暑假作业04 被动语态-【暑假分层作业】2025年八年级英语暑假培优练（牛津译林版）

限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 作业04 被动语态 一、常考的被动语态的构成 被动语态由“be动词+及物动词的过去分词”构成,必要时用by引出动作的执行者。(以do为例) 时态 主动语态 被动语态 句中常见的标志词 一般现在时 do/does am/is/are +done often、 usually、 always、 every year 一般过去时 did was/were+done five days ago、 last week、 yesterday 一般将来时 will/shall do will/shall+be done tomorrow、 next week、 in +时间段、 soon 现在完成时 has/have done has/have been+done already、 never、 just、 so far、 for +时间段、 since 小贴士: 被动强调宾(语),用be加上过去分(词);行为对象作主语,逻辑主语by来引。 易混易错 当过去分词为不及物动词时,“be动词+过去分词”是系表结构;当be动词的时态为进行时态或将来 时态时,“be动词+过去分词”多认定为被动语态。例如: My car is being repaired now. 我的车子正在被修理。(被动语态) My pen is gone. 我的钢笔不见了。(系表结构) 二．被动语态的用法 在被动语态中,主语是动作的承受者,主要用在下列几种情况: 1.需要强调或突出动作的承受者。例如: The party was held by the students of Class Three. 这次聚会是三班的学生举办的。 2.不知道动作的执行者是谁或没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。例如: The books are written for children. 这些书是为孩子们写的。 3.句子的主语是谓语动作的承受者。例如: She was made the monitor of our class. 她被选为我们班的班长。 三．含有情态动词的被动语态 1.含有情态动词的被动语态由“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。例如: The sign must be taken down. 这个指示牌一定要摘下来。 2.含有will或shall的被动语态的判定。 含有will或shall的被动语态的句子可能是含有情态动词的被动语态,也可能是一般将来时的被动语态。判定它们的区别,我们可以从句子的意思来入手。例如: Waste paper shall not be thrown everywhere. It's our duty to keep our city clean.废纸不应该被到处乱扔,保持城市的整洁是我们的责任。(含有情态动词的被动语态) I believe more and more things will be discovered in the future. 我相信将来会有越来越多的东西被发现。(一般将来时的被动语态) 五．“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”结构的被动语态 含有双宾语的句子用于被动语态时,常将指人的间接宾语转化成主语,但有时也可将指物的直接宾语转化成主语。用直接宾语作被动语态的主语时,通常要在间接宾语前加上适当的介词。一般情况下,动词give、show、bring、send、lend与to搭配; buy、make、draw与for搭配。例如: He showed me the ticket.→The ticket was shown to me by him.他把票给我看了。 My mother bought me a beautiful present.→A beautiful present was bought for me by my mother.我母亲给我买了一件漂亮的礼物。 三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型 一、单项选择 1．（23-24八年级下·江苏宿迁·期末）—Have you finished your project? —Not yet. I’ll finish it if I ________ ten more minutes. A．give B．will give C．am given D．will be given 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你完成你的项目了吗？——还没有。如果再给我十分钟，我就会完成它。 考查被动语态。if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时；再分析从句主语I和动词give可知两者是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态“am/is/are+动词过去分词”，主语为I，be动词用am，故选C。 2．（23-24八年级下·江苏镇江·期末）When I was a kid, some of my pocket money ________ to buy stuffed toy animals. A．uses B．is used C．used D．was used 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，我的一些零花钱被用来买毛绒玩具动物。 考查时态和被动语态。uses使用，一般现在时；is used被使用，一般现在时的被动语态；used使用，一般过去时；was used被使用，一般过去时的被动语态。分析题干可知，主语“some of my pocket money”和动词“use”之间是被动关系，结合“When I was a kid”可知，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故选D。 3．（23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）The 33rd Olympic Games ________ in Paris in July, 2024. A．will hold B．is held C．will be held D．was held 【答案】C 【详解】句意：第33届奥运会将于2024年7月在巴黎举行。 考查一般将来时被动语态。根据“The 33rd Olympic Games…in Paris in July, 2024”可知，主语“The 33rd Olympic Games”和动词“hold”之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态，结合时间状语“in July, 2024”可知，应用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为“will be done”。故选C。 4．（23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）—Mum, may I watch TV for a while? —As soon as your homework ________, you can. A．finishes B．is finished C．will finish D．will be finished 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我可以看一会电视吗？——你一做完作业就可以了。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。finishes完成，动词三单形式；is finished被完成，被动语态；will finish将会完成；will be finished将被完成。根据“As soon as all your homework…”可知homework是finish的承受者，使用被动语态，且homework是不可数名词；as soon as引导的时间状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。故选B。 5．（23-24八年级下·江苏镇江·期末）—Was the doctors successful in saving the patient? —Yes. He ________ the morning of June 2, and now he is out of danger. A．was operated B．was operated on C．operated on D．operated 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——医生成功地救了病人吗？——是的。他于6月2日上午接受了手术，现已脱离危险。 考查被动语态和介词用法。主语“He”和所给谓语动词operate构成动宾关系，应用被动语态。根据“the morning of June 2”可知，用一般过去时的被动语态，其构成为“was/were done”；“the morning of June 2”是具体某一天的早上，用介词on。故选B。 6．（23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）A meeting ________ by us tomorrow. A．will held B．is going to be held C．will hold D．is going to hold 【答案】B 【详解】句意：明天我们要开一个会。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。分析句子结构可知，主语“A meeting”与动词hold“召开，举行”是被动关系，应用被动语态；且根据“tomorrow”可知，句子时态为一般将来时，因此这里应用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为will/be going to be done；句子主语“A meeting”为第三人称单数，be动词用is；动词hold的过去分词为held，即为will be held或is going to be held。故选B。 7．（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）It is said that more railways to improve the traffic situation in the next five years. A．built B．will be built C．are building D．have been built 【答案】B 【详解】句意：据称，未来五年将修建更多铁路以改善交通状况。 考查动词时态。根据“in the next five years”可知此处需用一般将来时，且主语“railways”与“修建”之间存在被动关系，因此此处需用一般将来时的被动语态，即will be done。故选B。 8．（23-24八年级下·江苏宿迁·期末）If we drop litter in a public place, we __________ by the police. A．fine B．fined C．are fined D．will be fined 【答案】D 【详解】句意：如果我们在公共场所乱扔垃圾，我们将被警察罚款。 考查条件状语从句。if引导的条件状语从句，采用“主将从现”，故选D。 9．（23-24八年级下·江苏连云港·期末）A charity show ______ to collect money for poor children last weekend. A．holds B．held C．is held D．was held 【答案】D 【详解】句意：上周末举行了一场慈善演出，为贫困儿童募集善款。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。holds一般现在时的主动语态；held一般过去时的主动语态；is held一般现在时的被动语态；was held一般过去时的被动语态。根据“last weekend”排除AC，由于主语“A charity show”与谓语动词hold之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态were/was done。故选D。 10．（23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）The 2024 Summer Olympics ________ in Paris with “Games Wide Open (奥运更开放)” as its slogan (口号). A．will hold B．is going to hold C．was held D．will be held 【答案】D 【详解】句意：2024 年夏季奥运会将在巴黎举行，其口号为“奥运更开放”。 考查将来时态的被动语态。根据主语和hold是动宾关系，可知是被动语态，由于时间是将来，所以是一般将来时态的被动语态will be done。故选D。 11．（23-24八年级下·江苏宿迁·期末）—What news are you reading, Grandpa? —The 33rd Summer Olympic Games ________ in Paris, France, on July 26th, 2024. A．are held B．were held C．will be held D．are going to hold 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——爷爷，你在看什么新闻？——第33届夏季奥运会将于2024年7月26日在法国巴黎举行。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据“The 33rd Summer Olympic Games…in Paris, France, on July 26th, 2024.”可知，此处时态为一般将来时，主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系，则用被动语态，一般将来时的被动语态结构为will be done。故选C。 12．（23-24八年级下·江苏无锡·期末）It is said that the Paris 2024 Olympic Games ________ on July 26th. A．hold B．are held C．will be held D．will hold 【答案】C 【详解】句意：据说2024年巴黎奥运会将于7月26日举行。 考查被动语态。分析句子可知，奥运会是“被举行”；再根据“Paris 2024 Olympic Games ... on July 26th.”可知，时态要用一般将来时，故此处应用一般将来时的被动语态，结构为will be done。故选C。 13．（23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期末）—Let’s go to play soccer now, Jack. —I’d like to, but I need at least one more hour before my project ________. A．finishes B．is finished C．will finish D．will be finished 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——杰克，现在咱们去踢足球吧。——我很想去，但在我的项目完成之前，我至少再需要一个小时。 考查动词时态。分析句子可知，该句为before引导的时间状语从句，从句用一般现在时；从句的主语“project”是动词“finish”的动作承受者，需用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为“is/am/are+过去分词”。故选B。 14．（23-24八年级下·江苏苏州·期末）—Good news! Suzhou Rail Transit Line 6 ________ to be put into use soon. —That’s great! It will be easier to get to Suzhou Museum. A．expects B．is expected C．is expecting D．will expect 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——好消息！苏州轨道交通6号线预计不久将投入使用。——太好了！去苏州博物馆将更容易了。 考查时态和语态。本句主语“Suzhou Rail Transit Line 6”与谓语动词有逻辑上的动宾关系，结合expect“期望”本身暗含将来，所以此处用一般现在时的被动语态“is/ am/are done”表达，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用is。故选B。 15．（23-24八年级下·江苏苏州·期末）—Mum, when shall I watch TV? —After all the homework ________. A．was done B．has been done C．is done D．will be done 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我什么时候可以看电视？——在做完所有的家庭作业之后。 考查时态和语态。根据“After all the homework”可知，这里描述的是一个经常性的行为，即孩子完成作业后可以看电视，而不是指某一次特定的作业完成时间。因此，需要使用一般现在时来描述这个经常性的行为，主语与do是被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态。故选C。 二、正确形式填空 16．（23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）Xiaomi (expect) to sell a large number of SU7 cars in the coming months by Lei Jun this year. 【答案】is/was expected 【详解】句意：雷军今年预计，小米将在未来几个月销售大量SU7汽车。主语与动词expect是被动关系，时态可以是一般现在时也可以是一般过去时，主语是单数，be动词用is/was，is/was expected符合句意，故填is/was expected。 17．（23-24八年级下·江苏南京·期末）Everyone has to obey the school rules, or you will (punish). 【答案】be punished 【详解】句意：每个人都必须遵守校规，否则你会受到惩罚。根据“Everyone has to obey the school rules, or you will…”可知，此处指每个人都必须遵守校规，否则你会受到惩罚；主语“you”与动词“punish”之间为动宾关系，此处应用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为“will be done”，空前为will，空处应填be punished。故填be punished。 18．（22-23八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）The charity (set) up to help people with eye problems last month. 【答案】was set 【详解】句意：这个慈善机构是上个月成立的，目的是帮助有眼疾的人。set up“设立”，动词短语；根据语境“机构是被设立”，应用被动语态；再根据“last month”可知时态为一般过去时，故应用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为was/were done；主语“The charity”为单数，应用was，set的过去分词为set。故填was set。 19．（22-23八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）—What do you think of yesterday’s activity in your community? —Wonderful, a lot of useful tips on self-protection (offer). 【答案】were offered 【详解】句意：——你对昨天社区的活动有什么看法？——很棒，提供了很多有用的自我保护技巧。根据主语“a lot of useful tips on self-protection”与提示词可知，主语是动词的承受者，因此应用被动语态，根据“yesterday’s activity”可知，时态为一般过去时，因此用一般过去时的被动语态，构成为was/ were done，主语为tips为复数形式，因此用were offered“被提供”，故填were offered。 20．（22-23八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）The sports meeting (hold) in our school next week. 【答案】will be held 【详解】句意：运动会将于下周在我校举行。主语“The sports meeting”与谓语动词“hold”之间为动宾关系，此处应用被动语态，根据时间状语“next week”可知，时态为一般将来时，谓语动词结构为will be+过去分词，hold的过去分词形式为held。故填will be held。 21．（22-23八年级下·江苏南京·期末）When you enter the museum, you (take) round it by a guide. Please keep quiet. 【答案】will be taken 【详解】句意：当你进入博物馆时，你将由导游带着参观。请保持安静。根据题干可知，主语you是动作的承受者；by a guide被导游（带着参观），由此可推知，应用被动语态be+及物动词的过去分词，即be taken。同时根据题意可知，“当你进入博物馆的时候，由导游带领参观，要保持安静”是将来的动作，when引导的时间状语从句，动作在将来要遵循主将从现的原则，所以take要用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be taken。 22．（22-23八年级下·江苏南京·期末）Speed reading courses (support) by real science at present. 【答案】are supported 【详解】句意：目前，快速阅读课程是有真实科学支撑的。support“支持”，动词原型，根据“Speed reading courses...(support) by real science at present.”可知，快速阅读课程是support的承受者，这里要用动词的被动语态，再加上speed reading courses是复数和at present可知时态为一般现在时，所以要用are done，support的过去分词是supported。故填are supported。 23．（22-23八年级下·江苏南京·期末）Sorry, you can’t go inside until your ID card (show) to us. 【答案】is shown 【详解】句意：对不起，在出示身份证之前，您不能进去。until引导的条件状语从句中的主语your ID card与谓语show之间是被动关系，根据语境可知，此处是一般现在时的被动语态be done，主语是第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is shown。 24．（22-23八年级下·江苏南京·期末）A charity show (hold) at the school hall this Friday evening. 【答案】will be held 【详解】句意：本周五晚上将在学校礼堂举行慈善演出。根据“this Friday evening”可知，时态为一般将来时，又因“A charity show”与“hold”之间为被动关系，谓语用一般将来时的被动语态，主语A charity show为第三人称单数，即“will be+过去分词”的结构，held为hold的过去分词。故填will be held。 25．（22-23八年级下·江苏南京·期末）If someone is caught littering in public places, he or she can (fine) for it. 【答案】be fined 【详解】句意：如果有人被抓到在公共场所乱扔垃圾，他或她可能会因此被罚款。主语“he or she”和动词“fine”是动宾关系，可知句子是含情态动词的被动语态。故填be fined。 26．（22-23八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）More trees (cut) down if more paper is needed in the future. 【答案】will be cut 【详解】句意：如果未来需要更多的纸，那么更多的树就会被砍伐。主语“More trees”与动词cut之间是动宾关系，if引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，此处用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为will be done，cut的过去分词cut。故填will be cut。 27．（21-22八年级下·江苏镇江·期末）After every detail was (check), Shenzhou-14 manned spaceship was sent up into space on June 5, 2022. 【答案】checked 【详解】句意：在检查了所有细节后，神舟十四号载人飞船于2022年6月5日发射升空。主语every detail与动词check之间是被动关系，此空应填过去分词与was构成一般过去时被动语态，故填checked。 28．（22-23八年级下·全国·课后作业）We will be (punish) if we take no action to protect the environment. 【答案】punished 【详解】句意：如果我们不采取措施保护环境，我们会受到惩罚的。主语“We”与动词“punish”是被动关系，因此应用被动语态“be done”，动词“punish”需变为过去分词“punished”。故填punished。 29．（22-23八年级下·全国·课后作业）The room is (fill) with the fragrance (芳香) of the flowers. 【答案】filled 【详解】句意：这个房间充满了花香。主语“The room”和动词“fill”是被动关系，因此需用被动语态“be done”，动词需变为过去分词“filled”，“be filled with”表示“充满……”。故填filled。 30．（21-22八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）— Mum, excuse me, but when can we have dinner? — Not until it (prepare) in half an hour. 【答案】is prepared 【详解】句意：——妈妈，打扰一下，我们什么时候可以吃饭？——半小时后才能做好。根据it和谓语动词prepare可知，两者是被动关系，until引导时间状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，因此此句用一般现在时的被动语态，is prepared符合句意，故填is prepared。 31．（21-22八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）The old car was in Germany in the 1960s. （produce） 【答案】produced 【详解】句意：这辆旧车是20世纪60年代在德国生产的。根据“The old car was…in Germany in the 1960s.”可知，此处主语和动词之间为被动关系，使用被动语态“be done”，此处填过去分词produced“生产”，故填produced。 32．（17-18八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）A new big shopping mall (build) in the west of Xinghua next year. 【答案】will be built 【详解】句意：明年，兴化西部将新建一座大型购物中心。由时间状语“next year”可知此句时态为一般将来时。根据“A new big shopping mall…in the west of Xinghua next year.”可知主语“A new big shopping mall”和谓语动词“build”之间是被动关系，用被动语态。此句是一般将来时的被动语态（will be done），build的过去分词是built，故填will be built。 33．（21-22八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）Every year a party (hold) to celebrate the lovely boy’s birthday. 【答案】is held 【详解】句意：每年都要举行一个聚会来庆祝这个可爱的男孩的生日。根据every year可知，此句用一般现在时，主语party与动词hold之间是被动关系，故此处用一般现在时被动语态be done的结构，主语party是单数形式，助动词用is，故填is held。 34．（21-22年级下·全国·期末）If the dog (treat) in time, he will be safe soon. 【答案】is treated 【详解】句意：如果这条狗被及时治疗，他很快就会安全的。根据语境和句意可知，此句是被动语态。本句也是if引导的件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主语为“the dog”，故be动词用单数is。故填is treated。 35．（21-22八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）Look! Some holes (dig) already. We can put the young trees in them. 【答案】have been dug 【详解】句意：看！有些洞已经被挖好了。我们可以把树苗放进去。根据“already”可知，时态为现在完成时，主语“Some holes”和动词“dig”是被动关系，故此处要用现在完成时的被动语态，结构为have been done；主语“Some holes”表示复数，助动词用have，dig的过去分词为dug，故填have been dug。 36．（21-22八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）On the afternoon of March 27, 2022, the mourning ceremony（哀悼仪式） (hold) for the 132 victims（受害者） of MU5735. 【答案】was held 【详解】句意：132名MU5735遇难者的哀悼仪式，在2022年3月27日下午举行。根据“On the afternoon of March 27, 2022”可知该句应用一般过去时，主语the mourning ceremony与动词hold“举行”是被动关系，因此谓语应是一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为：was/were+过去分词。主语the mourning ceremony为单数名词，be动词应用was，动词hold的过去分词是held。故填was held。 37．（21-22八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）Tom (fine) by the police for speeding yesterday. 【答案】was fined 【详解】句意：汤姆昨天因超速行驶被警察罚款。Tom是主语，后接动词谓语，fine意为“罚款”，与主语之间是被动关系；由yesterday可知，这里是一般过去时的被动语态，其结构是：was/were+动词的过去分词，主语Tom是单数，因此be动词用was。故填was fined。 38．（21-22八年级下·江苏镇江·期末）You cannot bring that in here. Food is not （allow）in the museum. 【答案】allowed 【详解】句意：你不能把那个带到这里来。博物馆里不允许吃东西。allow“允许”，动词；根据“food is not …”可知，allow和food为被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为“is/are+过去分词”，故空格处为过去分词allowed。故填allowed。 39．（21-22八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）— Jim, have you finished your report yet? — I will make it if I (give) another two days. 【答案】am given 【详解】句意：——吉姆，你的报告写完了吗？——如果再给我两天时间，我会成功的。句子是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”，从句用一般现在时，主语I和谓语give“给”之间是被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态am/is/are done，be动词用am。故填am given。 40．（21-22八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）It’s reported that the company where Mike works (fine)￥50, 000 for breaking safety rules last year. 【答案】was fined 【详解】句意：据报道，迈克工作的公司去年因违反安全规定被罚款5万元。分析句子成分可知，主语the company和谓语fine是被动关系，应用被动语态（be+done sth.），由时间状语last year可知此句时态为一般过去时，主语the company是第三人称单数，be动词用was，fine处……以罚金，过去分词是fined。故填was fined。 三、完成句子 41．（24-25八年级上·江苏无锡·期末）上星期天，足球比赛在市体育馆举行。 The football match in the city stadium last Sunday. 【答案】was held 【详解】hold“举行”，动词hold与主语“The football match”之间是被动关系，结合“last Sunday”，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态“was done”，hold的过去分词是held。故填was held。 42．（24-25八年级上·江苏无锡·期末）这阵子的白果巷很漂亮，整条道路都被金色银杏叶覆盖着。 Baiguo Lane is beautiful now. The whole road golden ginkgo leaves. 【答案】is covered with 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺“被……覆盖”的英文。be covered with意为“被……覆盖”，固定搭配。主语The whole road与核心动词cover之间为被动关系，根据“is”可知，需一般现在时的被动语态，be动词用is。故填is covered with。 43．（22-23八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）这个男孩受到了他爸爸的惩罚，因为他在家弄出了太多的噪音。 The boy by his father because he made too at home. 【答案】 was punished much noise 【详解】根据所给句意可知，第一空处表示“受到处罚”，应用被动语态，根据“because he made”可知，用一般过去时，其构成为“was/were done”，主语“The boy”表示单数，用was构成，惩罚“punish”，动词，第一空填was punished；第二空表示“太多噪音”，用短语too much noise。故填was punished；much noise。 44．（23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）如果你在森林公园砍树，你将会被警察罚款。 If you in the forest park, you will by the police. 【答案】 cut down the trees/cut down trees/cut the trees down/cut trees down be fined 【详解】根据中英文对照可知， 此处缺少“砍树”和“被罚款”。分析句子可知，句子是由if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”，即主句为一般将来时，从句为一般现在时。cut  down“砍树”，固定短语；trees“树”，名词，可位于短语之间或之后；由“will…by the police”可知，应用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为will be+过去分词，fine“罚款”。故填cut down (the) trees/cut (the) trees down；be fined。 45．（23-24八年级下·江苏常州·期末）如果不按时还书，你将被罚款。 You . 【答案】will be fined if you don’t return books on time 【详解】if“如果”，引导条件状语从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，return“归还”，book“书本”，不止一本，用复数名词；on time“按时”，fine“罚款”，主语you与谓语fine之间是被动关系，因此用被动语态，故填will be fined if you don’t return books on time。 46．（23-24八年级下·江苏常州·期末）在我洗之前，所有衣服将被分成不同的类别。 All the clothes before I wash them. 【答案】will be separated into different groups 【详解】根据中文句意和英文提示可知，此句为before引导的时间状语从句，从句为一般现在时，主句应为含有will 的一般将来时。再结合中文中“被分成……”，因此此处应用一般将来时的被动结构。“被分成”be separated into；“不同的”different；“类别”group（可数名词）。故填will be separated into different groups。 47．（22-23八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）如果你在公共场合抽烟，你将会被罚款。 If you smoke , you . 【答案】 in public places will be fined 【详解】“在公共场合”in public places，“罚款”fine，被动语态是be fined，if引导的条件状语从句符合“主将从现”的时态规则，主句用一般将来时，即第二空是一般将来时的被动语态will be done，所以是will be fined。故填in public places；will be fined。 48．（22-23八年级下·江苏常州·期末）这些废弃物将被送到工厂进行回收利用。 The waste . 【答案】will be sent to the factory for recycling 【详解】分析题干可知，此处是为一般将来时的被动语态。结构为：主语+will be+动词的过去分词+其它。be sent to“被送往……”；the factory“工厂”；for表示目的；recycle“回收利用”，位于介词后，应用动名词作宾语。故填will be sent to the factory for recycling。 49．（22-23八年级下·江苏常州·期末）需要更多的钱来支持和继续这项工程。 More money . 【答案】is needed to support and carry on with the project 【详解】need“需要”，钱是被需要的，此处应用一般现在时的被动结构，主语money是不可数名词，be动词用is，support and carry on with the project“支持和继续这项工程”，此处表示目的，应用不定式形式，故填is needed to support and carry on with the project。 50．（22-23八年级下·江苏常州·期末）志愿者下周在街上向人们散发传单吗？ in the street by volunteers next week? 【答案】Will the leaflets be handed out to people 【详解】the leaflets“传单”，hand out to sb.“散发给某人”，people“人们”；主语“the leaflets”和谓语hand out是被动关系，结合“next week”可知，应用一般将来时的被动语态，结构为will be done，助动词will应提到主语前，构成一般疑问句。故填Will the leaflets be handed out to people。 （24-25八年级下·江苏苏州·期中） Online shopping has become something very common (普通的) for young people. But most of the old people have 1 (difficult) buying things online. Therefore, offline buy-for-you (线下代购) stores are becoming very popular 2 the old. Li Hui, 3 84-year-old man from Dalian city, says, “I think it’s convenient to buy things in a large store and I like shopping there. But I couldn’t find my favourite CD in the large stores. It’s very convenient (方便的) to buy things online. 4 , I don’t know how to use the computer. After I happened 5 (find) this offline buy-for-you store, I 6 (decide) to have a try. Finally I got the opera CD I’d 7 (dream) of for several years. I was so happy. I have become crazy about offline shopping.” The store owner Liu Min says in order to meet the needs of people who want to buy things online but can’t use the computer. she started the business of offline buy-for-you. In the past ten days, she 8 (receive) more than 20 orders (订单) from customers. Liu Min is not the only one who finds the large need of this kind of service. In Dalian city, more than 300 such stores 9 (open) their doors only in March. The offline buy-for-you stores make it much 10 (easy) for certain people, especially the old, to shop online than the old way. 【答案】1．difficulty 2．among 3．an 4．However 5．to find 6．decided 7．dreamed/dreamt 8．has received 9．opened 10．easier 【导语】本文讲述了线下代购服务如何帮助老年人解决网购困难的现象。 1．句意：但大多数老人在网上购物时有困难。have是动词，后跟名词形式difficulty作宾语，构成have difficulty doing sth结构。故填difficulty。 2．句意：因此，线下代购店在老年人中变得非常流行。根据“becoming very popular...the old.”可知，线下代购店在老年人中变得非常流行，应用介词among。故填among。 3．句意：李辉，一位来自大连的84岁老人说。这里表示泛指，84是以元音音素开头，需要用不定冠词an。故填an。 4．句意：在网上买东西很方便，然而我不知道怎么用电脑。上下文是转折关系，空后是逗号，应填however“然而”。故填However。 5．句意：在我偶然发现这家线下代购店后，我决定试一试。happen to do sth是固定搭配，表示碰巧做某事“”，故填to find。 6．句意：在我偶然发现这家线下代购店后，我决定试一试。根据“happened”可知，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填decided。 7．句意：我终于得到了我梦想多年的歌剧CD。“I’d”是“I had”的缩写，此句时态为过去完成时，其结构为“had + 过去分词”，dream的过去分词是dreamed或dreamt，故填 dreamed/dreamt。 8．句意：在过去十天里，她已经收到了来自顾客的20多份订单。根据“In the past ten days”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，其结构为“have/has + 过去分词”，主语she是第三人称单数，助动词用has，故填has received。 9．句意：在大连市，仅三月份就有300多家这样的商店开门营业。根据“In Dalian city, more than 300 such stores...their doors only in March.”可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填opened。 10．句意：线下代购店让某些人，尤其是老人，比老方法更容易在网上购物。much修饰的是形容词比较级。故填easier。 （24-25八年级下·陕西咸阳·期中）Spring is a green season. It’s full 1 life. I like spring very much. In spring, it’s warm. 2 begins to grow. The grass and trees turn green. Flowers start 3 . The birds all fly back. Everything looks nice. In spring, I feel very happy 4 I stand on the green grass, listening to birds singing. Their songs sound 5 beautiful. There are many kinds of flowers and they have many colours. How beautiful they are! The bees (蜜蜂) are flying among the flowers. In spring, we can do many sports. We can play with 6 friends. We can fly kites too. A year’s plan starts with spring. Look! The farmers 7 on the farm. They are planting crops and vegetables. They work very hard like 8 . Do you want to be a little bee? Spring is 9 little girl, and she goes everywhere. When she arrives at a place, nature there looks green. Green 10 life’s colour and spring is full of green. Spring is my favourite season. Tell me about yours. 1．A．with B．in C．of D．on 2．A．Nothing B．Anything C．Something D．Everything 3．A．blossom B．to blossom C．die D．to die 4．A．when B．so C．or D．but 5．A．sad B．sadly C．real D．really 6．A．us B．our C．them D．their 7．A．work B．will work C．are working D．worked 8．A．bee B．bees C．flower D．flowers 9．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 10．A．was B．were C．is D．are 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．D 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文描写了春天的生机勃勃，表达了作者对春天的喜爱。 1．句意：春天充满了生命。 with和；in在……里；of……的；on在……上。根据“and spring is full of green”可知，此处指充满生命。be full of“充满”，固定搭配。故选C。 2．句意：在春天，天气温暖，万物开始生长。 Nothing没有东西；Anything任何东西，常用于否定句或疑问句；Something某物，常用于肯定句；Everything一切。此句为肯定句。根据“The grass and trees turn green.”和“Everything looks nice.”可知，此处指一切都开始生长。故选D。 3．句意：花朵开始绽放。 blossom开花，动词原形；to blossom开花，动词不定式；die死亡，动词原形；to die死亡，动词不定式。根据“begins to grow”可知，花朵开始开花。start to do sth“开始做某事”，空处填动词不定式。故选B。 4．句意：在春天，当我站在绿草地上听鸟儿唱歌时，我感到非常快乐。 when当……时；so所以；or或者；but但是。根据“I stand on the green grass, listening to birds singing”可知，此处指站在草坪上听鸟叫时是开心的。用when引导时间状语从句。故选A。 5．句意：它们的歌声听起来真的很美。 sad悲伤的，形容词；sadly悲伤地，副词；real真实的，形容词；really很，副词。空处修饰形容词“beautiful”，填副词作状语。根据“I feel very happy when I stand on the green grass, listening to birds singing.”可知，鸟的歌声很好听。故选D。 6．句意：我们可以和朋友们一起玩耍。 us我们，宾格；our我们的，形容词性物主代词；them他们，宾格；their他们的，形容词性物主代词。空处位于名词“friends”前，填形容词性物主代词。根据“We can play with”可知，此处指“我们”与“我们的”朋友一起玩。故选B。 7．句意：看！农民们正在农场里劳作。 work工作，动词原形；will work将工作，将来时结构；are working正在工作，现在进行时结构；worked工作过，动词过去式。根据“Look!”可知，此处表示动作正在进行，用现在进行时。故选C。 8．句意：他们像蜜蜂一样辛勤工作。 bee蜜蜂，单数名词；bees蜜蜂，复数名词；flower花，单数名词；flowers花，复数名词。根据“Do you want to be a little bee?”可知，此处表示农民像蜜蜂一样勤劳。bee为可数名词，前无冠词修饰，要用复数的bees。故选B。 9．句意：春天是个小女孩，且她无处不在。 a一个，表泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，表泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；the这个，表特指；/零冠词。“girl”为单数可数名词，且首次提及，表示泛指，需用不定冠词，“little”是以辅音音素开头的单词，用a修饰。故选A。 10．句意：绿色是生命的颜色，春天充满了绿色。 was是，am和is的过去式；were是，are的过去式；is是，主语常为单数或不可数名词；are是，主语常为复数名词。描述事实用一般现在时，且“Green”为颜色，指整体概念，作主语时，be动词用is。故选C。 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 作业04 被动语态 一、常考的被动语态的构成 被动语态由“be动词+及物动词的过去分词”构成,必要时用by引出动作的执行者。(以do为例) 时态 主动语态 被动语态 句中常见的标志词 一般现在时 do/does am/is/are +done often、 usually、 always、 every year 一般过去时 did was/were+done five days ago、 last week、 yesterday 一般将来时 will/shall do will/shall+be done tomorrow、 next week、 in +时间段、 soon 现在完成时 has/have done has/have been+done already、 never、 just、 so far、 for +时间段、 since 小贴士: 被动强调宾(语),用be加上过去分(词);行为对象作主语,逻辑主语by来引。 易混易错 当过去分词为不及物动词时,“be动词+过去分词”是系表结构;当be动词的时态为进行时态或将来 时态时,“be动词+过去分词”多认定为被动语态。例如: My car is being repaired now. 我的车子正在被修理。(被动语态) My pen is gone. 我的钢笔不见了。(系表结构) 二．被动语态的用法 在被动语态中,主语是动作的承受者,主要用在下列几种情况: 1.需要强调或突出动作的承受者。例如: The party was held by the students of Class Three. 这次聚会是三班的学生举办的。 2.不知道动作的执行者是谁或没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。例如: The books are written for children. 这些书是为孩子们写的。 3.句子的主语是谓语动作的承受者。例如: She was made the monitor of our class. 她被选为我们班的班长。 三．含有情态动词的被动语态 1.含有情态动词的被动语态由“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。例如: The sign must be taken down. 这个指示牌一定要摘下来。 2.含有will或shall的被动语态的判定。 含有will或shall的被动语态的句子可能是含有情态动词的被动语态,也可能是一般将来时的被动语态。判定它们的区别,我们可以从句子的意思来入手。例如: Waste paper shall not be thrown everywhere. It's our duty to keep our city clean.废纸不应该被到处乱扔,保持城市的整洁是我们的责任。(含有情态动词的被动语态) I believe more and more things will be discovered in the future. 我相信将来会有越来越多的东西被发现。(一般将来时的被动语态) 五．“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”结构的被动语态 含有双宾语的句子用于被动语态时,常将指人的间接宾语转化成主语,但有时也可将指物的直接宾语转化成主语。用直接宾语作被动语态的主语时,通常要在间接宾语前加上适当的介词。一般情况下,动词give、show、bring、send、lend与to搭配; buy、make、draw与for搭配。例如: He showed me the ticket.→The ticket was shown to me by him.他把票给我看了。 My mother bought me a beautiful present.→A beautiful present was bought for me by my mother.我母亲给我买了一件漂亮的礼物。 三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型 一、单项选择 1．（23-24八年级下·江苏宿迁·期末）—Have you finished your project? —Not yet. I’ll finish it if I ________ ten more minutes. A．give B．will give C．am given D．will be given 2．（23-24八年级下·江苏镇江·期末）When I was a kid, some of my pocket money ________ to buy stuffed toy animals. A．uses B．is used C．used D．was used 3．（23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）The 33rd Olympic Games ________ in Paris in July, 2024. A．will hold B．is held C．will be held D．was held 4．（23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）—Mum, may I watch TV for a while? —As soon as your homework ________, you can. A．finishes B．is finished C．will finish D．will be finished 5．（23-24八年级下·江苏镇江·期末）—Was the doctors successful in saving the patient? —Yes. He ________ the morning of June 2, and now he is out of danger. A．was operated B．was operated on C．operated on D．operated 6．（23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）A meeting ________ by us tomorrow. A．will held B．is going to be held C．will hold D．is going to hold 7．（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）It is said that more railways to improve the traffic situation in the next five years. A．built B．will be built C．are building D．have been built 8．（23-24八年级下·江苏宿迁·期末）If we drop litter in a public place, we __________ by the police. A．fine B．fined C．are fined D．will be fined 9．（23-24八年级下·江苏连云港·期末）A charity show ______ to collect money for poor children last weekend. A．holds B．held C．is held D．was held 10．（23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）The 2024 Summer Olympics ________ in Paris with “Games Wide Open (奥运更开放)” as its slogan (口号). A．will hold B．is going to hold C．was held D．will be held 11．（23-24八年级下·江苏宿迁·期末）—What news are you reading, Grandpa? —The 33rd Summer Olympic Games ________ in Paris, France, on July 26th, 2024. A．are held B．were held C．will be held D．are going to hold 12．（23-24八年级下·江苏无锡·期末）It is said that the Paris 2024 Olympic Games ________ on July 26th. A．hold B．are held C．will be held D．will hold 13．（23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期末）—Let’s go to play soccer now, Jack. —I’d like to, but I need at least one more hour before my project ________. A．finishes B．is finished C．will finish D．will be finished 14．（23-24八年级下·江苏苏州·期末）—Good news! Suzhou Rail Transit Line 6 ________ to be put into use soon. —That’s great! It will be easier to get to Suzhou Museum. A．expects B．is expected C．is expecting D．will expect 15．（23-24八年级下·江苏苏州·期末）—Mum, when shall I watch TV? —After all the homework ________. A．was done B．has been done C．is done D．will be done 二、正确形式填空 16．（23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）Xiaomi (expect) to sell a large number of SU7 cars in the coming months by Lei Jun this year. 17．（23-24八年级下·江苏南京·期末）Everyone has to obey the school rules, or you will (punish). 18．（22-23八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）The charity (set) up to help people with eye problems last month. 19．（22-23八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）—What do you think of yesterday’s activity in your community? —Wonderful, a lot of useful tips on self-protection (offer). 20．（22-23八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）The sports meeting (hold) in our school next week. 21．（22-23八年级下·江苏南京·期末）When you enter the museum, you (take) round it by a guide. Please keep quiet. 22．（22-23八年级下·江苏南京·期末）Speed reading courses (support) by real science at present. 23．（22-23八年级下·江苏南京·期末）Sorry, you can’t go inside until your ID card (show) to us. 24．（22-23八年级下·江苏南京·期末）A charity show (hold) at the school hall this Friday evening. 25．（22-23八年级下·江苏南京·期末）If someone is caught littering in public places, he or she can (fine) for it. 26．（22-23八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）More trees (cut) down if more paper is needed in the future. 27．（21-22八年级下·江苏镇江·期末）After every detail was (check), Shenzhou-14 manned spaceship was sent up into space on June 5, 2022. 28．（22-23八年级下·全国·课后作业）We will be (punish) if we take no action to protect the environment. 29．（22-23八年级下·全国·课后作业）The room is (fill) with the fragrance (芳香) of the flowers. 30．（21-22八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）— Mum, excuse me, but when can we have dinner? — Not until it (prepare) in half an hour. 31．（21-22八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）The old car was in Germany in the 1960s. （produce） 32．（17-18八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）A new big shopping mall (build) in the west of Xinghua next year. 33．（21-22八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）Every year a party (hold) to celebrate the lovely boy’s birthday. 34．（21-22年级下·全国·期末）If the dog (treat) in time, he will be safe soon. 35．（21-22八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）Look! Some holes (dig) already. We can put the young trees in them. 36．（21-22八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）On the afternoon of March 27, 2022, the mourning ceremony（哀悼仪式） (hold) for the 132 victims（受害者） of MU5735. 37．（21-22八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）Tom (fine) by the police for speeding yesterday. 38．（21-22八年级下·江苏镇江·期末）You cannot bring that in here. Food is not （allow）in the museum. 39．（21-22八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）— Jim, have you finished your report yet? — I will make it if I (give) another two days. 40．（21-22八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）It’s reported that the company where Mike works (fine)￥50, 000 for breaking safety rules last year. 三、完成句子 41．（24-25八年级上·江苏无锡·期末）上星期天，足球比赛在市体育馆举行。 The football match in the city stadium last Sunday. 42．（24-25八年级上·江苏无锡·期末）这阵子的白果巷很漂亮，整条道路都被金色银杏叶覆盖着。 Baiguo Lane is beautiful now. The whole road golden ginkgo leaves. 43．（22-23八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）这个男孩受到了他爸爸的惩罚，因为他在家弄出了太多的噪音。 The boy by his father because he made too at home. 44．（23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）如果你在森林公园砍树，你将会被警察罚款。 If you in the forest park, you will by the police. 45．（23-24八年级下·江苏常州·期末）如果不按时还书，你将被罚款。 You . 46．（23-24八年级下·江苏常州·期末）在我洗之前，所有衣服将被分成不同的类别。 All the clothes before I wash them. 47．（22-23八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）如果你在公共场合抽烟，你将会被罚款。 If you smoke , you . 48．（22-23八年级下·江苏常州·期末）这些废弃物将被送到工厂进行回收利用。 The waste . 49．（22-23八年级下·江苏常州·期末）需要更多的钱来支持和继续这项工程。 More money . 50．（22-23八年级下·江苏常州·期末）志愿者下周在街上向人们散发传单吗？ in the street by volunteers next week? （24-25八年级下·江苏苏州·期中） Online shopping has become something very common (普通的) for young people. But most of the old people have 1 (difficult) buying things online. Therefore, offline buy-for-you (线下代购) stores are becoming very popular 2 the old. Li Hui, 3 84-year-old man from Dalian city, says, “I think it’s convenient to buy things in a large store and I like shopping there. But I couldn’t find my favourite CD in the large stores. It’s very convenient (方便的) to buy things online. 4 , I don’t know how to use the computer. After I happened 5 (find) this offline buy-for-you store, I 6 (decide) to have a try. Finally I got the opera CD I’d 7 (dream) of for several years. I was so happy. I have become crazy about offline shopping.” The store owner Liu Min says in order to meet the needs of people who want to buy things online but can’t use the computer. she started the business of offline buy-for-you. In the past ten days, she 8 (receive) more than 20 orders (订单) from customers. Liu Min is not the only one who finds the large need of this kind of service. In Dalian city, more than 300 such stores 9 (open) their doors only in March. The offline buy-for-you stores make it much 10 (easy) for certain people, especially the old, to shop online than the old way. （24-25八年级下·陕西咸阳·期中）Spring is a green season. It’s full 1 life. I like spring very much. In spring, it’s warm. 2 begins to grow. The grass and trees turn green. Flowers start 3 . The birds all fly back. Everything looks nice. In spring, I feel very happy 4 I stand on the green grass, listening to birds singing. Their songs sound 5 beautiful. There are many kinds of flowers and they have many colours. How beautiful they are! The bees (蜜蜂) are flying among the flowers. In spring, we can do many sports. We can play with 6 friends. We can fly kites too. A year’s plan starts with spring. Look! The farmers 7 on the farm. They are planting crops and vegetables. They work very hard like 8 . Do you want to be a little bee? Spring is 9 little girl, and she goes everywhere. When she arrives at a place, nature there looks green. Green 10 life’s colour and spring is full of green. Spring is my favourite season. Tell me about yours. 1．A．with B．in C．of D．on 2．A．Nothing B．Anything C．Something D．Everything 3．A．blossom B．to blossom C．die D．to die 4．A．when B．so C．or D．but 5．A．sad B．sadly C．real D．really 6．A．us B．our C．them D．their 7．A．work B．will work C．are working D．worked 8．A．bee B．bees C．flower D．flowers 9．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 10．A．was B．were C．is D．are 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$