课时通关精练(9)Unit 1 Nature in the Balance（Word练习）-【金版新学案】2027年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（译林版）

**基本信息** 以环保主题为载体，整合阅读理解、七选五、完形填空模块，通过题型分类提炼解题方法，构建“现象-原因-行动”知识逻辑链，提升语言理解与思维分析能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|8题（2篇）|细节题定位原文信息，推理题分析上下文逻辑，标题题概括主旨|从环保人物实践（A篇）到全球趋势原因（B篇），形成“个体行动-社会动因”认知递进| |阅读七选五|5题|通过上下文衔接词（如However、Additionally）判断逻辑关系|围绕海洋重要性及保护措施，构建“问题-价值-行动”论证链条| |完形填空|15题|语境词义辨析（如动词搭配、情感态度词）|以青少年环保组织创立为主线，展现“兴趣-行动-影响”成长逻辑|

[课时通关精练(九)] (时间：35分钟　满分：47.5分) Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题，每小题2.5分，共20分) A (2025·山东省实验中学高三一模) Living a zero­waste lifestyle might seem like a daunting challenge to many, but for Robin Greenfield, an environmental activist, it's a joyful mission to inspire change. To promote awareness of waste issues, he created the outstanding “Trash Walk”．Last year, he undertook another walk in Los Angeles.For a month, he lived like an average city resident—eating, shopping, and consuming—while attaching every piece of trash he produced to his body.By the end of the month, he wore a massive “trash suit” made of bottles, plastic, paper, and cans as he wandered through the streets of L A． And Robin Greenfield is not doing art for art's sake.He has many useful recommendations on how to avoid trash, how to live sustainably and how to find out what is really important in life.His book The Story of Stuff shows the interconnections and contingencies of the 21st­century capitalism.The other book Food Freedom tackles another one of the big problems of consumerist society: the broken system and terrible mechanisms of industrial agriculture.As always, he's donating the profits and most of his earnings to important causes—this time to Indigenous and Black­led food sovereignty projects, many of which are run by women.He relies on exchanging knowledge and skills to live with minimal financial resources. Robin Greenfield enhances his authenticity by living his values.He's working with others to build food systems that are regenerative, fair, and just.He demonstrates contentment through minimal material needs and inspirational actions, such as building sustainable tiny houses from recycled materials—projects he has repeated multiple times. His point was crystal clear—we don't usually see the impact of all the waste we produce.But waste doesn't just disappear.As a walking “trash man”， he invites everyone to imagine—and practically build—a world where protecting the planet becomes second nature. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了环保活动家罗宾·格林菲尔德通过亲身实践零废弃生活方式、开展Trash Walk等行动，倡导人们关注垃圾问题、践行环境保护，并通过写作与公益行动进一步推动社会可持续发展。 1．What did Robin Greenfield do during his walk last year? A．He collected trash from the streets. B．He wore all the trash he generated. C．He resided in the streets of L A． D．He sold many artworks of trash. B　细节理解题。根据第二段可知，罗宾·格林菲尔德在洛杉矶进行Trash Walk活动期间，把自己产生的每一片垃圾都绑在身上，到月底时穿着一件由垃圾制成的“垃圾服”在街头漫步。故选B。 2．Why were his two books mentioned in Paragraph 3? A．To emphasize his popularity as an author. B．To prove the benefits of living sustainably. C.To show his practical efforts for the environment. D.To criticize modern capitalism and consumerism. C　推理判断题。根据第三段可知，罗宾·格林菲尔德的这两本书都围绕环保和可持续生活展开，为人们提供了切实可行的建议，如避免垃圾、践行可持续生活等，旨在通过书中的内容引导人们关注环境问题并采取行动，展现了他为环保所做的实际努力。故选C。 3．What does Robin Greenfield suggest people do? A．Donate all their earnings. B．Lead an eco­friendly life. C．Maximize their material needs. D．Engage in industrial agriculture. B　细节理解题。根据第四段中“Robin Greenfield ... that are regenerative, fair, and just.”以及结合全文内容可知，罗宾·格林菲尔德通过Trash Walk活动、写作、捐赠等行动，倡导人们关注垃圾问题和环境保护，推动社会可持续发展，建议人们过环保的生活。故选B。 4．Which of the following best describes Robin Greenfield? A．Inspiring and caring. B．Innovative and strict. C．Passionate and modest. D．Persistent and demanding. A　推理判断题。根据第一段可知，罗宾·格林菲尔德将零废弃生活视为一项快乐使命，满怀激情投身环保事业；根据第三段可知，他将自己的利润和大部分收入捐赠给重要事业，尤其支持由土著和黑人领导的食物主权项目(其中许多由女性经营)，体现出他对他人的关怀。由此可知，罗宾·格林菲尔德是富有感染力且有爱心的人。故选A。 B (2025·江苏省海安高级中学高三上期中) In recent years, there has been a significant shift towards adopting eco­friendly practices and promoting sustainable lifestyles.This global trend is fuelled by various factors, ranging from heightened environmental awareness to economic advantages. A primary driver behind the rise of green living is the increasing awareness of environmental issues, particularly the urgent need to address climate change.As people become more informed about the harmful effects of carbon emissions, deforestation, and pollution, there is a collective push towards adopting practices that minimize ecological impact. Beyond environmental concerns, there are some economic motives driving the shift towards sustainability.For instance, energy­efficient technologies and practices can significantly reduce utility bills over time, making them financially advantageous for homeowners and businesses alike.Additionally, governments and organisations often offer some financial stimuli such as tax credits and subsidies (补贴) to encourage the development and adoption of renewable energy sources. For example, solar energy has emerged as a frontrunner in the renewable energy sector, attracting widespread interest from homeowners and businesses seeking clean energy solutions.Solar panels use sunlight to generate electricity, offering a sustainable alternative to traditional fossil fuels.The declining costs of solar technology, coupled with advancements in efficiency and storage capabilities, have made solar panels increasingly practical and cost­effective. Consumer attitudes and preferences are also factors driving the demand for sustainable products and services.Millennials (千禧一代) and Generation Z, in particular, prioritize environmental responsibility and prefer to support businesses that demonstrate a commitment to sustainability.This shift has urged businesses across various sectors to integrate eco­friendly practices into their operations, from sustainable sourcing to waste reduction initiatives. Moreover, the power of social influence cannot be underestimated in shaping consumer behaviour towards sustainability.Social media platforms and online communities raise awareness about environmental issues and show innovative green solutions.Individuals are increasingly motivated by peer examples, fostering a collective movement towards greener lifestyles. These living practices reflect a global commitment to sustainability.By choosing to integrate sustainable practices and technologies into everyday life, individuals and communities can contribute to mitigating climate change and creating a healthier planet for future generations. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了全球采取环保举措、倡导可持续生活方式背后的几大推动因素。 5．What is the result when the government offers financial stimuli according to the text? A．Green energy will be more accessible and affordable. B．It will bring too much financial burden to the government. C．Technology companies will make much progress in their field. D．Traditional fossil fuels will give way to renewable energy entirely. A　细节理解题。根据第三段中“Additionally, governments and organisations ... renewable energy sources.”及第四段中“The declining costs ... practical and cost­effective.”可知，政府提供财政刺激，有助于绿色能源变得更易获取、更经济实惠。故选A。 6．What is true about the consumer behaviour according to Paragraphs 5 and 6? A．Older generations have a more sustainable lifestyle. B．Peers make little difference in shaping consumer behaviour. C．Social influence promises to drive changes in consumer preferences. D．The eco­friendly practices of companies cause the shift of consumer behaviour. C　推理判断题。根据第五段中消费者对可持续产品的需求倾向，以及第六段中“Moreover, the power ... towards sustainability.”的表述可推知，社会影响有望推动消费者偏好的变化。故选C。 7．What is the purpose of the text? A．To initiate a process. B．To list some reasons. C．To address concerns. D．To analyse a dilemma. B　推理判断题。根据第一段中“This global trend ... to economic advantages.”可知，本文围绕“全球采取环保举措、倡导可持续生活方式”这一趋势，介绍了其背后的推动因素，核心目的是列举相关原因。故选B。 8．What is the suitable title of the text? A．Keeping Sustainable Development: The Strategic Goals for the Globe B.Protecting the Environment: An Everlasting Topic throughout the World C.Promoting Ourselves: A Better and More Advanced World in Store for Us D.Embracing Green Living: The Growing Movement towards Sustainability D　标题归纳题。根据第一段中“In recent years, there has been ... promoting sustainable lifestyles.”及最后一段可知，文章围绕“全球向绿色生活、可持续发展迈进”这一趋势，介绍了其推动因素，D选项最符合文章主旨大意。故选D。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(共5小题，每小题2.5分，共12.5分) (2025·山东省泰安市高三上期末) Life on Earth couldn't exist without oceans.1( ) World Oceans Day is a time to enhance understanding of oceans and why we must change the bad situation. World Oceans Day Did you know that 71 per cent of our planet is covered in ocean? 2( ) People around the world wear blue to celebrate World Oceans Day on 8 June every year, which is aimed at knowing why oceans are in danger and how essential it is to protect them. Why we need oceans Evidently, without oceans, life couldn't exist.Scientists don't know the exact number, but they think that oceans are home to 50 to 80 per cent of all species on Earth.Oceans hold about 97 per cent of all the water on our planet and give us rainwater and drinking water through the water cycle.3( ) How we use oceans Humans use the oceans in diverse ways.A lot of our food comes from the oceans, and millions of people worldwide have jobs related to fishing and fish farming.4( )We've been getting oil and gas from beneath the ocean floor for a long time, but now we are aware that renewable energy is eco­friendly for the future.We can use the power of waves and tides to produce electricity, and many wind farms are located offshore. What we can do to help For World Oceans Day you could join in a beach clean­up to help prevent plastic and other rubbish from getting into the sea.You could employ social media platforms to share posts, photos or videos to show how crucial oceans are.You could participate in a writing contest around the theme of the ocean or watch ocean­related documentaries.5( ) So, take action instantly. A．Thus, it is vital to explore them. B．However, our oceans are in danger. C．Besides, fossil energy is running out. D．That's why we call the Earth the “Blue Planet”． E．Oceans also provide us with much of our energy. F．Anyway, your efforts count remarkably in terms of protecting oceans. G．Additionally, much of the oxygen we breathe comes from marine plants. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了与海洋相关的一些知识以及保护海洋的举措。 1．B　根据上下文可知，选项与上文为转折关系，且承接下文说明海洋当前的状况。in danger与下文bad situation相呼应。故B选项“然而，我们的海洋正处于危险之中”切题。故选B项。 2．D　根据上文的设问(“你知道地球71%被海洋覆盖吗？”)可知，空处应对问题进行回答。故D选项“这就是我们称地球为‘蓝色星球’的原因”切题。故选D项。 3．G　根据上文可知，选项与上文为并列关系，进一步说明海洋的重要作用。故G选项“此外，我们呼吸的大部分氧气来自海洋植物”切题。故选G项。 4．E　根据下文可知，选项承接下文，说明海洋为人类提供了能源。energy呼应oil and gas。故E选项“海洋也为我们提供了大量的能源”切题。故选E项。 5．F　根据上文可知，选项承接上文，强调个人努力在保护海洋中的作用。故F选项“无论如何，你的努力在保护海洋方面意义重大”切题。故选F项。 Ⅲ.完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，共15分) (2025·湖南省益阳市安化二中高三上期中) When nine­year­old Ella Grace and Cash Daniels met in July 2019, they immediately connected.Within a short time, everything 1 ， birthing the Cleanup Kids—a youth­led non­profit organisation determined to make 2 in environmental conservation. Ella's 3 for the environment started with an early love of sharks and many 4 of cleaning up trash along the shores of Vero Beach.For Cash, the spark (火花) was 5 at just seven years old, when a single plastic straw on the beach 6 his eye.That's when he became aware of the crisis facing thousands of turtles, seabirds and other wildlife, which 7 death from consuming discarded plastic. Now both 14, they meet up in person for sea turtle releases, scuba­diving, or conferences.In 2022, out of more than 700 8 from across North America, Cash and Ella were chosen as two of the 25 to receive the Gloria Barron Prize for Young Heroes.This annual award recognises 25 9 young leaders, 10 from the US. “My hope for the Cleanup Kids is that it's not hundreds of kids, it's thousands of kids who have joined us，” says Ella.“Members' 11 include conducting at least one cleanup per month, documenting and photographing the collected trash, counting every piece to 12 to the goal of collecting one million pieces of trash by the year's end, and 13 and recycling items.” How can we have a considerable 14 both on people and the environment? Cash's best advice is to 15 small.“I began with just a couple of cleanups with my family.Don't overdo it，” he says.“And just remember that kids may be only a small part of the population, but we're 100 per cent of the future.” 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了两个青少年艾拉和卡什创立环保组织Cleanup Kids，致力于环境保护的故事。 1． A．sped up B．worked out C．came back D．calmed down B　根据下文birthing the Cleanup Kids可知，Cleanup Kids这个组织诞生了，事情进展顺利。故选B。 2． A．waves B．preparations C．discoveries D．noises A　根据上文“birthing the Cleanup Kids—a youth­led non­profit organisation”可知，这是一个致力于环保的组织，应该是在环保方面掀起波澜，产生影响。故选A。 3． A．talent B．passion C．opportunity D．memory B　根据下文an early love of sharks可知，艾拉从小就很喜欢鲨鱼，这里指的是艾拉对环境的热情。故选B。 4． A．experiments B．competitions C．appointments D．experiences D　根据下文of cleaning up trash along the shores of Vero Beach可知，这是在描述艾拉在海滩清理垃圾的经历。故选D。 5． A．set B．laid C．lit D．loaded C　根据上文the spark可知，此处指卡什对环保的热情被点燃了。故选C。 6． A．interrupted B．stopped C．caught D．disturbed C　根据下文his eye可知，此处指塑料吸管吸引了他的注意。catch one's eye意为“吸引某人的注意”。故选C。 7． A．risk B．abandon C．fear D．miss A　根据下文“death from consuming discarded plastic”可知，这些动物吃了丢弃的塑料，所以它们冒着死亡的风险。故选A。 8． A．schools B．applicants C．assistants D．families B　根据下文“Cash and Ella were chosen as two of the 25”可知，此处指艾拉和卡什参加比赛，在众多申请者被选出。故选B。 9． A．natural B．generous C．influential D．appropriate C　根据上文“Cash and Ella were chosen as two of the 25 to receive the Gloria Barron Prize for Young Heroes”可知，这个奖项是表彰有影响力的年轻领袖的。故选C。 10． A．casually B．constantly C．rarely D．mainly D　根据下文from the US可知，这个奖项的获奖者主要来自美国。故选D。 11． A．benefits B．responsibilities C．rewards D．challenges B　根据下文“include conducting at least one cleanup per month, documenting and photographing the collected trash”可知，这是Cleanup Kids组织成员的责任。故选B。 12． A．compare B．contribute C．turn D．donate B　根据下文to the goal of collecting one million pieces of trash by year's end可知，此处指成员们要为这个目标做出贡献。故选B。 13． A．sorting B．saving C．making D．offering A　根据下文and recycling items可知，此处指对物品进行分类和回收。故选A。 14． A．impact B．blame C．impression D．comment A　根据下文both on people and the environment可知，此处指对人和环境上产生巨大的影响。故选A。 15． A．replace B．overcome C．reduce D．start D　根据下文“I began with just a couple of cleanups with my family”可知，卡什建议从小事做起。故选D。 障碍词汇 A篇 authenticity n．真实性；可信度　contentment n．满足感；知足　tackle vt.应对；处理 B篇 fuel vt.刺激，推动 n．燃料　deforestation n．森林砍伐　utility n．公用事业(如水电)　subsidy n．补贴，津贴　fossil adj.化石的 n．化石　cost­effective adj.性价比高的；划算的　initiative n．倡议，举措 七选五 enhance vt.提高；增强　species n．物种；种类　renewable adj.可再生的　offshore adj.近海的；离岸的　documentary n．纪录片 熟词生义 A篇 crystal adj.水晶的；水晶制的(常用义)→(文章义)adj.完全的；极其清晰的 B篇 shape n．形状；外形 vt.使成形(常用义)→(文章义)vt.影响；塑造(观念、行为等) 七选五 farming n．农业；耕种(常用义)→(文章义)n.养殖(特指水产或畜牧养殖) 完形 document n．文件；公文(常用义)→(文章义)vt.记录；记载 词缀变形 A篇 massive adj.巨大的；非常严重的→massively adv.大量地　recycle vt.回收利用；再利用→recyclable adj.可回收利用的；可再循环的 B篇 commitment n．承诺；保证；奉献→commit vt.犯(错误；罪行等)；投入　vt.& vi.保证；承诺→committed adj.投入的；全心全意的　priority n．优先事项；首要的事→prior adj.先前的；较早的；优先的→prioritise vt.划分优先顺序；优先处理 七选五 diverse adj.不同的；多种多样的→diversity n．差异(性)；不同(点)；多样性　employ vt.使用；应用；雇用→employment n．雇用；使用→employer n．雇主；老板→employee n．雇工；雇员→unemployed adj.失业的 完形 recognition n．承认；认出；赞誉→recognise vt.识别；辨认出；意识到；认可，接受；赏识；公认→recognisable adj.容易认出的；易于识别的→recognised adj.公认的　influential adj.有很大影响力的；有支配力的→influence n．影响；作用；支配力；控制力 vt.影响 核心词块 A篇 daunting challenge艰巨的挑战　undertake a walk开展一次行走活动　art for art's sake为艺术而艺术 B篇 eco­friendly practices环保做法　environmental awareness 环保意识　renewable energy sources 可再生能源 energy­efficient technologies 节能技术 七选五 offshore wind farms海上风电场　count remarkably意义重大；极具价值 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $