精品解析：福建省南安市华侨中学2026-2027学年高二上学期第一次月考英语试题

2028届高二年上学期英语科第一次月考 （满分150分 考试时间：120分钟） 第一部分 听力 （共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 1.What is the woman asking the man to do? A. Speak more quietly. B. Get home early. C. Go to sleep immediately. 2. What is the man going to do first? A. Have a meeting with the woman. B. Pick up his son from school. C. Work on a report. 3. When will the woman meet with Professor White? A. At 2:00 p.m. B. At 3:00 p.m. C. At 3:30 p.m. 4. Where are the speakers? A. At school. B. In a hospital. C. On the field. 5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Strangers. B. A couple. C. Shopkeeper and customer. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。 6. What is broken in the sales department? A. A light. B. An air conditioner. C. A copy machine. 7. What is Max going to do first? A. Deal with other urgent repairs. B. Entertain important customers. C. Arrange a lunch appointment. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. How many people are expected to attend the party? A. About 250. B. About 300. C. About 350. 9. Why can’t the party be held in the Pine Room? A. It is a bit far. B. The decoration is bad. C. There’s not enough room. 10. What will Dr. Darren do next Friday night? A. Work on a speech. B. Take part in a party. C. Listen to a report. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Why does the man make the call? A. The quality of the pizzas is poor. B. He got the wrong number of pizzas. C. His delivery is seriously delayed. 12. How does the woman solve the problem? A. Return the money. B. Send the pizzas once more. C. Take back the delivered pizzas. 13. What is the woman’s attitude toward the man’s complaint? A. Annoyed. B. Careless. C. Apologetic. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16 题。 14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Brother and sister. C. Teacher and student. 15. Why did Sam miss some classes? A. He looked after his father. B. His doctor suggested it. C. He asked for sick leave. 16. When will the speakers meet in the evening? A. At 5:00. B. At 7:00. C. At 6:00. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至20题。 17. How much is the most popular ticket? A. £39. B. £43. C. £55. 18. Who started Madame Tussauds Museum? A. A French king. B. An art teacher. C. A footballer. 19. Where is the fourth American Madame Tussauds Museum? A. In London. B. In Amsterdam. C. In Washington. 20. What is the speaker about to do? A. Hand out some guidebooks. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 50 分) A Tired of giving gifts that end up collecting dust on the shelf? These thoroughly practical presents are guaranteed to please everyone on your shopping list. ●Sleep mask Give the gift of a good night’s rest — no blackout blinds needed. Crafted from luxurious materials, it not only blocks out light but also feels incredibly soft against the skin. Perfect for travel or home use, this sleep mask ensures sweet dreams wherever you are. Silk sleep mask,$35, Silk& Snow ●Five-ingredient cookbook If your loved one is a beginner chef (or can’t stand grocery shopping), they’ll enjoy this easy-to-follow cookbook from superstar chef Jamie Oliver, which includes simple and healthy recipes using only five ingredients each. This makes cooking stress-free and fun, encouraging them to experiment in the kitchen with confidence. 5 Ingredients Mediterranean: Simple Incredible Food by Jamie Oliver,$45, Indigo ●Reusable hand warmers If you’re not a fan of the great outdoors, hand warmers go a long way in making winter activities bearable. Problem is, most of them are a single-use design that isn’t eco-friendly. Enter Hot Poc+, the warmers that can be used 100 times. Simply click to turn on, enjoy toasty hands, then boil to reactivate. Hot Poc+ reusable hand warmers, pack of four, $38, Hot Poc ●Reusable bags Help your loved one make the switch from single-use plastics with these durable, stain-resistant bags. They can go anywhere: the car, the cupboard, the dishwasher — even the microwave. With their multifunctionality and ease of use, these bags are perfect for meal preparation, snacks, and storing leftovers. They’ll even make their way into a jam-packed freezer. Reusable silicone bags, pack of three, $34, Lee Valley 1. Who is the five-ingredient cookbook aimed at? A. Expert chefs. B. Professional bakers. C. Entry-level cooks. D. Advanced nutritionists. 2. What aspect of the reusable bags is highlighted? A. Single-use design. B. Limited availability. C. High expense. D. Various applications. 3. What do these gifts have in common? A. They are expensive luxury items. B. They promote practicality and usability. C. They require special tools to use. D. They are intended for special occasions. B Failure is probably the most exhausting experience a person ever has. There is nothing more tiring than not succeeding. We experience this tiredness in two ways: as start-up fatigue (疲惫) and performance fatigue. In the former case, we keep putting off a task because it has either too boring or too difficult. And the longer we delay it, the more tired we feel. Such start-up fatigue is very real, even if not actually physical, not something in our muscles and bones. The solution is obvious though perhaps not easy to apply: always handle the most difficult job first. Years ago, I was asked to write 102 essays on the great ideas of some famous authors. Applying my own rule, I determined to write them in alphabetical order, never letting myself leave out a tough idea. And I always started the day’s work with the difficult task of essay-writing. Experience proved that the rule works. Performance fatigue is more difficult to handle. Though willing to get started, we cannot seem to do the job right. Its difficulties appear so great that, however hard we work, we fail again and again. In such a situation, I work as hard as I can—then let the unconscious take over. When planning Encyclopedia Britannica( 《大英百科全书》), I had to create a table of contents based on the topics of its articles. Nothing like this had ever been done before, and day after day I kept coming up with solutions, but none of them worked. My fatigue became almost unbearable. One day, mentally exhausted, I wrote down all the reasons why this problem could not be solved. I tried to convince myself that the trouble was with the problem itself, not with me. Relived, I sat back in an easy chair and fell asleep. An hour later, I woke up suddenly with the solution clearly in mind. In the weeks that followed, the solution which had come up in my unconscious mind proved correct at every step. Though I worked as hard as before, I felt no fatigue. Success was now as exciting as failure had been depressing. Human beings, I believe, must try to succeed. Success, then, means never feeling tired. 4. People with start-up fatigue are most likely to . A. work hard B. delay tasks C. seek help D. accept failure 5. On what occasion does a person probably suffer from performance fatigue? A. Before starting a difficult task. B. After finding a way out. C. If the job is rather boring. D. When all the solutions fail. 6. According to the author, the unconscious mind may help us . A. find the right solution B. get some nice sleep C. gain complete relief D. ignore mental problems 7. What could be the best title for the passage? A. Success Is Built upon Failure B. How to Handle Performance Fatigue C. Getting over Fatigue: A Way to Success D. Fatigue: An Early Sign of Health Problems C “You’re so smart!” This encouraging response to children’s math performance is commonly heard. Recently, a new study, conducted by the University of Georgia, found that encouraging children with responses related to their personal characteristics (特点，特质) or inborn abilities might weaken their math motivation and achievement over time. Parents who make comments linking their children’s performance to personal characteristics like intelligence are using what’s referred to as “person responses”. In contrast, parents who link their children’s actions, such as efforts or strategy use, to their performance are using “process responses”. For the study, researchers asked more than 500 parents to report on how they responded to their children’s math performance and their math beliefs and goals. Children were assessed in two waves across a year to measure their math motivation and achievement. The results show that parents who view math ability as changeable are more likely to give “process responses” focused on their children’s strategy use and efforts rather than their intelligence or other personal characteristics. In contrast, parents who believe math ability is unchangeable and that math failure can’t be constructive (有建设性的) give more “person responses”. Parents with high expectations for their children give a combination of both responses. While responses highlighting strategy and efforts are not related to any achievement outcomes, children who receive more responses about their personal characteristics — in particular, related to failure — are more likely to avoid harder math problems, show higher levels of math anxiety, and score lower on math achievement tests. Because “person responses” predict poor math adjustment in children over time, researchers suggest parents limit this type of responses at home. Another recommendation for parents is to think about their own beliefs and goals for their kids and examine how these might lead them to respond in person or process ways. Simply telling parents to avoid talking about math ability may not be enough. Focusing less on how children perform and more on their strategy and enjoyment of math might be a more effective way to enhance motivation. 8. Which of the following is an example of process response? A. You are a lucky dog. B. Running is in your blood. C. What works well for your study? D. Why are you such a math genius? 9. What can be inferred from the study results? A. Parents prefer to give more process responses. B. Children are more likely to be affected by math anxiety. C. Process responses help with children’s math achievement. D. Person responses can discourage children from learning math. 10. What do researchers advise parents to do? A. Limit person responses. B. Defend their own beliefs. C. Stress children’s performance. D. Ignore children’s math problems. 11. Which can be a suitable title for the text? A. The Strategy Children Adopt to Learn Math Helps. B. The Way Parents Talk to Children on Math is important. C. Suggestions for Parents to Teach Their Children Math. D. Responses to Enhance Children’s Math Performance. D Plastic-Eating Worms Humans produce more than 300 million tons of plastic every year. Almost half of that winds up in landfills(垃圾填埋场), and up to 12 million tons pollute the oceans. So far there is no effective way to get rid of it, but a new study suggests an answer may lie in the stomachs of some hungry worms. Researchers in Spain and England recently found that the worms of the greater wax moth can break down polyethylene, which accounts for 40% of plastics. The team left 100 wax worms on a commercial polyethylene shopping bag for 12 hours, and the worms consumed and broke down about 92 milligrams, or almost 3% of it. To confirm that the worms’ chewing alone was not responsible for the polyethylene breakdown, the researchers made some worms into paste(糊状物) and applied it to plastic films. 14 hours later the films had lost 13% of their mass — apparently broken down by enzymes (酶) from the worms’ stomachs. Their findings were published in Current Biology in 2017. Federica Bertocchini, co-author of the study, says the worms’ ability to break down their everyday food — beeswax — also allows them to break down plastic. ＂Wax is a complex mixture, but the basic bond in polyethylene, the carbon-carbon bond, is there as well, ＂she explains, ＂The wax worm evolved a method or system to break this bond. ＂ Jennifer DeBruyn, a microbiologist at the University of Tennessee, who was not involved in the study, says it is not surprising that such worms can break down polyethylene. But compared with previous studies, she finds the speed of breaking down in this one exciting. The next step, DeBruyn says, will be to identify the cause of the breakdown. Is it an enzyme produced by the worm itself or by its gut microbes(肠道微生物)? Bertocchini agrees and hopes her team’s findings might one day help employ the enzyme to break down plastics in landfills. But she expects using the chemical in some kind of industrial process — not simply ＂millions of worms thrown on top of the plastic.＂ 12. What can we learn about the worms in the study? A. They take plastics as their everyday food. B. They are newly evolved creatures. C. They can consume plastics. D. They wind up in landfills. 13. According to Jennifer DeBruyn, the next step of the study is to . A. identify other means of the breakdown B. find out the source of the enzyme C. confirm the research findings D. increase the breakdown speed 14. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that the chemical might . A. help to raise worms B. help make plastic bags C. be used to clean the oceans D. be produced in factories in future 15. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To explain a study method on worms. B. To introduce the diet of a special worm. C. To present a way to break down plastics. D. To propose new means to keep eco-balance. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways to sustain (保持) long-distance friendships. ·Set a regular date Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact (联系) and share with one another. With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. ___16___. ·More isn’t always merrier Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both. ___17___. There are alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat. ·Practise empathy (共情) ___18___. The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on the friend who has moved. The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned. · ___19___ Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships. Although technology might make day-to-day communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on special days. Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends’ birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you. ·Don’t rely on technology alone ___20___, but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious effort to sustain. Try to seek out chances to renew friendships. How to do it? Just spend face-to-face time together whenever possible. A. Remember important dates B. Compensate by writing letters C. It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper D. Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it E. Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication F. It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media G. You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind 第三部分　语言运用(共两节,满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Forty years ago, Mrs. Austen was my first-grade teacher, an old lady with salt-and-pepper hair, firm but kind, patient and ____21____. She let us bake gingerbread men in the school cafeteria —a delightful ____22____ that amazed me. And whenever we read the “Jack and Janet” books, she wouldn’t let the other kids ____23____ my classmate Jack or me. But I came to truly ____24____ Mrs. Austen when a dress-up day was ___25___. On that day, we were encouraged to wear clothes in the ____26____ of the mid-1800s. My mother, a superb tailor, made a pioneer-style dress for me. I was so proud ____27____ it as I walked to school that day. When I got there, however, I was the only one in my class who had dressed up, feeling kind of ____28____. Mrs. Austen oohed and aahed over my ____29____ and then went to her office. It didn’t take long before she _____30_____ in a frontier-style dress! She explained that she had asked her husband to bring the costume. We moved away two years later, and I still _____31_____ that I never told Mrs. Austen how _____32_____ I was to her, a teacher who went out of her way, and even _____33_____ her husband’s help, to keep a little girl from feeling _____34_____. I had many wonderful teachers throughout the years, but Mrs. Austen has always held a(n)____35____ place in my heart. 21. A. grandmotherly B. cowardly C. neighborly D. scholarly 22. A. view B. treat C. journey D. story 23. A. call on B. relate to C. engage with D. laugh at 24. A. remember B. believe C. appreciate D. approach 25. A. appointed B. scheduled C. established D. canceled 26. A. style B. field C. course D. show 27. A. making B. holding C. owning D. wearing 28. A. embarrassed B. frightened C. disappointed D. surprised 29. A. cookies B. costume C. present D. material 30. A. announced B. displayed C. reappeared D. modeled 31. A. assume B. pretend C. imagine D. regret 32. A. dedicated B. grateful C. attached D. important 33. A. offered B. deserved C. sought D. declined 34. A. at ease B. in order C. under control D. out of place 35. A. special B. typical C. obvious D. ideal 第二节 语篇填空 (共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Inner Mongolia autonomous region, a vast territory in northern China, has recently gained global ____36____ (recognize) for its ecological restoration efforts, particularly in the Kubuqi Desert. Once known ____37____ the “Sea of Death”, the desert has become a model for integrating ecological restoration with new energy development. The Kubuqi model integrates solar power generation with agriculture and stock raising, as photovoltaic (光电的) panels ____38____ (use) to provide covers that help enhance plant survival and support the growth of drought-resistant crops. This approach tackles desertification, advances ____39____ (renew) energy development and helps increase local people’s income, ____40____ (achieve) multiple benefits at the same time. The area, ____41____ until 2017 remained largely barren, was covered by an array of solar panels at the end of last year. In December, the NASA Earth Observatory released satellite images showing ____42____ has been praised as Kubuqi’s “Solar Great Wall”. Stretching 400 kilometers, with ____43____ average width of 5 km, the project, once ____44____ (complete), will help restore vegetation (植被) on about 200,000 hectares of the desert and generate 180 billion kWh of electricity ____45____ (annual), serving as both a “blue energy wall” and a green ecological barrier. 第四部分　写作(共两节,满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是学生会主席李华，你校将举办一场校服设计大赛，你打算邀请外教Peter做评委。请根据以下提示写一封邀请信： 1. 时间、地点； 2. 校服设计大赛相关介绍。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节。以使行文连贯。 Dear Peter, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节：读后续写(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Leo was a quiet seventh-grade boy, falling far behind his classmates in rope skipping. So awkward was he that he often got zero jumps in tests. During every PE training, he would linger (徘徊) at the end of the line, head hanging low. When it was his turn to jump, the rope always tripped his feet. Other students skipping quickly and neatly, Leo could hardly make a single steady jump, always ending up with zero. Overwhelmed by shame, he even intended to skip PE classes to escape embarrassment. Observing Leo’s sadness, Mr. Hayes, the PE teacher, never blamed (责备) him or pushed him hard. One noon, as Leo was sitting alone on the playground, eyes red with frustration, the teacher walked over. Handing him a rope for beginners, Mr. Hayes comforted him gently. “No rush. Every tiny attempt counts.” He promised to keep him company and practise with him during lunch breaks. From then on, they trained every noon. Mr. Hayes demonstrated (示范) basic moves repeatedly while Leo learned patiently. Stumbling (绊脚) countless times and starting from zero again and again, he never gave up. His classmates cheered sincerely when he finally made a breakthrough and finished ten continuous jumps. As weeks passed by, Leo achieved steady progress, able to skip thirty times in a row. With the school skipping competition approaching, each class needed three competitors. To Leo’s surprise, Mr. Hayes and all the classmates selected him. 注意： (1) 续写词数应为150个左右； (2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Shocked, Leo headed for Mr. Hayes’s office. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The day of the skipping competition arrived finally. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2028届高二年上学期英语科第一次月考 （满分150分 考试时间：120分钟） 第一部分 听力 （共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 1.What is the woman asking the man to do? A. Speak more quietly. B. Get home early. C. Go to sleep immediately. 2. What is the man going to do first? A. Have a meeting with the woman. B. Pick up his son from school. C. Work on a report. 3. When will the woman meet with Professor White? A. At 2:00 p.m. B. At 3:00 p.m. C. At 3:30 p.m. 4. Where are the speakers? A. At school. B. In a hospital. C. On the field. 5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Strangers. B. A couple. C. Shopkeeper and customer. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。 6. What is broken in the sales department? A. A light. B. An air conditioner. C. A copy machine. 7. What is Max going to do first? A. Deal with other urgent repairs. B. Entertain important customers. C. Arrange a lunch appointment. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. How many people are expected to attend the party? A. About 250. B. About 300. C. About 350. 9. Why can’t the party be held in the Pine Room? A. It is a bit far. B. The decoration is bad. C. There’s not enough room. 10. What will Dr. Darren do next Friday night? A. Work on a speech. B. Take part in a party. C. Listen to a report. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Why does the man make the call? A. The quality of the pizzas is poor. B. He got the wrong number of pizzas. C. His delivery is seriously delayed. 12. How does the woman solve the problem? A. Return the money. B. Send the pizzas once more. C. Take back the delivered pizzas. 13. What is the woman’s attitude toward the man’s complaint? A. Annoyed. B. Careless. C. Apologetic. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16 题。 14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Brother and sister. C. Teacher and student. 15. Why did Sam miss some classes? A. He looked after his father. B. His doctor suggested it. C. He asked for sick leave. 16. When will the speakers meet in the evening? A. At 5:00. B. At 7:00. C. At 6:00. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至20题。 17. How much is the most popular ticket? A. £39. B. £43. C. £55. 18. Who started Madame Tussauds Museum? A. A French king. B. An art teacher. C. A footballer. 19. Where is the fourth American Madame Tussauds Museum? A. In London. B. In Amsterdam. C. In Washington. 20. What is the speaker about to do? A. Hand out some guidebooks. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 50 分) A Tired of giving gifts that end up collecting dust on the shelf? These thoroughly practical presents are guaranteed to please everyone on your shopping list. ●Sleep mask Give the gift of a good night’s rest — no blackout blinds needed. Crafted from luxurious materials, it not only blocks out light but also feels incredibly soft against the skin. Perfect for travel or home use, this sleep mask ensures sweet dreams wherever you are. Silk sleep mask,$35, Silk& Snow ●Five-ingredient cookbook If your loved one is a beginner chef (or can’t stand grocery shopping), they’ll enjoy this easy-to-follow cookbook from superstar chef Jamie Oliver, which includes simple and healthy recipes using only five ingredients each. This makes cooking stress-free and fun, encouraging them to experiment in the kitchen with confidence. 5 Ingredients Mediterranean: Simple Incredible Food by Jamie Oliver,$45, Indigo ●Reusable hand warmers If you’re not a fan of the great outdoors, hand warmers go a long way in making winter activities bearable. Problem is, most of them are a single-use design that isn’t eco-friendly. Enter Hot Poc+, the warmers that can be used 100 times. Simply click to turn on, enjoy toasty hands, then boil to reactivate. Hot Poc+ reusable hand warmers, pack of four, $38, Hot Poc ●Reusable bags Help your loved one make the switch from single-use plastics with these durable, stain-resistant bags. They can go anywhere: the car, the cupboard, the dishwasher — even the microwave. With their multifunctionality and ease of use, these bags are perfect for meal preparation, snacks, and storing leftovers. They’ll even make their way into a jam-packed freezer. Reusable silicone bags, pack of three, $34, Lee Valley 1. Who is the five-ingredient cookbook aimed at? A. Expert chefs. B. Professional bakers. C. Entry-level cooks. D. Advanced nutritionists. 2. What aspect of the reusable bags is highlighted? A. Single-use design. B. Limited availability. C. High expense. D. Various applications. 3. What do these gifts have in common? A. They are expensive luxury items. B. They promote practicality and usability. C. They require special tools to use. D. They are intended for special occasions. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四种实用受欢迎的礼物。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Five-ingredient cookbook部分中的“If your loved one is a beginner chef (or can’t stand grocery shopping), they’ll enjoy this easy-to-follow cookbook from superstar chef Jamie Oliver, which includes simple and healthy recipes using only five ingredients each.(如果你的爱人是一名初级厨师（或无法忍受杂货店购物），他们会喜欢这本超级明星厨师杰米·奥利弗的易于遵循的食谱，其中包括简单健康的食谱，每种食谱只使用五种食材)”可知，这本五种配料的食谱是针对新手厨师的。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Reusable bags部分中的“With their multifunctionality and ease of use, these bags are perfect for meal preparation, snacks, and storing leftovers. They’ll even make their way into a jam-packed freezer.(这些袋子功能多样，使用方便，非常适合准备餐食、零食和储存剩菜。它们甚至可以放进一个堆满东西的冰箱里)”可知，这些可重复使用的袋子的特点是多功能性，即用途广泛。故选D。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Tired of giving gifts that end up collecting dust on the shelf? These thoroughly practical presents are guaranteed to please everyone on your shopping list.(厌倦了送那些最终在架子上积灰的礼物了吗？这些非常实用的礼物一定会让你购物清单上的每个人都满意)”可知，这些礼物的共同点是它们都强调实用性和可用性。故选B。 B Failure is probably the most exhausting experience a person ever has. There is nothing more tiring than not succeeding. We experience this tiredness in two ways: as start-up fatigue (疲惫) and performance fatigue. In the former case, we keep putting off a task because it has either too boring or too difficult. And the longer we delay it, the more tired we feel. Such start-up fatigue is very real, even if not actually physical, not something in our muscles and bones. The solution is obvious though perhaps not easy to apply: always handle the most difficult job first. Years ago, I was asked to write 102 essays on the great ideas of some famous authors. Applying my own rule, I determined to write them in alphabetical order, never letting myself leave out a tough idea. And I always started the day’s work with the difficult task of essay-writing. Experience proved that the rule works. Performance fatigue is more difficult to handle. Though willing to get started, we cannot seem to do the job right. Its difficulties appear so great that, however hard we work, we fail again and again. In such a situation, I work as hard as I can—then let the unconscious take over. When planning Encyclopedia Britannica( 《大英百科全书》), I had to create a table of contents based on the topics of its articles. Nothing like this had ever been done before, and day after day I kept coming up with solutions, but none of them worked. My fatigue became almost unbearable. One day, mentally exhausted, I wrote down all the reasons why this problem could not be solved. I tried to convince myself that the trouble was with the problem itself, not with me. Relived, I sat back in an easy chair and fell asleep. An hour later, I woke up suddenly with the solution clearly in mind. In the weeks that followed, the solution which had come up in my unconscious mind proved correct at every step. Though I worked as hard as before, I felt no fatigue. Success was now as exciting as failure had been depressing. Human beings, I believe, must try to succeed. Success, then, means never feeling tired. 4. People with start-up fatigue are most likely to . A. work hard B. delay tasks C. seek help D. accept failure 5. On what occasion does a person probably suffer from performance fatigue? A. Before starting a difficult task. B. After finding a way out. C. If the job is rather boring. D. When all the solutions fail. 6. According to the author, the unconscious mind may help us . A. find the right solution B. get some nice sleep C. gain complete relief D. ignore mental problems 7. What could be the best title for the passage? A. Success Is Built upon Failure B. How to Handle Performance Fatigue C. Getting over Fatigue: A Way to Success D. Fatigue: An Early Sign of Health Problems 【答案】4. B 5. D 6. A 7. C 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者围绕失败、疲倦、成功之间的关系展开论述。重点提出start-up fatigue 和 performance fatigue两种类型的疲倦问题，并分别以自己的亲身经历提出解决办法。最后指出克服疲倦的关键是获得成功。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段We experience this tiredness in two ways: as start-up fatigue (疲惫) and performance fatigue. In the former case, we keep putting off a task because it has either too boring or too difficult.（我们以两种方式体验这种疲劳:开始性疲劳和能力型疲劳。在前一种情况下，我们不断推迟一项任务，因为它要么太无聊，要么太难。）由此可知，有开始性疲劳的人们最有可能推迟任务。故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段第二句Its difficulties appear so great that, however hard we work, we fail again and again. In such a situation, I work as hard as I can—then let the unconscious take over（它的困难看起来如此之大，以至于无论我们多么努力工作，我们都会一次又一次地失败。在这种情况下，我尽我所能地努力工作——然后让潜意识接管）由此可推断出，能力型疲劳是无论我们工作的多艰辛，但是我们还是一遍又一遍的失败，故，当所有的解决办法都失败的时候，一个人会感到能力型疲劳。A项意为：当一个人开始一项困难的任务之前。B项意为：在找到解决办法之后。C项意为：如果这个工作相当无聊。均不符合文意。故选D。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句An hour later, I woke up suddenly with the solution clearly in mind. In the weeks that followed, the solution which had come up in my unconscious mind proved correct at every step在“我”精疲力竭睡了一觉之后，我的脑海里清晰地出现了一个解决办法。故这种潜意识有助于找到解决办法。故选A。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。本文主要针对两种不同类型的疲劳，作者给出了解释和解决办法并通过自己的例子给出了证明。第一段和第二段是总领全文段落，引出两种不同的疲劳。第三段和第四段是对于“开始性疲劳”给出的定义，解决方法和自身的经历。第五段到第八段是对于“能力型疲劳”给出的定义，解决方案和自身经历。最后一段对文章中心的升华。由此可知，文章是关于克服疲劳，走向成功的文章。A项意为：成功建立于失败之上。B项意为：怎样处理能力型疲劳。C项意为：克服疲劳是走向成功的方法。D项意为：疲劳是健康问题的早期信号。均不符合文意，故选C。 【点睛】主旨大意题型范围一般包括：短文标题、主旨大意或段落大意等。此题要求考生在理解文章后归纳文章要点、概括中心思想。考生需要分析文章的篇章结构，抓住文章的开头和结尾从而找出概括文章的主题句。主题句特点：一、语言特点：归纳性、概括性、抽象性。二、位置特点：主题句常出现在总结性语言的信号词后面。如：In a word, as a result, In conclusion. C “You’re so smart!” This encouraging response to children’s math performance is commonly heard. Recently, a new study, conducted by the University of Georgia, found that encouraging children with responses related to their personal characteristics (特点，特质) or inborn abilities might weaken their math motivation and achievement over time. Parents who make comments linking their children’s performance to personal characteristics like intelligence are using what’s referred to as “person responses”. In contrast, parents who link their children’s actions, such as efforts or strategy use, to their performance are using “process responses”. For the study, researchers asked more than 500 parents to report on how they responded to their children’s math performance and their math beliefs and goals. Children were assessed in two waves across a year to measure their math motivation and achievement. The results show that parents who view math ability as changeable are more likely to give “process responses” focused on their children’s strategy use and efforts rather than their intelligence or other personal characteristics. In contrast, parents who believe math ability is unchangeable and that math failure can’t be constructive (有建设性的) give more “person responses”. Parents with high expectations for their children give a combination of both responses. While responses highlighting strategy and efforts are not related to any achievement outcomes, children who receive more responses about their personal characteristics — in particular, related to failure — are more likely to avoid harder math problems, show higher levels of math anxiety, and score lower on math achievement tests. Because “person responses” predict poor math adjustment in children over time, researchers suggest parents limit this type of responses at home. Another recommendation for parents is to think about their own beliefs and goals for their kids and examine how these might lead them to respond in person or process ways. Simply telling parents to avoid talking about math ability may not be enough. Focusing less on how children perform and more on their strategy and enjoyment of math might be a more effective way to enhance motivation. 8. Which of the following is an example of process response? A. You are a lucky dog. B. Running is in your blood. C. What works well for your study? D. Why are you such a math genius? 9. What can be inferred from the study results? A. Parents prefer to give more process responses. B. Children are more likely to be affected by math anxiety. C. Process responses help with children’s math achievement. D. Person responses can discourage children from learning math. 10. What do researchers advise parents to do? A. Limit person responses. B. Defend their own beliefs. C. Stress children’s performance. D. Ignore children’s math problems. 11. Which can be a suitable title for the text? A. The Strategy Children Adopt to Learn Math Helps. B. The Way Parents Talk to Children on Math is important. C. Suggestions for Parents to Teach Their Children Math. D. Responses to Enhance Children’s Math Performance. 【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了佐治亚大学开展的一项新研究发现，父母对孩子数学表现的回应方式会影响孩子的数学动机和成绩，“个人回应”可能削弱孩子学习数学的积极性，研究者建议父母限制此类回应。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“In contrast, parents who link their children’s actions, such as efforts or strategy use, to their performance are using “process responses”.(相比之下，将孩子的行为（如努力或策略使用）与他们的表现联系起来的父母使用的是“过程回应”。)”可知，“过程回应”关注的是孩子的努力或策略等行为，C选项“What works well for your study?(什么对你的学习有效？)”属于关注孩子学习策略方面的回应，是“过程回应”的例子。故选C。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Recently, a new study, conducted by the University of Georgia, found that encouraging children with responses related to their personal characteristics (特点，特质) or inborn abilities might weaken their math motivation and achievement over time.(最近，佐治亚大学开展的一项新研究发现，用与孩子个人特质或天赋相关的回应来鼓励孩子，可能会随着时间的推移削弱他们的数学动机和成绩。)”以及第四段中“While responses highlighting strategy and efforts are not related to any achievement outcomes, children who receive more responses about their personal characteristics — in particular, related to failure — are more likely to avoid harder math problems, show higher levels of math anxiety, and score lower on math achievement tests.(虽然强调策略和努力的回应与任何成绩结果无关，但收到更多关于个人特质（尤其是与失败相关）回应的孩子更有可能回避更难的数学问题，表现出更高水平的数学焦虑，在数学成绩测试中得分更低。)”可知，“个人回应”会削弱孩子学习数学的积极性，使孩子回避难题、产生焦虑且成绩降低，即“个人回应”会阻碍孩子学习数学。故选D。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Because “person responses” predict poor math adjustment in children over time, researchers suggest parents limit this type of responses at home.(由于“个人回应”预示着随着时间的推移孩子数学适应能力会变差，研究人员建议父母在家中限制这种类型的回应。)”可知，研究人员建议父母限制“个人回应”。故选A。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段““You’re so smart!” This encouraging response to children’s math performance is commonly heard. Recently, a new study, conducted by the University of Georgia, found that encouraging children with responses related to their personal characteristics (特点，特质) or inborn abilities might weaken their math motivation and achievement over time.(“你真聪明！”这种针对孩子数学表现的鼓励性回应十分常见。最近，佐治亚大学开展的一项新研究发现，用与孩子个人特质或天赋相关的回应来鼓励孩子，可能会随着时间的推移削弱他们在数学方面的学习动力和成绩。)”可知，文章开篇通过引用佐治亚大学的一项新研究引出话题，指出用与孩子个人特质或天赋相关的回应鼓励孩子可能削弱其数学动机和成绩，接着介绍了研究的具体内容，包括“个人回应”和“过程回应”的定义、研究结果以及研究人员的建议等，整体围绕父母与孩子谈论数学的方式展开，强调了这种谈话方式对孩子数学学习的重要性。B选项“The Way Parents Talk to Children on Math is important(父母与孩子谈论数学的方式很重要)”符合文章主旨，适合作为标题。故选B。 D Plastic-Eating Worms Humans produce more than 300 million tons of plastic every year. Almost half of that winds up in landfills(垃圾填埋场), and up to 12 million tons pollute the oceans. So far there is no effective way to get rid of it, but a new study suggests an answer may lie in the stomachs of some hungry worms. Researchers in Spain and England recently found that the worms of the greater wax moth can break down polyethylene, which accounts for 40% of plastics. The team left 100 wax worms on a commercial polyethylene shopping bag for 12 hours, and the worms consumed and broke down about 92 milligrams, or almost 3% of it. To confirm that the worms’ chewing alone was not responsible for the polyethylene breakdown, the researchers made some worms into paste(糊状物) and applied it to plastic films. 14 hours later the films had lost 13% of their mass — apparently broken down by enzymes (酶) from the worms’ stomachs. Their findings were published in Current Biology in 2017. Federica Bertocchini, co-author of the study, says the worms’ ability to break down their everyday food — beeswax — also allows them to break down plastic. ＂Wax is a complex mixture, but the basic bond in polyethylene, the carbon-carbon bond, is there as well, ＂she explains, ＂The wax worm evolved a method or system to break this bond. ＂ Jennifer DeBruyn, a microbiologist at the University of Tennessee, who was not involved in the study, says it is not surprising that such worms can break down polyethylene. But compared with previous studies, she finds the speed of breaking down in this one exciting. The next step, DeBruyn says, will be to identify the cause of the breakdown. Is it an enzyme produced by the worm itself or by its gut microbes(肠道微生物)? Bertocchini agrees and hopes her team’s findings might one day help employ the enzyme to break down plastics in landfills. But she expects using the chemical in some kind of industrial process — not simply ＂millions of worms thrown on top of the plastic.＂ 12. What can we learn about the worms in the study? A. They take plastics as their everyday food. B. They are newly evolved creatures. C. They can consume plastics. D. They wind up in landfills. 13. According to Jennifer DeBruyn, the next step of the study is to . A. identify other means of the breakdown B. find out the source of the enzyme C. confirm the research findings D. increase the breakdown speed 14. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that the chemical might . A. help to raise worms B. help make plastic bags C. be used to clean the oceans D. be produced in factories in future 15. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To explain a study method on worms. B. To introduce the diet of a special worm. C. To present a way to break down plastics. D. To propose new means to keep eco-balance. 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. D 15. C 【解析】 【分析】本文为说明文。文章介绍了一种吃塑料的虫子大蜡螟，它胃中的酶能够降解塑料，这为解决塑料污染提供了新的途径。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段Federica Bertocchini, co-author of the study, says the worms’ ability to break down their everyday food — beeswax — also allows them to break down plastic.可知，研究结果发现，蠕虫分解日常食物的能力让它们可以分解塑料，也就是说它们可以消费塑料。故选C。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段The next step, DeBruyn says, will be to identify the cause of the breakdown. Is it an enzyme produced by the worm itself or by its gut microbes(肠道微生物)?可知，下一步研究是辨清分解的原因，查明这种酶来源于哪里，是虫子自己产生的还是它肠道里的微生物产生的。故选B。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段But she expects using the chemical in some kind of industrial process — not simply ＂millions of worms thrown on top of the plastic.＂可以推断出，Bertocchini希望这种化学物质将来能在工业生产中使用，而不是仅仅依靠蠕虫来分解塑料。故选D。 【15题详解】 写作意图题。根据文章第一段最后一句So far there is no effective way to get rid of it, but a new study suggests an answer may lie in the stomachs of some hungry worms.可知，有一种新的方法被用于分解塑料。再根据最后一段最后一句But she expects using the chemical in some kind of industrial process — not simply ＂millions of worms thrown on top of the plastic.＂可知，Bertocchini希望将这种方法推广到工业中。由此可以推知写作意图为介绍一种分解塑料的方法。故选C。 点睛：根据不同文体，推断目的意图。不同的文章可能有不同的写作目的，通常作者的写作目的有以下三种：1) to entertain readers（娱乐读者，让人发笑），常见于故事类的文章。2) to persuade readers（说服读者接受某种观点），常见于广告类的文章。3) to inform readers（告知读者某些信息），多见于科普类﹑新闻报道类﹑文化类或社会类的文章。阅读时要善于根据文章的文体来学会推断作者的情感态度和目的。本题的最后一题为写作意图题。文章为说明文，主要介绍了一项新的研究发现---蠕虫可以分解塑料。因此可以推着写作意图是告知、告诉读者一种新的分解塑料的方法。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways to sustain (保持) long-distance friendships. ·Set a regular date Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact (联系) and share with one another. With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. ___16___. ·More isn’t always merrier Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both. ___17___. There are alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat. ·Practise empathy (共情) ___18___. The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on the friend who has moved. The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned. · ___19___ Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships. Although technology might make day-to-day communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on special days. Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends’ birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you. ·Don’t rely on technology alone ___20___, but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious effort to sustain. Try to seek out chances to renew friendships. How to do it? Just spend face-to-face time together whenever possible. A. Remember important dates B. Compensate by writing letters C. It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper D. Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it E. Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication F. It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media G. You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind 【答案】16. D 17. E 18. G 19. A 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了五种维系异地友谊的方法。 【16题详解】 根据上文“With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge.”（平日繁忙，很难抽出时间打电话）讲的是双方都很忙碌，很难有时间给对方打电话，D项“尽量找个双方都有空的时间去打电话，并坚持下去” 给出了解决没时间打电话这个问题的方法，符合题意。故选D项。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both.”（确保你已经和你的朋友沟通过，了解你们想要联系的频率，以及哪种方法对你们双方都最有效）提到异地朋友之间要商量沟通方式，E项“朋友需要谈论他们喜欢的交流方式”承接上文，进一步提出对交流的方法的沟通，下文“There are alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.”（除了持续的文字交流，还有其他选择，比如留下语音信息或进行群聊）对E项中的“methods of communication”进行了举例说明，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。 【18题详解】 根据下文“The friend who is remaining”（留下来的朋友）和“The one in the new environment”（在新环境中的那个）提到朋友的两个不同处境，G项“你可能是朋友中离开的那一方，也可能是被留下的那一方”指出了异地友谊中分为离开的一方和留下的一方，其中“the friend who left”和“the one who was left behind”分别对应下文“The one in the new environment”和“The friend who is remaining”，所以G项符合题意。故选G项。 【19题详解】 分析文章结构可知，设空处的内容是维系异地友谊的第四个方法，是第五段的小标题。下文“Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships.”（周年纪念日和生日对于异地友谊而言是非常重要的）讲的是诸如周年纪念日和生日等重要的日子对于维系异地友谊是非常重要的，由此推知，这段对应的维系异地友谊的方法是A项“Remember important dates”（记得重要的日子），所以A项符合题意。故选A项。 【20题详解】 设空处所在句子的后半句“but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious effort to sustain.”（但是异地友谊——甚至是关系亲密的友谊——可能需要更加自觉地去维系）讲的是我们要更加自觉地维系异地友谊，其中“but”说明后半句与设空处形成转折，而F项“朋友之间很容易通过社交媒体产生一种联结感”讲的是可以通过社交媒体这种方式很容易与朋友产生联结，与后半句“require more conscious effort to sustain”形成转折，而且其中的“social media”呼应了该段的小标题“Don’t rely on technology alone”（不要仅仅依赖技术）中的“technology”。故选F项。 【点睛】 第三部分　语言运用(共两节,满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Forty years ago, Mrs. Austen was my first-grade teacher, an old lady with salt-and-pepper hair, firm but kind, patient and ____21____. She let us bake gingerbread men in the school cafeteria —a delightful ____22____ that amazed me. And whenever we read the “Jack and Janet” books, she wouldn’t let the other kids ____23____ my classmate Jack or me. But I came to truly ____24____ Mrs. Austen when a dress-up day was ___25___. On that day, we were encouraged to wear clothes in the ____26____ of the mid-1800s. My mother, a superb tailor, made a pioneer-style dress for me. I was so proud ____27____ it as I walked to school that day. When I got there, however, I was the only one in my class who had dressed up, feeling kind of ____28____. Mrs. Austen oohed and aahed over my ____29____ and then went to her office. It didn’t take long before she _____30_____ in a frontier-style dress! She explained that she had asked her husband to bring the costume. We moved away two years later, and I still _____31_____ that I never told Mrs. Austen how _____32_____ I was to her, a teacher who went out of her way, and even _____33_____ her husband’s help, to keep a little girl from feeling _____34_____. I had many wonderful teachers throughout the years, but Mrs. Austen has always held a(n)____35____ place in my heart. 21. A. grandmotherly B. cowardly C. neighborly D. scholarly 22. A. view B. treat C. journey D. story 23. A. call on B. relate to C. engage with D. laugh at 24. A. remember B. believe C. appreciate D. approach 25. A. appointed B. scheduled C. established D. canceled 26. A. style B. field C. course D. show 27. A. making B. holding C. owning D. wearing 28. A. embarrassed B. frightened C. disappointed D. surprised 29. A. cookies B. costume C. present D. material 30. A. announced B. displayed C. reappeared D. modeled 31. A. assume B. pretend C. imagine D. regret 32. A. dedicated B. grateful C. attached D. important 33. A. offered B. deserved C. sought D. declined 34. A. at ease B. in order C. under control D. out of place 35. A. special B. typical C. obvious D. ideal 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者对曾经老师的回忆，描述了和老师之间的一段温馨而深刻的师生关系。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：四十年前，Austen夫人是我的一年级老师，一位头发花白、坚定而和蔼、耐心又慈祥的老太太。A. grandmotherly慈祥的；B. cowardly懦弱的；C. neighborly有好的；D. scholarly学术的。根据空前的“kind, patient”以及下文内容可知，Austen夫人是一位慈祥的老师。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她让我们在学校的食堂烤姜饼人——这是一种令人愉快的款待，让我大吃一惊。A. view观点；B. treat款待；C. journey 旅程；D. story故事。根据上文的“bake gingerbread men”可知，老师带学生在烤姜饼人，这是一种食物，是款待，故选B项。 【23题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：：每当我们读《杰克和珍妮特》的故事时，她不会让其他孩子嘲笑我的同学Jack或我。A. call on号召；B. relate to有关，涉及；C. engage with与……接洽；D. laugh at嘲笑。根据空前whenever we read the “Jack and Janet” books可推测，作者的名字应该是Janet，而根据常理可知，小孩可能会因为自己的同学和故事书中人物同名而嘲笑同学。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当学校安排了一次装扮日时，我才真正感激Austen夫人。A. remember记得；B. believe相信；C. appreciate感激；D. approach接近。根据下文“a teacher who went out of her way, and even ____13____ her husband’s help, to keep a little girl from feeling ____14____”可知，作者非常感激自己的老师曾经为她所做的一切，保护了一个女孩的自尊心。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，当学校安排了一次装扮日时，我真正感受到了Austen夫人的特别。A. appointed任命，委派；B. scheduled预定，安排；C. established建立；D. canceled取消。根据下文“On that day, we were encouraged to wear clothes in the ____6____ of the mid-1800s”可知，学校安排了一次装扮日，故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那一天，我们被鼓励穿19世纪中期风格的衣服。A. style风格；B. field领域，田地；C. course课程；D. show表演，展示的衣服。根据下文“My mother, a superb tailor, made a pioneer-style dress for me.”可知，学校鼓励学生在装扮日穿19世纪中期风格的衣服。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天我穿着它去上学，我感到很自豪。A. making制作；B. holding持有、保持；C. owning拥有；D. wearing穿戴。根据上文“My mother, a superb tailor, made a pioneer-style dress for me.”及下文“I was the only one in my class who had dressed up.”可知，作者是穿着妈妈所做的裙子去了学校。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我到达那里时，却发现我是班里唯一一个装扮过的学生，这让我感到有点尴尬。A. embarrassed尴尬的；B. frightened害怕的；C. disappointed失望的；D. surprised惊讶的。根据空前“I was the only one in my class who had dressed up”可知，作者是班里唯一一个穿着19世纪中期风格裙子的人，根据常理可知，作者此时感到有点尴尬。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：：Austen夫人对我的服装啧啧称奇，然后去了她的办公室。A. cookies饼干；B. costume服装，剧服；C. present礼物；D. material物质。根据上文“On that day, we were encouraged to wear clothes in the ____6____ of the mid-1800s”可知，作者穿着妈妈做的19世纪中期风格的裙子，由此可知，Austen是对作者的服装啧啧称奇。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：没过多久，她又出现了，穿着一件边疆风格的裙子！A. announced通知；B. displayed显示，表现。C. reappeared再出现；D. modeled模仿，做模型。根据上文“Mrs. Austen oohed and aahed over my ____9____ and then went to her office.”可知，Austen夫人去了办公室，由此可知，空处指的是她穿着一件边疆风格的裙子再次出现了。故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：两年后我们搬走了，我至今仍感到遗憾，我从未对Austen夫人说过我是多么感激她，这位老师不仅费尽心思，甚至还请她丈夫帮忙，让一个小女孩不会感到格格不入。A. assume假定，设想；B. pretend假装；C. imagine想象；D. regret遗憾，后悔。根据下文“I never told Mrs. Austen how ____12____ I was to her”可知，作者并未向老师表达自己的感激，由此可知，作者对此感到很遗憾，故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：两年后我们搬走了，我至今仍感到遗憾，我从未对Austen夫人说过我是多么感激她，这位老师不仅费尽心思，甚至还请她丈夫帮忙，让一个小女孩不会感到格格不入。A. dedicated专注的；B. grateful感激的；C. attached附加的，依恋的；D. important重要的。根据上文“When I got there, however, I was the only one in my class who had dressed up, feeling kind of ____8____”可知，Austen老师看到只有作者一人穿了19世纪风格的衣服，为了保护一个小女孩的自尊心，老师让丈夫为自己送来了那个时代的服装，并且穿上从而让作者不会感到尴尬。由此可推测，作者对老师充满了感激。故选B项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：两年后我们搬走了，我至今仍感到遗憾，我从未对Austen夫人说过我是多么感激她，这位老师不仅费尽心思，甚至还请她丈夫帮忙，让一个小女孩不会感到格格不入。A. offered提供；B. deserved值得；C. sought寻找；D. declined下降，拒绝。根据上文“She explained that she had asked her husband to bring the costume.”可知，Austen老师当时是向自己的丈夫寻求帮助。故选C项。 【34题详解】 考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：两年后我们搬走了，我至今仍感到遗憾，我从未对Austen夫人说过我是多么感激她，这位老师不仅费尽心思，甚至还请她丈夫帮忙，让一个小女孩不会感到格格不入。A. at ease轻松地；B. in order整齐，秩序井然；C. under control尽在掌握之中；D. out of place格格不入，不相称的。根据上文“When I got there, however, I was the only one in my class who had dressed up, feeling kind of ____8____”可知，当时只有作者一人穿着19世纪风格的衣服，由此可知，当时的作者感到自己与其他同学格格不入，而幸亏Austen老师，作者才没有这种感觉。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些年来，我遇到过许多优秀的老师，但Austen夫人在我心中一直占据着一个特殊的位置。A. special特别的；B. typical典型的；C. obvious明显地；D. ideal理想的。据全文内容可知，Austen老师给作者留下了深刻的印象，由此可知，Austen老师对作者而言有着特殊的意义。故选A项。 第二节 语篇填空 (共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Inner Mongolia autonomous region, a vast territory in northern China, has recently gained global ____36____ (recognize) for its ecological restoration efforts, particularly in the Kubuqi Desert. Once known ____37____ the “Sea of Death”, the desert has become a model for integrating ecological restoration with new energy development. The Kubuqi model integrates solar power generation with agriculture and stock raising, as photovoltaic (光电的) panels ____38____ (use) to provide covers that help enhance plant survival and support the growth of drought-resistant crops. This approach tackles desertification, advances ____39____ (renew) energy development and helps increase local people’s income, ____40____ (achieve) multiple benefits at the same time. The area, ____41____ until 2017 remained largely barren, was covered by an array of solar panels at the end of last year. In December, the NASA Earth Observatory released satellite images showing ____42____ has been praised as Kubuqi’s “Solar Great Wall”. Stretching 400 kilometers, with ____43____ average width of 5 km, the project, once ____44____ (complete), will help restore vegetation (植被) on about 200,000 hectares of the desert and generate 180 billion kWh of electricity ____45____ (annual), serving as both a “blue energy wall” and a green ecological barrier. 【答案】36. recognition 37. as 38. are used 39. renewable 40. achieving 41. which 42. what 43. an 44. completed 45. annually 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。内蒙古库布其沙漠通过光电板结合农牧业的模式治沙，获NASA认可，将成能源与生态屏障。 【36题详解】 考查名词。句意：中国北方广袤的内蒙古自治区最近因其生态修复工作，尤其是在库布其沙漠的工作，获得了全球认可。根据空前的global可知，此处应填名词recognition，表“认可”，为不可数名词，符合语境。故填recognition。 【37题详解】 考查介词。句意：这片曾被称为“死亡之海”的沙漠，已成为生态修复与新能源开发相结合的典范。这里考查be known as...，为固定搭配，意为“被称为……”，故填as。 【38题详解】 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：库布其模式将太阳能发电与农业和畜牧业相结合，因为光电板被用作覆盖物，帮助提高植物存活率并支持耐旱作物的生长。此空考查谓语动词，panels与use为被动关系，且描述客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态；主语panels为复数。故填are used。 【39题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这种方法既解决了沙漠化问题，推进了可再生能源发展，又帮助增加了当地居民的收入，同时实现了多重效益。修饰名词energy应用形容词renewable，表“可再生的”，符合语境。故填renewable。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这种方法既解决了沙漠化问题，推进了可再生能源发展，又帮助增加了当地居民的收入，同时实现了多重效益。此空考查非谓语，“解决沙漠化、推进能源发展、增加收入”与achieve为主动关系，再由语境可知，应用现在分词作结果状语，故填achieving。 【41题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这个直到2017年还大部分荒芜的地区，到去年年底已被一片太阳能电池板覆盖。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为The area，指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 【42题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：12月，美国国家航空航天局地球观测站发布了卫星图像，展示了被赞誉为库布其“太阳能长城”的景象。空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语，指物，用连接代词what引导。故填what。 【43题详解】 考查冠词。句意：该项目绵延400公里，平均宽度5公里，一旦完成，将帮助恢复约20万公顷沙漠的植被，每年发电1800 亿千瓦时，既是“蓝色能源墙”，也是绿色生态屏障。这里考查an average width of...，为固定搭配，意为“平均宽度为……”。故填an。 【44题详解】 考查状语从句的省略。句意：该项目绵延400公里，平均宽度5公里，一旦完成，将帮助恢复约20万公顷沙漠的植被，每年发电1800 亿千瓦时，既是“蓝色能源墙”，也是绿色生态屏障。此空考查状语从句的省略，从句补充完整后应为once the project is completed，这里因为从句主语和主句一致，所以把从句主语和be动词省略。故填completed。 【45题详解】 考查副词。句意：该项目绵延400公里，平均宽度5公里，一旦完成，将帮助恢复约20万公顷沙漠的植被，每年发电1800 亿千瓦时，既是“蓝色能源墙”，也是绿色生态屏障。修饰动词generate用副词annually，表“每年地”，符合语境。故填annually。 第四部分　写作(共两节,满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是学生会主席李华，你校将举办一场校服设计大赛，你打算邀请外教Peter做评委。请根据以下提示写一封邀请信： 1. 时间、地点； 2. 校服设计大赛相关介绍。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节。以使行文连贯。 Dear Peter, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Peter, I’m Li Hua, chairman of the Student Union. Our school is going to hold a school uniform design contest at the lecture hall next Friday evening. It’s a great honor for us to invite you to be one of the judges. As scheduled, the contest begins at 6 pm. next Friday, lasting for two hours. 15 contestants will participate in the contest. All the works are designed by students themselves, who have been preparing them for a long time. The outstanding designs from the contest will be selected as future school uniforms. We’d appreciaie it if you could accept our invitation. Looking forward to your early reply. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给外教Peter写一封信，邀请他作为学校即将举办的一场校服设计大赛的评委。 【详解】1.词汇积累 举办：hold→host 比赛：contest→competition 选择：select→choose 参加：participate in→take part in 2.句式拓展 简单句变复句 原句：As scheduled, the contest begins at 6 pm. next Friday, lasting for two hours. 拓展句：As scheduled, the contest which begins at 6 pm. next Friday will last for two hours. [高分句型1] All the works are designed by students themselves, who have been preparing them for a long time (运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] We’d apreciate it if you could accept our invitation (运用了it作形式宾语，if从句作真正的宾语) 第二节：读后续写(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Leo was a quiet seventh-grade boy, falling far behind his classmates in rope skipping. So awkward was he that he often got zero jumps in tests. During every PE training, he would linger (徘徊) at the end of the line, head hanging low. When it was his turn to jump, the rope always tripped his feet. Other students skipping quickly and neatly, Leo could hardly make a single steady jump, always ending up with zero. Overwhelmed by shame, he even intended to skip PE classes to escape embarrassment. Observing Leo’s sadness, Mr. Hayes, the PE teacher, never blamed (责备) him or pushed him hard. One noon, as Leo was sitting alone on the playground, eyes red with frustration, the teacher walked over. Handing him a rope for beginners, Mr. Hayes comforted him gently. “No rush. Every tiny attempt counts.” He promised to keep him company and practise with him during lunch breaks. From then on, they trained every noon. Mr. Hayes demonstrated (示范) basic moves repeatedly while Leo learned patiently. Stumbling (绊脚) countless times and starting from zero again and again, he never gave up. His classmates cheered sincerely when he finally made a breakthrough and finished ten continuous jumps. As weeks passed by, Leo achieved steady progress, able to skip thirty times in a row. With the school skipping competition approaching, each class needed three competitors. To Leo’s surprise, Mr. Hayes and all the classmates selected him. 注意： (1) 续写词数应为150个左右； (2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Shocked, Leo headed for Mr. Hayes’s office. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The day of the skipping competition arrived finally. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Shocked, Leo headed for Mr. Hayes’s office. He stood nervously in front of the teacher, doubting his ability to compete. Sensing his hesitation, Mr. Hayes smiled warmly and told Leo that progress mattered most. He said Leo’s persistent efforts and great improvement had impressed everyone deeply. Encouraged by the teacher’s sincere words, Leo finally plucked up his courage and decided to take the challenge. He made up his mind to train harder to live up to everyone’s trust. The day of the skipping competition arrived finally. Standing on the playground with his classmates, Leo took a deep breath and calmed himself down. As the whistle blew, he swung the rope skillfully and jumped steadily. His movements were neat and fluent. The cheers from his classmates rang out constantly. Though he did not win the first prize, he finished the competition perfectly. Holding his head high, Leo wore a bright smile. He truly learned that constant effort and self-belief can turn weakness into strength. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了七年级男孩Leo跳绳能力极差，测试常常零分，因自卑羞愧想要逃避体育课。体育老师海耶斯先生没有责备他，而是耐心陪伴、指导他利用午休坚持练习。历经无数次失败，Leo坚持不懈、稳步进步，最终获得老师和同学们的认可，并被选为班级跳绳比赛参赛选手的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“震惊之余，利奥走向海斯先生的办公室。”可知，第一段可描写Leo因不自信心生犹豫，老师耐心开导鼓励，让他重拾勇气、决心刻苦备赛。 ②由第二段首句内容“跳绳比赛的日子终于到来。”可知，第二段可描写Leo赛场稳定发挥、顺利完赛，收获成长与感悟，明白坚持与自信的意义。 2.续写线索：心存疑虑 —— 老师开导 —— 鼓起勇气 —— 刻苦备赛 —— 赛场参赛 —— 顺利完赛 —— 收获感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①鼓起勇气：pluck up his courage/gather his courage ②努力训练：train harder/make greater efforts to practise 情绪类 ①紧张：nervously/tensely ②冷静下来：calm himself down/regain his composure 【点睛】[高分句型1] As the whistle blew, he swung the rope skillfully and jumped steadily. (运用了由As引导的时间状语从句) [高分句型2] Though he did not win the first prize, he finished the competition perfectly. (运用了由Though引导的让步状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $