单元测评4 必修1 4 UNIT 3 SPORTS AND FITNESS （Word练习）-【金版新学案】2027年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（人教版）

**基本信息** 聚焦体育健康主题，通过多样化题型系统培养语言理解与表达能力，融合解题方法提炼与语篇逻辑分析，助力一轮复习专项突破。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|2篇8题|细节定位、推理分析、标题归纳|以体育人物故事与健康科普为载体，训练信息提取与语篇概括能力| |阅读七选五|5题|上下文衔接、段落主旨关联|围绕短跑益处，构建“总-分”语篇结构，强化逻辑思维| |完形填空|15题|语境词义辨析、固定搭配|通过俱乐部故事，考查词汇在社会情境中的灵活运用| |语法填空|10题|词形转换、句法结构分析|以匹克球运动为主题，整合时态、非谓语等语法知识，提升语言准确性|

单元测评4　UNIT 3　SPORTS AND FITNESS (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) (限时：45分钟　满分：62.5分) Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分) A (2025·长沙市高三最后一卷) 　　Back in February，sophomore Jackie Hsiao of the UR Fencing Club competed in the 2025 Fencing Junior Olympics in Charlotte，NC，which was the summit of her six years of preparation and her first national-level competition against superior fencers. Hsiao’s fencing journey began at a summer camp before her eighth grade year.Despite spending long hours sweating in fencing gear and competing against more experienced opponents，which left her tired and frustrated，her time at camp awakened her interest in the sport，which she later pursued. In high school，Hsiao found a welcoming community of fencers and coaches，some of whom also went to participate in February’s Junior Olympics.She developed and refined her skills with the foil，the smallest and lightest fencing weapon targeting the body. In her senior year，Hsiao suffered a devastating ACL tear (前交叉韧带撕裂)，which put her fencing career in danger.“I thought I would never get back into fencing，” she said.After surgery and nine months of punishing physical therapy two to three times a week，Hsiao began fencing again.Regarding the changes to her fencing after the injury，Hsiao noted，“I’ve always been a more defensive fencer so my fencing hasn’t changed too much after my injury.I do have to think more about getting my back leg under me while I fence.” Beyond the physical alterations to her style，Hsiao spoke on the mental adjustments for high-level competitions.She emphasized the importance of positive thinking and mental preparation，saying，“If you think you’re going to do badly，it does have an impact on how you fence.” Moreover，from recent meets，including the Junior Olympics，she learned to “trust instincts (直觉) and avoid overthinking during matches”. Hsiao also revealed the life lessons fencing has taught her，saying，“Not giving up is key and losing is one of the best ways to learn.” Her next goal in fencing is to continue competing at a national level and earn a rating from the United States Fencing Association through tournament victories. 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了击剑运动员Jackie Hsiao从受伤到重返赛场并取得成就的坚持与成长历程。 1.What inspired Hsiao to engage in the fencing career initially？ A.The influence of superior Olympic fencers. B.The supportive community in high school. C.Her desire to win national competitions. D.Her experience at a summer camp. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段可知，最初激励她从事击剑事业的是她在夏令营的经历。故选D。 2.What impact did the ACL tear have on Hsiao？ A.It caused her to adopt a more attacking style. B.It forced her to develop a habit of overthinking. C.It led her to focus more on physical adjustments. D.It completely ended her competitive fencing career. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中“Regarding the changes to her fencing after the injury ...I do have to think more about getting my back leg under me while I fence.”可知，前交叉韧带撕裂让她在击剑时更加关注身体上的调整。故选C。 3.Which of the following best describe Hsiao？ A.Reflective and flexible. B.Cautious and hesitant. C.Talented and humble. D.Innovative and responsible. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中“Regarding the changes to her fencing after the injury ...I do have to think more about getting my back leg under me while I fence.”以及第五段中“Moreover，from recent meets，including the Junior Olympics，she learned to ‘trust instincts (直觉) and avoid overthinking during matches’.”可知，Hsiao能够反思自己击剑风格的变化以及比赛中的心态调整，体现出反思性；同时，Hsiao受伤后能够根据身体情况调整击剑动作，在比赛中学会相信直觉避免过度思考，这些都显示出她具有灵活性。所以Hsiao是一个善于反思且灵活的人。故选A。 4.What can be a suitable title for the text？ A.The Mental Evolution： Hsiao’s Road to Positive Thinking　 B.The Rise of a National Champion： Jackie Hsiao’s Comeback C.Beyond the Limits： Balancing Training and Recovery in Fencing D.From Recovery to Recognition： A Fencer’s Journey of Perseverance 答案：D 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，Hsiao 自八年级前结缘击剑，高三因伤暂停，术后康复重返赛场，在调整中成长、明志，其经历彰显伤后坚持终获认可的精神。D选项能够很好地概括文章中Hsiao从受伤恢复到在击剑领域不断努力并获得认可的整个过程，适合作文章标题。故选D。 B (2026·山东省名校联盟模拟) 　　You’re in the middle of the afternoon，eyelids heavy，focus slipping.You close your eyes for half an hour and wake up feeling recharged.But later that night，you’re tossing and turning in bed，wondering why you can’t fall asleep.That midday nap (小睡) which felt so refreshing at the time might be the reason. Most people experience a natural decline in alertness in the early afternoon，typically between 1 pm and 4 pm.This isn’t just due to a heavy lunch—our internal body clock，or circadian rhythms (生理节奏)，creates cycles of wakefulness and tiredness throughout the day.The early afternoon lull is part of this rhythm，which is why so many people feel drowsy (昏昏欲睡的) at that time. Studies suggest that a short nap during this period—ideally followed by bright light exposure—can help counteract fatigue，boost alertness，and improve cognitive function without interfering with nighttime sleep.These “power naps” allow the brain to rest without slipping into deep sleep，making it easier to wake up feeling refreshed. But there’s a catch： napping too long may result in waking up feeling worse than before.This is due to “sleep inertia”—the dizziness and disorientation that comes from waking up during deeper sleep stages.Once a nap extends beyond 30 minutes，the brain transitions into slow-wave sleep，making it much harder to wake up.Studies show that waking from deep sleep can leave people feeling sluggish for up to an hour.And if a nap is taken too late in the day，it can eat away from the “sleep pressure build-up”—the body’s natural drive for sleep—making it harder to fall asleep at night. To nap effectively，timing and environment matter.Despite the benefits，napping isn’t for everyone.Age，lifestyle and underlying sleep patterns all influence whether naps help or hinder.A good nap is all about strategy—knowing when，how，and if one should nap at all.For some it’s a life hack，improving focus and energy.For others，it’s a slippery slope into sleep disruption.The key is to experiment and observe how naps affect your overall sleep quality. 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了午睡对人们的影响，包括午睡的好处、可能存在的问题以及如何有效午睡等内容。 5.What does the first paragraph indicate？ A.Sleep problems bother many people. B.Naps improve long-term health. C.Illnesses arise from lack of sleep. D.Not all naps are beneficial to man. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“But later that night，you’re tossing and turning in bed，wondering why you can’t fall asleep.That midday nap (小睡) which felt so refreshing at the time might be the reason.” 可知，并不是所有的午睡都对人有益。故选D。 6.Why do people feel drowsy during the day？ A.A light lunch causes sleepiness. B.The body has a rhythm to follow. C.Short naps can’t boost brain activities. D.Sleep with light on prevents deeper sleep. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“our internal body clock，or circadian rhythms (生理节奏)，creates cycles of wakefulness and tiredness throughout the day.The early afternoon lull is part of this rhythm，which is why so many people feel drowsy (昏昏欲睡的) at that time.” 可知，人们在白天感到困倦是因为身体有一个要遵循的节奏。故选B。 7.Which of the following may disturb nighttime sleep？ A.Taking a nap in late afternoon. B.Napping for less than 10 minutes. C.Following the internal body clock. D.Avoiding slow-wave sleep in the day. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“And if a nap is taken too late in the day，it can eat away from the ‘sleep pressure build-up’—the body’s natural drive for sleep—making it harder to fall asleep at night.” 可知，下午晚些时候午睡可能会干扰夜间睡眠。故选A。 8.What does the author advise us to do？ A.Set practical nap goals. B.Follow strict nap rules. C.Personalize nap strategies. D.Observe more before acting. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段可知，作者建议我们个性化午睡策略。故选C。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) (2026·河南安阳市9月调研) 　　Sprinting (短跑) involves short，all-out efforts—bursts of movement lasting anywhere from 15 seconds to a minute，followed by periods of rest or active recovery.This style of training has been shown to improve VO2 Max—the maximum amount of oxygen your body can use during exercise.　1　 Boosting your VO2 Max through sprinting can also make other works feel easier. 　2　 In a 2016 study，women who performed just four minutes of sprint intervals per week for 12 weeks achieved greater VO2 Max gains than men following the same plan.“We’ve seen that more women respond favorably to this type of training，” Hirsch，an expert in sports，says. Sprinting can also support overall heart health and reduce cardiovascular (心血管的) risk factors，such as blood pressure.　3　 While sprinting，you apply high rates of force to the ground，stimulating fast-twitch muscle fibers.“As we age，we tend to lose those fibers in both size and volume，which is a problem，” says Hirsch.　4　 It’s also one of the few cardio workouts that support bone density.You won’t get the same benefits from cycling.A 2023 study even found that short-distance runners had better bone mineral density than long-distance runners. The most surprising benefit？　5　 “We’ve seen VO2 Max and muscle health benefits with just two sessions a week，” says Hirsch.It’s one of the most cost-effective options. A.You don’t need to do much of it. B.But the benefits of sprinting go beyond that. C.It is considered one of the best markers of cardiovascular fitness. D.Sprinting helps preserve them，which can be beneficial later in life. E.It is proved that sprinting can actually contribute to burning off more calories. F.You should practice it two to three times a week to achieve the maximum effect. G.Some research suggests sprinting may be especially effective for women’s health. 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了短跑的多重益处。 1.答案：C 解析：上文“This style of training has been shown to improve VO2 Max—the maximum amount of oxygen your body can use during exercise.”指出了短跑训练可以提高最大摄氧量。C选项“It is considered one of the best markers of cardiovascular fitness.”说明了最大摄氧量是心血管健康状况的最佳指标之一，与上文提到的VO2 Max相关联，符合语境。故选C。 2.答案：G 解析：下文“In a 2016 study，women who performed just four minutes of sprint intervals per week for 12 weeks achieved greater VO2 Max gains than men following the same plan.”说明了短跑对女性健康的益处。G选项“Some research suggests sprinting may be especially effective for women’s health.”引出了下文的研究内容，说明短跑可能对女性健康特别有效，符合语境。故选G。 3.答案：B 解析：上文“Sprinting can also support overall heart health and reduce cardiovascular(心血管的) risk factors，such as blood pressure.”指出了短跑对心脏健康的益处。下文“While sprinting，you apply high rates of force to the ground，stimulating fast-twitch muscle fibers.”介绍了短跑除了有利于心脏健康之外的益处，B选项引出下文对短跑其他益处的讨论，选项中that指代上文中“support overall heart health and reduce cardiovascular(心血管的) risk factors，such as blood pressure”。故选B。 4.答案：D 解析：空格上文指出了短跑对快肌纤维的刺激作用以及年龄增长对快肌纤维的影响。D选项“Sprinting helps preserve them，which can be beneficial later in life.”承接上文，说明了短跑有助于保护快肌纤维，对以后的生活有益，符合语境。故选D。 5.答案：A 解析：下文“‘We’ve seen VO2 Max and muscle health benefits with just two sessions a week，’ says Hirsch.It’s one of the most cost-effective options.”指出了短跑训练次数少且效果显著。A选项“You don’t need to do much of it.”引出了下文对短跑训练次数少的讨论，符合语境。故选A。 Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) (2026·河北 “五个一”名校联盟第二次联考) 　　In the Welsh village of Ystradgynlais，former rugby players have found a new lease of life through Yogits RFC，a touch rugby club for men aged 35 and over.Founded three years ago by Huw Thomas，who had1　 a career-ending concussion (脑震荡)，and his friend Andrew Morgan-Jones，the team addresses the 2 　 left by retirement and unemployment，offering physical activity，friendship，and mental health support.With around 50 　3　 including 60-year-old Roger Tiley，the oldest player，it 4　 the gap between competitive rugby and sedentary (需要久坐的) lifestyles. For many，Yogits RFC is more than a5 　.It provides a platform to discuss mental health.Players like Andrew，a lawyer recovering from a surgery，emphasize the team’s role in fostering 6　 dialogues and reducing loneliness.“It’s about having a laugh and forgetting stress 7　 ，” he says. Beyond friendship，the club　8　 to the community by fundraising for mental health charities like Mind and supporting local food 9　 .The members also organize fitness challenges，such as cycling 4，000 miles，to 10　 social concerns.Chris Davies，46，highlights how Yogits RFC unites former rivals，creating a sense of common 11 　. Craig Jones，38，credits the team with helping him rebuild social 12 　 after injuries forced his retirement. Yogits RFC proves that sports can13　 the competition itself，serving as a vital tool for community 14 　 and mental well-being.By combining physical activity with social support，it offers the older men a(n) 15 　 sense of belonging. 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了威尔士Ystradgynlais村的一个触式橄榄球俱乐部Yogits RFC的故事。俱乐部不仅提供体育活动，还关注心理健康，促进社区团结。 1.A.cured B.suffered C.trusted D.monitored 答案：B 解析：根据下文“a career-ending concussion(脑震荡)”可知，Huw Thomas遭受了脑震荡，从而导致职业生涯完结，因此他从中遭受了痛苦。故选B。 2.A.freedom B.argument C.issues D.solutions 答案：C 解析：根据下文“left by retirement and unemployment”可知，这里表示退休和失业带来的问题。address the issue是固定搭配，意思是“解决问题”，符合语境。故选C。 3.A.athletes B.members C.families D.coworkers 答案：B 解析：根据下文“including 60-year-old Roger Tiley”可知，Roger Tiley是该俱乐部的一位成员，这里表示团队的成员。故选B。 4.A.opens B.leaves C.bridges D.records 答案：C 解析：根据下文“the gap”可知，这里表示弥合差距。bridge the gap是固定搭配，意思是“弥补差距”，符合语境。故选C。 5.A.club B.habit C.tradition D.job 答案：A 解析：根据上文“Yogits RFC，a touch rugby club”可知，Yogits RFC是一个俱乐部。故选A。 6.A.direct B.historic C.critical D.friendly 答案：D 解析：根据下文“reducing loneliness”可知，想要减少成员的孤独感，最好的方式就是通过友好的对话。故选D。 7.A.temporarily B.suddenly C.permanently D.frequently 答案：A 解析：根据上文“forgetting stress”可知，这里表示暂时忘却压力。故选A。 8.A.returns B.donates C.leads D.contributes 答案：D 解析：根据下文“fundraising for mental health charities”可知，俱乐部资助慈善机构，这里表示为社区做出贡献。故选D。 9.A.sales B.banks C.stores D.markets 答案：B 解析：根据上文“fundraising for mental health charities”可知，俱乐部在做慈善事业，这里应该也是指代一种和食物相关的慈善机构。food bank是食品银行，符合语境。故选B。 10.A.raise B.preserve C.describe D.ignore 答案：A 解析：根据下文“social concerns”可知，这里表示提高社会关注度。故选A。 11.A.feature B.purpose C.memory D.process 答案：B 解析：根据上文“unites former rivals”可知，俱乐部将曾经的对手团结在一起，所以就会产生一种共同的目的感和归属感。故选B。 12.A.status B.skills C.connections D.awareness 答案：C 解析：根据上文“rebuild social”及下文“after injuries forced his retirement”可知，他退休后就会和社会断开联系，这里表示重建社交联系。故选C。 13.A.go beyond B.focus on C.belong to D.take in 答案：A 解析：根据下文“serving as a vital tool for community 　　and mental well-being”可知，这里表示体育超越了比赛本身，它可以实现更多的功能。故选A。 14.A.diversity B.independence C.unity D.competition 答案：C 解析：根据上文“a sense of common 　　”可知，俱乐部创造了一种目标感，从而实现了社区团结。故选C。 15.A.weak B.distant C.astonished D.renewed 答案：D 解析：根据上文“the older men”和下文“sense of belonging”可知，老年人本来会和社会断开联系，但是俱乐部让他们重新获得了归属感。故选D。 Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) (2026·山东省济宁市高考模拟) 　　As a demonstration sport at the 2024 Paris Olympic Games，pickleball is rapidly gaining popularity across China，1.　　　　 (unique) integrating fitness，friendship and fashion. 2.　　　　 (emerge) as a beloved pastime for American seniors in the 1960s，pickleball has evolved into a dynamic sport.Playfully called the “fun cousin” of tennis，pickleball 3.　　　　 (play) by two or four players on a badminton court with oversized ping-pong paddles.Its rules are straightforward，requiring minimal physical efforts 4.　　　　 the form of running，making it accessible to players of all ages and skill levels.Its low barrier to entry—requiring only a paddle set and ball，both of which are widely accessible and budget-friendly— 5.　　　　 (ensure) that anyone can have a try. Pickleball is also a sport centered around fun and friendship.Its social aspect can foster lasting friendships and 6.　　　　 (tie) beyond the court.The inclusive and welcome nature of pickleball communities enhances overall well-being and a sense of 7.　　　　 (belong). Currently，not only is pickleball played in first-tier cities like Beijing and Shanghai，but it’s also expanding its presence into smaller cities across China. 8.　　　　 you’re a seasoned athlete or a beginner seeking a new，sporty activity，pickleball provides an 9.　　　　 (engage) experience for you.Ready to try？ Find a local court and give it 10.　　　　 go. 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了匹克球作为2024年巴黎奥运会的示范项目在中国迅速流行的情况，包括其起源、特点、社交属性及传播范围。 1.答案：uniquely 解析：此处修饰动词integrating，应用副词形式，故填uniquely。 2.答案：Emerging 解析：此处为非谓语动词作状语，emerge与逻辑主语pickleball为主动关系，应用动词-ing形式。故填Emerging。 3.答案：is played 解析：主语pickleball与play为被动关系，且描述客观规则，用一般现在时的被动语态，且主语为单数，故填is played。 4.答案：in 解析：此处为固定搭配in the form of，意为“以……形式”，故填in。 5.答案：ensures 解析：句子主语为Its low barrier to entry，为第三人称单数，且陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，故填ensures。 6.答案：ties 解析：tie为可数名词，意为“纽带”，与friendships并列作宾语，故用其复数形式。故填ties。 7.答案：belonging 解析：a sense of belonging意为“归属感”。故填belonging。 8.答案：Whether 解析：此处为固定搭配whether...or...，意为“无论……还是……”，故填Whether。 9.答案：engaging 解析：此处修饰名词experience，所以使用形容词形式，故填engaging。 10.答案：a 解析：此处为固定搭配give it a go，意为“尝试一下”，故填a。 学生用书⬇第46页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $