Unit 5 Nature's Temper Section A同步练习 2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

**基本信息** 本练习以“基础达标+能力提升”分层设计，通过词汇→句型→语篇递进路径巩固单元核心知识，兼顾语言能力夯实与思维品质培养。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础达标|单元核心词汇（wildfire等）、过去进行时语法、基础句型转换|通过语境化单词拼写（如灾害场景填空）和单选（如台风/地震词汇辨析），夯实语言基础能力| |能力提升|灾害主题语篇理解、情境对话、综合语言运用|以补全对话（地震情境交流）、完形填空（龙卷风灾后经历）及阅读（台风形成/地震自救）构建真实语境，提升语篇分析与问题解决思维品质|

Unit 5 Nature's Temper Section A 基础达标 一、根据句意及汉语或首字母提示完成单词(每小题1分，共5分) 1. Last month, firefighters worked hard to put out a big (野火) in the mountain. 2. The heavy rain lasted for three days and finally caused a big (洪水) in the nearby village. 3. Eating vegetables and meat gives our bodies enough (能量) to do sports every day. 4. Every family should have an e plan to prepare for sudden dangers. 5. Every year, my grandma helps with the p for the Spring Festival, like making dumplings. 二、单项选择(每小题1分，共5分) 6. What you when the earthquake happened? A. are; doing B. were; doing C. do; do D. did; do 7. We need to store enough before the snowstorm comes. A. supply B. supplies C. prepare D. prepares 8. The strong wind during the blew down many trees. A. typhoon B. earthquake C. drought D. flood 9. The long-term made the land very dry. A. flood B. typhoon C. drought D. wildfire 10. The teacher the students not to run in the hallway because it was easy to fall and get hurt. A. warned B. allowed C. suggested D. reported 三、按要求完成句子(每小题1分，共5分) 11. They were doing chores when the typhoon came.(改为否定句) They chores when the typhoon came. 12. I was doing my homework when the storm came.(对画线部分提问) you doing when the storm came? 13.—— Was Tom cooking when the typhoon came?(做肯定/否定回答) — Yes, ./ No, . 14. She was sleeping soundly when the wildfire broke out.(改为一般疑问句) she soundly when the wildfire broke out? 15.was, he, when, warning, his neighbour, happened, the earthquake(.)(连词成句) 能力提升 四、补全对话(有两项为多余项)(每小题1分，共5分) Susan: Is that Nancy speaking? Nancy: Yes, this is Nancy. Susan: 16. Nancy: I am in the hospital. Susan: 17. Nancy: An earthquake took place this morning. My leg got hurt. Susan: 18. I hope you will be better soon. Nancy: Thank you. The doctor said I could leave the hospital this afternoon. Susan: That's great. 19. I was scared, but I was safe. Nancy: Really? 20. Susan: I was walking to school with my friend. We must learn how to protect ourselves in danger. Nancy: Yes. You' re right. A. I am sorry to hear that. B. How long are you staying there? C. Where are you now, Nancy? D. What were you doing then? E. I felt the earthquake too. F. Why are you in the hospital? G. I was safer than you. 五、完形填空(每小题1分，共10分) A few weeks ago, I was at school when I got a call from Mum. She said that our house was completely destroyed in a terrible tornado. I felt worried after hearing the news and then rushed back home. 21 , neither of my parents got hurt. But Mum couldn't stop crying since we had 22 left.Seeing the tears on her face, I walked up and tried to 23 her. Finally, we calmed down and started to think about what could be done next. Some officers from the local government came to help in time. They offered us some food and money. We 24 the following few days in a community center but still didn't know what was waiting for us. One of my best friends hurried there with a large-sized 25 in her hand. In it, there was some fruit, biscuits, two coats and so on. It was more touching that I 26 got some books to read from her bag. As days went by, we 27 to my uncle's old flat. It stayed empty for a couple of years before we came. It was much 28 , but after all it was a place called home. After we moved in, life was better.However, our relatives, friends and some strangers continued to help us. Thanks to 29 help, we finally lived through the pain. Looking back now, the 30 time finally turns out to be an unforgettable experience. No one can tell when the disaster will come and what it may cause, but if we have some space for others in our heart and are ready to help, we can get over any“tornado” in our life. 21. A. Luckily B. Proudly C. Unluckily D. Unhappily 22. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 23. A. encourage B. miss C. believe D. greet 24. A. saved B. forgot C. enjoyed D. spent 25. A. cost B. box C. bag D. pocket 26. A. still B. even C. hardly D. ever 27. A. returned B. moved C. pulled D. ran 28. A. smaller B. bigger C. brighter D. closer 29. A. his B. her C. our D. their 30. A. strange B. happy C. hard D. free 六、阅读理解(每小题2分，共10分) A storm swept through two villages in the New Territories, destroying(摧毁) fourteen homes.Seven other houses were badly damaged(破坏) and their owners had to leave them, and fifteen other houses had broken windows or broken roofs. The storm killed one person and made several persons get hurt. Altogether over two hundred people were homeless after the storm. A farmer, Mr Tan, said that the storm began early in the morning and lasted over an hour. “I was eating with my wife and children when we heard a loud noise,” he said.“A few minutes later, our house fell down on top of us. We tried our best to climb out but then I saw that one of my children was missing. I went back inside and found him, safe but very frightened.” Mrs Smith said that her husband had just left for work when she felt that her house was moving. She ran outside at once with her children.“There was no time to take anything,” she said.“A few minutes later, the roof came down.” It rained heavily. Soldiers helped to take people out of the flooded area. The welfare department(福利部) brought them some food, dry clothes and shelter. 31.How does the writer introduce the storm in Paragraph 1? A. By giving examples. B. By listing numbers. C. By asking questions. D. By comparing results. 32. How long did the storm last? A. About 30 minutes. B. About 40 minutes. C. Over 60 minutes. D. Less than 80 minutes. 33. What does the underlined word“flooded” mean? A. Water-covered. B. Sand-covered. C. Grass-covered. D. Snow-covered. 34.Which of the following is the structure of the passage? 35. What's the text? A. A diary. B. A news report. C. A letter. D. An invitation. 七、阅读还原(有一项为多余项)(每小题2分，共10分) There are lots of natural disasters every year. Typhoons are among them. Typhoons are some of the worst storms, usually around the Pacific Ocean and the South China Sea. Most happen in July, August and September. 36. When lots of sea water gets hot in the summer sun, it evaporates(蒸发) into the air.This makes the air hotter. When the air gets warm enough, it starts to move high up into the sky. Then cooler air around it rushes in. It fills the space that is left. After the air gets warmer, it starts to move quickly, making wind. 37. The warmer the air gets, the faster the wind moves. And when wind moves faster than 32.7 metres a second, a typhoon begins. A typhoon has two parts. One is called the“eye”. It's the centre of the typhoon. 38. The other part is the wall of clouds around the eye. Typhoons are very dangerous. In November 2013, Super Typhoon Haiyan killed more than 6,000 people in the Philippines. 39. What should we do when a typhoon happens? ●40. Close all the windows and stay away from them. ● Try to bring all of your things inside. Strong winds could even blow away your cars! ● Listen to the radio, watch the TV or search on the Internet for important information. ● If you' re told to go to a safer place, do it right now. A. Stay inside. B. More people were hurt and some others were missing. C. The wind goes in circles and it keeps moving higher in the sky. D. We should try to stop disasters like typhoons. E. In the eye, the wind does not move so fast. F. How does a typhoon happen? 八、任务型阅读(每小题2分，共10分) An earthquake is dangerous. But this doesn't mean you can't do anything about it. Your choices can help save your life. When an earthquake happens, you must act quickly. The first several seconds are important. If you are inside during an earthquake, hide under a table or a desk. Protect your head. Keep away from windows and things that could fall on you. If you are outside, move away from buildings and street lights. They could fall and hurt you. If you are in a crowded room away from the door, don't rush to the exit. You will find too many people trying to get out at the same time. Instead, hide under a desk or a table. Don't use an elevator when you are in a tall building. You may get trapped(困住). Stay in a safe place until you are sure it's OK to leave. Some aftershocks(余震) may follow an earthquake. These are as dangerous as the earthquake. If you are in debris(废墟), try to free your hands and legs. Shouting will use up your energy. Try to find some water and food. They are important for you if you aren't rescued in a short time. Wait for help. Mary, a middle school student, once experienced an earthquake. Finally, she successfully escaped from the 3rd floor of a tall building. In an interview, she told the journalist about her way of escape.“When the earthquake happened, I .” 41. Where should people hide if they' re indoors during an earthquake? 42. What should you avoid using if you' re in a tall building during an earthquake? 43. Why shouldn't you shout if you are in debris? 44. What does the writer want to teach readers? 45.Please finish Mary's words. 一、1. wildfire 2. flood 3. power 4. emergency 5. preparations 二、6—10 BBACA 三、11. weren't doing 12. What were 13. he was; he wasn't 14. Was; sleeping 15. He was warning his neighbour when the earthquake happened. 四、·语篇导读本文是 Susan 和 Nancy 的电话对话,Nancy告知Susan自己因地震腿部受伤在医院，两人还交流了地震时的情况。 16. C 根据下文“I am in the hospital.”可知,Susan 应是询问Nancy在哪里。C 项“Nancy,你现在在哪里?”符合语境。 17. F 根据上文“I am in the hospital.”和下文“An earthquake took place this morning. My leg got hurt.”可知, Susan 应是询问 Nancy在医院的原因。F项“你为什么在医院?”符合语境。 18. A 根据上文“An earthquake took place this morning. My leg got hurt.”可知,此处对于 Nancy 受伤应该表示难过。A项“听到这个消息我很难过”符合语境。 19. E 根据下文“I was scared, but I was safe.”可知, Susan 在说自己的情况，这里应是补充自己也经历了地震的相关内容。E项“我也感觉到了地震”符合语境。 20. D 根据下文“I was walking to school with my friend.”可知,Nancy 应询问 Susan地震时在做什么。D 项“那时你在做什么?”符合语境。 五、 语篇导读本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者家的房子在一场可怕的龙卷风中被完全摧毁之后的故事。虽然那是一段艰难的日子，但是多亏了大家的帮助，作者一家顺利渡过难关。 21. A 句意:幸运的是,我父母都没受伤。根据“neither of my parents got hurt”可知,父母没有受伤,这是很幸运的。 选项含义：A.幸运地 B.自豪地 C.不幸地 D.不开心地 22. C句意：但是妈妈不停地哭，因为我们什么都没留下。根据“Mum couldn't stop crying”和上文介绍房子在一场可怕的龙卷风中被完全摧毁了可知，此处指什么都没了，nothing 符合语境。 选项含义：A.某物 B.任何东西 C.没有什么D.一切 23. A 句意：看到她脸上的泪水，我走过去试图鼓励她。根据“Seeing the tears on her face”可知,看到妈妈脸上的泪水,作者去鼓励妈妈。 选项含义：A.鼓励 B.想念；错过 C.相信 D.问候 24. D句意：接下来的几天，我们在一个社区中心度过，但仍然不知道等待我们的是什么。根据“the following few days in a community center”可知,作者和家人接下来的几天里在一个社区中心度过。 选项含义：A.拯救；节省 B.忘记 C.享受 D.花费；度过 25. C句意：我的一个好朋友手里拿着一个大袋子匆匆赶到那里。根据 from her bag 可知,此处是指袋子。 选项含义：A.费用 B.盒子 C.包D.口袋 26. B句意：更令人感动的是，我甚至从她的包里拿了一些书来读。根据“In it, there was some fruit, biscuits, two coats and so on.”可知，朋友带来了一些水果、饼干、两件外套等，更让人感动的是，朋友甚至给作者带来了一些书来读。 选项含义：A.仍然；还B.甚至 C.几乎不 D.曾经 27. B句意：随着日子一天天过去，我们搬到了叔叔的旧公寓。根据“to my uncle’ s old flat”可知,作者一家人搬到了叔叔的旧公寓。 选项含义：A.返回；归还 B.移动；搬家 C.拉；拖 D.跑；运转 28. A句意：它要小得多，但毕竟这是一个叫作家的地方。but表示转折，说明这个房子比以前的房子要小得多。 选项含义：A.更小的 B.更大的 C.更明亮的；更聪明的 D.更近的 29. D句意：多亏了他们的帮助，我们终于度过了痛苦(时期)。根据“However, our relatives, friends and some strangers continued to help us.”可知,此处是指亲戚、朋友和一些陌生人的帮助，应用 their。 选项含义：A.他的 B.她的 C.我们的 D.他/她/它们的 30. C 六、·语篇导读本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一场暴风雨造成的危害，详细介绍了人们在遭到暴风雨袭击时的感受以及灾后的救助。 31. B 写作手法题。根据第一段内容可知，作者列举了较多的数字来介绍这场暴风雨。 题干含义：作者在第一段是如何介绍暴风雨的? 选项含义：A.通过举例子。B.通过列数字。C.通过提问题。D.通过对比结果。 32. C 细节理解题。根据“A farmer,Mr Tan,said that the storm began early in the morning and lasted over an hour.”可知，暴风雨持续了一个多小时。 题干含义：暴风雨持续了多久? 选项含义:A. 大约30 分钟。B. 大约40分钟。C. 60多分钟。D.不到80分钟。 33. A 词义猜测题。根据“It rained heavily. Soldiers helped to take people out of the flooded area.”可知,雨下得很大,暴雨把这一地区淹没了，因此，flooded在此处意为“被水淹没的”。 题干含义：画线单词“flooded”是什么意思? 选项含义：A.被水覆盖的。B.被沙子覆盖的。C.被草覆盖的。D.被雪覆盖的。 34. C文章结构题。文章第一段总述暴风雨导致的后果；第二、三段是谭先生对暴风雨的描述，第四段是史密斯太太对暴风雨的描述；第五段讲述灾后救助情况。 题干含义：以下哪项是这篇文章的结构? 35. B 七、·语篇导读本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了台风的形成、构成、危害，以及台风来临时的应对措施。 篇章脉络 第1段：每年有诸多自然灾害，台风是其中之一。 第2段：台风因夏季海水蒸发等形成，包含“风眼”和云墙两部分。 第3段：台风很危险，曾有一次台风造成菲律宾重大伤亡。 第4段：介绍台风来临时应采取的措施。 36. F 根据下文“When lots of sea water gets hot in the summer sun, it evaporates into the air... a typhoon begins.”对台风形成过程的阐述，可知此处是在问“台风是如何形成的?”，起到引出下文的作用，F项符合语境。 37. C 根据下文“The warmer the air gets, the faster the wind moves.”可知，此处应是在描述风，C项“风呈环状运动且在天空中不断向更高处移动”符合语境。 38. E 根据下文“The other part is the wall of clouds around the eye.”可知，此处是在介绍台风“风眼”的特点，E项“在风眼里，风移动得没那么快”符合语境。 39. B 根据上文“Super Typhoon Haiyan killed more than 6,000people in the Philippines.”可知,此处应是说台风造成的严重后果，B项“还有更多人受伤，其他一些人失踪了”符合语境。 40. A 根据下文“Close all the windows and stay away from them.”可知，此处是说台风来临时要待在室内。A 项“待在里面”符合语境。 八、·语篇导读本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了地震的危险性，并讲解了不同场景下的避震方法及自救要点。 41. Under a table or a desk. 根据“If you are inside during an earthquake, hide under a table or a desk.”可知,室内地震时应躲在桌子下面。 42. An elevator. 43. Because shouting will use up energy. 根据“Shouting will use up your energy.”可知,被困废墟时大喊会消耗能量,所以不应大喊。 44. How to protect themselves during an earthquake. 文章主要讲解了地震发生时，不同场景下保护自己的方法，所以作者想教读者如何在地震中保护自己。 45. quickly hid under a strong desk, protected my head, and waited until the shaking stopped before leaving safely答案不唯一，言之有理即可。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $