暑假作业04 反身代词（巩固培优）八年级英语新教材译林版

**基本信息** 以“概念-用法-易错点”为逻辑主线，通过规则提炼与语境应用结合，系统构建反身代词专项训练体系，提升语言应用能力与语法思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |概念方法|核心用法4类、固定搭配8个、易错点4类|主语宾语一致规则、固定搭配记忆法、易错点对比纠正|从定义到单复数形式，再到用法分类及固定搭配，通过易错点强化应用规则| |基础应用|单项选择10题、完成句子10题|语境匹配法、固定搭配还原法|聚焦基础用法与固定搭配，巩固语法规则的直接应用| |综合语境|完形填空1篇、阅读理解3篇、任务型阅读1篇|语篇逻辑分析法、上下文提示定位法|在语篇中综合考查反身代词的灵活运用，培养语境理解与思维能力|

完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业04 反身代词 一、基本概念 反身代词表示 “某人自己”，当句子的主语和宾语是同一个人或事物时必须使用。 二、完整单复数形式 人称 单数 复数 第一人称 myself ourselves 第二人称 yourself yourselves 第三人称 himself/herself/itself themselves 三、核心用法 1. 作动词宾语：动词 + 反身代词 教材原句：He taught himself by reading a lot. 2. 作介词宾语：介词 + 反身代词 教材原句：You can learn an interesting skill by yourself. 3. 作同位语：放在名词或代词后，强调 “亲自、本人” 例：The teacher himself came to visit the sick student. 4. 作表语：放在系动词后，表示身体或精神状态 例：She is not herself today.（她今天状态不好） 四、必考固定搭配 1. teach oneself sth. = learn sth. by oneself 自学 2. enjoy oneself = have a good time 玩得开心 3. help oneself to sth. 随便吃 / 用某物 4. by oneself 独自、单独 5. say to oneself 自言自语 6. dress oneself 自己穿衣服 7. hurt oneself 伤到自己 8. lose oneself in 沉浸于 五、运用方法 1. 当主语和宾语指同一个人时，必须用反身代词，不能用宾格 2. 强调 “亲自做某事” 时，用反身代词作同位语 六、易错易混概念 1. 拼写错误： 错误 youself → 正确 yourself; 错误 themself → 正确 themselves; 错误 ourself → 正确 ourselves 2. 误用宾格： 错误 I enjoyed me at the party. → 正确 I enjoyed myself at the party. 3. by oneself/on one's own 混淆： 错误 by my own → 正确 by myself /on my own 4. 反身代词不能作主语： 错误 Myself did the homework. → 正确 I did the homework myself. 一、单项选择： 从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. My little sister is old enough to dress ______ now. A. she B. her C. herself D. hers 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我的小妹妹现在足够大了，可以自己穿衣服了。考查固定搭配dress oneself（自己穿衣服）。主语是 my little sister（第三人称单数女性），对应的反身代词是 herself，故选 C。 2. —Did you enjoy ______ at the birthday party, boys and girls?—Yes, we had a wonderful time. A. you B. yourself C. yourselves D. your 【答案】C 【解析】句意：— 孩子们，你们在生日派对上玩得开心吗？— 是的，我们玩得很愉快。考查固定搭配enjoy oneself（玩得开心）。称呼是 boys and girls（复数），对应的反身代词是 yourselves，故选 C。 3. He taught ______ English when he was in primary school. A. he B. him C. his D. himself 【答案】D 【解析】句意：他小学时自学了英语。考查固定搭配teach oneself（自学）。主语是 he，对应的反身代词是 himself，故选 D。 4. The cat hurt ______ when it jumped off the wall. A. it B. itself C. its D. it's 【答案】B 【解析】句意：那只猫从墙上跳下来时伤到了自己。考查固定搭配hurt oneself（伤到自己）。主语是 the cat（用 it 指代），对应的反身代词是 itself，故选 B。 5. You should finish your homework ______. Don't always ask your parents for help. A. by you B. by yourself C. for you D. for yourself 【答案】B 【解析】句意：你应该自己完成作业。不要总是向父母求助。考查固定搭配by oneself（独自地）。主语是 you（单数），对应的表达是 by yourself，故选 B。 6. The doctor ______ came to see the patient in the hospital. A. him B. his C. himself D. he 【答案】C 【解析】句意：医生亲自来医院看望了病人。考查反身代词作同位语，加强语气，表示 "亲自"。主语是 the doctor（第三人称单数），对应的反身代词是 himself，故选 C。 7. —Is Millie feeling better today?—No, she is still not ______. A. her B. herself C. she D. hers 【答案】B 【解析】句意：— 米莉今天感觉好些了吗？— 没有，她还是身体不舒服。考查固定搭配be not oneself（身体不舒服，状态不佳）。主语是 she，对应的反身代词是 herself，故选 B。 8. Don't always say to ______ that you are not good at English. Believe in yourself. A. you B. your C. yourself D. yours 【答案】C 【解析】句意：不要总是对自己说你不擅长英语。相信自己。考查固定搭配say to oneself（自言自语）。主语是 you，对应的反身代词是 yourself，故选 C。 9. We all lost ______ in the beautiful music at the concert last night. A. us B. our C. ours D. ourselves 【答案】D 【解析】句意：昨晚的音乐会上，我们都沉浸在美妙的音乐中。考查固定搭配lose oneself in（沉浸于，陶醉于）。主语是 we，对应的反身代词是 ourselves，故选 D。 10. —Help ______ to some cakes, children.—Thank you, Mrs. Green. A. you B. yourself C. yourselves D. your 【答案】C 【解析】句意：— 孩子们，随便吃些蛋糕吧。— 谢谢你，格林夫人。考查固定搭配help oneself to（随便吃 / 用）。称呼是 children（复数），对应的反身代词是 yourselves，故选 C。 二、完成句子： 根据所给汉语提示，完成下列句子，每空一词。 1. 昨天我在公园里玩得很开心。 I ______ ______ in the park yesterday. 【答案】had fun/enjoyed myself 【解析】句意：昨天我在公园里玩得很开心。"玩得开心" 固定表达为 have fun 或 enjoy oneself；yesterday 表明用一般过去时，have 变 had，enjoy 变 enjoyed，主语 I 对应反身代词 myself。 2. 这个男孩太小了，不能自己穿衣服。 The boy is too young to ______ ______. 【答案】dress himself 【解析】句意：这个男孩太小了，不能自己穿衣服。"自己穿衣服" 是 dress oneself；too...to... 结构中 to 后接动词原形，主语 the boy 对应反身代词 himself。 3. 她自学了如何制作机器人模型。 She ______ ______ how to make a model robot. 【答案】taught herself 【解析】句意：她自学了如何制作机器人模型。"自学" 固定短语 teach oneself；动作发生在过去用一般过去时，teach 变 taught，主语 she 对应反身代词 herself。 4. 不要独自在河里游泳，很危险。 Don't swim in the river ______ ______. It's very dangerous. 【答案】by yourself 【解析】句意：不要独自在河里游泳，很危险。"独自" 常用表达 by oneself；祈使句隐含主语 you，对应反身代词 yourself。 5. 老师亲自给我们展示了这个实验。 The teacher ______ showed us the experiment. 【答案】himself/herself 【解析】句意：老师亲自给我们展示了这个实验。反身代词作同位语可强调 "亲自"；teacher 性别未知，可用 himself（男）或 herself（女）。 6. 他在爬山时伤到了自己。 He ______ ______ when he climbed the mountain. 【答案】hurt himself 【解析】句意：他在爬山时伤到了自己。"伤到自己" 是 hurt oneself；climbed 表明用一般过去时，hurt 的过去式仍为 hurt，主语 he 对应反身代词 himself。 7. 孩子们，请随便吃些水果。 ______ ______ to some fruit, children. 【答案】Help yourselves 【解析】句意：孩子们，请随便吃些水果。"随便吃 / 用某物" 固定句型 Help oneself to sth.；children 是复数，对应反身代词 yourselves。 8. 她今天看起来不太对劲。 She doesn't look like ______ today. 【答案】herself 【解析】句意：她今天看起来不太对劲。"看起来状态正常 / 像平时的自己" 是 look like oneself；否定形式表示 "状态不佳、不对劲"，主语 she 对应反身代词 herself。 9. 我们沉浸在这本有趣的书中。 We ______ ______ in this interesting book. 【答案】lost ourselves 【解析】句意：我们沉浸在这本有趣的书中。"沉浸于……" 固定短语 lose oneself in...；动作发生在过去用一般过去时，lose 变 lost，主语 we 对应反身代词 ourselves。 10. 他经常自言自语，这让他的同学感到很奇怪。 He often ______ to ______, which makes his classmates feel strange. 【答案】talks; himself 【解析】句意：他经常自言自语，这让他的同学感到很奇怪。"自言自语" 固定表达 talk to oneself；often 表明用一般现在时，主语 he 是第三人称单数，talk 变 talks，对应反身代词 himself。 一、完形填空： 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Our DIY Club Day Last Saturday, our school DIY Club had a great activity. All the members got together to make model planes by 1 . Our teacher, Mr. Wang, was there to give us some advice, but he didn't do anything for us. He said we should try to do everything 2 . At first, I was a little nervous. I thought I might hurt 3 with the scissors. But when I saw my classmates working hard, I told 4 to be brave. I followed the instructions step by step. Slowly, I found 5 enjoying the process. It was really interesting to put the small pieces together. My deskmate, Tom, had some problems. He couldn't fix the wings well. He almost gave up, but he encouraged 6 to keep trying. Finally, he made it. We all cheered for 7 . When all the model planes were finished, we flew 8 in the playground. How happy we were! We really enjoyed 9 that day. We learned that when we believe in 10 , we can do anything well. 1. A. us B. ourselves C. our D. ours 2. A. by ourselves B. by us C. for ourselves D. for us 3. A. me B. my C. myself D. mine 4. A. me B. myself C. I D. mine 5. A. me B. my C. myself D. mine 6. A. him B. his C. himself D. he 7. A. him B. his C. himself D. he 8. A. they B. them C. themselves D. theirs 9. A. us B. our C. ourselves D. ours 10. A. us B. our C. ourselves D. ours 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. C 6. C 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. C 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者上周六参加学校 DIY 俱乐部活动，和同学们独立制作并放飞模型飞机的经历，传达了 “相信自己就能做好任何事” 的主旨。 1. 句意：所有成员聚在一起自己制作模型飞机。 解析：固定搭配 by oneself（独自），主语是 all the members，反身代词用 ourselves。 2. 句意：他说我们应该尽力靠自己做所有事。 解析：by ourselves（靠我们自己），符合上文 “老师不帮忙，让我们自己做” 的语境。 3. 句意：我以为我可能会用剪刀伤到自己。 解析：固定搭配 hurt oneself（伤到自己），主语是 I，反身代词用 myself。 4. 句意：但当我看到同学们努力工作时，我告诉自己要勇敢。 解析：固定搭配 tell oneself（告诉自己），主语是 I，反身代词用 myself。 5. 句意：慢慢地，我发现自己享受这个过程。 解析：固定搭配 find oneself doing sth.（发现自己在做某事），主语是 I，反身代词用 myself。 6. 句意：他几乎放弃了，但他鼓励自己继续尝试。 解析：固定搭配 encourage oneself（鼓励自己），主语是 he，反身代词用 himself。 7. 句意：我们都为他欢呼。 解析：介词 for 后接宾格，指代 Tom，用 him。 8. 句意：当所有模型飞机都完成后，我们在操场上放飞它们。 解析：动词 flew 后接宾格，指代 model planes，用 them。 9. 句意：那天我们真的玩得很开心。 解析：固定搭配 enjoy oneself（玩得开心），主语是 we，反身代词用 ourselves。 10. 句意：我们学到了当我们相信自己时，我们能做好任何事。 解析：固定搭配 believe in oneself（相信自己），主语是 we，反身代词用 ourselves。 二、阅读理解： 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A A Girl Who Taught Herself to Draw Lily is a 14-year-old girl from Nanjing. She loves drawing very much. When she was 10 years old, her parents couldn't afford to send her to drawing classes. So Lily decided to teach herself. She bought some drawing books and watched online videos every day. She practiced for at least two hours every evening. Sometimes she drew so carefully that she lost herself in her pictures and forgot to have dinner. At first, her drawings were not good. But she never gave up. She always said to herself, "I can do it better." Three years later, Lily's drawings became very beautiful. She won first prize in a national drawing competition last month. When reporters asked her how she succeeded, she said, "I just taught myself and kept practicing. If you believe in yourself, nothing is impossible." Now Lily is helping other children who want to learn drawing. She gives them free lessons on weekends. She wants to tell them that everyone can learn to draw well by themselves if they work hard. 1. How old was Lily when she started to teach herself drawing? A. 10 years old. B. 12 years old. C. 13 years old. D. 14 years old. 2. What does the underlined phrase "lost herself in" mean in Chinese? A. 迷路 B. 沉浸于 C. 丢失 D. 忘记 3. How long did Lily practice drawing every day? A. Less than one hour. B. About one hour. C. At least two hours. D. More than three hours. 4. What can we learn from Lily's story? A. Drawing is very easy. B. We should never give up. C. Parents should send children to drawing classes. D. Online videos are the best way to learn drawing. 5. What is the main idea of the passage? A. A girl who won a drawing competition. B. How to teach yourself to draw. C. A girl who taught herself to draw and succeeded. D. The importance of believing in yourself. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. C 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了来自南京的 14 岁女孩莉莉，因家境贫寒无法参加绘画培训班，通过自学和坚持不懈的练习，最终在全国绘画比赛中获得一等奖，并免费帮助其他想学绘画的孩子的励志故事。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段 “When she was 10 years old, her parents couldn't afford to send her to drawing classes. So Lily decided to teach herself.” 可知，莉莉 10 岁时开始自学绘画，故选 A。 2. 词义猜测题。根据画线短语所在句 “Sometimes she drew so carefully that she lost herself in her pictures and forgot to have dinner.” 可知，她画画过于专注以至于忘记吃饭，由此可推断 “lost herself in” 意为 “沉浸于”，故选 B。 3. 细节理解题。根据第二段 “She practiced for at least two hours every evening.” 可知，莉莉每天至少练习两小时绘画，故选 C。 4. 推理判断题。全文核心是莉莉自学绘画初期水平不佳，但从未放弃，最终成功。因此我们能学到永不放弃的精神，故选 B。A 与原文不符；C 不是文章主旨；D “最佳方式” 表述绝对，文中未提及。 5. 主旨大意题。文章围绕 “自学绘画并取得成功的女孩莉莉” 展开，涵盖其自学经历、获奖成就和助人善举，C 选项最能概括全文。A 仅提及获奖，过于片面；B 不是文章重点；D 是文章传达的道理之一，不能概括全文内容。 B A Special Birthday Party Last Sunday was my 13th birthday. I didn't have a big party at home. Instead, I decided to have a special party in the old people's home with my friends. We prepared many things for the old people. My friend Lucy made a big birthday cake by herself. Tom and Jack bought some fruits and snacks. I prepared some interesting games. When we arrived, the old people were very happy. We sang songs and danced for them. Then we played games together. The old people told us many interesting stories about their childhood. We all enjoyed ourselves very much. After that, we helped the old people clean their rooms. Lucy cut the cake and we shared it with everyone. An old grandma said to me, "Thank you for giving us such a wonderful day. This is the best birthday party I have ever had." I felt very happy that day. I learned that helping others can make ourselves happy too. 1. Where did the writer have her birthday party? A. At home. B. In the park. C. In the old people's home. D. In a restaurant. 2. Who made the birthday cake? A. The writer. B. Lucy. C. Tom. D. Jack. 3. What did the old people do? A. They sang songs. B. They danced. C. They told stories. D. They cleaned the rooms. 4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. The writer is 14 years old now. B. The writer bought a big cake. C. The old people didn't like the party. D. The writer learned that helping others makes people happy. 5. What can we infer from the passage? A. The writer will have more parties in the old people's home. B. The old people don't have any children. C. The writer's friends didn't enjoy the party. D. The old people often have parties. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. A 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者 13 岁生日时没有在家举办常规派对，而是和朋友们一起去养老院，为老人们举办了一场特别的生日派对，在陪伴和帮助老人的过程中收获了双倍快乐，并领悟到帮助他人也能让自己幸福的道理。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段 “Instead, I decided to have a special party in the old people's home with my friends.” 可知，作者在养老院举办了生日派对，故选 C。 2. 细节理解题。根据第二段 “My friend Lucy made a big birthday cake by herself.” 可知，生日蛋糕是 Lucy 亲手制作的，故选 B。 3. 细节理解题。根据第三段 “The old people told us many interesting stories about their childhood.” 可知，老人们给大家讲述了童年趣事，故选 C。A、B 是作者和朋友们为老人表演的节目，D 是作者和朋友们帮忙做的事。 4. 细节判断题。根据最后一段 “I learned that helping others can make ourselves happy too.” 可知，作者领悟到帮助他人能让人快乐，D 正确。A 错误，作者上周日刚过 13 岁生日；B 错误，蛋糕由 Lucy 制作；C 错误，老人们非常喜欢这场派对。 5. 推理判断题。作者在养老院度过了一个意义非凡且无比快乐的生日，由此可合理推断她未来可能会在养老院举办更多这样有意义的活动，故选 A。B、D 文中未提及；C 与原文 “We all enjoyed ourselves very much.” 相悖。 C The Amazing Ants Ants are very small insects, but they are amazing. They can carry things that are much heavier than themselves. An ant can carry up to 50 times its own weight. That's like a person carrying a car! Ants live in groups called colonies. Each colony has a queen ant, male ants and worker ants. The worker ants do all the work. They look for food, build the nest and take care of the baby ants. They never stop working. Ants communicate with each other by using chemicals. When an ant finds food, it leaves a chemical trail on the way back to the nest. Other ants can follow this trail to find the food. Ants are very smart. They can solve many problems by themselves. For example, if there is a gap between two leaves, ants will form a bridge with their bodies so that other ants can cross. Scientists are studying ants to learn more about how they work together. They think that ants can teach us a lot about teamwork and problem-solving. 1. How much weight can an ant carry? A. Up to 10 times its own weight. B. Up to 20 times its own weight. C. Up to 50 times its own weight. D. Up to 100 times its own weight. 2. What do worker ants do? A. They lay eggs. B. They do all the work. C. They only look for food. D. They only build the nest. 3. How do ants communicate with each other? A. By making sounds. B. By using chemicals. C. By dancing. D. By touching each other. 4. What can we infer from the passage? A. Ants are the strongest animals in the world. B. Ants are very lazy. C. Ants are good at teamwork. D. Ants can solve all problems. 5. What is the main idea of the passage? A. How ants find food. B. How ants live in colonies. C. The amazing abilities of ants. D. Scientists' study on ants. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. C 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了体型微小的蚂蚁所拥有的诸多惊人能力，包括超强的负重能力、分工明确的群体生活模式、独特的化学交流方式以及出色的团队协作与问题解决能力，同时提及科学家对蚂蚁相关特性的研究与借鉴价值。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段 “An ant can carry up to 50 times its own weight.” 可知，一只蚂蚁能举起自身 50 倍重的物体，故选 C。 2. 细节理解题。根据第二段 “The worker ants do all the work.” 可知，工蚁承担蚁群所有的工作，故选 B。C、D 仅提及工蚁的部分工作，表述片面；A 是蚁后的职责。 3. 细节理解题。根据第三段 “Ants communicate with each other by using chemicals.” 可知，蚂蚁通过化学物质进行交流，故选 B。 4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段 “Scientists are studying ants to learn more about how they work together. They think that ants can teach us a lot about teamwork and problem-solving.” 可推断，蚂蚁擅长团队合作，故选 C。A “最强壮” 表述绝对；B 与原文 “never stop working” 相悖；D “所有问题” 表述绝对。 5. 主旨大意题。全文围绕 “蚂蚁的神奇能力” 展开，依次介绍了其负重、群居、交流、协作等特点，C 选项最能概括全文。A、B、D 均为文章的部分内容，不能涵盖主旨。 三、回答问题： 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。字数不超过10词。 My First Cooking Experience Last weekend, my parents went out for a trip. They left me alone at home. I was very excited because I could do whatever I wanted. But when lunch time came, I realized I had to cook for myself. I had never cooked before. I looked in the fridge and found some eggs and tomatoes. I decided to make tomato and egg noodles. I watched a short video on my phone to learn how to make it. First, I washed the tomatoes and cut them into pieces. Then I broke the eggs into a bowl and stirred them. I put some oil in the pan and cooked the eggs first. Then I added the tomatoes and some water. When the water boiled, I put the noodles in. At last, I added some salt and soy sauce. The noodles looked and smelled good. I tasted them and they were delicious! I was so proud of myself. I enjoyed my lunch very much. When my parents came back, they were surprised to see the noodles I made. They said I was a good cook. I told them I could take care of myself now. 1. Why was the writer excited at first? 2. What did the writer decide to cook for lunch? 3. How did the writer learn to cook? 4. Did the writer enjoy his/her lunch? 5. What can you learn from the writer's experience? 【答案】 1. Because he/she could do whatever he/she wanted. 2. Tomato and egg noodles. 3. By watching a short video on his/her phone. 4. Yes, he/she did. 5. We can learn to take care of ourselves. 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者周末独自在家，第一次尝试做番茄鸡蛋面并获得成功的经历，展现了作者学会独立后的自豪与成长。 1. 题目意思：作者一开始为什么感到兴奋？ 解析：根据原文第一段第三句，作者兴奋是因为可以做任何自己想做的事。 2. 题目意思：作者决定午餐做什么？ 解析：根据原文第二段第三句，作者决定做番茄鸡蛋面。 3. 题目意思：作者是如何学会做饭的？ 解析：根据原文第二段第四句，作者通过手机看短视频学习做饭。 4. 题目意思：作者喜欢他 / 她做的午餐吗？ 解析：根据原文第四段第四句，作者非常享受自己做的午餐，故用肯定回答。 5. 题目意思：你能从作者的经历中学到什么？ 解析：根据原文最后一段最后一句，我们可以学会自己照顾自己（或独立完成事情）。 一、任务型阅读： 阅读下面短文，根据所读内容完成表格和回答问题。 Teenagers' Self-reliance Project Nowadays, many teenagers depend too much on their parents. They can't look after themselves well. To solve this problem, our school started a "Self-reliance Project" last term. The project encourages students to do things by themselves and develop their independence. The project has three main parts. First, students are required to learn basic life skills. They need to learn to cook simple meals, wash their own clothes and clean their bedrooms. Second, students should try to solve their own problems. When they have difficulties with their studies or relationships, they should first try to work them out by themselves instead of asking parents for help immediately. Third, students are encouraged to take part in volunteer activities. By helping others, they can learn to be more responsible and understand the importance of teamwork. The project has achieved great success. Many students have changed a lot. Li Ming, a Grade 8 student, used to ask his mother to do everything for him. Now he can cook three dishes by himself and even helps his mother with housework on weekends. Zhang Hua used to give up easily when she met problems. Now she always tells herself, "I can do it." She has become much more confident. However, the project also faces some challenges. Some parents are worried that their children will hurt themselves or waste too much time on housework. They still want to do everything for their children. Also, some students think the project is too difficult and they don't have enough time to take part in all the activities. The teacher in charge of the project says, "Self-reliance is one of the most important skills for teenagers. It helps them grow into independent and responsible adults. We will continue to improve the project and help more students develop this important ability." Purpose To encourage students to do things by 1. ______ and develop their independence. Three main parts Learn basic 2. ______ skills Try to solve their 3. ______ problems Take part in 4. ______ activities Achievements Li Ming can cook three dishes by himself and helps with 5. ______ Zhang Hua has become much more 6. ______ Challenges Parents worry children will hurt 7. ______ or waste time Some students think it's too 8. ______ and have no time Do you think it's necessary for teenagers to develop self-reliance? Why or why not? (No more than 20 words) 9 【答案】 1. themselves 2. life 3. own 4. volunteer 5. housework 6. confident 7. themselves 8. difficult 9. Yes. It helps them grow into independent adults.（合理即可） 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了学校为解决青少年过度依赖父母的问题而开展的 "自立项目"，包括其目的、三大核心内容、取得的成果以及面临的挑战，强调了自立对青少年成长的重要意义。 1. 题目意思：项目的目的是鼓励学生靠谁做事并培养独立性？ 解析：根据原文第一段最后一句，填 themselves。 2. 题目意思：项目第一部分是学习基本的什么技能？ 解析：根据原文第二段第二句，填 life。 3. 题目意思：项目第二部分是尝试解决谁的问题？ 解析：根据原文第二段第四句，填 their own。 4. 题目意思：项目第三部分是参加什么活动？ 解析：根据原文第二段第六句，填 volunteer。 5. 题目意思：李明会自己做三道菜还帮忙做什么？ 解析：根据原文第三段第四句，填 housework。 6. 题目意思：张华变得更加怎么样了？ 解析：根据原文第三段最后一句，填 confident。 7. 题目意思：家长担心孩子会伤到谁或浪费时间？ 解析：根据原文第四段第二句，填 themselves。 8. 题目意思：一些学生认为项目太怎么样且没时间？ 解析：根据原文第四段最后一句，填 difficult。 9. 题目意思：你认为青少年有必要培养自立能力吗？为什么？ 解析：开放性问题，可根据原文最后一段老师的话作答。 3 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业04 反身代词 一、基本概念 反身代词表示 “某人自己”，当句子的主语和宾语是同一个人或事物时必须使用。 二、完整单复数形式 人称 单数 复数 第一人称 myself ourselves 第二人称 yourself yourselves 第三人称 himself/herself/itself themselves 三、核心用法 1. 作动词宾语：动词 + 反身代词 教材原句：He taught himself by reading a lot. 2. 作介词宾语：介词 + 反身代词 教材原句：You can learn an interesting skill by yourself. 3. 作同位语：放在名词或代词后，强调 “亲自、本人” 例：The teacher himself came to visit the sick student. 4. 作表语：放在系动词后，表示身体或精神状态 例：She is not herself today.（她今天状态不好） 四、必考固定搭配 1. teach oneself sth. = learn sth. by oneself 自学 2. enjoy oneself = have a good time 玩得开心 3. help oneself to sth. 随便吃 / 用某物 4. by oneself 独自、单独 5. say to oneself 自言自语 6. dress oneself 自己穿衣服 7. hurt oneself 伤到自己 8. lose oneself in 沉浸于 五、运用方法 1. 当主语和宾语指同一个人时，必须用反身代词，不能用宾格 2. 强调 “亲自做某事” 时，用反身代词作同位语 六、易错易混概念 1. 拼写错误： 错误 youself → 正确 yourself; 错误 themself → 正确 themselves; 错误 ourself → 正确 ourselves 2. 误用宾格： 错误 I enjoyed me at the party. → 正确 I enjoyed myself at the party. 3. by oneself/on one's own 混淆： 错误 by my own → 正确 by myself /on my own 4. 反身代词不能作主语： 错误 Myself did the homework. → 正确 I did the homework myself. 一、单项选择： 从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. My little sister is old enough to dress ______ now. A. she B. her C. herself D. hers 2. —Did you enjoy ______ at the birthday party, boys and girls?—Yes, we had a wonderful time. A. you B. yourself C. yourselves D. your 3. He taught ______ English when he was in primary school. A. he B. him C. his D. himself 4. The cat hurt ______ when it jumped off the wall. A. it B. itself C. its D. it's 5. You should finish your homework ______. Don't always ask your parents for help. A. by you B. by yourself C. for you D. for yourself 6. The doctor ______ came to see the patient in the hospital. A. him B. his C. himself D. he 7. —Is Millie feeling better today?—No, she is still not ______. A. her B. herself C. she D. hers 8. Don't always say to ______ that you are not good at English. Believe in yourself. A. you B. your C. yourself D. yours 9. We all lost ______ in the beautiful music at the concert last night. A. us B. our C. ours D. ourselves 10. —Help ______ to some cakes, children.—Thank you, Mrs. Green. A. you B. yourself C. yourselves D. your 二、完成句子： 根据所给汉语提示，完成下列句子，每空一词。 1. 昨天我在公园里玩得很开心。 I ______ ______ in the park yesterday. 2. 这个男孩太小了，不能自己穿衣服。 The boy is too young to ______ ______. 3. 她自学了如何制作机器人模型。 She ______ ______ how to make a model robot. 4. 不要独自在河里游泳，很危险。 Don't swim in the river ______ ______. It's very dangerous. 5. 老师亲自给我们展示了这个实验。 The teacher ______ showed us the experiment. 6. 他在爬山时伤到了自己。 He ______ ______ when he climbed the mountain. 7. 孩子们，请随便吃些水果。 ______ ______ to some fruit, children. 8. 她今天看起来不太对劲。 She doesn't look like ______ today. 9. 我们沉浸在这本有趣的书中。 We ______ ______ in this interesting book. 10. 他经常自言自语，这让他的同学感到很奇怪。 He often ______ to ______, which makes his classmates feel strange. 一、完形填空： 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Our DIY Club Day Last Saturday, our school DIY Club had a great activity. All the members got together to make model planes by 1 . Our teacher, Mr. Wang, was there to give us some advice, but he didn't do anything for us. He said we should try to do everything 2 . At first, I was a little nervous. I thought I might hurt 3 with the scissors. But when I saw my classmates working hard, I told 4 to be brave. I followed the instructions step by step. Slowly, I found 5 enjoying the process. It was really interesting to put the small pieces together. My deskmate, Tom, had some problems. He couldn't fix the wings well. He almost gave up, but he encouraged 6 to keep trying. Finally, he made it. We all cheered for 7 . When all the model planes were finished, we flew 8 in the playground. How happy we were! We really enjoyed 9 that day. We learned that when we believe in 10 , we can do anything well. 1. A. us B. ourselves C. our D. ours 2. A. by ourselves B. by us C. for ourselves D. for us 3. A. me B. my C. myself D. mine 4. A. me B. myself C. I D. mine 5. A. me B. my C. myself D. mine 6. A. him B. his C. himself D. he 7. A. him B. his C. himself D. he 8. A. they B. them C. themselves D. theirs 9. A. us B. our C. ourselves D. ours 10. A. us B. our C. ourselves D. ours 二、阅读理解： 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A A Girl Who Taught Herself to Draw Lily is a 14-year-old girl from Nanjing. She loves drawing very much. When she was 10 years old, her parents couldn't afford to send her to drawing classes. So Lily decided to teach herself. She bought some drawing books and watched online videos every day. She practiced for at least two hours every evening. Sometimes she drew so carefully that she lost herself in her pictures and forgot to have dinner. At first, her drawings were not good. But she never gave up. She always said to herself, "I can do it better." Three years later, Lily's drawings became very beautiful. She won first prize in a national drawing competition last month. When reporters asked her how she succeeded, she said, "I just taught myself and kept practicing. If you believe in yourself, nothing is impossible." Now Lily is helping other children who want to learn drawing. She gives them free lessons on weekends. She wants to tell them that everyone can learn to draw well by themselves if they work hard. 1. How old was Lily when she started to teach herself drawing? A. 10 years old. B. 12 years old. C. 13 years old. D. 14 years old. 2. What does the underlined phrase "lost herself in" mean in Chinese? A. 迷路 B. 沉浸于 C. 丢失 D. 忘记 3. How long did Lily practice drawing every day? A. Less than one hour. B. About one hour. C. At least two hours. D. More than three hours. 4. What can we learn from Lily's story? A. Drawing is very easy. B. We should never give up. C. Parents should send children to drawing classes. D. Online videos are the best way to learn drawing. 5. What is the main idea of the passage? A. A girl who won a drawing competition. B. How to teach yourself to draw. C. A girl who taught herself to draw and succeeded. D. The importance of believing in yourself. B A Special Birthday Party Last Sunday was my 13th birthday. I didn't have a big party at home. Instead, I decided to have a special party in the old people's home with my friends. We prepared many things for the old people. My friend Lucy made a big birthday cake by herself. Tom and Jack bought some fruits and snacks. I prepared some interesting games. When we arrived, the old people were very happy. We sang songs and danced for them. Then we played games together. The old people told us many interesting stories about their childhood. We all enjoyed ourselves very much. After that, we helped the old people clean their rooms. Lucy cut the cake and we shared it with everyone. An old grandma said to me, "Thank you for giving us such a wonderful day. This is the best birthday party I have ever had." I felt very happy that day. I learned that helping others can make ourselves happy too. 1. Where did the writer have her birthday party? A. At home. B. In the park. C. In the old people's home. D. In a restaurant. 2. Who made the birthday cake? A. The writer. B. Lucy. C. Tom. D. Jack. 3. What did the old people do? A. They sang songs. B. They danced. C. They told stories. D. They cleaned the rooms. 4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. The writer is 14 years old now. B. The writer bought a big cake. C. The old people didn't like the party. D. The writer learned that helping others makes people happy. 5. What can we infer from the passage? A. The writer will have more parties in the old people's home. B. The old people don't have any children. C. The writer's friends didn't enjoy the party. D. The old people often have parties. C The Amazing Ants Ants are very small insects, but they are amazing. They can carry things that are much heavier than themselves. An ant can carry up to 50 times its own weight. That's like a person carrying a car! Ants live in groups called colonies. Each colony has a queen ant, male ants and worker ants. The worker ants do all the work. They look for food, build the nest and take care of the baby ants. They never stop working. Ants communicate with each other by using chemicals. When an ant finds food, it leaves a chemical trail on the way back to the nest. Other ants can follow this trail to find the food. Ants are very smart. They can solve many problems by themselves. For example, if there is a gap between two leaves, ants will form a bridge with their bodies so that other ants can cross. Scientists are studying ants to learn more about how they work together. They think that ants can teach us a lot about teamwork and problem-solving. 1. How much weight can an ant carry? A. Up to 10 times its own weight. B. Up to 20 times its own weight. C. Up to 50 times its own weight. D. Up to 100 times its own weight. 2. What do worker ants do? A. They lay eggs. B. They do all the work. C. They only look for food. D. They only build the nest. 3. How do ants communicate with each other? A. By making sounds. B. By using chemicals. C. By dancing. D. By touching each other. 4. What can we infer from the passage? A. Ants are the strongest animals in the world. B. Ants are very lazy. C. Ants are good at teamwork. D. Ants can solve all problems. 5. What is the main idea of the passage? A. How ants find food. B. How ants live in colonies. C. The amazing abilities of ants. D. Scientists' study on ants. 三、回答问题： 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。字数不超过10词。 My First Cooking Experience Last weekend, my parents went out for a trip. They left me alone at home. I was very excited because I could do whatever I wanted. But when lunch time came, I realized I had to cook for myself. I had never cooked before. I looked in the fridge and found some eggs and tomatoes. I decided to make tomato and egg noodles. I watched a short video on my phone to learn how to make it. First, I washed the tomatoes and cut them into pieces. Then I broke the eggs into a bowl and stirred them. I put some oil in the pan and cooked the eggs first. Then I added the tomatoes and some water. When the water boiled, I put the noodles in. At last, I added some salt and soy sauce. The noodles looked and smelled good. I tasted them and they were delicious! I was so proud of myself. I enjoyed my lunch very much. When my parents came back, they were surprised to see the noodles I made. They said I was a good cook. I told them I could take care of myself now. 1. Why was the writer excited at first? 2. What did the writer decide to cook for lunch? 3. How did the writer learn to cook? 4. Did the writer enjoy his/her lunch? 5. What can you learn from the writer's experience? 一、任务型阅读： 阅读下面短文，根据所读内容完成表格和回答问题。 Teenagers' Self-reliance Project Nowadays, many teenagers depend too much on their parents. They can't look after themselves well. To solve this problem, our school started a "Self-reliance Project" last term. The project encourages students to do things by themselves and develop their independence. The project has three main parts. First, students are required to learn basic life skills. They need to learn to cook simple meals, wash their own clothes and clean their bedrooms. Second, students should try to solve their own problems. When they have difficulties with their studies or relationships, they should first try to work them out by themselves instead of asking parents for help immediately. Third, students are encouraged to take part in volunteer activities. By helping others, they can learn to be more responsible and understand the importance of teamwork. The project has achieved great success. Many students have changed a lot. Li Ming, a Grade 8 student, used to ask his mother to do everything for him. Now he can cook three dishes by himself and even helps his mother with housework on weekends. Zhang Hua used to give up easily when she met problems. Now she always tells herself, "I can do it." She has become much more confident. However, the project also faces some challenges. Some parents are worried that their children will hurt themselves or waste too much time on housework. They still want to do everything for their children. Also, some students think the project is too difficult and they don't have enough time to take part in all the activities. The teacher in charge of the project says, "Self-reliance is one of the most important skills for teenagers. It helps them grow into independent and responsible adults. We will continue to improve the project and help more students develop this important ability." Purpose To encourage students to do things by 1. ______ and develop their independence. Three main parts Learn basic 2. ______ skills Try to solve their 3. ______ problems Take part in 4. ______ activities Achievements Li Ming can cook three dishes by himself and helps with 5. ______ Zhang Hua has become much more 6. ______ Challenges Parents worry children will hurt 7. ______ or waste time Some students think it's too 8. ______ and have no time Do you think it's necessary for teenagers to develop self-reliance? Why or why not? (No more than 20 words) 9 3 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $