Unit 5 单元语法精练与时文阅读2025-2026学年下学期人教版八年级英语下册

Unit 5 Nature's Temper 单元语法精练与时文阅读 一、阅读下面句子，用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. My little brother _________ still _________ (sleep) when I _________ (get) up yesterday morning. 2. Grandma _________ (cook) breakfast while I _________ (wash) my face this morning. 3. Mother _________ (sweep) the floor when I _________ (leave) home. 4. The students _________ (have) a biology class when the visitors _________ (come). 5. The driver _________ (drive) home when it _________ (rain) last night. 6. Some students from Class Four _________ (play) basketball when I _________ (see) them on the playground. 7. Doctor Liu was on duty last night. He _________ still _________ (talk) with his patients in the hospital at 10 p.m. 8. The street seller _________ (sell) clothes when he _________ (find) a purse on the ground. 9. Mr. Wang spends a lot of time writing his novel every day. He _________ still _________ (work) at midnight last night. 10. I _________ (read) a history book when someone _________ (break) into my room. 二、语法拓展训练——回归教材 A How One Girl Saved Many Lives On 26 December 2004, Tilly Smith, a 10-year-old English schoolgirl, and her family were on holiday in Phuket, Thailand. Everyone 1. _________ (enjoy) the beautiful weather that morning. Some people were swimming in the sea, and some were relaxing on the beach. But while Tilly was walking along the beach with her family, she noticed something strange. Thick white froth was forming on top of the waves. Next, she saw that the waves were coming in instead 2. _________ going out. Just then, she remembered something important. Two weeks before, her geography teacher had explained that earthquakes under the sea could create 3. _________ (danger) waves called tsunamis! “I know what's going to happen! There's going to be a big wave,” Tilly cried. Unfortunately, her family didn't believe her and wanted to continue 4. _________ (they) walk. However, Tilly refused 5. _________ (take) a single step further. Finally, her mother decided to return to walk alone, and the rest of her family returned to the hotel. Back at the hotel, Tilly's father told a security guard about the tsunami. 6. _________ security guard was shocked. He knew about the huge earthquake in nearby Indonesia. It meant that a tsunami was possible! He jumped into action right away and rushed to get people off the beach. Everyone began to panic. People were screaming and running as 7. _________ (fast) as they could when they saw a huge wall of water coming from the sea. Tilly was right! Her mother was one of the last people on the beach, but 8. _________ (thankful), her family made it to safety just as the water hit the hotel. The 2004 tsunami caused over 200,000 deaths, but no one on the beach died that day. This true story shows how a single lesson could mean the difference between life 9. _________ quick death. Thanks to her knowledge and quick 10. _________ (think), one schoolgirl was able to save over 100 lives. B Last Friday started 1. _________ (terrible). First, my alarm clock didn't go off, 2. _________ I woke up late and had to rush to the bus stop. I had a test that morning, so I 3. _________ (review) my notes while I was waiting for my bus. All of a sudden, thunder rolled across the sky. Then it started to pour. The wind was too strong for me 4. _________ (use) my umbrella! 5. _________ the time the bus came, I was cold and wet. I was still worrying about the test when the bus driver said that we would be late. There 6. _________ (be) a landslide along our usual road. When I 7. _________ (final) reached my classroom, out of breath, my teacher was already waiting at the door. Many 8. _________ (other) were also late because of the rainstorm. As 9. _________ result, she said we weren't having a test after all! What luck on my 10. _________ (lucky) day! Reading Plus(一) 时文阅读 一、阅读理解 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Chen-Ning Franklin Yang, one of the greatest physicists of the 20th century, passed away on October 18, 2025, at the age of 103. Born in Hefei, China, he dedicated (献身于) his life to science and made groundbreaking contributions to physics. Yang is best known for his work on parity nonconservation (宇称不守恒) with Tsung-Dao Lee in 1956. This theory challenged the long-held belief (固有认知) in the symmetry of particle interactions (粒子相互作用) and earned them the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1957—the first Chinese scientists to receive this honor. Their discovery revolutionized (彻底改变) the field of particle physics and opened new doors for research. Another major achievement was the Yang-Mills theory (杨-米尔斯理论), developed with Robert Mills in 1954. This theory laid the foundation for modern physics, explaining how subatomic particles (亚原子粒子) interact and influencing fields like quantum mechanics (量子力学) and cosmology. It is now considered as important as Einstein's theory of relativity. Yang deeply cared about his homeland. After moving back to China in 1999, he became a professor at Tsinghua University and helped establish the Institute for Advanced Study there. He also promoted scientific exchanges between China and the US, inspiring many young Chinese scientists to pursue careers in physics. In his Nobel speech, Yang once said, “I am proud of my Chinese heritage.” His life was a perfect blend of scientific excellence and patriotism (爱国精神). Though he left us, his work and spirit will continue to inspire generations. ( )1. When did Yang and Tsung-Dao Lee win the Nobel Prize in Physics? A. In 1954. B. In 1956. C. In 1957. D. In 1999. ( )2. What did Yang help establish at Tsinghua University? A. A new science lab. B. The Institute for Advanced Study. C. A language centre. D. An art museum. ( )3. Which theory did Yang develop with Robert Mills in 1954? A. Parity nonconservation. B. Einstein's theory of relativity. C. The Yang-Mills theory. D. Quantum mechanics. ( )4. What does the word “groundbreaking” mean in the first paragraph? A. 过时的 B. 普通和平凡的 C. 革命性和创新性的 D. 简单和容易的 ( )5. Which title best fits the passage? A. Yang's Early Life in the US B. A Physics Pioneer and His Love for China C. The History of the Nobel Prize in Physics D. Tsung-Dao Lee's Scientific Achievements 二、阅读理解 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Do you know face changing? The amazing skill in Sichuan Opera is used to express the changing feelings of characters. There are over 300 kinds of local operas in China. Among them, Sichuan Opera is one of the oldest. As the most important and the most interesting opera form from Southwestern China, it is popular in Sichuan, Chongqing and some areas of Yunnan and Guizhou provinces. A large number of Sichuan Opera performers are active throughout Sichuan Province, both in the countryside and in cities. The opera has three special skills: changing faces, spitting (吐) fire, and rolling lights. Face changing, or “bianlian” in Chinese, is the most famous one. It is an important intangible cultural heritage (ICH, 非物质文化遗产) in China. Only a few artists have picked up this skill. They know how to change Sichuan Opera masks magically. As they wave their arms and turn their heads, their painted masks change again and again. Face changing got its start about 300 years ago. In the beginning, opera artists changed the colour of their faces during performances by blowing into a bowl of red, black or gold powder (粉末). The powder would stick to their oiled skin quickly. In another way, actors would cover their faces with coloured paste hidden in their hands. By the 1920's, opera artists began using layers (层) of masks made of oiled paper. They could peel one after another in the blink of an eye. At present, the artists use full-face painted silk masks which can be worn in layers. ( )1. What is the main purpose of face changing in Sichuan Opera? A. To scare the audience. B. To show off the performer's speed. C. To hide the performer's real identity. D. To express the changing feelings of the characters. ( )2. Which areas of China is Sichuan Opera popular in? A. Only in Sichuan Province. B. Only in big cities like Beijing and Shanghai. C. In Sichuan, Chongqing, and parts of Yunnan and Guizhou. D. All over China equally. ( )3. When did face changing begin? A. About 200 years ago. B. About 300 years ago. C. About 400 years ago. D. About 500 years ago. ( )4. What's the last paragraph mainly about? A. The development of face changing. B. The importance of face changing. C. The popularity of face changing. D. The future of face changing. 三、短文还原，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。 Typhoons are some of the worst storms, usually around the Pacific Ocean and the South China Sea. Most happen in July, August and September. 1. ______ When lots of sea water gets hot in the summer sun, it evaporates (蒸发) into the air. This makes the air hotter. When the air gets warm enough, it starts to move higher up into the sky. Then cooler air around it rushes in. It fills the space that is left. After the air gets warmer, it starts to move quickly, making wind. The wind goes in circles (圆圈) and it keeps moving higher in the sky. 2. ______ And when the wind moves faster than 30 metres a second, a typhoon begins. A typhoon has two parts. One is called the “eye”. In the eye, the wind does not move so fast. 3. ______ This is where the strongest winds and hardest rain are. 4. ______ In November 2013, Typhoon Haiyan killed around 6,000 people in the Philippines. More people were badly hurt and some others were missing. 5.  ______ • Stay inside. Close all the windows and stay away from them. • Try to bring all of your things inside. Strong winds could even blow away your bikes! • Listen to the radio or watch TV for important information. • If you're told to go to a safe place, do it right away. A. How does a typhoon happen? B. What should we do when a typhoon hits? C. Typhoons often happen in the hot months. D. Typhoons can be very dangerous sometimes. E. The other part is the wall of clouds around the eye. F. The warmer the air gets, the quicker the wind moves. 四、语法填空，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Did you experience an earthquake? There was a bad earthquake in Mexico City on September 19th, 1984. All of 1. _________ sudden, a lot of buildings fell down, and hundreds of people were in danger. Many people 2. _________ (sleep) when the earthquake happened. After the earthquake, 40% of Mexico City was without electricity (电). It was reported that about 230 people died in the earthquake. Lots of people in Mexico City became 3. _________ (volunteer) to help others. Some people in other areas also offered 4. _________ (help). They took risks bringing clean water, enough clothes and food to Mexico City. Some doctors and nurses began to give people medicine and tried their best to help people on crowded streets. The aftershock (余震) happened 5. _________ the evening of September 20th. It was the 6. _________ (strong) after shock in Mexico. “I told my students two things. First, we should protect 7. _________ (we), because it is not a game. 8. _________ (two), we should get ready for everything in time.” said Adeline, a teacher of the Morelos Middle School. Although all the buildings in the school were broken, 9. ________ (thankful), everyone was safe. Because both the students 10. _________ the teachers had learned some life-saving skills, they quickly ran out of the buildings. 五、阅读表达 阅读下面短文，完成1—5小题。 Floods, droughts, storms, hot days...extreme (极端的) weather is becoming more and more common all over the world. (A) This is caused by greenhouse gas emissions (温室气体排放) from human activities, reported China Daily. In the summer of 2024, big storms hit areas of Europe. At least 13 people died in Austria, France and Italy by Aug. 19. In Portugal and Spain, huge wildfires forced thousands of people to leave their homes. (B) In the US, more than 80 percent of the west was in drought, causing three-quarters of farmers in these areas to stop growing food. In China, the heat hit the south starting from June 2024. The duration (持续时间) of 2024's high temperatures broke the 62-day record in 2013, becoming the longest heat wave in 61 years. If you visited Chongqing in the summer of 2024, you may have seen a very “dark” city: no more neon lights (霓虹灯) in the streets with only a few lights on in shopping malls. The highest temperature there reached 45℃! People there had no choice but to turn on the air conditioner the whole day, which was a big burden for the power system. Extreme weather has also made 218 of the known 375 diseases more serious. You may have heard the word “thermoplegia (热射病)” in 2024. It is the most serious type of sunstroke (中暑). Many cases of death were reported to be caused by it that summer. If people stay in high temperatures for too long, the heat will damage their organs (器官) and make people feel sick, even die. 1. What does (A) This refer to (指的是) in Paragraph One? _____________________________________________________________________ 2. Translate the underlined sentence (B) into Chinese. _____________________________________________________________________ 3. What made Chongqing a “dark” city according to the passage? _____________________________________________________________________ 4. What is thermoplegia? _____________________________________________________________________ 5. 根据短文内容填空，每空不超过3个词。 Extreme weather is becoming more common worldwide. In 2024, big storms hit Europe, and __________ forced people to leave homes in Portugal and Spain. In the US, a serious drought caused many farmers to stop growing food. In China, a record-breaking heat wave __________ the south. The temperature in Chongqing reached 45℃, making people use air conditioners all day, which was a big burden for __________. Extreme weather also makes many diseases more serious. “Thermoplegia”, the most serious type of sunstroke, caused many deaths. If people stay __________ for too long, it can damage their organs. 参考答案： 一、动词适当形式填空答案 1. was; sleeping; got2. was cooking; was washing3. was sweeping; left4. were having; came 5. was driving; rained6. were playing; saw7. was; talking8. was selling; found9. was; working 10. was reading; broke 二、语法拓展训练 A篇1. were enjoying 2. of 3. dangerous 4. their 5. to take 6. The 7. fast 8. thankfully 9. and 10. thinking B篇 1. terribly 2. so 3. was reviewing 4. to use5. By 6. was 7. finally 8. others 9. a 10. unlucky 时文阅读 一、第一篇阅读理解1.C 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.B 二、第二篇阅读理解1.D 2.C 3.B 4.A 三、短文还原1.A 2.F 3.E 4.D 5.B 四、语法填空 1. a 2. were sleeping 3. volunteers 4. to help 5. on 6. strongest 7. ourselves 8. Second 9. thankfully 10. and 五、阅读表达 1. Extreme weather is becoming more and more common all over the world. 2. 在美国，西部超过80%的地区遭遇干旱，导致这些地区四分之三的农民停止种植农作物。 3. People turned off neon lights and reduced lights in shopping malls because of the high temperature. 4. It is the most serious type of sunstroke. 5. wildfires；hit；power system；in high temperatures 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $