely and try to pull through rough moments. Thus, you will gain increasing confidence in life. Of course, breaking your comfort shell doesn’t mean throwing yourself into highly dangerous situations. Stop comparing yourself to others. Your progress and self-worth shouldn’t be connected to how well other people are doing. It’s not easy to stop comparing yourself to others. 5 Remind yourself that people only share the best parts of their life online. Don’t let likes on a photo determine your self-worth. A．Step out of your comfort zone. B．Learn to remove your self-doubt. C．Staying away from social media can help this effort. D．However, it’s no easy task to build healthy self-esteem. E．It works wonders for improving the way you see yourself. F．People with poor self-esteem feel dutiful to say yes to requests. G．You need to appreciate your differences when compared to others. Passage 2 How to Practice Virtues in the Digital Age In the digital age, we spend more and more time online, and moral choices are everywhere in our daily life — whether it’s chatting online, doing homework or shopping on social media. It’s important for us, especially teenagers, to know how to practice virtues like honesty, kindness and responsibility in the digital age. 1 2 Honesty is the basic virtue of being a person. When we do online homework or take online exams, we should never copy others’ answers or use search engines to cheat. When we communicate with others online, we should tell the truth and not spread rumors or fake news. Even if no one is watching us online, we should keep the bottom line of honesty. Kindness is another important virtue we need to practice 3 When we see others being cyberbullied online, we should not stand by and watch, but try to help them in a proper way. When our friends are in trouble and ask for help online, we should give them sincere advice instead of making fun of them. Small acts of kindness online can warm people’s hearts just like those in real life. We also need to keep a sense of responsibility in the digital world 4 We should be responsible for our own words and actions — don’t post harmful or inappropriate content online, and don’t comment on others randomly. We should also be responsible for the network environment — if we see fake news or harmful information, we can report it to the relevant platform in time. Virtue is not a word that is far away from us, but it is reflected in every small choice we make. 5 As long as we keep honesty, kindness and responsibility in our hearts, we can practice virtues anytime and anywhere, whether in real life or in the digital world, and become a virtuous person. A．Honesty is the first step to practice virtues online. B．Here are some practical suggestions for us to follow. C．We should use the internet to help others instead of hurting them. D．It doesn’t matter whether we practice virtues in real life or online. E．A virtuous person is loved and respected by everyone around him. F．We can make more friends online by chatting with them every day. G．Responsibility is the guarantee of building a good network environment. Passage 3 Learning from Failure No one likes to fail. When you get a bad grade on a test or lose an important game, it feels terrible. 1 You may think you are not smart enough or talented enough. But what if failure is actually a good thing? What if it is a necessary step to success? 2 Thomas Edison failed thousands of times before he invented the light bulb. Vincent van Gogh sold only one painting during his lifetime, yet he never stopped painting. These people did not let failure stop them. Instead, they learned from their mistakes and tried again. In school, you may feel pressured to get perfect scores. 3 When you get a math problem wrong, you find out what you don’t understand. Then you can study that part again. When your composition has many corrections, you learn how to write better next time. Every mistake is a lesson. Without mistakes, you cannot grow. So what should you do when you fail? First, allow yourself to feel sad or disappointed. That is normal. But do not stay in that feeling for too long. Second, be honest with yourself and ask what went wrong. Finally, make a plan. 4 Failure is not the end of the world. It is a teacher. It shows you your weaknesses, so you can turn them into strengths. 5 Look at your mistakes bravely, learn from them, and keep going. Success does not come to those who never fail. It comes to those who never give up. A．You may want to give up. B．Think about some famous people. C．You can turn to your friends for help. D．But making mistakes is how you learn. E．Mistakes help us know ourselves better. F．Then decide what you will do differently. G．The next time you fail, don’t hide your face. Passage 4 1 As the name suggests, the term refers to our growing tendency to outsource decisions to systems designed to predict and control our behavior. Now, there’s nothing fundamentally wrong with accepting algorithmic suggestions. 2 But like water slowly carving stone, repeated reliance on AI recommendations can weaken our capacity for independent judgement and even our sense of self. Over time, such reliance not only affects the quality of our choices but also undermines our ability to trust our own judgements. 3 It is the capacity to make intentional choices and take purposeful action. Exercising it requires that we actively shape ourselves through thoughtful choices, rather than being passively shaped by algorithms, social norms, or external pressures. To achieve this, practicing intentional pauses proves workable. That is, before accepting a recommendation, pause and ask, “Would I have made this choice on my own?” 4 For example, when you’re on YouTube, autoplay goes to another video. Instead of watching mindlessly, you pause and realize you’re not truly interested. You close the app and go for a walk instead, following your inner voice over automation. To be human is to choose. It is to exercise the human capacity for intentional action, the ability we have been given to be the authors of our own lives. As AI becomes more integrated in our lives, we must actively preserve our decision-making capacities. 5 A．That is how we remain human. B．So, it’s time to reclaim human agency. C．In many cases they save us considerable time. D．The aim of this question is to stay open to algorithm. E．This short reflection brings awareness to your decisions. F．Psychologists term this common practice “algorithmic dependence”. G．An algorithm is a set of defined rules you follow to get a specific result. Passage 5 How to Develop a Good Reading Habit Reading is a great way to gain knowledge, broaden your horizons and relax your mind. However, many students find it hard to keep a good reading habit. The following tips will help you develop and stick to a reading habit easily, even if you are busy with your studies. First, choose books that interest you,   1 . If you pick a book that is too boring or too difficult, you will easily give up. You can start with storybooks, comic books or books about your hobbies. As you read more, you can slowly try more challenging books. 2 . It's not necessary to read for a long time every day. Even 15 to 20 minutes a day is enough. You can read before going to bed, during breakfast or after class. Setting a fixed time to read will help you form a habit quickly. Third, keep a reading notebook. 3 . You can write down new words, beautiful sentences or your feelings after reading. This not only helps you remember what you read but also improves your writing skills. You can also draw pictures or stick bookmarks to make your notebook more interesting. Don't be afraid to stop and ask for help. 4 . If you meet new words or don't understand a part of the book, you can ask your teachers, parents or classmates for help. You can also use a dictionary to look up new words. Remember, it's normal to have questions while reading. Finally, make reading a part of your life. 5 . You can join a reading club, share books with your friends or talk about your reading experience with others. When reading becomes a part of your daily life, you will find it enjoyable and meaningful. A．Read for a short time every day. B．Reading is a good way to relax. C．It's important to choose the right books. D．Write down what you get from reading. E．Don't read books that are too easy for you. F．Asking for help is not a sign of weakness. G．Try to make reading a fun activity. 人与社会 Passage 1 Nowadays, more and more families choose road trips for their vacation. For one thing, a road trip allows you to see many places in one trip. For another, you can design your own trip according to what your family want to do and see. A great road trip can bring great joy. 1 First, you and your family have to work out the time. 2 A shared free time will help you make sure everyone enjoys the trip. Once you’ve made sure, add the trip date to your calendars. 3 You can choose a place where your family members have always wanted to visit. Just be sure to choose a location (地点) that gives you time to get there and back, and enjoy your visit. You should also leave enough time to make stops, enjoy meals and explore the places. Then, you can map out your trip. You can use online maps. 4 They can also offer you some advice on nearby sights, popular local restaurants as well as shopping malls. Make sure there’s extra time to stop at places you see from the car. Last, have your car filled with water, snacks and first aid things. 5 For example, you can take some activity books or board games. With an iPad, you can enjoy a good movie with your family during the trip. With all the things above done, now you can hit the road and enjoy your wonderful journey! A．You can follow the maps without thinking. B．Next, you need to decide where to go. C．However, a successful one takes some careful planning. D．Discuss when you can take a trip and for how long. E．Besides, the more places you choose, the better your road trip can be. F．Also think about what to have with you to kill time and have fun on the way. G．Let them know the places you want to visit and they’ll plan lines for your trip. Passage 2 The Value of Traditions In a rapidly changing world where technology and globalization are shaping our societies, some people may think traditions are old-fashioned or not important. 1 They provide us with a connection to our past, and help us to better understand our place in the world. In this article, we’ll explore why traditions remain important today. One of the main benefits of traditions is that they can bring people together. Traditions often require people to take part as a group. This can take many forms. For example, they might be a holiday celebration, a wedding ritual (仪式), or a family feast. Such activities also help family members, friends, and neighbors build stronger relationships. 2 On the other hand, for individuals, traditions help us connect with our roots (根). 3 People naturally want to know who they are and where they come from. Traditions help by connecting them to their cultural background and family history. From birthday parties to cultural festivals, individuals learn about their heritage and values by taking part in traditions. 4 From traditional farming practices to ancient healing techniques (疗法), these practices often hold the wisdom of our ancestors. By preserving them, we can ensure that such traditions are not lost but continue to benefit our descendants. Finally, keeping traditions alive can help in promoting economic development in local communities. Traditional customs, arts, or food can attract tourists who want to experience real culture. 5 As a result, jobs are created and people’ s living conditions will be improved. A．This drives the growth of local businesses. B．They provide us with a sense of belonging. C．Keeping traditions alive has many benefits. D．However, traditions still matter to our society. E．Traditions are only important for big festivals. F．Traditions also pass on valuable knowledge and skills. G．Even strangers can feel connected through shared traditions. Passage 3 Alice Tolbert, a crossing guard who helped generations of students safely cross the street at Ruth Acty Elementary for nearly two decades, retired last month. Alice Tolbert moved to Berkeley as a senior in high school from Alabama. She credited a dream for landing her the crossing guard position. 1 To her surprise, a job opening was posted at the city hall, and she was hired. Miss Alice guarded the crossroads, five days a week, rain or shine. 2 On a typical morning, Miss Alice would arrive at Ruth Acty. “How you doing, baby?” was her most common question for kids crossing the street. If they asked her the same in return, she’d reply, “I’m good!” 3 She was on a mission to teach children the importance of being present in life. “Life is to be lived, and if you learn to listen and watch, you get better, you do well in life, but you gotta learn from somebody who’s got the experience,” she told the kids. 4 “She’ll always high-five me in the morning when I walk to school, and always say hello, and she always has a smile on her face,” said third grader Penelope. “She is a great favorite of the school’s students,” said a teacher from Ruth Acty. On her last day on duty, more than four dozen parents and kids, including middle and high schoolers she hadn’t helped cross for years, brought balloons and hand-printed signs to cheer her on. “ 5 ” read one sign. “Honk (鸣笛) if you love Miss Alice,” read another, and many drivers did. A．Safety comes first! B．Best crossing guard ever! C．She dreamed of her old neighborhood in Alabama. D．Her brief exchanges with students were meaningful. E．She started everybody’s day in the most glorious way. F．The Ruth Acty community valued her for her warmth. G．She listened to the voice to ask for a crossing guard job. Passage 4 In today’s digital age, many students find themselves spending hours on social media every day. While these platforms can help us stay connected with friends, they can also become a major source of distraction and anxiety. 1 Here are some practical tips to help you build a healthier relationship with social media. Set time limits for daily use. It’s easy to lose track of time when scrolling through endless posts. Use the timer on your phone or a specialized app to cap your social media usage at, say, one hour per day. 2 Turn off non-essential notifications. Every buzz or ping pulls your attention away from whatever you’re doing. By disabling notifications for likes, comments, or new followers, you reduce the urge to check your phone constantly. 3 Curate your feed actively. Unfollow accounts that make you feel inadequate, jealous, or stressed. Instead, follow pages that inspire you, teach you something new, or simply make you laugh. 4 Schedule phone-free periods. Designate certain times of the day — such as during meals, homework time, or the first hour after waking up — as “no-screen” zones. 5 You might be surprised at how much more focused and calm you feel. A．This helps you regain control over your attention. B．Start with one small change and build from there. C．But breaking free from social media overuse is easier said than done. D．Once the time is up, the app will lock itself or remind you to stop. E．These breaks allow your brain to rest and reset. F．Remember: you are the one who decides what appears on your screen. G．Posting too often can also cause unnecessary pressure. Passage 5 How does the funny bone work? If you hit your elbow (肘部) against a hard surface, you’ll feel a strange, and often uncomfortable feeling. We call the part of the body that experiences this feeling the “funny bone”. 1 It is actually a nerve (神经). To understand why this happens, we must first look at how nerves work. Think of nerves as biological wires that carry signals between your body and your brain. For example, if you touch something sticky, your nerves send a message to the brain to tell it about the feeling. 2 Then, it sends a signal back to your fingers, telling them to wipe the stuff off. The “funny bone” is specifically the ulnar nerve. It runs from your shoulder down to your hand. At the elbow, this nerve passes through a narrow space against the bottom of your upper arm bone. 3 So, when you hit your elbow, you are momentarily pressing this nerve against the bone. This impact sends a painful feeling from your elbow all the way to your little finger. 4 Some people believe it is named for the “funny” or strange feeling you experience after the impact. Others think the name comes from a word game — the upper arm bone is called the humerus, which sounds exactly like the word “humorous”. Despite its funny name, hitting your funny bone is actually very painful. It is certainly not something you would want to do on purpose. 5 Take a deep breath or lose yourself in a quick joke, and the discomfort will soon pass. A．However, this part is not a bone at all. B．It is not protected by much muscle or fat. C．Most people find the name quite enjoyable. D．The brain processes this information at once. E．The nerve is responsible for controlling your heart rate. F．You might wonder why this part has such an unusual name. G．Luckily, the uncomfortable feeling usually disappears very quickly. 人与自然 Passage 1 End is Close to mouse in New Zealand You might have heard that we are only at a distance of a few meters away from a mouse. Maybe that’s true. It’s estimated (估计) that there are as many rats as there are people on the planet. 1 Recently, the New Zealand government has announced that it would try to get rid of every single rat, opossum (负鼠) and stoat (白鼬) in the country by 2050. 2 Also, native species (物种) will be better protected, because these animals are destroying the country’s natural habitats (栖息地). New Zealand is an ancient island which was home to many different wildlife species long before humans arrived. It’s thought that when people first traveled to the island on ships hundreds of years ago, they brought rats along with them by mistake. 3 Soon, stoats were brought in to control the spread of rabbits as well. 4 Over 40 types of flightless birds ended up dying out after these introduced species ate their eggs and disturbed their habitats, as the birds were unable to protect themselves. To carry out the plan, the government will set thousands of traps and even spread poison across some areas. Scientists are also working on using the CRISPR gene-editing tool to find a way to stop the mice from increasing. 5 As science journal Nature wrote, “Once you start getting rid of all the harmful species, you’re fighting against the law of nature to some degree.” A．This is not just to make the streets a cleaner place. B．Some think more effective actions should be taken. C．Later, opossums were introduced to the country for their fur. D．However, some worry that the actions may have unwanted effects. E．But for people in New Zealand, the distance may soon be a lot bigger. F．And then, some other foreign species were also introduced to New Zealand. G．In a country with few natural enemies, introducing these species was a disaster. Passage 2 For a long time, I didn’t really think about waste. I would throw things away without asking where to put them. 1 Not just about throwing things away, but about what happens after that. That’s when I realised something surprising — there is no “away”. Everything we throw still exists somewhere. At school, we began exploring this idea through our unit of inquiry (探究). We looked at how waste affects the environment, animals, and even people. I learned that plastic can take hundreds of years to break down. 2 That made me think about my own habits. I started noticing how often I used things just once and threw them away — the plastic spoons and extra paper I didn’t really need. Before, I felt it’s normal. 3 So I decided to try. I began with small things. For example, I tried to finish what’s on my plate so there would be less waste. 4 Sometimes I forget. Sometimes it’s more convenient just to throw something away. But now, at least, I think about it. And that makes a difference. One of the most interesting things I learned is that being “zero waste” doesn’t mean creating absolutely no waste at all. It means trying to reduce it as much as possible and making better choices every day. It also made me realise that even small actions matter. If one person reduces a little waste, it may not seem like much. 5 I also spoke to my family about it. Now at home, we try to separate our waste and reuse things when we can. It feels good to know that what I learned in school is not just for school — it can change what we do every day. A．However, it’s not always easy. B．Do I really need to waste this? C．Now, it feels like something I can change. D．Sometimes it doesn’t fully disappear at all. E．But if many people do the same thing, it adds up. F．But recently, we started talking about waste in a different way in school. G．We could track the food waste for one week and brainstorm ways to reduce it. Passage 3 The belief in talking to plants has existed for centuries. Ancient civilizations, such as the Greeks and local cultures, believed plants responded to energy, emotion, and sound. In the 1840s, German professor Gustav Fechner suggested plants might have feelings. 1 Technically, plants don’t have ears or a nervous system, so they don’t “hear” in the traditional sense. However, studies have shown plants can detect vibrations (振动) in their environment — including sound waves produced by human speech or music. 2 For instance, South Korean researchers found certain plant genes (基因) responded positively to classical music and human voice frequencies. Some studies suggest that plants respond more favorably to female voices than male voices due to differences in pitch (音高) and frequency. Music types like classical or jazz have shown positive results, while loud rock music may stress plants. Ultimately, regularity and loudness may influence the result. 3 4 However, there are enough facts to suggest that plants are sensitive to their environments — including sound. Whether it’s the vibration from your voice or the regular care that comes from daily contact, your plants just might benefit. Talking to plants may not be magic, but it does encourage a deeper connection with nature, mindful gardening, and perhaps even a little extra vibrational help. 5 Either way, your plant may thank you in its own green way. So go ahead — speak softly some words of encouragement to your favorite leafy green plant. A．Genes play an important role in plants’ growth. B．Nobody has observed plants react to external factors. C．You might rely on science or just care for plants well. D．We haven’t proven talking to plants directly speeds growth. E．They can detect and respond to sounds like speech or music. F．Gentle and calm sounds seem to create vibrations that are more beneficial for plants. G．That laid the basis for the idea of a psychological connection between humans and nature. Passage 4 If people prefer warm or cold weather all year long, where should they go? Or if they liked cold weather, where would they go? The answer to this question depends upon the angle at which sunlight hits the Earth. 1 The angle at which sunlight strikes the earth’s surface is called the angle of insolation (日射). It means the amount of the sun’s energy that reaches the earth at a given place and time. The angle of insolation is always smaller near the North and South Poles, which results in colder temperatures there. 2 What affects insolation? In the morning the sun is close to the horizon and at midday it is at its highest in the sky. 3 Measuring the angle of insolation is difficult because light rays are not easy to see. Therefore, the way to measure the angle is by measuring the shadows created by light rays. The shorter the shadow is, the more direct the angle of the light ray. As a result, the hotter the temperature is. 4 That is why asphalt (沥青) roads get so hot in direct sunlight. Dark soil and rocks also get very hot. Light colored sand and rocks do not get as hot because they reflect light, while dark colored things absorb light. Texture also helps determine temperature. 5 Rough textures cause light to bounce around at many angles, and each time a little more energy is absorbed. Therefore, rough surfaces get hotter than smooth surface. A．Why do some things get hotter than others? B．It refers to how smooth or rough a surface is. C．The angle determines the amount of heat the sun produces. D．After midday the sun lowers and the angle creates less heat. E．The sun’s path is high overhead and at its hottest at midday. F．Dark colors get hotter than light colors in the same temperature. G．On the other hand, the angle of insolation near the equator (赤道) creates warmer temperatures. Passage 5 Recently, I came across an image on the Internet: a crying Earth surrounded by fallen trees, declaring, “No intelligent species would destroy their own home.” This image troubled me deeply. I refuse to let my eight-year-old son believe humans are stupid or evil — because it’s obviously untrue. 1 . I’m wondering if, perhaps, there are other folks out there who feel the same as I do. 2 . Our ancestors burned coal to solve urgent problems: growing more food, heating and lighting homes. We want to provide a good life for ourselves and our children. The results have been astonishing. In the U.S. in 1895 one quarter of people died before age five. Today it’s under 1%, and we will keep pushing until it hits zero. Imagine the essays Ben Franklin or Mark Twain would write about this level of advancement. 3 . So much of that achievement has been based on the fossil fuels we’ve burned, whether coal, natural gas or oil. We’ve learned that this harms both the environment and people. 4 . It was not long ago that London cleaned its smoke-blackened air. When rain becomes acidic, the world changes its policies. When harms are done locally, we tend to be pretty good at cleaning things up. Here’s where I feel hope: we have already done this, and we know it is possible. I don’t want my son growing up thinking that his species is in some way evil. 5 . Whatever strategies we take to fix global warming will create more new problems, too. This is a pretty normal story for intelligent species. A．But I often find myself quite lonely. B．Yet our past mistakes are still haunted us today. C．I want him thinking humans are problem solvers. D．To our credit we aren’t always bad at addressing this. E．Therefore, it is essential to abandon fossil fuels immediately. F．How would they keep tears from their eyes if they saw what we’ve achieved? G．We didn’t cause climate change through being stupid, but through being extremely smart. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $