专题2 2 第二讲 非谓语动词（Word教师用书）-【金版新学案】2027年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（人教版）

该高中英语讲义聚焦非谓语动词这一高考核心语法考点，按作状语、定语、宾语补足语、主语宾语表语四大功能模块系统梳理，通过用法解析、真题例句、即学即练等环节，构建“考点—方法—应用”的逻辑链条，助力学生掌握非谓语动词的句法功能与解题策略。 资料以高考真题为依托，如2024全国甲卷例句融入讲解，设置基础即学即练与高考微练分层训练，培养学生语言能力和思维品质。通过独立主格结构等难点专项突破，结合“动词-ing表主动、过去分词表被动”等口诀，帮助学生快速辨析非谓语形式，为教师精准把控复习节奏、提升学生应考能力提供实用指导。

第二讲　非谓语动词 　　非谓语动词指的是在句子中不能作谓语的动词，它没有人称和数的变化，主要包括动词不定式、现在分词(动词-ing)和过去分词。非谓语动词具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，在句中可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾语补足语等。 考点一　非谓语动词作状语 1.动词不定式作状语，表示目的、结果、原因等 (1)作目的状语，有时用in order to或so as to。 ①The students are working hard day and night to prepare for the coming College Entrance Examination so as to achieve their dream of entering a top university. 学生们日夜刻苦学习，为即将到来的高考做准备，以便实现他们进入顶尖大学的梦想。 ②We will continue our campaign to prevent and control air pollution to make our sky blue again. 我们将继续我们的运动，以预防和控制空气污染，使我们的天空再次变得蔚蓝。 (2)作结果状语，常用于下列结构中：only to do (表示意想不到的结果)； enough to do ...(足够做……)； too ...to do ...(太……而不能做……)； so/such ...as to ...(如此……以至于……)等。 ①I overslept and rushed to the airport， only to find that the check-in counter had closed.(人教选四U3) 我睡过头了，赶到机场，却发现值机柜台已经关闭了。 ②You’re old enough to travel on the train by yourself. 你已经足够大了，可以独自乘坐火车出行了。 (3)作原因状语，此时常与表示情感的形容词连用，如glad，happy，frightened，surprised 等。 The old man was extremely surprised to learn that his long-lost dog had finally found her way back home after months of separation.这位老人得知丢失数月的狗狗终于回家时，感到极其惊讶。 2.现在分词作状语 现在分词作状语，常表原因、伴随、时间、结果等，与句子主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系。 ①Walking along the peaceful river bank，the couple were enjoying the beautiful sunset and chatting about their future plans. 这对情侣沿着宁静的河岸散步，欣赏着美丽的日落，同时谈论着他们未来的计划。 ②(2024·全国甲卷) Firstly，shared bicycles have emerged as a symbol of urban transport，offering an affordable and green alternative for short trips. 首先，共享单车已经成为城市交通的象征，为短途出行提供了一种经济实惠、绿色环保的选择。 3.过去分词作状语 过去分词作状语，与句子主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系。 ①Seen from the top of the mountain，the whole city looks like a magnificent and bustling ant-nest full of energy.从山顶上看，整个城市就像一个宏伟而热闹、充满活力的蚁巢。 ②Given another hour，I can also work out this problem. 如果再给我一个小时，我也能解决这个问题。 [名师指津]　某些动词-ed形式已经形容词化， 且往往用于一些系表结构中， 此时这些动词-ed形式既不表示被动， 也不表示完成， 而表示一种状态， 如lost(迷路的)， seated(坐着的)， hidden(隐藏的)， lost/absorbed in(沉溺于)， dressed in(穿着……的)， tired of(对……感到厌倦的)等。 Absorbed in his book，he didn’t notice me enter the room.专心于读书，他没有注意到我进入房间。 Dressed in red，she looks more beautiful. 穿着红色的衣服，她看上去更漂亮了。 学生用书⬇第337页 4.独立主格结构 当非谓语动词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同时，应采用独立主格结构，即在非谓语动词前带上其自身的主语，构成“名词/代词(主格)＋非谓语动词”的形式。 ①Weather permitting， we shall play the match tomorrow.如果天气允许，我们明天就进行比赛。 ②The work finished in time， they went home happily. 工作及时地完成了，他们高高兴兴地回家了。 [即学即练1]——单句语法填空 1.Adopting (adopt) cameras and micro-devices， this smart technology tracks each chicken’s movements. (2026·广州综合测试三) 2.Combined (combine) with stressful urban life and work， I gradually piled on the pounds. (2025·福州市第四次检测) 3.However， in 2004 and 2005， the two “fixed gold soup” algorithms were cracked by Wang Xiaoyun， causing(cause) a strong “earthquake” in the international cryptography community. (2026·新高考八省最后一卷) 4.“To make (make)our network safer， we must use our research capabilities to do a good job of national password protection，” said Wang in terms of future research dreams. (2025· 新高考八省最后一卷) 考点二　非谓语动词作定语 1.动词不定式作定语 (1)动词不定式作定语通常置于所修饰的名词或代词之后，与所修饰的词之间构成逻辑上的主谓或动宾关系。 I have a lot of difficult problems to solve in this complex math assignment. 我在这份复杂的数学作业中有很多难题要解决。 (2)当名词或代词被序数词、形容词的最高级、the last、the only等修饰，且动作与其逻辑主语为主动关系时，常用动词不定式作定语。 In 2003 Yuri Malenchenko became the first person to get married in space.(人教必三U4) 2003年，尤里·马连琴科成为第一个在太空结婚的人。 (3)当被修饰词是表示抽象意义的名词时，常用动词不定式的主动形式作后置定语，常见的此类名词有ability，chance，idea，plan，way，opportunity等。 ①As long as you grasp every opportunity and take full advantage of it，you will stand a chance to realize your dreams.只要你抓住每一次机会，并充分利用它，你就有机会实现梦想。 ②What impressed people most about Yuan Longping was his ongoing ability to fulfil his dreams.(人教选一U5) 袁隆平给人留下的最深刻的印象是他不断实现梦想的能力。 2.现在分词作定语 现在分词作定语，表主动、正在进行；若表示被动且正在发生的动作用being done结构。 ①The park was full of people enjoying themselves in the sunshine. 公园里人山人海，人们在阳光下玩得很快乐。 ②Families celebrating the Lunar New Year can enjoy exciting dragon dances and carnivals together.(人教必三U1) 庆祝农历新年的家庭可以一起欣赏精彩的舞龙表演和狂欢活动。 [名师指津]　被修饰的名词与动词之间为被动关系且表示正在进行时，用现在分词的被动形式作定语。 The bridge being built over the river will greatly improve the traffic conditions in this area. 正在河上建造的那座桥将极大地改善这个地区的交通状况。 3.动名词作定语 动名词作定语时，通常表示被修饰名词的用途，一般放在所修饰名词的前面。 ①We need to buy some sleeping bags for our camping trip. 我们需要为我们的露营之旅买一些睡袋。 学生用书⬇第338页 ②The reading room in our school library is always full of students. 我们学校图书馆的阅览室总是挤满了学生。 4.过去分词作定语 过去分词作定语，表示被动、完成。 ①Loch Ness surrounded by beautiful natural landscape was made to look amazing.(人教必二U4) 尼斯湖四周环绕着美丽的自然景观，令人叹为观止。 ②Rosemary shares her packed lunch with two friends every day.(人教必二U4) 罗斯玛丽每天与两个朋友分享她的盒饭。 [即学即练2]——单句语法填空 1.Making and eating tangyuan is a beloved tradition symbolizing (symbolize) family unity and happiness. (2025·吉林省猜题信息卷) 2.Through metallurgical analysis (冶金分析)， a multidisciplinary team (多学科团队) of experts discovered that much of the bronze used (use) in the lion came from southeastern China. (2026·四川省适应性考试一) 3.R1’s impact is greater for a few reasons.Firstly， it’s a “chain-of-thought” model， improving response quality and boosting its ability to answer (answer) valued queries. (2026·湖南省名校联考一) 考点三　非谓语动词作宾语补足语 1.部分感官动词或短语(如see，watch，observe，notice，look at，hear，listen to，feel)后的宾语补足语有三种常见的非谓语动词形式(do，doing，done)。do表示主动和完成(被动句中动词不定式符号to要还原)，doing表示主动或正在进行，done 表示被动或完成。 ①As I approached them，I noticed the pair dragging their feet and running forward awkwardly with their shoes wet.当我走近他们时，我注意到两人拖着脚，湿着鞋笨拙地向前跑。 ②I saw him enter the building just now.(强调看到他进入大楼这个完整的动作) 我刚才看见他进了那栋楼。 注意：He was seen to enter the building just now.(被动语态中还原to) ③She felt her wallet stolen when she got off the bus.她下公交车时感觉钱包被偷了。 2.使役动词后面的宾语补足语。动词let，make，have，get，leave，keep后可接不同形式的非谓语动词作宾语补足语，同1类似。 ①Parents should keep their children studying hard.父母应该让他们的孩子一直努力学习。 ②On the contrary，those who let teenagers experience the consequences of their actions can do better.相反，那些让青少年体会了他们行为后果的人能够做得更优秀。 ③They like the water in the pump so much that they have it delivered to their house every day. 他们很喜欢喝水泵抽上来的水，所以让人每天把水送到他们家。 3.常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有advise，allow，encourage，request，warn等。 ①The police requested the witness to describe the suspect in detail. 警方要求证人详细描述嫌疑人的样子。 ②They all have excellent skills，which will allow us to communicate and learn better and improve our skiing skills.他们都有出色的技术，这将使我们更好地交流和学习，提高我们的滑雪技能。 4.with/without复合结构：with/without＋名词＋doing(主动、进行)/done(被动、完成)/to do(未发生或要发生)。 ①With the wind blowing strongly，we had to stay at home.风刮得很大，我们不得不待在家里。 ②With all the work finished，we can go home now. 所有工作都完成了，我们现在可以回家了。 ③Without any books to read，he felt very bored. 没有书可读，他觉得很无聊。 ④Without anyone noticing，I stole into the room. 没有人注意，我偷偷溜进了房间。 学生用书⬇第339页 [即学即练3]——单句语法填空 1.The making of the picture， a package process from drafting， woodcut， painting， to hand painting touch-ups， keeps millions of its lovers lost(lose) in its striking beauty. (2026·青岛二模) 2.But on one recent cold winter night， during a walk through a well-traveled hutong there， I found myself suddenly transported (transport) back to my childhood years. (2025·福建省3月练习卷) 3.Surrounding the Forbidden City is a 10-meter-high wall， with a moat (护城河) 52 meters wide serving (serve) as an additional layer of defense. (2026·山东省临沂市一模) 考点四　非谓语动词作主语、宾语和表语 1.作主语：动名词和动词不定式 (1)动名词作主语表示一般的、抽象的或习惯性的动作；动词不定式作主语表示具体的、一次性的或含有将来意味的动作。 ①To finish this challenging project within a week requires a great deal of effort and teamwork. 在一周内完成这个具有挑战性的项目需要付出大量的努力和团队协作。 ②Dancing and skating are my hobbies，and I also like to read short stories.跳舞和溜冰是我的爱好，同时我也喜欢读短篇小说。 (2)it作形式主语，代替真正作主语的动词不定式或动名词。常见句型有：It is/was no use/good doing sth；It is/was not any use/good doing sth；It is/was of little use/good doing sth；It is/was useless doing sth；It’s a waste of time doing sth；It is easy/important/ vital/necessary/difficult to do sth等。 ①It is no good arguing with him about such a trivial matter because he never listens to others’ opinions.就这么一件小事和他争论是没有好处的，因为他从不听取别人的意见。 ②It is necessary to wear a proper safety helmet when you are riding a motorcycle to protect yourself from potential dangers. 当你骑摩托车时，戴上合适的安全头盔以保护自己免受潜在危险是有必要的。 2.作宾语：动名词和动词不定式 (1)只能跟动名词作宾语的动词(短语) ①喜欢考虑不避免(enjoy，consider，escape，avoid) ②不禁放弃太冒险(cannot help，give up，risk) ③感激承认很值得(appreciate，admit，worth) ④介意想象莫推延(mind，imagine，delay，put off) ⑤允许完成是期望(allow/permit，finish，look forward to) ⑥建议继续勤操练(suggest，go on，practise) ⑦致力原谅要坚持(be devoted to，excuse，insist on) ⑧继续成功不错过(keep on，succeed in，miss) a.I enjoy reading interesting novels in my leisure time as it can broaden my knowledge and imagination.我喜欢在闲暇时间阅读有趣的小说，因为这能拓宽我的知识面和想象力。 b.He admitted making a serious mistake in the business negotiation which led to a great loss for the company.他承认在商务谈判中犯了一个严重的错误，这给公司造成了巨大的损失。 c.The thief kept running to avoid being caught by the police. 小偷不停地跑以避免被警察抓住。 (2)只能跟动词不定式作宾语的动词(短语) ①三个希望两答应(hope，wish，expect，agree，promise) ②两个要求莫拒绝(demand，ask，refuse) ③设法学会做决定(manage，learn，decide/determine) ④不要假装在选择(pretend，choose/select) ⑤打算提出俩计划(intend，offer，plan，mean) ⑥申请失败负担起(apply，fail，afford) ⑦准备愿望又碰巧(prepare，desire，happen) ⑧此外threaten，can’t wait to do sth等也要用动词不定式作宾语 学生用书⬇第340页 a.She hopes to travel around the world in the future to experience different cultures and lifestyles. 她希望将来能环游世界，去体验不同的文化和生活方式。 b.Jason Harley decided to drop out of this kind of lifestyle， and he discovered that having only a little money made him free.(北师大选一U2) 詹森·哈利决定放弃这种生活方式，他发现只拥有少量金钱使他获得了自由。 [名师指津]　动词want，need，require作“需要”讲时，其后要用动名词或动词不定式的被动形式作宾语。与此用法相同的动词还有deserve(值得)。 The old house needs repairing/to be repaired urgently because it has many problems such as leaking roofs and cracked walls. 这座老房子急需修理，因为它存在许多问题，比如屋顶漏水和墙壁开裂。 (3)在动词(短语)learn，decide，know，wonder，show，tell，understand，explain，teach，advise，find out 等后常跟“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构作宾语。 ①I don’t know how to deal with this complicated situation which involves many different interests and factors.我不知道如何处理这种复杂的情况，它涉及到许多不同的利益和因素。 ②She taught me where to buy high-quality and affordable clothes in this big city full of various shopping places.她教我在这座满是各种购物场所的大城市里去哪里能买到高品质且价格实惠的衣服。 (4)有些动词后既可跟动名词又可跟动词不定式作宾语，但意义不同，如remember，forget，regret，stop，go on，mean，start，begin，try等。 ①I remembered to call my mother back as soon as I got home because she had left a message for me earlier.我记着一到家就要给我妈妈回电话，因为她早些时候给我留言了。 ②I remembered locking the door carefully before I left the house to ensure the safety of my belongings.我记得离开家之前仔细地锁好了门，以确保我财物的安全。 ③I mean to go，but my father would not allow me to.我想去，但是我的父亲不允许我去。 ④To raise wage means increasing purchasing power.提高工资意味着增加购买力。 3.作表语：动名词、现在分词、过去分词和动词不定式 此处一般是指转换为形容词的现在分词或过去分词。一般来说，现在分词形容词作表语意为“令人感到……的”，而过去分词形容词作表语意为“感到……的”。动词不定式作表语可以说明主语的具体内容。 ①The new scientific discovery presented in the lecture is really astonishing as it challenges many traditional theories.讲座中介绍的这项新的科学发现真的令人惊讶，这挑战了许多传统理论。 ②The employees are extremely satisfied with the new welfare policy which provides them with more benefits and security. 员工们对新的福利政策非常满意，因为它为他们提供了更多的福利和保障。 ③My long-term goal is to establish a non-profit organization to help those people in poverty and improve their living conditions. 我的长期目标是建立一个非营利组织，以帮助那些贫困的人并改善他们的生活条件。 [即学即练4]——单句语法填空 1.In addition to preserving (preserve) this treasured heritage， the city in Gansu Province is now seeking to become (become) more contemporary and meet 学生用书⬇第341页 different needs by setting up multifunctional cultural places and offering experiences with a modern touch. (2025·河南省模拟冲刺) 2.Since then， Sa has devoted herself to mastering the folk art from learning from Ma the techniques and skills used in performances， attending performances given by other well-known singers， practicing singing Hua’er whenever possible， to studying(study) its origin and history. (2025·湖北省部分高中四月统考) 3.You just told us that your shields are the strongest in the world and then you claim your spears are the sharpest.How about using (use)your spears on your shields？ (2026·湖南模拟) 4.Despite having a background in traditional painting， Han found that applying(apply) the theory of creating patterns on tea foam as described (describe) in ancient documents proved quite different in practice， yet he can now deliver a piece of tea-whisking art in one take. (2026·长沙市最后一卷) Ⅰ.语法与高考语法填空微练——单句语法填空 1.We hope to present (present)the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context， and initiate dialogues with minimalist art， conceptual art and expressionism. (2025·全国一卷) 2.Tanya’s shop offers fashion clothes for women to rent (rent)rather than purchase them outright，providing a less expensive solution to one-time event dressing. (2025·浙江1月卷) 3.I know that doesn’t always mean returning(return)a dress on the Monday after a special weekend. (2025·浙江1月卷) 4.At the same time，a language and its individual written (write)forms make up the“soul”of a nation’s cultural tradition. (2025·八省联考) 5.Chinese plays an increasingly important role in improving (improve)communication and cooperation between China and the rest of the world. (2025·八省联考) 6.These sepals open on warm days to give the inside plants sunshine and fresh air.In cold weather， the structure stays closed (close) to protect the plants. (2024·新高考Ⅰ卷) Ⅱ.语法与高考真题写作微练——根据所给汉语完成句子 1.我真的很喜欢在我们的英文报纸上增加一个新专栏的想法，这提供了一个很好的机会来分享我们的想法。 (2025·全国一卷应用文写作) I really like the idea of adding a new column to our English newspaper，which provides a great opportunity to share our ideas. 2.托比在后院跑来跑去，给孩子们足够的空间，耗尽了他的精力。 (2025·全国一卷读后续写) Toby was using up his energy by running back and forth in the backyard and giving the kids plenty of room. 3.我犹豫了一下，举起手去敲门，我的心因不确定而怦怦直跳。 (2025·全国一卷读后续写) Hesitating，I raised my hand to knock，my heart pounding with uncertainty. 4.我点了点头，背了一句秋雨洗旧石的台词。 (2025·全国二卷读后续写) I nodded，reciting a line about autumn rain washing old stones. 学生用书⬇第342页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $