单元测评21 选修1 UNIT 5 WORKING THE LAND （Word练习）-【金版新学案】2027年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（人教版）

**基本信息** 聚焦农业与可持续发展主题，整合细节理解、推理判断等高频题型，通过最新模拟题强化语篇分析与逻辑推理能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|15题（4篇）|含细节理解（如Dyeing and finishing排放占比）、推理判断（如McCartney对时尚未来的强调）、词义猜测（如strain）、标题归纳（如Feeding the Neighbors）|以“农业与可持续发展”为核心话题，串联不同语篇类型，通过定位原文、语境分析、主旨提炼等思路实现从信息获取到逻辑推断的能力递进| |阅读七选五|5题|涉及段落衔接（如首段专家指导建议）、主旨概括（如最佳花卉选择小标题）|围绕“家庭花园种植”主题，通过上下文逻辑关系（因果、例证）构建语篇连贯，强化信息匹配与结构分析能力|

单元测评21　UNIT 5　WORKING THE LAND (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) (限时：35分钟　满分：50分) Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共37.5分) A (2026·青岛市高三调研) 　　Producing and consuming clothing is a major source of global CO2 emissions (排放).The fashion industry is estimated to account for 8％ to 10％ of global greenhouse gas emissions—more than all international flights and sea shipping combined.From growing cotton to dyeing (染色) fabrics，every step in the clothing supply chain leaves a carbon footprint.Much of the impact comes from energy-intensive industrial processes.Here’s a breakdown of the emissions in 2018 across different stages of clothing production. 　　Making clothes more sustainable isn’t just about cutting emissions—it’s also about choosing the right materials.Fabrics need to be not only comfortable and affordable，but also long-lasting and low-impact.Each material has its own challenges and environmental cost.While no perfect solution exists yet，a range of alternatives are emerging. 　　“This shift toward sustainable fashion is global，and the extent of transformation needed is unlike anything we’ve seen before，” says Stella McCartney，a pioneer in ethical (道德上的) fashion design.It’s estimated that fashion consumption could grow by 60％ by 2030，putting even more pressure on resources.Still，experts believe that circular design and material innovation can drive real change，keeping pace with the sweeping trend of energy conservation and emission reduction.“The future of fashion is restorative and regenerative by design，” says McCartney. 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了服装产业是全球二氧化碳排放的主要来源，为了使其能够更加持续性发展，一些更合适、更环保的替代材料正在出现。专家相信，循环设计和材料的创新会是时尚产业的未来。 1.Which stage released the greatest amount of greenhouse gas in 2018？ A.Fibre production. B.Yarn preparation. C.Fabric production. D.Dyeing and finishing. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“Here’s a breakdown of the emissions in 2018 across different stages of clothing production.”及图可知，图中的“36％ Dyeing and finishing”是排放量最多的生产阶段。故选D。 2.What do these alternatives have in common？ A.They are animal-friendly. B.They come from plant sources. C.They aim to lessen environmental impact. D.They require less energy during production. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据“ALTERNATIVES”图表中各替代材料的“organic cotton uses far less water and energy，helping reduce pollution and protect the soil”，“recycled polyester lowers reliance on non-renewable fuels”，“Improved land use and animal care reduce methane emissions from sheep farming and cut wool’s environmental cost.”，“Made from mushrooms or pineapple leaves，plant leather offers cruelty-free alternatives to traditional leather.”和“certified rayon helps prevent deforestation and protects biodiversity”可知，这些替代材料都有环保作用，旨在减少对环境的影响。故选C。 3.What does McCartney stress regarding the future of fashion？ A.It is to last and adapt. B.It is to reduce resource usage. C.It is to meet different people’s needs. D.It is to encourage conscious consumption. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“It’s estimated that fashion consumption could grow by 60％ by 2030 ...and emission reduction.‘The future of fashion is restorative and regenerative by design，’ says McCartney.”可推知，麦卡特强调了时尚产业的未来是通过循环设计和材料创新推动变革，从而减少资源的使用，缓解压力。故选B。 B (2025·济南市高考针对性训练) 　　Esther Kimani，a 29-year-old pioneer in agritech，is changing the lives of smallholder farmers across Africa.As the founder of Farmer Lifeline Technologies (FLT)，she has applied artificial intelligence (AI) to fight against crop pests (害虫) and diseases，significantly reducing losses for rural farmers. Kimani’s journey began in a small Kenyan village on the Aberdare Mountains.Witnessing firsthand the severe impact of pests and diseases on their crops—and consequently，their income—she understood early how agricultural losses could mean unmet basic needs like school fees and health care.Despite these challenges，Kimani became the first girl from her village to attend university，studying computer science.It was there that she recognized the potential of technology to solve rural farmers’ struggles，and that’s how FLT was born. In Kenya alone，7.5 million smallholder farmers lose up to 50％ of their yield (产量) to pests and diseases annually—losses that could feed millions.Traditional solutions like hiring agricultural consultants or using drones (无人机) are prohibitively expensive.To solve this critical issue，she developed an AI-powered camera，which is set up on farms at no upfront cost.It scans crops continuously and warns farmers through Short Message Service (SMS) for $3 per month when pests or diseases are detected. A key focus for Kimani is supporting women farmers，who make up 43％ of the agricultural labor force in developing nations，but who often lack access to technology.“Men in rural communities tend to have smartphones，while women rely on basic feature phones，” she notes.“Through SMS，we ensure women aren’t left behind.” Kimani’s innovation has already impacted thousands of farmers，78％ of whom have reported a yield increase of over 36％.Her team aims to reach 200 thousand farms across the country within five years.For Kimani，success in 2030 means seeing 200 thousand smallholder farmers living with dignity—affording education，health care，and financial stability through improved yields.Kimani is not just building a company； she’s reshaping the future of African agriculture. 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了29岁的农业技术先驱Esther Kimani通过创立Farmer Lifeline Technologies (FLT)，利用人工智能技术帮助非洲小农户对抗作物病虫害，显著减少损失并改善农民生活的故事。 4.Why did Kimani found FLT？ A.To fund rural farmers. B.To transform farming. C.To expand AI industry. D.To research crop types. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“It was there that she recognized the potential of technology to solve rural farmers’ struggles，and that’s how FLT was born.”可知，Kimani创立FLT的初衷是通过技术解决农民的困境，即改造农业。故选B。 5.How does the AI-powered camera help farmers？ A.By sending them timely warnings. B.By connecting them to consultants. C.By controlling drones to scan crops. D.By driving pests away automatically. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“It scans crops continuously and warns farmers through Short Message Service (SMS) for $3 per month when pests or diseases are detected.”可知，AI摄像头通过向农民发送及时警告来帮助他们。故选A。 6.What is an advantage of Kimani’s innovation？ A.Equal access. B.Tailored service. C.Large storage. D.Easy maintenance. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段可知，Kimani的创新确保了女性农民也能被纳入技术帮助的范围内，即体现了平等获取技术帮助的优势。故选A。 7.What can be inferred from the last paragraph？ A.Financial policies affect agriculture. B.African agriculture will take the lead. C.Kimani will pursue further education. D.Kimani’s innovation powers a bright future. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段前三句可知，Kimani的创新已经取得了显著成效，并且她的团队有着明确的目标和愿景，即改善更多农民的生活。由此可推知，Kimani的创新将推动农业走向光明前景。故选D。 C (2025·江西省部分学校5月份联考) 　　The Produce Aggregation Program，run by Southside Community Land Trust (SCLT)，connects small-scale urban farmers with local communities in need of healthy food.The program collects and processes crops from multiple farmers，combining them into larger quantities for wholesale distribution.This helps overcome challenges small farms face，such as limited production capacity and lack of access to processing facilities and distribution networks. SCLT operates a farm-to-market processing center and manages logistics (后勤) for regular distribution.The program supports 27 farmers，many of whom are refugees，immigrants，or members of marginalized communities.While many of the farmers still rely on farmer markets，the program provides a more stable income source. Twice weekly during the growing season，SCLT orders produce from participating farmers，who deliver it to the food hub.There，it is sorted and packed into $20-value bags，each containing a variety of fresh produce.These are distributed at no cost through community partners such as clinics，recreation centers，and childcare programs.Some clinics distribute the produce through VeggieRx，a program where doctors prescribe (开处方) vegetables to patients. The program is currently funded by the Local Food Purchase Assistance Cooperative Agreement Program，which was launched to support underserved farmers and increase food access.However，funding uncertainty remains a challenge.Rising costs，supply chain issues，limited land availability，and climate change all add strain to food assistance programs. Despite these obstacles，SCLT continues its year-round work to improve food access.In addition to the Produce Aggregation Program，the non-profit supports 60 community gardens，offers training，and runs educational programs and internships.Altogether，its efforts provide healthy，culturally relevant food to about 1，200 families annually，with the support of local farmers，volunteers，and community partners. 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍农产品聚合计划帮助小农户和社区的情况。 8.What does the Produce Aggregation Program mainly do for small farms？ A.Improve their production ability. B.Gather crops for large sales. C.Offer free processing equipment. D.Sharpen their planting skills. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“The program collects and processes crops from multiple farmers，combining them into larger quantities for wholesale distribution.”可知，农产品聚合计划的核心功能是将多个小农场的农产品收集起来，合并成更大的数量以便进行批发销售。故选B。 9.How does the Produce Aggregation Program ensure stable income for farmers？ A.By hiring them to do farm work. B.By adding produce variety. C.By counting on farmer markets. D.By providing orders regularly. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“While many of the farmers still rely on farmer markets，the program provides a more stable income source.”以及第三段中“Twice weekly during the growing season，SCLT orders produce from participating farmers，who deliver it to the food hub.”可知，农产品聚合计划通过定期向农民订购农产品，为农民提供了一个稳定的收入来源。故选D。 10.What does the underlined word “strain” in Paragraph 4 mean？ A.Burden. B.Gain. C.Hope. D.Duty. 答案：A 解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段中“However，funding uncertainty remains a challenge.Rising costs，supply chain issues，limited land availability，and climate change all add strain to food assistance programs.”可知，该句描述了食品援助计划面临的多种挑战，这些挑战都给计划带来了额外的压力或负担，故strain意为“压力；负担”，与A项意思相近。故选A。 11.What would be a suitable title for the text？ A.Fighting Urban Poverty B.New Struggles for Small Farms C.Feeding the Neighbors D.New Trends in Urban Farming 答案：C 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段可知，文章主要介绍了Southside Community Land Trust(SCLT)运行的农产品聚合计划，该计划通过连接小规模城市农民和需要健康食品的当地社区，为社区提供新鲜农产品，并帮助农民解决销售问题。文章的核心是关于如何为社区提供健康食品，并促进社区与农民之间的合作。故选C。 D (2026·深圳市多校第一次质量检测) 　　A corn plant knows how to find water in soil with the very tips of its roots，but some varieties，including many used for developing high-output corn in the U.S.，appear to have lost part of that ability，according to a Stanford-led study.With climate change increasing droughts，the findings hold potential for developing more drought-resistant varieties of corn. The study，published in the journal Science，uncovers genetic mechanisms (遗传机制) behind “hydropatterning”，or how plant roots branch toward water and avoid dry spaces in soil.In particular，the researchers discovered that ethylene，a plant hormone (激素) known to help bananas ripen，also influences how roots grow to seek water. For this study，the researchers developed a new，simplified way to study water sensitivity in roots.They found corn varieties adapted to hot and wet regions like Mexico were very good at making new root branches toward water and avoiding dry areas.In contrast，the varieties adapted to moderate regions of North America frequently grew roots randomly without distinguishing between dry and wet areas in the soil. “Interestingly，the plants that are better at sensing where the water is are also making deeper root systems，” said lead author Johannes Scharwies.“One idea is that if the plant doesn’t waste time growing root branches into places where it doesn’t find any water and nutrients，then it has more energy to grow deeper down where water is more likely.” Genetic analyses reveal two plant hormones，auxin and ethylene，play a role in how corn roots respond to water.While auxin was already known to help control this process，ethylene’s involvement was a new discovery.In experiments with thale cress—a model plant often used in research—the researchers found auxin signaling promotes root branch development toward water，while ethylene stops branching when the root is exposed to air. Further research is needed to better understand the interaction of these genetic pathways before corn varieties can be developed with more drought-resistant root systems，but the findings highlight the significance of studying these localized responses at root tips，researchers said. 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是斯坦福大学领导的一项研究揭示了玉米根系如何感知土壤水分并生长分支的遗传机制。 12.What is the primary focus of the Stanford-led study？ A.Drought-resistant corn varieties. B.Ethylene’s effect on fruit ripening. C.Genetic regulation of root branching. D.Impact of climate change on plant roots. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“The study，published in the journal Science，uncovers genetic mechanisms(遗传机制) behind ‘hydropatterning’，or how plant roots branch toward water and avoid dry spaces in soil.”可知，斯坦福大学领导的这项研究的主要焦点是根分枝的遗传调控。故选C。 13.What can be inferred from Johannes Scharwies’ remarks？ A.Plant hormones make a big difference to root growth. B.Nutrients guarantee better water-seeking root systems. C.Root branching conserves energy for higher production. D.Stronger hydropatterning was linked to greater root depth. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段“‘Interestingly，the plants that are better at sensing where the water is are also making deeper root systems，’ said lead author Johannes Scharwies.”可知，从Johannes Scharwies的话中可以推断出更强的水模式与更大的根深有关。故选D。 14.What does Paragraph 5 mainly talk about？ A.Model plants in research. B.Hormones’ role in root growth. C.Genetic analysis methods. D.Findings of previous research. 答案：B 解析：段落大意题。通读第五段内容可知，第五段主要讲的是激素在根生长中的作用。故选B。 15.What does the last paragraph suggest future research do？ A.Prioritize development of new corn varieties. B.Work out the mechanisms of genetic interactions. C.Concentrate merely on localized root responses. D.Expand practical applications of hydropatterning. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。通读最后一段可知，最后一段建议未来的研究找出基因相互作用的机制。故选B。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) (2026·辽宁省名校联盟模拟卷) Tips for Your Flower Garden Walking into a plant nursery can be challenging，especially when you want an amazing flower garden at home.　1　 How do you arrange a flower garden？ Like most things，your best bet is to keep it simple.You’d better use changes of color in your home flower garden and use the most colors in high-traffic areas，like walkways，yards，and decks.Keep in mind that annuals require care and even the hardiest need to be watered and fertilized.　2　 Should you plant seeds or use potted plants for a flower garden？ You can visit your local garden store that sells well-grown annuals that are in either flats or 4-inch pots.　3　 Growing from seed can be fun in the back of the garden，but when you are really counting on color，buy plants. How do you prepare the soil before planting flowers？ 　4　 The most important tip is to dig up your soil with a tool to make sure it’s loose and soft.Try for 6 to 8 inches deep，and if you can’t dig with your hands，the soil is not ready.If you have to chip away at the soil to plant your flowers，you are in for an uphill battle in which you will not win. 　5　 For a colorful flower garden with a crazy appeal，experts suggest choosing easy-to-grow blooms whether you plant them directly in the ground or in containers，such as Petunia，Lantan，Sweet Potato Vine，Salvia and Purple Fountain Grass. A.What flowers are best for a flower garden？ B.How do you make a container flower garden？ C.So your flower bed should be near water outlets. D.Most of the time the plants that do well are in 4-inch pots. E.Before the planting season begins，look for guidance from experts. F.Soil preparation starts with knowing the soil type that’s native to your area. G.If you add organic matter occasionally，your garden should be in good condition. 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章以提供关于如何规划和种植家庭花园中的花卉的建议为主，涵盖了花园布局、种植方式选择、土壤准备以及适合种植的花卉种类等多个方面。 1.答案：E 解析：根据上文“Walking into a plant nursery can be challenging，especially when you want an amazing flower garden at home.”可知，上文提到轻松获得植物苗圃很有挑战性。由此推知，我们需要一些指导。选项E可以作为应对这种挑战的方法，起到承上启下的作用。故选E。 2.答案：C 解析：根据上文“Keep in mind that annuals require care and even the hardiest need to be watered and fertilized.”可知，上文提到一年生植物需要照料，需要浇水和施肥。选项C与上文内容逻辑相符，说明了为方便给一年生植物浇水，花床应设置的位置。故选C。 3.答案：D 解析：根据上文“You can visit your local garden store that sells well-grown annuals that are in either flats or 4-inch pots.”可知，上文提到当地花园商店出售用浅盆或4英寸花盆种植的长势良好的一年生植物。选项D进一步说明了关于花盆种植的情况，与上文话题一致。故选D。 4.答案：F 解析：根据下文“The most important tip is to dig up your soil with a tool to make sure it’s loose and soft.Try for 6 to 8 inches deep，and if you can’t dig with your hands，the soil is not ready.”可知，下文提到了土壤的准备。选项F符合本段主题，同时自然引出下文如何准备土壤的具体操作。故选F。 5.答案：A 解析：空处为本段小标题。根据本段内容可知，本段主要讨论的是适合花园种植的花卉种类。故选A。 学生用书⬇第210页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $