暑假作业03 非谓语动词（巩固培优）高一英语外研版

**基本信息** 以非谓语动词分类-辨析-应用为主线，通过结构化表格梳理核心特征，聚焦易混点对比，构建“概念-辨析-解题”逻辑链，提升语言运用与思维辨析能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |核心分类|4类非谓语动词表格|分类特征/成分/例句对应，明确不定式、动名词等核心结构与功能|从概念定义（类型/结构）到特征分析（主动/被动等），再到成分功能（主语/定语等），形成完整概念链| |易混点辨析|5组易混对比|对比不定式vs动名词作主语/宾语、现在分词vs过去分词作定语/状语等核心区别|通过对比揭示非谓语动词在时态、语态、功能上的内在差异，培养逻辑辨析能力| |分考点应用|约55题（选择/填空/翻译）|固定搭配归纳（如remember to do/doing）、语境应用技巧（如分词作状语主被动判断）|从单一考点（不定式/动名词等）到综合应用，实现知识迁移，提升语言运用能力|

完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业03非谓语动词 1、 非谓语动词核心分类 非谓语动词核心分类 序号 非谓语类型 核心结构 核心特征 可充当句子成分 适配例句（初三升高一） 1 不定式（to do） 带to：to + 动词原形 不带to：动词原形 1. 表将来、目的、具体动作 2. 具有名词、形容词、副词特征 3. 不带to的不定式仅用于固定搭配 主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、宾补 1. To learn English well is very important.（作主语） 2. My dream is to enter a good senior high school.（作表语） 3. We want to improve our English grades.（作宾语） 4. I have a lot of homework to do.（作定语） 5. He got up early to catch the first bus.（作状语） 6. Our teacher often encourages us to study hard.（作宾补） 2 动名词（doing） 动词原形 + -ing 1. 表经常性、习惯性、抽象动作 2. 具有名词特征，可充当名词能做的所有成分 主语、表语、宾语、定语 1. Reading English in the morning is a good habit.（作主语） 2. My favorite hobby is playing basketball.（作表语） 3. I enjoy listening to English songs.（作宾语） 4. There is a swimming pool in our school.（作定语） 3 现在分词（doing） 动词原形 + -ing 1. 表主动、进行的动作 2. 具有形容词、副词特征 3. 与动名词形式完全一致，语法功能不同 定语、状语、表语、宾补 1. The girl standing under the tree is my new classmate.（作定语） 2. Hearing the news, we all felt very excited.（作状语） 3. The story is very interesting.（作表语） 4. I saw him playing basketball on the playground.（作宾补） 4 过去分词（done） 动词过去分词（规则动词+ed，不规则动词特殊变化） 1. 表被动、完成的动作 2. 具有形容词、副词特征 定语、状语、表语、宾补 1. The book written by Lu Xun is very famous.（作定语） 2. Seen from the top of the hill, our school looks very beautiful.（作状语） 3. We were all excited at the good news.（作表语） 4. He had his bike repaired yesterday.（作宾补） 2、 高频易混点辨析（直击衔接难点） 易混时态辨析 序号 易混组 核心区别 例句对比 1 不定式（to do）vs 动名词（doing）作主语 1. 不定式：表具体、一次性、将来的动作，常用it作形式主语 2. 动名词：表抽象、习惯性、经常性的动作，多用于句首 1. To finish this homework today is impossible. = It is impossible to finish this homework today.（具体一次性动作） 2. Doing eye exercises is good for our eyes.（习惯性抽象动作） 2 不定式vs动名词作宾语 1. 固定动词后只能接不定式：want, hope, decide, plan, agree, offer, promise 2. 固定动词后只能接动名词：enjoy, finish, practice, mind, keep, suggest, avoid 3. 可接两者但含义不同：remember/forget/regret/stop/go on 1. I hope to visit the Great Wall this summer.（不定式） 2. He has finished doing his homework.（动名词） 3. Remember to close the door when you leave.（记得去做，未做） 4. I remember closing the door just now.（记得做过，已做） 3 现在分词（doing）vs 过去分词（done）作定语 1. 现在分词：与被修饰名词是主动关系，表动作正在进行 2. 过去分词：与被修饰名词是被动关系，表动作已经完成 1. The running boy is my brother.（男孩主动跑，现在分词） 2. The broken window was repaired by my father.（窗户被打碎，过去分词） 4 现在分词vs过去分词作状语 1. 现在分词：与句子主语是主动关系，表伴随、原因、时间等 2. 过去分词：与句子主语是被动关系，表条件、原因、时间等 1. Walking in the street, I met an old friend.（我主动走，现在分词） 2. Given more time, I can finish the work better.（我被给予更多时间，过去分词） 5 不定式作宾补vs现在分词作宾补 1. 不定式：表动作的全过程、已经完成 2. 现在分词：表动作正在进行、部分过程 1. I saw him enter the classroom.（看见他进教室的全过程，不定式） 2. I saw him entering the classroom.（看见他正在进教室，现在分词） 考点一、动词不定式 1．I didn’t mean ________ anything but the ice cream looked so inviting that I can’t help ________ it. A．to eat; to try B．to eat; trying C．eating; trying D．eating; to try 2．She expressed her wish (speak) to the manager. (所给词的适当形式填空) 3．Students tend (admire) the teachers who do justice to every student. (所给词的适当形式填空) 4．Wendy is always the first one (arrive) at school. (所给词的适当形式填空) 5．An exhibition of students’ traditional Chinese paintings _____________ (按计划安排将举行) on the second floor of our library from May 15 to May 24. （根据汉语提示完成句子） 6．As far as I am concerned, _____________ (我们的责任) to protect and spread traditional Chinese culture to the world. (it形式主语) （根据汉语提示完成句子） 7．As a senior student, I _____________ (宁愿自己独自待着), focusing on my study. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 考点二、动名词 8．After several months of professional training, they were made used ________ the machine. A．to operating on B．to operate C．to operating D．to operate on 9．These days Tom is considering ________ to Hong Kong. A．travel B．traveling C．to travel 10．I think you can’t put off (go) to see the dentist any longer. (所给词的适当形式填空) 11． (wash) hands frequently is a good habit for our health. (所给词的适当形式填空) 12．________________ (他的到来) made me happy. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 13．保持积极乐观使我们生活更美好。（汉译英） ________________________________________________________________ 14．进入新的学校后，我发现我遇到了很多友好的同学们。(汉译英) ___________________________________________________ 考点三、现在分词 15．Some psychologists suggest that when ________ with a difficult task, one could improve his performance when mentally imagining himself ________ well. A．facing; performing B．faced; performing C．faced; to perform D．facing; having performed 16．________ people around him ________ to find a satisfactory job, he felt hopeless and decided to quit from the job market. A．Seeing, to fail B．Seen, failing C．To see, failed D．Seeing, fail 17．________ the final draft of her research paper, Emily submitted it to the science competition before the deadline. A．Writing B．Having written C．Written D．Being written 18．We were very excited to see the red sun from the sea when we arrived at the beach.(rise) （所给词的适当形式填空） 19．With the exam approaching, I find myself (work) harder than before. （所给词的适当形式填空） 20．The river ________ through Huai’an is called the Grand Canal (大运河). A．flows B．flowed C．flowing D．to flow 21． (look) around, I realized with a shock that I was the only passenger left on the bus. (所给词的适当形式填空) 考点四、过去分词 22．Born and ________ in a poor family, he has always ________ confidence and is afraid of doing anything wrong to let his parents ________. A．risen... lacked of... down B．rose... been lacking in... out C．bred... lacked... down D．raised... lacked... out 23．The essay, ________ by three senior teachers, was finally accepted for publication in the national education journal. A．reviewing B．reviewed C．to review D．being reviewing 24．John got (injure) in the left foot in the football game yesterday. (所给词的适当形式填空) 25．________________ (有了) advanced knowledge, we can struggle against nature. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 26． with televisions, mobile phones are taking up more of our free time. (compare) （所给词的适当形式填空） 27．No one speaks to her, so she always feels ________. A．leaving out B．leave out C．left out D．leaves out 28．Sometimes they strongly (agree) with each other, so they need to communicate more often. 考点五、动词的固定结构 29．—你父母是什么时候动身去北京的? —上周，他们离开家已经一个星期了。 — When did your parents ________ Beijing? — Last week. They ________ from home for a week. 30．不要在网络上泄漏你的私人信息。（翻译句子） Don’t let __________ your __________ __________. 31．We are ______ (应该) to behave properly in public places. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 32．Alice might be in the library now. I saw her ______ our classroom just now. A．to pass B．passed C．pass D．passes 33．On her first day of senior high school, Han Jing really wanted to________（给……留下美好的第一印象）her teachers and classmates. （根据汉语提示完成句子） 34．The determined young man struggled (make) ends meet, working part-time in a restaurant in his spare time. (所给词的适当形式填空） 35．Looking around, I found myself (surround) by a group of children full of curiosity. (所给词的适当形式填空) 考点一、非谓语动词正确形式填空 36．Peking duck, (regard) as one of the most delicious dishes in China, has earned a home and abroad. （所给词的适当形式填空） 37．In my daily life, I always want things to be done quickly. However, the results tend (turn) out just the opposite of what I wish. （所给词的适当形式填空） 38．Moved by the story, she felt a strong desire (help) and care for others. （所给词的适当形式填空） 39．Earth Day, marked on 22 April, is an annual event (aim) at raising public awareness about environmental protection. (所给词的适当形式填空) 40．The heart- warming story began in September last year when a woman asked the primary school in her neighbourhood (accept) her six- year- old son. (所给词的适当形式填空) 41．Do you think it is necessary (read) aloud in the morning? (所给词的适当形式填空) 42．On the night of my birthday, I could hear the windows (beat) by the raindrops. (所给词的适当形式填空) 43．We were having a meal when he met some of his old friends and went off with them, (leave) me in lunch to pay the bill. (所给词的适当形式填空) 44．The earliest batch (批) of tea is often ready (pick) before early April. (所给词的适当形式填空) 45．Tom was unlikely   (miss) the early bus because he got up early. (所给词的适当形式填空) 考点二、非谓语动词完成句子 46．Libraries, (target) at various age groups will often hold reading group sessions. (所给词的适当形式填空) 47．I know senior high school will be full of challenges, but I decide to ________ (竭尽全力,全力以赴) and face them bravely. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 48．The students got poor marks this time, so their teacher told them ________________ (要更细心) next time. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 49．My dream ________________ (是成为一名设计师). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 50．多阅读使你更容易在学习上处于领先地位。 Reading more ________________ in your study. 51．他开始对这一重大日子倒计时了。 He began to ________ ________ to the big day. 52．让我来向你展示如何使用国家反诈中心软件。 Let me show you _______ ______ use the App called “National Anti-Fraud ( Ii iF5) Centre”. 53．如果继续齐心协力, 我们一定能解决困难。 If we continue to_____________ _____________. we will solve difficulties. 54．记住，当你看到邮局时就向右转。 Remember to _________ _________ when you see the post office. 55．我期待着更加独立并对自己的学习负责。 I’m looking forward to ______________________________________. 根据语境，选择恰当的短语完成下列各句。短语中有一个为多余短语 put up   argue with   table manners   on fire   get on with   put off 56．Never what you can do today until tomorrow. 57．Edison often goes camping with his friends. They like to tents together. 58．It’s important for us to our parents. We should communicate more with them. 59．Steve is going to Beijing to study, so he is asking his friend about the in China. 60．If you find something in the room, you should cut off the electricity and leave the house at once. 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业03非谓语动词 1、 非谓语动词核心分类 非谓语动词核心分类 序号 非谓语类型 核心结构 核心特征 可充当句子成分 适配例句（初三升高一） 1 不定式（to do） 带to：to + 动词原形 不带to：动词原形 1. 表将来、目的、具体动作 2. 具有名词、形容词、副词特征 3. 不带to的不定式仅用于固定搭配 主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、宾补 1. To learn English well is very important.（作主语） 2. My dream is to enter a good senior high school.（作表语） 3. We want to improve our English grades.（作宾语） 4. I have a lot of homework to do.（作定语） 5. He got up early to catch the first bus.（作状语） 6. Our teacher often encourages us to study hard.（作宾补） 2 动名词（doing） 动词原形 + -ing 1. 表经常性、习惯性、抽象动作 2. 具有名词特征，可充当名词能做的所有成分 主语、表语、宾语、定语 1. Reading English in the morning is a good habit.（作主语） 2. My favorite hobby is playing basketball.（作表语） 3. I enjoy listening to English songs.（作宾语） 4. There is a swimming pool in our school.（作定语） 3 现在分词（doing） 动词原形 + -ing 1. 表主动、进行的动作 2. 具有形容词、副词特征 3. 与动名词形式完全一致，语法功能不同 定语、状语、表语、宾补 1. The girl standing under the tree is my new classmate.（作定语） 2. Hearing the news, we all felt very excited.（作状语） 3. The story is very interesting.（作表语） 4. I saw him playing basketball on the playground.（作宾补） 4 过去分词（done） 动词过去分词（规则动词+ed，不规则动词特殊变化） 1. 表被动、完成的动作 2. 具有形容词、副词特征 定语、状语、表语、宾补 1. The book written by Lu Xun is very famous.（作定语） 2. Seen from the top of the hill, our school looks very beautiful.（作状语） 3. We were all excited at the good news.（作表语） 4. He had his bike repaired yesterday.（作宾补） 2、 高频易混点辨析（直击衔接难点） 易混时态辨析 序号 易混组 核心区别 例句对比 1 不定式（to do）vs 动名词（doing）作主语 1. 不定式：表具体、一次性、将来的动作，常用it作形式主语 2. 动名词：表抽象、习惯性、经常性的动作，多用于句首 1. To finish this homework today is impossible. = It is impossible to finish this homework today.（具体一次性动作） 2. Doing eye exercises is good for our eyes.（习惯性抽象动作） 2 不定式vs动名词作宾语 1. 固定动词后只能接不定式：want, hope, decide, plan, agree, offer, promise 2. 固定动词后只能接动名词：enjoy, finish, practice, mind, keep, suggest, avoid 3. 可接两者但含义不同：remember/forget/regret/stop/go on 1. I hope to visit the Great Wall this summer.（不定式） 2. He has finished doing his homework.（动名词） 3. Remember to close the door when you leave.（记得去做，未做） 4. I remember closing the door just now.（记得做过，已做） 3 现在分词（doing）vs 过去分词（done）作定语 1. 现在分词：与被修饰名词是主动关系，表动作正在进行 2. 过去分词：与被修饰名词是被动关系，表动作已经完成 1. The running boy is my brother.（男孩主动跑，现在分词） 2. The broken window was repaired by my father.（窗户被打碎，过去分词） 4 现在分词vs过去分词作状语 1. 现在分词：与句子主语是主动关系，表伴随、原因、时间等 2. 过去分词：与句子主语是被动关系，表条件、原因、时间等 1. Walking in the street, I met an old friend.（我主动走，现在分词） 2. Given more time, I can finish the work better.（我被给予更多时间，过去分词） 5 不定式作宾补vs现在分词作宾补 1. 不定式：表动作的全过程、已经完成 2. 现在分词：表动作正在进行、部分过程 1. I saw him enter the classroom.（看见他进教室的全过程，不定式） 2. I saw him entering the classroom.（看见他正在进教室，现在分词） 考点一、动词不定式 1．I didn’t mean ________ anything but the ice cream looked so inviting that I can’t help ________ it. A．to eat; to try B．to eat; trying C．eating; trying D．eating; to try 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我本不打算吃任何东西，但是冰淇淋看起来太诱人了，我忍不住尝了尝。固定搭配mean to do sth.意为“打算做某事”，can’t help doing sth.意为“忍不住做某事”。根据句意可知，此处表示“不打算吃”和“忍不住尝”，分别需要使用to eat和trying。 2．She expressed her wish (speak) to the manager. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to speak 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她表达了想和经理谈话的愿望。名词wish后常接不定式作后置定语。故填to speak。 3．Students tend (admire) the teachers who do justice to every student. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to admire 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：学生们往往敬佩公平对待每一位学生的老师。tend to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“倾向于做某事，往往会做某事”，所以此处使用动词不定式形式to admire作宾语。故填to admire。 4．Wendy is always the first one (arrive) at school. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to arrive 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：温迪总是第一个到学校的人。此处one由序数词修饰，后跟不定式作后置定语。故填to arrive。 5．An exhibition of students’ traditional Chinese paintings _____________ (按计划安排将举行) on the second floor of our library from May 15 to May 24. （根据汉语提示完成句子） 【答案】is scheduled to be held 【详解】考查动词和固定搭配。句意：一场学生们的中国传统绘画展览将于 5 月 15 日至 5 月 24 日在我们图书馆的二楼举行。“按计划做某事”应该用固定搭配be scheduled to do表示，主语是an exhibition，所以be动词用is，“举行”用动词hold表示，动词hold与主语an exhibition之间是被动关系，所以此处应该用不定式的被动语态。故填is scheduled to be held。 6．As far as I am concerned, _____________ (我们的责任) to protect and spread traditional Chinese culture to the world. (it形式主语) （根据汉语提示完成句子） 【答案】it is our responsibility 【详解】考查形式主语。句意：在我看来，保护并传播中国传统文化以向世界推广是我们的责任所在。根据汉语提示和题干要求，此处构成it is+名词+to do sth，it为形式主语，真正的主语为后文的不定式结构。表示“我们的责任”用our responsibility。故填it is our responsibility。 7．As a senior student, I _____________ (宁愿自己独自待着), focusing on my study. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】prefer to be left alone 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：作为一名大四学生，我宁愿独处，专心钻研学业。表示“宁愿做某事”应用prefer to do sth，陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为I，谓语动词用原形；表示“独自待着”应用leave alone，I和leave alone为被动关系，此处使用动词不定式的被动式。故填prefer to be left alone。 考点二、动名词 8．After several months of professional training, they were made used ________ the machine. A．to operating on B．to operate C．to operating D．to operate on 【答案】C 【详解】考查介词和动名词。句意：经过几个月的专业训练，他们已经习惯操作这台机器了。be used to“习惯于……”to是介词，其后接operate的动名词形式作宾语，且operate“操作”是及物动词，后面直接跟宾语。综上，故选C。 9．These days Tom is considering ________ to Hong Kong. A．travel B．traveling C．to travel 【答案】B 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：这些天汤姆正在考虑去香港旅行。consider doing sth.“考虑做某事”，动词的-ing形式作宾语，表示“考虑做某事”。故选B。 10．I think you can’t put off (go) to see the dentist any longer. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】going 【详解】考查动名词。句意：我认为你不能再推迟去看牙医了。put off doing sth.是固定用法，意为“推迟做某事”，动名词作宾语。故填going。 11． (wash) hands frequently is a good habit for our health. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Washing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：经常洗手对我们的健康来说是个好习惯。wash是动词，在此句中，需将其变为动名词Washing，在句首作主语，首字母大写。故填Washing。 12．________________ (他的到来) made me happy. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】His coming/That he came 【详解】考查动名词或者从句。句意：他的到来使我开心。句首需要一个主语来表示“他的到来”。可用His coming，是动名词的复合结构，在句中作主语；或用That he came，是主语从句，that不做任何成分，也不能省略。首字母大写。故填His coming / That he came。 13．保持积极乐观使我们生活更美好。（汉译英） ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Staying positive will make our lives better. 【详解】考查动名词和使役动词。根据句意，该句表达客观道理，可使用一般将来时。“保持积极乐观”为stay positive，在句中作主语，描述一般性动作，使用动名词形式作主语，位于句首单词首字母需大写，所以主语部分译为Staying positive；“使我们生活更美好”中，“使”用使役动词make，用于一般将来时，所以谓语动词为will make， “我们生活”译为our lives作宾语，“更美好”译为better作宾语补足语。故翻译为Staying positive will make our lives better. 14．进入新的学校后，我发现我遇到了很多友好的同学们。(汉译英) ___________________________________________________ 【答案】After entering the new school, I found that I met many friendly classmates. 【详解】考查非谓语动词、谓语动词时态和宾语从句。句子陈述过去的事实，用一般过去时；“……后”作时间状语，用介词after；“进入”作介词after的宾语，用动名词形式entering；“新的学校”作动词enter的宾语，用名词短语the new school；“我”作主语，用人称代词主格I；“发现”作谓语动词，用动词find的过去式found；“我遇到了很多友好的同学们”用宾语从句作动词found的宾语，从句用that引导，不充当成分，没有具体含义；在从句中，“我”作主语，用人称代词主格I；“遇到了”作谓语，用meet的过去式met；“很多友好的同学们”作动词met的宾语，用名词短语many friendly classmates。故翻译为After entering the new school, I found that I met many friendly classmates. 考点三、现在分词 15．Some psychologists suggest that when ________ with a difficult task, one could improve his performance when mentally imagining himself ________ well. A．facing; performing B．faced; performing C．faced; to perform D．facing; having performed 【答案】B 【详解】考查状语从句中的省略、非谓语动词。句意：一些心理学家建议，当面对一项困难的任务时，一个人如果在心理上想象自己表现良好，就能提高自己的表现。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时或从句主语为it时，可以省略状语从句的主语和be动词。故“when ________ with a difficult task”为时间状语从句的省略形式，完整形式为when one is_____ (face) with a difficult task，be faced with“面对”为固定短语，第一空用过去分词faced。imagine sb doing sth为固定短语，意为“想象某人做某事”，第二空应用perform“表现”的现在分词performing，作宾补。故选B。 16．________ people around him ________ to find a satisfactory job, he felt hopeless and decided to quit from the job market. A．Seeing, to fail B．Seen, failing C．To see, failed D．Seeing, fail 【答案】D 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：看到周围的人都找不到满意的工作，他感到绝望，决定退出就业市场。第一空为非谓语动词作状语，与逻辑主语he是主动关系，应使用现在分词形式Seeing，排除B项（过去分词表被动）和C项（不定式表目的或将来）；第二空为“see sb. do sth.”是固定搭配，表示“看到某人做某事，强调动作的全过程或经常发生”，此处“周围的人找不到工作”是他看到的完整情况，应用动词原形fail，排除A项。故选D项。 17．________ the final draft of her research paper, Emily submitted it to the science competition before the deadline. A．Writing B．Having written C．Written D．Being written 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：写完研究论文的终稿后，艾米丽在截止日期前将其提交给了科学竞赛。句中已有谓语动词“submitted”，且无连词，故空格处为非谓语动词作状语；write与逻辑主语Emily是主动关系，且“写完论文”发生在“提交”之前，即动作先于谓语动词发生，应用现在分词的完成式“having written”。故选B项。 18．We were very excited to see the red sun from the sea when we arrived at the beach.(rise) （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】rising 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：到达海滩时，看到红太阳从海上升起，我们非常兴奋。空处应用非谓语动词作宾补，宾语sun和rise为主动关系，且表动作正在进行，应用现在分词形式。故填rising。 19．With the exam approaching, I find myself (work) harder than before. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】working 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着考试临近，我发现自己比以前更努力了。这里考查“find + 宾语（myself） + 宾语补足语”的结构；myself与work为主动关系，所以应用现在分词作宾补。故填working。 20．The river ________ through Huai’an is called the Grand Canal (大运河). A．flows B．flowed C．flowing D．to flow 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：流经淮安的这条河被称为大运河。句中已有is called，空处作后置定语修饰名词The river，The river和flow之间是主动关系，应用现在分词flowing作后置定语。故选C。 21． (look) around, I realized with a shock that I was the only passenger left on the bus. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Looking 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：环顾四周，我震惊地意识到自己是公交车上剩下的唯一乘客。句中已有谓语动词realized，且设空处与谓语动词之间没有连词，因此设空处需用非谓语动词形式，动词look与主语I之间为主动关系，且look around的动作与realized的动作几乎同时发生，因此用现在分词作伴随状语，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Looking。 考点四、过去分词 22．Born and ________ in a poor family, he has always ________ confidence and is afraid of doing anything wrong to let his parents ________. A．risen... lacked of... down B．rose... been lacking in... out C．bred... lacked... down D．raised... lacked... out 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词词义辨析、固定搭配及非谓语动词。句意：他在一个贫困的家庭出生并被抚养长大，一直缺乏自信，还害怕做错任何事让父母失望。第一空，分析句子结构，“Born”为过去分词作状语，此处与“Born”并列，也需用过去分词形式，且表示“被抚养”的含义：A项“risen”（rise的过去分词）意为“上升”，无“抚养”义；B项“rose”（rise的过去式）是谓语动词形式，不可作状语，且含义不符；D项“raised”（raise的过去分词）虽有“抚养”义，但后续搭配存在错误，暂不考虑；C项“bred”（breed的过去分词）可表示“养育、抚养”，符合“被动抚养”的语境及语法要求。第二空，考查“缺乏”的表达：A项“lacked of”搭配错误，“lack”作动词时直接接宾语，无需“of”；B项“been lacking in”虽语法正确，但结合语境“一直缺乏”，用一般过去时“lacked”更简洁贴合；C项“lacked”为动词过去式，直接接宾语“confidence”，搭配正确；D项“lacked”本身正确，但后续“let out”搭配错误。第三空为固定短语“let sb. down”，意为“让某人失望”；“let sb. out”意为“让某人出去”，不符合语境。故选C项。 23．The essay, ________ by three senior teachers, was finally accepted for publication in the national education journal. A．reviewing B．reviewed C．to review D．being reviewing 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这篇论文由三位资深教师审阅后，最终被国家教育期刊接受发表。“________ by three senior teachers”作后置定语，review(审阅)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语“The essay”之间是被动关系，且“审阅”这一动作已经完成，用过去分词表被动和完成。故选B项。 24．John got (injure) in the left foot in the football game yesterday. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】injured 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：约翰在昨天的足球比赛中左脚受伤了。“get + 过去分词”构成系表结构，“get injured”表示“受伤”，这里“injured”作表语。 故填injured。 25．________________ (有了) advanced knowledge, we can struggle against nature. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】Equipped with 【详解】考查非谓语动词和固定搭配。句意：有了先进的知识，我们可以与自然斗争。equip sb. with sth.是固定搭配，意为“用某物装备某人，某人有了某物”。句中已有谓语动词can struggle，空格处应该用非谓语动词作状语，动词equip与句子主语we之间是被动关系，所以应该用过去分词equipped作状语。句首应该考虑用大写字母。故填Equipped with。 26． with televisions, mobile phones are taking up more of our free time. (compare) （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】Compared 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：与电视相比，手机占据了我们更多的空闲时间。这里compare与mobile phones是被动关系，即“手机被与电视作比较”，所以用过去分词“compared”作状语，首字母大写。故填Compared。 27．No one speaks to her, so she always feels ________. A．leaving out B．leave out C．left out D．leaves out 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：没人跟她说话，所以她总觉得自己被忽略了。本句谓语为speaks和feels，此处为非谓语动词，且she与leave out“忽略，冷落”为被动关系，本空应用过去分词短语left out，作表语。故选C。 28．Sometimes they strongly (agree) with each other, so they need to communicate more often. 【答案】disagree 【详解】考查动词。句意：有时他们彼此意见相左，所以他们需要更频繁地沟通。根据“so they need to communicate more often”可知，此空应是指“意见不合”。agree (同意)的反义词是disagree，disagree with sb.是固定短语，意为“与某人意见不合”。根据sometimes和need可知，此空应用一般现在时，主语they是复数，谓语动词应用原形。故填disagree。 考点五、动词的固定结构 29．—你父母是什么时候动身去北京的? —上周，他们离开家已经一个星期了。 — When did your parents ________ Beijing? — Last week. They ________ from home for a week. 【答案】 leave for have been away 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。“动身去某地”强调“前往目的地”的动作，应用动词短语leave for+地点。前有did，leave应用原形，故第一空应用leave for。“for a week (持续一周)”表示动作从过去(上周)开始，持续到现在，应用现在完成时，且需用延续性动词。延续性动词短语 be away表示“处于离开的状态”，可持续。主语是they，应用have，故第二空应用have been away。故填①leave for ②have been away。 30．不要在网络上泄漏你的私人信息。（翻译句子） Don’t let __________ your __________ __________. 【答案】 out private/personal information 【详解】考查固定搭配。表示“泄露”应用固定搭配let out；表示“私人信息”应用private/personal information。故填①out；②private/personal；③information。 31．We are ______ (应该) to behave properly in public places. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】supposed 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：我们应该在公共场所举止得体。根据汉语提示“应该”以及前后提示are和to，空处填supposed，构成固定短语be supposed to do，表示“应该做某事”。故填supposed。 32．Alice might be in the library now. I saw her ______ our classroom just now. A．to pass B．passed C．pass D．passes 【答案】C 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：爱丽丝现在可能在图书馆。我刚才看见她经过我们的教室。see sb. doing强调看见某人正在做某事，未看见动作的整个过程，只看到当时正在进行；see sb. do强调看见某人做了某事，看见了动作的整个过程。根据语境可知，此处指我刚才看见她经过我们的教室的过程，应用see sb. do。故选C。 33．On her first day of senior high school, Han Jing really wanted to________（给……留下美好的第一印象）her teachers and classmates. （根据汉语提示完成句子） 【答案】make a good first impression on 【详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句意：高中的第一天，韩静非常想给老师和同学们留下一个好的第一印象。make a good first impression on...给...留下美好的第一印象；设空处在句中作非谓语，want to do sth 想做某事，设空处应用动词原形形式，故答案为make a good first impression on。 34．The determined young man struggled (make) ends meet, working part-time in a restaurant in his spare time. (所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】to make 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：这位坚定的年轻人努力奋斗维持生计，业余时间在餐馆做兼职。根据句意可知，此处是固定短语struggle to do sth.“努力做某事”。故填to make。 35．Looking around, I found myself (surround) by a group of children full of curiosity. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】surrounded 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：环顾四周，我发现自己被一群充满好奇心的孩子包围了。句中已有谓语动词found，故surround在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语myself构成被动关系，故用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填surrounded。 考点一、非谓语动词正确形式填空 36．Peking duck, (regard) as one of the most delicious dishes in China, has earned a home and abroad. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】regarded 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：北京烤鸭，被认为是中国最美味的菜肴之一，在国内外都享有盛誉。句中has earned为谓语动词，regard在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语Peking duck构成被动关系，故用过去分词表示被动关系。故填regarded。 37．In my daily life, I always want things to be done quickly. However, the results tend (turn) out just the opposite of what I wish. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】to turn 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在日常生活中，我总是希望事情能快点完成。然而，结果往往与我的期望相反。分析句子结构可知，这里考查tend to do sth，是常用结构，意为“往往会做某事；倾向于做某事”，符合语境。故填to turn。 38．Moved by the story, she felt a strong desire (help) and care for others. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】to help 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：被这个故事打动后，她产生了一种强烈的帮助和关心他人的愿望。分析句子结构可知，这里考查a desire to do sth，为固定搭配，意为“做某事的愿望”，所以用不定式作后置定语，符合语境。故填to help。 39．Earth Day, marked on 22 April, is an annual event (aim) at raising public awareness about environmental protection. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】aimed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：4月22日是地球日，是一项旨在提高公众环保意识的年度活动。这里考查非谓语，设空处作定语修饰前面名词an annual event，an annual event与动词aim之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填aimed。 40．The heart- warming story began in September last year when a woman asked the primary school in her neighbourhood (accept) her six- year- old son. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】 to accept 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个暖心的故事始于去年 9 月，当时一位女士请求她所在社区的小学接收她 6 岁的儿子。ask sb/sth. to do sth. 是固定短语，意为 “请求某人/某物做某事”，这里是请求学校接受她的儿子，所以要用动词不定式形式，故填 to accept。 41．Do you think it is necessary (read) aloud in the morning? (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to read 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你认为早上大声朗读是必要的吗？句中it为形式主语，空处需要动词不定式作真正的主语，构成“It is/was+adj. to do sth.”的句型。故填to read。 42．On the night of my birthday, I could hear the windows (beat) by the raindrops. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】beaten 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在我生日的那天晚上，我能听到雨滴打在窗户上的声音。句中谓语是could hear，空格处用非谓语动词，宾语the windows和beat是逻辑被动关系，结合by可知，空格处用过去分词形式作宾补，故填beaten。 43．We were having a meal when he met some of his old friends and went off with them, (leave) me in lunch to pay the bill. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】leaving 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们正在吃饭的时候，他遇到了几个老朋友，就和他们一起走了，留下我吃午饭付账。leave的逻辑主语是前面的句子，两者之间是主谓关系，使用现在分词作结果状语，故填leaving。 44．The earliest batch (批) of tea is often ready (pick) before early April. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to be picked 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：最早一批的茶叶通常在四月初之前就可以采摘了。be ready to do sth“准备好做某事”，且pick和主语The earliest batch (批) of tea之间是被动关系，故此处使用动词不定式的被动式，故填to be picked。 45．Tom was unlikely   (miss) the early bus because he got up early. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to miss 【详解】考查非谓语。句意：汤姆不可能错过早班公共汽车，因为他起得早。短语be unlikely to do sth.意为“不可能做某事”，空处应用不定式形式to miss。故填to miss。 考点二、非谓语动词完成句子 46．Libraries, (target) at various age groups will often hold reading group sessions. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】targeted 【详解】考查非谓语。句意：以不同年龄群体为目标的图书馆经常举办读书小组会议。分析句子结构可知，Libraries为句子主语，句子的谓语是“will often hold”，空处应用非谓语作定语修饰Libraries，target与主语构成被动关系，应用过去分词形式targeted。故填targeted。 47．I know senior high school will be full of challenges, but I decide to ________ (竭尽全力,全力以赴) and face them bravely. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】go all out 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：我知道高中将充满挑战，但我决定全力以赴并勇敢面对它们。 表示“竭尽全力，全力以赴”应为go all out，根据空格前的“decide to”可知，空格处应填动词原形，所以应填go all out。故填go all out。 48．The students got poor marks this time, so their teacher told them ________________ (要更细心) next time. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】to be more careful 【详解】考查动词不定式和形容词。句意：学生们这次成绩很差，所以老师告诉他们下次要更细心。固定短语tell sb. to do sth.表示“告诉某人做某事”，表示“细心”用be careful，位于不定式符号to后，be用原形。careful的比较级more careful“更细心”。故填to be more careful。 49．My dream ________________ (是成为一名设计师). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】is to become a designer 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：我的梦想是成为一名设计师。表示“是”应用be动词，本句描述一般事实，时态应用一般现在时，主语为My dream，be动词应用is。表示“成为”用become，对主语dream进行说明，用不定式作表语，表示“一名设计师”应用 a designer。故填is to become a designer。 50．多阅读使你更容易在学习上处于领先地位。 Reading more ________________ in your study. 【答案】makes it easier for you to take the lead 【详解】考查动词短语及形式宾语。根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少“使你更容易处于领先地位”，“使某人更容易做某事”的英文表达为make it easier for sb to do sth，其中it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为不定式短语，“你”为代词you，“处于领先地位”的英文表达为take the lead；句子描述的是一般性事实，应用一般现在时，动名词短语“Reading more”作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数makes。故填makes it easier for you to take the lead。 51．他开始对这一重大日子倒计时了。 He began to ________ ________ to the big day. 【答案】 count down 【详解】考查动词短语。中英文句子对比可知，空处表示“倒计时”，可用动词短语count down，且这里应用动词原形与前面to构成不定式作宾语。故填count down。 52．让我来向你展示如何使用国家反诈中心软件。 Let me show you _______ ______ use the App called “National Anti-Fraud ( Ii iF5) Centre”. 【答案】 how to 【详解】考查“疑问词+不定式”结构。此处是“特殊疑问词+不定式”结构，作宾语，“如何”使用疑问词how，故填①how②to。 53．如果继续齐心协力, 我们一定能解决困难。 If we continue to_____________ _____________. we will solve difficulties. 【答案】 pull together 【详解】考查动词短语。根据句意“齐心协力”用pull together表达，结合短语continue to do sth，可知动词不定式符号to后接动词原形。故填pull together。 54．记住，当你看到邮局时就向右转。 Remember to _________ _________ when you see the post office. 【答案】 turn right 【详解】考查动词短语。空处表示“向右转”，使用动词短语turn right，空前的to是不定式符号，后接动词原形，故填①turn②right。 55．我期待着更加独立并对自己的学习负责。 I’m looking forward to ______________________________________. 【答案】being more independent and responsible for my own learning 【详解】考查名词、动名词、形容词和短语。根据句意可知，表示“更加独立”可用短语be more independent，因为to是介词，所以用动名词形式being；表示“对……负责”可用短语responsible for，且用连词and连接两个短语；表示“自己的学习”可用短语my own learning。故答案为being more independent and responsible for my own learning。 根据语境，选择恰当的短语完成下列各句。短语中有一个为多余短语 put up   argue with   table manners   on fire   get on with   put off 56．Never what you can do today until tomorrow. 57．Edison often goes camping with his friends. They like to tents together. 58．It’s important for us to our parents. We should communicate more with them. 59．Steve is going to Beijing to study, so he is asking his friend about the in China. 60．If you find something in the room, you should cut off the electricity and leave the house at once. 【答案】56．put off 57．put up 58．get on with 59． table manners 60． on fire 【详解】1.考查动词短语。句意：永远不要把你今天能做的事情推迟到明天。短语：put off“推迟”符合句意，本句为祈使句。结合句中“what you can do today until tomorrow”可知，此处指不要把今天可以做的事情推迟到明天。故填put off。 2. 考查动词短语。句意：爱迪生经常和他的朋友一起去野营。他们喜欢一起搭帐篷。短语：put up“张贴；建造，搭建”符合句意，结合句中“tents together”可知，此处指爱迪生喜欢和朋友们一起搭帐篷。空前to为不定式符号，所以此处用动词原形。故填put up。 3.考查动词短语。句意：对我们来说，与父母和睦相处很重要。我们应该多和他们交流。短语：get on with “与……相处融洽”符合句意，结合句中“our parents”，可知，我们要和父母和睦相处。to后接动词原形。故填get on with。 4.考查名词短语。句意：史蒂夫要去北京学习，所以他正在问他的朋友关于中国的餐桌礼仪。短语：table manners“餐桌礼仪”符合句意，作宾语。结合前文“Steve is going to Beijing to study”可知，史蒂夫要去北京学习了，所以了解中国的餐桌礼仪是必要的。故填table manners。 5.考查介词短语。句意：如果你发现房间里有东西着火了，你应该切断电源，立即离开房间。短语：on fire“着火”符合句意，表状态，结合句中“cut off the electricity and leave the house at once”可推知，关掉电源，离开房间应该是房子有东西着火了，故填on fire。 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $