Unit 8 A green world 知识清单2025-2026学年译林版八年级英语下册

该初中英语Unit 8 A green world知识清单系统梳理了环保主题内容，涵盖环境问题、环保措施、被动语态语法及国际环保案例等范畴，搭建从基础词汇短语到跨文化环保实践的递进式学习支架。 清单通过分类标注（如词汇辨析、短语搭配）和关联拓展（如瑞士回收与中国治沙案例）呈现知识体系，突出语言能力与思维品质培养。重点标注核心词汇（如chemical, recycle）和语法结构（被动语态句型），设计“some...some...others...”等实用表达模板，助力学生高效掌握环保主题语言应用，教师可据此设计分层教学，支持学生自主学习与课堂互动。

Unit 8 A green world 1. Think green, go green, and be green. 心系环保，践行环保，成为环保使者。 2. learn about environmental problems 了解环境问题 3. become more aware of how to protect the environment 更加了解到如何保护环境 Welcome to the unit 4. four types of pollution四种污染类型 5. soil pollution土壤污染 6. chemical waste化学废弃物 chemical (adj.)化学品的；化学的；(n.)化学制品 chemistry (n.)化学 7. other rubbish from humans来自人类的其他垃圾 8. cut down too many trees砍伐过多树木 9. noise from cars, trucks and buses on the road 路上汽车、卡车和公交车产生的噪音 10. noise from building work建筑施工产生的噪音 11. burning of unclean fuels不清洁燃料的燃烧 12. smoke from factories工厂排放的烟雾 13. chemicals poured into rivers and lakes 被倾倒入河流和湖泊的化学品 14. What can we do to reduce air pollution? 我们能做些什么来减少空气污染？ 15. It's a good idea to share a ride to school with others or take the bus. 和别人拼车上学或者坐公交车是个好主意。 16. We can also ride a bike if we live close. 如果我们住得近，也可以骑自行车。 17. Some rivers don't look clean and clear! 有些河流看起来不再干净清澈了！ ①clean(v.)清洁，清理clean up打扫干净 (adj.)清洁的，干净的 ②clear(v.)清除，清理 (adj.)晴朗的；清晰的 clearly (adv.)清晰地 18. We should use more eco-friendly cleaning products. 我们应该使用更环保的清洁产品。 produce (vt.)导致，产生 product (n.)产品 production (n.)生产；产量 19. That will reduce water pollution. 那将减少水污染。 Reading 20. It is a country with high mountains and clean blue lakes. 这是一个拥有高山和清澈蓝色湖泊的国家。 21. It is beautiful, and we should try to keep it that way. 它很美丽，而且我们应该尽力让它一直保持那样。 22. In Switzerland, things like glass, plastic and paper are separated into different groups and then recycled. 在瑞士，玻璃、塑料和纸张等物品被分成不同类别，然后再回收利用。 ①divide分开(把一个整体按等量或一定比例分开) divide...into…把…分成→be divided into…被分成 ②separate分开，隔开(从集体里分出来，把若干个体分成不同小组) separate…into…把...分成→be separated into… 23. In fact, Switzerland has one of the highest levels of waste recycling in the world——it successfully recycles more than 50% of its total waste. 事实上，瑞士是世界上废物回收率最高的国家之一——它成功回收了其废物总量的50%以上。 total (adj.) 总的，全部的；in total 总计 24. I learnt about an organization for recycling clothes. 我了解到了一个回收衣物的组织。 25. It collects old clothes from all over the country. 它从全国各地收集旧衣物。 26. Some of the clothes are sold in charity shops, some are given to people in need, and others are sent to factories for recycling. 一些衣物在慈善商店出售，一些赠送给需要的人，还有一些则被送到工厂进行循环利用。 some..., some..., and others...一些..., 一些..., 还有一些... 27. My family and I often send our old clothes and shoes to this organization. 我和家人经常把我们的旧衣物和鞋子送给这个组织。 28. Our government has strict laws to protect the forest and control pollution. 我们的政府有严格的法律来保护森林和控制污染。 ①strict (adj.) 严格的，严厉的 be strict with sb对某人严格 be strict in sth在…方面严格 be strict with sb in sth在…方面对某人严格 ②control (v./n.) 控制，支配 out of control=beyond control失控 under control在控制中 29. When people break these rules, they will be punished. 当人们违反这些规定时，他们将受到惩罚。 ①break(v.)违反，违背；(使)破,裂,碎-broke-broken ②punish处罚，惩罚 → punishment (n.) 惩罚 punish sb for sth/doing sth因…而惩罚某人 →sb be punished for sth/doing sth某人因…而被惩罚 ③fine罚款fine sb for sth/doing sth因…而罚款 →sb be fined for sth/doing sth某人因…而被罚款 fine (adj.) (身体)健康的 (adv.) 够好，蛮不错 30. For example, if we drop litter in a public place, we will be fined. 例如，如果我们在公共场所扔垃圾，就会被罚款。 31. Nature is our greatest treasure. 大自然是我们的最大财富。 32. We depend on its rich resources to live, so it is important for us to protect it wisely. 我们依靠其丰富的资源生存，因此明智地保护它对我们来说很重要。 wise (adj.) 明智的，充满智慧的 wisely (adv.) 明智地，充满智慧地 wisdom (n.) 智慧 33. Luckily, we have already started to use energy from the sun, wind and water. 幸运的是，我们已经开始利用来自太阳、风和水的能源。 34. These new types of energy produce little pollution and will never run out. 这类能源产生极少污染且用之不竭。 run out 用完，耗尽（无被动） 35. They are going to be used more widely in the future. 它们未来将被更广泛地使用。 wide (adj) 宽的；宽广的 (adv.) 充分地 widely (adv.) 广泛地，普遍地 36. Tomorrow is 5 June, World Environment Day. 明天是6月5日，世界环境日。 37. Countries around the world will organize lots of activities and events to celebrate it. 世界各国将组织许多活动来庆祝它。 38. What are you going to do for the environment? 你打算为环境做些什么？ 39. Remember that everyone can do something to make a difference！ 记住，每个人都可以有所作为！ make a/no/some/much difference 有/没有/有些/有很大作用、关系、影响 40. Greenville is a perfect place to live. 格林维尔是一个完美的居住地。 41. Thanks to the efforts of the citizens over the years, Greenville has become a great eco-friendly city. 多亏市民们多年来的努力，格林维尔已经成为一个非常环保的城市。 42. There are strict laws about waste management in the city. 这个城市有关于废物管理的严格法律。 43. People have to separate their rubbish so it can be dealt with differently. 人们必须将垃圾分类，以便以不同方式处理。 44. In fact, over 40% of the total waste in Greenville is recycled. 事实上，格林维尔超过40%的垃圾被回收利用。 45. The city has also built many bicycle paths to encourage travelling by bicycle, and the number of cars on the road is controlled by the local traffic rules. 该市还修建了许多自行车道以鼓励骑自行车出行，并且当地交通规则对道路上的汽车数量进行了控制。 46. Many people now get around by bike. 现在许多人骑自行车出行。 47. This has made a difference to the air quality of the city. 这改善了该市的空气质量。 48. This is better for the environment, and the energy will never run out. 这对环境更有利，而且这种能源永远不会枯竭。 49. The citizens of Greenville live happy and healthy lives. 格林维尔的市民过着幸福、健康的生活。 50. They work together to protect the environment and build a green city. 他们共同努力保护环境，建设绿色城市。 https://www.zxxk.com/user/11987631/ Grammar 51. Last year, many trees were planted at the school during the Environment Week. 去年，在环境周期间，学校种植了许多树木。 52. This year, other eco-friendly activities will be organized. 今年，将组织其他环保活动。 53. A recycling event is going to be held at our school. 我们学校将要举办一场回收活动。 54. They’ll be sent to poor areas. 它们将被送往贫困地区。 55. I hope everyone will take an active part in at least one activity and vote for the activities you want to see in the future. 我希望每个人至少能积极参与一项活动，并为你们将来希望看到的活动投票。 vote for/against 投票赞成/反对 56. A lot of activities are going to be organized during the Environment Week. 环境周期间将组织很多活动。 57. Posters for the activities will be organized by Sandy. 这些活动的海报将由桑迪筹备。 58. Leaflets will be sent to all the people in the town. 传单将分发给镇上的所有人。 59. Some of the activities are going to be held in the town square. 部分活动将在镇广场举行。 60. The playground will be decorated with green grass and flowers. 操场将用绿草和鲜花装饰。 decorate(v.)装饰 decorate…with…用…装饰… 61. An environmental show is going to be held in the town hall. 一场环保演出将在市政厅举行。 62. There's going to be a show on environmental protection here. 这里将要举行一场关于环境保护的演出。 63. When is the show going to be held? 演出什么时候举行？ 64. Who will be invited to the show? 谁会被邀请观看演出？ 65. Videos about the changes in the environment of Sunshine Town will be shown at the show. 演出上将播放关于阳光镇环境变化的视频。 66. Ways to protect the environment will be discussed at the show. 演出上将讨论保护环境的方法。 67. Pollution is one of the biggest problems in the world today. 污染是当今世界上最大的问题之一。 68. In many places, rubbish is thrown into lakes and rivers, so many of them are polluted. 在许多地方，垃圾被扔进湖泊和河流，因此许多水域都被污染了。 ①throw(v.)扔，投，掷； throw away 扔掉 throw into 扔进 ②pollute污染→ pollution (n.) 污染；污染物；water/air/noise pollution水/空气/噪音污染 → polluted (adj.)被污染的 69.In some cities, people’s health is affected by air pollution. 在一些城市，人们的健康受到空气污染的影响。 ①affect影响(v.) affect sb ②effect (n.) 影响，结果；效果 have an effect on… 对…有影响 70. Harmful gases in the air cause coughing or worse, and more people will be hurt in the future if the air does not become cleaner. 空气中的有害气体导致咳嗽甚至更严重的疾病，如果空气不变得更清洁，将来会有更多人受到伤害。 cause(v.)引起，使发生 cause sth cause sb to do sth导致某人做某事 cause (n.)原因；理由；the cause of……的起因 71. Like people, animals are harmed by pollution. 和人类一样，动物也受到污染的伤害。 72. Soil pollution and water pollution kills many animals every year. 土壤污染和水污染每年杀死很多动物。 73. Plastic pollution is also a serious problem. 塑料污染也是一个严重的问题。 74. Last year, millions of pieces of plastic were found in the Atlantic Ocean. 去年，在大西洋中发现了数百万块塑料碎片。 75. Much of the rubbish was eaten by seabirds and sea animals. 大部分垃圾被海鸟和海洋动物吃掉了。 76. Sadly, over one million seabirds and over 100,000 sea animals died every year because of this. 可悲的是，每年因此有超过一百万只海鸟和超过十万只海洋动物死亡。 77. If we do not act to improve the environment, more living things will be killed by pollution. 如果我们不采取行动改善环境，更多的生物将被污染杀死。 78. An environmental show will be held in the town hall this Friday evening. 本周五晚上，市政厅将举行一场环保演出。 79. All of us will have a chance to think about the world around us. 我们所有人都有机会思考我们周围的世界。 80. Ways of how to protect the environment will be discussed. 届时将讨论如何保护环境的方法。 81. Everyone can share ideas on how to make the world a better place. 每个人都可以分享关于如何让世界变得更美好的想法。 Integration 82. According to the United Nations, in the last 40 years, desertification has been a problem across almost 30% of the earth’s land. 根据联合国的数据，在过去40年里，地球上近30%的陆地都面临着荒漠化问题。 83. China has some of the largest deserts in the world and is working hard to change this situation. 中国拥有世界上一些最大的沙漠，并且正在努力改变这种状况。 84. In 1997, China joined the UNCCD, an international agreement to fight desertification. 1997年，中国加入了《联合国防治荒漠化公约》，这是一项防治荒漠化的国际协定。 85. Since then, China has reduced its desert area by thousands of square kilometres each year. 自那时起，中国每年减少的荒漠面积达数千平方公里。 86. A perfect example of this is the Mu Us Desert in North-west China. 中国西北部的毛乌素沙漠就是一个绝佳的例子。 87. China has made a great start in dealing with the problem of desertification. 中国在处理荒漠化问题上已经实现良好开局。 make a good start 开个好头 88. However, all the countries in the world need to work together to protect our planet. 然而，世界上所有国家都需要共同努力，以保护我们的星球。 89. Qizi Bay: desert turned into a land of hope 棋子湾：沙漠化为希望之地 90. It hardly had any living plants. 那里几乎没有任何活的植物。 hardly (adv.) 几乎不 91. The sky was filled with sand when a storm hit. 当风暴来袭时，天空满是沙尘。 92. Who made great efforts to improve Qizi Bay? 谁为改善棋子湾付出了巨大努力？ 93. To tell the story of the women's great work. 为了讲述那些妇女的伟大事迹。 94. By 2050, there might be more plastic in the ocean than fish. 到2050年，海洋中的塑料可能比鱼还多。 95. Canada does not allow the use of tiny plastic pieces in personal care products. 加拿大不允许在个人护理产品中使用塑料微珠。 96. People can not buy plastic food bags in supermarkets in New Zealand. 在新西兰，人们不能在超市购买塑料食品袋。 97. In New Zealand, shopping malls and supermarkets will be fined if they provide single-use plastics. 在新西兰，购物中心和超市如果提供一次性塑料制品将被罚款。 98. In Germany, people have to pay to recycle plastic bottles. 在德国，人们回收塑料瓶需要付费。 99. In Germany, people have to pay a little bit more when they buy a plastic bottle. 在德国，人们购买塑料瓶时要多付一点钱。 100. If they bring the bottle back to be recycled, they get the money back. 如果把瓶子送回去回收，他们就能拿回这笔钱。 101. Many countries are taking action to protect our planet. 许多国家正在采取行动保护我们的星球。 102. Desertification is a serious problem in many countries, including China. 荒漠化是包括中国在内的许多国家面临的一个严重问题。 103. China is making efforts to reduce its desert area. 中国正在努力减少其荒漠面积。 104. To change this, a team of local women worked hard to grow trees in the area. 为了改变这一状况，一群当地妇女在该地区努力种树。 105. After many years of hard work and government support, they finally succeeded, and there are now millions of trees in Qizi Bay. 经过多年的努力和政府的支持，她们最终成功了，现在棋子湾有数百万棵树。 succeeded (v.) 成功 succeed in doing sth成功做某事 106. Another serious environmental problem is plastic pollution. 另一个严重的环境问题是塑料污染。 107. Plastic is very useful in our daily lives, but it causes a lot of damage. 塑料在我们的日常生活中非常有用，但它也造成了很多危害。 108. Scientists are worried that soon there will be more plastic than fish in the sea. 科学家们担心，很快海洋中的塑料就会比鱼类还多。 109. Lots of countries are trying to improve this situation. 许多国家都在努力改善这一状况。 110. For example, in Germany, people are encouraged to recycle plastic bottles. 例如，在德国，人们被鼓励回收塑料瓶。 111. All these efforts give us hope for a greener planet. 所有这些努力都让我们对一个更绿色的星球充满希望。 112. If we work together, we can make a big difference and create a better future. 如果我们齐心协力，就能带来巨大改变，创造更美好的未来。 113. Do you know that our town is hoping to win a Green Town honour? 你知道我们镇正有望赢得“绿色城镇”称号。 114. Our town is green in many ways these days. 如今，我们镇在很多方面都很环保。 115. For example, we all have to separate our rubbish now so that more of it can be recycled. 例如，我们现在都必须将垃圾分类，这样就有更多垃圾可以被回收利用。 116. And more clean energy like solar power is used. 并且更多的清洁能源，如太阳能，得到了使用。 117. There are also new systems to deal with the wastewater in the city. 还有新的系统来处理城市中的废水。 118. Are you ready to go green? 你准备行动起来保护环境了吗？ go green=do sth to protect the environment 119. Everybody can do something to help protect the environment. 每个人都可以做些什么来帮助保护环境。 120. It's easy, and you only have to remember three words: reduce, reuse, recycle. 这很容易，你只需要记住三个词：减少、重复使用、回收利用。 121. Firstly, let’s focus on reducing waste and pollution. 首先，让我们专注于减少浪费和污染。 122. We can save water by taking shorter showers. 我们可以通过缩短淋浴时间来节约用水。 123. We can turn off lights when leaving a room to save electricity. 离开房间时关灯可以节约用电。 electricity (n.) 电，电能 electronic (adj.) 电子的 electric (adj.)电动的 124. In addition, we can reduce pollution by saying no to single-use plastic bags and bottles. 此外，我们可以通过拒绝使用一次性塑料袋和瓶子来减少污染。 125. Reusing old things is another way to live a greener life. 重复使用旧物是另一种绿色生活的方式。 126. This produces less waste and saves energy. 这样可以减少垃圾产生并节约能源。 127. For example, we can donate old clothes or books to charities and shop at second-hand stores. 例如，我们可以向慈善机构捐赠旧衣服或旧书，并在二手商店购物。 128. It's all about dealing with waste materials correctly. 这一切都关乎正确处理废弃材料。 129. Remember that things like paper, plastic and glass can be recycled. 记住，像纸、塑料和玻璃这样的东西是可以回收的。 130. We should also collect batteries and electronic products for recycling. 我们还应该收集电池和电子产品进行回收。 131. If we all follow these simple steps, we can make a big difference and enjoy a greener world! 如果我们都遵循这些简单步骤，我们就能带来巨大改变，享受一个更绿色的世界！ Further study 132. World Environment Day is on 5 June every year. 世界环境日是每年的6月5日。 133. It aims to highlight the importance of environmental protection across the world. 它旨在强调全球环境保护的重要性。 134. Its official website gives many ideas for helping protect the environment. 其官方网站提供了许多有助于保护环境的建议。 135. Visit the website and see what things you could do. 访问该网站，看看你可以做些什么。 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $