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作业05 非谓语动词专项精讲精练
一、非谓语动词核心定义
英语动词分为谓语动词和非谓语动词两大类。在句子中,一个简单句只能有一个谓语动词,其余动词需转换为非谓语形式。非谓语动词是指在句中不作谓语,而是充当主语、宾语、定语、状语、补语等成分的动词形式,无人称和数的变化。
非谓语动词分为三种基本形式:不定式(to do)、动名词(doing)、分词(现在分词doing/过去分词done)。
二、非谓语动词分类及核心用法
(一)动词不定式(to do)
不定式基本形式为“to+动词原形”,可省略to(省略不定式),具备名词、形容词、副词特性,可充当多种句子成分。
1. 核心功能:作主语、宾语、定语、状语、宾语补足语、表语
2. 时态语态:一般式(to do/to be done)、进行式(to be doing)、完成式(to have done/to have been done)
3. 关键特征:多表示将来、目的、具体某次动作
(二)动名词(doing)
形式与现在分词一致,兼具动词和名词特性,主要充当名词性成分。
1. 核心功能:作主语、宾语、表语、定语
2. 时态语态:一般式(doing/being done)、完成式(having done/having been done)
3. 关键特征:多表示习惯性、经常性、抽象性动作
(三)分词(现在分词/过去分词)
分词兼具动词、形容词、副词特性,主要作定语、状语、补语、表语。
1. 现在分词(doing):表主动、进行,可表正在发生或主动的动作
2. 过去分词(done):表被动、完成,可表示动作已完成或主语承受动作
3. 特殊用法:分词独立主格结构,逻辑主语与主句主语不一致时单独使用
三、核心解题口诀
判谓语、找逻辑、定语态、看时态;主动doing,被动done,目的将来用to do;
完成动作having done,被动进行being done。
四、非谓语动词高频错题类型
结合本次专项练习及高中考情,非谓语动词9 大核心错题类型,也是绝大多数学生的失分重灾区,精准对应你作业中的错题考点:
(一)谓语/非谓语混淆(最基础高频错)
错误原因:不会判断句子已有谓语,乱填动词原形。
题型特征:一个简单句出现两个动词,未区分主次。
典型错题:直接填谓语形式,忽略一句话只能有一个谓语。
(二)时态混淆:一般式/完成式乱用
错误原因:分不清动作先后顺序。
· 同时发生→一般 doing
· 先于主句动作发生 → 必须用 having done
(三)语态混淆:主动 doing / 被动 done 判错
核心易错点:不会找逻辑主语
1.逻辑主语主动发出动作 → doing/to do
2.逻辑主语承受动作 → done/to be done/being done
高频错题:修饰事物用 bored、修饰人用 boring;
done 表完成被动、being done 表正在被动。
(四)不定式 & 动名词固定搭配记混(重灾区)
必错配对:
1.to 是介词,后接 doing:look forward to /stick to /devote to
2.只能接 to do:require/encourage/prefer/pretend
3.只能接 doing:enjoy/finish/avoid
4.一词双义(最坑):
regret to do 遗憾要做 /regret doing 后悔做过
remember to do 记得去做 /remember doing 记得做过
(五)三种被动形式区分不清
1.done:已完成、被动(the bridge built last year)
2.being done:正在进行、被动(the problem being discussed now)
3.to be done:将来、被动(the meeting to be held tomorrow)
(六)宾补固定结构易错
1.keep sb. doing 让某人一直做(主动)
2.keep sth. done 让某物被……(被动)
3.find + 宾语 + 形容词 / 非谓语
(七)无 to 不定式还原陷阱
易错考点:主动省 to,被动还原 to
例:make sb. do → sb. be made to do,学生极易漏写 to。
(八)句型固定定式记错
1. It is no use doing 做…… 无用
2. have no choice but to do 别无选择只能……
五、万能避错步骤
判谓语:句中有谓语→必用非谓语
1.定主宾:找非谓语的逻辑主语
2.定语态:主动 doing / 被动 done
3.定时态:将来 to do、进行 doing、完成 having done
六、非谓语动词 最全必考固定搭配
(一)只能接 doing(动名词)作宾语的动词
口诀:建议完成练习,避免介意推迟,享受放弃冒险
1. suggest / advise 建议做某事 2. finish 完成做某事
3. practise 练习做某事 4. avoid 避免做某事
5. mind 介意做某事 6. delay / put off 推迟做某事
7. enjoy 享受做某事 8. give up 放弃做某事
9. risk 冒险做某事 10. imagine 想象做某事
11. consider 考虑做某事 12. miss 错过做某事
13. allow / permit 允许做某事(allow doing)
(二)只能接 to do(不定式)作宾语的动词
口诀:想要决定答应,计划假装希望,拒绝设法学习
1. want / would like 想要做 2. decide 决定做
3. promise 答应做 4. plan 计划做
5. pretend 假装做 6. hope / wish / expect 希望/期待做
7. refuse 拒绝做 8. manage 设法做成
9. learn 学习做 10. afford 负担得起做
11. offer 主动提出做 12. agree 同意做
(三)超级易错:to 是介词 + doing
所有以下短语中 to 是介词,后面必须加 doing
1.look forward to doing 期待做…… 2. stick to doing 坚持做……
3. devote oneself to doing 致力于…… 4. be used to doing 习惯于做……
5. pay attention to doing 注意做…… 6. object to doing 反对做……
7. get down to doing 开始认真做…… 8. lead to doing 导致……
(四)必考一词双义
同一动词接 to do / doing 意思完全不同
1. remember to do 记得要去做(未做) remember doing 记得做过(已做)
2. forget to do 忘记要去做 forget doing 忘记做过
3. regret to do 遗憾正要做 regret doing 后悔做过某事
4.stop to do 停下来去做另一件事 stop doing 停止正在做的事
5. try to do 努力、尽力做 try doing 尝试、试着做
6. mean to do 打算、想要做 mean doing 意味着……
(五)高中必考固定句型
1. prefer to do A rather than do B 宁愿做A不愿做B
2. have no choice but to do 别无选择只能做
3. It is no use / good doing 做……没用/没好处
4. spend time (in) doing 花费时间做某事
5. keep sb. doing 让某人一直做
6. keep sth. done 让某物被…
7. ask / tell / encourage / require sb. to do 要求/鼓励某人做
(六)被动还原to
主动省to,被动必须加to
make / let / have sb. do sth. 主动不加to
sb. be made / let / had to do 被动必须加to
一、单项选择(10题)
1.Many people prefer _________ online rather than go shopping in physical stores.
A.shop B.to shop C.shopping D.shopped
【答案】B
【解析】考查非谓语动词固定搭配。句意:很多人更喜欢网购,而不是去实体店购物。固定搭配prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 意为“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”,此处需用不定式作宾语。故选B。
2.The little girl sat by the window, _________ her favourite storybook quietly.
A.reading B.read C.to read D.having read
【答案】A【解析】考查现在分词作伴随状语。句意:小女孩坐在窗边,安静地读着她最喜欢的故事书。句子主干完整,空处为非谓语动词作伴随状语,主语the little girl与read之间是主动关系,且动作与主句动作同步进行,用现在分词一般式。故选A。
3._________ the heavy rain, we still went on with our outdoor sports meeting.
A.Despite of B.In spite C.Despite D.Though
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语及让步状语用法。句意:尽管下着大雨,我们仍然继续举办室外运动会。despite为介词,后接名词、代词或动名词;A、B搭配错误,though为连词,后接从句。故选C。
4.I regret _________ you that you haven’t passed the final exam.
A.telling B.to tell C.told D.tell
【答案】B
【解析】考查非谓语动词固定辨析。句意:我很遗憾地告诉你,你没有通过期末考试。regret to do sth. 意为“遗憾/抱歉要做某事(未做)”;regret doing sth. 意为“后悔做过某事(已做)”。本句为即将告知消息,用不定式。故选B。
5.Students are required _________ all the homework on time every day.
A.finishing B.to finish C.finished D.finish
【答案】B
【解析】考查不定式作主语补足语。句意:学生被要求每天按时完成所有作业。固定搭配require sb. to do sth.(要求某人做某事),被动形式为sb. be required to do sth.,需用不定式。故选B。
6.The problem _________ at the meeting now is very important to our school development.
A.discussing B.being discussed C.discussed D.to discuss
【答案】B
【解析】考查非谓语动词作定语。句意:此刻会议上正在讨论的这个问题对我们学校的发展至关重要。空处修饰主语the problem,problem与discuss为被动关系;结合now可知动作正在进行,用现在分词的被动式being done。故选B。
7.He stayed up late last night, _________ for the coming English competition.
A.prepared B.preparing C.to prepare D.prepare
【答案】B
【解析】考查现在分词作结果/伴随状语。句意:他昨晚熬夜到很晚,为即将到来的英语比赛做准备。主语he与prepare为主动关系,熬夜的同时伴随备考的动作,用现在分词作伴随状语。故选B。
8._________ enough sleep, you will feel energetic and focused every day.
A.Get B.Got C.To get D.Getting
【答案】D
【解析】考查动名词作主语。句意:拥有充足的睡眠,你每天都会精力充沛、专注力强。句子缺少主语,此处表示一般性、常态性行为,用动名词作主语;不定式作主语多表具体、将来动作。故选D。
9.I found the movie very _________ and I fell asleep halfway.
A.boring B.bored C.bore D.to bore
【答案】A
【解析】考查分词作宾语补足语。句意:我发现这部电影很无聊,看到一半我就睡着了。现在分词boring修饰事物,意为“令人无聊的”;过去分词bored修饰人,意为“感到无聊的”。此处修饰movie,用boring。故选A。
10._________ his homework, the boy went out to play basketball happily.
A.Finishing B.Finished C.Having finished D.To finish
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词完成式。句意:做完作业后,这个男孩开心地出去打篮球了。主语the boy与finish为主动关系,且“完成作业”的动作发生在“出去打球”之前,需用现在分词的完成式having done。故选C。
二、单句语法填空(10题)
根据句意及括号内单词提示,用非谓语动词的正确形式填空。
11.I look forward to _________ (receive) your reply as soon as possible.
【答案】receiving
【解析】考查动名词固定搭配。句意:我期待尽快收到你的回复。固定短语look forward to doing sth.(期待做某事),to为介词,后接动名词作宾语。故填receiving。
12.The teacher encouraged us _________ (take) part in more after-school activities.
【答案】to take
【解析】考查不定式作宾补。句意:老师鼓励我们多参加课外活动。固定搭配encourage sb. to do sth.(鼓励某人做某事),后接不定式作宾语补足语。故填to take。
13._________ (judge) from his smile, he has passed the interview successfully.
【答案】Judging
【解析】考查固定非谓语结构。句意:从他的笑容判断,他已经成功通过了面试。judging from/by 为固定独立结构,不受主语影响,始终用现在分词形式,作评注性状语。故填Judging。
14.The bridge _________ (build) last year connects the two villages tightly.
【答案】built
【解析】考查过去分词作定语。句意:去年修建的这座桥紧密连接着两个村庄。句子主干完整,空处为非谓语修饰bridge,bridge与build为被动关系,且动作去年已完成,用过去分词。故填built。
15.It is no use _________ (cry) over spilt milk.
【答案】crying
【解析】考查动名词固定句型。句意:覆水难收。固定句型It is no use doing sth.(做某事毫无用处),后接动名词。故填crying。
16.She pretended _________ (not see) me when I walked past her.
【答案】not to see
【解析】考查不定式否定形式。句意:我从她身边走过时,她假装没看见我。固定搭配pretend to do sth.(假装做某事),否定形式为pretend not to do sth.。故填not to see。
17.Keep your mouth _________ (shut) and your eyes open in class.
【答案】shut
【解析】考查过去分词作宾补。句意:上课管住嘴、睁开眼。固定结构keep+宾语+宾补,mouth与shut为被动关系,shut的过去分词为本身,表被动状态。故填shut。
18._________ (fail) many times, he never gave up his dream of becoming a painter.
【答案】Having failed
【解析】考查非谓语完成式。句意:尽管失败了很多次,他从未放弃成为一名画家的梦想。主语he与fail为主动关系,且“多次失败”发生在“不放弃”之前,用现在分词完成式。故填Having failed。
19.The meeting _________ (hold) tomorrow is about the new school rules.
【答案】to be held
【解析】考查不定式被动式作定语。句意:明天将要召开的会议是关于新校规的。meeting与hold为被动关系,结合tomorrow可知动作尚未发生,用不定式被动式表将来被动。故填to be held。
20.I enjoy _________ (read) English novels in my spare time.
【答案】reading
【解析】考查动名词作宾语。句意:我空闲时间喜欢读英语小说。固定搭配enjoy doing sth.(喜欢做某事),后接动名词。故填reading。
三、句型转换
1.Because he had finished his homework, he went out to play.(用非谓语动词改写)
→ _________ _________ _________ his homework, he went out to play.
【答案】Having finished
【解析】考查分词完成式替换原因状语从句。原句为because引导的原因状语从句,主句主语与从句主语一致,且“完成作业”动作先于主句动作发生、表主动,用现在分词完成式作状语。故填Having finished。
2.The girl who is singing on the stage is my deskmate.(用非谓语动词改写)
→ The girl _________ _________ on the stage is my deskmate.
【答案】singing
【解析】考查现在分词作定语。定语从句中who is singing表主动、正在进行的动作,可直接替换为现在分词singing作后置定语,简化句子。故填singing。
3.We need to discuss the problem that will be discussed at the next meeting.(用非谓语动词改写)
→ We need to discuss the problem _________ _________ _________ at the next meeting.
【答案】to be discussed
【解析】考查不定式被动式作定语。定语从句表将来、被动的动作,用不定式被动式to be done作后置定语,修饰problem。故填to be discussed。
4.If you work hard, you will make great progress.(用非谓语动词改写)
→ _________ _________, you will make great progress.
【答案】Working hard
【解析】考查现在分词作条件状语。主句主语you与work为主动关系,可用现在分词短语作条件状语,替换if引导的条件状语从句。故填Working hard。
四、完成句子(非谓语核心场景运用)
1._________________________ (早睡早起) is a good living habit.
【答案】Going to bed early and getting up early
【解析】考查动名词短语作主语。表示习惯性、经常性的行为,需用动名词短语作句子主语,并列结构前后形式一致。故填Going to bed early and getting up early。
2.I have no choice but _________________________ (接受这个结果).
【答案】to accept this result
【解析】考查不定式固定搭配。固定结构have no choice but to do sth.(别无选择只能做某事),必须使用不定式。故填to accept this result。
3.The news _________________________ (正在传播) is surprising to all of us.
【答案】being spread
【解析】考查现在分词被动式作定语。news与spread为被动关系,且动作正在进行,用being done结构作后置定语。故填being spread。
4.He spent two hours _________________________ (整理) his study yesterday.
【答案】tidying up
【解析】考查动名词固定搭配。固定句型spend time (in) doing sth.(花费时间做某事),后接动名词。故填tidying up。
五、英汉互译(非谓语重点句式翻译)
1.坚持每天阅读英语是提升语感的最好方式。(动名词作主语)
________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Keeping reading English every day is the best way to improve language sense.
【解析】考查动名词作主语和不定式作定语。“坚持阅读”用keep doing sth.,动名词短语作主语表常态行为;“提升语感”用不定式to improve language sense作后置定语修饰way。
2. 完成作业后,他开始预习明天的新课。(分词完成式作状语)
________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Having finished his homework, he began to preview the new lessons for tomorrow.
【解析】考查非谓语完成式。“完成作业”先于“预习新课”发生,主语he与finish为主动关系,用having done作时间状语;begin to do sth. 为固定搭配。
3. 被老师鼓励后,她对学习更加自信了。(过去分词作状语)
________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Encouraged by the teacher, she became more confident in her study.
【解析】考查过去分词作状语。主语she与encourage为被动关系,用过去分词作原因状语,简洁还原句子逻辑。
4. 我发现掌握非谓语动词对英语学习至关重要。(非谓语作宾语)
________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】I find mastering non-finite verbs is crucial for English learning.
【解析】考查动名词作宾语从句主语。find后接宾语从句,从句中动名词短语mastering non-finite verbs作主语,表抽象性行为。
短文语法填空
下面材料,在空格处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号中单词的正确形式
Passage 01
Reading is of great benefit to us. First of all, reading widely can broaden our horizons and keep us 1_______(inform) of the latest news around the world. Secondly, reading classic books is a good way 2_______ (improve) our literary accomplishment. Many famous writers have unique ways of 3______(express) their feelings and ideas in their works.When 4 ________(read) carefully, we can feel the power of words. However, some students prefer 5_________(play) mobile games rather than read books in their spare time. They think reading is boring and time-wasting. In fact, every book 6_________(choose) carefully can teach us valuable lessons.7________(form) a good reading habit, we should make a daily reading plan. Stick to 8_________(read) for at least 30 minutes every day. I firmly believe that 9________(persist) in reading will finally help us become better versions of 10________(we).
【答案】
1.informed 2.to improve 3.expressing 4.reading 5.to play 6.chosen 7.To form 8.reading 9.persisting 10.ourselves
【详细解析】
1.informed 考查过去分词作宾补。固定结构keep sb. informed of sth.(使某人了解某事),us与inform为被动关系,用过去分词。
2.to improve 考查不定式作定语。固定搭配a way to do sth.(做某事的方法),用不定式作后置定语。
3.expressing 考查动名词。介词of后需接动名词作宾语。
4.reading 考查现在分词作状语。主句主语we与read为主动关系,when reading为状语省略结构。
5.to play 考查不定式固定搭配。prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事。
6.chosen 考查过去分词作定语。book与choose为被动关系,过去分词作后置定语表被动、完成。
7.To form 考查不定式作目的状语。此处表示“为了养成良好的阅读习惯”,用不定式表目的。
8.reading 考查动名词。固定搭配stick to doing sth.(坚持做某事),to为介词,后接动名词。
9.persisting 考查动名词作主语。此处为动名词短语作宾语从句主语,表长期性、习惯性动作。
10.ourselves 考查反身代词。此处表示“更好的自己”,用反身
.Passage 02
With the 1 (develop) of industry, air pollution is getting more and more serious. In Beijing, many people suffer different kinds of illnesses because 2 air pollution.
Air pollution is caused by the 3 (follow) reasons : about half of the problem is caused by vehicles. There are more and more cars, buses on the roads, and they give off 4 (poison ) gases. 25% of air pollution is caused by factories. Another factor is the smokers. Smoking not only does harm to their health, 5 to others. Besides these, about 10% of air pollution is caused by other reasons.
We should take some 6 (measure) to fight against pollution. New fuel can be used to take 7 place of gas. We can plant 8 (many) trees than before. 9 everybody realizes the importance of environment and does something to stop pollution, the problem will 10 (solve).
【答案】
1.development 2.of 3.following 4.poisonous 5.but 6.measures 7.the 8.more 9.If 10.be solved
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了随着工业的发展,空气污染越来越严重,分析了空气污染的原因和阻止污染的建议。
1.考查名词。句意:随着工业的发展,空气污染越来越严重。空处作宾语,表示“发展”应用名词development,短语with the development of“随着……的发展”。故填development。
2.考查介词。句意:在北京,由于空气污染,许多人遭受各种各样的疾病。结合句意表示“由于”可知短语为because of。故填of。
3.考查形容词。句意:空气污染是由以下原因造成的:大约一半的问题是由车辆造成的。修饰后文名词reasons应用形容词following,作定语。故填following。
4.考查形容词。句意:在道路上有越来越多的汽车,公共汽车,它们释放有毒气体。修饰后文名词gases应用形容词poisonous,作定语。故填poisonous。
5.考查固定短语。句意:吸烟不仅有害他们的健康,而且也有害他人。结合句意表示“不仅……而且……”可知短语为not only…but (also)…。故填but。
6.考查名词的数。句意:我们应该采取一些措施来对抗污染。measure为可数名词,短语take measures to do sth.“采取措施做某事”。故填measures。
7.考查冠词。句意:新燃料可以用来代替废气。结合句意表示“代替”可知短语为take the place of。故填the。
8.考查比较级。句意:我们可以种更多的树比以前。根据后文than before可知应用many的比较级more。故填more。
9.考查状语从句。句意:如果每个人都意识到环境的重要性,并采取措施阻止污染,问题就会解决。引导条件状语从句,表示“如果”应用if,句首单词首字母要大写。故填If。
10.考查语态。句意:如果每个人都意识到环境的重要性,并采取措施阻止污染,问题就会解决。此处主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,结合上文the problem will可知为一般将来时的被动语态。故填be solved。
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作业05 非谓语动词专项精讲精练
一、非谓语动词核心定义
英语动词分为谓语动词和非谓语动词两大类。在句子中,一个简单句只能有一个谓语动词,其余动词需转换为非谓语形式。非谓语动词是指在句中不作谓语,而是充当主语、宾语、定语、状语、补语等成分的动词形式,无人称和数的变化。
非谓语动词分为三种基本形式:不定式(to do)、动名词(doing)、分词(现在分词doing/过去分词done)。
二、非谓语动词分类及核心用法
(一)动词不定式(to do)
不定式基本形式为“to+动词原形”,可省略to(省略不定式),具备名词、形容词、副词特性,可充当多种句子成分。
1. 核心功能:作主语、宾语、定语、状语、宾语补足语、表语
2. 时态语态:一般式(to do/to be done)、进行式(to be doing)、完成式(to have done/to have been done)
3. 关键特征:多表示将来、目的、具体某次动作
(二)动名词(doing)
形式与现在分词一致,兼具动词和名词特性,主要充当名词性成分。
1. 核心功能:作主语、宾语、表语、定语
2. 时态语态:一般式(doing/being done)、完成式(having done/having been done)
3. 关键特征:多表示习惯性、经常性、抽象性动作
(三)分词(现在分词/过去分词)
分词兼具动词、形容词、副词特性,主要作定语、状语、补语、表语。
1. 现在分词(doing):表主动、进行,可表正在发生或主动的动作
2. 过去分词(done):表被动、完成,可表示动作已完成或主语承受动作
3. 特殊用法:分词独立主格结构,逻辑主语与主句主语不一致时单独使用
三、核心解题口诀
判谓语、找逻辑、定语态、看时态;主动doing,被动done,目的将来用to do;
完成动作having done,被动进行being done。
四、非谓语动词高频错题类型
结合本次专项练习及高中考情,非谓语动词9 大核心错题类型,也是绝大多数学生的失分重灾区,精准对应你作业中的错题考点:
(一)谓语/非谓语混淆(最基础高频错)
错误原因:不会判断句子已有谓语,乱填动词原形。
题型特征:一个简单句出现两个动词,未区分主次。
典型错题:直接填谓语形式,忽略一句话只能有一个谓语。
(二)时态混淆:一般式/完成式乱用
错误原因:分不清动作先后顺序。
· 同时发生→一般 doing
· 先于主句动作发生 → 必须用 having done
(三)语态混淆:主动 doing / 被动 done 判错
核心易错点:不会找逻辑主语
1.逻辑主语主动发出动作 → doing/to do
2.逻辑主语承受动作 → done/to be done/being done
高频错题:修饰事物用 bored、修饰人用 boring;
done 表完成被动、being done 表正在被动。
(四)不定式 & 动名词固定搭配记混(重灾区)
必错配对:
1.to 是介词,后接 doing:look forward to /stick to /devote to
2.只能接 to do:require/encourage/prefer/pretend
3.只能接 doing:enjoy/finish/avoid
4.一词双义(最坑):
regret to do 遗憾要做 /regret doing 后悔做过
remember to do 记得去做 /remember doing 记得做过
(五)三种被动形式区分不清
1.done:已完成、被动(the bridge built last year)
2.being done:正在进行、被动(the problem being discussed now)
3.to be done:将来、被动(the meeting to be held tomorrow)
(六)宾补固定结构易错
1.keep sb. doing 让某人一直做(主动)
2.keep sth. done 让某物被……(被动)
3.find + 宾语 + 形容词 / 非谓语
(七)无 to 不定式还原陷阱
易错考点:主动省 to,被动还原 to
例:make sb. do → sb. be made to do,学生极易漏写 to。
(八)句型固定定式记错
1. It is no use doing 做…… 无用
2. have no choice but to do 别无选择只能……
五、万能避错步骤
判谓语:句中有谓语→必用非谓语
1.定主宾:找非谓语的逻辑主语
2.定语态:主动 doing / 被动 done
3.定时态:将来 to do、进行 doing、完成 having done
六、非谓语动词 最全必考固定搭配
(一)只能接 doing(动名词)作宾语的动词
口诀:建议完成练习,避免介意推迟,享受放弃冒险
1. suggest / advise 建议做某事 2. finish 完成做某事
3. practise 练习做某事 4. avoid 避免做某事
5. mind 介意做某事 6. delay / put off 推迟做某事
7. enjoy 享受做某事 8. give up 放弃做某事
9. risk 冒险做某事 10. imagine 想象做某事
11. consider 考虑做某事 12. miss 错过做某事
13. allow / permit 允许做某事(allow doing)
(二)只能接 to do(不定式)作宾语的动词
口诀:想要决定答应,计划假装希望,拒绝设法学习
1. want / would like 想要做 2. decide 决定做
3. promise 答应做 4. plan 计划做
5. pretend 假装做 6. hope / wish / expect 希望/期待做
7. refuse 拒绝做 8. manage 设法做成
9. learn 学习做 10. afford 负担得起做
11. offer 主动提出做 12. agree 同意做
(三)超级易错:to 是介词 + doing
所有以下短语中 to 是介词,后面必须加 doing
1.look forward to doing 期待做…… 2. stick to doing 坚持做……
3. devote oneself to doing 致力于…… 4. be used to doing 习惯于做……
5. pay attention to doing 注意做…… 6. object to doing 反对做……
7. get down to doing 开始认真做…… 8. lead to doing 导致……
(四)必考一词双义
同一动词接 to do / doing 意思完全不同
1. remember to do 记得要去做(未做) remember doing 记得做过(已做)
2. forget to do 忘记要去做 forget doing 忘记做过
3. regret to do 遗憾正要做 regret doing 后悔做过某事
4.stop to do 停下来去做另一件事 stop doing 停止正在做的事
5. try to do 努力、尽力做 try doing 尝试、试着做
6. mean to do 打算、想要做 mean doing 意味着……
(五)高中必考固定句型
1. prefer to do A rather than do B 宁愿做A不愿做B
2. have no choice but to do 别无选择只能做
3. It is no use / good doing 做……没用/没好处
4. spend time (in) doing 花费时间做某事
5. keep sb. doing 让某人一直做
6. keep sth. done 让某物被…
7. ask / tell / encourage / require sb. to do 要求/鼓励某人做
(六)被动还原to
主动省to,被动必须加to
make / let / have sb. do sth. 主动不加to
sb. be made / let / had to do 被动必须加to
一、单项选择(10题)
1.Many people prefer _________ online rather than go shopping in physical stores.
A.shop B.to shop C.shopping D.shopped
2.The little girl sat by the window, _________ her favourite storybook quietly.
A.reading B.read C.to read D.having read
3._________ the heavy rain, we still went on with our outdoor sports meeting.
A.Despite of B.In spite C.Despite D.Though
4.I regret _________ you that you haven’t passed the final exam.
A.telling B.to tell C.told D.tell
5.Students are required _________ all the homework on time every day.
A.finishing B.to finish C.finished D.finish
6.The problem _________ at the meeting now is very important to our school development.
A.discussing B.being discussed C.discussed D.to discuss
7.He stayed up late last night, _________ for the coming English competition.
A.prepared B.preparing C.to prepare D.prepare
8._________ enough sleep, you will feel energetic and focused every day.
A.Get B.Got C.To get D.Getting
9.I found the movie very _________ and I fell asleep halfway.
A.boring B.bored C.bore D.to bore
10._________ his homework, the boy went out to play basketball happily.
A.Finishing B.Finished C.Having finished D.To finish
二、单句语法填空(10题)
根据句意及括号内单词提示,用非谓语动词的正确形式填空。
11.I look forward to _________ (receive) your reply as soon as possible.
12.The teacher encouraged us _________ (take) part in more after-school activities.
13._________ (judge) from his smile, he has passed the interview successfully.
14.The bridge _________ (build) last year connects the two villages tightly.
15.It is no use _________ (cry) over spilt milk.
16.She pretended _________ (not see) me when I walked past her.
17.Keep your mouth _________ (shut) and your eyes open in class.
18._________ (fail) many times, he never gave up his dream of becoming a painter.
19.The meeting _________ (hold) tomorrow is about the new school rules.
20.I enjoy _________ (read) English novels in my spare time.
三、句型转换
1.Because he had finished his homework, he went out to play.(用非谓语动词改写)
→ _________ _________ _________ his homework, he went out to play.
2.The girl who is singing on the stage is my deskmate.(用非谓语动词改写)
→ The girl _________ _________ on the stage is my deskmate.
3.We need to discuss the problem that will be discussed at the next meeting.(用非谓语动词改写)
→ We need to discuss the problem _________ _________ _________ at the next meeting.
4.If you work hard, you will make great progress.(用非谓语动词改写)
→ _________ _________, you will make great progress.
四、完成句子(非谓语核心场景运用)
1._________________________ (早睡早起) is a good living habit.
2.I have no choice but _________________________ (接受这个结果).
3.The news _________________________ (正在传播) is surprising to all of us.
4.He spent two hours _________________________ (整理) his study yesterday.
五、英汉互译(非谓语重点句式翻译)
1.坚持每天阅读英语是提升语感的最好方式。(动名词作主语)
________________________________________________________________________________
2. 完成作业后,他开始预习明天的新课。(分词完成式作状语)
________________________________________________________________________________
3. 被老师鼓励后,她对学习更加自信了。(过去分词作状语)
________________________________________________________________________________
4. 我发现掌握非谓语动词对英语学习至关重要。(非谓语作宾语)
________________________________________________________________________________
短文语法填空
下面材料,在空格处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号中单词的正确形式
Passage 01
Reading is of great benefit to us. First of all, reading widely can broaden our horizons and keep us 1_______(inform) of the latest news around the world. Secondly, reading classic books is a good way 2_______ (improve) our literary accomplishment. Many famous writers have unique ways of 3______(express) their feelings and ideas in their works.When 4 ________(read) carefully, we can feel the power of words. However, some students prefer 5_________(play) mobile games rather than read books in their spare time. They think reading is boring and time-wasting. In fact, every book 6_________(choose) carefully can teach us valuable lessons.7________(form) a good reading habit, we should make a daily reading plan. Stick to 8_________(read) for at least 30 minutes every day. I firmly believe that 9________(persist) in reading will finally help us become better versions of 10________(we).
.Passage 02
With the 1 (develop) of industry, air pollution is getting more and more serious. In Beijing, many people suffer different kinds of illnesses because 2 air pollution.
Air pollution is caused by the 3 (follow) reasons : about half of the problem is caused by vehicles. There are more and more cars, buses on the roads, and they give off 4 (poison ) gases. 25% of air pollution is caused by factories. Another factor is the smokers. Smoking not only does harm to their health, 5 to others. Besides these, about 10% of air pollution is caused by other reasons.
We should take some 6 (measure) to fight against pollution. New fuel can be used to take 7 place of gas. We can plant 8 (many) trees than before. 9 everybody realizes the importance of environment and does something to stop pollution, the problem will 10 (solve).
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