期末语法分层训练 2025-2026学年外研版八年级英语下册

**基本信息** 该专项通过A/B/C分层设计，从语法筑基到培优拓展，系统覆盖八年级下册核心语法点，依托基础巩固、能力提升到综合运用的递进训练，培养语言能力与思维品质，强化备考针对性。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |A层|单项选择（15题）、词形填空（10题）等|聚焦基础语法定义与基本句式，如现在完成时标志词、there be主谓一致|从核心概念（时态定义）到简单应用（句型转换），构建语法基础框架| |B层|单项选择（15题）、语法填空（10空）等|强化语法混搭与易错点辨析，如现在完成时与一般过去时区分、非谓语doing/to do辨析|在基础上拓展规则交叉运用，培养语境分析能力| |C层|单项选择（14题）、完形填空（10空）等|考查高阶语法综合运用，如双重比较级、隐性否定反义疑问句|整合多语法点（时态+从句），提升复杂语境中的语法迁移能力|

八年级（外研版）下册英语期末语法分层训练 A层 语法筑基 现在完成时基础定义、标志词与基本句式、have been to/have gone to/have been in基础辨析、一般现在时/一般过去时基础时态区分、时间/地点/方式类基础介词搭配、there be句型基本主谓一致、基础情态动词（must/should/can表能力与义务）、基础非谓语固定搭配（hope to do/try to do等不定式基础用法）、基础句型转换（陈述句与肯否句、一般疑问句、基础特殊疑问句转换）。 B层 能力提高 现在完成时与一般过去时/一般现在时混搭辨析、常规主谓一致（单数/复数主语规则）、高频非谓语易错辨析（remember/stop doing/to do区分）、基础反义疑问句、六大状语从句核心用法（if条件/though让步/because原因/so that目的/so...that结果/until时间）、主将从现时态规则、八下高频固定短语与固定搭配辨析、时态类单句改错、too...to...基础句式、四大花费动词（spend/cost/take/pay）辨析。 C层 培优拓展 the+比较级，the+比较级双重比较级句型、就近/就远双原则主谓一致（either...or/neither...nor/not only...but also）、隐性否定词（never/few/little/hardly）反义疑问句、宾语从句陈述语序+主过从必过时态推移、简单句与复合句合并互换、prefer高阶全套句型、情态动词表推测（must/can/can’t/may）辨析、现在完成时延续性与非延续动词转换、多时态综合混搭运用、祈使句并列句型高阶用法。 A层 语法筑基 一、单项选择 1. My father ________ a professional engineer for over ten years. A. is B. was C. has been D. will be 答案：C 解析：本题考查现在完成时的延续性用法。“for+一段时间”是现在完成时的典型标志，用于表示动作从过去开始，持续到现在，需使用have/has+过去分词结构。本句主语为单数，因此用has been。 2. I feel upset ________ I failed to finish my team task on time. A. so B. because C. but D. though 答案：B 解析：本题考查原因状语从句。because为引导原因状语从句的连词，用于直接引出主句动作发生的原因，语气最强。句中“无法按时完成团队任务”是心情低落的直接原因，因此选用because。 3. Working with partners ________ us improve our communication skills. A. help B. helps C. helped D. has helped 答案：B 解析：本题考查主谓一致规则。动名词、动名词短语作句子主语时，视作单数主语。本句描述合作的普遍益处，属于客观事实，时态使用一般现在时，因此谓语动词用第三人称单数形式helps。 4. — Have you ________ been to the nature reserve? — Yes, I have. A. ever B. never C. just D. yet 答案：A 解析：本题考查现在完成时常用副词辨析。ever多用于疑问句，意为“曾经”；never表否定“从未”，just表“刚刚”，yet多用于否定句和疑问句末尾。根据一般疑问句句式，此处用ever。 5. She ________ Beijing twice, so she knows the city well. A. has been to B. has gone to C. has been in D. went to 答案：A 解析：本题考查现在完成时固定短语辨析。has been to 表示“去过某地，现已返回”，可搭配次数状语；has gone to 表示“去了某地，未返回”；has been in 表示“在某地待了多久”，常搭配时间段。句中twice为次数，对应has been to。 6. We must get up early ________ we can catch the early bus. A. because B. so that C. though D. if 答案：B 解析：本题考查目的状语从句。so that 引导目的状语从句，意为“为了、以便”，用于说明主句动作的目的。句中早起是为了赶上早班车，符合该用法。 7. This movie is ________ interesting that I want to watch it again. A. so B. such C. too D. very 答案：A 解析：本题考查结果状语从句基础结构。so+形容词/副词+that从句，意为“如此……以至于……”，用于表述动作或状态带来的结果。such后接名词短语，不可直接修饰形容词，因此选so。 8. He is ________ student in our class and he always helps others. A. kind B. kinder C. the kindest D. kindest 答案：C 解析：本题考查形容词最高级用法。三者及以上范围比较用最高级，形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the。句中in our class为大范围比较场景，需用the kindest。 9. I ________ two hours finishing my homework yesterday. A. spent B. cost C. took D. paid 答案：A 解析：本题考查四组花费动词辨析。spend主语为人，固定搭配spend time/money (in) doing sth.；cost主语为物；take多用于it作形式主语的句型；pay常与for连用。本句主语为人、后接动名词，因此用spent。 10. Our teacher always tells us ________ well with teammates in group work. A. get on B. to get on C. getting on D. got on 答案：B 解析：本题考查非谓语动词固定搭配。tell sb. to do sth. 是固定用法，意为“告诉某人做某事”，不定式在此处作宾语补足语，为初中阶段核心固定句型。 11. I hope ________ a social volunteer to help more people in need. A. be B. to be C. being D. was 答案：B 解析：本题考查非谓语动词固定搭配。hope to do sth. 为固定搭配，意为“希望做某事”，hope后只能接动词不定式作宾语，不可以接动名词。 12. ________ the weather is terrible, the volunteers still stick to their work. A. Because B. If C. Though D. So 答案：C 解析：本题考查让步状语从句。though是引导让步状语从句的连词，意为“虽然、尽管”，用于引导让步关系，表转折含义，符合“天气恶劣但志愿者坚持工作”的语境逻辑。 13. If the weather ________ fine tomorrow, we will go on a nature trip. A. is B. was C. will be D. has been 答案：A 解析：本题考查条件状语从句时态规则。if引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句使用一般现在时表将来，因此从句谓语用is。 14. — Must we finish the work now? — No, you ________. A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. can’t D. shouldn’t 答案：B 解析：本题考查情态动词一般疑问句的回答。以Must开头的疑问句，表“必须”，其肯定回答用must，否定回答统一用needn’t，意为“不必”，mustn’t表示“禁止”，不符合本题语境。 15. There are many kinds of wild plants ________ the nature reserve. A. in B. on C. at D. of 答案：A 解析：本题考查固定介词搭配。in the nature reserve 是固定场景搭配，意为“在自然保护区内”，用于描述在某个封闭、大范围的场所内部。 二、词形填空 16. He ________ (dream) of becoming a wildlife protector since he was a child. 答案：has dreamt 解析：本题考查现在完成时延续用法。since引导一般过去时从句，主句用现在完成时，表动作从过去持续至今。主语He为第三人称单数，谓语用has+过去分词，dream的过去分词为dreamt。 17. This is one of the ________ (beautiful) parks in our city. 答案：most beautiful 解析：本题考查形容词最高级固定句型。“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 复数名词”为高频结构，意为“最……之一”。beautiful为多音节词，最高级形式为most beautiful。 18. I am glad ________ (join) the school environmental protection team. 答案：to join 解析：本题考查固定搭配。be glad to do sth. 意为“很高兴做某事”，不定式作原因状语。 19. They ________ (plant) trees three times this year. 答案：have planted 解析：本题考查现在完成时。three times（三次）为现在完成时标志，表动作累计次数及对现在的影响。主语They为复数，谓语用have+过去分词。 20. We ________ (take) part in a voluntary activity this Sunday. 答案：will take / are going to take 解析：本题考查一般将来时。this Sunday为将来时间状语，用于描述计划好的未来动作，will do与be going to do两种形式均正确。 21. She feels ________ (relax) when she does voluntary work. 答案：relaxed 解析：本题考查-ed/-ing形容词辨析。-ed形容词修饰人，表主观感受；-ing形容词修饰事物，表事物属性。本句主语是人，故填relaxed。 22. Thank you for ________ (support) our public welfare activities. 答案：supporting 解析：本题考查介词用法。介词for后接动词，必须使用动名词形式。 23. Our teacher says nature ________ (be) the treasure of humans. 答案：is 解析：本题考查宾语从句时态特例。从句表述客观真理、自然事实时，不受主句时态影响，统一用一般现在时。 24. He studies hard ________ (make) his dream come true. 答案：to make 解析：本题考查不定式作目的状语。不定式置于主句后，用于说明主句动作的目的。 25. Teamwork helps us ________ (improve) our abilities. 答案：(to) improve 解析：本题考查固定搭配。help sb. (to) do sth. 中不定式符号to可省略，两种形式均正确。 三、句型转换 26. I want to be a social volunteer in the future.（改为一般疑问句） 答案：Do you want to be a social volunteer in the future? 解析：本题考查一般现在时陈述句变一般疑问句。一二人称互换，实义动词借助助动词Do，动词保持原形。 27. She takes part in community service every weekend.（改为否定句） 答案：She doesn’t take part in community service every weekend. 解析：本题考查一般现在时否定句。主语为第三人称单数，实义动词变否定借助doesn’t，动词还原原形。 28. He has been to Shanghai twice.（对划线部分提问） 答案：How many times has he been to Shanghai? 解析：本题考查现在完成时特殊疑问句。划线次数用How many times提问，剩余部分改为一般疑问句语序。 29. He is proud because he helps his team succeed.（对划线部分提问） 答案：Why is he proud? 解析：本题考查原因状语提问。划线部分表原因，用Why提问，含系动词is，直接将系动词提前。 30. The box is so heavy that I can’t carry it.（同义句转换） 答案：The box is too heavy for me to carry. 解析：本题考查句型互换。so...that...否定结果句型，可转换为too...to...（太……而不能……）简单句。 31. Working in groups is meaningful for students.（改为同义句） 答案：It is meaningful for students to work in groups. 解析：本题考查it作形式主语。动名词作主语可转换为“It is + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth.”标准句型。 32. I can finish the team task independently.（改为否定句） 答案：I can’t finish the team task independently. 解析：本题考查情态动词否定句。含can的句子变否定，直接加not（缩写can’t），动词用原形。 33. We improve our skills by learning from teammates.（对划线部分提问） 答案：How do you improve your skills? 解析：本题考查方式状语提问。划线部分表做事方式，用How提问，一二人称互换，借助助动词do。 34. This is the best book in our shop.（改为比较级同义句） 答案：This book is better than any other book in our shop. 解析：本题考查最高级与比较级互换。同一范围最高级可转换为“比较级+than any other+单数名词”结构。 35. She wants to be an environmentalist.（对划线部分提问） 答案：What does she want to be? 解析：本题考查身份职业提问。划线表职业身份，用What提问，主语三单借助does，动词还原原形。 四、短文填空 culture, teamwork, improve, tradition, study, happy, protect, because, future, active I have realized the importance of ____36____ recently. At school, we not only ____37____ knowledge but also learn traditional ____38____ and local culture. We take ____39____ part in all kinds of cultural activities to ____40____ ourselves. I love our traditional ____41____. They show the beauty of our country. I feel ____42____ to learn and spread Chinese culture. I work hard every day ____43____ I want to be a cultural promoter in the ____44____ and ____45____ our traditional culture well. 答案与解析： 36. teamwork：语境名词运用，对应团队成长主题，表团队合作的重要性； 37. study：一般现在时，指在校学习知识； 38. culture：traditional culture 固定搭配，意为“传统文化”； 39. active：take an active part in 固定短语，意为“积极参加”； 40. improve：不定式表目的，参与活动旨在提升自我； 41. traditions：名词复数泛指各类传统习俗； 42. happy：形容词作表语，形容学习传播文化的愉悦感受； 43. because：连词引导原因状语从句，解释努力学习的缘由； 44. future：in the future 固定搭配，意为“在未来”； 45. protect：并列动词，与前文并列，表守护传统文化。 B层 能力提高 一、单项选择 1. — ________ have you joined the volunteer group? — Since three years ago. A. How long B. How often C. How far D. How soon 答案：A 解析：本题考查特殊疑问词辨析。how long用于询问动作或状态持续的时长，常与since、for引导的答语搭配；how often询问频率，how far询问距离，how soon询问将来多久。根据答语可知问句询问时长，故选how long。 2. You ________ respect your teammates’ opinions when working in groups. A. should B. can C. may D. could 答案：A 解析：本题考查情态动词用法。should意为“应该”，多用于提出建议、表达责任与义务，语气委婉，符合团队合作中尊重他人观点的语境。can、may、could多表许可或可能性，不符合题意。 3. It ________ be Tom. He has gone to Beijing. A. must B. may C. can’t D. could 答案：C 解析：本题考查情态动词表推测的用法。can’t用于否定推测，表示“不可能”；must用于肯定推测，表示“一定、肯定”。根据后句“他去了北京”，可确定此人不可能在场，用can’t。 4. You can’t leave the classroom ________ you finish your group task. A. if B. until C. because D. though 答案：B 解析：本题考查时间状语从句固定句型。not...until... 为核心固定结构，意为“直到……才……”，用于引导时间状语从句，贴合“完成任务方可离开教室”的语境。 5. ________ you practice teamwork, ________ cooperative you will be. A. The more; the more B. More; more C. The more; more D. More; the more 答案：A 解析：本题考查比较级固定递进结构。“the+比较级，the+比较级”是固定句型，意为“越……，就越……”，用于表达程度递进，前后结构必须保持一致，因此选The more; the more。 6. I remember ________ the window, but it’s open now. A. close B. closing C. to close D. closed 答案：B 解析：本题考查非谓语动词易混辨析。remember doing sth. 表示“记得做过某事（动作已完成）”；remember to do sth. 表示“记得要做某事（动作未发生）”。根据后句“窗户现在是开着的”，可知关窗户的动作已完成，用动名词形式。 7. We have gained rich experience ________ we started group cooperation. A. since B. for C. before D. after 答案：A 解析：本题考查现在完成时连词搭配。since引导过去时间节点或过去时态句子，用于现在完成时句中，表动作从过去延续至今；for后接时间段，本句符合since的用法场景。 8. The book ________ me 20 yuan yesterday. A. spent B. took C. cost D. paid 答案：C 解析：本题考查花费动词辨析。cost的主语必须是物品，侧重表示“某物花费某人多少钱”；其余三个单词主语均不能为单纯物品，本句主语the book为物品，因此用cost。 9. — Must we hand in our team report today? — No, you ________. You can hand it in tomorrow. A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. can’t D. shouldn’t 答案：B 解析：本题考查情态动词一般疑问句回答规则。以Must引导的疑问句，否定回答用needn’t，意为“不必”，表示没有强制要求；mustn’t表“禁止、绝不允许”，语义过重，不符合语境。 10. He is ________ shy to express his ideas in front of the team. A. too B. so C. very D. quite 答案：A 解析：本题考查固定句型。too+形容词/副词+to do sth. 意为“太……而不能……”，用于表达否定结果，本句指“太害羞而不敢表达想法”，符合语境。 11. I prefer reading books ________ watching TV. A. than B. to C. for D. with 答案：B 解析：本题考查prefer固定句型。prefer A to B 为固定搭配，意为“比起B，更喜欢A”，A、B两处需为词性一致的名词或动名词形式。 12. ________ we unite together, we can overcome any difficulty. A. As long as B. As soon as C. Though D. Because 答案：A 解析：本题考查条件状语从句引导词。as long as意为“只要”，引导条件状语从句，表达成结果的必要条件，符合“只要团结，就能克服困难”的逻辑。 13. Either you or your brother ________ to clean the room today. A. have B. is C. are D. has 答案：D 解析：本题考查主谓一致就近原则。either...or... 连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式由就近的主语决定。本句就近主语为your brother（单数），因此谓语用has。 14. The video ________ teaches us team spirit is very educational. A. what B. which C. who D. where 答案：B 解析：本题考查定语从句关系代词。先行词the video为事物，关系代词可用which或that，在从句中作主语；what不能引导定语从句，who指代人，where作状语，均不符合要求。 15. He missed the activity yesterday ________ the heavy rain. A. because B. but C. so D. because of 答案：D 解析：本题考查原因表达辨析。because为连词，后接完整句子；because of为介词短语，后接名词、名词短语或代词。本句the heavy rain为名词短语，因此用because of。 二、语法填空 Teamwork plays an important role in our growing process. In our school life, we take part in many group activities and we should try our best16________ (cooperate) with our classmates. If everyone 17________ (try) their best in a team, we will surely get better results and make progress together. There are 18________ (wonder) group activities in our school that all students like taking part in them. We need to learn traditional culture 19________ (we) in group learning to improve ourselves all the time. 20________ we keep learning and cooperating with others, we 21________ (become) more excellent teenagers soon. In our daily growth, nothing is 22________ (important) than teamwork and personal progress. We can also learn how 23________ (communicate) with different people in group work. True teamwork makes it possible for us 24________ (overcome) various difficulties. All in all, teamwork is the key to 25________ (achieve) our dreams. 答案与解析： 16. 答案：to cooperate 解析：考查非谓语动词固定搭配。try one’s best to do sth. 为固定句型，意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”，不定式作宾语。 17. 答案：tries 解析：考查一般现在时主谓一致。if引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”规则；everyone为不定代词，作主语时谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 18. 答案：wonderful 解析：考查形容词词性转换。修饰名词activities需用形容词，wonder的形容词形式为wonderful，意为“精彩的、极好的”。 19. 答案：ourselves 解析：考查反身代词。by oneself为固定搭配，此处省略by，主语为we，对应反身代词ourselves，表“自主学习”。 20. 答案：If 解析：考查连词用法。引导条件状语从句，表“如果我们坚持学习合作”，贴合主将从现句式逻辑，句首首字母大写。 21. 答案：will become 解析：考查一般将来时。if条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”，从句为一般现在时，主句用一般将来时will+动词原形。 22. 答案：more important 解析：考查形容词比较级。than是比较级的标志性词汇，important为多音节形容词，比较级需加more。 23. 答案：to communicate 解析：考查非谓语动词固定结构。“疑问词+不定式”how to do sth. 作宾语。 24. 答案：to overcome 解析：考查不定式固定句型。make it possible for sb. to do sth. 意为“使某人做某事成为可能”，it为形式宾语，不定式为真正宾语。 25. 答案：achieving 解析：考查介词后非谓语用法。the key to doing sth. 为固定搭配，此处to是介词，后接动名词形式。 三、单句改错 26. I am looking forward to take part in the team competition. 答案：take→taking 解析：look forward to 中to为介词，后接动名词形式，故take改为taking。 27. Neither my parents nor my sister like doing voluntary work. 答案：like→likes 解析：本题考查主谓一致就近原则。neither...nor...连接主语，谓语随就近主语my sister（单数）变化，谓语用三单likes。 28. I prefer to swim than run in my free time. 答案：than→rather than 解析：prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 为固定结构，表“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”。 29. He is such tired that he can’t finish the task. 答案：such→so 解析：本题考查so/such辨析。so修饰形容词/副词，such修饰名词短语，空格后为形容词tired，故用so。 30. I remember to lock the door, but it’s open now. 答案：to lock→locking 解析：本题考查非谓语辨析。remember doing sth. 表“记得做过某事（动作已完成）”；remember to do sth. 表“未做”。根据门已开的语境，动作已完成，用locking。 31. If it will rain tomorrow, we will put off the trip. 答案：will rain→rains 解析：本题考查主将从现。if条件状语从句，主句将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来，主语it为单数，谓语用rains。 32. It is important of teenagers to build team spirit. 答案：of→for 解析：It’s + adj. + for/of sb. to do sth.，形容事物性质用for，形容人物品质用of。important形容事情，故用for。 33. He mustn’t be at home, for the light is off. 答案：mustn’t→can’t 解析：can’t表否定推测“不可能”；mustn’t仅表“禁止”，不用于推测语境。 34. One of the student is good at traditional painting. 答案：student→students 解析：one of 后接可数名词复数，表“……之一”。 35. He spent 30 minutes to finish his task. 答案：to finish→finishing 解析：spend time (in) doing sth. 为固定用法，spend后接动名词。 四、书面表达 My Favourite Traditional Culture 写作要点：1. 你最喜欢的传统文化形式；2. 学习传统文化的经历；3. 传承传统文化的感悟。 参考范文： My Favourite Traditional Culture Chinese traditional culture is rich and colorful. Among all kinds of traditional arts, I like paper-cutting best. It is a famous traditional folk art with a long history in China. I first learned paper-cutting from my grandma when I was seven years old. At first, I was not good at it. I always cut the paper wrong and failed to make beautiful patterns. But I didn’t give up. I kept practicing in my free time. Gradually, I could cut out flowers, animals and different Chinese characters. In my opinion, traditional culture is the treasure of our nation. Paper-cutting not only brings me happiness, but also makes me know more about Chinese traditional customs. As teenagers, we should learn and spread traditional culture well, and let the beauty of traditional culture pass down from generation to generation. C层 培优拓展 一、单项选择 1. — How long have you been in the green club? — ________ I entered Grade Eight. A. For B. Since C. In D. At 答案：B 解析：本题考查现在完成时时间标志词。since后接过去的时间点或一般过去时句子，用于现在完成时，表动作从过去持续至今；for后接时间段，in、at不用于完成时语境，因此选since。 2. ________ you keep cooperating with your team, you will make steady progress. A. Unless B. If C. Though D. Until 答案：B 解析：本题考查条件状语从句时态规则。if引导条件状语从句，严格遵循主将从现原则，从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，贴合“坚持合作就会进步”的假设语境。 3. I really don’t know ________ we can do to improve our teamwork. A. how B. what C. when D. where 答案：B 解析：本题考查宾语从句引导词。宾语从句中do为及物动词，缺少宾语成分。what可在从句中作宾语，指代事物；how、when、where仅作状语，无法充当宾语，因此选what。 4. He has never joined voluntary activities, ________? A. has he B. hasn’t he C. does he D. doesn’t he 答案：A 解析：本题考查反义疑问句规则。反义疑问句遵循“前肯后否、前否后肯”原则，never为否定意义词汇，因此前半句为否定形式，后半句用肯定形式。句子时态为现在完成时，助动词用has，故选has he。 5. The more we cooperate, ________ achievements we will get. A. more B. the more C. much D. the much 答案：B 解析：本题考查比较级递进固定句型。“the+比较级，the+比较级”表递进含义，空格后为名词复数，需用the more修饰，构成完整固定结构。 6. You ________ finish the task at once, but you must hand it in on time. A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. can’t D. shouldn’t 答案：A 解析：本题考查情态动词词义辨析。needn’t意为“不必”，表示无强制要求；mustn’t表“禁止”，can’t表“不能”，shouldn’t表“不应该”。根据“可按时上交，无需立刻完成”的语境，选needn’t。 7. This story is ________ more interesting than that one. A. very B. much C. so D. quite 答案：B 解析：本题考查比较级修饰词用法。much、far、a little等词可用于修饰形容词比较级，用来加强或弱化比较的程度；very、so、quite不可直接修饰比较级，因此选much。 8. She wondered if her team ________ win the competition the next day. A. will B. would C. can D. could 答案：B 解析：主句谓语wondered为一般过去时，遵循“主过从必过”原则，从句原本的一般将来时 will 需倒退为过去将来时 would，故选would。 9. He is ________ a kind boy ________ everyone likes him. A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. enough; to 答案：B 解析：本题考查结果状语从句高阶用法。such后接“a/an+形容词+单数名词”名词短语，that引导结果状语从句；so后接形容词，本句中心词为boy（名词），因此用such...that...结构。 10. Keep communicating with teammates, ________ you will improve your cooperation ability. A. or B. and C. but D. so 答案：B 解析：本题考查祈使句固定句型。“祈使句+and+陈述句”表顺承结果，意为“做某事就会……”；or表转折，贴合坚持交流就会提升能力的顺承逻辑，因此选and。 11. He used to ________ alone, but now he enjoys teamwork. A. work B. working C. worked D. works 答案：A 解析：本题考查used to固定句型。used to do sth. 意为“过去常常做某事”，用于对比今昔状态，to后接动词原形，无变形，因此选work。 12. We should try our best ________ the ecological environment. A. protect B. to protect C. protecting D. protected 答案：B 解析：本题考查非谓语动词固定搭配。try one’s best to do sth. 为核心固定句型，意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”，不定式作目的状语。 13. Few students refuse to protect nature, ________? A. do they B. don’t they C. are they D. aren’t they 答案：A 解析：本题考查反义疑问句特殊规则。few表示“几乎没有”，属于否定意义词汇，主句为否定含义，反义疑问句遵循前否后肯原则。主句谓语为实义动词，时态为一般现在时，助动词用do，故选do they。 14. Neither he nor I ________ good at playing the piano. A. is B. am C. are D. be 答案：B 解析：本题考查主谓一致就近原则。neither...nor... 连接两个主语时，谓语动词随就近的主语变化。本句就近主语为I，对应的be动词用am，是主谓一致核心考点。 二、句型转换 15. He takes part in various team activities every semester.（改为否定句） 答案：He doesn’t take part in various team activities every semester. 解析：一般现在时否定句，主语he为三单，借助doesn’t变否定，动词还原原形。 16. I will go on a nature study trip next month.（对划线部分提问） 答案：When will you go on a nature study trip ? 解析：一般将来时特殊疑问句，划线将来时间用When提问，助动词will提前，一二人称互换。 17. Working together is very important for students.（改为同义句） 答案：It is very important for students to work together. 解析：it形式主语句型转换，动名词作主语可替换为It is + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth. 句型。 18. Will our team win the competition?（合并为宾语从句） 答案：I wonder if our team will win the competition. 解析：一般疑问句合并宾语从句，用if引导，从句改为陈述语序，时态一致。 19. The movie is so moving that it makes many people cry.（同义句转换） 答案：The movie is moving enough to make many people cry. 解析：so...that...结果从句转换为“形容词+enough to do”结构，表“足够……以至于……”。 20. She has finished her team task.（改为一般疑问句） 答案：Has she finished her team task? 解析：现在完成时一般疑问句，助动词has提前，其余结构不变。 21. We should respect and help our teammates.（改为被动语态） 答案：Our teammates should be respected and helped by us. 解析：情态动词被动语态，结构为“情态动词+be+过去分词”，主动变被动，宾语前置作主语。 22. He prefers to do sports rather than stay at home.（改为同义句） 答案：He prefers doing sports to staying at home. 解析：本题考查prefer高阶句型互换。prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 与prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 可同义转换，均表示“宁愿做某事、更喜欢做某事”。 23. The little boy is so young that he can’t look after himself.（同义句转换） 答案：The little boy is too young to look after himself. 解析：本题考查结果状语从句与简单句互换。so...that...表否定结果的句式，可固定转换为too...to...结构，意为“太……而不能……”。 24. They have lived in the village for ten years.（对划线部分提问） 答案：How long have they lived in the village? 解析：本题考查现在完成时特殊疑问句。for+时间段表时长，用How long提问，剩余部分改为现在完成时一般疑问句语序。 三、完形填空 Protecting the environment is one of the most important tasks for teenagers. Our school has 25________ an environmental protection club for two years. I have been a 26________ of the club since last year. At first, I knew 27________ about environmental protection. My teachers and teammates taught me many useful skills and knowledge. We often organize different kinds of 28________ activities. We pick up rubbish in the community, plant young trees and give speeches to tell people the 29________ of protecting nature. Last month, we 30________ part in a city-wide green activity. It was tiring but 31________. We learned that teamwork can help us finish difficult tasks better and faster. Up to now, I 32________ lots of changes around me. More people begin to pay attention to low-carbon life. I believe 33________ we keep working together, our world will become much 34________ and more beautiful. 选项 25. A. open B. opened C. has opened D. been open 26. A. member B. student C. friend D. volunteer 27. A. everything B. nothing C. something D. anything 28. A. voluntary B. boring C. difficult D. useless 29. A. difference B. importance C. difficulty D. trouble 30. A. take B. took C. have taken D. will take 31. A. sad B. relaxing C. meaningful D. dangerous 32. A. see B. saw C. have seen D. will see 33. A. if B. unless C. though D. because 34. A. clean B. cleaner C. cleanest D. the cleanest 答案与解析 25. 答案：D 解析：本题考查现在完成时延续性用法。open为短暂性动词，不能与for+时间段连用，需转换为延续性状态be open，本句为现在完成时，因此用been open。 26. 答案：A 解析：固定搭配a member of... 意为“……的一员”，贴合“加入环保社团”的语境，为固定场景词汇运用。 27. 答案：B 解析：不定代词辨析。know nothing about 意为“对……一无所知”，对应后文老师和队友教导自己知识的转折语境。 28. 答案：A 解析：形容词词义辨析。voluntary意为“志愿的、公益的”，全文围绕环保志愿活动展开，符合主旨；boring无聊的、difficult困难的、useless无用的均与语境不符。 29. 答案：B 解析：名词词义辨析。the importance of protecting nature 意为“保护环境的重要性”，是环保话题高频固定搭配。 30. 答案：B 解析：一般过去时用法。last month（上个月）为过去时间状语，谓语动词用过去式，take的过去式为took。 31. 答案：C 解析：形容词语境辨析。but表转折，前文tiring（累的），后文应填褒义形容词，meaningful（有意义的）贴合公益活动的价值；sad悲伤的、relaxing放松的、dangerous危险的均不符。 32. 答案：C 解析：现在完成时标志词。up to now（迄今为止）是现在完成时核心标志，强调过去动作对现在造成的影响，因此用have seen。 33. 答案：A 解析：条件状语从句引导词。if意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句，表“如果我们持续努力，世界会更美好”的假设逻辑。 34. 答案：B 解析：比较级用法。and连接并列比较级，后文为more beautiful，前文需用比较级cleaner，much可修饰比较级加强程度。 四、书面表达 Environmental Protection in Our Daily Life 写作要求：1. 简述当下环境现状；2. 列举日常环保做法；3. 抒发个人感悟与呼吁；4. 词数80-100，句式丰富、语法准确。 参考范文 Environmental Protection in Our Daily Life As we all know, the environment is getting worse in some places. It is our duty to protect our home planet. We can do many simple things to go green in our daily life. First, we should save water and electricity in our daily study and life. Second, we’d better reuse things instead of throwing them away. Third, it’s helpful to take part in tree-planting activities and clean community streets. What’s more, we can call on more people to protect nature together. Small actions make a big difference. If everyone tries their best to protect the environment, our world will become greener and more beautiful. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 八年级（外研版）下册英语期末语法分层训练 A层 语法筑基 现在完成时基础定义、标志词与基本句式、have been to/have gone to/have been in基础辨析、一般现在时/一般过去时基础时态区分、时间/地点/方式类基础介词搭配、there be句型基本主谓一致、基础情态动词（must/should/can表能力与义务）、基础非谓语固定搭配（hope to do/try to do等不定式基础用法）、基础句型转换（陈述句与肯否句、一般疑问句、基础特殊疑问句转换）。 B层 能力提高 现在完成时与一般过去时/一般现在时混搭辨析、常规主谓一致（单数/复数主语规则）、高频非谓语易错辨析（remember/stop doing/to do区分）、基础反义疑问句、六大状语从句核心用法（if条件/though让步/because原因/so that目的/so...that结果/until时间）、主将从现时态规则、八下高频固定短语与固定搭配辨析、时态类单句改错、too...to...基础句式、四大花费动词（spend/cost/take/pay）辨析。 C层 培优拓展 the+比较级，the+比较级双重比较级句型、就近/就远双原则主谓一致（either...or/neither...nor/not only...but also）、隐性否定词（never/few/little/hardly）反义疑问句、宾语从句陈述语序+主过从必过时态推移、简单句与复合句合并互换、prefer高阶全套句型、情态动词表推测（must/can/can’t/may）辨析、现在完成时延续性与非延续动词转换、多时态综合混搭运用、祈使句并列句型高阶用法。 A层 语法筑基 一、单项选择 1. My father ________ a professional engineer for over ten years. A. is B. was C. has been D. will be 2. I feel upset ________ I failed to finish my team task on time. A. so B. because C. but D. though 3. Working with partners ________ us improve our communication skills. A. help B. helps C. helped D. has helped 4. — Have you ________ been to the nature reserve? — Yes, I have. A. ever B. never C. just D. yet 5. She ________ Beijing twice, so she knows the city well. A. has been to B. has gone to C. has been in D. went to 6. We must get up early ________ we can catch the early bus. A. because B. so that C. though D. if 7. This movie is ________ interesting that I want to watch it again. A. so B. such C. too D. very 8. He is ________ student in our class and he always helps others. A. kind B. kinder C. the kindest D. kindest 9. I ________ two hours finishing my homework yesterday. A. spent B. cost C. took D. paid 10. Our teacher always tells us ________ well with teammates in group work. A. get on B. to get on C. getting on D. got on 11. I hope ________ a social volunteer to help more people in need. A. be B. to be C. being D. was 12. ________ the weather is terrible, the volunteers still stick to their work. A. Because B. If C. Though D. So 13. If the weather ________ fine tomorrow, we will go on a nature trip. A. is B. was C. will be D. has been 14. — Must we finish the work now? — No, you ________. A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. can’t D. shouldn’t 15. There are many kinds of wild plants ________ the nature reserve. A. in B. on C. at D. of 二、词形填空 16. He ________ (dream) of becoming a wildlife protector since he was a child. 17. This is one of the ________ (beautiful) parks in our city. 18. I am glad ________ (join) the school environmental protection team. 19. They ________ (plant) trees three times this year. 20. We ________ (take) part in a voluntary activity this Sunday. 21. She feels ________ (relax) when she does voluntary work. 22. Thank you for ________ (support) our public welfare activities. 23. Our teacher says nature ________ (be) the treasure of humans. 24. He studies hard ________ (make) his dream come true. 25. Teamwork helps us ________ (improve) our abilities. 三、句型转换 26. I want to be a social volunteer in the future.（改为一般疑问句） 27. She takes part in community service every weekend.（改为否定句） 28. He has been to Shanghai twice.（对划线部分提问） 29. He is proud because he helps his team succeed.（对划线部分提问） 30. The box is so heavy that I can’t carry it.（同义句转换） 31. Working in groups is meaningful for students.（改为同义句） 32. I can finish the team task independently.（改为否定句） 33. We improve our skills by learning from teammates.（对划线部分提问） 34. This is the best book in our shop.（改为比较级同义句） 35. She wants to be an environmentalist.（对划线部分提问） 四、短文填空 culture, teamwork, improve, tradition, study, happy, protect, because, future, active I have realized the importance of ____36____ recently. At school, we not only ____37____ knowledge but also learn traditional ____38____ and local culture. We take ____39____ part in all kinds of cultural activities to ____40____ ourselves. I love our traditional ____41____. They show the beauty of our country. I feel ____42____ to learn and spread Chinese culture. I work hard every day ____43____ I want to be a cultural promoter in the ____44____ and ____45____ our traditional culture well. B层 能力提高 一、单项选择 1. — ________ have you joined the volunteer group? — Since three years ago. A. How long B. How often C. How far D. How soon 2. You ________ respect your teammates’ opinions when working in groups. A. should B. can C. may D. could 3. It ________ be Tom. He has gone to Beijing. A. must B. may C. can’t D. could 4. You can’t leave the classroom ________ you finish your group task. A. if B. until C. because D. though 5. ________ you practice teamwork, ________ cooperative you will be. A. The more; the more B. More; more C. The more; more D. More; the more 6. I remember ________ the window, but it’s open now. A. close B. closing C. to close D. closed 7. We have gained rich experience ________ we started group cooperation. A. since B. for C. before D. after 8. The book ________ me 20 yuan yesterday. A. spent B. took C. cost D. paid 9. — Must we hand in our team report today? — No, you ________. You can hand it in tomorrow. A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. can’t D. shouldn’t 10. He is ________ shy to express his ideas in front of the team. A. too B. so C. very D. quite 11. I prefer reading books ________ watching TV. A. than B. to C. for D. with 12. ________ we unite together, we can overcome any difficulty. A. As long as B. As soon as C. Though D. Because 13. Either you or your brother ________ to clean the room today. A. have B. is C. are D. has 14. The video ________ teaches us team spirit is very educational. A. what B. which C. who D. where 15. He missed the activity yesterday ________ the heavy rain. A. because B. but C. so D. because of 二、语法填空 Teamwork plays an important role in our growing process. In our school life, we take part in many group activities and we should try our best16________ (cooperate) with our classmates. If everyone 17________ (try) their best in a team, we will surely get better results and make progress together. There are 18________ (wonder) group activities in our school that all students like taking part in them. We need to learn traditional culture 19________ (we) in group learning to improve ourselves all the time. 20________ we keep learning and cooperating with others, we 21________ (become) more excellent teenagers soon. In our daily growth, nothing is 22________ (important) than teamwork and personal progress. We can also learn how 23________ (communicate) with different people in group work. True teamwork makes it possible for us 24________ (overcome) various difficulties. All in all, teamwork is the key to 25________ (achieve) our dreams. 三、单句改错 26. I am looking forward to take part in the team competition. 27. Neither my parents nor my sister like doing voluntary work. 28. I prefer to swim than run in my free time. 29. He is such tired that he can’t finish the task. 30. I remember to lock the door, but it’s open now. 31. If it will rain tomorrow, we will put off the trip. 32. It is important of teenagers to build team spirit. 33. He mustn’t be at home, for the light is off. 34. One of the student is good at traditional painting. 35. He spent 30 minutes to finish his task. 四、书面表达 My Favourite Traditional Culture 写作要点：1. 你最喜欢的传统文化形式；2. 学习传统文化的经历；3. 传承传统文化的感悟。 参考范文： C层 培优拓展 一、单项选择 1. — How long have you been in the green club? — ________ I entered Grade Eight. A. For B. Since C. In D. At 2. ________ you keep cooperating with your team, you will make steady progress. A. Unless B. If C. Though D. Until 3. I really don’t know ________ we can do to improve our teamwork. A. how B. what C. when D. where 4. He has never joined voluntary activities, ________? A. has he B. hasn’t he C. does he D. doesn’t he 5. The more we cooperate, ________ achievements we will get. A. more B. the more C. much D. the much 6. You ________ finish the task at once, but you must hand it in on time. A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. can’t D. shouldn’t 7. This story is ________ more interesting than that one. A. very B. much C. so D. quite 8. She wondered if her team ________ win the competition the next day. A. will B. would C. can D. could 9. He is ________ a kind boy ________ everyone likes him. A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. enough; to 10. Keep communicating with teammates, ________ you will improve your cooperation ability. A. or B. and C. but D. so 11. He used to ________ alone, but now he enjoys teamwork. A. work B. working C. worked D. works 12. We should try our best ________ the ecological environment. A. protect B. to protect C. protecting D. protected 13. Few students refuse to protect nature, ________? A. do they B. don’t they C. are they D. aren’t they 14. Neither he nor I ________ good at playing the piano. A. is B. am C. are D. be 二、句型转换 15. He takes part in various team activities every semester.（改为否定句） 16. I will go on a nature study trip next month.（对划线部分提问） 17. Working together is very important for students.（改为同义句） 18. Will our team win the competition?（合并为宾语从句） 19. The movie is so moving that it makes many people cry.（同义句转换） 20. She has finished her team task.（改为一般疑问句） 21. We should respect and help our teammates.（改为被动语态） 22. He prefers to do sports rather than stay at home.（改为同义句） 23. The little boy is so young that he can’t look after himself.（同义句转换） 24. They have lived in the village for ten years.（对划线部分提问） 三、完形填空 Protecting the environment is one of the most important tasks for teenagers. Our school has 25________ an environmental protection club for two years. I have been a 26________ of the club since last year. At first, I knew 27________ about environmental protection. My teachers and teammates taught me many useful skills and knowledge. We often organize different kinds of 28________ activities. We pick up rubbish in the community, plant young trees and give speeches to tell people the 29________ of protecting nature. Last month, we 30________ part in a city-wide green activity. It was tiring but 31________. We learned that teamwork can help us finish difficult tasks better and faster. Up to now, I 32________ lots of changes around me. More people begin to pay attention to low-carbon life. I believe 33________ we keep working together, our world will become much 34________ and more beautiful. 选项 25. A. open B. opened C. has opened D. been open 26. A. member B. student C. friend D. volunteer 27. A. everything B. nothing C. something D. anything 28. A. voluntary B. boring C. difficult D. useless 29. A. difference B. importance C. difficulty D. trouble 30. A. take B. took C. have taken D. will take 31. A. sad B. relaxing C. meaningful D. dangerous 32. A. see B. saw C. have seen D. will see 33. A. if B. unless C. though D. because 34. A. clean B. cleaner C. cleanest D. the cleanest 四、书面表达 Environmental Protection in Our Daily Life 写作要求：1. 简述当下环境现状；2. 列举日常环保做法；3. 抒发个人感悟与呼吁；4. 词数80-100，句式丰富、语法准确。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $