课时通关精练(13)Unit 1 Food Matters（Word练习）-【金版新学案】2027年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（译林版）

**基本信息** 聚焦高考英语一轮复习，以“题型方法+语篇逻辑+词汇支撑”构建专项训练体系，融合语言能力与思维品质培养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|8题（2篇高三模拟）|细节题定位原文、推理题段落推断、标题题主旨概括|词汇（障碍词/熟词生义）→语篇理解→题型方法对应| |阅读七选五|5题（湖北模拟）|上下文逻辑衔接（承上启下/指代关系）|语篇结构分析→衔接词运用→逻辑链构建| |完形填空|15题（记叙文）|语境分析+词汇辨析（动词/形容词）|词缀变形/核心词块→语境语义→情感线索推导|

[课时通关精练(十三)] (时间：35分钟　满分：47.5分) Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题，每小题2.5分，共20分) A (2025·江苏省泰州中学高三一模) Indoor food growing operations are seeing both successes and failures in the United States.Some companies in the food industry are investing (投资) even as competitors fail. California­based Plenty Unlimited this summer began working on $300 million indoor plants, while Kroger announced that it would be increasing its availability of vertically (垂直地) farmed produce.Meanwhile, two indoor farming companies that got strong backing—New Jersey's AeroFarms and Kentucky's AppHarvest—filed for financial failure and reorganization.And a five­year­old company in Detroit, Planted Detroit, shut its doors this summer. The industry changes do not worry Jacob Portillo, a grower with Eden Green Technology, an indoor farming company.“The fact that other people are failing and other people are succeeding is going to happen in any industry you go to，” he said. Indoor farming refers to growing crops indoors, which experts sometimes call “controlled environment agriculture”．There are different methods.One method called vertical farming involves putting produce from floor to ceiling, often under artificial lights and with the plants growing in nutrient­enriched water.Other growers are trying very large greenhouses, indoor beds of soil in big buildings and using special robots for parts of the farming process. Supporters say growing indoors uses less water and land and permits food to be grown closer to consumers, saving on transport.Indoor growing is also a way to protect crops from increasingly extreme weather caused by climate change. But critics question the sustainability (可持续性) of operations that can require a lot of energy for artificial lights.And they say paying for that light can make profitability impossible.Curt Covington of AgAmerica Lending, a private investment company centred on agriculture, is not convinced that indoor farming operations can work—except in special cases.Given the high cost of indoor operations, Covington said, “It's just hard to be very profitable.” 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了室内食品种植的现状、人们对室内种植的不同看法，并提及了其不确定的前景。 1．What is Jacob Portillo's attitude to the indoor food growing industry? A．Positive. B．Worried. C．Unclear. D．Doubtful. A　推理判断题。根据第三段内容可推断，雅各布·波蒂略对室内食物种植业持“肯定”态度。故选A。 2．What can we learn about indoor farming? A．It takes a lot of manpower to take care of plants. B．It means growing plants in water instead of soil. C.It protects crops from increasingly extreme weather. D.It is different from controlled environment agriculture. C　细节理解题。根据第五段“Indoor growing is ... by climate change.”可知，室内农业能保护作物免受日益极端的天气影响。故选C。 3．Why did Curt Covington question indoor farming operations? A．They produce little food. B．They carry great cost. C．They need sunlight. D．They lack investors. B　细节理解题。根据最后一段“Given the high cost of indoor operations, Covington said, ‘It's just hard to be very profitable.’”可知，科温顿质疑室内农业运营的核心原因是其成本太高。故选B。 4．What is the best title for the text? A．What Types of Food Can Be Grown Indoors? B．How Can You Grow Food Indoors Without Soil? C.Indoor Farming Companies Take Agriculture Indoors D.Indoor Food Growing Operations Face an Uncertain Future D　标题归纳题。根据第一段内容，且文章整体围绕室内食品种植的现状、人们对室内种植的不同看法以及其不确定的前景展开，可知D选项“室内食品种植面临不确定的未来”最能概括全文主旨。故选D。 B (2025·安徽省合肥八中等二十学校高三下考试) A can of soft drink and two large eggs may have a similar number of calories, but the eggs will provide us with protein, vitamins and other nutrients, and satisfy our hunger, while a fizzy drink provides little more than calories.The important concept here is nutrient density (密度), which refers to the number of nutrients we take in for each calorie consumed.No one would suggest replacing sweet drinks with eggs, but what can we do to increase nutrient density in our diet? On British supermarket shelves, the reminder “Have you had your five a day？” encourages customers to maintain a healthy diet by eating at least five portions of fruit and vegetables every day.Many countries have launched similar campaigns to encourage people to eat more healthily.Fresh, natural produce is usually very dense in nutrients.Eating a wide range of fruit and vegetables is important, so some advice focuses on including different colours of food in our diets.“Eating a rainbow” could be one way to get more nutrients. Other advice recommends that we should be more adventurous in what we eat.Cooking food that we haven't eaten before can lead us to use ingredients that we don't usually consume.This can give us a wider range of nutrients.It's not just about fruit and vegetables.Even flavourings such as garlic, ginger or turmeric can have antioxidant and anti­inflammatory properties, while also leading people to use less salt.Dairy products such as milk and cheese, are high in calcium, while in limited amounts, meat can be a good source of protein. If you're not feeling that adventurous, then swapping food items can be beneficial.Choosing wholegrain bread or rice instead of white bread or rice can increase fibre intake.Unsalted nuts provide more nutrients than snacks such as crisps.Possibly surprisingly, popcorn is a wholegrain snack that is high in fibre. So, fresh fruit and vegetables, swapping the worst things, and just a little bit more adventure could be the secret to a more nutritious diet. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了营养密度的概念，并介绍了通过选择富含营养的食物(如水果、蔬菜、全谷物等)来提高饮食中的营养密度，进而促进健康的办法。 5．What does “Eating a rainbow” suggest? A．Focusing on low­calorie foods. B．Avoiding white and black foods. C．Adding variously coloured foods to what we eat. D．Including rainbow­coloured snacks in our diets. C　推理判断题。根据第二段中“Eating a wide range of fruit ... to get more nutrients.”可推知，这里强调通过在饮食中加入不同颜色的食物来获取更多营养。故选C。 6．What can happen if we are more adventurous in our food choices? A．We reduce calories in our diets. B．We eat more fruits and vegetables. C．We consume more unhealthy food. D．We gain access to diverse nutrients. D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Cooking food ... a wider range of nutrients.”可知，通过尝试新食物，可以获取更多种类的营养。故选D。 7．Which of the following is the healthiest swap? A．Swapping white rice for wholegrain rice. B．Swapping two eggs for a can of soft drink. C．Swapping popcorn for wholegrain bread. D．Swapping unsalted nuts for white bread. A　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Choosing wholegrain bread ... such as crisps.”可知，用粗粮代替白米饭是最健康的替换选择。故选A。 8．Which of the following serves as the best title? A．Eating a Balanced Diet is Essential for Health B．Nutrient Density：Key to a Healthy Diet C．Eggs：A Better Choice than Sugary Drinks D．Fruits and Vegetables：Always the Best Choice B　标题归纳题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“The important concept here ... to increase nutrient density in our diet？”可知，文章围绕“营养密度”的概念展开，介绍了提高饮食营养密度的多种方法，核心是“营养密度对健康饮食的关键作用”。B项“营养密度是健康饮食的关键”最能概括全文主旨。故选B。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(共5小题，每小题2.5分，共12.5分) (2025·湖北省新八校协作体高三下5月模拟) The historic city of Suzhou is crossed with canals.Old whitewashed buildings line the banks.A century ago, some of these would have been chaguans, or traditional teahouses, where locals gathered to discuss the news or conduct business.1( ) There are dozens of Starbucks outlets in Suzhou, as well as other coffee sellers.Last year China surpassed America, becoming the country with the most branded coffee shops in the world. The early history of coffee in China is unclear.It is reported that it was Danes who opened the first coffee shop in the country in the 1830s.2( ) That was partly because the Qing Dynasty looked down upon foreigners and sought to prevent their influence.A century later, Lu Xun, a celebrated author, wrote that he didn't drink the stuff, “I always thought it was for the Westerners.” He and most other Chinese people preferred tea. 3( ) After China introduced market reforms and opened up to the world in the 1980s, foreign firms such as Maxwell House and Nestle brought instant coffee to the country.They catered to local tastes, making their mixes sweeter and less bitter than what they sold elsewhere.The biggest coffee­drinking group was still white­collar workers in first­tier cities aged between 20 and 40.4( ) Today, a wider range of the population is partaking thanks to the rise of domestic coffee chains selling affordable coffee.The leader is Luckin Coffee, with over 20，000 outlets.5( ) A cup of basic Luckin coffee is about a third of the price of an equivalent Starbucks offering.Luckin's sales in China exceeded Starbucks' for the first time in 2023.Both chains are expanding into smaller cities. A．Starbucks, by comparison, has 7，300 shops. B．China is home to nearly 50，000 such outlets. C．Unfortunately, the drink didn't catch on then. D．It was totally a different story fifty years later. E．Holding a Starbucks cup became a status symbol for them. F．This marked the beginning of a new era for coffee in China. G．Today visitors are more likely to find shops serving a different kind of drink. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了咖啡在中国的发展历程以及当前的市场状况。 1．G　空前讲述过去人们在茶馆聚集的场景，下文则说明如今中国有众多咖啡门店，G选项“如今，游客们更有可能找到供应不同种类饮料的商店”，既承接上文的“以前”，又引出下文“咖啡等各类饮料门店增多”的现状，起到承上启下的作用，符合语境，故选G。 2．C　空前提到丹麦人开了第一家咖啡店，空后说明清朝时期轻视外国人，试图阻止其影响的背景，由此可见，咖啡当时不受欢迎，C选项“不幸的是，这种饮料当时并没有流行起来”直接点明了咖啡未普及的现状，承上启下，符合语境，故选C。 3．D　空后说明后来咖啡开始在中国流行开来，D选项“50年后，情况完全不同了”点明时间跨度带来的转变，引出下文，符合语境，故选D。 4．E　空前说明了白领是最大的咖啡消费群体，空处需承接这一话题，E选项“拿着星巴克的杯子成为他们地位的象征”中，them指代前文的“白领”，既体现了咖啡在白领中的普及，也凸显了其对该群体的特殊意义，承接上文，符合语境，故选E。 5．A　空前说明了瑞幸有很多门店，空后提到了星巴克咖啡，因此空格处应该提到星巴克有多少门店，A选项“相比之下，星巴克拥有7 300家门店”说明了星巴克有多少门店，承上启下，符合语境，故选A。 Ⅲ.完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，共15分) Last Christmas, I volunteered for WNWNB, a charity which takes surplus (剩余的) produce from New Covent Garden Market and 1 it to the local community. The food was already in containers.So we set up the stand and got ready to distribute some Christmas 2 .At first, it was 3 .People seemed a bit suspicious of taking food for free.But they gradually 4 us, and we had a fun afternoon singing carols and trying to 5 passers­by to take our food. It was then time to deliver meals to those who weren't able to come.This was 6 things changed for me.The first door I knocked on was 7 by a woman in her 30s.She had children and looked absolutely worn out.I told her I was from WNWNB and gave her the 8 meals.It was probably only about two days' worth of food, but the way she 9 ， I felt as if I were handing her gold. I had similar responses to my next 10 .In some cases, when people were elderly or alone, I'd go into their homes and have a brief 11 before heading off.Many felt 12 ， but I saw how happy they were to have another adult human to 13 . As a local politician, I knock on doors and talk to people a lot, but there was something deeper about those 14 on Christmas Day.I finished my day at WNWNB a slightly different person from the one who 15 . 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者作为慈善机构WNWNB的志愿者，为当地社区分发剩余农产品，在分发的过程中与人们交流互动，也从中获得了更深层次的感悟。 1． A．distributes B．introduces C．sells D．exhibits A　根据下文“So we set up the stand and got ready to distribute some Christmas 2 .”可知，此处表示将剩余产品分发给当地社区。故选A项。 2． A．forgiveness B．images C．recipes D．cheer D　根据上文以及“So we set up the stand and got ready to distribute some Christmas”可知，此处表示作者摆好摊位，准备将食物分发给当地社区的人们，为人们带去一些圣诞节时的快乐。故选D项。 3． A．easy B．nice C．slow D．safe C　根据下文“People seemed a bit suspicious of taking food for free.”可知，人们似乎有些怀疑，所以作者分发的速度很慢。故选C项。 4． A．broke away from B．put up with C．cut in on D．warmed up to D　根据下文以及语境可知，人们逐渐对作者产生了热情。故选D项。 5． A．threaten B．encourage C．allow D．command B　根据上文以及语境可知，人们逐渐对作者产生热情，还会鼓励路人拿走食物。故选B项。 6． A．why B．how C．where D．when D　根据上文“It was then time to deliver meals to those who weren't able to come.”以及语境可知，此处表示在作者给那些不能来的人们送餐的时候，事情发生了变化。故选D项。 7． A．opened B．repaired C．cleaned D．guarded A　根据上文“The first door I knocked on”可知，作者敲门后，一位30多岁的女士打开门。故选A项。 8． A．costly B．unfinished C．deserted D．ready D　根据上文“The food was already in containers.”以及“It was then time to deliver meals to those who weren't able to come.”可知，食物已经被装在容器里准备好了，此处表示作者送去准备好的饭菜。故选D项。 9． A．declined B．reacted C．argued D．traded B　根据下文“I felt as if I were handing her gold”以及语境可知，这位女士的反应使得作者觉得自己好像在给她金子。故选B项。 10． A．purchases B．interviews C．deliveries D．schedules C　根据上文“It was then time to deliver meals to those who weren't able to come.”以及语境可知，此处表示作者给不能来的人送食物，此处表示给那位女士送完之后的下一次递送。故选C项。 11． A．meal B．chat C．report D．silence B　根据下文“As a local politician, I knock on doors and talk to people a lot, but there was something deeper about those 14 on Christmas Day.”可推知，此处表示作者会走进老人或者独居的人家里，和他们简短地聊天。故选B项。 12． A．proud B．free C．lonely D．content C　根据上文可知，本句中Many指代上文提及的老人和独居的人，结合常识，他们会感到孤独。故选C项。 13． A．connect with B．look after C．turn to D．rely on A　根据上文“In some cases, when people were elderly or alone, I'd go into their homes and have a brief 11 before heading off.”可知，作者会走进老人或者独居的人家里，和他们简短地聊天，所以此处表示他们感觉开心是由于他们可以和其他人产生联系。故选A项。 14． A．conversations B．budgets C．explanations D．deals A　根据上文“As a local politician, I knock on doors and talk to people a lot”以及语境可知，经常与人交谈的作者认为圣诞节这天的对话有更深层次的意义。故选A项。 15． A．hesitated B．started C．ignored D．struggled B　根据上文可知，作者在WNWNB做志愿者结束后，感受到不同，所以此处表示现在的自己与开始的那个自己不同。故选B项。 障碍词汇 A篇 financial adj.财务的；金融的　artificial adj.人工的；人造的　profitability n．盈利能力；盈利性 B篇 protein n．蛋白质　nutrients n．营养素　fizzy adj.起泡的　flavourings n．调味品；调味料　antioxidant adj./n.抗氧化的；抗氧化剂　wholegrain adj.全谷物的 七选五 outlet n．门店；经销店　surpass vt.超过；超越　celebrated adj.著名的；声名远扬的　reform n．改革；变革　domestic adj.国内的；本土的 熟词生义 A篇 file vt.归档；把……存档(常用义)→(文章义)vt.提交(法律或官方文件) B篇 produce vt.生产；制造(常用义)→(文章义)n.农产品(尤指新鲜水果、蔬菜) 七选五 mix vt.& vi.混合；调配 n．混合物；混合状态(常用义)→(文章义)n.预调咖啡饮品 完形 stand vi.站立 n．立场(常用义)→(文章义)n.摊位 词缀变形 A篇 investment n．投资额；投资；(时间、精力的)投入→invest vt.& vi.投资→investor n．投资人　compete vi.竞争；对抗；参加比赛→competition n．竞争；比赛→competitor n．竞争者→competitive adj.有竞争力的；竞争性的→competitiveness n．竞争力 B篇 consumption n．消耗；消耗量；消费→consume vt.消耗；耗费；吃；喝；使充满(强烈的感情)→consumer n．消费者　adventure n．冒险；奇遇；冒险精神→adventurous adj.有冒险精神的；大胆开拓的；刺激不断的；惊险的→adventurer n．冒险家；冒险者→misadventure n．厄运；不幸遭遇 七选五 historical adj.(有关)历史的→historically adv.历史上→historic adj.历史上著名(或重要)的→history n．历史→historian n．历史学家 完形 distribution n．分布；分配；分发；经销；分销→distribute vt.分发；分配；使散开；使分布；分散；分销→distributive adj.经销的；分销的→distributional adj.分配的；分发的→distributor n．经销商；分销商　suspect vt.& vi.怀疑；疑有；不信任 n．犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象 adj.可疑的→suspected adj.有嫌疑的→suspicious adj.怀疑的 核心词块 A篇 vertically farmed produce垂直种植的农产品　nutrient­enriched water营养液　get strong backing获得强有力的支持 B篇 nutrient density营养密度　be adventurous in (doing sth) 在(做某事)上敢于尝试 七选五 domestic coffee chains本土咖啡连锁店　cater to local tastes迎合本地口味　catch on流行起来；被广泛接受 status symbol 身份象征 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $