暑假作业04 定语从句（巩固培优）高一英语外研版

**基本信息** 系统构建定语从句“概念-关系词-易混点”三层方法体系，通过对比辨析与分级训练提升语言应用能力和逻辑思维。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |核心基础|5个核心概念|定义-先行词-关系词-结构-分类逐层解析|从基础概念生成定语从句认知框架| |关系词梳理|9类关系词+适配例句|按“指人/物-从句成分”双维度选择关系词|关系代词与副词的功能分类及应用场景| |易混点辨析|6组高频对比|限制性与非限制性区分、that/which特殊用法等规则提炼|通过反例对比突破衔接难点| |考点应用|4类考点52题|汉译英、选择、填空等题型对应解法|从基础应用到综合辨析的能力递进|

完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业04定语从句 1、 定语从句核心基础 定语从句核心基础 核心概念 详细说明 定语从句定义 复合句中修饰名词/代词的形容词性从句，相当于形容词的作用，是初三升高一英语核心语法重点 先行词 被定语从句修饰的名词/代词，是定语从句的修饰对象 关系词 引导定语从句的词，分为关系代词和关系副词，必须在从句中充当句子成分 核心结构 先行词 + 关系词 + 定语从句 核心分类 限制性定语从句（无逗号，与先行词关系紧密，不可省略）、非限制性定语从句（有逗号，仅补充说明，可省略） 2、 定语从句核心关系词 定语从句核心关系词 关系词类型 关系词 修饰先行词 从句中充当成分 适配例句（初三升高一） 关系代词 who 指人 主语、宾语 1. The girl who is standing under the tree is my new deskmate.（作主语） 2. The boy who we met yesterday is my cousin.（作宾语，可省略） 关系代词 whom 指人 宾语（正式文体） The teacher with whom we talked just now is our English teacher.（作介词宾语，不可省略） 关系代词 whose 指人/物 定语（表所属） 1. This is the girl whose pronunciation is the best in our class. 2. I live in a room whose window faces the south. 关系代词 that 指人/物 主语、宾语 1. The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.（作宾语，可省略） 2. The boy that won the first prize is my brother.（作主语） 关系代词 which 指物 主语、宾语 1. This is the pen which my father gave me for my birthday. 2. The story which he told us was very moving. 关系代词 as 指人/物/整个主句 主语、宾语、表语 1. As we all know, the Great Wall is one of the seven wonders in the world. 2. He is such a kind boy as everyone likes. 关系副词 when 指时间 时间状语 I still remember the day when we first met in the middle school. 关系副词 where 指地点 地点状语 This is the school where I studied for three years. 关系副词 why 指原因（仅the reason） 原因状语 I don’t know the reason why he was late for class this morning. 3、 高频易混点辨析（直击衔接难点） 定语从句高频易混点辨析 序号 易混组 核心区别 例句对比（初三升高一） 1 限制性定语从句 vs 非限制性定语从句 1. 限制性：无逗号，与先行词关系紧密，不可省略，否则句意不完整 2. 非限制性：有逗号，与先行词关系松散，仅补充说明，省略后句意仍完整，不可用that引导 1. 限制性：I have a sister who is a doctor.（我有一个当医生的姐姐，可能还有其他姐姐） 2. 非限制性：I have a sister, who is a doctor.（我只有一个姐姐，她是医生） 2 that vs which 只用that的情况 先行词为以下情况时，只能用that，不能用which： 1. 不定代词all, everything, nothing等 2. 被序数词、形容词最高级修饰 3. 被the only, the very, the same修饰 4. 先行词既有人又有物 1. Everything that he said is true. 2. This is the most interesting movie that I have ever seen. 3. He is the only person that can help us. 3 that vs which 只用which的情况 以下情况只能用which，不能用that： 1. 引导非限制性定语从句 2. 介词提前，关系词作介词宾语 3. 先行词本身是that/those 1. The book, which I bought yesterday, is very popular. 2. This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived. 4 who vs whom vs whose 1. who：主格，在从句中作主语，口语中可作宾语 2. whom：宾格，在从句中作宾语，正式文体中不可省略，介词提前时必须用whom 3. whose：所有格，表所属关系，在从句中作定语 1. The girl who helped me is my classmate.（作主语） 2. The man whom you just talked to is our head teacher.（作宾语） 3. This is the boy whose father is a famous writer.（作定语） 5 关系副词when/where/why vs 介词+which 关系副词 = 介词 + which，可相互转换，是初升高高频考点 1. when = in/on/at + which 2. where = in/on/at + which 3. why = for + which 1. I still remember the day when we graduated. = I still remember the day on which we graduated. 2. This is the factory where my father works. = This is the factory in which my father works. 6 as vs which 引导非限制性定语从句 1. as：可放在句首、句中、句尾，常与know, see, expect等动词连用，表“正如……” 2. which：只能放在主句之后，可指代整个主句或主句中的部分内容 1. As is known to all, China is a developing country.（句首，只能用as） 2. He won the game, which made us very excited.（句尾，指代整个主句） 考点一、关系代词引导限制性定语从句 1．这是对我们来说很重要的一场考试。（定语从句）(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】This is an exam which/that is very important to us. 【详解】考查定语从句。陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主句“这是一场考试”用This is an exam；“对我们来说很重要”为修饰an exam的定语从句，定语从句中缺少主语，用关系代词which/that引导；表示“对我们来说很重要”用is very important to us。故翻译为This is an exam which/that is very important to us. 2．— Do you know Yanni Wu? — Sure! She is the one _______ won the silver medal in The 100 meter hurdles A．who B．what C．which 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：——你认识吴艳妮吗？——当然！她就是在100米栏比赛中获得银牌的那个人。本空引导定语从句，先行词是the one，指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故选A。 3．If you feel like you have problems that you can’t solve, you will make yourself miserable. A．定语 B．状语 C．宾语 D．宾补 【答案】A 【详解】考查句子成分。句意：如果你觉得自己有无法解决的问题，你会让自己很痛苦。主句为“you will make yourself miserable”，“if you feel like you have problems”为“If”引导条件状语从句；“that you can’t solve”为关系词“that”引导的定语从句，“that”指代先行词“problems”，且在从句中充当“solve”的宾语，所以“that you can’t solve”在句中作定语。故选A项。 4．It is a musical instrument ________ has strings. A．which B．whose C．who D．whom 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是一种有弦的乐器。定语从句修饰先行词instrument，在从句作主语，指物，故用which或that。故选A。 5．I know a friend ________ brother is a pop singer. A．which B．that C．whose D．whom 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我认识一个朋友，他的哥哥是一名流行歌手。“ brother is a pop singer”是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“a friend”，关系词将其代入从句中作定语，表示“朋友的哥哥”，应用表示所属关系的关系代词whose引导从句。故选C项。 6．He is the musician ________ I met yesterday. A．which B．where C．whose D．whom 【答案】D 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他就是我昨天遇到的那位音乐家。本空引导定语从句，先行词是the musician，指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作met的宾语，应用关系代词whom引导。故选D。 7．We felt it a pity that the research team failed to find such a plant had been described in the botanist’s diary. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】as 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们感到遗憾的是，研究小组未能找到植物学家日记中描述的那种植物。分析句子可知，这里引导定语从句，先行词为such a plant ，为物，在从句中作主语，且为such...as结构，‌用‌as‌引导定语从句，用来具体说明这个名词短语所描述的对象。故填as。 考点二、关系副词引导限制性定语从句 8．This is the house ________ I lived 20 years ago. A．where B．when C．why D．that 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这就是我 20 年前居住过的那所房子。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词house，在从句中作地点状语，故应用关系副词where。故选A。 9．The lab ________ we conducted the chemistry experiment last week will be upgraded next month for better safety conditions. A．when B．where C．which D．that 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们上周做化学实验的实验室下个月将进行升级，以提供更好的安全条件。“________ we conducted the chemistry experiment last week”为限制性定语从句，先行词是the lab，指物，代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导从句。故选B。 10．The reason she was late for the meeting was that she overslept. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】why 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她开会迟到的原因是她睡过头了。此处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词reason，关系词将其代入从句中作原因状语，用关系副词why引导从句。故填why。 11．The reason ________ she was late for the exam was that she got stuck in a traffic jam. A．that B．which C．who D．why 【答案】D 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她考试迟到的原因是交通堵塞。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the reason，指原因，关系词在从句中作原因状语，表示“……的原因”，所以要用关系副词why来引导。故填why。 12．There was a time ______ people were divided geographically. A．that B．where C．when D．as 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：曾经有一段时间，人们在地理上是分隔开来的。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词是“a time”，表示时间，且定语从句“people were divided geographically”中不缺主语、宾语等成分，缺少时间状语，因此应用关系副词“when” 引导定语从句。故选C项。 13．Andria’s brilliant project to bring artists from all fields into direct contact with children is particularly welcome at a time the arts are being downgraded in schools. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：安德里亚让各领域艺术家与儿童直接接触的杰出项目，在艺术教育在学校被贬低的当下尤为受欢迎。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a time，指时间，在从句中作时间状语，因此需用关系副词when。故填when。 14．We are living in an information age ________ many things can be done on the Internet. A．when B．where C．that D．which 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们生活在一个信息时代，很多事情都可以在互联网上完成。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，先行词age是时代，因此用关系副词when引导定语从句，故选A。 考点三、关系代词引导非限制性定语从句 15．________ is known to us all, the earth moves around the sun. A．What B．That C．It D．As 【答案】D 【详解】句意：众所周知，地球绕着太阳转。逗号前为非限制性定语从句，修饰后面整个主句the earth moves around the sun，表示“正如”用As引导。as is known to us all为固定句型，意为“众所周知”。 16．The humans are destroying nature day by day, ______ will cause severe punishment from it sooner or later. A．who B．when C．that D．which 【答案】D 【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：人类正在一天天地破坏自然，这迟早会招致自然的严厉惩罚。“______ will cause severe punishment from it sooner or later”为非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子，表示“人类正在一天天地破坏自然”这件事，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，应用关系代词which引导。故选D。 17．Since 1995, ________ people call the Year of the Internet, the world has turned flat thanks to the network. A．when B．which C．in which D．what 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：自1995年——人们称之为互联网元年——以来，由于网络的存在，世界变得扁平化了。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，该句中先行词为“1995”，在从句中作“call”的宾语，所以此处应用关系代词which引导。故选B项。 18．The book, ________ cover was damaged in the rain, contained rare historical documents that were valuable to researchers. A．who B．whose C．which D．that 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：那本封面在雨中损坏的书包含了对研究人员很有价值的珍稀历史文献。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为“the book”，空格后为名词“cover”，二者存在所属关系，即“书的封面”，因此需用关系代词whose引导定语从句，在从句中作定语。故选B项。 19．The course normally attracts about 100 students per year, ______ up to half will be from abroad. A．who B．of which C．whom D．of whom 【答案】D 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这门课程通常每年吸引大约100名学生，其中多达一半来自国外。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词students进行限定说明，空格处表达的应该是“这些学生中多大一半”，即up to half of the students，在定语从句中，应该用关系代词whom代替先行词students作介词of的宾语，且of whom可以提前。故选D项。 20．Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, ________ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford- upon- Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown. A．who B．which C．that D．whose 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：纪念被誉为“亚洲的莎士比亚”的汤显祖的中国文化元素，为莎士比亚的故乡斯特拉特福镇增添了国际色彩。空格处引导非限定性定语从句，先行词是Tang Xianzu，指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故选A。 21．He lived in a big house, in front of stood a big tall tree. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他住在一所大房子里，房子前面有一棵高大的树。句中先行词为 house，指物，在非限定性定语从句中作介词短语in front of的宾语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。 考点四、关系副词引导非限制性定语从句 22．There are Chinese tea stores, ________________ (游客可以在那里品尝) and buy varieties of Chinese tea. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】where visitors can taste 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这里有中国的茶店，游客可以在那里品尝并购买各种中国茶叶。逗号后的部分是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Chinese tea stores，先行词指地点，且关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导从句。“游客”可表示为visitors，“品尝”可表示为taste。故填where visitors can taste。 23．Learning is a never-ending journey, a good attitude is important. A．when B．whose C．which D．where 【答案】D 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：学习是一段永无止境的旅程，良好的态度很重要。分析句子可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词指代先行词journey“旅程”在从句中作地点状语成分，所以为关系副词where引导。故选D项。 24．The best time to visit Disneyland is during the summer and holidays, Disneyland hours are the longest, meaning more hours to play, more things to do, and more rides to experience. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：游览迪士尼乐园的最佳时间是在夏季和假期，那时迪士尼乐园的开放时间最长，这意味着有更多的时间可以玩，有更多的事情可以做，有更多的游乐设施可以体验。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作时间状语，修饰先行词the summer and holidays用when。故填when。 25．I didn't become a serious climber until the fifth grade， I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree. (适当形式填空) 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：直到五年级，我才真正会爬树，当时，我爬上一棵树，拿下了挂在树枝上的风筝。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词为the fifth grade，且先行词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when。故填when。 26．In the book, the writer described a beautiful place ________ three rivers joined together. A．which B．where C．what D．when 【答案】B 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句关系副词。分析句子可知，所填为非限定性定语从句的连接词，分析从句可知，句中主谓宾结构成份完整，先行词为place为地点，故用关系副词where作状语。故选B项。 27．The human has entered the AI era, robots are used in ordinary life, bringing great convenience to people. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】when 【详解】考查关系副词引导定语从句。句意：人类已经进入AI时代，在这个时代，机器人被应用于日常生活中，给人们带来很大的便利。分析句子可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是the AI era，关系在定语从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when。故填when。 28．节日是一种让我们能够享受轻松氛围的时刻。(atmosphere)(汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Festivals are occasions when we can enjoy the relaxing atmosphere。 【详解】考查定语从句和名词。句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。主语“节日”festival，使用复数形式表示泛指，be动词使用are，表语“时刻”occasion，使用复数形式表示泛指，“让我们享受轻松氛围的”使用定语从句结构，修饰先行词occasions，“能够享受”can enjoy，宾语“轻松氛围”the relaxing atmosphere，先行词occasions指时间，关系词在从句中作时间状语，使用关系副词when引导从句。故翻译为Festivals are occasions when we can enjoy the relaxing atmosphere. 考点一、限制性定语从句 29．The website has helped more poor village children with the money ________ people raise. A．which B．who C．where D．what 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这个网站已经帮助了更多的贫困农村儿童，这些钱是人们筹集的。设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the money，从句中缺少raise的宾语，指物，应用关系代词which引导。故选A。 30．After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town he grew up as a child. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在巴黎生活了五十年后，他回到了他小时候长大的小镇。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词the small town表示“小镇”在从句中作地点状语成分，所以为关系副词where引导。故填where。 31．我永远不会忘记你对我和我的家人所表现出的善良和温暖。(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I will never forget the kindness and warmth (that/which) you showed to me and my family. 【详解】考查时态、定语从句和固定短语。主句中“我永远不会忘记”描述将来的事情，用一般将来时态，译为I will never forget，宾语“善良和温暖”译为the kindness and warmth；“你对我和我的家人所表现出的”作定语，可处理为限制性定语从句修饰先行词“the kindness and warmth”，用关系代词that或者which引导从句并在从句中作宾语，可省略，从句主语“你”用人称代词you，“表现出”作谓语，用短语show to，描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时态showed to，宾语“我和我的家人”用me and my family表示。综上，全句译为：I will never forget the kindness and warmth (that/which) you showed to me and my family. 32．This is a book cover is blue. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是一本封面是蓝色的书。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是book，与后文名词cover构成所属关系，应用关系代词whose引导从句，作定语。故填whose。 33．她结交了愿意帮助她的新朋友。(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】She made new friends who/that were willing to help her. 【详解】考查时态和定语从句。句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。“愿意帮助她的”处理为定语从句；主句主语是she，“交新朋友”表达为make new friends，make作谓语，用过去式made；代替先行词friends在从句中作主语，用关系代词who/that作引导词，“愿意做某事”表达为be willing to do sth.，主语who/that是复数意义，谓语be用were，“帮助她”表达为help her，此处用其不定式形式。综上，故翻译为She made new friends who/that were willing to help her. 34．You are the very student I’m looking for. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你就是我要找的那个学生。设空处引导定语从句，先行词为the student，同时先行词前有the very进行限定，引导词在从句中作宾语，关系代词只能用that，故空格处应填that。 35．Is this college _____ they went to last year? Is this the university ____ you visited last time? A．that, the one B．which, where C．the one, which D．the one, what 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是他们去年上的那所大学吗？这就是你上次参观的那所大学吗？第一句中，this college 是主语，句子缺少表语，the one可在句中作表语，相当于the college，引导词在从句中作宾语，可省略，所以第一个空填 the one；第二句中，the university 是先行词，在从句中作visited的宾语，关系代词可用which或that，也可省略，所以第二个空填 which。故选C。 考点二、非限制性定语从句 36．The new teaching method, ________ has been praised by educators, focuses on student-centered learning and critical thinking skills. A．what B．that C．which D．where 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这种新的教学方法侧重于以学生为中心的学习和批判性思维技能，受到了教育工作者的赞扬。分析句子可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词The new teaching method在从句中作主语成分，所以为关系代词which引导。故选C项。 37．Thousands of years ago, they formed those ancient tea plantations, ________________ (最好的礼物) that nature has granted us. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】which are the best gifts 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：几千年前，他们形成了那些古老的茶园，这是大自然赐予我们最好的礼物。表示“最好的礼物”用定语从句，先行词为tea plantations，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，用which引导。从句中：表示“是”用be，从句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，which代替tea plantations作主语，be动词用are；表示“最好的礼物”用the best gifts，作表语。故填which are the best gifts。 38．There are 45 students in my class, most of _______ are Chinese. A．whom B．who C．they D．them 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我班上有45名学生，其中大部分是中国人。逗号后为非限制性定语从句，先行词是students，指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作介词of的宾语，应用关系代词whom引导。故选A。 39．She came with her three friends, none of ______ I have ever met before. A．them B．those C．who D．whom 【答案】D 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她和她的三个朋友一起来的，他们中没有一个我以前见过。分析句子可知，空格处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词her three friends，指人，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作none of后的宾语，只能使用关系代词whom引导该定语从句。故选D项。 40．不管做什么，他总是领先，这使他赢得了别人的尊重。(in the lead, respect) （汉译英） 【答案】No matter what he does, he is always in the lead, which makes him win others’ respect./Whatever he does, he is always in the lead, which makes him win others’ respect. 【详解】考查状语从句、非限制性定语从句、短语和名词。根据句意可知此句为一般现在时；句子分析可知“不管做什么”可以翻译为让步状语从句，从句的主语为“他”，“不管做什么”表达为从句“no matter what he does”或者“whatever he does”；“领先”用短语in the lead表达，“他总是领先”翻译为“he is always in the lead”；“赢得了别人的尊重”用动词短语“win others’ respect”表达，“使他赢得了别人的尊重”表达为“make him win others’ respect”，“这使他赢得了别人的尊重”中的“这”指代前文“不管做什么，他总是领先”，表达为非限制性定语从句“which makes him win others’ respect”，which在从句中作主语，指代前文“不管做什么，他总是领先”。故此句翻译为No matter what he does, he is always in the lead, which makes him win others’ respect./Whatever he does, he is always in the lead, which makes him win others’ respect. 41．Edison________ questions, ________made his teacher very angry. A．always asked, that B．was always asking, which C．has always asked, which D．had always asked, that 【答案】B 【详解】考查时态和定语从句。句意：爱迪生总是问问题，这使他的老师很生气。根据句意分析句子可知，逗号后面是一个非限制性定语从句，所以第二个空格处不能用关系代词that，只能用which代指前面句子的内容，先排除A项和D项；根据后面从句的时态是过去时，前面主句也应该用过去的某种时态，不能用现在完成时，故排除C项，always与进行时连用，带有感情色彩。故选B项。 42．Dragon Head-raising Day, ___________falls each year on the second day of the second lunar month, is one of the Chinese traditional festivals. A．that B．where C．when D．which 【答案】D 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：每年农历二月初二的龙头节是中国的传统节日之一。此处Dragon Head-raising Day是先行词，指物，在后面的句子中作主语，这里是关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句。故选D。                                 选词填空 43．Her mother, is a doctor, always encourages her to study medicine.(who/whom/which) 44．The book, cover is blue, was written by a famous writer.(whose/which/that) 45．He went to Paris, he met his wife for the first time.(where/when/why) 46．She won the competition, made her parents very proud.(which/as/that) 47．We all like the movie, we have seen twice.(which/what/who) 48．Tom, with I played tennis yesterday, is a good friend of mine.(whom/who/that) 49．The summer holiday, we traveled to Beijing, was very enjoyable.(when/where/which) 50． we all know, the earth goes around the sun.(As/Which/That) 51．There are 30 students in the class, most of are boys.(whom/which/them) 52．The reason, he explained at the meeting, was not convincing.(which/why/that) 【答案】43．who 44．whose 45．where 46．which 47．which 48．whom 49．when 50．As 51．whom 52．which 【解析】43．考查非限制性定语从句关系词。句意：她的母亲是一名医生，总是鼓励她学习医学。先行词是“Her mother”，指人，且在非限制性定语从句“____ is a doctor”中作主语，所以用关系代词who引导，故填who。 44．考查非限制性定语从句关系词。句意：这本书的封面是蓝色的，它是由一位著名作家写的。先行词是“The book”，指物，“____ cover is blue”表示“书的封面”，关系词在从句中作定语，所以用whose引导，whose在定语从句中表示所属关系“……的”。故填whose。 45．考查非限制性定语从句关系词。句意：他去了巴黎，在那里他第一次遇见了他的妻子。先行词是“Paris”，在非限制性定语从句“____ he met his wife for the first time”中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导，where相当于“in which”。when作时间状语，why作原因状语，均不符合语境，故填where。 46．考查非限制性定语从句关系词。句意：她赢得了比赛，这让她的父母非常骄傲。整个主句“She won the competition”是先行词，“____ made her parents very proud”这个从句对主句所描述的事情进行补充说明，which引导非限制性定语从句，可指代整个主句内容，在从句中作主语，符合语境。as引导非限制性定语从句时，有“正如”之意，在此处不符合语境；that不能引导非限制性定语从句，故填which。 47．考查非限制性定语从句关系词。句意：我们都喜欢这部电影，我们已经看过两遍了。先行词是“the movie”，指物，在非限制性定语从句“____ we have seen twice”中作宾语，所以用关系代词which引导，which在从句中可作宾语。what不能引导定语从句，who用于指人，故填which。 48．考查非限制性定语从句关系词。句意：汤姆是我的好朋友，昨天我和他一起打网球。先行词是“Tom”，指人，在非限制性定语从句“with ____ I played tennis yesterday”中，作with的宾语，所以用关系代词whom，whom用于在从句中作宾语且前面有介词的情况。who在从句中作主语，that不能用于非限制性定语从句中介词之后，故填whom。 49．考查非限制性定语从句关系词。句意：暑假我们去北京旅游了，那个暑假非常愉快。先行词是“The summer holiday”，表示时间，在非限制性定语从句“____ we traveled to Beijing”中作时间状语，所以用关系副词when引导，when相当于“during which”。where作地点状语，which在从句中作主语或宾语，均不符合此句，故填when。 50．考查非限制性定语从句关系词。句意：众所周知，地球围绕太阳转。“____ we all know”为非限制性定语从句，as引导非限制性定语从句，可置于句首，意为“正如”，指代后面整个主句内容，符合语境。which引导非限制性定语从句不能置于句首，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，故填As。 51．考查非限制性定语从句关系词。句意：这个班有30名学生，他们大多数是男生。先行词是“30 students”，指人，在非限制性定语从句“most of ____ are boys”中作介词of的宾语，所以用关系代词whom，“most of whom”引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“30 students”。which用于指物，them不能引导定语从句，故填whom。 52．考查非限制性定语从句关系词。句意：他在会上解释的那个理由，并不令人信服。先行词是“The reason”，在非限制性定语从句“____ he explained at the meeting”中作宾语，所以用关系代词which引导，which在从句中可作宾语。why在从句中作原因状语，此处从句中缺宾语，不是缺原因状语，所以不用why；that不能引导非限制性定语从句，故填which。 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业04定语从句 1、 定语从句核心基础 定语从句核心基础 核心概念 详细说明 定语从句定义 复合句中修饰名词/代词的形容词性从句，相当于形容词的作用，是初三升高一英语核心语法重点 先行词 被定语从句修饰的名词/代词，是定语从句的修饰对象 关系词 引导定语从句的词，分为关系代词和关系副词，必须在从句中充当句子成分 核心结构 先行词 + 关系词 + 定语从句 核心分类 限制性定语从句（无逗号，与先行词关系紧密，不可省略）、非限制性定语从句（有逗号，仅补充说明，可省略） 2、 定语从句核心关系词 定语从句核心关系词 关系词类型 关系词 修饰先行词 从句中充当成分 适配例句（初三升高一） 关系代词 who 指人 主语、宾语 1. The girl who is standing under the tree is my new deskmate.（作主语） 2. The boy who we met yesterday is my cousin.（作宾语，可省略） 关系代词 whom 指人 宾语（正式文体） The teacher with whom we talked just now is our English teacher.（作介词宾语，不可省略） 关系代词 whose 指人/物 定语（表所属） 1. This is the girl whose pronunciation is the best in our class. 2. I live in a room whose window faces the south. 关系代词 that 指人/物 主语、宾语 1. The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.（作宾语，可省略） 2. The boy that won the first prize is my brother.（作主语） 关系代词 which 指物 主语、宾语 1. This is the pen which my father gave me for my birthday. 2. The story which he told us was very moving. 关系代词 as 指人/物/整个主句 主语、宾语、表语 1. As we all know, the Great Wall is one of the seven wonders in the world. 2. He is such a kind boy as everyone likes. 关系副词 when 指时间 时间状语 I still remember the day when we first met in the middle school. 关系副词 where 指地点 地点状语 This is the school where I studied for three years. 关系副词 why 指原因（仅the reason） 原因状语 I don’t know the reason why he was late for class this morning. 3、 高频易混点辨析（直击衔接难点） 定语从句高频易混点辨析 序号 易混组 核心区别 例句对比（初三升高一） 1 限制性定语从句 vs 非限制性定语从句 1. 限制性：无逗号，与先行词关系紧密，不可省略，否则句意不完整 2. 非限制性：有逗号，与先行词关系松散，仅补充说明，省略后句意仍完整，不可用that引导 1. 限制性：I have a sister who is a doctor.（我有一个当医生的姐姐，可能还有其他姐姐） 2. 非限制性：I have a sister, who is a doctor.（我只有一个姐姐，她是医生） 2 that vs which 只用that的情况 先行词为以下情况时，只能用that，不能用which： 1. 不定代词all, everything, nothing等 2. 被序数词、形容词最高级修饰 3. 被the only, the very, the same修饰 4. 先行词既有人又有物 1. Everything that he said is true. 2. This is the most interesting movie that I have ever seen. 3. He is the only person that can help us. 3 that vs which 只用which的情况 以下情况只能用which，不能用that： 1. 引导非限制性定语从句 2. 介词提前，关系词作介词宾语 3. 先行词本身是that/those 1. The book, which I bought yesterday, is very popular. 2. This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived. 4 who vs whom vs whose 1. who：主格，在从句中作主语，口语中可作宾语 2. whom：宾格，在从句中作宾语，正式文体中不可省略，介词提前时必须用whom 3. whose：所有格，表所属关系，在从句中作定语 1. The girl who helped me is my classmate.（作主语） 2. The man whom you just talked to is our head teacher.（作宾语） 3. This is the boy whose father is a famous writer.（作定语） 5 关系副词when/where/why vs 介词+which 关系副词 = 介词 + which，可相互转换，是初升高高频考点 1. when = in/on/at + which 2. where = in/on/at + which 3. why = for + which 1. I still remember the day when we graduated. = I still remember the day on which we graduated. 2. This is the factory where my father works. = This is the factory in which my father works. 6 as vs which 引导非限制性定语从句 1. as：可放在句首、句中、句尾，常与know, see, expect等动词连用，表“正如……” 2. which：只能放在主句之后，可指代整个主句或主句中的部分内容 1. As is known to all, China is a developing country.（句首，只能用as） 2. He won the game, which made us very excited.（句尾，指代整个主句） 考点一、关系代词引导限制性定语从句 1．这是对我们来说很重要的一场考试。（定语从句）(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 2．— Do you know Yanni Wu? — Sure! She is the one _______ won the silver medal in The 100 meter hurdles A．who B．what C．which 3．If you feel like you have problems that you can’t solve, you will make yourself miserable. A．定语 B．状语 C．宾语 D．宾补 4．It is a musical instrument ________ has strings. A．which B．whose C．who D．whom 5．I know a friend ________ brother is a pop singer. A．which B．that C．whose D．whom 6．He is the musician ________ I met yesterday. A．which B．where C．whose D．whom 7．We felt it a pity that the research team failed to find such a plant had been described in the botanist’s diary. (用适当的词填空) 考点二、关系副词引导限制性定语从句 8．This is the house ________ I lived 20 years ago. A．where B．when C．why D．that 9．The lab ________ we conducted the chemistry experiment last week will be upgraded next month for better safety conditions. A．when B．where C．which D．that 10．The reason she was late for the meeting was that she overslept. (用适当的词填空) 11．The reason ________ she was late for the exam was that she got stuck in a traffic jam. A．that B．which C．who D．why 12．There was a time ______ people were divided geographically. A．that B．where C．when D．as 13．Andria’s brilliant project to bring artists from all fields into direct contact with children is particularly welcome at a time the arts are being downgraded in schools. (用适当的词填空) 14．We are living in an information age ________ many things can be done on the Internet. A．when B．where C．that D．which 考点三、关系代词引导非限制性定语从句 15．________ is known to us all, the earth moves around the sun. A．What B．That C．It D．As 16．The humans are destroying nature day by day, ______ will cause severe punishment from it sooner or later. A．who B．when C．that D．which 17．Since 1995, ________ people call the Year of the Internet, the world has turned flat thanks to the network. A．when B．which C．in which D．what 18．The book, ________ cover was damaged in the rain, contained rare historical documents that were valuable to researchers. A．who B．whose C．which D．that 19．The course normally attracts about 100 students per year, ______ up to half will be from abroad. A．who B．of which C．whom D．of whom 20．Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, ________ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford- upon- Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown. A．who B．which C．that D．whose 21．He lived in a big house, in front of stood a big tall tree. (用适当的词填空) 考点四、关系副词引导非限制性定语从句 22．There are Chinese tea stores, ________________ (游客可以在那里品尝) and buy varieties of Chinese tea. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 23．Learning is a never-ending journey, a good attitude is important. A．when B．whose C．which D．where 24．The best time to visit Disneyland is during the summer and holidays, Disneyland hours are the longest, meaning more hours to play, more things to do, and more rides to experience. (用适当的词填空) 25．I didn't become a serious climber until the fifth grade， I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree. (适当形式填空) 26．In the book, the writer described a beautiful place ________ three rivers joined together. A．which B．where C．what D．when 27．The human has entered the AI era, robots are used in ordinary life, bringing great convenience to people. (用适当的词填空) 28．节日是一种让我们能够享受轻松氛围的时刻。(atmosphere)(汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 考点一、限制性定语从句 29．The website has helped more poor village children with the money ________ people raise. A．which B．who C．where D．what 30．After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town he grew up as a child. 31．我永远不会忘记你对我和我的家人所表现出的善良和温暖。(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________________________ 32．This is a book cover is blue. (用适当的词填空) 33．她结交了愿意帮助她的新朋友。(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________________________ 34．You are the very student I’m looking for. (用适当的词填空) 35．Is this college _____ they went to last year? Is this the university ____ you visited last time? A．that, the one B．which, where C．the one, which D．the one, what 考点二、非限制性定语从句 36．The new teaching method, ________ has been praised by educators, focuses on student-centered learning and critical thinking skills. A．what B．that C．which D．where 37．Thousands of years ago, they formed those ancient tea plantations, ________________ (最好的礼物) that nature has granted us. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 38．There are 45 students in my class, most of _______ are Chinese. A．whom B．who C．they D．them 39．She came with her three friends, none of ______ I have ever met before. A．them B．those C．who D．whom 40．不管做什么，他总是领先，这使他赢得了别人的尊重。(in the lead, respect) （汉译英） 41．Edison________ questions, ________made his teacher very angry. A．always asked, that B．was always asking, which C．has always asked, which D．had always asked, that 42．Dragon Head-raising Day, ___________falls each year on the second day of the second lunar month, is one of the Chinese traditional festivals. A．that B．where C．when D．which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：每年农历二月初二的龙头节是中国的传统节日之一。此处Dragon Head-raising Day是先行词，指物，在后面的句子中作主语，这里是关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句。故选D。                                 选词填空 43．Her mother, is a doctor, always encourages her to study medicine.(who/whom/which) 44．The book, cover is blue, was written by a famous writer.(whose/which/that) 45．He went to Paris, he met his wife for the first time.(where/when/why) 46．She won the competition, made her parents very proud.(which/as/that) 47．We all like the movie, we have seen twice.(which/what/who) 48．Tom, with I played tennis yesterday, is a good friend of mine.(whom/who/that) 49．The summer holiday, we traveled to Beijing, was very enjoyable.(when/where/which) 50． we all know, the earth goes around the sun.(As/Which/That) 51．There are 30 students in the class, most of are boys.(whom/which/them) 52．The reason, he explained at the meeting, was not convincing.(which/why/that) 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $