精品解析：2026届山西省晋城市高三考前模拟考试英语试题

按秘密级事项管理★启用前 2026年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语样卷（二） 本试卷共 150 分 考试时间 120 分钟 注意事项： 1．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节 （共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。 1. Which pet is allowed in this apartment building? A. An 8-kilogram cat. B. A 12-kilogram snake. C. A 21-kilogram dog. 2. Why did the woman change her plan? A. She prefers art festivals. B. The tickets were sold out. C. The concert was cancelled. 3. What is the weather like at present? A. Cold. B. Rainy. C. Hot. 4. What are the speakers talking about? A. A “spot the errors” game. B. An AI-generated painting. C. A person with funny hands. 5. What does the woman ask the man to do? A. Introduce some products. B. Show her around. C. Leave her alone. 第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分） 听下面 5 段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，每小题都有 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。 听第 6 段录音，回答第 6、7 题。 6. What did Tom sign up for? A. Cooking lessons. B. A bread-baking class. C. A soup-making group. 7. What did Tom learn last week? A. How to slice vegetables. B. How to make onion soup. C. How to cook French dishes. 听第7段录音，回答第8、9题。 8. Where did the woman first hear about the new model? A. From her friend. B. From the Internet. C. From the TV. 9. What does the man think of online news? A. It has many misleading reports. B. It offers more in-depth coverage. C. It provides latest daily information. 听第8段录音，回答第10至12题。 10. Who had an accident? A. Mike. B. Rachel. C. Grace. 11. What will the man do? A. Buy some magazines. B. Prepare a meal. C. Create a dietary plan. 12. Where are the speakers? A. At the hospital. B. At Rachel’s home. C. At Grace’s home. 听第9段录音，回答第13至16题。 13. Who are the woman’s listeners probably? A. Group visitors. B. New employees. C. Experienced trainers. 14. What does the woman expect listeners to do? A. Attend strictly. B. Engage actively. C. Prepare materials carefully. 15. Which carries the least weight in the assessment? A. Participation. B. A practice task. C. A reflection report. 16. What is the woman going to do? A. Give out a handbook. B. Assign new tasks. C. Go through a list. 听第10段录音，回答第17至20题。 17. When is the opening of the 10th Starlight Film Festival? A. June 1st. B. June 5th. C. June 7th. 18. What will the audience enjoy on Tuesday? A. Documentaries. B. Asian films. C. A masterclass. 19. What time will the award ceremony begin? A. At 6:30 pm. B. At 7:00 pm. C. At 8:00 pm. 20. What is the most important according to the speaker? A. The audience’s passion. B. The selection of movies. C. The participation of volunteers. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Hiking with Kids When you invite kids for a hike, you’ll have to spend extra time getting ready. You’ll be taking care of the needs of at least one more person, and that means extra jackets, dry socks, and hats. You may wonder, “Is this hike worth all of the time it takes to prepare?” ·Hiking with kids is fun. You’ll remember how cool tiny bugs are, how fun it is to get muddy, and how beautiful birds, rocks, and butterflies can be. ·Walking in nature is healthy. Many studies measure the health benefits of spending time in nature. Some research shows that 5 minutes of walking in nature improves mood. Another benefit is improved mental functions. What to do on a hike Depending on the age of the kids, here are some ideas to keep you on track in case young hikers get tired or hungry. ·Listen. Natural areas host many wonderful sounds. You can try to identify bird calls or simply count different natural noises, from water flowing to bees buzzing. If the kids are a little older, they can try to record cool sounds and make new ringtones for their phones. ·Observe and record. Keep a list of animals or plants, or you can take photos. The kids can keep a journal where they record hikes they take and write down memories, descriptions, or stories. ·Teach life skills. You can show kids how to read a map or predict a storm. Use a bug bite as an opportunity to teach basic first aid. If you make the effort to include kids on your next hike, you may have some challenges on the trail, but the long-term benefits outweigh them. 1. What does the author think about preparing for a hike with kids? A. A challenge ruining hiking fun. B. A demanding yet worthy effort. C. An enjoyable and simple process. D. A task mainly about packing items. 2. What activity would engage older kids during a hike? A. Counting different natural noises. B. Learning to predict weather changes. C. Making phone ringtones from nature sounds. D. Writing down descriptions of plants or animals. 3. What is the author’s purpose in writing this text? A. To advertise equipment. B. To motivate family hiking. C. To compare hiking benefits. D. To instruct on hiking routines. B In a southern California school district, each child has a laptop. They are expected to use web-based word processors before they know how to type. Though they are also practicing handwriting, they aren’t coming home with spelling lists or tests. “Over the next couple of years, I have started to understand. The school isn’t explicitly teaching spelling in the way that I understand,” said Jodi Carreon, a stay-at-home parent. By the time her son reached the end of elementary school, Carreon decided to give him spelling tutoring. She knew letting him rely on error-correcting technologies like autocorrect and spellcheck would only mask the problem. So she downloaded spelling lists from the Internet and reviewed words with her child every week. “I’m not a teacher,” she said. “I don’t exactly know the proper way to do this. I would help my child as best as I could, based on the rules I remember.” What Carreon doesn’t know then is that many teachers no longer understand how to effectively teach spelling, and don’t have high-quality curriculum to help students. This may surprise parents who attended elementary school in the 1980s and likely became proficient spellers thanks to formalized spelling instruction. Complicating matters are error-correcting technologies, which parents themselves might favor. But Dr J. Richard Gentry, an education researcher, says that while such tools can be helpful later in a child’s schooling, students must learn the vital skill of spelling or they may risk falling behind academically. He stresses that parents need to begin paying close attention to their child’s spelling toward the end of first grade and continue monitoring it throughout elementary school. Carreon has to cobble together at-home spelling resources for her child. She wishes parents in her position could easily find spelling resources and support. In addition to at-home studying with her child, she’s paid for tutors and writing courses for her child. “We’re in a position to be able to do this,” she said. “But not all families are.” 4. Why did Carreon start teaching her son? A. To increase his self-confidence. B. To meet his school’s requirements. C. To prepare him for a spelling test. D. To improve his spelling ability. 5. Why does the author mention parents attending elementary school in the 1980s? A. To compare different academic subjects. B. To recall their pleasant school memories. C. To highlight changes in teaching approaches. D. To prove their superior learning competence. 6. What does Gentry advise parents to do? A. Employ error-correcting tools. B. Keep track of children’s spelling. C. Ask children’s teachers for help. D. Enhance their own spelling skills. 7. What is Carreon’s concern about spelling education? A. Children’s low motivation. B. Parents’ unwillingness to engage. C. Inequality in resource access. D. Shortage of professional tutors. C From ancient philosophers to modern-day scientists, the pursuit of knowledge has been seen as inherently good. But what if that assumption is wrong? A new study presents an idea that’s shaking up how we think about scientific progress. Economists Kaushik Basu of Cornell University and Jörgen Weibull of the Stockholm School of Economics have uncovered a phenomenon where increased understanding of a problem can reduce overall welfare. “Greater knowledge is always an advantage for a rational (理性的) individual,” the researchers note. “However, for a group of rational individuals, greater knowledge can backfire.” To understand this concept, consider a simplified example. Imagine a society where everyone wears masks during the flu season because they know it generally reduces transmission. Overall, this leads to fewer illnesses and better public health. Now scientists discover a way to precisely measure the contagiousness (传染性) of different flu strains each day. Armed with this new knowledge, people may only wear masks on the most contagious days. While this seems rational for each individual, the result is that mask-wearing declines overall and more people get sick in the end. The researchers also demonstrate this effect using game theory — mathematical models of strategic interactions between rational decision-makers. They show how in certain types of “games” or scenarios, players with more knowledge about the situation will make choices that leave everyone worse off compared to when they had less information. While the study paints a potentially dark picture, the researchers also offer hope. They point out that cultivating stronger social norms and moral motivations could help match individual and collective interests. By encouraging people to consider the greater good, not just their own interests, we might be able to employ the power of knowledge without falling victim to its dangers, leading to a brighter world for all. As we continue to push the boundaries of human understanding, this work serves as a timely reminder that information isn’t always benign. Managing the power of knowledge responsibly may be one of the challenges of our information age, which we must meet to ensure that our quest for knowledge truly brings positive collective outcomes. 8. What does the new study challenge? A. The belief that social cooperation is always necessary. B. The idea that more knowledge is universally beneficial. C. The reliability of scientific findings. D. The significance of individual choices. 9. What does the mask example illustrate? A. The public should follow health regulations. B. Science can help people make sensible decisions. C. Rational individual choices may harm groups. D. Personal safety depends on secure technology. 10. What do the researchers recommend to ensure a better world? A. Strengthening shared values. B. Promoting scientific exploration. C. Enhancing personal judgement. D. Expanding information resources. 11. What does the underlined word “benign” in the last paragraph probably mean? A. Available. B. Relevant. C. Accurate. D. Harmless. D The Earth’s oceans were hotter in 2025 than in any other year since modern measurements began, marking a dangerous new record. New analysis published in Advances in Atmospheric Sciences on Friday found that the upper 2,000 meters of the ocean absorbed a record-setting amount of energy more than in 2024 — equal to roughly 37 times more energy than the world consumed in 2023. The study examined ocean heat content, which measures how much excess heat energy the world’s oceans store over time. Tracking ocean temperatures is a key way scientists monitor long-term climate change. That’s because our oceans play a key role in regulating the impact of global carbon emissions in our atmosphere — absorbing about 90% of the excess heat trapped by greenhouse gases over the past century. Researchers also noted that global average sea-surface temperatures in 2025 were the third highest on record and remained about 0.5 °C above the 1981 — 2010 average. Some areas are warming faster — the warmest areas included the South Atlantic and North Pacific Oceans, and the Southern Ocean. As oceans get hotter, a series of climate impacts are being released. Warmer oceans contribute to rising sea levels and fuel more extreme weather. This includes increasing the intensity of hurricanes while decreasing the speed at which they travel — meaning they remain longer in one location when they make landfall, potentially leaving more destruction in their wake. We’re already seeing the impacts — last year was only the second year in recorded history in which at least three Category 5 hurricanes formed in the Atlantic basin. Rising ocean temperatures also contribute to the loss of coral reefs (珊瑚礁), which help support fisheries, and protect coastlines from rising sea levels. A 2025 report found that warm-water coral reefs are passing their tipping point, with 80% experiencing unprecedented heat waves, bleaching events, and dieback. Today’s report raises alarm bells about the climate impacts the world stands to face due to ocean warming. The authors note that, without global efforts to reduce emissions, temperatures will only continue to rise. 12. How does the author introduce the issue in paragraph 1? A. By quoting expert opinions. B. By presenting key statistics. C. By describing a natural scene. D. By giving historical background. 13. What role do the oceans play? A. Releasing greenhouse gases. B. Driving global fishing patterns. C. Regulating the global climate system. D. Consuming most human-produced energy. 14. What does paragraph 4 suggest about landfalling hurricanes? A. Shorter season, less rain. B. Longer stay, greater harm. C. Faster travel, wider spread. D. Fewer storms, weaker winds. 15. What is a suitable title for the text? A. Saving Coral Reefs from Extinction B. The Science of Hurricane Formation C. New Methods for Climate Monitoring D. A Record-Breaking Year for Ocean Heat 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Exercise for Better Sleep Sleep and exercise work together like parts of a machine. ____16____ Quality sleep supports recovery, while exercise releases useful brain chemicals, lowers stress and can help you fall asleep faster. ____17____ For those battling insomnia (失眠), the rules can be different. People with insomnia — poor sleep at least three nights a week for over three months — are more sensitive to exercise. “People with severe insomnia tend to have a very active stress system,” said Dr Christopher Kline at the University of Pittsburgh. Stressors tend to have an exaggerated response in the body, and recovery from the physical demands of exercise may be slower. After a very hard workout, you might expect to crash, but “you can’t exercise yourself to sleep,” said Dr Kelly Baron at the University of Utah. Moderate activities, like walking, jogging or cycling, are most often linked with better sleep. ____18____ Kevin Morgan at Loughborough University noted that even top athletes can sleep badly. Exercise is not recommended near bedtime. Overworked muscles can keep you awake. Overtraining is another risk: A study linked more than six intense sessions a week with trouble falling asleep. Timing matters too: A study found activity after 8 pm was associated with less sleep. ____19____ Researchers have not set one perfect routine, but a large-scale analysis suggested moderate aerobic exercise (有氧运动) plus light strength training, mind-body practices (like yoga or tai chi) and standard insomnia treatment.____20____ Dr Cheri D. Mah at the Stanford Sleep Medicine Center warned that big training changes can make insomnia worse, so check intensity, frequency and timing. Dr Kline recommended exercising at the same time each day to support your body clock. A. Walking every day is good for sleep. B. Morning exercise improves sleep quality. C. This combination can significantly improve sleep. D. When one turns smoothly, the other often follows. E. Just as the benefits go hand-in-hand, so do the disadvantages. F. Intense exercise ending within one hour of bed may disrupt sleep. G. High-intensity work, like a half-marathon, can delay falling asleep. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 My grandmother has Alzheimer’s disease. I was there in the hospital as the doctors diagnosed her. At the time, the idea of my grandmother slowly losing herself didn’t feel ____21____ to me. After all, I had spent the greater half of my childhood with her; I was always on the ____22____ side of care. The signs back then were subtle, maybe a(n) ____23____ item or forgetting some dates. Unconcerned, I went back to the States feeling ____24____ that my grandmother would remain healthy. Following that summer, my mother would ask, “Do you still know them?” while pointing the ____25____ at my cousins and me. Every time, my grandmother would look at the screen and shout our names, which only seemed to ____26____ my confidence. That confidence faded when my grandmother failed to ____27____ my brother. This summer, I visited her. As I entered the living room, she was sitting on the sofa ____28____. When my mother asked, “Do you still know him?”, her face ____29____ as she called me by my nickname. I felt a sense of relief, but it became _____30_____ how much things had changed. She often woke up _____31_____, forgetting where she was, and her hands _____32_____ with simple tasks. She asked again and again, “How are you?” I _____33_____ and answered, “I’m good, Grandma.” Watching her _____34_____ is painful. Yet even in the time of decline, she still teaches me what it truly means to _____35_____ others. 21. A. strange B. novel C. real D. necessary 22. A. opposing B. winning C. sharing D. receiving 23. A. misplaced B. old C. damaged D. expensive 24. A. proud B. confident C. grateful D. relieved 25. A. flashlight B. phone C. telescope D. pen 26. A. restore B. gain C. boost D. weaken 27. A. mention B. recall C. recognize D. notice 28. A. patiently B. quietly C. excitedly D. anxiously 29. A. froze up B. clouded over C. turned over D. lit up 30. A. possible B. unimportant C. evident D. unclear 31. A. confused B. exhausted C. regretful D. nervous 32. A. dealt B. struggled C. began D. worked 33. A. smiled B. hesitated C. reflected D. sighed 34. A. quit B. weep C. ache D. suffer 35. A. love B. protect C. help D. understand 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Pottery fragments (陶器碎片) found in a south China cave have been confirmed to be 20,000 years old, making them the oldest ____36____ (know) pottery in the world. The findings appear in the journal Science. This finding pushes ____37____ emergence of pottery back to the last ice age. It disproves old theories that pottery was invented only about 10,000 years ago, when humans became farmers. Gideon Shelach of the Hebrew University wrote in Science that such research is key to ____38____ (understand) human development long before agricultural societies began. Wu Xiaohong, a Peking University professor and lead author of the study, said her team was very excited. The fragments ____39____ (discover) in the Xianrendong cave in Jiangxi Province. Some researchers had ____40____ (early) estimated they could be 20,000 years old, but there were doubts. “We thought it would be impossible because the ____41____ (convention) theory was that pottery was invented following the shift ____42____ agriculture,” Wu said. Her research group, ____43____ included experts from Harvard and Boston universities, was able to ____44____ (precise) calculate the age by 2009. The key was ensuring the dated samples were from the same period as the pottery. Scientists took samples like bones and charcoal from above and below the fragments. The cave’s sediments (沉积物) had built up without _____45_____ (disturb), keeping the time order clear. Wu said this finding helped them understand the development of early human civilization. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是新来的交换生Jenny，你想在学校英文报上发布一则启事，寻找一位帮助你学习中文的学生伙伴。内容包括： （1）自我介绍； （2）你的期望。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Seeking a Chinese Language Partner Hello everyone, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Sincerely, Jenny May 18 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Every Saturday morning, high schoolmates Michel and Robert cycled to the Sunshine Market to buy fresh fruit for their families. They enjoyed the market atmosphere — the shouts of sellers, the colorful piles of vegetables, and the smell of fruits. Michel, who loved biology, often pointed out different types of local produce, while Robert was better at bargaining for the best prices. One Saturday morning, they were searching for ripe peaches when Robert touched Michel. “Look over there, near the back fence,” he whispered. A man in a worn-out jacket stood somewhat apart from the regular fruit stalls. At his feet was a small, cardboard box, not filled with fruits, but with something that might be live animals. Filled with curiosity, the boys moved closer, pretending to examine some nearby apples. Inside the box, several small, brown creatures crowded together, their backs trembling. They were hedgehogs (刺猬)! Michel’s heart sank. He recognized them from a wildlife documentary; they were a protected species in their country, often victims of the illegal pet trade because people found them attractive. The man was speaking quietly to a customer, gesturing to the box. “Good for kids. Cool pets,” they heard him say. The boys moved away, their fruit forgotten. “He can’t sell those animals. It’s illegal,” Michel whispered, anger rising in his voice. Robert felt uneasy and said, “What can we do? We’re helpless.” They debated quickly. They could ignore it and walk away. They could confront the man directly, but that seemed risky and unlikely to work. Michel remembered a speech at school about reporting wildlife crime. “The market must have a management office,” he suggested. “They have authority here.” Robert agreed it was the safest and workable plan. The challenge was finding the office without the seller noticing them and perhaps disappearing with the hedgehogs. They needed to act quickly. Michel took a final look at the fearful animals in the box and made a decision. 注意： （1）续写词数应为 150 个左右； （2）请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Michel told Robert to watch the man as he went to find the market office. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Following Michel, the two market guards approached the seller. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 按秘密级事项管理★启用前 2026年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语样卷（二） 本试卷共 150 分 考试时间 120 分钟 注意事项： 1．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节 （共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。 1. Which pet is allowed in this apartment building? A. An 8-kilogram cat. B. A 12-kilogram snake. C. A 21-kilogram dog. 2. Why did the woman change her plan? A. She prefers art festivals. B. The tickets were sold out. C. The concert was cancelled. 3. What is the weather like at present? A. Cold. B. Rainy. C. Hot. 4. What are the speakers talking about? A. A “spot the errors” game. B. An AI-generated painting. C. A person with funny hands. 5. What does the woman ask the man to do? A. Introduce some products. B. Show her around. C. Leave her alone. 第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分） 听下面 5 段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，每小题都有 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。 听第 6 段录音，回答第 6、7 题。 6. What did Tom sign up for? A. Cooking lessons. B. A bread-baking class. C. A soup-making group. 7. What did Tom learn last week? A. How to slice vegetables. B. How to make onion soup. C. How to cook French dishes. 听第7段录音，回答第8、9题。 8. Where did the woman first hear about the new model? A. From her friend. B. From the Internet. C. From the TV. 9. What does the man think of online news? A. It has many misleading reports. B. It offers more in-depth coverage. C. It provides latest daily information. 听第8段录音，回答第10至12题。 10. Who had an accident? A. Mike. B. Rachel. C. Grace. 11. What will the man do? A. Buy some magazines. B. Prepare a meal. C. Create a dietary plan. 12. Where are the speakers? A. At the hospital. B. At Rachel’s home. C. At Grace’s home. 听第9段录音，回答第13至16题。 13. Who are the woman’s listeners probably? A. Group visitors. B. New employees. C. Experienced trainers. 14. What does the woman expect listeners to do? A. Attend strictly. B. Engage actively. C. Prepare materials carefully. 15. Which carries the least weight in the assessment? A. Participation. B. A practice task. C. A reflection report. 16. What is the woman going to do? A. Give out a handbook. B. Assign new tasks. C. Go through a list. 听第10段录音，回答第17至20题。 17. When is the opening of the 10th Starlight Film Festival? A. June 1st. B. June 5th. C. June 7th. 18. What will the audience enjoy on Tuesday? A. Documentaries. B. Asian films. C. A masterclass. 19. What time will the award ceremony begin? A. At 6:30 pm. B. At 7:00 pm. C. At 8:00 pm. 20. What is the most important according to the speaker? A. The audience’s passion. B. The selection of movies. C. The participation of volunteers. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Hiking with Kids When you invite kids for a hike, you’ll have to spend extra time getting ready. You’ll be taking care of the needs of at least one more person, and that means extra jackets, dry socks, and hats. You may wonder, “Is this hike worth all of the time it takes to prepare?” ·Hiking with kids is fun. You’ll remember how cool tiny bugs are, how fun it is to get muddy, and how beautiful birds, rocks, and butterflies can be. ·Walking in nature is healthy. Many studies measure the health benefits of spending time in nature. Some research shows that 5 minutes of walking in nature improves mood. Another benefit is improved mental functions. What to do on a hike Depending on the age of the kids, here are some ideas to keep you on track in case young hikers get tired or hungry. ·Listen. Natural areas host many wonderful sounds. You can try to identify bird calls or simply count different natural noises, from water flowing to bees buzzing. If the kids are a little older, they can try to record cool sounds and make new ringtones for their phones. ·Observe and record. Keep a list of animals or plants, or you can take photos. The kids can keep a journal where they record hikes they take and write down memories, descriptions, or stories. ·Teach life skills. You can show kids how to read a map or predict a storm. Use a bug bite as an opportunity to teach basic first aid. If you make the effort to include kids on your next hike, you may have some challenges on the trail, but the long-term benefits outweigh them. 1. What does the author think about preparing for a hike with kids? A. A challenge ruining hiking fun. B. A demanding yet worthy effort. C. An enjoyable and simple process. D. A task mainly about packing items. 2. What activity would engage older kids during a hike? A. Counting different natural noises. B. Learning to predict weather changes. C. Making phone ringtones from nature sounds. D. Writing down descriptions of plants or animals. 3. What is the author’s purpose in writing this text? A. To advertise equipment. B. To motivate family hiking. C. To compare hiking benefits. D. To instruct on hiking routines. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【导语】主要介绍带孩子徒步的诸多好处，同时列举途中可供孩子参与的各类趣味活动。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“You may wonder, “Is this hike worth all of the time it takes to prepare?”(你或许会疑惑，花费大量时间准备这场徒步是否值得？)”以及末尾段中的“If you make the effort to include kids on your next hike, you may have some challenges on the trail, but the long-term benefits outweigh them.(如果费心带上孩子徒步，路上虽会遇到难题，但长远收益远超麻烦。)”可知，筹备带娃徒步费心费力，但整体十分值得。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据What to do on a hike 部分中的Listen.部分“If the kids are a little older, they can try to record cool sounds and make new ringtones for their phones.(如果孩子年纪稍大，他们可以录制奇妙的自然声响，制作成手机新铃声。)”可知，用自然音效制作手机铃声适合年龄偏大的孩子。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是首段中的“You may wonder, “Is this hike worth all of the time it takes to prepare?”(你或许会疑惑，花费大量时间准备这场徒步是否值得？)”以及尾段中的“If you make the effort to include kids on your next hike, you may have some challenges on the trail, but the long-term benefits outweigh them.(如果费心带上孩子徒步，路上虽会遇到难题，但长远收益远超麻烦。)”可知，文章介绍亲子徒步的乐趣、健康益处与途中玩法，意在鼓励人们带着孩子参与徒步活动。 B In a southern California school district, each child has a laptop. They are expected to use web-based word processors before they know how to type. Though they are also practicing handwriting, they aren’t coming home with spelling lists or tests. “Over the next couple of years, I have started to understand. The school isn’t explicitly teaching spelling in the way that I understand,” said Jodi Carreon, a stay-at-home parent. By the time her son reached the end of elementary school, Carreon decided to give him spelling tutoring. She knew letting him rely on error-correcting technologies like autocorrect and spellcheck would only mask the problem. So she downloaded spelling lists from the Internet and reviewed words with her child every week. “I’m not a teacher,” she said. “I don’t exactly know the proper way to do this. I would help my child as best as I could, based on the rules I remember.” What Carreon doesn’t know then is that many teachers no longer understand how to effectively teach spelling, and don’t have high-quality curriculum to help students. This may surprise parents who attended elementary school in the 1980s and likely became proficient spellers thanks to formalized spelling instruction. Complicating matters are error-correcting technologies, which parents themselves might favor. But Dr J. Richard Gentry, an education researcher, says that while such tools can be helpful later in a child’s schooling, students must learn the vital skill of spelling or they may risk falling behind academically. He stresses that parents need to begin paying close attention to their child’s spelling toward the end of first grade and continue monitoring it throughout elementary school. Carreon has to cobble together at-home spelling resources for her child. She wishes parents in her position could easily find spelling resources and support. In addition to at-home studying with her child, she’s paid for tutors and writing courses for her child. “We’re in a position to be able to do this,” she said. “But not all families are.” 4. Why did Carreon start teaching her son? A. To increase his self-confidence. B. To meet his school’s requirements. C. To prepare him for a spelling test. D. To improve his spelling ability. 5. Why does the author mention parents attending elementary school in the 1980s? A. To compare different academic subjects. B. To recall their pleasant school memories. C. To highlight changes in teaching approaches. D. To prove their superior learning competence. 6. What does Gentry advise parents to do? A. Employ error-correcting tools. B. Keep track of children’s spelling. C. Ask children’s teachers for help. D. Enhance their own spelling skills. 7. What is Carreon’s concern about spelling education? A. Children’s low motivation. B. Parents’ unwillingness to engage. C. Inequality in resource access. D. Shortage of professional tutors. 【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. C 【解析】 【导语】主要说明了加州小学不再系统开设拼写课，依赖纠错软件，家长只得自行补习，富裕家庭可额外报班，资源不均成为拼写教育隐患。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段““Over the next couple of years, I have started to understand. The school isn’t explicitly teaching spelling in the way that I understand,” said Jodi Carreon, a stay-at-home parent. By the time her son reached the end of elementary school, Carreon decided to give him spelling tutoring.(“接下来的几年里，我逐渐明白了其中的端倪。学校并没有像我所理解的那样明确地教授拼写知识。”居家育儿的乔迪·卡雷翁说道。等到她儿子小学毕业时，卡雷翁决定给他提供拼写辅导)”可知，卡雷翁开始教她的儿子是为了提高他的拼写能力。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“What Carreon doesn’t know then is that many teachers no longer understand how to effectively teach spelling, and don’t have high-quality curriculum to help students. This may surprise parents who attended elementary school in the 1980s and likely became proficient spellers thanks to formalized spelling instruction.(而卡雷翁所不知道的是，如今许多教师已不再懂得如何有效地教授拼写知识，而且也没有高质量的课程来帮助学生学习。这可能会让那些在20世纪80年代上过小学，并因正规的拼写教学而自己成为熟练拼写者的家长感到惊讶)”可知，作者提及20世纪80年代时父母还在上小学的情况是为了突出教学方法的变化。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“He stresses that parents need to begin paying close attention to their child’s spelling toward the end of first grade and continue monitoring it throughout elementary school.(他强调，家长需要在孩子一年级末就开始密切关注其拼写情况，并在整个小学阶段持续进行监督)”可知，格尼特建议家长们记录孩子们的拼写情况。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段““We’re in a position to be able to do this,” she said. “But not all families are.”(“我们有能力做到这一点，”她说道，“但并非所有家庭都能做到。”)”可知，卡雷翁担心拼写教育资源获取的不平等。 C From ancient philosophers to modern-day scientists, the pursuit of knowledge has been seen as inherently good. But what if that assumption is wrong? A new study presents an idea that’s shaking up how we think about scientific progress. Economists Kaushik Basu of Cornell University and Jörgen Weibull of the Stockholm School of Economics have uncovered a phenomenon where increased understanding of a problem can reduce overall welfare. “Greater knowledge is always an advantage for a rational (理性的) individual,” the researchers note. “However, for a group of rational individuals, greater knowledge can backfire.” To understand this concept, consider a simplified example. Imagine a society where everyone wears masks during the flu season because they know it generally reduces transmission. Overall, this leads to fewer illnesses and better public health. Now scientists discover a way to precisely measure the contagiousness (传染性) of different flu strains each day. Armed with this new knowledge, people may only wear masks on the most contagious days. While this seems rational for each individual, the result is that mask-wearing declines overall and more people get sick in the end. The researchers also demonstrate this effect using game theory — mathematical models of strategic interactions between rational decision-makers. They show how in certain types of “games” or scenarios, players with more knowledge about the situation will make choices that leave everyone worse off compared to when they had less information. While the study paints a potentially dark picture, the researchers also offer hope. They point out that cultivating stronger social norms and moral motivations could help match individual and collective interests. By encouraging people to consider the greater good, not just their own interests, we might be able to employ the power of knowledge without falling victim to its dangers, leading to a brighter world for all. As we continue to push the boundaries of human understanding, this work serves as a timely reminder that information isn’t always benign. Managing the power of knowledge responsibly may be one of the challenges of our information age, which we must meet to ensure that our quest for knowledge truly brings positive collective outcomes. 8. What does the new study challenge? A. The belief that social cooperation is always necessary. B. The idea that more knowledge is universally beneficial. C. The reliability of scientific findings. D. The significance of individual choices. 9. What does the mask example illustrate? A. The public should follow health regulations. B. Science can help people make sensible decisions. C. Rational individual choices may harm groups. D. Personal safety depends on secure technology. 10. What do the researchers recommend to ensure a better world? A. Strengthening shared values. B. Promoting scientific exploration. C. Enhancing personal judgement. D. Expanding information resources. 11. What does the underlined word “benign” in the last paragraph probably mean? A. Available. B. Relevant. C. Accurate. D. Harmless. 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. D 【解析】 【导语】主要介绍一项新研究颠覆了“知识越多越有益”的传统观点，阐释知识对集体的负面作用并给出解决办法。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“From ancient philosophers to modern-day scientists, the pursuit of knowledge has been seen as inherently good. But what if that assumption is wrong? A new study presents an idea that’s shaking up how we think about scientific progress. (从古代哲学家到现代科学家，追求知识一直被视为本质上是有益的。但如果这个假设是错误的呢？一项新研究提出的观点正在颠覆我们对科学进步的认知。)”可知，这项新研究挑战了知识越多就普遍有益的固有观点。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“While this seems rational for each individual, the result is that mask-wearing declines overall and more people get sick in the end.(虽然这对每个人来说都是理性的选择，但结果是整体口罩佩戴率下降，最终更多人患病。)”可知，个体看似理性的选择，最终会损害集体整体利益。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“They point out that cultivating stronger social norms and moral motivations could help match individual and collective interests.(他们指出，培养更强大的社会规范和道德动机有助于平衡个人利益和集体利益。)”可知，强化社会共同价值观、道德准则能够助力营造更好的发展局面。 【11题详解】 词句猜测题。根据最后一段中的“As we continue to push the boundaries of human understanding, this work serves as a timely reminder that information isn’t always benign. Managing the power of knowledge responsibly may be one of the challenges of our information age, which we must meet to ensure that our quest for knowledge truly brings positive collective outcomes. (随着我们持续突破人类认知的边界，这项研究及时提醒：信息并不总是benign。负责任地掌控知识的力量，或许是信息时代的挑战之一，我们必须直面该挑战，以确保我们对知识的探求真正带来整体的积极成果。)”可知，前文打破“知识皆有益”的固有认知，说明信息存在弊端，由此可推断画线单词表示“无害的”。 D The Earth’s oceans were hotter in 2025 than in any other year since modern measurements began, marking a dangerous new record. New analysis published in Advances in Atmospheric Sciences on Friday found that the upper 2,000 meters of the ocean absorbed a record-setting amount of energy more than in 2024 — equal to roughly 37 times more energy than the world consumed in 2023. The study examined ocean heat content, which measures how much excess heat energy the world’s oceans store over time. Tracking ocean temperatures is a key way scientists monitor long-term climate change. That’s because our oceans play a key role in regulating the impact of global carbon emissions in our atmosphere — absorbing about 90% of the excess heat trapped by greenhouse gases over the past century. Researchers also noted that global average sea-surface temperatures in 2025 were the third highest on record and remained about 0.5 °C above the 1981 — 2010 average. Some areas are warming faster — the warmest areas included the South Atlantic and North Pacific Oceans, and the Southern Ocean. As oceans get hotter, a series of climate impacts are being released. Warmer oceans contribute to rising sea levels and fuel more extreme weather. This includes increasing the intensity of hurricanes while decreasing the speed at which they travel — meaning they remain longer in one location when they make landfall, potentially leaving more destruction in their wake. We’re already seeing the impacts — last year was only the second year in recorded history in which at least three Category 5 hurricanes formed in the Atlantic basin. Rising ocean temperatures also contribute to the loss of coral reefs (珊瑚礁), which help support fisheries, and protect coastlines from rising sea levels. A 2025 report found that warm-water coral reefs are passing their tipping point, with 80% experiencing unprecedented heat waves, bleaching events, and dieback. Today’s report raises alarm bells about the climate impacts the world stands to face due to ocean warming. The authors note that, without global efforts to reduce emissions, temperatures will only continue to rise. 12. How does the author introduce the issue in paragraph 1? A. By quoting expert opinions. B. By presenting key statistics. C. By describing a natural scene. D. By giving historical background. 13. What role do the oceans play? A. Releasing greenhouse gases. B. Driving global fishing patterns. C. Regulating the global climate system. D. Consuming most human-produced energy. 14. What does paragraph 4 suggest about landfalling hurricanes? A. Shorter season, less rain. B. Longer stay, greater harm. C. Faster travel, wider spread. D. Fewer storms, weaker winds. 15. What is a suitable title for the text? A. Saving Coral Reefs from Extinction B. The Science of Hurricane Formation C. New Methods for Climate Monitoring D. A Record-Breaking Year for Ocean Heat 【答案】12. B 13. C 14. B 15. D 【解析】 【导语】文章主要说明了2025年全球海洋上层2000米吸热创历史新高，海表温度居历史第三。海洋升温引发海平面上升、飓风加剧、珊瑚白化，亟需全球减排。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“The Earth’s oceans were hotter in 2025 than in any other year since modern measurements began, marking a dangerous new record. New analysis published in Advances in Atmospheric Sciences on Friday found that the upper 2,000 meters of the ocean absorbed a record-setting amount of energy more than in 2024 — equal to roughly 37 times more energy than the world consumed in 2023.(2025年地球的海洋温度比自现代测量开始以来的任何其他年份都要高，这创下了危险的新纪录。周五发表在《大气科学进展》杂志上的新分析发现，海洋上层2000米吸收的能量比2024年多出了一倍多——大约是2023年全球消耗能量的37倍)”可知，作者在第一段通过展示关键数据引入话题。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“That’s because our oceans play a key role in regulating the impact of global carbon emissions in our atmosphere — absorbing about 90% of the excess heat trapped by greenhouse gases over the past century.(这是因为我们的海洋在调节全球碳排放对大气的影响方面发挥着关键作用——在过去的一个世纪里，海洋吸收了由温室气体所捕获的大部分多余热量的90%)”可知，海洋调控全球气候系统。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“This includes increasing the intensity of hurricanes while decreasing the speed at which they travel — meaning they remain longer in one location when they make landfall, potentially leaving more destruction in their wake.(这包括增强飓风的强度，同时降低其移动速度——这意味着当飓风登陆时，会在一个地点停留更长时间，从而可能造成更大的破坏)”可知，登陆型飓风长期停留，危害更大。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“The Earth’s oceans were hotter in 2025 than in any other year since modern measurements began, marking a dangerous new record. New analysis published in Advances in Atmospheric Sciences on Friday found that the upper 2,000 meters of the ocean absorbed a record-setting amount of energy more than in 2024 — equal to roughly 37 times more energy than the world consumed in 2023.(2025年地球的海洋温度比自现代测量开始以来的任何其他年份都要高，这创下了危险的新纪录。周五发表在《大气科学进展》杂志上的新分析发现，海洋上层2000米吸收的能量超过2024年的水平——大约是2023年全球消耗能量的37倍)”结合文章主要说明了2025年全球海洋上层2000米吸热创历史新高，海表温度居历史第三。海洋升温引发海平面上升、飓风加剧、珊瑚白化，亟需全球减排。可知，D选项“海洋热量创历史新高的一年”最符合文章标题。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Exercise for Better Sleep Sleep and exercise work together like parts of a machine. ____16____ Quality sleep supports recovery, while exercise releases useful brain chemicals, lowers stress and can help you fall asleep faster. ____17____ For those battling insomnia (失眠), the rules can be different. People with insomnia — poor sleep at least three nights a week for over three months — are more sensitive to exercise. “People with severe insomnia tend to have a very active stress system,” said Dr Christopher Kline at the University of Pittsburgh. Stressors tend to have an exaggerated response in the body, and recovery from the physical demands of exercise may be slower. After a very hard workout, you might expect to crash, but “you can’t exercise yourself to sleep,” said Dr Kelly Baron at the University of Utah. Moderate activities, like walking, jogging or cycling, are most often linked with better sleep. ____18____ Kevin Morgan at Loughborough University noted that even top athletes can sleep badly. Exercise is not recommended near bedtime. Overworked muscles can keep you awake. Overtraining is another risk: A study linked more than six intense sessions a week with trouble falling asleep. Timing matters too: A study found activity after 8 pm was associated with less sleep. ____19____ Researchers have not set one perfect routine, but a large-scale analysis suggested moderate aerobic exercise (有氧运动) plus light strength training, mind-body practices (like yoga or tai chi) and standard insomnia treatment.____20____ Dr Cheri D. Mah at the Stanford Sleep Medicine Center warned that big training changes can make insomnia worse, so check intensity, frequency and timing. Dr Kline recommended exercising at the same time each day to support your body clock. A. Walking every day is good for sleep. B. Morning exercise improves sleep quality. C. This combination can significantly improve sleep. D. When one turns smoothly, the other often follows. E. Just as the benefits go hand-in-hand, so do the disadvantages. F. Intense exercise ending within one hour of bed may disrupt sleep. G. High-intensity work, like a half-marathon, can delay falling asleep. 【答案】16. D 17. E 18. G 19. F 20. C 【解析】 【导语】主要讲述运动与睡眠相辅相成，介绍不同强度、时段的运动对睡眠的影响及科学运动方案。 【16题详解】 根据前文“Sleep and exercise work together like parts of a machine.(睡眠和运动如同机器零件一般配合协作。)”以及后文“Quality sleep supports recovery, while exercise releases useful brain chemicals, lowers stress and can help you fall asleep faster.(优质睡眠助力身体恢复，运动分泌有益脑部的化学物质、减压并加快入睡。)”可知，此处承接二者联动的比喻，D选项“When one turns smoothly, the other often follows.(一方顺畅运转，另一方也随之正常运作)”承接机器的比喻，引出后文二者互相促进的好处，符合语境。 【17题详解】 根据后文“For those battling insomnia (失眠), the rules can be different. People with insomnia — poor sleep at least three nights a week for over three months — are more sensitive to exercise.(对于受失眠困扰的人群而言，相关准则有所不同。失眠患者（每周至少三晚睡眠不佳，且持续三个月以上）对运动更为敏感。)”可知，前文讲益处，本段转折说明弊端，E选项“Just as the benefits go hand-in-hand, so do the disadvantages.(益处相伴而生，弊端同样也是如此)”承上启下，由好处过渡到运动带来的不良影响，符合语境。 【18题详解】 根据前文“Moderate activities, like walking, jogging or cycling, are most often linked with better sleep.(散步、慢跑或骑行这类适度运动，大多有助于改善睡眠。)”以及后文“Kevin Morgan at Loughborough University noted that even top athletes can sleep badly.(拉夫堡大学的摩根提出，即便是顶尖运动员也可能睡眠糟糕。)”可知，空格处说明高强度运动不利于入睡，G选项“High-intensity work, like a half-marathon, can delay falling asleep.(半程马拉松这类高强度运动会推迟入睡时间)”对比中等运动，引出高强度运动的坏处，贴合后文运动员睡不好的例子，符合语境。 【19题详解】 根据前文“Exercise is not recommended near bedtime. Overworked muscles can keep you awake. Overtraining is another risk: A study linked more than six intense sessions a week with trouble falling asleep. Timing matters too: A study found activity after 8 pm was associated with less sleep.(不建议临近睡前锻炼。肌肉过度劳累会使人难以入眠。运动过量是另一隐患：研究显示，每周超六次高强度锻炼会引发入睡困难。锻炼时段同样关键：有研究表明，晚八点后运动往往伴随睡眠时间缩短。)”可知，空格处继续细化睡前剧烈运动的危害，F选项“Intense exercise ending within one hour of bed may disrupt sleep.(睡前一小时内结束的高强度运动易扰乱睡眠)”补充睡前短时剧烈运动的负面影响，符合语境。 【20题详解】 根据前文“Researchers have not set one perfect routine, but a large-scale analysis suggested moderate aerobic exercise (有氧运动) plus light strength training, mind-body practices (like yoga or tai chi) and standard insomnia treatment.(研究人员尚未敲定一套完美方案，但一项大规模分析表明：适度有氧运动搭配轻度力量训练、身心调养运动（如瑜伽或太极），再辅以常规失眠疗法。)”可知，C选项“This combination can significantly improve sleep.(这套组合方式能大幅改善睡眠)”中This combination指代上文多种运动与疗法的搭配，承接上文方案，符合语境。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 My grandmother has Alzheimer’s disease. I was there in the hospital as the doctors diagnosed her. At the time, the idea of my grandmother slowly losing herself didn’t feel ____21____ to me. After all, I had spent the greater half of my childhood with her; I was always on the ____22____ side of care. The signs back then were subtle, maybe a(n) ____23____ item or forgetting some dates. Unconcerned, I went back to the States feeling ____24____ that my grandmother would remain healthy. Following that summer, my mother would ask, “Do you still know them?” while pointing the ____25____ at my cousins and me. Every time, my grandmother would look at the screen and shout our names, which only seemed to ____26____ my confidence. That confidence faded when my grandmother failed to ____27____ my brother. This summer, I visited her. As I entered the living room, she was sitting on the sofa ____28____. When my mother asked, “Do you still know him?”, her face ____29____ as she called me by my nickname. I felt a sense of relief, but it became _____30_____ how much things had changed. She often woke up _____31_____, forgetting where she was, and her hands _____32_____ with simple tasks. She asked again and again, “How are you?” I _____33_____ and answered, “I’m good, Grandma.” Watching her _____34_____ is painful. Yet even in the time of decline, she still teaches me what it truly means to _____35_____ others. 21. A. strange B. novel C. real D. necessary 22. A. opposing B. winning C. sharing D. receiving 23. A. misplaced B. old C. damaged D. expensive 24. A. proud B. confident C. grateful D. relieved 25. A. flashlight B. phone C. telescope D. pen 26. A. restore B. gain C. boost D. weaken 27. A. mention B. recall C. recognize D. notice 28. A. patiently B. quietly C. excitedly D. anxiously 29. A. froze up B. clouded over C. turned over D. lit up 30. A. possible B. unimportant C. evident D. unclear 31. A. confused B. exhausted C. regretful D. nervous 32. A. dealt B. struggled C. began D. worked 33. A. smiled B. hesitated C. reflected D. sighed 34. A. quit B. weep C. ache D. suffer 35. A. love B. protect C. help D. understand 【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. B 26. C 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了作者的祖母患上阿尔茨海默病，一开始作者不敢相信，随着祖母病情逐渐加重，作者在这个过程中体会到了现实的残酷，但即便如此，祖母依然教会了作者爱的意义。 【21题详解】 考查形容词。句意：当时，祖母慢慢迷失自我的想法对我来说并不真实。A. strange奇怪的；B. novel新奇的；C. real真实的；D. necessary必要的。根据后文“After all, I had spent the greater half of my childhood with her”可知，作者和祖母感情很深，刚得知病情时，无法接受这件事，感觉这件事并不真实。 【22题详解】 考查动词。句意：毕竟我童年一大半时间都是和她一起度过的，我一直是被照顾的一方。A. opposing反对；B. winning获胜；C. sharing分享；D. receiving接收，得到。根据上文“I had spent the greater half of my childhood with her”可知，作者小时候和祖母生活，一直接受祖母的照顾，所以是被照顾的一方。 【23题详解】 考查形容词。句意：当时的症状很不明显，可能就是放错了一件物品，或是忘记一些日期。A. misplaced错放的；B. old旧的；C. damaged被损坏的；D. expensive昂贵的。根据上文“The signs back then were subtle”可知，阿尔茨海默病初期症状很轻微，错放物品符合初期病症表现。 【24题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我没放在心上，回到美国后，我还很确信祖母会一直保持健康。A. proud骄傲的；B. confident有信心的，确信的；C. grateful感激的；D. relieved安心的。根据前文“Unconcerned”以及后文“my grandmother would remain healthy”和“my confidence”可知，作者当时不担心祖母，确信祖母身体没问题。 【25题详解】 考查名词。句意：那个夏天之后，我妈妈会指着手机让祖母认我和表亲们，问：“你还认识他们吗？”A. flashlight手电筒；B. phone手机；C. telescope望远镜；D. pen笔。根据后文“look at the screen”可知，这里是对着手机屏幕。 【26题详解】 考查动词。句意：每次祖母都会看着屏幕喊出我们的名字，这似乎增强了我的信心。A. restore恢复；B. gain获得；C. boost促进，增强；D. weaken削弱。根据上文“Every time, my grandmother would look at the screen and shout our names”祖母能正确叫出作者他们的名字，可知，这让作者更相信祖母病情没有恶化，增强了作者对祖母保持健康的信心。 【27题详解】 考查动词。句意：当祖母认不出我哥哥的时候，这份信心消退了。A. mention提到；B. recall回忆；C. recognize认出，识别；D. notice注意。根据前文“my grandmother would look at the screen and shout our names, which only seemed to _______ my confidence.”可知，作者在祖母能认出人的时候确信祖母是健康的，信心消退是因为祖母无法认出亲人了。 【28题详解】 考查副词。句意：我进客厅的时候，她正安静地坐在沙发上。A. patiently耐心地；B. quietly安静地；C. excitedly激动地；D. anxiously焦虑地。根据上文“she was sitting on the sofa”可知，此时祖母病情已经加重，忘记了很多事，作者进门时看到她安静地坐在沙发上，符合阿尔兹海默病患者茫然的症状。 【29题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：当我妈妈问“你还认识他吗”，祖母认出我叫出我的昵称时，脸上露出了喜色。A. froze up冻住；B. clouded over变阴沉；C. turned over翻转；D. lit up露出喜色，变明亮。根据后文“as she called me by my nickname”可知，祖母认出了作者，开心地叫出作者的昵称，脸上露出喜色。 【30题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我感到一阵宽慰，但很明显事情已经发生了很大变化。A. possible可能的；B. unimportant不重要的；C. evident明显的；D. unclear不清楚的。根据后文“She often woke up ______, forgetting where she was, and her hands ______ with simple tasks. She asked again and again, “How are you?””描述的祖母的症状可知，病情恶化已经很明显了。 【31题详解】 考查形容词。句意：她醒来经常很困惑，忘记自己在哪里，手做简单的活都很吃力。A. confused困惑的；B. exhausted疲惫的；C. regretful后悔的；D. nervous紧张的。根据后文“forgetting where she was”可知，醒来后不知道自己在哪里，是很困惑。 【32题详解】 考查动词。句意：同上。A. dealt处理；B. struggled挣扎，吃力地做；C. began开始；D. worked工作。根据后文“with simple tasks”和常识可知，祖母病情加重，做简单的活都很吃力，struggle with表示“做……很吃力”。 【33题详解】 考查动词。句意：她一遍又一遍地问“你过得好吗？”，我笑着回答“我很好，祖母”。A. smiled微笑；B. hesitated犹豫；C. reflected反思；D. sighed叹气。根据前文“I had spent the greater half of my childhood with her”和后文“and answered, “I’m good, Grandma.””可知，作者对祖母感情深厚，面对患病的祖母反复的问候，作者微笑着回答。 【34题详解】 考查动词。句意：看着她受苦我很痛苦。A. quit放弃；B. weep哭泣；C. ache疼痛；D. suffer受苦。根据上文描述祖母病情加重的各种症状可知，祖母被阿尔茨海默病折磨，所以作者看着祖母受苦十分心痛。 【35题详解】 考查动词。句意：然而即使在病情不断恶化的时候，她依然教会了我爱别人到底意味着什么。A. love爱；B. protect保护；C. help帮助；D. understand理解。全文围绕作者和祖母的亲情展开，结合上文“She asked again and again, “How are you?””可知，即便患病，祖母依然记得作者，关心作者，这份亲情让作者懂得了爱别人的真正意义。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Pottery fragments (陶器碎片) found in a south China cave have been confirmed to be 20,000 years old, making them the oldest ____36____ (know) pottery in the world. The findings appear in the journal Science. This finding pushes ____37____ emergence of pottery back to the last ice age. It disproves old theories that pottery was invented only about 10,000 years ago, when humans became farmers. Gideon Shelach of the Hebrew University wrote in Science that such research is key to ____38____ (understand) human development long before agricultural societies began. Wu Xiaohong, a Peking University professor and lead author of the study, said her team was very excited. The fragments ____39____ (discover) in the Xianrendong cave in Jiangxi Province. Some researchers had ____40____ (early) estimated they could be 20,000 years old, but there were doubts. “We thought it would be impossible because the ____41____ (convention) theory was that pottery was invented following the shift ____42____ agriculture,” Wu said. Her research group, ____43____ included experts from Harvard and Boston universities, was able to ____44____ (precise) calculate the age by 2009. The key was ensuring the dated samples were from the same period as the pottery. Scientists took samples like bones and charcoal from above and below the fragments. The cave’s sediments (沉积物) had built up without _____45_____ (disturb), keeping the time order clear. Wu said this finding helped them understand the development of early human civilization. 【答案】36. known 37. the 38. understanding 39. were discovered 40. earlier 41. conventional 42. to 43. which 44. precisely 45. disturbance##being disturbed 【解析】 【导语】主要介绍中国江西仙人洞出土两万年前陶片，刷新全球最古老陶器纪录，以及相关科研过程与研究意义。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国南方一处洞穴发现的陶片经确认已有两万年历史，是目前已知全球最古老的陶器。此处非谓语作定语，pottery和know之间为被动关系，用过去分词known。 【37题详解】 考查冠词。句意：该发现把陶器的出现时间追溯至末次冰河时期。此处特指陶器的出现，用定冠词the。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：希伯来大学的吉迪恩·谢拉赫在《科学》期刊中写道，这类研究对理解农耕社会出现之前的人类发展至关重要。此处为固定搭配the key to doing sth.，to是介词，后接动名词understanding作宾语。 【39题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：这些陶片出土于江西省仙人洞。此处作谓语，动作发生在过去，主语fragments与discover为被动关系，用一般过去时被动语态，且主语为名词复数，所以谓语动词为were discovered。 【40题详解】 考查副词比较级。句意：早前已有部分研究者推测这些陶片距今两万年，但当时饱受质疑。结合语境表示“早先、此前”，用early的比较级earlier。 【41题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我们此前觉得这不可能，因为传统理论认为陶器是在人类转向农耕之后才出现的。此处修饰名词theory，用形容词conventional意为“传统的”。 【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：我们此前觉得这不可能，因为传统理论认为陶器是在人类转向农耕之后才出现的。此处为固定搭配shift to意为“转向……”，所以此处使用介词to。 【43题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这支包含哈佛、波士顿大学专家的研究团队在2009年实现精准年代测算。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为research group，指代事物，从句缺主语，用关系代词which。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：这支包含哈佛、波士顿大学专家的研究团队在2009年实现精准年代测算。此处修饰动词calculate，用precise的副词precisely意为“精确地”。 【45题详解】 考查名词或非谓语。句意：洞穴沉积物自然堆积未受干扰，完整保留了年代顺序。介词without后可接名词或者动名词作宾语，所以此处使用disturb的名词disturbance，也可接动名词形式作宾语，disturb与逻辑主语The cave’s sediments之间为被动关系，所以此处也使用动名词的被动形式being disturbed。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是新来的交换生Jenny，你想在学校英文报上发布一则启事，寻找一位帮助你学习中文的学生伙伴。内容包括： （1）自我介绍； （2）你的期望。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Seeking a Chinese Language Partner Hello everyone, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Sincerely, Jenny May 18 【答案】One possible version: Seeking a Chinese Language Partner Hello everyone, I am Jenny, a new exchange student from Australia. Having just arrived, I am eager to learn some basic Chinese, which will help me communicate better within our school and the local community. I am looking for a patient and friendly person to be my language partner. Meeting once a week for a casual conversation would be ideal. We can chat over coffee or explore the neighborhood while practicing spoken Chinese. Anyone interested is welcome to contact me via email at jenny@school.edu. I believe we can learn a great deal from each other! Thank you. Sincerely, Jenny May 18 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生以交换生Jenny的身份，在学校英文报发布一则寻中文学习伙伴的启事，内容包含自我介绍与对搭档的期待。 【详解】1.词汇积累 渴望的：eager→desperate 寻找：look for→seek for 基础的：basic→fundamental 联系：contact→get in touch with 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I am looking for a patient and friendly person to be my language partner. 拓展句：I am looking for a patient and friendly person who can serve as my language partner. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Having just arrived, I am eager to learn some basic Chinese, which will help me communicate better within our school and the local community.（运用了现在分词Having just arrived作状语及which引导非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】I believe we can learn a great deal from each other!（运用了省略连接词that的宾语从句） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Every Saturday morning, high schoolmates Michel and Robert cycled to the Sunshine Market to buy fresh fruit for their families. They enjoyed the market atmosphere — the shouts of sellers, the colorful piles of vegetables, and the smell of fruits. Michel, who loved biology, often pointed out different types of local produce, while Robert was better at bargaining for the best prices. One Saturday morning, they were searching for ripe peaches when Robert touched Michel. “Look over there, near the back fence,” he whispered. A man in a worn-out jacket stood somewhat apart from the regular fruit stalls. At his feet was a small, cardboard box, not filled with fruits, but with something that might be live animals. Filled with curiosity, the boys moved closer, pretending to examine some nearby apples. Inside the box, several small, brown creatures crowded together, their backs trembling. They were hedgehogs (刺猬)! Michel’s heart sank. He recognized them from a wildlife documentary; they were a protected species in their country, often victims of the illegal pet trade because people found them attractive. The man was speaking quietly to a customer, gesturing to the box. “Good for kids. Cool pets,” they heard him say. The boys moved away, their fruit forgotten. “He can’t sell those animals. It’s illegal,” Michel whispered, anger rising in his voice. Robert felt uneasy and said, “What can we do? We’re helpless.” They debated quickly. They could ignore it and walk away. They could confront the man directly, but that seemed risky and unlikely to work. Michel remembered a speech at school about reporting wildlife crime. “The market must have a management office,” he suggested. “They have authority here.” Robert agreed it was the safest and workable plan. The challenge was finding the office without the seller noticing them and perhaps disappearing with the hedgehogs. They needed to act quickly. Michel took a final look at the fearful animals in the box and made a decision. 注意： （1）续写词数应为 150 个左右； （2）请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Michel told Robert to watch the man as he went to find the market office. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Following Michel, the two market guards approached the seller. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Michel told Robert to watch the man as he went to find the market office. Weaving between shoppers and carts, Michel finally spotted a sign that read “Market Management” and rushed inside. He quickly explained the situation to a woman at the desk, describing the man, the box and the hedgehogs. Impressed by his clear and urgent report, the woman immediately called two security guards over her radio. Meanwhile, Robert stood nervously by a fruit stall, watching as the man made a sale to a woman who looked completely unaware of the law. He felt a surge of relief when he saw Michel returning with two guards. Following Michel, the two market guards approached the seller. The tough man’s smile disappeared as the guards asked to inspect his box, and he began to argue loudly. The guards calmly insisted, and upon confirming the contents, they took possession of the box. Michel and Robert watched as the frightened hedgehogs were carefully transferred to a safe container by the guards, who then called the local wildlife rescue center. An hour later, a volunteer from the center arrived, thanked the boys for their bravery, and drove away with the animals that would be examined and later released into a nearby forest. Watching the rescuer leave, Michel and Robert smiled with relief. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。两个热爱逛本地市集的男孩Michel和Robert意外发现有人非法售卖受保护的野生刺猬，愤怒又担忧的他们决心要救下这些小生命，经过快速商议，二人决定向市场管理处举报，在市场管理处的干预下，这些可怜的野生刺猬最终获救。 【详解】1. 续写线索： ①由续写第一段首句内容可知，第一段可以描写Michel和Robert相互配合，Michel去寻找市场管理处并报告情况，而Robert则在原地留意卖刺猬的男子动向。 ②由续写第二段首句内容可知，第二段可以描写市场管理处人员过来查看情况并查收了刺猬，最终刺猬获救。 2. 段落续写： Michel寻找市场管理处——报告非法销售刺猬——市场管理处派人查看——Robert监视男子——市场管理处人员确认事实、查收刺猬——联系野生动物救助中心——中心志愿者表达感谢——刺猬获救 3. 词汇激活： 行为类 ①描述：describe/depict ②消失：disappear/vanish 情绪类 ①宽慰：relief/comfort ②害怕的：frightened/afraid 【点睛】【高分句型1】Weaving between shoppers and carts, Michel finally spotted a sign that read “Market Management” and rushed inside.(使用了现在分词作状语、that引导定语从句) 【高分句型2】Meanwhile, Robert stood nervously by a fruit stall, watching as the man made a sale to a woman who looked completely unaware of the law.(使用了现在分词作状语、as引导时间状语从句、who引导定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $