课时通关精练(1)Unit 1 Back to School（Word练习）-【金版新学案】2027年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（译林版）

**基本信息** 聚焦高考英语核心题型，通过真题典例系统提炼解题方法，构建“题型-方法-体裁”三维知识逻辑，提升语言理解与思维推断能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|8小题（2篇）|推理判断抓细节、词句猜测依语境、写作意图析主旨|议论文与记叙文体裁差异→对应不同解题策略| |阅读七选五|5小题|衔接词定位、指代关系分析、段落主旨匹配|逆向规划理念→从课程目标到学生兴趣的逻辑链条| |完形填空|15小题|上下文语境推理、情感线索捕捉、词汇搭配辨析|大学生活叙事线索→语言知识与情感体验融合|

[课时通关精练(一)] (时间：35分钟　满分：47.5分) Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题，每小题2.5分，共20分) A (2025·长春高三质量检测) An alarming phenomenon has sprung up over the past few years：Many students are arriving at college unprepared to read entire books.Many students are overwhelmed at the thought of reading multiple books in a semester.They shut down when they're faced with ideas they don't understand. Why is this happening？The attraction of smartphones and social media came up，and it appears that many middle and high schools are teaching fewer full books.But one possible cause that I nod to is a change in values，not ability.The problem does not appear to be that kids these days are incurious or uninterested in reading.Instead，young people might be responding to a cultural message：Books just aren't that important. I once spoke with 33 professors at some top universities，who didn't think their students were lazy.It is not unusual that their students' schedules are crowded with activities that are less about personal development and more relevant to future employment.“There are too many demands on their time to devote themselves fully to works of literature that might take 20 hours to consume，”said James Shapiro，an English professor at Columbia. In 1971, 37% students said that a core objective of their college years was to become well­off financially.73% said it was to develop a meaningful philosophy of life.By 2015，those numbers had almost reversed (颠倒).Experts and parents alike have emphasized preprofessional courses but downplayed the importance of humanistic study. However society changes，there is no denying that reading is of significance.If we've shifted what we hold in esteem (推崇)，it is reasonable that we could，as a society，shift back.The responsibility doesn't lie only in Generation Z．Everyone who's upset about the change has a role to play in reversing it. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。本文指出近几年来出现很多大学生没有准备好阅读整本书的现象，其原因可能包括智能手机和社交媒体的吸引、很多中学和高中教授的整本书的减少以及价值观的变化等。 1．According to the author，what is the cause of the phenomenon? A．Many distractions from digital devices. B．Inadequate preparations for college life. C．A misguided belief in reading full books. D．Disqualifications of secondary school teachers. C　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“But one possible cause that I nod to is a change in values，not ability...Books just aren't that important”可知，作者认为，一个可能的原因是价值观的变化，问题似乎并不在于如今的孩子们没有好奇心或者对阅读不感兴趣。相反，年轻人可能是在回应一种文化信息：书籍并不是那么重要。所以可推知，作者认为出现这种现象的原因是人们对阅读整本书这件事的观点是错误的。故C项正确。 2．What can be inferred from James Shapiro's words? A．Schools should offer time management courses. B.Students are occupied with their works of literature. C.Reading literary pieces is beyond students' available time. D．Professors believe employment is more related to personal growth. C　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“‘There are too many demands on their time to devote themselves fully to works of literature that might take 20 hours to consume，’said James Shapiro”可知，James Shapiro认为学生们的时间被太多事情占据，无法全身心投入到可能需要20个小时来阅读的文学作品中。所以可推测阅读文学作品超出了学生们可利用的时间。故C项正确。 3．What does the underlined word “downplayed” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Highlighted. B．Underestimated. C．Recognized. D．Misunderstood. B　词句猜测题。根据该词所在句“Experts and parents alike have emphasized preprofessional courses but downplayed the importance of humanistic study”可知，专家和家长都强调职前课程，but表示转折，所以downplay应该与emphasize意思相反，emphasize是“强调”，所以downplay意思是“贬低”。故B项正确。highlight “突出，强调”；recognize“认可”；misunderstand “误解”。 4．What is the author's purpose of writing the last paragraph? A．To restate an opinion. B．To stir up a debate. C．To issue an announcement. D．To put forward a proposal. D　写作意图题。根据最后一段可知，作者先强调了阅读的重要性，然后指出如果我们已经改变了我们所推崇的东西，那么作为一个社会，我们也有理由转变回来，并且改变现状的责任不只在于Z世代，每个对这种变化感到不安的人都可以在扭转现状这件事中发挥作用。这表明作者是在呼吁大家共同努力，重视阅读，所以作者写最后一段的目的是提出一个建议。故选D项。 B (2025·湖南省浏阳市名校联盟高三12月联考) My high school experience was an exercise in frustration for everyone involved.I was in a lot of high­level classes because my test scores were superb, especially in languages.I never got less than an A on any language test—English, Spanish or French.Even a score under 95 was very rare. However, most of my language teachers found this irritating rather than encouraging because I didn't pay attention in class.I drew during lectures, so my homework grades were unsatisfactory because I almost never handed anything in.As an adult, I think many of them believed I had to be cheating, especially the one who refused to give me a bonus point on a test that would have raised my average score to an A for the quarter because I was not an A student on account of my study habits in her eyes. My mum tended to force me to complete my piles of missing assignments during the last week of each quarter, so that I didn't completely destroy my otherwise good grades.I had exactly one Spanish teacher who I was able to convince that I really was learning in class, regardless of what my pencil was doing at the moment.And it was completely by accident. One day, she asked a general question in class.I was the only one to raise a hand to answer.I did so, and she replied in a somewhat stunned tone that I was correct.Why so surprised？I didn't think she figured out that the drawing was actually helping me pay attention, but she at least realised it wasn't damaging anything and stopped blaming me when she caught me drawing instead of taking notes. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者高中时成绩优异但上课学习习惯不好，常被老师误解。一位西班牙语老师偶然发现作者虽看上去在画画但仍在学习，便不再责备他。 5．What was the author like while in high school? A．He was appreciated by most teachers. B．He was misunderstood for his learning style. C．He usually relied on cheating in exams. D．He did well in exams as well as homework. B　细节理解题。根据文章第二段“However, most of my language teachers ... almost never handed anything in.” 可知，他因为学习习惯不好而被误解。故选B项。 6．Why did the teacher refuse to give the author a bonus point? A．She looked down upon the author. B．The author didn't hand in his homework. C．She thought the author didn't deserve it. D．The author always drew in class. C　细节理解题。根据文章第二段“As an adult, I think ... in her eyes.”可知，这位老师认为作者的学习习惯不好，不值得给他加分。因此，她认为作者不配得到这个加分。故选C项。 7．How did the author's mother treat him? A．She convinced the teacher of his genuine learning. B．She reminded him to be concentrated in class. C．She was indifferent to his behaviour. D．She pushed him to finish the missing homework. D　细节理解题。根据文章第三段“My mum tended to force me ... my otherwise good grades.”可知，作者的妈妈会推动作者完成缺失的作业。故选D项。 8．Which words best describe the Spanish teacher? A．Tolerant and responsible. B．Strict and humorous. C．Capable and friendly. D．Committed and cheerful. A　推理判断题。根据文章第四段“but she at least realised ... instead of taking notes.”可知，西班牙老师是一个宽容而且对学生负责的老师。故选A项。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(共5小题，每小题2.5分，共12.5分) (2025·山东省菏泽市高三一模) Xena Biffert, a district science consultant, started to do a lot of backward planning when taking students outside to meet curricular (课程的) outcomes.This approach encourages students to lead the way with their focus and interests.Here are four tips for practising backward planning with your students.1( ) Know your curriculum. Many topics arise organically, and you can cover them through mini­lessons along the way.One way to deepen that knowledge is to print it out and make a habit of reviewing it daily.2( ) First, you develop a familiarity with it.Second, you can see where you can make that connection naturally where the students' interests meet. Begin the year with a learning plan and a mind map. Having guiding questions has helped Xena form and follow a plan for the year.3( ) For example, “How are we all interconnected？” and “What is our story？” She can assess outcomes using this plan throughout the school year. Get students outside regularly. 4( ) This culture creates an opportunity to form and answer questions about what happens outdoors and how it connects to other topics.As the emergent learning arises and there is daily reflection on it, knowledge and understanding emerge.Through this intentional work and reflection, teachers will be well equipped to answer questions in the process. 5( ) It is important for students to reflect on their observations.We often don't get time to reflect in our fast­paced classrooms.Often, reflection is combined with assessment.An easy starting point is journaling, because it is a thought process accessible to students in every grade. A．Outside learning builds a culture. B．Work out a plan for regular journaling. C．Make time for student reflection like journaling. D．Such guiding questions often arise in the backward planning. E．These may allow you greater flexibility to do outdoor learning. F．Her reasoning for looking at the curriculum every day is twofold. G．Xena creates a mind map using the big idea behind the questions. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了地区科学顾问克西娜·比弗特在带学生到户外实现课程目标时所采用的逆向规划方法，并给出了四个关于如何与学生一起实践逆向规划的建议。 1．E　根据上文可知，接下来要讲的内容与这些建议有关，而选项E “这些可能会让你在进行户外学习时有更大的灵活性”中的These指代的正是four tips，且与户外学习相关，引出下文具体建议，符合语境。故选E。 2．F　根据上文可知，上文建议要养成每天复习的习惯，而下文则讲述了每天复习的原因。选项F“她每天查看课程的理由有两个方面”符合语境，其中twofold与下文的First和Second相呼应。故选F。 3．G　根据上文可知，有指导性的问题帮助她制订了一年的计划。选项G“克西娜利用这些问题背后的大概念创建了一个思维导图”自然延续上文内容，指出这些问题背后的大概念帮助克西娜创建了一个思维导图，其中的the questions指的正是上文中的guiding questions。故选G。 4．A　根据下文可推测，空处提到了一种文化。选项A“户外学习建立了一种文化”中的Outside learning与小标题“Get students outside regularly.”相呼应，其中的culture和下文的this culture相衔接。故选A。 5．C　空处为小标题，为本段主要内容。根据下文可知，本段主要讲述的是让学生有时间反思，如写日记。选项C“为学生留出像写日记这样的反思时间”最能概括本段主旨。故选C。 Ⅲ.完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，共15分) (2025·江苏省盐城市射阳县射阳中学高三一模) As I stood in front of the grand university gates on my first day, my heart pounded with a mixture of excitement and nervousness.The 1 buildings and busy crowd of students made me feel both insignificant and part of something significant. My dormitory room was a small but 2 space shared with three other freshmen from different backgrounds.We quickly 3 over late­night study sessions, shared meals, and stories about our homes and dreams.It felt like finding a new 4 away from home. Classes were filled with new information and challenges.Professors spoke 5 about subjects I had only glanced at in high school.I found myself staying up late, digging into textbooks and articles, desperate to 6 .But among the hard work, there were 7 of clarity and joy when a complex concept finally 8 ， or when I connected with a classmate over a(n) 9 interest. Weekends were a time for exploration.I 10 through the city's streets, discovered hidden cafes, and 11 cultural events.Each new experience broadened my horizons and made me appreciate the 12 of life. Looking back, my first year at university was a roller coaster of 13 and growth.It was a time of self­discovery, friendship, and the pursuit of knowledge.And as I 14 my second year, I carry these memories with me, as a beacon (灯塔) of hope and 15 . 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章描述了作者初入大学的感受、宿舍生活、课堂学习、周末探索以及回望这一年的心路历程。 1． A．broken B．tiny C．tall D．distant C　根据空后的made me feel both insignificant可知，高耸的建筑让作者感到渺小。故选C。 2． A．comfortable B．crowded C．empty D．dirty A　根据空前的small以及but可推测，空处与上文的small形成转折，指出宿舍虽小但是很舒适。故选A。 3． A．lived B．fought C．studied D．bonded D　根据空后的“over late­night study sessions, shared meals, and stories about our homes and dreams”可知，作者和宿舍的三位舍友在不断的交往中建立了联系。故选D。 4． A．family B．shelter C．place D．team A　根据上文可知，作者和舍友们相处得很好，由此可知，作者感觉宿舍就像一个新家一样。故选A。 5． A．passionately B．casually C．quietly D．unwillingly A　根据上文“Classes were filled with new information and challenges.”以及下文“I found myself staying up late, digging into textbooks and articles”可推测，教授热情洋溢地讲解知识。故选A。 6． A．keep down B．keep back C．keep off D．keep up D　根据下文“... clarity and joy when a complex concept finally ...”可推测，作者熬夜是为了学习能跟上进度。故选D。 7． A．periods B．moments C．intervals D．flashes B　根据空后clarity and joy以及when引导的从句可推测，空处指的是一些清晰而快乐的时刻。故选B。 8． A．appeared B．failed C．clicked D．changed C　根据空前的a complex concept以及上文所说的“there were 7 of clarity and joy”可推测，当突然理解一个复杂的概念的时候，作者会感到快乐。故选C。 9． A．competed B．argued C．shared D．studied C　根据上文“when I connected with a classmate”可推测，作者会因为有共同的兴趣而和同学建立联系。故选C。 10． A．raced B．wandered C．drove D．rushed B　根据上文“Weekends were a time for exploration.”以及空后“through the city's streets”可推测，作者漫步在城市的街道上。故选B。 11． A．forgot B．ignored C．avoided D．attended D　根据上文“Weekends were a time for exploration.”以及空后的cultural events可推测，作者会参加一些文化活动。故选D。 12． A．similarity B．diversity C．simplicity D．difficulty B　根据上文“Each new experience broadened my horizons”可推测，作者对城市的探索让作者更加欣赏生活的各个方面，也就是生活的多样性。故选B。 13． A．ideas B．worries C．emotions D．fears C　根据下文“It was a time of self­discovery, friendship, and the pursuit of knowledge.”以及上文作者对这一年的回忆可知，作者认为自己的大学第一年充满了各种情感和成长。故选C。 14． A．reflect on B．embark on C．bring about D．take up B　根据空后的my second year可推测，作者回忆了自己的大学第一年，由此可知，是开始了第二年的学习。故选B。 15． A．foundation B．promotion C．determination D．inspiration D　根据空前的hope可推测，作者认为这些回忆就像充满希望和灵感的灯塔。故选D。 障碍词汇 A篇 schedule n．工作计划，日程安排　objective n．目标，目的　emphasize v．强调，重视，着重　humanistic adj.人文主义的 B篇 irritating adj.烦人的，使人恼火的　bonus n．奖金，红利；意外收获　superb adj.极佳的；卓越的 七选五 consultant n．顾问　backward adj.逆向的　emergent adj.涌现的；突发的　intentional adj.刻意的；有目的的 熟词生义 B篇 otherwise adv.否则，不然；除此以外(常用义)→(文章义)adj.原本的 完形 click vi.& vt.(鼠标)点击；发出咔嗒声(常用义)→(文章义)vi.(想法、概念)突然被理解，豁然开朗 词缀变形 A篇 attraction n．吸引力，有吸引力的特征(或品质、人)→attract v．吸引；引起……的注意　incurious adj.不感兴趣的，不好奇的，漫不经心的→curious adj.好奇的，求知欲强的→curiosity n．好奇心，求知欲　relevant adj.紧密相关的，切题的；有价值的→relevance n．相关性 B篇 frustration n．懊丧，懊恼；沮丧→frustrate vt.使懊丧；使懊恼；使沮丧→frustrated adj.懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的→frustrating adj.令人懊恼的；令人沮丧的　convince vt.使相信，使确信；说服，劝说→convinced adj.确信的→convincing adj.令人信服的　stunned adj.惊呆的→stun vt.使震惊；使昏迷→stunning adj.极好的；绝妙的 词缀变形 完形 diversity n．差异(性)；不同(点)；多样性→diverse adj.不同的；多种多样的　inspiration n．鼓舞；灵感→inspirational adj.启发灵感的；鼓舞人心的　broaden vi.变宽 vi.& vt.扩大；增长→broad adj.宽阔的；广阔的，广泛的　exploration n．探索；勘探；探究→explore vt.& vi.探索，探究；勘探→explorer n．探索者；勘探者 核心词块 A篇 spring up冒出，涌出；突然生长或出现　be overwhelmed at...对……感到不知所措　come up出现；被提及，被讨论　be crowded with挤满，充满 B篇 figure out弄清楚，弄明白　take notes 记笔记 七选五 backward planning逆向规划　emergent learning涌现式学习　be well equipped to具备充足能力做某事 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $